Welsh Newspapers
Search 15 million Welsh newspaper articles
10 articles on this Page
l .. ANTI-VIVISECTIONISTS…
l ANTI-VIVISECTIONISTS AT BARMOUTH. ANNUAL MEETING OF THE NORTH WALES UNION. The first annual meeting in connection with the branch formed in North Wales of the Anti- Vivisectionists Society, was held at the Masonic Hall, Barmouth, on Friday afternoon. Mr. Lloyd Price, J.P. (Rhiwlas), presided over a good atten- dance, which included Miss Frances Power Cobbe, Miss Jackson, Mrs. Price (Rhiwlas), Mrs. Edwards (Dolserau Hall, Dolgelley), Capt. Bailey (Tanllan, Dolgelley), Rev. W. Owen (Llanylltyd), Rev. Ernest Jones (the rector of Barmouth), Mrs. Talbot (Treffryn), Mr. and Mrs. Blakey (Barmouth). Mrs. Evans (Talarfor), Mr- and Mrs. iCattermole (Dolgelley), Councillor John Davies (Dyffryn), &c. The chairman intimated that letters expressing regret at inability to attend had been received from Miss Gwyneth Vaughan, Rev. Hugh Price Hughes (London), Rev. Z. Mather,&c. Proceeding to open the proceedings, the chairman expressed pleas-; ure at seeing so many subscribers and supporters present. He was glad to be able to say that the success of the society had been very great, but he Beed not allude to that aspect, as it would be dealt with by the senior secretry. They in Wales, for- tunately, had not such an arduous task before them as they in the North of England and in London, for Wales was comparatively free from the crime of vivisection (applause.) Their ranks had been morej in the nature of a reserve force to be brought for- ward, if necessary, in order to supplement the fighting ranks in other parts of the country. Fighting was going on with the greatest possible vigour. They had read in the newspapers of the meetings that had taken place day after day in the North of England. He was glad to see that the working-men, the backdone, and sinew of the country, had taken up the subject; and were forcing it to the front (hear, hear). Modern civilization tolerated the killing of men in war and the legal execution of :criminals; but many other modes of torture peculiar to the dark ages had been swept away, and how ? Not by legis- lative measures,Jbut entirely through public opinion. What the people willed Parliament had to do. They would strengthen their cause much more by fighting it on the platform than by appealing to the members of Parliament, who would never listen to any reason whatever unless it had something to do with their seats. Having called attention to the starting of the new organ of the Society, The Abolitionist," the Chairman went on to point out the increase in the number of deaths caused by diseases which had been supposed to be curable by means of vivisection. The increase was about double what they were before these means were employed. Once they had grasped, this fact he thought even the medical profession would see that they were on the wrong track. He quoted from a pamphlet written by an eminent French scientist on Pasteurism." The writer gave statistics which showed that during the few years in which the Pasteur institute had existed, the number of deaths arising from the cause alluded to, instead of de- creasing, were exactly doubled. In conclusion he congratulated the North Wales Branch on the rapid strides it had made owing to the efficient service rendered by the energetic secretary and the other officers, to whom they should accord their heartiest thanks.—(Applause). Miss Blanche Atkinson (Hon. Secretary), then read the report which was as follows :—The first Welsh Anti-Vivisection Society was founded in Barmouth on June 23rd, 1898, and now numbers. "290 members. Subscriptions for the year now, ended have been received amounting to zE80 6s. 4d. The expenses have been chiefly incurred in printing and distributing literature on the subject of Vivisection—the first work of this Society being to make known in Wales the terrible cruelties involved in experiments on animals. It is hoped that a sound and intelligent public opinion will thus be gradually created; and the Committee earnestly desires that every member may feel pledged to help forward this work-not only by money but by: moral and practical support. The Committee has to record two losses during the past twelve months. Mrs. Ashmore resigned her post when she left the neighbourhood, but is still a friend and subscriber. The deeply-regretted death of Lieut. Col. St. Clair is an irreparable loss to our Society. Shortly before the sad event occurred he had sent an additional subscription and his zeal, interest and judgment were an inv aluable help to the cause. The Committee is glad to state that a South Wales Branch has been formed under the presidentship of Lady Windsor. The original Section will for the future be known as the N. Wales Section." The new organ of our parent Society- The Abolitionist "-affords information concerning the work of all the Branches of the British Union. It will appear on the 15th of each month, and can be obtained either through local booksellers or from the office of the Union-20, Triangle Street, Bristol. Annual Subscription, 2s.: by post, 2s. 6d. Each number of The Abolitionist" will contain 8 or 12 pages of letterpress, and a cartoon by :M:r. Cecil Aldin. This artist's name, and the contribu- tions of such eminent writers as Mr. William Watson, Mr. Blackmore, and the Bishop of Durham ensure both literary and artistic distinction for the new periodical. AH members of the Branch are invited to become annual subscribers to the Abolitionist," which cannot be distributed gratis. In consequence of the illness of the Hon. Sec. last winter, a Secretary was appointed and has greatly helped forward the work of the branch. During the past twelve months three pamphlets translated into Welsh have been widely circulated; and 10,000 new leaflets printed. Besides these, selected parcels of literature are constantly sent to enquirers from all parts of Wales. The essay in the Welsh language, which was awarded the first prize at the Barmouth Eisteddfod, will be shortly published in the Cymru," and afterwards in pamphlet form. A circular letter appealing for interest and support has been sent to all the Clergy and Nonconformist Ministers throughout Wales. The expenses of Mr. Williams' lecturing tour in North Wales were largely defrayed by Miss Cobbe, Mrs. Rathbone also made a special donation to this object. Nine public meetings have been held, and well-attended and it is to be hoped that during the coming winter further efforts will be made in this direction, in country districts. In order to carry on such work, ample funds are necessary, and will—the Committee trusts-be generously supplied. Miss Atkinson went on to say that the receipts amounted to £80 8s. Id.; the balance at the bank was iEl9 11s. 3d., and the cash in hand of the treasurer, P,3 10s. 10d. The past twelve months, (she continued) had been chiefiy sowing time." They must wait for the harvest, but she did not think they would have to wait long before they, had an abundant one (hear, hear). They had got, -so many members and received so much money,: but that was not all they had done. Seed-sowing did not produce immediate results, but the know- ledge they had already spread was producing a harvest. To-day there were hundreds of people in Wales who, a year ago, did not know what the: word "vivisection" meant, but to-day they were, making up their minds as to whether it was right; or wrong, from one end of Wales to the other. An appeal had been sent by them to the ministers of religion to help them to put a stop to an abomin- able evil (hear, hear). They had many letters of sympathy, and asking for information; she need hardly say how gladly that information was given. The one thing needed to abolish vivisection was that the great mass of people should know what it was (applause). Her own belief was that there -were people who would rather face death than -that they should have cures for diseases at the cost of doing wrong (hear, hear). They must all agree rthat it was a wrong—a sin against God and a gainst mankind—a mean, cowardly cruelty (applause). knowledge was the one thing to abolish it. They -]),ad spent the money given to them in letting in "light on this dark, horrible business. As was said of old, so let them say to-day Let there be light" —physically, morally, and intellectually. What they needed was sympathy, which was the very soul of such a society. She would rather have sympathy without the shillings than the shillings without the sympathy; but at the same time they wanted both the sympathy and the shillings (tear, hesrr, and applause). 