Welsh Gazette and West Wales Advertiser

A Warning. An inquest was held at King's Heath, near Bir- r 1 mingham, lately, on the body of a boy named Sellars, aged six years, who, according to a play- fellow, ate a quantity of dandelion flowers out of a garden. Medical evidence showed that death was the result of irritant poison. A verdict to this effect was returned by the jury.

♦ The Fruit Garden. Disbud peaches, nectarines, and other early trees ag-airlst the wall. The gooseberry, though so use- ful and early a fruit, is very much neglected in many gardens, no other attention being paid to it than to prune the tree at random, and often with a pair of shears, once a year. They should be pruned twice every year. Take a pair of scissors about the middle or end of this month, and cut off the very small berries; these will be found quite as good for sauce or gooseberry cream as the larger. Soon after this pruning, about the middle of May, it will be proper to look over the trees, and pick off any carterpiilars that may be on them. You will then see what shoots are infected with the canker, and which might have escaped your notice at the time of pruning; and wherever you observe the lease appearance of infection, which may be known by the" wood appenring of a brownish colour, the shoot must be cut down till you come to the sound white wood. All suckers and runners that are not wanted should now be removed from rasp- berries and strawberries. Examine the blossoms of fruit trees, remove those attacked by insects and destroy the insects they contain. Take off and destroy ail leaves that are found rolled up.

«0i ■■ Not meant for Wounds. Mrs. Maiy Ketch, of 32. Flash-walk, Hampstead, had some stamp-paper applied by her husband to a wound on her arm, which she had injured by a fall on the previous day. She subsequently died in the infirmary from blood-poisoning. Dr. Taylor, at the inquest on Thursday last, said" that amputation was resorted without saeoass. The stamp-paper was probably '•e.ponsible for setting up the ir.flam- Juror: I thought stamp-paper was havt.ii *sr,.—Dr. Taylor: Is may be for its proper use. bui: net when used as a surgical dressing.—A verdict c £ "Accidental death'' was returned. A similar case occurred receiat- v in the north of Eng- land, when the postal authorities investigated the circumstance*, and cleared the character of the postage st:up-paper.

.:>- Butter-making. However large or small the amount of butter that is Aold from the farm in a year, one is seldom satisfied with the price obtained for it. Taking it all round the average "fresh farm" butter is hardly fit TO eat. and the makers thereof think themselves hardly because customers prefer foreign or fact •vy-uiado butter. These latter butters are made with most improved machinery, and are turned our in jarge quantities, and, what is more im- port: :t, ol uniform quality. Now, while it is true thai g-od tools alone will not make fine butter, yet they are necessary to encourage the average maker to "produce a better article. Really, too, implements are fairly cheap, and there ought to be a higher standard' in dairy equipment of the farm. In the first place, old dairy implements that have been used for years, especially wooden utensils, become so thoroughly saturated with old butter grease that it is impossible to make a fine article with them. The instant cream or fresh butter comes in contact with them, ail life and fine flavour is taken out of the fresh article. For instance, a piece oil board, as is often seen, that has been used in the dairy for many seasotis to cover the pans of milk, will deaden the cream as fast as it forms on the surface of the milk, so that good butter can- not be made from it. An old churn that smells .strongly from age, will rob the butter of half its value". IHilk. as it comes from the cow, is exceed- ingly sensitive to odours and taints of all kinds, and, to avoid these, it is necessary that everything with which it comes in contact must be as cool, clean, and fresh as possible. One of the first things to look to is that the cow-house shall be clean, not smelling strongly of manure. Then use well-scoured buckets to milk into, Hurry the milk out of the cow-house and separate it immediately, or set for creaming in pans that arc perfectly clean. The pans that contain the milk must be scalded every time they arc emptied, so that no particle of the old batch can get into the new. The churn must be keot absolutely clean, and of all the dairy implements this is probably the most dangerous; it should be aired as much as possible, and the sun allowed to shine into it often. While no one should ever 'out the bare bands to butter, it mllst be mani- pulated. To do this, in default of a proper butter worker, the best implements are two liat paddleo made of hard wood. The table on which the butter i" worked should also be made of hard wood and-tins can easily be kept clean. Butter should be delivered to the consumer as quickly as possible after it is made. Cream can be kept from three to four days, depending on how cold < it is kept. and how sweet it was when taken from the milk. Never let it get too old, or all your hopes for good quality and high price will be crushed. Put the butter up in one-pound and half-pound rolls or blocks, and ornament, the top with some simple pattern. Now for a bit of enterprise, get some of the grease-proof paper to wrap the butter in, or use cheese-cloth. Do not use old cloths, even though thoroughly clean. What you buy for this purpose will not cost a farthing to rhe pound of butter, while it may add a penny or so to the market value of each pound. A little neatness in *this respect sharpens the appetite of the buyer.

