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______! I■ [NOTES AND COMMENTS.
[NOTES AND COMMENTS. The Court of Alderney has passed an ordinance prohibiting cigarette smoking by young boys. I The number of new cases of small pox j in London on Saturday and Sunday showed a diminution. But there was an increase again on Monday. Since August there has been about 3,000 cases and nearly 600 of the patients have died. The disease has made its appearance at Dewsbury, Chester, and Birmingham, and on Thursday a steamer arrived in the Mersey from Boston with fourteen cases on board. Over 10,000 persons have been re-vaccinated at Swansea. The question of watering the streets of Manchester with sea water instead of fresh water, in consequence of the greater humi- dity it affords in summer, is to be discussed by the Waterworks Committee. At the Llanilar Petty Sessions last week a young man was sent to prison for a month for stealing E50 from Frongoch Mines. It was stated by the defence that the young man had been living beyond his means at Pontrhydygroes, and was too fond of society. Our readers will see by our Aberayron news that the public men of that town have a funny way of amusing themselves during the winter months. Possibly mindful of Watts' words that "Satan finds a mis- chief still for idle hands to do," they give them employment by trimming ladies' hats. We shall expect them to go in for crinolines next time. On Tuesday a well-attended meeting held at Carmarthen in connection with the National Association for the Prevention of Consumption resolved to request the lords- lieutenant of Carmarthenshire and Cardi- ganshire to convene county meetings for the election of represertatives to serve on the committee of the West Wales sub-branch of the association. The Bishbp of Peterborough has with- drawn his name from thA list of patrons of a church bazaar in Northampton at which in- toxicating drink was advertised to be sold. It is amusing to note that in the official handbook of the bazaar there is printed a side-face photograph of his lordship, who is shown gazing at a full-page advertisement of the Northampton Brewery Company, Ltd. Mr F. Cawley, M.P., speaking of the pro- posed legislation with regard to clubs, said he did not think well-conducted clubs need fear anything that 'was likely to take place. There were so-called clubs that were mere drinking places, and in regard to them legis- lation was necessary. Some clubs were formed for the sake of providing drink at times when the publican could not provide it, and it was time something was done to stop the practice. We know of nothing that can tend to do more to ameliorate the lot of the working class, and in fact to brighten every home, than the acquisition of a scientific knowledge of the laws of health, with special reference to the treatment of cases of sickness. The series of lectures given at Machynlleth by a member of the National Health Society, under the auspieces of the Aberystwyth College, were an unqualified success, having been attended by nearly 800 people during the six evenings. According to the analysis made by the Liberation Society of the division on Mr William Jones's resolution in favonr of Dis- establishment in Wales on Tuesday evening, the motion was supported by (including tellers) 78 English Liberals, 28 Scotch, 21 Welsh (not including Monmouthshire), 51 Irish Nationalists, and one English Union- ist (Sir M. Fostei-)-179. The opposition to the motion was composed of (includiug tellers) 187 English, Scotch, Welsh, and Irish Conservatives, and 33 English, Scotch, and Irish Unionists—220. Machynlleth has made some splendid strides of late in its public improvements, and the new premises of the Board School, which are now building, will prove a welcome addition to the town as well as an inestim- able boon to the rising generation. The buildings are situated in a pleasant spot in a central position, and it is to be hoped that it will not be long before an entrance to its site can be eflected from the main street. Such anapproach would unquestionably prove of great advantage to the town generally. A man pleaded guilty at the Lincoln Police Court on Tuesday to sending on two dates five postcards through the post con- taining words of an offensive character. The cards were addressed to Mr Labouchere and had reference to his attitude on the war. The magistrates imposed a fine of 50s in each case, and expressed the opinion that it was intolerable that public men should be an- noyed with such communications as the de- fendant had posted. The prosecution was undertaken by the Postmaster General. Our contemporary is as full of braggadocio as ever. Last week he said We know all about the Act of Parliament about rates." What a pity the Government cannot secure the services of this gascon, and dispense with the Railway Commissioners, who are so often perplexed because they do not, and possibly cannot," know all about the Act of Parliament about rates." As will be seen from our report of the Board of Guardians this week, our contemporary has utterly failed to grasp the statistics of local affairs, to say nothing of knowing all about the railway rates." Thales is not the only man who stumbled in the mud at his feet while trying to gaze at the stars. In the Birmingham County Court on Tuesday a solicitor's clerk brought an action against the Birmingham Liberal Association to recover five shillings-the price he had paid for two tickets of admission to Mr Lloyd-George's meeting in the Birmingham Town Hall. On arriving at the hall he presented a ticket to a police officer who ap- peared to be in charge of one of the vesti- bules, but the officer said his instructions were to admit no one, and he accordingly turned him away. The Judge said the plaintiff's remedy-if he had ene-was against the individual who had sold him the ticket and refused to allow him to take ad- vantage of it. The plaintiff had failed to prove that the Association had anything to do with his being obstructed The action would be dismissed. Mr J. I.loyd Morgan, MP., will earn the gratitude of a large section of the public if he can succeed in securing some reform- however slight—in the present stereotyped method of summoning juries. In the House of Commons on Monday, Mr Lloyd Morgan asked the Home Secretary whether he was aware of the fact that during the Assizes just concluded for five counties in South Wales there was in three of the counties no work for the common jurv and that at least 144 roen were Summoned