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CAMBRIAN RAILWAYS ANNOUNCEMENTS, EVERY SUNDAY up to August 29th inclusive, CHEAP DAY EXCURSION TICKETS WILL BE ISSUED TO Aberystwyth, Borth, Aberdovey, Towyn & Barmouth, By the Morning Mail Train Leaving Newtown at 7-34 a.m. Fare, 3s. Passengers return same day by the Mail Train leaviug Aberystwyth at 6-25 and Barmouth 5-55 p.m I Excursions to the Sea Side. ATTRACTIONS BAND ON PROMENADE. AT f ROLLER SKATING (Up-to-date Rink Now Open). ABERYSTWYTH. ( PIERROTS IN PIER PAVILION AND ELYSIAN GROVE. ) THEATRICAL PERFORMANCES AT THE COLISEUM Nightly. ON THURSDAY, JULY 29th, A FAST HALF-DAY TRIP To ABERYSTWYTH, Leaving NEWTOWN at 2-15 p.m.. arriving at Aberystwyth 4 p.m. Third Class Return Fare, 2s. Passengers return same d-ty from Abaryst;vyth at 9-40 p.m. EVEXtY MONDAY DURING JULY Special Day Excursion to Aberystwyth & Coast Stations Leaving Newtown at 8-6 a.m., for Aberystwyth, &c., and. 9-44 a m. for Barmouth, &c. PARTIES intending to take advantage of these Trips should make Eariy Application for reserved accommodation. AUGUST BANK HOLIDAY. EXTENSION OF WEEK END FACILITIES. WEEK END TICKETS Advertised in the Company's Excursion Pamphlet, Issued on FRIDAY and SATURDAY, July 30th and 31st, will be available for rotum on the following Sunday (train service permitting), Monday, Tuesday, or Wednesday. AUGUST BANK HOLIDAY ATTRACTIONS GRAND FLOWER SHOW. VARIETY ENTERTAINMENTS. PUSH BALL COMPETITIONS, &c., &c. FULL BANDS OF THE SHROPSHIRE TERRITORIALS AND THE PERFECTION SOAP WORKS BAND, WARRINGTON. OSWESTRY, Monday, August 2nd. SPECIAL CHEAP BOOKINGS FROM NEWTOWN, &c., TO OSWESTRY. I SPORTS, &c., at LLANIDLOES, CAERSWS & MONTGOMERY. | CHEAP DAY TICKETS FROM NEWTOWN TO LLANIDLOES, CAERSWS, and MONTGOMERY. ¡ A DAY AT THE SEA-SIDE. ON MONDAY, AUGUST 2ND, SPECIAL FAST DAY EXCURSIONS TO ABERYSTWYTH, BARMOUTH, &c. THE WELSH NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY'S SHOW, j ABERYSTWYTH, AUGUST 3rd, 4th & 5th. ON TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY & THURSDAY, AUGUST 3rd, 4th and 5th, CHEAP TICKETS For 2, 3, or 4 DAYS And i ON TIURSDA Y, AUGUST 5th, i A SPECIAL DAY EXCURSION "V;r cz l To ABERYSTWYTH, FROM NEWTOWN, &c. BUILTH WELLS HISTORICAL PAGEANT, I TO BE HELD IN j THE BEAUTIFUL GROUNDS OF LLANELWEDD HALL, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 11th, CHEAP DAY TRIP TO BUILTH WELLS, FROM NEWTOWN, Etc. Fare, 2s. 9d. M For full particulars of times see later announcements. EXCURSIONS to LONDON INTERNATIONAL IMPERIAL EXHIBITION AT THE GREAT WHITE CITY'S SHEPHERD'S BUSH, LONDON. i THE GOLDEN WEST AND AMERICAN INDUSTRIES EXHIBITION, EARL'S COURT SATURDAY TO MONDAY CHEAP TICKETS. VERY SATURDAY UNTIL FURTHER NOTICE CHEAP RETURN TICKETS, AT A SINGLE FARE AND A QUARTER for the Double Journey will be Issued TO LONDON. i At all Stations on the Cambrian Railways. Available by any Ordinary Train Outward on I Saturdays. Return following Sunday or Monday. V ——————— f ALSO EVERY SATURDAY DURING JULY, AUGUST & SEPTEMBER (for 1 J or 14 Days), CHEAP EXCURSIONS TO LONDON. ( SPECIAL SEASON EXCURSIONS | July, August, and September, 1909. I To Date of Issue. Period. LIVERPOOL Fridays ••• 8 or 15 Days. MANCHESTER BIRMINGHAM L SHEFFIELD | DOUGLAS (Isle of Man) „ — » I LONDON ••• Saturdays or 14 Days. SCOTLAND Fridays 7 or 17 Days. ( SOUTH WALES Saturdays 7 Days. See Special Bills. Ca.mbria.n Railways Continued. COMBINED RAIL & COACH TRIPS During July. August, and September. To LAKE VYRNWY (Via Penybontfawr or liwntyiiin). LLANRHAIADR WATERFALLS (Via LlanrhIHdr). BIRMINGHAM CORPORATION WATERWORKS (Via Rhayader). CORRIS, TALYLLYN LAKE & CADER iDrtitf. For Full Particulars See Rail and Coach Programme CHEAP EXCURSIONS To LIVERPOOL & MANCHESTER. EVERY MONDAY, THURSDAY, AND SATURDAY; AND TO BIRMINGHAM EVERY THURSDAY AND SATURDAY, Until Furtf, Notice. Full particulars can be obtained at the Stations, or from the Office ot the Company Oswestry, 1909. C. S. DENNIS. GF?1wral Manager.