W csh Educational Exhibi- tion. At t he Paris Exhibition of 1900, considerable space will be set apart for the education section, one building will be devoted to setting forth side bv side Educational exhibits from all the cheif countries of the world. Wales (including Monmouthshire) will be treated as a separate country, and in order to make the Welsh section as great success as possible, a preliminary exhibit will be made at Cardiff from July 15th, 1899 until August 5th. in connection with the National Eis- eddfod. The Royal Commission for the Paris Exhibition have arranged that Exhibi- tions similar to that at Cardiff will be held in London and. Edinburgh net January for English and Scottish Education respectively. The Welsh Exhibition, although held six months earlier than I these ought to challenge comparison with them on account of the uniaue position of Education in Wales, with its perfect gradation from the Infants' school to the University, Ail Educational Institu- tions are invited to send exhibits, There are seven groups cf Exhibits arranged. Group A: Exhibits cf the University 01 Wales and its con- stitutem, Colleges, and of other Colleges and places of higher Education. Group B Exhibit's of County (Schools, and other Endowed Schools, and of property of Private schools in Wales. Group C: Exhibits of Technical Schools, and of School oc Art and Music. Group D: Exhibits of Higher Grade Schools, of organised Science Schools, snfj of classes under the Science and Art Depart- moat. Group E: fjxhibits of Teachers' Training Colleges, of Pupil Teachers' Schools, of Public Elementary .*■hools, and of Evening Schools. Group F: ISxhiijits of .schools for. the blind, the deaf and flmb and the mentally deficient. Group G: Exnibits of popular Educational movements, the, Nd-tional and Provincial and Local Eisteddfodau, the Sunday Schools of Wales, Literary Societies, Cymanfaoedd. Public Libraries and Museums. Each group will comprise the following classes of Exhibits ;—Historical and statistical information, pictorial illustrations (including photographs shewing the Welsh Sunday School in operation, photographs of cjsteddfodau See.) schemes of administration and organisation; work done by pupils; physical training, and apparatus for teach- ing. "Wahas rauoh that is worth exhibiting to other nan, In connection with Sunday Schools, Eisteddfodau, and possible Rural Schools, and it is to be hoped thas these sections will contain exhibits wenhily representative or the county. To attain this end much zeal aad co-operation on the part of rhe teachers and Eisteddfoddwyr will be required, avA as notice of the intention to send exhibits to the Exhibition must be sent to Sir, lay lor, the hon. secretary by June 1st, all who wish iK-h; should lose no time in communi- c'ltiag- wuh him.

RHYFELOEDD Y SAIS BACH. GAN Y DIWEDDAR MR. JOHN JOXES, COMMERCE HOUSE (TVON). Mewn amrywiol barthau or deyrnas lion ceir llawer iawn o diroedd a elwir Tir y Goron (Crown Land). Bu amser nad oedd y Brenin neu y Frenhines yn derbyn dim tuag at eu cynal ond a ddeilliau oddiwrth y tiroedd hyn. Ond yn bresenol derbynia y teyrn flwydd-dal pennodol, ac y mae yr holl dir gwyllt neu waste land," fel ei gelwir, o dan reolaeth swyddogion yr Woods and Forests," a'r elw oddiwrthynt yn myned at draul y deyrnas. Yr oedd miloedd lawer o gyfeiriau o'r cyfryw diroedd yn Sir Aber- teifi ond fel y mae y boblogaetli yn cynyddu ac ysbryd at amaethu yn ymeangu, mae darnau yma ac acw yn cael eu gwerthu yn barhaus. Y rhanau gwertlifawrocaf yn ddiau yw y corsydd, y rhai sydd o werth ammhrisi- adwy i'r trigolion eylchynol, lie y torir ac y cynhauafir mawn ag sydd yn danwydd rhag- orol, os ceir tywydd sych a gwresog i'w trin. Rywbi-yd o gylch y flwyddyn 1823 daeth gwr boneddig o'r enw Augustus Bracken- burg i'r wlad hon o Swydd Lincoln, ac a ymserchodd yn fawr mewn rhan o'r tir cry- bwylledig ar y Mynycld Bach, a phrynodd lawer o gannoedd o gyfeiriau yn y fro sydd yn gorwedd yn mhen uchaf plwyf Llanrhys- tyd Mefenydd, Ceredigion. Y terfynau oedd- ynt yn llinell union oddiwrth Droed-y-Foel hyd yn agos i Luest Newydd, ac o Bant-y- gwair hyd Faescrug, oil yn dir garw corsiog oddieithr ychydig is law y Foel. y n Gwedi gwneyd darpariadau angenrheidiol, dechreuodd y Sais adeiladu ty iddo ei liun i fyw ar y Waen Wleb." Cyiiogodd luaws o'r ardalwyr yn seiri meini a choed ac eraill at y gwaith. Yr oedd pob peth yn myned yn mlaen yn ddedwydd dros ben am ryw ysbaid, ond nid oedd