'It was the will of the people that would abolish vivisection. Even woEeen, who had no votes, could do something. They were not fighting a losing cause, it was a winjsang cause, because they were fighting for te right (hear, hear). It was right to show mercy, and exercise justice towards the weak, and if they believed in God Almighty, maker of all things, they roust believe to the justice of this crusade (applause). Councillor John Da'tfies, in moving the adoption j of the report, congratulated the Society upon the stride made during the year. He remembered the meeting held 12 months ago, when he was con- verted. He ,had read aut vivisection before that. but had beem in doubt to how to justify the means to attain the end in Tiew but the meeting a I ,entirely turned him to the side of the anti-vivi- i Aicctioniste. A good sign oftlbe work doae by the Society wag that it had caused consternation in the enemy's cam,p. He alludeo, to the agitation in Liverpool, and to a statement made by Dr. Church, an eminent visisectsonist, to the effect that the first object of the medical profession was a desire for knowledge, a desire to investigate the mysteries of iiatire. That was the very thing he had found vivisectionists to have in view, and that they could trace to selfishness. They could trace these cruel experiments these bloody practices, •to selfishness. Dr. Stables, in the current number of the Abolitionist," said that he was not number .of the" Abolitionist," said that he was not afraid to aver that 10 per cent, of thesevivisection- ists had not a particle of truth in them, but they wanted to feed their desire for fame (hear, hear). Mr. Davies then made a few remarks in Welsh. Speaking in Welsh, he humourously remarked, bad A a greater effect upon the Welsh people (laughter), because it was a far more expressive language (laughter and hear, hear). He would deal with the moral aspect of the question in Welsh, not that he believed the Welsh people to love morality more than Englishmen, but they had a keener sense of it (laughter). He enlarged on the proposition that it was man's instinct to help the weak, and, in con- clusion, said that he had no faith in legislation to eradicate such an evil as this. Let them rouse the public conscience—appeal to man's innermost nature (applause). Rev. William Owen seconded the adoption of the report, which was agreed to. Rev. Ernest Jones moved the re-election of the Officers and Committee. Every good work, and especially a public crusade, depen- ded very largely for its success upon a hard- working, energetic committee; and the soul of a committee was usually its secretary. The officers had shown during the year that they thoroughly deserved the society's confidence, and they could not do better than re-elect them to carry on the good work that they had commenced so suc- cessfully. He was, like Mr. Davies, a recent convert, and be was one of those who needed a good deal to convince him. One argument that appealed forcibly to him was this-that the practice was a useless cruelty (hear, hear). Some said that vivisection was not cruelty. The medical profession was somewhat undecided on it. One medical man told the Royal Commission that it was not cruelty, as the animal did not feel the pain; but another stated that if the animal did not feel the pain the experiment was useless. If there was to be any scientific result-aiiy addition to medical know- ledge, it depended entirely as to whether the poor, dumb creature suffered by being experimented upon. But he would take a higher ground. This carrying of torture to the position of a science and making it a fine art-could they estimate the moral effects of it? It must make young men feel a pleasure in pain. If a certain drug had a certain effect upon an animal, it did not follow that it would have the same effect upon a man. One great result of the practice would be that it would de- velope the selfish side of man's nature. On the Continent they were extending the practice to human beings. The society had nothing to be dis- heartened about, as they were on the side of righteousness, of true light, and all unprejudiced people would support them. Proceeding, the rev, gentleman said he would now turn into Welsh, for although when he came to technical terms he found that language deficient, on ,the higher ground of humanity, religion, and sympathy for their fellow- men, they could adequately express themselves in the old mother tongue. He argued that the prac- tice was cruelty, that the knowledge accruing from it was not enough to justify it; and that it led to experiments being tried on human beings. Miss Harrison, in seconding the motion, remarked that she had carefully studied the question as a nurse, and could say that no experiment had been shown to be beneficial, the drugs having different effects; there was no surgical operation that had been initiated or developed by which any human subject benefited. All that one need know in medi- cal science one could learn from the human body when diseased. The course of a disease in an animal was different, and doctors could have quite enough material to go upon in hospitals without having recourse to vivisection, which was totally unnecessary, and which ought to be put down by public opinion (applause). The proposition was put and carried with ac- clammation. The Rector of Barmourh moved: That this meeting approves of the policy of and pledges itself to support the British Union for the abolition of vivisection." He remarked that the promoters and supporters of the policy of the Union were to be warmly congratulated on the great progress that had been made in the propagation and acceptance of these principles maintained by them. The sec- tion formed at Barmouth 12 months ago was the the first in Wales. Like all real reforms it had to combat with two foes-ignorance and bigotry. He did not know of an instance in the history of any movement for reform in which these two foes had not figured. Some people would not know. These two foes appeared very early on their battlefield in the form of anonymous letters in the local press. They remained anonymous for Jprudential reasons; they might have dreaded the exposure of their ignorance, which they must have felt they had. They met with a well-merited castigation, and an ignominious defeat, thanks to the President of the Weslh Union, Miss Cobbe (applause). The Welsh section to-day numbered 296 members, and it was increasing in power and influence, and going for- ward in its pioneer work with an ardour and resolu- tion that showed they were thoroughly convinced of the worthiness and the goodness of the cause (hear, hear). The section had been the means of encouraging the establishment of a similar section in South Wales, for which they had enlisted the sympathy and support of prominent leaders in all classes of Society in South Wales. It was to be hoped that they in North Wales would not rest on their oars, or be satisfied with their present laurels, but that they would do their utmost to work North Wales to such a degree of enthusiasm as would carry conviction to those responsible for the legislation of the country. The propa- ganda must be carried on until every county and every town had its section. Another sign of progress had been the establishment of the abolitionist." They most appear in the press, because it was the interpreter of men's thoughts; and still another sign of advance was that they were going to have a medical lecturer. The rev. gentleman went on to allude to a meeting held in St. James' Hall, London, which he attended, and where a speaker stated that in ten years the licenced vivisectionists in this country had in- creased from 75 to 224,and the experiments on living animals bad increased from 1,069 to 8,800. He asked his hearers, as people of common sense, could it be necessary that in the interest of curing human beings, 8,800 living animals should be put to torture and death annually ? He did not think there was one present who in his calmer moments would say that it was necessary (applause.) They would not stop with animals, but would extend their operations to human beings, even in this country. The "Christian World reported a case in Germany where dangerous operations were performed simply to give surgeons experience, and many cases ended fatally:; 80 cases were cited where children between the ages of eight and fifteen were inoculated with contagious disease for experimental purposes." It was so that the biologists and physiologists attached to hospitals were the sinners, but let doctors show pluck and come forward as a body, and eschew the practice. A great many of these doctors would tell them privately that they had not'the slightest sympathy with vivisection, but prudential causes keep them back. Let them come forward and say what they knew to be the case. It was not only scientific men that understood the .question, the ordinary layman understood it thoroughly. As a result of the London meeting it was decided that the branches formed thoughout the country should be formed into one great federation for the abolition of vivisection. Vivisection was a sin, a grievous abominable sin; and sin was the trangression of the law, and the law was the attributes of God Himself, and God was love, and torture was a gross violation of love.—(applause). Mr. Shenton, the South Wales delegate, then spoke. It will be a serious thing for us," he said, "when they begin to experiment upon us, because it is not likely that they will start upon them- selves."—(applause). The speaker dwelt on the progress that Shad attended the crusade in South Wales, andgcontended that as soon as the evils of vivisection were thoroughly known, they would enlist the.-sympathy of the whole population. The resolution, moved by the Rector, was then put and carried unanimously. Dr. Hughes, in moving a vote of thanks to the speakers, which was heartily carried, remarked that he had often heard of converts to, but never of deserters from, their cause; and lie hoped that at the meeting next year, instead of having two converts as speakers, they would have a dozen.— (hear, bear). A cordial vote was also aacorded the chairman, on the motion of the Rector of Barmouth. The chairman in acknowledging the compliment, remarked that every one of the speakers harped upon one topic, Let there be more light," and it was only fitting, therefore, that they should have secured the services of a competent lecturer, who could not be taunted with knowing notMaag about it," as their laymen often were. The chairman incidentally observed that it was a pity women of culture, refinement and experience of the world as Miss Cobbe and Miss Atkinson did not have the Parliamentary vote. It was a palpable anomaly that an ignorant coal miner should have a voice in the Government of the country, when highly intelligent women were debarred, especially as the coal miner voted exactly as his wife told him to and hear, hear.) The meeting then ended.
