The Montgomeryshire Express and Radnor Times

Stitch in Time. There is an old saying, A stitch in time saves nine," and if upon the first symptoms of anything being wrong with our health we were to resort to some simple but proper means of correcting the mischief, nine-tenths of the suffering that invades our homes would be avoided. A dose of Gwilym Evans' Quinine Bitters taken when you feel the least bit out of sorts is just that stitch in time." You can get Gwilym Evans' Quinine Bitters at any Chemists or Stores in bottles 2s. 9d. and Is. 6d. each but remember that the only guarantee of genuineness is the name Gwilym Evans on the label, stamp, and bottle, without which none are genuine. Sole Proprietors:—Quinine Bitters Manu- facturing Company, Limited, Llanelly South Wales.

A serious accident occurred at the Soundwell- road Colliery Deep Pit, St. George's Bristol. Three mpn were killed and thirty injured. Most of them have fractured limbs or concussion. One of the thrpe killed had only been married three weeks. Alfred Weal, a small holder of Doddinghurst, was fined P.5 and oosts at Oogur, for killing a pheasant on his holding. The Chairman of the Ðnob added that if there had be-n a previous codvict,ion the man would have been sent to prison.

NEWTOWN'S OLD CHURCH. An Interesting and Instructive History and Description. A Valuable Keepsake. [By MR. B. BENNETT ROWLANDS.] Officially connected with many historical por- tions of Montgomeryshire, Mr Bennett Rowlands has dedicated much of his leizure to historic research, and has derived infinite pleasure from the collection of local lore with which he might easily compile several volumes of engrossing interest. But the historical subject which claims him above and beyond all others is the Old Church at Newtown, within whose weather beaten belfry he has for seventeen years conducted Sunday service, particularly for the benefit of the old folk. Six or seven hundred years hack men and women gathered to worship within these now hoary, roofless walls, and to-day the bell still calls their descendants to meet in this ancient sanctu- ary. Thus Mr Rowlands has preserved a living link with the remote religious past of Newtown, and naturally enough he has set himself to learn all that can possibly be gleaned of the Old Charch's history. Recently the Cede wain Field Club paid a visit to these sacred ruins, upon which occasion Mr Rowlands read an elaborate paper descriptive of the Church from the date of the earliest records. That paper he has, by request, since revised for the Express' and we have pleasure in now presenting it to our readers, who will no doubt regard it as a valuable keepsake. Standing upon the remains of the north walls of the church, where he stood seven years pre- viously when addressing the Cambrian Archseo- logical Society, Mr Rowland said:— As the history of Newtown centres around the sacred ruins of this old Church, which gave New- town a name, I think it rightly constitutes the first place of interest which the Club should visit to-day. THE DEDICATION OF THE CHURCH. The dedication of this old Church and the Lady well in the town both hand down the name of Llanfair-yng-Nyhedewain (Saint Mary in Caedewen) or as some historians call it-Dyffrin Llanfair (Saint Mary's in the Valley), or inasmuch as the external and internal walls were plastered with lime mortar (small portions of which are still visible). I am rather surprised it was not called Eglwys Gwynn or White Church, the ancient name of which appears to have been changed in the reign of Henry VIII (1535), owing, it is said, to the tradition that the old town was destroyed by fire and a new town built in its place. The only evidence of such an event having taken place is the report that while excavating the well for a pump near what was known then as Mrs Oliver Jones' shop (now Mr Swain's, in High-street) a large piece of charred timber was found. So far as the name of Newtown or Newtown in Kedewen" occurred first in 1321, and if the old town was built, as some state, of timber with sheeting of smooth boards it would have been of very inflammable material and soon destroyed. The following extracts are from the Parish Records:—" The population of the parish of New- town at the close of the year 1821 was 3489 (3486) signed George Foxton, rector. On the 14th July, 1791, houses In the rural parish of Newtown numbered 31 In the Town 137 Total 168 A VAST PRIMEVAL FOREST. This church was dedicated to the Virgin Mary. The north-west walls were built of rubble stone from the bed of the river. They adjoin the tower at the west end, and this undoubtedly is the oldest part of the edifice, and probably it was the site of a much older building, some think of the eighth or ninth century, and venture so far as to suppose that the first building was a wooden reed- thatched church, and this on the site of a