THE ORIGIN OF TITHES.
THE ORIGIN OF TITHES. THEIR PORTION FOR THE POOR. cjr Having inherited something of a liking for antiquarian subjects, and liav^ a pretty good collection of old books, which I pry into at leisure, when I saw the dia- cnssL m the < Express re, fatties & looked UD mv library to see whethel 1 had anj thing that might add to the discussion. I Mo w The original and right o* cbrU'm ^tX" ta ej'by1^ learned Dr Hum- pW^eau^ate^ of Norwjch,, Sapte?yonmState of England 1685;, men- (chapter e of those eminent ministers of tlfe English Church of that period—which period. I believe, produced 1- +W were not excelled at any time ta rn?blearn.y of the English Church, divines qualified by parts, by eloquence, by wide knowledge of literature of science, and of life, to defend their Church vic- toriously against heretics and sceptics, to command the attention ol frivolous and worldlv congregations, etc. Some laboured to fathom the abysses of meta- physical theology, some were deeply versed in biblical criticism, and some threw nght on the darkest parts of ecclesiastical his- tory I believe that Prideaux must be acknowledged as an authority on the latter SUNow let Prideaux speak for himself: "I have endeavoured to show the true right on which tithes are paid to the ministers of the gospel in this land, as well as the origin of them in the Christian Church. That they are due, as to the quota pars by a divine law obligatory upon all man- kind, how much soever it hath been la- boured, hath never yet been proved. And for the clergy to claim them by such a wrong right as can never be made out, it doth not only weaken the true right which they have unto them, but also exposeth them to scorn and contempt, as baffled claims always do those that make them, and by reason of the many odious cone quences which follow hereupon, must necessarily stir up the hatred and aversion of the laity against them., But if, waiving this right to the quota pars, they claim it only as to the maintenance, I hope I have in the ensuing discourse made it sufficiently appear that their title to their tithes on this foundation will ever firmly., stand against assaults as long as the wor- ship of God shall." In his treatise he stated (inter alia): How much soever tithes were taught to be due to the Church, the Church had no civil property in them, or was there any law established by the civic authority in any part of Christendom till the eighth cen- tury for the payment of them. And, there- fore, till then the Church no otherwise claimed them than as offerings, which were voluntarily to be set apart and voluntarily given by the people. There were, indeed, centures and anathema's denounced against; such as should neglect to discharge them- selves as they ought but as wickedness encreased, these became despised also, and wholly incapable of being put in execution, and consequently these dues in many places became very lamely paid, which induced a necessity of having recourse to the civil authority for the establishemnt of them, and consequently in the year 764 we find a law made for it by Pipin, King of France, commanding that everyone, whether they would or no, should pay their tithes. In the year 779, Charlemain, the son of Pipin, confirmed the law of his father for the kingdom of France. And ten years after. having conquered the Saxons, and reduced them to receive Christianity, he imposed the same law upon them, decreeing that every- one of them, whether rich or poor, noble or ignoble, should pay unto Jesus Christ and His ministers the tithes of all their cattle, and fruits, and all other products, both of the earth and of their labour, and I that they should be constrained to ao so. In the year 794 at Frankford, and m tlie vear 804 at Saltzburg, he made the like law for Germany. In the year 800 he published a law commanding all his officers of justice to take particular care within the demesne lands of his Crown, that the tithes of the profits of them be duly paid to the churches to which they had been antientjy paid, i.e. according to the ecclesiastical ord and usage which was m practice hel°r civil laws were enacted concerning then In 801 he commanded all ministers to in struct their people how they ought PJ their tithes. He also gave directions fo quatuor partes! dividantur pnma £ £ £ clerices, tertia P^PeT^ ^id by the fabrica ecclesiae. ^h^ four parts people shall given to the bishops, the first Pfrt third to the poor, and the fourth to a1r's bev!denf fro. «te ^bove^according j to this eminent Church nffprings given1 tithes were at first volunta y^ thev were by the people, that subsequently tl-ley %N-ere Crrma^wlU'n hisy direrfions distribution of them, decreed that the poor were to have the fourtn part. He explains further how the law was enacted j— pViarlemain there reigned In the time of Chaxiero Mercia, the here m England Offa, K g ]dngs of his most potent '?fal that great time m this island, witn friendship prince, having made a particular friendship and alliance, by this niea tithes en- establishing of a civ.l r.ght to t.thes^ tered here also. • p unt0 794, Offa made a law where y the Church the trthes of all h^jngao which the historians 11 prt Kine of expiate for the death °f,E pieced- theP East Angles, whom m the >ear prece,^ mg he had caused basely niarry iais on his coming to his coui daughter." rchment reached no fur- But this establishment^ Merci&j over ther than the Fthelwulph, about whom Offa reigned, 60 years after, enlarged it iiereon the civil England. And bec j n(j had its main right of tithes on this lan^ foundations, and ge who have wrote much perplexed hy g^all, for the clear- of it both pro anr »cti0ns and difficulties raised SbjT^hSi"^ a thorough aad full account of the whole matter and it is as followeth:— "Ethelwulph did in the year 854, in a Parliament for the kingdom of West Saxony, held at Wilton on the Feast of Easter, make a law for the granting of the tithes oi all that kingdom