! BORTIL
BORTIL THE .SEASON AND ITS PIROSPECTs.-Borth has now a fell supply of good water, this is a great boon to life place, as for many years there was a scarcity during the summer. Every year makes this pla.ee snore popular, not with the class of visitor who requires the stimulus of niggers and noise to mate a holiday enjoyable, but with the good middle class family who sensibly clioosel (luiet bracing village life in preference to a bustling fashionable town existence, All the large new houses recently built will be comfortably filled for the holidays and there is every prospect of plucky little Borth, for it is bravely and success- fully doing its best to prevent itself being washed away by the sea, enjoying another good season,
CYNADLEDD ADDYSG FELINFACH,…
CYNADLEDD ADDYSG FELINFACH, YS T RAD. Syr,—Caniatewch i mi ddweyd gair mewn perthynas i'r gynadledd uchod, yr hon sydd i'w chynal dydd Sadwrn nesaf, yn Ysgoldy y Bwrdd, Felinfach, Ystrad. Credaf taw meddylddrych hapus oedd cael y gynadledd hon. Dylasai gwahanol Fyrddau Ysgol a School Attendance Committees" gyfarfod a'u gilydd yn fwy mynych er ymgynghori a bwrw penau ynghyd am y modd goreu i gario addysg elfenol yn mlaen yn effeithiol a llwyddianus yn y gwahanol gymydogaethau. Mae llawer gormod o'r ysbryd hunanol, cul, a chrebachllyd yn cael ei feithrin a'i ar- ddangos mewn byrddau, cynghorau, a phwyllgorau cyhoeddus. Myfyrio lies y lluaws ddylasai fod prif amcan cyrff cy- hoeddus, ond i'r gwrthwyneb y mae yn ami. Enw ac elw personol geir yn brif ysgogydd mewn llawer, ac nid gwasanaethu y cyhoedd yn onest a diduedd. Yn Nghanolbarth Ceredigion mae addysg elfenol yn mhell iawn o fod yr hyn ddylai fod. Ceir rhai Byrddau Ysgol yn druenus o esgeulus o'u gwaith. Etholir personau anghymwys ar y Byrddau hyn. Maent yn hollol ddifater am ofalu fod y plant yn cael addysg effeithiol. Unig hobby" ambell aelod ar Fwrdd Ysgol ydyw cynilo y cein- iogau yn mhob dim. Arbed y geiniog a cholli y bunt yn wastad y ceir y tylwyth didda hyn. Dyma y ffordd mwyaf effeithiol i rwystro addysg i gael ei chyfranu yn y modd goreu i'r to sydd yn codi. Gwara- funur a grwgnachur, rhoddi llyfrau ac angenrheidiau ereill yn ddigonol mewn llawer lie er cario y gwaith yn mlaen yn llwyddianus. Yna beiir yr athraw os na fydd y "grants" y rhai uchaf. Yn y cyffredin y ceintachwyr hyn sydd yn beio a chondemnio mwyaf ar yr ysgolfeistri. Maent i'w cael yn mhob ardal. Eu hoffwaith ydyw poeni y rhai sydd ar eu goreu yn cyfranu addysg i'w plant. Dyledwydd Byrddau Ysgol a phwyllgorau addysg ydyw gwrthwynebu y dosbarth hyn yn hyf a chadarn. Yn y cyfarfod dydd Sadwrn nesaf gobeithiaf y gwna rhai o'r siaradwyr godi y mater hwn i sylw. Pe byddai i rywun o safle siarad yn groes i'r cyfeiriad hwn byddai i hyny gario dylanwad ar y gweiniaid a'r llwfr. Dyna les cydgyfar- fyddiad rhai a'u gilydd o wahanol gylchoedd i drafod pwnc addysg elfenol. Mawr obeith- iaf y try y gynadledd hon allan yn llwydd- iant i'r pen pellaf, ac y bydd ffrwyth yn canlyn ar ei hoi. Gobeithio y ceir cynrych- iad cyffredinol o ganol y sir yno. Dylai pob athraw ac athrawes, aelodau byrddau ysgol, a phwyllgorau mynychiad fod yno yn llu. Mae clod yn ddyledus i'r ysgrifenydd galluog a gweithgar, Mr. Daniel Watkins, am gynull y cyfarfod ynglyn ac addysg. Os nad wyf yn camsynied efe fu y prif ysgogydd i gynal y gynadledd. Haedda bob cefnogaeth gan garwyr addysg. Os na fydd y cynulliad yn un cynrychioladol o'r rhanbarth, gadawa hyny argraff anffafriol ar y Mri. Legard a Darlington, arolygwyr ei Mawrhydi. Tu- eddol iawn iddynt fydd casglu nad oes nemawr sylw yn cael ei dalu i addysg yn y rhan hon. Eisieu deffro y wlad sydd i'w dyled- swyddau ar bwnc addysg elfenol. Mae Cymru wedi myned i gysgu, a Cheredigion wedi syrthio i drwmgwsg. Deffroer y rhai sydd mewn awdurdod at eu gwaith, neu os na wnant ei gyfiawni yn well, newidier hwy y cyfleusdra cyntaf. Da fyddai cydmaru ystadegau o'r gwahanol gymydogaethau er gweled pa rai sydd iselaf yn y presenoldeb canolrif y cant. Dengys hyn pa rai sydd fwyaf esgeulus i'w gwaith, a dichon y gwnaent ymysgwyd ati yn well rhagllaw. A fyddai yn ormod gofyn i'r gwahanol athrawon edrych i fewn pa faint ydyw canol- rif eu .presenoldeb y cant am y flwyddyn ysgol ddiweddaf. Dyma y lie goreu y gellir profi effeithiolrwydd y gwahanol fyrddau, &c. Ni fydd hyn yn ormod trafferth i neb i'w wneud, ac o bosibl yr ymgymer rhywun a chasglu y ffigyravi ynghyd a'u cyhoeddi yr wythnos ddilynol yn y Welsh Gazette." Da iawn genyf weled fod eich newydd- iadur yn cymeryd pwnc addysg i fyny ac yn rhoddi sylw arbenig iddo yn ei golofnau. Ewch rhagoch, mae tir lawer i'w feddianu eto yn y cyfeiriad hwn. Gan ddymuno i chwi lwyddiant mawr yn eich ymdrechion, credaf eich arwyddair, Nid byd, byd heb wybodaeth." Yr eiddoch, Ac., CEREDIG WLEDIG.