Druidical Temple. For the valley of the Severn was no doubt, at that time, a vast primeval forest containing groves suitable for such worship, and there are in England and Wales several instances where the early Christians sought to erect their churches on the sites of Druidical Temples, thus to show the triumph of Christianity over heathendom. The south-west walls were built partly of rubble and partly of a shale rock, considered by some historians to have obtained from quaries either on Caehillin or Brimmon Farms near this town. It had a double aisle and double roof, which was richly moulded with angel cobbles, resting on five octagonal oak pillars, portions of which may be seen at the Rectory. But the south-east roof is supposed by some experts to have been a ly-by roof when first erected, owing to certain openings in the wall and a different kind of building stone used from a certain height up. ITS INTERIOR ARRANGEMENT. I beg to submit a rough plan (which will be seen in the window of Mr Davies, photographer, NeMtown), in preparation of which I was greatly assisted by Lady Pryce-Jones, Mrs Hannah Taylor (who sang in the Old Church Choir), and in particular by Mr R. A. Powell, decorative painter, of this town (now of Llan- drindod). It shows the positions of the pews, etc., when the church fell into ruin. There is also another plan found amongst parish records, which is almost the same. The altar was an oak chest, which is believed to be that which is now in the cellar at the Rectory, with marble slab forming a table. It was presented by Wm. Evans, rector, ir 1768, and placed in the east end of the north aisle. Near it was an altar piece, painted and presented by Dyer, the poet, the subject being 'The Lord's Supper,' which, after lying for years among some debris in the Rectory cellar, was re- stored by the Rev. John Williams,' rector, and is now hung up in the chancel of the parish church. I hate seen a copy bf the will of Rector Wm. Evans dated 10th July, 1763, and proved 21st May, 1772, by Sarah Wilkey (his sister) and Rebecca Clayton. Mere is an extract from it: "After leaving property in Cyfronydd Township, in the parish of Welshpool, and all burgage house and apurtenances called the Old Tan House, in New- town, and property at St. Giles', Newtown, and all those messuages, tenements, and lands, situate in the parish of Mochdre, to his sister, Sarah Wilkey, for her sole use during her life, but sub- ject to the payment of an annual sum of two pounds and two shillings which I for ever- charge on the Mochtre property,—one i guinie to be given Rector or Curate of Newtown for preach- ing a sermon on New Year's Day and Holy Thurs- day annually, the other J guinie to be distributed among such poor housekeepers of Newtown as attends these services, but who do not receive parochial relief. The above sum of X2 2s Od to be paid by the tenant, and allowed by the land- lord or landlady-the half on New Year's Day, and the other half on Holy Thursday. The Old Tan House is called Trehelig." SOME NOTABLE FEATURES. There was a gallery extending over at least a portion of the south-east aisle, in which it is said Sir John Pryce sat; but subsequently it was used by the Church Choir, in the front of which (so a Montgomeryshire antiquary in 1832 writes) there was a gilt partition of curious devices, which no doubt was meant for the renowned rood screen that extended across both aisles, and which was in 1856 transferred to the new parish church, where it formed a kind of reredos until the new chancel was built, when it was removed to the Rectory, where it is now carefully preserved. A portion of it, however, has been utilised to deco- rate the interior of the chancel. For a descrip- tion and drawing by Mr David Walker, architect, I would refer you to Arch deacon Thomas's His- tory of the Diocese of St. Asaph." A very antique font was reported to have been brought from Abbey Cwmhir by Sir Matthew Pryce, who, it is said, conveyed the beautiful rood screen from that ancient Abbey. Until recently the font had been for years lost sight of, but fortunately it fell into the hands of our late talented local antiquary (Mr Richard Williams), who generously restored it to the parish church I should very much like to see it placed in the Old Church Tower Mission Room, and I would undertake to collect funds to restore it to its original beauty as far as practicable. From a report made by the Rural Dean in 1729 we learn that the Communion plate used in this old church was extraordinarily good, and was given by Sir John Pryce, Bart., and Arthur Pryce, EFq., in the year 1726. It is now in use in the parish church. From another source we learn that amongst the Church plate was a silver basin (the gift of the same Baronet) for christening purposes, but this has entirely disappeared. About the same date (1726-32) the church pews were made