to serve oh the common jury for those three counties, when there were no civil or criminal cases for them to try; whether, seeing that the High Sheriff for a county or borough was not empowered where there was no case to be tried two days before the date fixed for the holding of the Assizes to give the juv)rs summoned notice that they need not attend he would consider the question of amending the law to enable High Sheriffs to do so; wbether, having regard to the circumstances of the class to which jurors often belong, he would consider the question of introducing legislation to provide for the payment of their expenses. Mr Ritchie in reply, said he was aware of the inconvenience sometimes caused to jurors by their being summoned when no occasion arose for their services, and the question of the payment of their expenses had also been under consideration Lu, he did not see his way to introduce logislatioa to deal with these matters. In the House of Commons on Thursday Mr Lloyd Morgan brought in a Bill to prohibit clerks of Petty Sessional Divisions of counties from undertaking the prosecution of persons committed for trial by justices of such Petty Sessional Divisions. The Bill was read a first time. Maturer examinations has, we are glad to find, shown that there is no ground for any alarm respecting fhe reported case of small pox at Eglwysfach. We can well understand the difficulty that medical men must needs experience in diagnosing diseases which, fortunately, are extremely rare in our days and all who have any regard for the public health should duly appreciate the precautions they have to take, however circumspect. It is to be r egretted that the inordinate haste of some penny-a-liner should have given un- (lue publicity to this case before its nature had been determined by the medical men them- selves. —————— The Executive of the Manchester and Salford Temperance Union have unanimously adopted a petition to the Houses of Parlia- ment, in which they express their hearty approval of the Licensing Bill of his Majesty's Government, embodying, as it does, such much-needed reforms as the prohibition of clerks to the justices from acting profes- sionally for brewery companies or as solicitors to licensed victuallers' protection societies, the requiring that occasional licences may only be granted in open court and by not less than two justices, that justices shall have absolute control over the grant of grocers' licences, that licensed persons shall be prohibited from harbouring or serving those who have been notified as habitual drunkards, and that proof of habitual drunkenness shall entitle a husband or wife to judicial separation, that intoxicants shall not be sold in clubs unless the club has been registered by the clerk to the justices, that all offences against the Licensing Acts shall be recorded and considered by the justices at brewster sessions. The petitioners, be- lieving that all the aforesaid amendments of the Licensing Acts are urgently needed, well conceived, and calculated to deal effectively with the intemperance which has so long enfeebled our Commonwealth, earnestly pray the Houses to pass the Bill through all its stages before the close of the present session. At the Annual meeting of the Shropshire Chamber of Agriculture, Mr Fielden, M.P., opened a discussion on the question of rural depopulation, and asserted that the want of educational falicities in rural districts, of proper housing accommodation, and low wages were among the causes of it. While he did not think any remedy from the Legislature could be expected at present, he believed that the agriculturists might do something for themselves. Security of tenure he deemed necessary for the country working man, who was now in many instances too much dependent on the parson or the country squire. Something more than 15s a week ought to be offered him to go back to the land if he could earn 15s a week in the town. To bring about this he suggested a system of piecework among farm workers, which in some parts, he stated, answered very well to both sides, and farmers, he thought, might be able to give higher wages in this way by keeping fewer men and introducing on their farms gangs of workmen for the busy season.—Mr Home (of Shifnal) stated that urban inhabitants in many parts were feel- ing the clot" in our national circulation of population as much as agriculturists themselves. However he, for one, had hope for the marvellous vitality of the agricultural industry, and suggested as a remedy for "the present condition of the pursuit better wages, the establishment of small holdings, security of land tenure, and freedom from obsolete customs pertaining to agriculture. 0 Mr D. A. Thomas is maintaining his position as one of the most itetire of' the Welsh members. He is determined to press his opposition to the Board of Trade as a Government Department with the view of substituting for it a Ministry of Industry and Commerce. The constitution of the Board as it stands at present is, in his opinion, obsolete, and the well-being'of the Empire requires that the interests of its industry and commerce shall be administered by a State Department under the supervision and direction of a Minister having the status of a Principal Secretary. His notice of motion on this point stands first on the paper for Wednesday, the 5th of March, but it is, of course, very doubtful whether it can be introduced on that date. The Nantwich magistrates were occupied for a considerable time on Monday hearing applications for music licences. The Urban District Council have recently adopted part 4 of the Public Health Act, regulating music in licensed houses. It was stated on behalf of seven applicants that musical evenings had been allowed in Nantwich for many years. The applicants thought that the musical attractions would diminish drinking. An applicant said that if there were no music the customers would drink more and become quarrelsome. When music was provided customers got elevated in themselves and got higher thoughts. (Laughter.) Another applicant said that singing and music in public-houses lessened the tendency to drinking.—Dr Monro, a magstrate, asked why publicans were so anxious about musie and singing if they made less money by piovidirig these additional attractions.—An applicant said that great quiet was observed, and that it was better for publicans to take less money than to have policemen constantly visiting them.-The police opposed the appli- cations, which were all refused.