-'.-..,....-.Jt:-....-._....…
-Jt: YR WYTHNOS. MEIRION. Nid oes neb er pob gofidiau Nad yw'n hoffi cam; weithiau Minau heddyw'n dawel ddigon Ganaf benill bach i Feirion. Clywais ganmol, clywais feio, Pawb a'i ddewis destyn ganddo Ond ni chlywais gan un prydydd Fawr o anair i Feirionydd. Hoff gan rai yw Ffrainc a Rwsia, Hof gan ereill randir India; Ond pa le a geir mor dirion Ag ardaloedd tawel Meirion ? Yna ffrydia dyfroedd gloewon I ddiodi'r holl drigolion; A chwai hwylia iach awelon Trwy ororau siriol Meirion. Mawr yw'r son am wychder Llundain, Ac mai rhyfedd le yw Rhufain; Ond anwylach na'u holl geinion Ydyw llwydaidd greigiau Meirion. Parchus wedd ei hen fynyddoedd, A'i rhaiadrau mawrion, luoedd, Dystiolaethant byth yn ffyddlon 0 blaid mawredd hen wlad Meirion. Gwelais lawer man dewisol, Gwelais lawer cwmni siriol; Ond ni welais neb mor dirion A thrigolion hawddgar Meirion. Gall Rhagluniaeth roddi eto Imi arall fan i drigo; Ond ni rwystra unrhyw estron Imi gofio mwynder Meirion. LEWYS GLYX DYFI. Hysbysir fod y Proffeswr Ellis Edwards, M.A., Bala, wedi rhoi rliybudd y dug efe'r cynyg canlynol gerbron Cyfarfod Misol nesaf Dwyrain Meirionydd: Fod y cyfarfod yn cymeryd i'w ystyriaeth y dull goreu o gael dysgu Cymraeg yn yr ysgolion dyddol, fel y gallo'r Ysgol Sul roddi mwy o amser i I ddysgu cynwys y Beibl." Y GYNHADLEDD HEDDWCH. Y mae gwaith y gynhadledd yn dirwyn i ben, ac ar y cyfan, y mae pob peth wedi pasio yn dra llwyddianus. Ond tra digry a gwrthun ydoedd gweled dau o'r cynrycbiolwyr yn ceisio ymladd- Twrc ac Arminiad oedd y ddau fu yn herio eu gilydd. Y KHALIFA. Yn ol y newyddion diweddaraf o'r Soudan y mae y Khalifa, ben gadfridog dewr y llwythau fu yn ymladd yn ddiweddar yn erbyn y wlad hon, wedi ei gau i mewn rhwng bryniau gan Arabiaid 9 1 gelyniaethus; ei fod ef a ganlynwyr yn methu cael ymborth; ac fod ei filwyr yn ei adael. Dywedir fod tu 500 o'i ganlynwyr wedi eu lladd. BODDI YN LLYN COWLYD. Wrth bysgota yn Llyn Cowlyd, ddydd Sadwrn, llithrodd meddyg ieuanc o'r enw Dr. Phillip Hughes, o Lundain, a syrthiodd i'r dwfr. Boddodd, a bu agos i'w frawd foddi wrth geisio ei achub. Caed hyd i'r corph nos Sadwrn, a chynaliwyd trengholiad gerbron Mr. L. R. Thomas ddydd Linn, pryd y bwriwyd rheithfarn i'r perwyl fod y trancedig wedi boddi drwy ddamwain. Yr oedd efe ar ymweliad a'r ardal ac yn aros yn Ngbapel Curig.1 Y TRANSVAAL. Edrycb yn lied ddrwg y mae pethau ar hyn o bryd yn y Transvaal. Cred rhai mai y modd goreu i sicrhau beddwcb ydyw trwy barotoi i ryfel; ac y mae y Boeriaid eisoes yn dechreu arfogi. Y mae eu Senedd wedi pleidleisio £ 30,000 i'r pwrpas. Y mae nifer milwyr y Boeriaid yn llawer mwy nac eiddo Prydain yn Neheudir Affrica, a sibrydir y bydd yn rhaid anfon rhagor o filwyr yno o'r wlad hon yn fuan. Dywedir fod tua 8,000 o bobl, gwragedd a phlant yn benaf, wedi gadael Johannes- burg er dechreu mis Mai. GWADDOLI YR EGLWYS ETO. Y mae y Llywodraeth bresenol yn gofyn yn haer- llug am y swm o E87,000 yn flynyddol o arian y wlad tuag at gynorthwyo personiaid Eglwys Loegr. Er's rhai blynyd dau y mae'r personiaid wedi bod yn cwyno eu bod hwy yn gorfod talu gormod o drethi plwyfol ar y degwm ac er's pan benderfynodd y Toriaid ysgafnhau'r trethi plwyflol ar ffermydd (er mwyn galluogi'r amaethwyr i dalu mwy o rent neu wneud heb ostyngiadau) y mae cri y clerigwyr wedi codi yn uwch nag erioed. Nid oes ond ychydig o amser er's pan dywedai Syr Michael Hicks Beach fod en cais am ostyngiad yn y trethi plwyfol yn un hollol afresymol. DAMWEINIAU. Dydd Sadwrn diweddaf bu damwain alaethus ar y rheilffordd yn ngorsaf Reading. Tarodd dwy engine yn erbyn eu gilydd, a lladdwyd dau ddyn yn y man, a bu un arall farw yn fuan ar ol ei symud i'r Yspytty, a llosgwyd driver o'r enw W. H. Williams yn ofnadwy. Tro hynod yn nglyn a'r digwyddiad ydoedd fod y tri gwr,-t laddwy(ld y dydd blaenorol yn cludo elor driver o'r enw Wilkins, yr bwn a laddwyd ar yr un llinell dridiau cyn hyny. Yn yr angladd gofynodd un a honynt i'w gyfaill ar y ffordd ir gladdfa, "Pwy yn y byd a ddygir yma nesaf 1" Deng awr wedi hyny cafodd ef ei hun ei ladd heb eiliad o rybudd. Nos Wener, mewn dull pur llechwraidd, daeth- pwyd a mesur i'r Senedd, amcan yr hwn ydyw gwneyd i bobl ereill dalu banner trethi y personiaid. Gwaddol pellach i'r Eglwys Sefydledig ar draul y wlad ydyw hyn; ac eisoes y mae'r cynnygiad wedi cyffroi gwrthwynebiad ffyrnig mewn gwahanol vanau o'r wlad. PWNC Y TIR. Yn Nby yr Arglwyddi, dydd Gwener diweddaf, cymerodd dadl bwysig le ar bwnc y tir yn Nghymru. Cymerwvd i ystyriaeth Adroddiad y Ddirprwyaeth Dirol, a siaradwyd gan amryw o Arglwyddi blaenaf y Ty. Wrth derfynu araeth odidog dywedodd larll Carrington fod barn y cyhoedd ar bwnc y tir yn myned rhagddo yn gyflym iawn. Dwy flynedd yn ol darfu i bob aelod ar seddau blaenaf y Blaid Ryddfrydol yn Nhy y Cyffredin bleidleisio o blaid mesur Mr. Vaughan Davies i sefydlu Llys Tirol, ac hefyd, ffaith a ystyria ef yn bwysig ydoedd fod yr ymgeisydd Toriaidd dros Ddwyreinbarth Sir Ddinbych-yr hwn oedd yn cael ei gefnogi gan yr holl Blaid Undebol, gan bob ffeirad a squire—wedi ymrwymo ei hun yn gyhoeddus, os cai ei ddychwelyd, i ddwyn i mewn festir yn cynwys yr holl bctbau a gymeradwyid gan y Ddirprwyaeth Dirol i Gymru. Dywedodd yr Iarll ei fod ef ei hun yn credu yn onest os gwnelid y cymeradwyaethau byn yn gyfraith na wnaent un drwg i'r tirfeddianwyr, tra y rhoddent sicrwydd ac hyder i ganoedd o amaeth- wyr, teuluoedd pa rai oeddent wedi bod am gan- rifoedd lawer yn codi tai, a muriau,a chloddiau, ac yn gwella'r tir yn uwch ac yn uwch ar ochrau y mynyddau, a'u hunig weddi a'u hunig obaith ydoedd cael aros mewn beddweh yn eu hen gartrefi, yn ngwlad eu tadau-y wlad a garent mor fawr. Ceir hanes cyflawn o areithiau nos Wener mewn rhan arall o'r papyr hwn.