uniform, and the services were conducted in English up to 1769, when the Rev. Wm. Evans was rector. But a Welsh sermon was preached once a month and the second lesson was also read in Welsh. Ultimately the Rector dis- continued this, but it was revised for a short time during the incumbency of Rev. John Williams by order of Bishop Hughes, and held in the National Schoolroom, and I assisted our Curate to conduct them. About 1733, Sir John Pryce erected a beautiful organ in his chancel (the Lady Chapel is said to have belonged to the Newtown Hall Estate), and appointed one Edward Benbow, jun., his organist. We are told that the church service was performed in great perfection, but in the year 1743 Sir John Pryce took the organ away and sent it to Buck- land, Breconshire. THE ONLY SURVIVORS. About 1759 the church and chancel were beau- tified. The massive tower, with its wooden belfry, the south-east wall, and portions of the chancel, are the only survivors of this old church's ancient beauty. The walls of the tower are about 5ft. thick, but several fissures formerly appeared in same, and only for the timely repairs done by the Rev. John Williams (and subsequently by the Lay Reader), who had a plan prepared for rebuilding the church, but could not raise the funds, they would to-day be a heap of ruins. There is a plan of restoration prepared by the Lay Reader, which now hangs on the walls of the Mission Room, and had the late Miss Brisco lived a few years longer she would have rebuilt and restored it to its ancient beauty. The Rector had portions of the walls re- built and a new roof placed on the belfry, and Mr Fishbourne (the succeeding rector) fitted it up for holding services, which I have for about 16 years had the honour of conducting. The tower contained a fine peal of six bells of very excellent tone. They were no doubt given by the Newtown Hall family, as some bear their names. There is a report that during the com- monwealth Barnet and Rogers, the bailiffs in charge, quarrelled as to having the bells rung, and that Rogers, in a fit of temper, took a sledge hammer and broke and damaged them. They had to be recast by Reidhall, of Gloucester, in 1749, at a cost of .£600. In 1868 they were re- moved to the present Parish Church by one David Edwards, an ironfounder and blacksmith, and not long ago they were reset and repaired at con- siderable cost. The present Rectory or GJebs House was built in 1814 by William Cleaver, rector. The old Rectory stood in the gardens adjoining the old Churchyard. Several persons living up to a few years ago, recollected some cf its old walls, which were gradually 3leared away by the tenants of the gardens on the site of which the Rectory stood. Several interments are said to have taken place in those gardens, especially when the cholera visited the town: they were originally part of the churchyard. THE CHURCHYARD. The Churchyard, which is a very ancient burial ground, was formerly fenced by wood rails and palings. In the Parish Records there is the fol- lowing entry:—" The churchyard fence was, by unanimous consent, new railed and painted accord- ing to the following list in the year 1761." (See list in Parish books). The present brick wall around the churchyard is said to have been erected by one Goodwin, a native of the town, who returned from Australia after having amassed a considerable fortune. He felt sorry to see the fence around God's acre in such a dilapidated condition, and was prompted in consequence to this act of reverence and Christian liberality. The stone wall adjoining the river was put up, it is stated, by public subscription and the boarded fence between the gardens and it by the Rev John Williams, rector. The gates of the principal entrance and brick pillars were erected by Mr Robert Dale Owen, son af the illustrious philanthropist, who it is thought put coping on the brick walls. There was, according to parish records, a wicket or lych gate entrance from Skinner-street at the end of the avenue of lime trees, which trees, together with a row of Gilead and other firs and Ontario poplars from the entrance, west to the east end of the churchyard, were planted by Rev G. G. Williams, in October, 1838. There was also a Yew tree planted opposite the south side of the Chancel about the year 1694; two yews at the end of the Chancel in 1734, and seven sycamore around the churchyard on the 4th November, 1749. There were walnut trees planted at the east end about the same time. I myself planted several Austrian pine and poplar, but some of them have been maliciously destroyed. I again in February, 1906, replaced the poplars and planted alternately Horse Chestnut trees, which have grown to a con- siderable height and will be quite an ornament to such a burial ground. On the 31st day of January, 1896,1 planted two English yew trees, and subse- quently more, one near the entrance gate and the other nearer the entrance to the vestry. There was a weeping willow tree said to have been planted at the top corner of the south aisle, which stood over the grave of one Sergt.