trigolion y cwmpasoedd yn foddlawn i adael pethau i fyned yn mlaen yn hir fel hyn. Deailer fod cau i mewn a cholli cymmaint o dir ag- oedd wedi bod am oesau lawer at wasanaeth yr amaethwr byehan a'r llafurwr tlawd, lie y byddent yn anfoa y y I fuwcli a'r ceffYI, ac ychydig nifei- o ddefaid i bori drwy yr haf, a hefyd lie y caffai ei dan- wydd oil yn rhad, yn cyfyngu yn dost ar ei gyfLeusderau i fyw a dwyn i fyny deulu llu- osog, pan yr oedd pob manteision eraill yn ddigon prin i'r gweitlmvr tlawd mown lie anghysbell iel hwn. Digon gwir fod ainrvw 0 r ardalwyr en hunain wedi gwneyc1 yr un peth, gycia r eithriaid hyn-fod y Sais wedi talu i'r Llywodraeth am y tir, a'u bod hwythau wedi cymeryd tameidiau o'r mvn- ydd heb dalu i neb. Eu dull hwy o berehenogi yn gyffredin oedd, gv/ahodd amryw o'r cymmydogion yn- nghyd yn min yr hv/yr i godi *•' ty-unos o dyv/eirch, hyny yw, ei furiavi oeddynt. dy- v/eirch ac ychydig goed yn hCll, o thyweirch teneuon yn do arno, He yna ei-byn y boreu hyddai y perchenog a'i deulu yn syinud i fyw ynddo, ac yn feddianol arno. Ac yna. bob yn ychydig cymerai gae i mewn o'r mynydd, ac adeiladai dy gwell a helaethach. A dyna fe am ei oes yn "freeholder" a phleidliis ganddo i ddewis y inlai-enog dros y Sir yn Senedd y wlad. Fel y crylnvyllwyd, nid oeddynt foddlawn i'r Sais gael ei fibrdd, a rhyw noson ymga.sglodd preswylwyr y cym- mydogaethan yn gannoedd o gwmpas ty y Sais Bach (dynbychan o gorpholaeth ydoedd) a rhoddasant y ty ar dan yn ngwydd ei lyg- aid, yn nghanol y cvnwrf, y saethu, "I Iil bloeddio. Cafodd y Sais ei ddal o flaen y danllwHh arntluol lies oedd ei wallt a'i gern- flew yn tvoeili, a bu agos iawn iddynt ei rostio yn fyw. Dywedai y rhai oeddent yn ei ddal nas gallent hwy oddef Ïw dwylaw gyffwrdd a'r botvmau pres oedd ar ei ddillad, gan angherddoldeb y gwres. Cafodd ddianc o'r diwedd a'i einioes yn ei law, a chawsant hwythau fod yn orchfygwyr ar y pryd. Yn mhen rhyw gymaint o amser nr ol hyn fe gasglodd y Sais nerth a gwroldeb drachefn, a. dechreuodd ar gynllun arall, sef codi ty a chastell yn nherfyn ei etifeddiaeth islaw y Foel. Cymerodd yn nghylch dau gyfair o dir, a thorodd ffos ddofn (:i moato'i gylch yn bedairongl ("square "), ac a'i Uanwodd o ddwfr hyd yr ymylon, ac yna adeiladodd Dwr Crwn ("Round Tower mawr o'r fath gadarnaf yn y oanol, ac ar ei ben gosododd ddeuddeg o fagnelau llwytliog i bwyntio i bob cyfeiriad i'w amddifyn rbag y golynion. Si fynnai y tro iiwn roddi ei hunan ar dmgaredd y cymmydogion, a gofalodd am ddyn mawr cryf o'r Amwythig o'r enw John "W hitial yu amddifymvr porsonol neu fwli. \r oedd ganddo hefyd ddeuddeg o wyr glewion o Saescn yn grefftwyr ae yn wylwyr, a thaflodd bont (-- (lr,;tv-bri(ige ") dros y dwfi- y dydd, a thynent hi i fewn y nos, fel v byddai pob peth yn ddiogel. Gydag ymyl y dwfr tu mewn yr oedd mur uchel o Yr oedd hefyd amryw dai coed oddimewn yn weithdai, lie hefyd yr aneddai y crefft- wyr. Yr oedd wedi vstorio pob math o ymborth yno. I-' Ile v cadwai y pylor, drulliau o boh dull a maintioli; mewn gair nid oedd un o'r lien Farwniaid gynt yn ddiogelach yn ei gastell nag oedd Bracken- burg yn yr amddiffynfa hon. Ar ryw ddiwrnod haf y flwyddyn 1826 daeth Vn ofynol i'r Sais fyned i Aberystwyth— pellder o gwmpas deng milldir, a "Whittal ei amddiftynwr gydag ef. Yr adeg yma, yr oedd cannoedd o bobl yr ardaloedd ar hyd y mynydd yn tori mawn. Aeth y si allan fod y Sais wedi myned oddicartref, ac yna aeth tri o ddynion—yn dirfeddiamvyr, un o blwyf Llanrhvstyd, un o blwyf Lledrod, ac un o bhvyf Llangwyryfon, gyda eu gilydd i ymyl y Pond (oblegid felly y galwent yr amddiffynfa), a gofynasant dros y dwfr i'r Saeson ag oedd yn cadw y CasteU: "Gnn fod ymosodiad ar gael ei wneyd arnynt, pa un ai amddiffyn eu hunain a wnaent, irnteu rhoddi y lie i fyny, ac ymadael yn heddychol." Cawsant ychydig o ..amser i ystyried, ac atebasant nad oeddynt vn bwriadu ymladd, mai gwell oedd ganddvnt vnt fyned i iforcld, ond iddynt gael amser i grynhoi eu harfau, dillad, etc. Ac felly v gwnaethant, tatlasant y bont dros' y "mont," ac ymadaws/mt, a chawsant bob rluvyddineb a sirioldeb gan y byddinoedd i fyned i'w ffordd. Dygwyddodd fod offeiriad a boneddwr evfrifol o'r enw Mr. Lewis, Pantybarwn, wedi myned i'r mynydd y boreu 'hwnw i edi-ych am ei ddynion oedd wrth y mawn pan y clywodd fod y Sais oddicartref, gyrodd nerth traed ei geflyl o gors bwygilydd i .9 hyspysu y peth ac i rybuddio pawb i fod yn barod ar yr amnaid gynt 'f i brysui-o i'r gad, ac yn fuan iawn