LLANUWCHLLYN.
LLANUWCHLLYN. MARWOLAETH.—Mehefin 6, 1899, yn ei pbres wylfod, 299 South Seven-street, Newark, N.J., bu farw yr hen fam anwyl Mrs. Jane Edwards, yn 75 mlwydd a naw mis oed. Ganwyd hi mcwnamaeth- dy o'r enw Pantgwyn, plwyf Llanuwchllyn. Coll- odd ei mam pan yn wyth oed. Ymunodd mewn priodas a John E. Edwards, o'r un ardal, yn y flwyddyn 1846. Ganwyd iddynt ddeg o blant, sef saith o feibion a t-hair o ferched; ac yr oedd saith o honynt yn cael y fraint o dalu y gymwynas olaf i'w mam dyner a gofalus. Ymfudasant i'r America yn 1852, gan ymsefydlu fel amaethwyr yn Swydd Oneida. Treuliasant 37 mlynedd mewn gwahanol ardaloedd yn y Swydd hono. Deng mlynedd yn ol, aethant i gartrefu i Newark, N. J.. lie y mae dau fab iddynt yn feddygon enwog a llwyddianus, a'r gweddill o'r plant mewn sefyllfaoedd cysurus ac anrhydeddus. Mae eu mab John yn New York City Edward yn Holland Patent, ac un ferch yn Marcy, Oneida Co., N. Y., a'r saith eraill yn New- ark. Bu hi a'i phriod yn Nghymru am flwyddyn oddeutu deng mlynedd yn ol, a phrofodd yr ym- weliad yn adgyfnerthiad corff a meddwl i'r ddau hen bererin.
LLWYNGWRIL.
LLWYNGWRIL. TERRIBLE ACCIDENT TO A CYCLIST--A young cyclist from Abergynolwyn, Ieuan Roberts, son of Mr. Hugh Roberts, was the victim of a terrible accident on Sunday afternoon last. In going down the steep hill above Friog, lie lost control of his machine, and ran into a heap of stones on the road-side. He sustained shocking injuries, the most serious being a compound fracture of the skull. Dr. H. P. Rowlands, Towyn, and Dr. J. O. Williams, Barmouth, are in attendance. The Cyclists' Touring Club have had a sign put up long ago, notifying that this hill is "dangerous."
Tin-Plate Trade in America.
Tin-Plate Trade in America. 50,000 MEN THROWN OUT. All the tin-plata works in the country will close at midnight on Friday, owing to the failure of the conference at Chicago for regulating the scale of wages. It is estimated that about 50,000 men will thus be thrown out of employment.
Advertising
-x.:¡, Educational. MISS PHILLIPS, CERT. R.A.:>L.. )-it i j) TRINITY COLLEGE, LONDON, Q].anist OF qhuech, experience ;:i successfully preparing for the above Examinations. Receives Pupils for Organ, Pianoforte, and Singing. Terms on Application. ADDRESS 34, PIER STREET. HIGH SCHOOL FOR GIRLS VICTORIA HOUSE, v I C T 0 R I A (MARINE) rp E li R A C E A BERYSTWYTH. SEPARATE KINDERGARTEN. PRINCIPAL Miss KATE B LLOYD. Certificated Mistress, Assisted by a Staff of highly qualified Resident Governesses. REFERENCES— Thomas Jones, Esq., B.A., H.M. Inspector of Schools, Llanelly; The Rev. O. Evans, D.D., King's Cross, London. E. H. Short, Esq., H.M. Inspector, Aberystwyth. Principal Edwards, D.D., Bala Theological College Principal Roberts, M.A., U.C.W. Principal Prys, M.A., Trevecca College. Dr Scholle Aberdeen University. Rev T. A Penry, Aberystwyth. Pupils prepared for the London and Welsh Matricu- lations, Oxford and Cambridge Examinations, &c. For Terms, &c., apply PRINCIPAL. -"0 ABERYSTWYTH COUNTY SCHOOL HEADMASTER MR. DAVID SAMUEL, M.A., (Car-tab). SENIOR MISTRESS MISS JUDITH M. JMVART, M.A., (Vict) ASSISTANT MASTERS AND MISTRESS W W. P EARSON J^ULLER, M.A. MR T HOMAS QWEXS, Late Headmaster of the Aberystwyth Commercial and Grammar School. MISS MAUDE JJUGHES, B.Sc. (Lond). DRAWING MR. J. H. APPLETOX, Cert. Art Master. DRILL SERJEANT-MAJOR W. J LONG. JOHN EVANS, 6, Portland Street, Clerk. Aberystwyth. — Business Notices. TEMPERANCE COMMERCIAL HOTEL, STATION TERRACE, LAMPETER. Two Minutes walk from the Railway Station. WELL-AIRED BEDS. BATH ROOM. CHARGES MODERATE PROPRIETOR-MISS S. A. WALTERS. BUY YOUR MEDICINES FROM DAVIES BROS., THE PHARMACY, LAMPETER. ALL DRUGS AND CHEMICALS OF GUARANTEED PURITY. MR. STEPHEN 11. EVANS AUCTIONEER. LAND AGENT AND VALUER. OFFICES HARFORD SQUARE, LAMPETER. FOR HIGH-CLASS OUTFITS GO TO TOM JONES, COLLEGE STREET, LAMPETER, LATEST STYLE IN TAILORING COM- BINED WITH MODERATE CHARGES. ARTIFICIAL TEETH. MR. JAMES REES (Seventeen years with Messrs. Murphy and Rowley), £ rpRINITY J3LACE, ^BERYSTWYTH. Mi? REES visits TREGARON first and last Tuesday in each Month at Mrs. Williams, Stanley Hou?e. Visits Machynlleth the Second and Fourth Wednes- in each Month at Mrs. Williams. Stanley Hou?e. Visits Machynlleth the Second and Fourth Wednes- days in each Month at Mrs. R. Jones, Pentre- rhydin Street (opposite Lion Hotel). Corns on the 1st and 3rd Saturday in each month at Mr W. Evans, Grocer, Liverpool House, (opposite Slaters Arms. Visits Lampeter the First and Third Fridays in each Month, at R. Evans, milliner, 18, Harford Square. CHARGES MODERATE. FOR PURE CONFECTIONERY IN ALL VARIETIES GO TO MORGANS', AT 16, TERRACE ROAD, 27, PIER STREET, AND AT WHOLESALE DEPOT- 55, NORTH PARADE. ABERYSTWYTH The only practical Sugar-Boiler in the town. Fifteen years experience. Shops supplied at lowest terms. FOR THE BEST SELECTION OF ALL KINDS OF TOOLS, TABLE CUTLERY, ELECTRO-FLAtED _L GOODS, POCKET KNIVES, RAZORS AND SCISSORS,, CALL AT WM. II. J()NES' IRONMONGERY AND TOOL DEPOT, M ARIŒT STREET, A EERYSTWYTH. i.LSO THE LARGEST IITOCK OF ENAMELLED WARE IN TOWX,
-,):,I WORLD IN A WEEK.