-Major Dolbey, this from a cutting, it is said, brought by him from the one planted on the grave of Napoleon ic St. Helena, over which he had stood guard. THE TOMB OF ROBERT OWEN. Near the same is the tomb of Robert Owen, the philanthropist, which was a few years ago sub- scribed for by the co-operators of Great Britain and Ireland at a cost of X150. This memorial to Owen in the Old Churchyard is only a part of the monument raised to his memory in Newtown. The other forms a section of the Free Library. In addition to the tomb the co-operators renovated a portion of the crumbling walls of the Church at a cost of some .£90. Mr W. Jenkins, the secretary of the Newtown Co-operative Society, whom I asked to furnish me with particulars, says: "The work was completed in July, 1902, and on the 11th of that month the unveiling of the memorial was undertaken by the late George Jacob Holyoake, in the presence of some 500 persons, who assembled within the precincts of this historic Churchyard. The audience was made up of representatives of co-operation from Scotland, England and Wales, and also among those present were our esteemed townsman Sir P. Pryce-Jones, as well as Hugh Lewis, Esq. (high sheriff of the county at the time), Col. E. Pryce- Jones (at that time the Member of Parliament for these Boroughs), Mr Edward Jones, Pendref (chairman of the Urban District Council at the time), Mr Bennett Rowlands, the late Mr William Cooke, Mr C. J. Newell, C.C., Mr T, A. Forster, etc., etc. The upkeep of the memorial is vested in, and attended to, by the local Co-operative Society, and through the courtesy of the Rector of Newtown and Mr Bennett Rowlands the Society are in possession of a key of the gates. Since 1902 several hundreds of people from all parts of the country have visited the tomb of our illustrious townsman. The design of the memorial was the work of that eminent sculptor -Mr Albert Toft, of London." An interesting feature of the Churchyard is "The Lovers' Grave." Here also lie the remains of the illustrious dead of Newtown and neigh- bourhood for at least the last 800 years. Inside the Churchyard is the royal tomb of the Pryces, of Newtown Hall, which was opened in July, 1900, by the late Miss Brisco, and over which a mausoleum is now erected. OPENING OF THE PRYCE'S VAULT. The Lady Chapel is said to belong to the Newtown Hall Estate, and we are informed that the late Sir John Pryce died in London, and was buried there. The late Miss Brisco, of Newtown Hall, after consulting with Mr Edward Powell (her agent) and myself, as to searching for the family vaults, resolved to do so in June, 1900. We were cot long in finding on the right of the entrance of the door into the vestry and chancel a small vault, wherein it is said were buried the favourite servants of the Newtown Hall family, and on opening this we discovered the remains of three bodies, and four iron candlesticks fastened in the sidewalks. One on the left of the vault was so perfect that the coffin I was not quite decayed. It was lined with leather. One old inhabitant, who recollects his death and burial, identified the remains as those of Tommy King," of King's Toll Bridge celebrity. This bridge across the river is said to have been built by the Pryce's family, the tolls to be devoted to Tommy's support. On searching on the site of the mausoleum we found the family vault. Although built with bricks in cement, and puddled with clay. there was six inches of water in it. Also, we discovered a large lead tank about five feet by f )ur feet, with remains of wooden lid and two coffins encased in lead, which appeared to have rested on the lid of the lead tank before it decayed. One coffin had fallen into the tank, and the other partly rested on the tank and partly on the floor. There was a tablet on the wall to the memory of Sir John Powell Pryce, who died in 1710, and four iron candlesticks (two on each side) were fastened to the wall. There were also, it was thought, the remains of the young lady Ann Elizabeth Pryce, eldest daughter of Sir John Pryce, Bart., and Dame Elizabeth, his first wife, who died 18th October, 1736, aged 8 years 5 months and 17 days, whose tablet is in the Parish Church, and several other human remains and massive coffin handles, one of which Miss Brisco handed to me. She also offered me the iron candlesticks, buti I thought it a pity to remove them. In the following year she erected the present mausoleum at a cost of about .