ar ol hyn cymmerodd Siacci Evan y Go ei gorn mawr, ac a aeth i hen pobclogwyn achwythodd yn egniol yn hwnw nes adsain bro a bi yn :— "Fe chwythwyd yn yr udgorn ar ben yr Hebrysg fawr, Dasth mwy na mil o ddynion ynghyd mown banner awr." Deallodd pawb yr av/grym, ac ymaith a hwy, gan adael y mawn a'r bi-wyn a'r sidan bengoch; daethant mewn pryd i weled y Saeson yn cychwyn i'w ffordd. Erbyn hyn yr oedd yno lawer o gannoedd o bobl wedi ymgasglu, a'r rhan f'wyaf o honjmt wedi parottoi at ymladd, gari ymaifogi a drulliau, offerynau tori mawn, bladuriau, a phastynau. Wedi cael y Saeson i li'wrdd, aethant yn finteioedil dros y bout i'r amddiffynfa., ac yna dechveuoedd y difrod. Gan fod yno ddigonedd o bylor llwythw-yd y gynnau mawrion ar ben y twr a. gollyngwyd amryw ergydion fel arwydd x'> cymmydogaethau fod yr ymosodiad dechreu. Wedi hmv gosodvv'y;! pylor o dan y tai coed a chwyth- wld y rhai'hyrijryn chwilfriw. Yna taflwyd -=- y mur mawr o gwmpas yr amddiffynfa i lawr yn garneddau i'r "moat." Yr oedd eto yr orchest fwyaf heb ei chyf- lawni, sef dinystrio y "Round Tower." Ond, gyda digon o ewyllysgarwch ynghyd a'r pylor defnyddiol, daeth hwnw i lawr hyd ei sylfaeni er cadarned oedd, ac wedi gwneyd pen ar y cwbl, ymadawodd y tyrfaoedd i orphwys. Yr ydym yn credu na weithiodd rhai o honynt erioed yn galetach, ac yn sicr gyda chymaint brwdfrydedd. Yr ydym yn cofio yn dcla y dydd heddyw yr olygfa a gawsom ar y lie yr hwyr hwnw, er nad oeddem ond prin chwe' blwydd oed. Yr oedd yr holl adeiladau yn garneddau, swm aruthrol o goed blith draphlith a'r cerig, ystlyrxtu lawer o gig moch a phob math o ddefnyddiau ymborth yn nofio ar wyneb y dwfr. Mewn gair, yr oedd yr olygfa yn ddangoseg wirioneddol o gastell ac amddi- ffynfa wedi eu cymeryd a'u darostwng gan y gelynion, gyda'r eithriad yn unig nad oedd yno gyrtf y milwyr yn gelaneddau ar ol yr ymdrechfa. Yn ganlyniad i hyn daeth yn helvnt blin ar lawer, daeth y milwyr i fyny o Aberys- twyth, ond yr oedd yr holl ardalwyr weditroi fel nad oedd i'w weled ond y rhai nad oedd iddynt ran na chyfran yn yr ymosodiad. Yr oedd y rhai hyn yn myned yn mlaen a'u gorehwylion fel arferol heb neb i'w dychrynu. Ni ddaliwyd neb y pryd hyn, ond yn fuan wedi hyn, anfonwyd gwys i ddal amryw a chawsant fyned o flaen yr ynadon a'u hanfon i garchar y Sir yn Aberteifi. Bu llawer ysgarmes frwd rhwng swyddogion y gyfraith 0 r-, y a'r trigolion wrth ymdrechu eu eymeI-yd i'r carehar. Wele nn, er engraipht:—• Mae'n debygol fod Jack, Gof yn Esgair, wedi ei nodi allan i gael ei ddal, ac yn nyfnder nos, pan yr oedd yn ei wely, dyma bump neu chwech o bersonau dewrion yn euro wrth y drw.s, a phan agorwyd iddynt, wele hwynt i mewn ac yn gorchymyn i Jaeli i godi a gwisgo ei ddillad yn ddloedi, vi- hyn a fu raid iddo wneyd, ond cafodd rhyw un o'r teulu ffordd i ddianc allan, a ffwrdd ag e vn unionsvth i fvmi at vr hen SsPTcri-irit, -.1- --u Phillips oedd yn byw o fewn haner milldir yn Lluestygonsiens. Yi- oedd hwn yn ddyn cryf, cadarn, pendeifynol, a dewr ac wedi bod yn "sergeant" gyda'r "Volunteers" am liynyddau yn yr Iwerddon a manau eraill, a phan ei hysbyswyd y noson hono fod ei gymydog, Jack y Gof, wedi ei ddal, ni chymerodd amser i wisgo ei ddillad, ond ei lodrau yn unig, ac yr oedd ganddo bren onnen da wedi ei barotoi i fod yn goes pal. Cymerodd hwnw yn ei law, a lawr ag ef i'r Esgair nerth ei dined, ac erbyn hyn yr oedd Jack y Gof wedi ei rwymo a'i ddodi ar gefn ceffyl, a'r swyddogion wrth y gorchwyl o glymu rhaff o'r naill di-oed i'r Hall o dan yr anifail, a thra, wrth y gorchwyl hyny cyn cychwyn, dyma yr hen Phillips yn d'od a dechreu eu mesur yn ddidrugaredd un ac oil a'r goes pal gydag egni ag arddeliad di- gyffeiyb; ac er gwaeddi o honynt am dru- garedd, nid oedd gan Phillips nemavvr o hwnw i'w hebgor i weilch o'u bath hwy. Gosodai arnynt yn ofnadwy gan eu dilvii fel nad oedd haner dwsin o gwnstebli ond megis gwybed o'i flaen. Gwnaethant y peth goreu er eu lies, sef dianc am eu heinioes goreu gallent, ond nid heb noda.u digam- synied ar eu cnawd, a'u hesgyrn hefyd. Ar ol eu herlid yn ddigon pell, dychwelodd Phillips i ryddhau Jack y Go o'i lyffetheiriau; aeth aclref yn y boreu ond achwynai nad oedd y pren onnen yn wertli ei i-oddi yn goes pal ar ol hyn. Darperid y pren at balu yr ardd ond defnyddiwyd ef i ddyrnu swydd- ogion y gyfraith. Cafodd Jack lonydd am ei oes ar ol hyn, beth bynnag oedd eu haedd- ddiant, ni ryïygodd yr un swyddog i'r fangre hono mwyach rhag ofn cyfarfod, fel y dywed- ent, cythraul