The Brecon County Times Neath Gazette and General Advertiser for the Counties of Brecon Carmarthen Radnor Monmouth Glamorgan Cardigan Montgomery Hereford

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"KEY" INDUSTRIES. A LESSON OF THE WAR. One"Ûf the most important fessons of the war-and one which is being more and more pressed on public attention, we are glad to observe—is the vital importance of our "key" industries, and the necessity for securing con- trol of them, and of those materials essential to their existence, which exist in abundance within the Empire. A "key" industry, as is now well -known, is one which is relatively small but which opens the door to other and greater industries. As an example we may take the dye industry, with an annual con- sumption of products in -this country of something like £:2;000,000, which is essential to other industries with a turn-over of about £ 2<>0,000,000. Among other industries which, although comparatively small in themselves, are essential to the working of much larger industries, are zinc spelter, tungsten, nickel, magnetos, optical and chemical glass, and hosiery needles. "A QUESTION OF NATIONAL EXIST- ENCE." ]Nlaiiy. !of these "key" industries, as Mr Lloyd George stated in the House of Commons on March 23rd. 1910, "Germany has very cunningly and craftily been building up, not with a view to trade but with a view 00 war. We found ourselves almost done," he said, because we had not got certain industries in this country. There are several new busi- nesses which are essential to war as well as to commerce which we have built up, and it will be a fatal blunder if we ever allow those industries to go own. That is a question neither of Protection npr Free Trade. It is essentially a question of national existence." Fortunately this view of the facts is being increasingly brought home to the public mind, and it cannot be realised too clearly. It is vital to our very existence to retain in our own hands control of the means of production and of national defence. A POLICY OF ECONOMIC SECURITY. The policy of this country and its Allies as regards key" industries was laid down in clear and unequivocal language at the Paris Conference of 1916. One of the resolutions there unanimously adopted states The Allies decide to take the necessary steps without delay to render themselves independent of the enemy countries in so far as regards the raw materials and manufactured articles essential to the normal development of their economic activities. Whatever may be the methods adopted, the object aimed at by the Allies is to increase production within their territories as a whole to a sufficient extent to enable them to maintain and develop their economic position and independence in relation to enemy countries." The report of the Balfour Committee on Essential Industries makes the meaning of this resolution perfectly clear, so far as the British Empire is concerned. It says There are certain special commodities which are essential to national safety as being absolutely indis- pensable to important British industries, and were supplied before the war entirely or mainly from present enemy sources or from sources under enemy control. We are informed that in drafting the first of the permanent resolutions of the Paris Economic Conference the representatives of His Majesty's Govern- ment had especially in mind industries (which have come to be known as key or pivotal' industries) concerned with the production of commodities of this kind." THE BASIS OF ESSENTIAL INDUS- TRIES.. It is obvious that many essential indus- tries are of wider scope than key industries, and are of equally vital importance to the economic life of the nation. They include our

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CHURCHtRMY HUTS. Garden Fete at Caer Beris. By-permission of Major and Mrs Harcourt Wood a garden fete was held at their residence, Caer-Beris, near Builth Wells, on Wednesday afternoon, in aid of the Church Army Huts. The fete was organised by Miss E. Vaughan, The Castle, and its great success was due to her untiring efforts and the loyal assistance she re- ceived from a numerous band of helpers. Tea was provided at a nominal charge, and owing to the number present exceeding expectations, it was only with difficulty that the requirements of all the visitors were met.. A short meeting was held during the after- noon, at which a Chaplain of the Forces spoke I of the need to find 100 huts for the Western Front. He remarked that they were not running these huts for profit but for the pleasure and comfort of-those engaged in the great struggle for freedom and liberty. Ex- cellent work was being done in the Church Army Hnts, the Huts of the Y.M.C.A., and of the Salvation Army, and he/asked the public to support them all. He gave a graphic description I of the way the huts provided comforts and hospitality to men returning from the fighting line covered with mud and blood, and how they brightened up the men and brought to them pleasant recollections of their families in dear old England. In conclusion he appealed for liberal support to help -make up the £20,000 that was required at present for Church Army I huts in France. Some pretty dances were gracefully per- formed by a group of girls from the Builth Council School, and music was supplied by Carter's String Band. ( To help Miss Vaughan in her efforts, an eisteddfod was organised in the evening, aiid presided over by Mr Denham. Mr Tom Law- rence, the secretary of the eisteddfod com- mittee, was responsible for the programme, and the adjudicators were Mr T. J. Harris, A.R.C.M., assistant choirmaster at Westminster, for music and Mr Lewis, of Barry, for ¡ recitations. The prize-winners were :—Novice solo, Miss Wyndham, Cardiff children's solo, Miss Gladys Jones, Blaenavon female solo, Miss Hamer, Troedyrhiw recitation, Miss Gladys Jones, Blaenavon male solo, Mr Tom Thomas. Mrs Wenham assisted with the arrangements during the day and lent a piano for the occasion. I