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ideatb of Sir Griffith euans,…
ideatb of Sir Griffith euans, Cooesgroce. THE news of the death of Sir GRIFFITH EVAKs, of Lovesgrove, will be received with profound regret throughout his native county of Cardigan, as well as throughout the vast Empire of India, where he had spent the greater part of his life-distin- guished alike for its wide culture and that rare and intense devotion te duty, which won him an honoured place among the coun- cils of the nation. His death-occurring as it did so soon' after his retirement from active life in India-is the more regrettable as it deprives his native county of services, that it would be but legitimate to hope, would prove inestimable in more than one department of life. Though so much abroad, he was an enthusiastic Welshman, and was more than once afforded the privi- lege and opportunity of taking an active part in some of the most memorable events in the history of the county-notably in the conflict between the Standing Joint Police Committee and the Court of Quarter Ses- sions in the early nineties, when his legal knowledge and sound judgement proved a material contribution to lessen the friction between the old and the new order of things, and to smooth the path of the County Coun- cil-which was then but in its infancy, and without that solid foundation begotten of i experience. In India he gained the con- fidence and respect of the judges before whom he practised for it was a recognised fact that he never attempted to mislead the Court; he was also acknowledged to be one of the ablest members of the Legislative Council, which office he filled under suc- cessive Viceroys for a period of nearly twenty years. In recognition of his many public services he was, in the summer of 1892, created a Knight Commander of the Indian Empire. Elsewhere we give a short biographical sketch of the deceased knight, with tributes to his memory from the Principal of the University College of Wales aud from the Clerk of the Peace and of the Lieutenancy for the County of Cardigan-
♦' LIGHT RAILWAYS FOR CARDIGANSHIRE.
♦ LIGHT RAILWAYS FOR CARDIGANSHIRE. ELSEWHERE we give a full report of an important meeting of the Cardiganshire County Council, from which it will be seien that the prospects of having the sea board of the county opened up by a railway system feem to have suffered a check, owing to a difficulty which the promoters of the pro- posed line have had with the Treasury. It is to be hoped that the difficulties now experienced will be overcome, and that the Treasury may yet find a way of lending its assistance so that what, we feel sure, is the common hopes of thousands in the affected district as well as the project of the pro- moters need hot be abandoned. Whatever may be the interpretation of the letter of the law it cannot, we think, be gainsaid that few, if any, districts in the Kingdom are more deserving of the benefits of the Act and of the generous consideration of the Trea&ury. With a view to retarding the rapid migration ef the rural population to tha large centres of industry, and serious depression in agriculture, an Act called the Light Railways Act was passed in 1896. This Act provided that a sum of money amounting altogether to about a million and a half sterling should be voted to- wards theconstruction of railways in sparsely populated districts where private enterprise could not be expected to venture. Since the passing of the Act sums of money have been voted by the Treasury in about thirty instances towards the construction of railways in various parts of the countrya.; and as was pointed out at the last meeting of the County Council a more desiring case of assistance than that of the proposed Aberayron Railway could not possibly be presented to the Treasury. The physical nature of the country between Aberystwyth and New Quay is such that a full-gauge railway could not be constructed between the two points at a cost which could bring in return any compensation to the promoters. For this reason, the promoters of the Aberayron Railway decided to con- struct their proposed line on the narrow gauge principle. With the red-tapeism which seems to be inseparable from the Departmental Offices of the State, the Treasury however refuse assistance to the local line because it is not made at the higher cost. Excepting the question of the gauge, the promoters appear to have satisfied all the requirements of the Treasury, and if one may judge from what is being done on the section of lines now under construction between Aberystwyth and Devil's Bridge, by the same promoters it is hard to under- stand what can be lacking. This nenv narrow gauge line is being equipped with the most modern appliances so a.dapted as to meet the requirements of the district it seeks to serve in the best manner possible. In France, railways of the narrow gauge type have been constructed by the Government all over the country. III Ireland also large sums of money have been spent by the Gov- j ernment to facilitate the construction of Railways, and what is worthy of. note is, that in numerous instances Railways built on the broad gauge principle have had to be converted to narrow gauge owing to the en- ormous expense incurred in maintaining them. A c-ise in point is that of the Done- gal