hwnw a ymosodasai arnynt yn ei grys." Cafodd llawer o dybaco ei gnoi gydag awchlymedd digyffelyb gan Phillips wrth gofio ac adrodd am yr ysgarmes hon am flvnyddoedd wedi hyn. Diameu fed mwy o Has gan yr hen Kingyll yn yr ad- gofion am hyn, nac wrth adgofion dai-ostwng y Gwvddelod cynhyrfus yn yr Iwerddon. Yn mhlith y rhai a df It, iif on-wyd i'r Carcli- ar vn Aberteifi yr oedd Dafydd Evan y Go, a Siacci ei fab, pechod y tad y mae'n debyg oedd gorawydd i weithio yn y distryw mawr fel lhwer ereill, a drv/g y mab oedd yn fwy cyhoeddus fyth, sef chwythu y corn mawr fel y crybwyllwvd, i alw y minteioedd ynghyd. A phan oeddynt yn y cerbyd ar eu ffordd i'r carchar —y dclau a handcuffs" ar eu dwylaw, a phan oeddynt wrth y New Inn, Llangranog, aeth y cwnsfcibl sychedig i mev/n i'r dafarn, gwelodd Siacci ei gyfleu: os oedd ei ddwylaw yn rhwym, yr oedd ei draed yn rhyduion, gadawoild* ei and, gwnaeth y defnydd goreu o'i ffordd, croesodd y wlad, ac ymguddiodd, ac ni welwyd mo hono byth yn y carchar am dori ty y Sais, ond nis gallwn wadu na fu mewn lie cyffelyb droion ar ol hyny am rvw wendidau ereill. Mae Siacci yn fyw ac yn iach y dydd heddyw, yn dorwr beddau, ac yn dorwr cerrig ar y ffordd fawr, ac fel yr hen Sion Caron gynt:— "0.3 caiff yr hen fachgen y ddiod i'w ddwy-en A'r ddeilen i'w ddant," bydd pob peth wrth ei fodd, a thyr y cerrig yn "ysgyrion," ac ni fydd yr un bai ar ei I lorthwylion. fcA chnoa y ddeilen hono nes y bydd fel Patron neu ficer Goronwy Owen yn Walton" a dwy ffrwd xelyngoch yn dylifo i lawr dros ei en." GaUesid meddwl y buasai yr holl helyntion hyn yn ddigon i lwfrhau a digaloni unrhyw ddyn rhesymol, ac y buasai y Sais yn gadael y y fro yma a.'i thrigolion gwrthwynebus am byth. Ond nid felly y Sais Bach, uid oedd yn ei natur i ildio. Daeth yn ol eilwaith, a'r tro hwn symudodd ei babell i ran arall o'i diriogaeth, ychydig yn is i lawr, yn Pant-y- gwair, ac yno adeiladodd dy i fyw, ac a'i gal- wodd yn "Gofadail a Chof- adail" yw enw y ty hyd y dydd hwn. Yn fuan wedi hyn gwerthodd y ty hwn a'r tiroedd DB am arian da, ac a aeth ymaith, ac ni welwyd mo hono byth mwyach. Yn y sefydliad diweddaraf hwn yr oedd pob arwycldion fod heddwch wedi cael ei sefydlu. Beth bynag oedd teimlad yr ardalwyr, ni ddangoswyd yn gyhoeddus yr anfoddlon- rwydd lleiaf. Eu dallineb yn ddiau vn y dechreu oedd yr achos iddynt godi gwrth- ryfel, oherwydd fe gawaai niferoedd o honynt waith cyson a chyfiogau da ganddo, a, talu yn arian, yr hyn beth oedd ddieithr iawn yn yr ardn,loedd hyn y pryd hwnw, ac yn wyir mae amryw yn y gvmydogaeth yn vr vn berchen eiddo, a gweithio i'r Sais.Bach a fu dechreu eu llwyddiant. Yr oedd ganddo yn oruchwyliwr ddyn o'r gymydogaeth a fuasai am rai blynyddau yn byw yn Llundain, ac felly yn gailu siarad y ddwy iaith yn rhugl. Ei enw ydoedd John Jones, neu fel yr adnabyddid ef oreu, "Siacci Sion Satan," ac felly yn wyr i Sion Satan ei hun. Beth oodd yr amgylchjadau a ro»idaS;int hawTl i'r hen greadur i feddianu y teitl ystyrlawn hwn nid yw'n hysbys. Beth bynag oedd, gofalodd y cvmydogion am ei gadw i fyny hyd yn 088 ei fab a'i wyrion. Aethai rhai o'r wynon i'r America, ac yn eu plith un o honynt a adnabyddic1 wrth yr enw, Satan Gioff." Sid oedd dim amheu- aeth am briodoldeb a thti-dd-iad ei syrnam," oblegid yr oedd yn wirioneddol gloff o'i draed, ond i wneyd i fyny am ei anallu corphorol yr oedd ganddo feddwl bywiog acymclivrilgar, yn dduwuiydd craff, ac yn gryn lenor yn ei ffordd ei hun. Ni ddyweawn ddim am ei gymeriad a'i srfle mown cyindeithas. Aeth fel y dywedwyd i America, ac felly aeth y teitl yn extinct yn y wlad hon. Gallem ddwyn i mewn amryw gymeriadau gwreiddiol a fuont vn dal cysylltiad a'r Sais Bach, nid yn unig o blith trigolion Trefenter, ond hefyd dylid cono fod llawer gwalch hir- ben o ganol y wlad wedi cymeryd rhan bwysig yn mrwydiau y Sais, nid am fod ganddynt unrhyw iudd uniongyrchol yn y drafodaetli, ond am eu bod yn dewis gwneyd eu hunain yn hownaid" (fel y dywedai Brutus), a bod a Haw ganddynt yn gorch- fygu y Sais. Mae olion yr hen amddiffynfa. i'w gweled hyd heddyw, ond y mae y rhan fwyaf o lawer, ac agos yr oil o'r rhai a gym- erasant ran yn y gwrthryfel wedi myned i ffordd yr holl ddaear," oherwydd y mae tri- ugain mlynedd a phedair yn gwneyd llawer o gyfnewidiadau ar wyneb yr hen ddaear. Mae agos yr oil o dir y Sais erbyn heddyw yn dwyn cynyrch toreithiog i ddyn ac anifail, fel y gellir dywedyd mai cymwynaswr a fu Brackenburg i'r broydd hyn wedi'r cwbl.— (1890). ■ —i.