-,):,I WORLD IN A WEEK. A Manila telegram states that the Filipinos have been driven out of the province of Cavite, which, they boasted, the Americans would never conquer. A telegram from the Governor of Madras in reference to the riots at Tinnevelly states that matters are now quiet in the north of the dis- trict and disturbances are unlikely to spread to the south. Measures of precaution have been taken everywhere. There have been 400 arrests. Official advices received at Cairo report an encounter between the Khalifa and Tagallas Many dervishes were killed, and the Knanfa's only gun was captured. His force is reported to be short of food and surrounded by tribesmen in the hills. Mail advices receive I at Liverpool state that serious disturbances attended the Liberian Presi- dential election, and a number of dwellings and one or two churches were burnt down. The dis- turbances were caused by a few malcontents. The nomination of candidates for the Osgold- cross division has been fixed for Thursday the 29th inst., and the polling will take place on Wed- nesday, July 5th. Mr. Charles Roberts, late Fellow of Exeter and tutor of Baliol College, Oxford, will, we are informed, come before the constituency as a Liberal and temperance candidate. Speaking at Croydon, Mr. Ritchie, President of the Board of Trade, said it was the duty of the Government to listen to the grievances of their fellowcountrymen in the Transvaal, and they in- tended to do their utmost to see that those griev- ances were redressed. They did not desire to inter- fere with the independence of the Republic; on the contrary, they wished to see it independent and resting on the solid foundation of a broad and liberal franchise. For the efforts of the Govern- ment to be successful two things were necessary- patience and firmness. Two men named Whitchelo and Perry were killed in a shunting accident at Reading early on Saturday morning, and a third named Williams was so seriously injured that he died shortly after- wards. A cyclist named George Poison, a well-known teacher of dancing in Aberdeen, was killed while cycling some miles from that city on Saturday. He collided with another rider in front of him, and fell off his machine under the wheels of a four-in- hand coach, which passed over his body, death being instantaneous. Student delegations from every university in Germany, and representatives of most of the gym- nasiums and schools, took part on Saturday in a memorial procession to the Bismarck Mausoleum at Friedrichsruhe. At the close of the demonstra- tion, the banners of thirty-one German student corps were lowered into the sarcophagus, and the German National Anthem was sung. THE SCARCITY IN RUSSIA. The Transcaspian provinces are stated to be threatened this year with serious scarcity, owing to the occurrence at the same time of a great drought and a dire plague of locusts. ARAB RAID IN TUNIS. According to intelligence from Oran, news has reached there from Ei Aboid of a serious raid at Gourara. A considerable number of men were killed, and many camels were captured. The natives say that the raiders numbered 150. Cap- tain Durand, with a detachment of cavalry, has started in pursuit of them. THE KHALFA'S MOVEMENTS. The Khalifa continues to be surrounded by Arabs on all sides and the dervishes are stated to be still deserting him. Deserters state that Khatine Musa, formerly Emir at Kordofan, is now a prisoner in the Khalifa's camp. It is added that the Khalifa is now confined in the narrow valley in the Tagalla hills, shut in by Tagallas, who are alleged to have killed 500 dervishes. This last report is, however, unconfirmed, and it is regarded as improbable that the Tagallas will be capable of e getting at the Khalifa. The Khalifa has now, it is said, moved to Khorbuda to find food. The dervishes are still deserting him, and the Arabs surround him on all sides. TRAGEDY IN FRANCE. A terrible domestic tragedy occurred at Grenoble. An old farmer, named Joly, seventy-three years of age, lived with two sons, men of thirty-five and thirty-nine. The old man was drunken and dissolute, but the sons steady and hard-working. A quarrel arose between the father and his sons over the sale of some cattle, and the old man, seizing a double-barrelled gun, shot his younger son dead. The elder was so enraged at this that he caught his lather by the throat and strangled him. ICE BLOCKS. The harbour of Mezen is blocked by masses of ice, and many foreign steamers have been en- deavouring in vain for several week past to force an entrance. The Russian expedition to Spitz- bergen is at present at Tromso, in Norway, and is unable to proceed to the island of Spitzbergen owing to the enormous accumulation of ice round about that island, whose coasts are consequently unapproachable even for the famous ice-breaker Yermak. It may even prove necessary for the ex- pedition to postpone the accomplishment of its mission until next year. THE PHILIPPINES. Mr Alger stated last Friday in the course of an interview that on his return to Washington he would recommend to the President the increase of General Otis's force in the Philippines. For the present, however, he could not say to what extent. He was not prepared to declare that there would be a call for volunteers; and in case he did not anticipate that any additional regiments would be sent out before October. The American transport "Sheridan" sailed on Saturday for Manila, with reinforcements. The" Valencia" is expected to sail at once. THE PEACE CONFERENCE. The abritration part of the Hague Conference is genuine, the disarmament part is not. The pro- posal is put in merely to save the amour propre of the Czar, to make, as the French say, a "manifesta- tion." The danger of this course is that it is calculated to make not very favourably disposed persons, like the Kaiser, believe that the whole programme is a comedy. Arbitration will, I trust, succeed, not on account, but in spite of, the Russian proposal. FILIPINO WAR. A very uneasy feeling exists because the War Department is making preparations for the enlist- ment of nine volunteer regiments (about 12,000 men) for service in the Philipines. The belief is entertained by many high military officers that eventually the entire volunteer force of 35,000 men authorised by Congress must be called into active service. The steps taken by the War Department to secure volunteers causes apprehension in the public mind, especially as the Department has per- sistently denied tne intention of calling volunteers into service, and has tried to create the impression that General Otis had all the troops necessary to suppress the rebellion. The public now believes that the situation is much worse than it had been led to imagine, and that war may continue for months, entailing enormous expense and great loss of life. DEATHS BY DROWNING. On Sunday the body of a man named James Fell, of Hindley-road, Westhoughton, was found floating in the water in a qnarry near Park Farm, Hindley. Fell, who was of weak intellect, had been detained in Lancaster Asylum and Bolton Workhouse. On Saturday forenoon a boy named James Edward Winder, eleven years of age, was drowned while bathing at the Shards, a favourite juvenile bathing place on the Lune, near the Waggon Works. He seems to have got out of his depth, and was drowned before assistance could be ren- dered him. Two drowning cases have occurred in Lancaster during the week end. On Saturday the Coroner held an inquest on the body of William Lupton, two years of age, who lived at Skerton with his grandmother. He went out to play with some children near the river side, and nothing more was seen or heard of him till his body was fished out of the river by a blacksmith named Smith, whose attention was attracted by seeing a straw hat floating on the water. It is conjectured that the child fell into the water unobserved. A labourer, named Thomas Rimner, of 17, Ince- avenue, Litherland, while walking along the canal bank at Ford on Saturday afternoon saw the body of a man floating in the water. The body was sub- sequently identified as that of Frederick John Ashfcon, fifty five years of age, of no occupation, who lodged at 4, P&dnierston-drive, Litherland. He left tfac house about inoon on Wednesday, and was seen JQ the neighbourhood about 6 o'clock the same evening, but after that nothing more was seen of him until his remains were taken out of the canal. A second body, supposed to be that of a boatman, but which has ot yet been identified, was found in the canal at Ford about eight o'clock on Sunday morning by Joseph Southard. The de- ceased, who appeared to be about, fifty years of age, was (dressed in a, dark coat and vest, cardigan courdouroy trousers, blue woolei) .HOCks, and clogs, and a check scarf
--'--... BETH SYDD OREU?