GWILLIM'S MAGGOT LOTION. FOR MAGGOTS IN SHEEP. Kills instantly. Does not injure the wool and the Fly will not attack after its use. In handy tins, 1/9, 3/ 4/6, 7/6. ONLY OF Walter Gwillinia M.P.S. Agricultural Chemist, BRECON.

J. E. NOTT & CO., LTD. CAN OFFEtt FROM STOCK Deering and Albion Mowers One and Two Horse. The Lightest and Best Machines obtainable. ALSO McCormick & Albion Binders which should be booked early to avoid disappointment. J. E. NOTT & CO., LTD., Brecon & Llandrindod Wells.

) ¡. BRECON COUNTY PETTY SESSIONS. Friday.—Before Messrs. Owen Price and I A. A. Mitchell. TALYBONT CASES WITHDRAWN. Walter A. G. Mallier, of Drawbridge Cottage, Talybont-on-Usk, was summoned for doing damage to the extent of 6s. to a window, the property of Samuel Davies, White Hart Inn, Talybont-on-Usk, and for assaulting Catherine Davies. wife of Samuel Davies, on the 6th inst. The Deputy-Clerk (Mr. W. Jones-Williams) announced that Mr. Lewis W. H. Jones, on behalf of the complainants, applied to with- draw the two summonses, <y,n apology having "Y been given and the damage made good. The Bench consented to the withdrawal. LLANGYNIDR DUAL CHARGE-. John Prothero, labourer, of Glanrafon Cot- tage, Llangynidr, was charged by Wm. Morris, ely of Caemadoc, Llangynidr. with stealing timber value 5s. and with damaging a fence to the extent of 10s., between July 25th and 27th. Mr. A. Jolly (Messrs. Edgar Thomas and Harries* Brecon) appeared to prosecute, and Mr. J. P. Jones Powell (Messrs. Jeffreys and Powell, Brecon) defended. Prosecutor stated that defendant lived in a cottage close to Nantygwynen, a second holding in witness's occupation. Near defendant's house witness had a long spruce pole on a fence for crossing purposes and missed it on July 27th. He identified the pieces of wood produced by P.C. Bendle as parts of that pole. From another part of the meadow he missed a long pole, which he had made part of the fence to keep the sheep back, and from the riverside he missed two large pieces of pitwood which lie had placed to stop his neighbours' animals coming into his field. He identified the pit- wood produced by the Police. He had seen defendant on his land. Cross-examined He had been at Cae- madoc 15 years and until two years ago defendant and himself "got on all right," but he denied that since that time they had been "at daggers drawn." He had not knocked defendant down on the road. Some logs were- left by hauliers in a corner of a field where there was a right of way which defendant used. Wm. Daniel Meredith, a boy employed by prosecutor, and Edward Richards, Wern Farm, Llangynidr, Ngave corroborative evidence as to the fences. Police Constable Bendle, of Talybont-on- Usk, proved finding the wood produced on defendant's premises, -and said that defendant told him he took the two large pieces from Mr. Morris's field by the river, but the other pieces (cut up) he brought from the Gloedfawr Wood, where he had been working. Replying to the Clerk, witness said he took possession of the wood produced because it answered the description given by Mr. Morris. Defendant pleaded not guilty and gave evidence. He said he had been at Elangynidr for 63 years. He was tenant of Nantygwynen for 28 years and prosecutor followed him there. After timber hauling in April from a neigh- bouring wood, a number of pieces were left in a corner of a field where there was a right of way, and there were still three or four pieces there. He took the big pieces away thinking they did not belong to anybody. Witness worked in Gloedfawr Wood for Mr. Phillips, who gave him permission to take wood from there. He had not damaged any fence belong- ing to Mr. Morris. He showed the constable ¡ where he got the wood. I Joseph Phillips, owner of the wood referred to by defendant, said he believed he told Mr. Prothero to take firewood if he wanted it. The Bench fined defendant 15s. in one case and 5s. in the other.