£100. Miss Brisco died on the 20th January, 1901, at 79, Portland Place, London, at the age of 72. Her death was a great loss to Newtown, which has enjoyed so largely of her benefactions, most notable of which is the hand- some town clock and tower and the magnificent Cross buildings. THE ECCENTRIC BARONET AND HIS WIVES. Regarding the two lead coffins found in the vaults, in which at least some of the Pryces of Newtown Hall were supposed to be interred, it is not unreasonable to infer that they contained the bodies of Sir John Pryce (the fifth baronet), two of whose wives, as we learn from history, were embalmed and kept in his bedroom, one on each side of his bed, until when he was about to marry Eleanor, widow of Roger Jones, of Buckland, Breconshire. This lady declined the honour of his hand before her defunct rivals were committed to their proper resting place. I don't think it a great stretch of imagination to suppose that the family vault opened by the late Miss Brisco was constructed specially to receive the remains of these two ladies, and that the tank or lead coffer found contained the remains of the Pryce family, which represented several bodies, and which may have been removed from an older vault in this tank. It is said by some old inhabitants that this Sir John Pryce drove to Church in his carriage drawn by four cream colour horses, and that the then inhabitants of the town, all of whom were his tenants, invariably waited his arrival, and lined each side of the path to the Church; to them he spoke in passing up to the Church. Sir John was descended from the 4th Royal Tribe of Wales, and he was entitled to be honoured as a Prince. Sir John Powell Pryce, the 6th Baronet of Newtown Hall, was the only son of Sir John Pryce, the eccentric 5th Baronet. Thr >ugh an accident he lost his eyesight, yet it is said he regularly followed the hounds and though blind was seldom last in the chase. According to folk- lore, Tommy King, his faithful servant, accom- panied him with a long rein to his horse's bridle, and that once they cleared the old narrow lane leading to the Lower Bryn. He died in King's Bench prison, where he was imprisoned for contumacy on the 4th July, 1776, and was buried at Newtown, but not it seems until nearly six weeks after his demise. For her faithfulness to him while in prison he left his wife one shilling under his will. She died in London in reduced circumstances. An oil painting at Newtown Hall dated 1752, is supposed to be her picture. Most of the property was sold under a decree in Chancery, the park fencing having been previously taken down and the deer sold. A relative of the writer, who attended what was said to be one of the first ladies' seminaries held in Newtown in one of the old brick-built houses in Old Church- streeet, had seen the Park well-stocked with deer. The Park extended from Newtown Hall and its surroundings to Black Hall, Castleydail, and Vaynor Farms. This was in the latter part of the 17th and early part of the 18th century.

Forden Clerk Complimented. PAUPERS CAN GET OLD-AGE PENSIONS AND POOR-LAW RELIEF. DODGING THE AUDITOR. H As going over the House, to-day," said Mr. John Pryce Jones to the Forden Board of Guar- dians, last Wednesday, "I found that some of the- inmates wculd like to go out, but they found they could not live on 5s. a week. Now, it would pay us to give them a little extra relief. They will be allowed the doctor, It would be far better for us to allow the poor people 2s. a week in their homes at Welshpool than board them out in some other Union." Mr. Pryce Jones raised this point regarding a deputation to wait on the Local Government Board about handing over the workhouse entirely as a lunatic asylum. The Clerk (Mr. C. S. Pryce) There is nothing on the 1st January to prevent the Guardians sup- plementing the pensions at all. Mr. William Humphreys (a member of Welsh- pool Old Age Pensions Committee) That's a new point Mr. Stafford Price Davies: The whole thing- really hinges on what is the amount they can live upon. Mr. Pryce Jones: That's it. Mr. Price Davies: I don't know quite what they- can live upon. I quite agree THEY CAN'T LIVE ON 5S. A WEEK. Upon a recommendation from the Welshpool Pensions Committee the Beard passed a resolution to inform the old paupers that, if they wished it, medical relief will be continued to them as old-age pensioners. The Clerk remarked he had been instructed to give every assistance he could to the aged paupers to get their birth certificates with a view to old- age pensions. He had done so, but now there was the question of paying for these certificates. He did not think the auditor would pass the payment for these certificates. Bat," added the Clerk, amid laughter appreciative of his shrewdness, I suggest that the relief for the week in these cases be increased by 2s. 61." Mr. Wm. Humphreys: That will cover it. Mr. Price Davies You can drive a coach-and- four through an Act of Parliament (laughter). Mr. Pryce Jones But you must be a lawyer to do it. Mr. Price Davies (in a stage whisper): Yes, That's what they're for.