BETH SYDD OREU? [GAN T. A. LEVI, B.A.] 0 bob gwedd ar y Cwestiwn Dirwestol y wedd gymdeithasol ydyw yr nn fwyaf pwysig—a'r wedd sydd yn dylamvadu yn fwyaf uniongyrchol ar y wlad hon a'i phoblogaeth. Dyma wedd y medr pawb deimlo dyddordeb ynddi heb ymrwymo i unrhyw gymdeithas ac heb fradychu eu liunain i unrhyw gyfundrefn. Oblegid y mae pawb o blaid gwelliant cymdeithasol. Ac y mae wedi 'dyfod yn amlwg fod yr hyn ddywedodd Lord Rosehery yn wir—os na reolir y fasnach feddwol gan y Llywodraeth yn fuan iawn fe reolir y Llywodraeth gan y fasnach feddwol. Mae ymchwiliadau diweddar yn dangos fod y fasnach hon yn cynyddu dan ddylanwad cystadleuaeth. Cystadleuaeth ydyw achos y cynydd, nid gwrthgiliad yn egwyddorion Dirwestol y wlad. Pan y gosodir nwyddau yn y farch- nad, mae y nwyddau hyny, os llwyddant o gwbl, yn cynwys ynddynt eu hunain elfenau cynydd digymhell. Dyma y drwg, a wynebir yn uniongrychol gan y cynllun Gothenburg diwygiedig neu municipalisation." Y gelyn casaf i'w orchfygu ydyw hwnw sydd wedi ymgorphoru a llwydiant masnachol. Er i'r lliaws fod yn golledwyr dirfawr o'i herwydd eto tra byddo, enill i ychydig, caled a fydd y fwydr. Yr ydys yn cychwyn felly gyda'r gosodiad fod yn rhaid. cael dilead llwyr o bob elw personol. A ydyw yn bosibl rheoli y fasnach feddwol yn y fath fodd, na byddo neb yn gwneyd elw iddo ei hun oddiwrth werthiant y diodydd. Cydnabyddir fod hyn yn bosibl gyda'r tafarnau ac nid ydym yn gweled paham nad yw yn bosibl hefyd gyda'r darllawdai—mewn geiriau ereill—gellirrheoli y cyfanwerth (" wholesale trade") yn ogystal ar manwerth (" retail trade.") Gyda golwg ar y cynlluniau sydd wedi eu cynyg-addefir fodunohonynt sef Trwyddedu wedi troi yn fethiant. Gellir casglu cymaint a hyn oddiwrth adroddiad y Ddirprwyaeth Drwyddedol. Y mae report y mwyafrif yn gystal a report Arglwydd Peel yn cyfaddef fod yn rhaid lleihau nifer y tai trwyddedol." Am y cynlluniau ereill-sef, Gwahardd- iad a Dewisiad Lleol ceisiaf ddangos fod y ddau gynllun yma yn gynwysedig yn y cynllun a gynygir gan yr ysgrifenwyr enwog, Mri. Rowntree a Sherwell yn y llyfr a ysgrifenwyd ganddynt" Temperance Reform and the Social Problem." Ond cyn myned ymlaen i fanylion y cynllun a gynygir gan yr ysgrifenwyr hyn— sylweh fod yn perthyn i Waharddiad ac i Ddewisiad Lleol elfen nacaol, sef, elfen o waharddiad—mae y ddau gynllun hyn yn rhwystro—yn cymeryd ymaith (yn ddistryw- iol, heb fod yn adeiladol), heb roddi dim yn ol. Mewn atebiad i'r ddadl hon ysgrifenodd Canon Hicks fod yr agwedd nacaol o glirio ymaith y drwg yn symbyliad i ymdrech newydd dros y da. Ond wrth ddweyd hyn y mae Canon Hicks yn cymeryd yn ganiataol yr hyn a ddylai brofi, sef, cymeryd yn ganiataol fod y fasnach yn ddrwg hollol. Pe buasai pawb yn cyfaddef mai "drwg hollol ydyw buasai clirio ymaith yn ddigon o beth heb gynyg dim pellach ond gan nad yw pawb yn cyfaddef hyn—er gwaethaf modd—rhaid i ni gynyg rhywbeth yn lie yr hyn a gymerir ymaith; a rhaid cael ochr gadarnhaol er mwyn i ni gael cynllun Dirwestol mor ddeniadol ag sydd bosibl. Mae cynllun Mri. Rowntree a Sherwell— sef "Municipalisation" -yn cynwys holl ragoriaethau Gwaharddiad a Dewisiad lleol, ac yn ychwanegol yn cynwys elfen gadarn- haol gref-yr hon sydd yn beth hollol newydd, na feddianir hi gan yr un cynllun arall. Cynygir gosod yr holl fasnach feddwol dan reolaeth ddiduedd y Cynghor lleol neu gynghorau etholedig at y pwrpas: gorweddai gyda'r etholwyr y bobl yn gyffredinol i ofalu ethol dynion cymhwys i gario allan y cynllun. Gellid prynu drosodd yr holl fasnach trwy gymorth gallu y Llywodraeth. Wedi gosod y cyfanwerth a'r manwerth dan arolygiad y cynghorau hyn, dileir ar unwaith pob elw personol a wneir gan y tafarnwr, ac felly dileir pob math o gystadleuaeth masnachol. Ond, meddai rhywun, beth pe buasai y Cynghor lleol hefyd yn mynu gwneyd elw o'i fasnach. 'Does dim perygl o hyn. Heblaw fod cynghorau yn llai agored i'r chwant o enill na dynion unigol—y mae y Cynllun yn darparu modd i rwystro hyn. Bwriedir danfon pob ceiniog o elw a ddaw o'r gwerth- iant i Gronfa Ganolog (Central Fund)—ac fe fyddai danfon yr arian a ddelai o'r gwerth- iant o bob lie i'r Central Fund yn arbed pob perygl i ganddefnydclio yr arian. Yn awr fe fyddai y Central Fund yn cynwys swm mawr o arian. Yn y man yma y mae yr elfen gadarnhaol o'r cynllun newydd yn dyfod i mewn, a dyma sydd yn wir ddeniadol yn y system hon. Telir allan o'r Cen- tral Fund" filoedd o bunau ar gyfer pob tref a phentref, yn ol *i poblogaeth, nid yn ol y gwerthiant, yn y wlad er mwyn i'r lle- oedd hyn adeiladu palasau hardd—tai Dir- westol wedi eu haddurno tu hwnt i'r un tafarn wedi; eu cynnysgaeddu a phob moethau-llyfrgúlloedd, chwareuon, ac ym- borth—y cwbl yn isel eu pris—at wasanaeth y