[NOTE.—We have pleasure in stating that a short article will appear here weekly from the pen of Philip Sidney. It will, a.s a rule, deal with some topic of local interest other than the purely theological and political. Communications for the writer's consideration may be sent to him c/o Editor. "Welsh Gazette."I III.—THE ENGLISH BAPTISTS, ALBERT- PLACE. Representing as the Baptists do so sturdy an element in the nation, Great Britain can ill afford to see them lose any portion of their relative strength as one of the forces of the country. It is with regret that we heard, at one of the Baptist annual meetings in London, a few days ago, a statement by Dr. Glover, the eminent Bristol minister, to the effect that the denomination is falling to the rear in the matter of church accomoda- tion. Thirty years ago, said he, the sittings in Baptist Chapels were sufficient to provide for three per cent. of the population. But now the popula- tion has grown so much faster than they that they have only sittings for two per cent. instead of three. So far, however, as Aberystwyth is concerned the denomination is well housed in two buildings, just opposite to each other. An article will deal with the older or Welsh Baptist congregation in due course, now we are concerned with its English offshoot, worshipping in a bright, airy chapel, provided with ample sitting accommodation, and enjoying the ministrations of the Rev. Thomas Williams, B.A. Were it necessary to use two words only which should fairly describe his pulpit manner they would assuredly be' piety' a.nd' pathos.' No worshipper could listen to a recent sermon of his, founded on the words in Acts iv., 23, Being let go they went to their own company," without feeling the truth of every word in which the b preacher, with the conviction of mature years, brought home to his hearers the absolute necessity incumbent on all men of forming part of some religious organisation. Most striking and pathetic too was the touch with which he painted before his congregation one scene from the Stella's" last fateful voyage. In listening to lVIr. Williams, it was but natural that a contrast should arise in the mind between such a sermon as his, full of all that could help a man to go down once again and plunge into his week's work with a braver heart for its duties and its temptations, and some dis- courses which were heard in childhood's happy hours, when the awful horrors of a material and visible hell were painted in gruesome colours for our edification sermons which, constantly re- peated, made many a young person dread the return of Sunday. Will anyone be bold enough to say that those days with such sermons were inimitely better for us than the day of present things, when one hears of the loving Father, stern to reprove and punish, yet really with infinite com- passion to forgive and to bless ? The Baptists, as a body, do not seem to have been very numerous in Great Britain before the time of the Long Parliament, when they formed several churches in London and other parts of the country. They were early divided into two classes, the older branch.still known as the General Baptists, who practice open Communion, and the Particular or Close Communion Baptists. The General Baptist Assembly is this year in the 246th year of its constitution, and meets annuallv in London when the Assembly sermon has "from early days formed part of its proceedings. Dr. Clifford, by the way. preached it so recently as 1887 and Dr. Dawson Burns in 1391. The Baptist Union, comprising the Particular Baptist churches, was formed in 1832, and like- wise meets annually. Baptists of both descrip- tions adopt the Independent or Congregational form of church government, and all their ecclci- tical assemblies disclaim any right to interfere with the concerns of individual churches. If any wealthy Baptist visitor to Aberystwyth desires to be gratefully remembered by this con- gregation, and at the same time to do an act of real kindness, the way is open to him or her, for a small good organ is wanted in this chapel. No matter how perfect an harmonium may be, nor how carefully it be played, it is but a woeful substitute at best for an organ. And both minister and people here surely deserve something better than their present instrument of torture." Perhaps nothing in this way is more striking than the difference in musical instruments, between the English and the American places of worship. In the States the majority of churches enjoy a good, musical, well-tuned instrument. One seldom hears there the sickly voice of a wheezy harmonium. On the other hand, we enjoy here and particularly in Wales, hearty congregational singing, so seldom heard "across the pond." Americans compose hymns (some of rare beauty) Englishmen eagerly seine on them and sing them. And Mr. Williams evidently knows how to appreciate and use America's best products, for the sermon alrecly spoken of was in part led up to by Greenleaf Whittier's divine lines beginning:— We may not climb the heavenly steeps, And ending with this noble verse :— We faintly hear, we dimly see, In various phrase we pray; But, dim or clear, we own in Thee The Light, the Truth, the Way. Nothitig more clearly rings out the note of Christian unity between all branches of the visible church than these words J of tha old Quaker poet. If the Baptist accommodation be not keeping pace with our population, her ministers most assuredly maintain a foremost place in that sturdy Nonconformity, so characteristic a feature in our national life; and that being so, the more matter of bricks and mortar will assuredly right itself in a body which, looking back to the seventeenth century, prides itself oil the sturdy spirit of Matthew Caffvn, and in this closing nineteenth century, on the labours of William Carey, under whose direction the whole Bible was translated into six, and the New Testament into twenty-one Hindustani dialects. PHILIP SIDNEY.