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£ 200 A YEAR. Minimum Wage for Parsons. The Best Kind of Church Defence. They Must Stay or Starve." Revelations at a Welshpool Meeting. The Bishop of St. Asaph draws a salary of F-80 a week. But in the Powis Memorial Church House. Welshpool, last Wednesday afternoon, the story was told of a clergy- man in his diocese, who, after years' ser- vice in the same parish, was receiving the sum of P-64 a year net-" 25s a week, not the wages of a skilled mechanic," declared the indignant speaker. This gathering was intended to stimulate the interest of Powvstand laity in the St. Asaph Diocesan Clergy Sustentation Fund," o that they might give it increased support. The object of the fund is to make grants in parishes with a population of less than 500, where the tithes do not ensure an income of £ 200 a year to the Vicar, also to- help to provide pensions for the clergy, so that they can retire at the age of 65. As the clergy and laity entered the room they were heartily welcomed by Mr Forrester Addie, estate agent of the Earl of Powis, who has the power to appoint the spiritual guides in nearly a score j IÎ Montgomeryshire and Shropshire parishes. In due course Lord Powis himself arrived in his motor-car, and also made himself very agreeable, shaking hands with such supporters as ,'Ir John Lloyd, "Mayor of Trewern." The _)ev R. Evan Jones, vicar of Llanllwcllaiarn, pied a foremost seat in the audience, an i followed the proceedings throughout with evidently great satisfaction, which often showed itself in appreciative smiles. Al- together the assembly numbered about 60 or 70, including the Rev D. Grimaldi Davis, vicar of Welshpool Canon Williams, New- town Rev E. D. Thomas, curate of Welsh- pool Rev J. Latimer Jones, vicar of Llan- fair Rev John Jenkins, perpetual curate of Buttmgton a group of leading Welshpool Anglican ladies, Mrs Salter", Mrs Edward Wyke, Mrs Wall-Griffiths, Mrs Manford, and Miss Oakley Messrs Charles Shuker, G. D. Harrison, J. J. Jestico, H. H. Treasure, Dr Marston, etc., etc. The Chairman\s table was on the plat- form, but Lord Powis and Dr Davis lifted it -down to the floor on a level with the audi- ence—after the manner of the chairman's table at Welshpool Town's Meetings Mr Addie also rendered a little assistance. Lord Powis took the chair, with the Hon. Laurence Brodrick, Abergele, on his right- Mr Brodrick is a brother to Lord Midleton, who recently addressed a Conservative meet- ing at Welshpool, and is probably the most active propagandist on behalf of the Clergy Sustentation Fund in the diocese. On the Chairman's left, there sat a strange clergy- man—the Rev Alured Elliott Black, organiz- ing secretary of the Clergy Pensions Insti- tution. In these days of political storm and stress might be thought- as well to keep a cool iaad But Lord Powis asked permission to keep his hat on. I think it is just as well 5°. the toP one's head warm these h,e reuiarks?d amid, smiles. His Lord- iu ^fortunately had a coid. Altogether iasted two h°urs and tl4en the audience was refreshed with tea. Points from the Speeches. LORD powis. Every dty we are more exacting as to the .sort of clergyman we require to minister to our parishes. We expect to have a man of education, a gentleman in whom we have implicit confidence. You cannot have a man of education unless he has some proper salary, so that he can keep up a position in his parish in which .there are so many calls upon his purse. It is extraordinary how the clergy of the country parishes and the town parishes are able out of their slender incomes to give trie amount of charity which they do. We need to arouse ourselves from the joyrnoot of our inherited endow- ments. "We at the present day almost en- tirely live upon the endowments, which our forefathers were good enough and thought- ful enough to provide for the maintenance of the clergy in their days. In some cases teat is sufficient, in others it is not, because we all know time changes, the value of money changes, and all sorts -of changes take Place, and amongst other things, tithe. And i a.t has altered what in many cases was an < ample provision into a mere penury at the present time. To keep up a parsonage house and to deal with the many calls that there are upon the clergyman in a parish, and to keep up his position properly, such as we should wish him to do, an income of E200 a year is not a very fat living at any time. It is not a very high ideal to set before us. simply the provision of £ 200 a year for a clergyman. Let us go on then towards a higher ideal, and hope to see the incomes raised to £ 250 and £ 300 (applause). Still we must be satisfied with the smaller sum first. We (the council which administers the fund) do not feel that it is desirable in the interests either of the clergy or of the laity that there should be published throughout the length and breadth of the country who are recipients of this charity. MR. LAWRENCE BRODRICK. This work is the very best kind of Church Defence that can possibly be done. The reason that we have to go in for Church Defence, whether we like it or whether we don't, is that there are those who think that we are not efficient, and who for that reason are