to the church, and ac- cording to the usage of those times settled it by his charter as followeth I Ethelwulph, by the grace of God, King of the West Saxons, in the holy and most solemn Feast of Easter for the health of my soul, and the prosperity of my king- dom, and of all people by Almighty God commanded to my charge, have with my bishops, earls, and all other my nobles, brought to pass this wholesome counsel, that J have not only given the tanth part of the lands through my kingdon to the holy churches, but also have granted to our ministers placed in them to enjoy them in perpetual lioerty so that this giant shall remain firm and immutable, freed from all Royal services, and from all other Secular service whatsoever. And it hati pleased Aelstan Bishop Sherborn, and Svdthun Bishop of Winchester, and the rest of the chief men to give their consent thereto. This we have done for the honotr of our Lord Jesus Christ, and of the blessd Virgin Mary, and of all the Saints, ani for the reverence which we bear to the Feast of Easter, that Almighty God may Vouchsafe to be probitious to us and our posperity This charter was written in the y<ar of the Incarnation of our Lord Jesus Clrist, 854 in the second judiction, on Easte. Day, in our palace called Wilton. WThoso'Ver shall augment this our donation, may &od aug- ment to him His prosperous day.. But ii anyone shall presume to dininish or change it, let him know that he oust give an account hereof before the Tnrl<rnpr.+ c + „f Christ, unless in the d^th make amends by giving satigfactitt for the same. *1 Ethelwulph the King, *1 Aelstan Bishop, *1 Swithun Bishop, *1 Wulstaf Abbot, *1 Werferd Abbot, *1 Ethered and I Altered the Kng's sons have given our consent hereto.' Immediately after passing of ftis grant, Ethelwulf took a journey of dlVotion to Rome, where he stayed a whole far but in his return, having married Jtletb the daughter of the King of France and de- clared her queen this, and hisUegecting the government of his kingdom lr so long an absence from it, so disguste the no- bility that a great many o^^hem had farmed themselves Into a party W the de- posing of him, and the placing °tEthelbald his eldest son, on the throne in his stead • so that on his return, finding ajj things ready to run into confusion anc civil dis- tractions, for the preventing herejf and the settling of peace in the land, h called a Parliament of all England to Ynqt at Win- chester, where the tributary kii-ts and all other the princes, bishops and tiobles of the land being assembled, after they had settled peace between the fathe and the son, they did, by their gener4 consent, make the same grant of tithes fo] the whole realm of England that had be made at Wilton the year before for the province of WTest Saxons. And the charter iereof ac. cording to Ingulph, who is the ancie'ntist of the English historians, in Mhtll we find it recorded, is as followeth:— 1. Our Lord Jesus Christ rigneth for ever. Whereas in our time we have seen the burnings of war, the ravagrig of our wealth, as also the cruel deprdations of enemies wasting our and (the lanes), and many other tribulations from barbarians and pagan nations inflicted iibll us for our sins, even almost to our utl" destruc- tion, and also very perilous tims hanging over our heads. 2. For this cause, I Ethelwlph King of the West Saxons, by the ad ice of my bishops, and other chief men o my king- dom, have resolved on a whsom and uniform remedy, that is, that grant as an offering unto God, and the lessed Vir- gin, and all the Saints, a certin portion of mv kingdom, to be held b nomofHHl right, that is to say, the tenth Prt thereof, and that this tenth part be priveged from temporal duties, and free from tll secular services and royal tributes, s well the greater as the lesser, or those loces which we call Witerden (William theconqueror abridged them of these privilegeeirid again subjected them to bear their ht in the public burdens of the Kingdom) lId that it be free from all things else, for he Health of my Soul, and the Pardon of iy singj to be applied only to the Service of}od alone, without being charged to any eXdition, or to the Repair of Bridges, or thePortifying of Castles, to the end that the tergy may with the more, diligence pourout their Prayers to God for us without easing, in which we do in some part rEBive their service. 3. These things were enacte at Win- chester in the year 855 in the thir. indiction, on the nones of November, for te Honour of the glorious Virgin and Motht of God, St. Mary, and of St. Michael, he Arch- angel, and of the blessed Peter, Prince of the Apostles, and also of our ble.sd Father Pope Gregory, and of all the Salr. 4. There were present and sh'scrihing hereto all the Archbishops, and shops of England, as also Boerred, King < Mercia, Edmund, King of the East Anglessan(j also a great multitude of Abbots, chesses, Dukes, Earls, and Noblemen of te whole land, as well as of other Christia. peopie, who all approved of the Royal Charter! but those only who were persons o dignity subscribed their names to it. ° 5. King Etheiwulph, for the greater firmness of the Grant, offered this™ tpr upon the altar of St. Peter the Apc^ n<j the Bishops on God's Part received v_ of him and published in all the (■lu^che<? throughout their respective dioceses" It is further to be observed uner this head (and I think it necessary to ibserve everything that may tend to the full of so important a matter) that in of Malmsbury's Charter of the Wiwwtpr grant, and in that of Matthew of ^nches- ter also, there is inserted a clause which cannot belong to it. It is as follow^ "'It has pleased the Bishop, A1 nf the Church of Sherborne, and SwLin n{ the Church of Winchester, with their"" and other Servants of God, to ordai all our Brothers and Sisters shall ii' rv Church, to which they belong, onc< week (that is on Wednesday) sim Psalms, and every Presbyter shall fhp same day sing two Masses, one fo