IMPORTANT DISCOVERY OF MINERAL OILS IN CARDIGANSHIRE. Perhaps it might interest some of your readers to knewthat petroleum springs have been recently discovered about five miles to the West of Tre- garon, and again at a distanee of 9 miles in the same direction. The liquid has been analysed and one analyst from the north of England reports as I follows It chiefly consists of (1) oily matter, (2) a residue which is of an earthy character and' containing a fair proportion of carbonaceous matter of organic origin hence the cloudiness (1) tho oily matter consists of a mixture of hydro carbons of the paraffin series together with traces of fat oils, &c„ he did not make a very exhaustive analysis beyond that, as the quantity sent was too small (about a pint.) Another eminent analyst reports something similar and adds: There can bo doubt, however, that the oily matter possesses a certain commercial value, but whether sufficient to make it a profitable investment or not I cannot tell without further examination of the product. A German expert has made an offer fbe the property and may be down this week so as tolocato the well or spring and make trial borings on the spot, and no doubt but that the owners will meet him in a fair and reasonable way. About a fort- night ago an analyst from Swansea inspected the place and took samples with him, the result of his experiments is not yet known. An analytical chemist from Birmingham has written for samples. This liquid mttde its first appearance about 18 months ago in a drain on a farm, the drain being cut in a shaly rock. The oily matter comes out with the water in the drain, and when a pool was made, the paraffin remained on the surface whilst the heavy oils sank to the bottom. The now is not continu- ous for two or three days there will be no percepti- ble flow of oil, whilst for the following few days there will be a strong flow of oily matter which smells strongly of petroleum. It is difficult to say from Avhat formation this oily matter is oozing as there are extensive peat bogs on a higher level for miles to the north of it, and it is possible that it issues from shale, as obtained at West Calder and other places in Scotland. The German expert who is backed by one cf the largest financial firms in London, may be able to create a new industry in Cardiganshire, and it is to be hoped that the result of his trials will be a complete success.—COMM. I

In a letter received by the Lord Mayor from Lord Kitchener of Khartoum, thanking him for the Mansion House contribution to the Gordon Memorial College Fund, the latter states that from numerous conversations with the natives on the subject, he can only say their feelings at present are those of absolute amazement at the noble generosity of the British public. Intense surprise is manifogtod in China at Russia's action in demanding another railwav con- cession, which will seriously affect the security of the Rang Kong and Shanghai Banks' last loan. The situation remains unchanged. The Chinese are still greatly perturbed by the Russian demand. 11 During some military manoeuvres in Powis Castle Park last Thursday an oak tree suddenly fell upon a group of children, killing one of them, a girl, and seriously injuring three others. Three thousand postmen went on strike in Paris last Thursday, owing to the refusal of the Senate to sanction an increase in their salary from £ 40 to P,43 per year. Letters were delivered by Republican Guardsmen. The movement is spreading to Lyons, Marseilles, and elsewhere. David Davies, moulder, Chapel-street, Port- madoc, was brought before the local police court last Thursday, charged with having stabbed John Paul, a county court bailiff. 'The informant, Paul, said that he apprehended the accused on Wednes- day under a warrant for debt. Davies struggled and both fell on the ground, where the accused stabbed Paul in the back with a pocket knife, which penetrated through his clothes. Paul went to Dr. Griffith and had the wound attended to. Prisoner was remanded. It is said that the time for the Dissolution of Parliament is informally and approximately fixed at mid-summer, 1901. That is the date for which members of the Unionist Party are shaping their individual arrangements, personal and political. 11 A promise has been given by the Home Secretary to review at the end of five years the sentence often years'penal servitude passed on Mrs. Horner for the manslaughter of her husband, a Liverpool solicitor. Mr. Joseph Arch, M.P. for North-West Norfolk, will retire at the next general election in conse- quence of ill-health. Dawson City was almost totally destroyed by fire on April 25th. Several banks were burned down. The food supplies are, however, sufficient for the wants of the people. A Conference, at which the Czar presided, was held at St. Petersburg on Thursday, to consider a scheme to abolish the transporting of criminals to Siberia. Among the reasons which have had weight with his Majesty one is that Siberia itself is suffering from the presence of a convict popula- tion. A memorial celebration of the Holv Communion was held on Friday—the first anniversary of Mr. Gladstone's death—at St. Peter's Church, Great Windmill-street, Regent-street. Canon Scott Holland preached the sermon. At Hawarden all the members of the Gladstone family attended service in the parish church. There are now about ninety students of the Odessa University under arrest, the University is closed, and all the examinations for the current sessions cancelled. Seven ladies were arrested with the students, their only apparent offence being the sympathy they openly expressed for the rioters by waving handkerchiefs and smiling a encouragement. Shortly after one o'clock on Sunday morning the American Liner Paris, proceeding from Cherbourg after leaving Southampton for New York, ran on the outlying portions of the Manacle Rocks near Falmouth. She was carrying nearly four hundred passengers and a crew of 300 men. So far as is known there was no fog at the time, but a driving, misty rain. How she got into the position which led to the disaster is, at present, a mystery. There was no panic on board, and the whole of the passengers and crew were saved without difficulty, the former being taken off in tugs and boats, and landed at Falmouth. Full details of the death of Captain Bell, who was killed by Cannibals, have just come to hand, on January 18 last Captain Bell, having been ordered down the river from his post at Gambuya (a station on the Aruwimi, some 1,500 miles in the interior) to Basoko (at the* confluence of the Congo and the Aruwimi), left the latter place on an expedition against certain Aruwimi tribes living four days' journey from the river. After two days' march Commandant van "Nert halted and divided the expedition into three sections, each of which consisted of fifty soldiers, commanded by one white man. Lieutenant Giortscn, with his column, was sent in an easterly direction, and Captain Bell was despatched to the south with orders to scour the country, and then to return to the Com- mandant, who pitched his camp and remained where he was with his soldiers and porters. When sent on the expedition Captain Bell was in bad health, and very weak from repeated attacks of fever. While marching in Indian file through a dense forest, they were suddenly surrounded by 300 spearmen. The cannibals naturally overcame Captain Bell and his two companions. In accord- ance with their usual custom when a white man is killed, pieces of the body were despatched to all the surrounding villages to inflame the natives. Portions of the bodies were then found in a village 20 miles distant from the scene of the struggle. In the