Railway. Much might be said in favour of uniformity; but on the over hand it would be foolhardy to recklessly forfeit the ( experience supplied by Donegal. When the country suffers from a "[clot" in the popula- tion it cannot, any more than the human body, be properly and efficiently opened up by the larges arteries alone. Mr D. C. ROBERTS, as is his wont,dealt with the matter at the County Council in a ttatesmanlike manner. Mr ROBERTS pointed out that the present difficulty arose owing to the fact that the Treasury were unable to make a. free grant towards the Light Railway unless it were constructed and worked by- an existing Railway. It was proposed to con-; struct and work the extension to Aberayron by the Vale of Rheidiol Light Railway, but, unfortunately, the Treasury were not able to recognise the Vale of Rheidol within the meaning of the Act, and an existing railway was understood to be an ordinary gauge railway. We have, however, searched the several clauses of the Act in vain for such a provision. Clause 5 (1) reads as follows:— Where it is certified to the Treasury by the Board of Agriculture that the making of any light railway under this Act would benefit Agriculture in any district, or by the Board of Trade that by the making of any such railway a necessary means of communication would be established between a fishing harbour or fishing village and a market, or that such' railway is necessary for the development of or maintenance of some definite industry, but that owing to the exceptional circumstances of the district the railway would not be constructed without special assistance from the State, and the Treasury are satisfied that a railway company existing at the time will construct and work the rail- way if an advance is made by the Treasury under this section, the Treas- ury may, subject to the limitation of this Act as te the amount to be ex- pended for the purpose of special advances, agree that the railway be aided out of public money by a special advance under this section." j There does not seem to be anything in this against narrow gauge; and if the proposed railway can be constructed on the narrow gauge principle without violating either the spirit or the letter of the Act, it is to be hoped the local authorities will take further steps and give the project all the support they can until a light railway to Aberayron be an accomplished fact. The County Council has done all that it could be reason- ably expected to do, and if the promoters cannot see their way clear to proceed with the scheme, and succeed in securing aid from the Treasury, it will not be for want of interest on the part of the County Council. Even if the present scheme to extend the Vale of Rheidol Railway to Aberayron will have to be abandoned, we are not without hope of seeing another scheme promoted in the near future-and one that will command a. more general sup- port. This scheme, as Mr. MORGAN EVAXS pointed out, should have for its object the extension of the line to New Quay, and thenee across the country to Newcastle Emlyn.
I Golf: Its Prospects.
I Golf: Its Prospects. Th e coming season (says a writer in the Daily Telegraph") promises to be exceptionally inifty, esting and successful, and in the year of the cojo- nation of King Edward VII. it is fitting that this should be the case, for golf is a royal game, and the King learned to play it at Edinburgh many years ago. The season may be said to commence with :be inter-univemty match between Oxford and Cambridge. It will probably be held rather earlier than usual this year. Tuesday, March 18th has be. n mentioned as a likely date, and though the Oxford team is not so strong as that which won easily in 1901, it will probably be equal to the task of beating Cambridge, whose represent- cj^^j rig somewhat lacking in experience The amateur chair^nsbip uegmti êt ifgylake on April 2M, and if the report be CoMVcit that Mr W. J. Travis, ibg American amat^ rr champion, intends to comptfe, the meeting will gain additional interest from his presence. Then, for the first year in the history of golf. we are to have an International match between Scotland and England, and whichever side wins the struggle will be excitinsr in a high degree. Doubtless the loseis will accept their defeat without trying to excuse it. There is some prospect abo of a match between Scottish and English profes- sionals being arranged in connection with the open championship. The ladies' tournament is to be held, not 011 i he classic green of St as had been hoped, but at Deal, and the date of its commence- ment has been provisionally fixed for May 27th. It will be remembered that last year Miss Graham a sister of the well-known Hoylake player, defeated the holder. Miss Kiiona Adair, in the final, after a hard-fought game. On that occasion there were seventy-two competitors, of whom fifty-nine were English, ten hailed from Erin's Isle, while Scotland had only three representatives. It is to be hoped that Scottish ladies will come forward more freely this year. as the preponderance of the Englvik elenjent tends to deprive the meeting of its inter- national character. If they enter, one of the Misdes Wigham should have a great chance of success. Both at Westward Ho and Aberdovey they wow unfortunate to lose when victory seemed willft their grasp.