Etheiwulph, and another for his ^les who have been consenting to this grant, for the Redemption and Remission of their Sins. And they shall say for the King while he shall live, the Prayer Deus qui justifi- cas, etc. and for the Nobles, while they shall live, the Prayer Praeteude Domine, etc.' But after they shall be dead, they shall pray for the dead King in particular, and for the Nobles being dead ,in general. And let this be constituted all the Days of Christianity, as firmly as this Grant is con- stituted, for as long as the Christian Faith shall flourish in the English Nation.' It is very evident that the church to which these tithes were given by the civil authority that prevailed at that time is very different in doctrine to the church which enjoys them to-day, being purely a Roman Church acknowledging Pope Gregory, worshipping the Virgin Mary, praying for the dead, etc., etc., In fact, the whole history is pregnant of Romish doctrine of penance, payments, and services of sinful men to their priests for the health of their souls," the pardon of their sins," etc., and the influence of the priests and bishops upon the kings. The tithes being enacted by the civil authority, the civil authority has every right to divert them, if it thinks proper. That part which originally belonged to the poor having being diverted for ecclesias- tical purposes by the State, the State can, if it thinks proper, divert that part which now belongs to the ecclesiastical to the secular, for social and charitable purposes. It is idle to call this robbery," since how came it to be enjoyed by their present owners ? They were not the original own- ers, and they have not robbed anyone of it. It has naturally come to them in virtue of their being the Established Church, but the Establishment is very much changed (as I believe very much for the better), and cannot be said to be the same as when the tithes were given. The Establishment had no doubt its purpose, and has done it in times gone past. But there is also no doubt that the vast majority of the people of Wales desire that the Establishment (not the Church) shall be broken, and the tithes, which are the property of the Church only in virtue of this establishment, diverted to objects that will add to the general welfare of the community.-Yours faithfully, FILITJS MAGLONÆ.
AFTER 2,000 YEARS. -
AFTER 2,000 YEARS. A Ramble Among Soman Remains. Powysland Pilgrims at Caersws. (Continued from last week). One of the most wonderful discoveries was next shown to the visitors. It is at the back of the new farm, and is an old Roman cellar, the floor of which is flagged, and in a splendid state of preservation. Here the excavations had been extended for a con- siderable depth. The cellar-only half of which has up to the present been dug out- would appear to be in the shape of a rhombus. It is a place which is usually to be found at the rear of the Prastormm, and in it the regiment kept their standards, and set up altars in honour of the Emperor and guardian spirits and these Roman soldiers actually worshipped their own col- ours. The standard-bearer took charge of the standards, and a sentry was placed in charge of the room. He was also made treasurer in charge of the valuables, and particularly of the men's deferred pay. The accountants' rooms were also under- ground. The Professor explained to the company that not long ago in Egypt certain papyri were found giving in detail the accounts of certain privates with stoppages in pay when they received new boots and leggings, etc. If at this point excavations were car- ried further, they would find an open court, which these offices faced, and also a further courtyard. They had not discovered much in the cellar, only a few roofing tiles, some of which have been reconstructed in the museum, and a few flue pipes, which also have been reconstructed. There were also three fragments of carved stone. It is hoped that there may be some more valua- ble finds in the other half of the cellar still unearthed. SOME SPEECHIFYING. The party, which by this time had as- sumed considerable dimensions, were now leaning over the rails which guarded the ancient Roman cellar, when the Colonel was observed to stealthily approach Mr Richard Jones (Pendinas) and Mr Hugh Lewis (Glanhafren) with a "Look here, you fellows on the County Council, are you go- ing to keep this ground sacred now ? There was a note of warning in the Colonel's interrogation, and both signified their assent-" because," added the Colonel drily, If you won't, I'll get the Arch- deacon to consecrate it on the spot now! The Colonel's reference to the Archdeacon inspired Dr Rees to remark that perhaps the Archdeacon might tell them a little bit about what had been done on that spot in 1901. i i Archdeacon Thomas said that archaeologi- cally speaking they owed a debt of gratitude to a former curate of Caersws—Mr Davies- who was on the spot when the railway was constructed, and, fortunately, he had an eye for antiquities, and in the 'Archaeologia Cambrensis' he had written an account of what he had found—mostly on the site of the railway station. At a later period, when the Cambrian Archaeological Society met at Newtown, under the presidency of Colonel Prvce-Jones, it had been decided by the club to determine the type of sta- tion. It was a small venture, but they were anxious to know to what type the camp belonged, and the late Mr Richard Williams and himself were put in charge They did not attempt much, and succeeded less, but they were satisfied that the ram- parts were not made of stone. Then Mr Williams died, and he (the Archdeacon) could not spare the time. Dr Rees, who was on the spot however, had a very keen eye to what was going on, and collected a private museum of his own, and which it was a pleasure to see, though kept in a bit of a muddle (laughter). It was the foundation, too, of a very considerable mu- seum. Now that it had been taken up seriously and