wishing to spoil us—wrongfully, I admit, most wrongfully! But, if our work is kept at the highest efficiency, that if we draw people to us by the fact that we are the most spiritual body, and are fulfilling that work for which we are sent, then I say that we cut away the ground from under their feet, and that there will be no more necessity for Church Defence (applause). In this country people haven't awakened to the fact-or are only slowly awakening to the fact-that the present provision and the provision during the last 20 years for the maintenance of the clergy is and has been not only hopelessly inadequate, but a scandal to one of the richest churches in the world (applause). In spite of all that has been done by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners in raising livings, where there is a population of 500, there are in this diocese something over one-quarter of the whole livings—between 50 and 60 in number—which are still under -2200 a year. I received a letter the other day from an incumbent in this diocese who after 40 years' service in the same parish-and a longer service than that in the service of the church—is receiving the sum of £64 a year net,—(cries of Shame! ")-25s a week, not the wages of skilled mechanic! And that man has laboured for 40 years, year in, year out, keeping a respectable appear- ance, ministering to his parishioners, sup- plying in the measure that he could those numberless calls, which are apt to be for- gotten, from his purse of £64 a year. By your efforts we have been able to make a substantial grant of £ 70 or Y.80 a year dur- ing the last four or five years—(applause)— to bring fresh heart and fresh hope to that man's life, to help him in his declining years to feel that the Church for which he has laboured is not altogether oblivious of his temporal interests. That is no isolated case. In a good many parishes the parson—as he was known I like that good old word he was the person" in the parish-we thank God he is in many parishes still the person," the man of intelligence, of educa- tion somewhat superior to his parishioners, of sympathy, of light, of leading. In the past year there were 750 individual subscribers from the four Montgomeryshire deaneries, and a total sum of something like P-220 was sent. Last year incumbents in these four deaneries received grants ag- gregating F-550, or over double what was sent up from the deaneries (applause). THE ORGANIZING SECRETARY OF THE CLERGY PENSIONS INSTITUTION. The Sustenation Fund provides the sinewrs of war for the Church in that which is most fundamental and essential and vital to her, namely, to provide the conditions that are essential to the efficient ministry of the living agent. This stands first. Nothing can come be- fore this. I don't care whether it is the building of churches, or education, or mis- sions, or other philanthropies or morali- ties. Whatever comes second, there is no second till this first is done! Sacred obligation," my lord, as I am sure you will agree with me, is the char- acteristic and the most dignified note of English Churches. Sacred obligation is the thing that seems to mark us out from all the other forms of Christian faith that differ with us. There are no more generous set of people than Churchmen. Take the contri- butions of Churchmen out of the subscrip- tion lists of the great philanthropic societ- ies, take them out of the hospitals, out of every call made for the public weal and welfare, whether in the county, my lord, or in the country at large, what would become of these funds ? How sadly would they be depleted! How woeful would be the deficit! Brother Churchmen and sister Church- women The time has come when you must discriminate the essential needs of your own churches. Your contributions must no longer be dictated by sentiment and the appeal to emotion it must be dic- tated by solemn and sacred obligation to what is needed and essential in Church work to-day (applause). Our contributions as Churchmen must be stimulated and in- spired by the sense that they are given on the ground of reason, and that they are given on the ground of sacred obligation. There is no professional man in the world who has less control over the spend- ing power of his income than the clergy of the Church of England. If a clergyman is keen and want to get on, and wants some new development of Church work in his parish which his people don't always quite see from his point of view. he has got to take the lead, he has got somehow financially to engage himself. I know that of my own experience. Many of the men who have served the Church faithfully for many years have come to the time when their days of active, beneficent service is ended. No one is more conscious of that than they. They talk to me in confidence. I don't know of anything sadder or anything more de- serving of the sympathy and pity of Churchpeople than a man who knows he can nf4 longer cope with his work. He has built it up by his zeal and energy and de- votion, and then he sees it slipping away from him like a melting snowball. These clergymen cannot go. They must stay, or they must starve. They have got to stay on, and to see the whole thing drifting from them. They say, "It runs