punitive expedition a hundred natives were kiled and a number taken prisoners. The output of gold from Klondykc during the season is expected to exceed fifteen million dollars from individual mining only. The wall of a house in course of construction at Crc-feld, fell in without, a moment's warning on Saturday, and twelve workmen were ldlled: "The two contractors were severely injured. The steamship Antarctic left Stockholm on Saturday for the east coast of Greenland, in search of Herr Andree and his two companions. General Otis, in reporting the arrival of the Filipino Commissioners, says that they wish to consult the United States Commission, which they will do on the 22nd inst. There powers are limited, and, apparently, an armistice is a condition precedent to negotiations. Aguinaldo asks for a cessation of hostilities, in order to ascertain the desires of the Filipino people. The town of Porosow, in Warsaw, has been completely destroyed by fire. Twelve lives were lost, while about 3,000 persons were rendered homeless and are camping out in the fields. Great distress prevails. The outbreak is believed to have been due to incendiarism. On Saturday evening, David Davies (17), son of Mr. Thomas Davies, weaver, Wellnield-road, Carmarthen, was crossing the Myrtle-hill road of the G.W.R., near Carmarthen Junction, when he was knocked down by an engine and killed instantaneously. Queen Wilhelmina and the Queen Mother arrived at the Hague on Tuesday evening. Their Majesties were received with great state at the station, and a number of foreign delegates to the Conference were there. The Queen gave a grand soiree on Wednesday evening in honour of the Peace delegates, The invitations numbered 500, and the reception took place in the great ballroom of the palace. M. do Staal received a reply of. the Czar to the telegram sent to' his Majesty by the Conference. The delegates met on Friday morning in the apartments of M. de Staal, to arrange some details. Sir Julian Pauncefote (Great Britain). Mr. White (United States), Count Minister (Germany). M. Bourgeois (France), and all the other heads of delegations were present. No difficulty arose at the meeting, which resulted in an agreement to appoint three committees to deal with the three groups of questions to be discussed viz. Disarmament, the laws of welfare, and mediation and arbitration. In order to facilitate the appoint- ment of members of these committees, it was dacided that each chief delegate should designate on his own responsibility among the memccT3 of his delegation those whom he wishes attached to any particular committee. The Exchange Telegraph Company states that a cablegram received in London on Saturday says that although the popular excitement in Johannes- burg is considerably allayed, the sentries in all the Transvaal are kept doubled, and cn Saturday morning further supplies of shell and small arms ammunition were put into the magazines. The garrisons were increased by over 50 per cent. Extraordinary precautions are at the artillery canru out: i:ie Pretoria, wlwTp. leave of absence i* -u scarcely given, and the field batteries are ready to turn out at a moment's notice. The recent despatch of relief troops and supply drafts to South Affrica has had a disquieting effect on the Boers, and the fact that several British Reserve Men are amongst those arrested is regarded by the burghers as proof of the popular belief that Great Britain has a large body of Reservists in the Transvaal, who are pre- pared to mobilise and act at any time from Bioem- i'ontein. There is further news of the serving out of ammunition and Mauser rifles to such burghers as are not already fully armed and equipped. Prominent South. Africans at present in London hope that quietude will ensue, but at the same time say that, considering the state of the public mind all round in the Transvaal, nobody can tell what a day may bring foith.

Business Notices. TAILORING ESTABLISHMENT, 13, pIER STREET, ^BERYSTWYTH. J DAVID JAMES. Suitings, Coatings, Trouserings, &c., in the best fashion and at reasonable prices. Cricketing and Boating Suits made to order on the Shortest Notice. FOR WELSH WOOLLEN GOODS GO TO ROWLAND MORGAN, LONDON HOUSE, ABERYSTWYTH. WM. THOMAS, COAL AND LIME MERCHANT, ABERYSTWYTH. BRICKS, SLATES PIPES of every I description always in Stock. DAVID MORGAN, DRAPERY .1 AXD MILLINERY ESTABLISHMENT, 18, pIER STREET, ^BERYSTWYTH, DAYID EVANS, WATCHMAKER, JEWELLER & OPTICIAN, 39, GEEiT Dakkgate St" ABERYSTWYTH, (Opposite the Lion Royal Hotel,) Invites your attention to his Choice Stock of JEWELLERY, Comprising all the Latest Designs and mast Fasliion- able Patterns in GOLD, SILVER, PEBBLES & JET SILVER PLATE SUITABLE FOR PRESENTATIONS. G OLD AND gILVER "^TATCIIES IN GREAT VARIETY. H. if. DAVIES, PHOTOGRAPHER, PI Ell STREET, (Removed one door above.) ABERYSTWYTH. HH. D., having removed to larger premises, o begs to inform the public generally that he is now enabled, with the be ter facilities at his disposal, to execute all orders p omptlv. In thanldng his numerous patronisers for their kind support in the past, he trusts that his care and attention will merit a continuance of the same. MRS. M. E. DAYIES, COXFECTIOXER. JPIER STITFET, ABFIIYSTWYT11 JL )0 A H A VIXG given up the Confectionery business, begs to thank hor numerous customers for their past support and to state that she will still retain her DINING ROOMS she trusts will continue to receive a share of public patronage. LAMG. ILOYD, COACIIBUILDERS, ALFRED TLACE, ABERYSTWYTH. Carriages made to order on the shortest notice. Experienced Men kept for all Branches. CARRIAGES FOR SALE. SUMMER FASHIONS. C. M. WILLIAMS, BEGs respectfully to announce that he is now showing a good selection of NEW GOODS SUITABLE FOR THE PRESENT SEASON. Nmv HATS AND BONNETS. NEW MILLINERY. FEATIIRRS AND FLOWERS. "j^EW Elh'hONS AND LACES. NEW DRESS MATERIALS. NEW GOWNS AND SILK SCARFS. NEW SILK UMBRELLAS, &c. r NOTED HOUSE FOR STYLISH HATS AND BONNETS. SPECIAL ATTKVTIOX PAID TO MOURNING ORDERS. NEWEST SHAPES IN HATS AND CAPS, TIES, SCARFS COLLARS, CFFFS, &C. Inspection mspeafcfully invited. C. M. WILLIAMS, ^ENERAL "J^R APERY jpSTABLTSHMENT, 10, PIER STREET, ABERYSTWYTH. 1% Printing. OF EVERY DESCRIPTION QUICKLY AND EATLY ][)ONE AT THE "Ulclsb Gazette" PRINTERIES BRIDGE ST. qhays Ijn. ABERYSTWYTH. QHAEOES ODERATE ESTIMATES FREE ENGLISH AND WELSH WORIC Br RELIABLE AND COMPETENT IEN. TRANSLATIONS ON EASY TEEMS. GWNEIR POB MATH o Argraffwaith y DDESTLUS A BUAN YN SWYDDFA'R "Welsh fiazettc" HEOL YBOXT A i RIJ ^BERYSTWYTH, AM BltlSIAU IIHESYMOL. CYFIEITHIR LLAWYSGRIFAU CYIREIG A gEISNIG AR DELERATJ RHAD. a EVERY KIND OF ARTISTIC AND COMMERCIAL AMD COMMERCIAL Printina. QUICKLY ANI) NEATLY DONE I AT TIIB "Welsh Gazette" PRINTERIES, BRIDGE ST-PIEET (TOP OF GRAY'S Ix ROAD), ABERYSTWYTH.