scientifically by the Liverpool Association, they (the Powyslanders) were very glad to co-operate with them. They were very glad it had been submitted to the care of Professor Bosanquet, to whom they were much indebted. He hoped they would be able to enlist the support of the surrounding gentry. The whole place was covered with remains, if they could only get at them. He hoped the County Coun- cil would bear in mind that they were taking in their charge A TREASURE, and he hoped that the manner in which they took care of it would reflect to their credit. The Powysland Club, he hoped, would do something in this matter, and he thought they ought to appeal to their neigh- bours. He had the greatest pleasure in proposing a vote of thanks to Professor Bosanquet. The Colonel seconded in a bright, breezy speech. He would also like to include in the vote of thanks the Archdeacon himself, Mr Simpson Jones, Dr Rees, and Mr G. Eyre Evans. If it had not been for those gentlemen they would hardly know what valuables they had in the neighbourhood. He thought it would be nothing less than a crime if Montgomeryshire were to lose the opportunity of going into these excava- tions further. He thought the Powysland Club would communicate with the allied clubs, and take some steps in the matter. He thought if people would realize what a valuable nucleus there was of showing how people lived in this part of Wales 2,000 years ago, there would be sufficient people generous enough to subscribe to carry it out. He saw Mr Hugh Lewis there, and other friends whom he felt sure in their private capacity would all be glad to sub- 1 scribe with the Montgomeryshire societies in doing every justice to this gem. He had great pleasure in seconding that vote of thanks. WHAT COUNTY COUNCILLORS PROMISED. The Colonel's magnetic influence drew a speech from Mr Hugh Lewis, who wished to express his gratitude to Professor Bosan- quet for showing them such fine scenes. As vice-chairman, he fet sure that as a County Council they would be glad to keep those interesting remains in a state of preservation (hear, hear). He hoped that the appeal which the Archdeacon had made would be thoroughly carried out. He would suggest that the Powysland Club should make the first move and approach the County Council in the matter. It was the Colonel's nod which inspired Mr Richard Jones to tell the company that as a member of the County Council he could assure that large assembly that he was prepared to do his part to offer every c?1 y *° Prosecute these excavations, and oner every opportunity for having them preserved. He was a great believer in small holdings, and when Mr David Davies offered this piece of land to the County Council on very reasonable terms, he wel- comed the offer very warmly. He did not think at the time that they were to re- ceive such a treasure. Now he thought it was of more importance—much as he be- lieved in small holdings—to see that this place was duly opened up in the interests of archasology than to convert it into small holdings (hear, hear). They were in a neighbourhood where they could easily ob- tain land for small holdings, but rarely ,.f."lr1 .1" f ,.c \CVLHU uicv L-uiijc ctCIU;" ct all,, ui o great an interest to archaeology as Pendre. As a resident in the city, he had done his utmost to keep Caersws to the front, both educationally and otherwise,—(laughter)— and he promised to do his best now. The Rev D. Grimaldi Davis, D.D., con- sidered that they had been exceptionally fortunate that day in having the services of Professor Bosanquet, and he himself hoped that the work would be persevered with. He was glad to see that there were signs of a revival of art in Wales they had a glorious past to go back upon, and lie hoped that as this work went on it would make them more and more proud of their country. He, too, felt sure that the County Council would do all they could to support this. > A ROYAL COMMISSIONER'S OBSERVA- TIONS. The Colonel: With your permission, ladies and gentlemen, I should like to in- clude in our vote of thanks the name of our distinguished friend, Mr Edward Owen, secretary of the Royal Commission for the preservation of ancient monuments in Wales. The vote was then carried without musi- cal honours, but with the loud tapping of sticks upon the pailings. The last named recipient of the vote- Mr Edward Owen—spoke for the rest, though he did not think he would be in- cluded in the omnibus resolution of Colonel Pryce-Jones (laughter). It would be his duty and his pleasure to bring the gentle- men of the Royal Commission to the site which had been so admirably uncovered bv one of the Royal Commissioners. They would come there, and though it was not for him to adumbrate the opinions of that august body, yet he felt sure that they could not but feel pleased with the work which had been done, and they would not rest until it had been carried to a conclu-' sion. As to the preservation of the work, concerning which the members of the asso- ciation felt exceedingly keen, they would be greatly pleased to hear what leading men on the County Council of Montgomeryshire had said. While in one sense it was possi- ble for monuments of this kind to be handed over to the tender mercies of his Majesty's Government, yet it had been found that State preservation did not al- ways result in their being kept in the best way, and it would be more satisfactory for the local societies to establish a scheme. The commission would be very much more satisfied to see the work conducted to a suc- cessful termination by such authorities in conjunction with the Liverpool Club rather than being taken in hand by any Govern- ment department. Afterwards the visitors inspected the museum of excavated antiquities in the Village Hall, and in addition to the arti- cles enumerated previously, there were also to be found iron and bronze implements. fragments of glass, Samian and Upchurch ware, and a considerable amount of local pottery.