through niv whole work. It would be a mercy to me, it would be a blessing to my people, if I could be able to retire. He can retire to-day under the provisions of the Incumbents Resignation Act, the meanest, clumsiest, most miserable- (laughter and hear, hear)--provision that was ever made through the united efforts of Church and State. It means that money that our ancestors in their munificence gave to continue an efficient ministry is dis- tributed in order to provide for a superan- nuated one. It means that a man who has had good emoluments in his life is going to have a good pension. And it means that a man who has had very hard work and very little pay is going to get a very little pension. It means everything that it ought not to mean. The Bishop of London said the other day that the Church was never in time. The fund is in time. What is going to be- come of the clergy when the Church is disestablished and disendowed ? Here is provision being built up—outside the en- dowments of the Church-which no one can touch, against the day of necessity. THE VICAR OF WELSHPOOL. At the present time it is much easier to get the sympathy and the support of Church people towards almost anything ex- cept the support of their own clergy. And that, I say, is due chiefly to us clergy our- selves. We have been diffident in bringing this matter forward. We may build churches, but the living agent is the most important thing, and if the clergy are, as it were, ground down by poverty and by despair, how can you pos- sibly get the best out of them? We are only human beings like you. The Church, you know, is going through a very, very trying time, and a great deal depends upon the way in which the laity will support and back up the clergy at the present time. MR. H. H. TREASURE. I believe we are the only body of Chris- tians that don't support our own ministers. —(Mr Brodrick: Hear, hear.)—That is per- haps why our subscriptions appear greater, as Churchmen, to hospitals, etc. Noncon- formists-I don't mean anything disrespect- ful-have to support their own ministers we haven't. It is a sad thing to think that any clergy- man should try to bring up a family on so small a sum as E200 a year (hear, hear). Some of the clergy do marry. And they have sons, and they want to educate them very often as clergymen. And many of our best clergymen are men who had father as clergymen. And how they are to go it, if they don't get £ 200 a year, I don't know. ARCHDEACON D. R. THOMAS. I should like to say, as having gone through the mill, that the trials and the difficulties of a clergynfan's house are such as I should not wish a layman to go through.—(Mr Brodrick: Hear, hear). The time when I myself have been hard- est up was when I was vicar of a large parish. In those days we had to provide funds for all sorts of necessities in most of the parishes.

With His Own Stick. WORKHOUSE PORTER ASSAULTED BY TRAMPS. The porter's life at Forden is not always a happy one according to the story told last Tues- day at the Welshpool County Police Court. Two tramps, William Foster, aged 23 years, and Albert Pickard, 31, were brought up in custody on a, charge of absconding from the casual ward and assaulting the porter. Mr J. E. Tomley solicitor, Montgomery, told the sitting magistrates-Mr Charles Shuker and Dr. R. D. Thomas-that the Board of Guardians took a serious view of such cases. About 8,000 vagrants a year were accommodated at the work- house, and, with a small staff of officers, it was absolutely necessary that discipline be observed. The vagrants were becoming a menace to the countryside. John Whittingham, the workhouse porter, said that the prisoners were admitted on Sunday evening. They had their supper and night's lodging and breakfast, and then decamped. He followed them, and caught them up about a quarter of a mile from the workhouse, and asked them to return. They struck him, took his stick off him and struck him again with that, and told him to keep bis distance or they would knock him down. He had to leave them and go for P.C. Rees Williams, Forden. With the police "he followed the tramps to Bishop's Castle workhouse, where they were arrested in the casual ward. P.C. Williams corroborated, and prisoners ad- mitted absconding, but denied the assault. In passing a sentence on each of a week's im- prisonment with hard labour for absconding and a fortnight each for the assault, Mr Shuker said the Bench thought people like them, passing through the country and receiving h (ppitxlity, food and lodging, ought to go peaceably about and obey the regulations of the Institution. Instead of that they were a terror to people in country places. The Workhouse Master (Mr E. H. Humphreys) reported the incident to the Board of Guardians last Wednesday, and suggested that the Porter should be provided with a staff to go amongst the tramps. If there ia a bother in the tramp ward," added the Master, i, is bound to be an Irishman without exception flaughter). Mr William Humphreys: I understood they beat him with his own stick! The Master: What he had was no sort of stick. A Guardian: If he had a staff they would have killed him I (laughter). The Board took no action to arm tho Porter against any future unpleawastuabs..