bobl, pob dyfais i'w denu oddiwrth y daf- arn. Fel y saif pethau yn bresenol, mae y gin-palace" gorwych ei ymddangosiad yn myn'd a'r lliaws. Nid ydyw yn ofni dim rhag yr adeilad hagr ar yr ochr arall i'r stryd sydd yn proffesu bod yn westdy Dirwestol. Rhaid cael arian i ddarparu adeiladau hardd ar gyfer y gweithiwr sydd yn hoff o gyfarfod a'i gyfeillion a mwynhau ei hun y nos- weithiau gyda'i ddifyrionneu ymddiddan neu ddarllen. Ac yn y "Central Fund" yma bydd nid yn unig ddigon o arian i ddarparu nifer o'r tai hyn yn mhob tref, ond bydd hefyd miliynau o bunoedd dros ben i fyned at Wasanaeth y Llywodraeth. Clywais y cwestiwn yn cael ei ofyn lawer gwaith, "Paham nad all yr Achos Dir- westol roddi rhywbeth i'r gweithwyr yn well na'r tafarndai?" Paham hefyd—a dyma fantais i weddnewidiai wyneb y wlad, ac a lladdai y fasnach gan rym yr atdyniad gwrth- wynebol, a means of doing away with the traffic by sheer force of counter attraction." Yr wyf yn pwysleisio y rhan yma o'r cynllun gan nad oes yr un gyfundrefn arall o ddi- wygiad Dirwestol wedi cynyg darparu y pal- asau ardderchog hyn i enill serch y bobl tuag ato. Bu adeg amddiffyn, ond heddyw daeth adeg ymosodiad." Ond y mae rhagoriaethau ereill yn perthyn i'r cynygiad hwn ac yn gyntaf, gellir defn- yddio gwaharddiad a dewisiad lleol yn hawdd, os mynir. Oblegid os bydd mwyafrif o'r lie yn ewyllysio cael rhyw dafarn neu dafarnau, bydd y cynghor yn gweithredu ar unwaith yn ol dewisiad y mwyafrif—bydd yr holl dafarndai yn Haw y cynghor, ac felly gallant gau ar unwaith, os dewisir hyny gan yr etholwyr. Heblaw hyn, gall y cynghorau gau tafarnau heb aros am ddatganiad barn gan y lliaws, os bydd yn ddoeth gwneyd hyny. Mewn gair, dilead y fasnach fydd arwydd-nod y eynghor o'r dechreu ac os na bydd y cynghor yn tueddu felly, gall yr etholwyr eu troi allan yn yr etholiad nesaf. Gyda'r etholwyr ygorweddai'r penderfyniad. Felly chwi welwch fod Dewisiad lleol yn cael ei groesawu yn gynhes yn y cynllun hwn, a'i fod yn rhau hanfodol o weithrediad y cyn- llun. Yn wir, gallwn fyned yn mhellach na hyn a dywedyd nad ydyw Dewisiad Lleol yn debyg o gael ei groesawu gan y dosbarth gweithiol ond wrth ei gorfforu a municipai- isation. Cyn terfynu, dymunaf gyfeirio yn arbenig at un peth sydd yn gwneyd y cynllun yma .LJII,I; -=" < yn fwy derbyniol i mi beth bynag na'r un cynllun arall, sef ei fod yn gwahanu y fas- nach oddiwrth wleidyddiaeth. "Our trade is our politics," meddai y tafarnwyr a thra bydd sylfeini o boliticsyn perthyn i'r fasnach feddwol, mae bron yn amhosibl i'w dileu. Y mae rhai yn ofni y cynllun gan ei bod yn anfoddlon i ymdrybaeddu yn y fasnach o gwbl. Ond pwy eisiau i neb ymdrybaeddu ynddi? Gwasanaethwyr y Cynghor fyddai yn cario y fasnach ymlaen, a gwell ydyw i wasanaethwyr y Cyngorau Dirwestol i gael Haw gadarn am wddf y gelyn na'i wel'd yn tyfu yn fwy, fwy bob dydd. Y mae ym- drybaeddu yn y fasnach fel milwr yn peidio taro'r gelyn rhag ofn cyffwrdd ag ef. Os ydym am enill y frwydr, rhaid i ni fyned i ganol maes y gelyn a'i ladd gyda'i arfau ei liun. Mae gwrthwynebwyr i'r cynllun hwn fel i bob cynllun o ddiwygiad. Ond rhaid cofio fod pethau wedi myned mor ddifrifol fel rhaid gwneyd rhywbeth ar frys, ac nid ydyw Dewisiad Lleol ond megis haner diwygiad. Rhaid ychwanegu ato er mwyn enill serch y bobl. Mae ereill eto yn dadleu nad yw yn iawn defnyddio at unrhyw bwrpas arian sydd yn dyfod o'r fasnach. Ond a'i nid yw hyn yn cael ei wneyd pob blwyddyn pan ddefnyddir y miloedd sydd yn dyfod o'r dreth ar ddiodydd tuag at achosion y Llywodraeth. Os iawn i ddefnyddio y miloedd bob blwyddyn at achosion gwladol, ac achosion addysg, a'i nid iawn defnyddio arian y fasnach i ladd y fasnach. Ac yn olaf y mae rhai yn dadleu fod cynllun tebyg i hwn wedi methu yn Sweden a Norway. Nid ydym yn cyfaddef hyn; ond hyd yn nod pe buasem yn cyfaddef hyn —rhaid i ni gofio fod cynllun Mri. Rowntree a Sherwell yn ddiwygiad ar y Gothenburg System yn y pethau hyny ag y dywedir i'r Gothenburg System droi yn fethiant. Heblaw hyny, os ydyw cynllun dyrus a chymysgedig wedi profi yn anhawdd i Lywodraeth dra.mor--ni(I ydyw hyny yn un rheswm nad all Prydain lwyddo. Pan ddefnyddir cydmariaethau fel hyn rhwng un wlad a'r llall, daliwn mewn cof yr egwyddor gyffredinol a osodwyd i lawr gan Montesquieu, y dylid cyfaddasu cyfreithiau i amgylchiadau y wlad. Law ought to be so closely adapted to the people for which it is made, that it is very improbable that the laws of our nation can even be suited to the wants of another nation." Mae y gwrionedd hwn yn llawn mor gymwysiadol i gyfreithiau yn ymwneyd a rheolaeth y fasnach feddwol, ag ydyw i unrhyw gyfreithiau ereill. Rhaid i ni edrych am y prif gwestiwn yn ngwyneb amgylchiadau ein gwlad ni ein hunain.