Welsh Congregationalists and…
Welsh Congregationalists and Disestablishment. At the Welsh Congregational Union on Tuesday the Rev C. L. Roberts, Liverpool, delivered a fighting speech in favour of Disestablishment. It was unfortunate for Wales, he said, that the Empire now claimed Mr Lloyd George and his services, but Wales must recognise that that was the case, and that they could no longer expect Mr Lloyd George to lead them in such a fight as they must now wage if they were going to assert their rights (hear, hear). He reiterated that Wales had no quarrel with Mr Lloyd George, but he emphasised the fact that Wales had a quarrel with somebody (applause). Wales had a just grievance against those Welsh members who were returned to the House of Commons to see that Welsh Disestablishment was given a promi- nent position among the legislative measures to be pushed through the House of Commons during the present Parliament (applause). Wales had cause to quarrel with those among the Welsh members who went down to the constituencies with pious injunctions to exercise patience (loud applause). Many such members would never have seen the inside of the House of Commons except from the Strangers' Gallery were it not for the disestablishment agitation in Wales (laughter and applause). These members must now be made to understand that Wales was in grim earnest. He believed in Nonconformist members represent- ing Nonconformist Wales, but he did not believe in Welsh members who thought Welsh Noncon- formist leaders could be bought with petty favours (applause). Since 1865 this question had been continuously to the front. Under every Tory Administration the Welsh members had been insistent in demanding that Welsh Dises- tablishment should be dealt with. He could not regard as honest Liberal members who pushed this question under a Tory Administration, but who would not push it with equal vigour and determination under a Liberal Government (loud applause). The following resolution was ultimately agreed to That this annual meeting of the Congregational Union expresses its keen regret and bitter disappoint- ment at the action of the Government in withdrawing the Welsh Disestablishment and Disendowment Bill after having repeatedly pledgeo themselves to carry it through all its stages in the House of Commons during the present session. It believes that these repeated breaches of definite pledges must tend to weaken the confidence of the country in those making such pledges. In particular the Union regrets that this measure, incorporating an act of long expected justice and which for forty years has secured patient 1 and unswerving loyalty to the Liberal party has been sacrificed in favour of a measure admittedly intended to placate a section of the House of Commons which has done its best to endanger the existence of the Government and which is largely re-ponsible for hav- ing placed upon Nonconformist Wales the oppressive yoke of educational injustice as well as for obstruct- ing the attempts made by the Government to remove that injustice. This Union further expresses its pro- found apprehension and deep dissatisfaction at the action of the majority of the Welsh members in con- senting to the repeated postponement of the fulfil- ment of the Government's pledges to Wa-es, and is fully convinced that while our Parliamentary repre- sentatives continue such a policy Wales cannot hope tc receive from this or any other Government that due consideration of her distinctive claims, nor that realisation of her national aspirations which she has a right to expect. This Union, therefore, calls upon the present representatives of Nonconformist Wales to be more faithful to their election pledges, and to combine to act together in order to ensure the highest and best interests of the Principality.
Advertising
TREFEGLWYS. IMPORTANT NOTICE.—A. H. Bennett, Draper, Caersws, attends room adjoiaing Red Lion Hotel, Trefeglwys, EVERY WEDNESDAY, from 12 till 6, with a good assc rtment of General Drapery Goods, at lowest town prices for cash.
O'R TWR.