Curate's Tragic End. A pitiful tragedy was disclosed at Plasmarl, Swansea, on the 14th inst., when the Rev. William Matthew Thomas, curate of Rhayader, who was staying at the house of his parents, was found in an outhouse with his throat cut. The rev. gentleman expired almost immedi- ately. He was 27 years of age, and took the degree of B.A. at Lampeter College. He was studying for his B.D., but had been attacked by influenza, his health being seriously impaired. At the inquest the jury returned a verdict that death was due to a wound self-inflicted in I a state of temporary insanity.

:t A FARMER'S TROUBLES. Builth Wells Prosecution Under the Growing Grain Order. At Colwyn Petty Sessions, held at Builth Wells on Monday before Mr. H. Evan- Thomas (in the chair) and Mr. William Prothero Wm. Thos. Moore, of Glftnoer, Bettws Disserth, was charged with a breach of the Growing Grain Order of 1917. Mr. G. W. Moseley, Llandrindod Wells, prosecuted on behalf of the Police and Mr. E. P. Careless, Llandrindod Wells, defended. P.C. Frank Johns stated on the 10th inst. he inspected one of defendant's fields that had been sown with oats and found .that it had been grazed. Witness saw defendant on. the 12th inst. and asked him for an explanation. He replied that the cattle had broken into the field and he could not keep them from it he tried for three days to prevent them, but when he found that the crop had been spoiled he gave it up to them. Witness had noticed that there were big gaps in the hedge and that it wanted pleaching. Defendant, who pleaded not guilty, stated that he came to Glanoer from a farm near Kington in March last. He had farmed near Kington for 21" years, but he came to Glanoer because the farm belonged to his brother, who was abroad. He found it was in a very bad condition and the hedges were in a bad state of repair. He complied with the ploughing orders. putting 20 acres under the plough. He did it all himself and it was rather late when it was completed. With the assistance of Mr. Minton he had the fence between the oat field and the field where the cattle were grazing properly glatted, and when the cattle started breaking into the corn he tried to prevent them-doing so by using all the barbed wire he could find. He blended some of the cattle and also tied their heads to heir legs, but all to no purpose. He watched for four or five days and as late as 11 o'clock at night, and used every possible means to prevent the cattle. breaking into the corn, but failed. The seed for the field in question cost him 9 10. Richard Minton, Drovers' Arms," Franks- bridge, said he hedged round the oat-field for Mr. Moore, and the hedge was strong enough but in spite of all the cattle broke it down. There was but very little grain on the field, as it was- poor soil. The crop last year was nothing but thistles, and it was carted to a heap at the bottom of the field. Thomas James, The Nant, stated that he lived on an adjoining farm and in his opinion Mr. Moore had done all he could to protect the grain. Mr. Careless maintained that before the Bench could convict it must be proved that Mr. Moore wilfully allowed the grain to be grazed. The Order did not expect him to do what was absolutely impossible. The Chairman said the summons would be dismissed on payment of costs, as they felt that r. Moore had had a difficult task to perform. They hoped that by next year he would be able to have more labour to work his farm.

Educational. llodlaøds Day ft Boarding School for Girls Preparatory for Little Boys) OAMDEN ROAD, BRECON. Principals: Miss Park-Brown and Miss Wright, A.R.O.M. Usual English Sabjeota, Nature Study, Needle work, French, Drawing, Painting, Health Exercises, Danoing. Masio a speciality. SHORTHAND and BOOK-KEEPING. Outside Students may attend for any of the above subjects. CASTLE HOUSE, BRECON. SeHOOla FOR GIRlaS ■ Alia PREPARATORY FOR BOYS Principal JUJ88 KING. PRIVATE TUITION. MR. iv. P. 1. LiBROCQ, M.A., F.L.B., F.R. Met. Soo. (Honours, Christ's College, Cam.) PREPARES PUPILS for Commissions in the JL Army and Navy, and for Law, Medioal, Civil Service and other Entrance Examinations Private lessons in Botany, practical Botany with use of Microscope, Mathematics, Frenoh, Nature Study, eto.