O'R TWR. Y GOF. Chwythu'i dan chwibianu, Ei fyw don wna y gof du; Un liaw fegina, a'r Ilall Faluria'r glo fel arall: Wedi trefnu taclu'r tan, Ar bwynt allor ei bentan, T n MEWN hen gleddyf glas, Luniai lawer galanas, Gafaela y gof eil waith, Chwery ag ef cyn dechreu'r gwaith, Rhed ei fawd ar hyd ei fin Dewrfodd i brofi'r durfin Ffugia'r gwr yn filwr fod' Neu yn hen gadben hynod Areithia, bygythia'n gas I'w elynion alanas: Tna try tery e'n y tan, A chwyth yn gryfach weithian A gwreichion fflamgochion gant Drwy dorchau mwg draw dyrchant E' dyn allan o dan dig Ei ffwrn, dan ff rio'n ffyrnig, Yr hen gledd mawr iawn ei glod Yn y maes mewn ymosod A dwg ef yr adeg hon Yn wynias ar ei einion Ac mewn hwyl a'r morthwyl mawr, Esgud, a nerth grymus gawr, Fe'i cura nes a yn swch, Gywrain ei gwas'naethgarwoh, I aru 'r ddaiar iraidd, A thy' o hon wenith a haidd GWILTM HIRAETHOG, Diolch yn fawr i deulu caredig Plasdinam am yr hwb ychwanegol i'r Brifysgol yn Aberystwyth. Cynygir adeiladu yn rhodd neuaddfawr i giniawa gyda ystafelloedd eraill angenrheidiol er darparu myfyrwyr gydfyw f«l y gwnant vn Rhydychain a Chaergrawnt. Gofynir i awdur- dodau yr ysgol sicrhau tir ae hefyd ddarparu ystafelloedd i gysgu i'r drydedd ran ar hyn o bryd ac yn mhen tair blynedd i'r ail drydedd ac yn mhen chw^ch i'r oil, os ceir fod y cyullun yn gweitbio yn dda. Cyfrifir y bydd y draul am v neuadd, &c., yn £ 8,000. Llawenychaf fod hyn yn cael ei wneud er mwyn hyrwyddo addysgi&nt meibion Cymru. Enfawr yw y mantei-ion heddyw rhagor yr oeddynt. Hyderaf y gwna ein bechgyn a'n genethod ymddiofrydu i wneud y goreu o'r cyfleusderau roddir wrth eu Haw. Penderfynwch hyd y mae ynoch i gyrhaedd y lleoedd uchel. Mynwch fyned trwy b,b arholiad sydd ar eich ffordd gydag anrbydedd. Perthyna y safleoedd yn y dyfodol i'r rhai feddant dystysgrifau, graddau a phroSad. Nid llythyrau canmoliaeth oddiwrth hwn neu aran, eithr prawfion fod gwaith wedi ei wneud a medr wpdi ei ddangos, ddylanwada ar yr awdurdodau, ac a sicrha y penodiadau, Hyny yw fel y daw yn oleuach ar gyngorau a phwyll- g°IaU" V-,r P":soedd tywyll trwy ffafor y ceid saileoedd, ond ciSia v gaddug, daw yn oleuacb. a bydd yn rhaid i haeddiant gael ei le a'i hawl. Mae yna fachgen newydd wedi ei dderbyn i'r masnachdy haddyw," meddai'r masnachwr wrth ei wraig ar swper. Cyflogwyd ef ar gais y partner bvnaf, am ei fod yn credu v gwnai fachgen gwasanaethgar, oDd gwn y bydd allan o'r swyddfa cyn pen wythnos." "Pabam yr I ydych yn credu hyny?" "Am mai y peth cyntaf a ofynodd oedd pa faint o waith oedd iddo ef i'w wneud." Yn mhen tri diwrnod dywedodd wrth ei wraig, Am y Ilanc hwnw y soniais am dano, efs yw y gwr ieuanc goreu a dderbyniwyd erioed i'r ty." Sut y gwnaethoch y darganfyddiad ? Yn y ffordd rwyddaf yn y byd. Y diwrnod cyntaf, wedi iddo ddeall yn drwyadl ei waith, cyfiawnodd ef yn drwyadl ac yn iawn. Yna daeth ataf, a dywedodd, Yr wyf wedi gorffen y gwaith yna. Beth a gaf wneud nesaf? Synais at oi gwestiwn, a rhoddais ryw waith bychan iddo drachefn, ac anghofiiis bob peth yn ei gylch, nes y daeth drachefn gan ddweud. 'Yr wyf wedi gorffen syr, beth nesaf r' Dyma'r bachgen ddaeth i ofyn am ragor o waith. Yr wyf yn sier y llwydda." Ac felly y gwnaeth. I Fel yr oeddwn yn edrych dros wardiau yr Ysbytty heddyw, ac y gwelwn fod saith o ddeg yn ddyledus am ei ha.fhchyd i alcohol, nis grailwn bfcidio g-alaru na byduai y dysgu ar y mater yma yn fwy unioogyrchol, yu fwy pendant, ac yn fwy argyhoeddiadol nag y bu erioed. A allaf fi ddweyd wrthych mewn geiriau cryfach na hyn am effeithiau dychrynilyd y camddefnydd o alcohol. Pan y byddaf yn mnddwl am hyn oil byddaf yn teimlc awydd, fel y dywedais o'r blaen, i redeg i'r eithafion arall, rboddi i fyny fy ngalwedigaeth, rhoddi i fyny bobpeth, a myned allan ar groesgad sasctaidd, gam bregethu i bob dyn. Gwyliwch rhag y gelyn hton i'r hil ddynol.-Syr Andrew Clark, M.D. Cymerodd gweinidog unwaith gryn drafferth i ddysgu aelod anllythrenog i ddarllen ei Feibl. Llwyddodd, ond bu am dymor yn methu galw yn y bwthyn; pan y gwnaeth hyny drachefn nid oedd ond y wraig gartref. Gofynodd y gweinidog iddi, "Sut mae John? Sut y mae yn dyfod ymlaen a'r darllen P "Da .iawn, syr." "Ac y mae yn gallu darllen ei Feibl yn rhwvdd erbyn hyn debyg gen i ? « Beibl, syr! druan a chwi y mae ef allan o'r Beibl, ac yn y papur newydd er's llawei dydd." Y mae lie i ofni fod lliaws fel efe wedi myned allan o Air Duw i air dyn. Dyna paham y mae cynifer ° yn weiniaid yn ein plith. Os yw yr amser yn brin darllener y goreu. Pan oedd Dr Waddy yn pregethu unwaith, ar brydnawn poeth, trymaidd, yn ardal Rhydychain, yn nghanol prysurdeb y cynhauaf, yr oedd yr holl gynulleidfa wedi syrthio i gysgu. Arosodd y pregethwr, a gofynodd, A oes yma rywun yn effro ? A chan nad oedd neb yn ateb, disgynodd o'r pulpud yn ddystaw, ac allan ag ef, gan ryfeddu beth fyddai eu teimladau pan ddeffroent, a gweled fod v nresethwr w.,ii mmarl 1'- ff, TT__ft;.1. rf < n AJ-VAuu> \j LL rf c*±uu pregethai yn Aberhonddu a'r bobi yn dod i mewn yn ddiweddar; arosodd ar ganol y bregeth, a dywedai, "Y mae'n debyg mai arferiad y wlad yw parhau i ddyfod i mewn hyd nes y bydd yn bryd i fyn'd allan, maddeuweh i mi am fy mod mor anghyfarwydd a'r dull." Dywed Andronicus yn ei Adgofion (6351), Fe ddywedir na ddisgynodd cawod o wlaw wythnos Sassiwn y Bala am ddeugain mlynedd yn olynol. cynhelid hi yn nghanol Mehefin, ac felly tuag adeg dechreu ar y cynhauaf gwair. Digwyddodd un flwyddyn fod yn wanwyn a dechreu haf hynod o wlyb, fel ag yr oedd y gwair, yn enwedig yn ngweirgloddiau toreithiog Rhiwlas, yn hen barod i'r bladur, ond yr oedd ar y pen gwas ofn dechreu wrth weld y tywydd mor wlyb. Aeth at ei feistr yr hen Breis, a dywedodd ei gwyn, Mae hi vn amser dechre ar y gwair, mistar ond mae arna i ofn mae difetha wneiff o wedi ei dori ar dywydd felhwn." "Cer at Lewis Edwards," meddai yr henfoneddwr^agofyn iddo fo pryd mae sasiwn y Methodus yn dechreu." Atebai John," Ms,,e'i Sasiwn yn dechreu yr wythnos nesa, syr." Very well, techrwch chithe ar gwair, John, gweles i rioed moni glawio Sasiwn Methodus." Edrychwch i fyny. Y mae un ffordd nad yw hi byth yn cau. Edrycbwch i fyny Yn mhell uwch law y cymylau duoa y mae awyr las yn llewyrchu. Mae y ser yn gwenu i lawr fel cynt. Tu draw i'r oil y mae un Cyfaill mwy angbyf- newidiol, a chywirach nar oil yn gwylio'r cyfan, ac yn barod i'ch helpu chwi fel y dysgyblion gynt yn nghanol y dymhestl ar y mor. Cofiwch, y mae un ffordd yn agored o hyd, pan fydd pob un arall wedi cau. Y ffordd i fyny, trwy hon y daeth help i Daniel, i Paul, ac i fiioedd ar ei bol.-Herber. Gofynwyd i hen weinidog yn y Deheudir pa fodd yr oedd yn deall y geiriau." Esau y easeaU » Atebodd, "Ie, nid ydych yn deall yr adnod vn» Nid wyf finau yn ei deall. Ond nid yn yr un Jmn yr wyf fi yn methu a chwi. Nid wyf fi VQQ un tipyn iddo gasau Esau. Yr hyn svdd vn ft nyrysu I yw, meddwl iddo erioed garu Jacob Dywed y Parch J. H. Williams K Bo'r Goron." Fy nghyngor i i'm cyfeillion I iddynt ddarllen pob llyfr cenhadol fach a £ y cant afael arno, a chofio ma:' unit* bodolaeth yr eglwys yw lledaenu yr EfeL^T"1 wyneb yr holl fyd. Na chafodd yr eJwlPl 1 y fath gyfleusderau i ledaenu yr Efen JTo'r a gall anfon ei cWhadon i bJb rhan o dair o Bagaaiaid y ddaL to lj.7d. raeth umongyrchol gwledydd Cristionogol. I GWTLIWB.