H M BUILTH RURAL TRIBUNAL. Mr Roger Evans (chairman) presided over a. meeting of the Builth Rural Tribunal held on Monday last, and others present were Messrs.. Roger Powell. Rees Jones, John Jones, J. Jones Hope, W. W. Lennard (clerk), Captain Wilson (county National Service represen- tative) and Mr 0. Samuel (Board of Agri- culture representative). The N.S. Representative reviewed the certi- ficate of conditional exemption held by William James Price, Tirgarw, Beulah, mason and smallholder, employed on the Llwynmadoc estate. L Mr H. Evan-Thomas, the agent, said the estate was between nine and ten thowsand acres in extent, and divided into about one hundred holdings. In pre-war days there were four masons kept, but at present the work was entrusted to Price and an old man of 73 years of age. Captain Wilson asked if it were possible to find an older man in the district who could do Price's work. Mr H. Evan-Thomas No. Exemption for six months was granted. LLANGAMMARCH HOTEL STAFF. The certificate of conditional exemption held by Frank Bertram Leroni, Lake Hotel, Llangammarch Wells, Grade 3, was next reviewed. Mr Leroni considered that it was unnecessary to bring his case up on that occasion, pointing out that he was doing valuable service where he was. He was working from 8 a/m. till 12 p.m. every day, Sunday included. Captain Wilson said the object of reviewing these cases was to ascertain that people were fully occupied. Six months' exemption granted. The application of John Williams, Mount Pleasant, Llangammarch Wells, 50 years of age, employed as gardener at the Lake Hotel, was considered. Mr Leroni said that if Williams was taken they would have to.close up the hotel. Captain Wilson said that Williams was not wanted for the Army, but he could be of service on the land. Mr Leroni said the kitchen garden at the Lake Hotel was about three acres in extent, and he could see no reason in the argument that they could buy the vegetables instead of growing them. Captain Wilson said the hotel was not carried on in the national interest, but for profit to the trustees, and although Mr Leroni was a Grade 3 man he could be made very useful in the Army. Williams was granted exemption for three months. The certificate of conditional exemption held by Joseph Lawrence, Peterwell, Builth Wells, stockman, milkman, and milk deliverer, was withdrawn and Lawrence was told to get the voucher of the War Agricultural Executive Committee. Walter John James, Tower Hill, Cefnybedd, pitwood haulier, did not appear to support his application for exemption and it was refused.

LLANGORSE. Induction of the Rector.—The Rev. Jason Thomas was instituted and inducted as rector of Llangorse by the Bishop of Swansea at the Parish Church on Sunday afternoon, in the presence of A large congregation. Evensong was said by the Rev. D. H. Picton, rector of Catherine, and the usual ceremony of opening the door and ringing the bell was duly per- formed, with the churchwardens in attendance. The Bishop delivered an interesting address explanatory of the meaning of the ceremony.

The Great War—The Yankees. The boys from the West are into the fray, They mean to put down what is wrong To smash "Might is right," which Germans* delight To laud, as their "Kultur," in song. Wee Jove you, brave boys, strong-hearted as steel, The ocean you faced, without fear 'Gainst enemy craft, and submarine shaft, You bore up for Liberty, dear. Bold, noble young men, our brothers in arms, You are more than cousins to day For Britons and Yanks, together in ranks, Unite now, the foul beast to slay. Strike up, ye bands, "The Star Spangled Banner," The strain that we all love to hear Let the "Stars and Stripes," love's emblems and types, Unsullied, float high far and near. We Britons have need our brothers to thank, The Yankees, far famed and renowned, For butter and cheese, for bacon and peas, For breadstuffs, and other things found. Beloved U.S.A. has been the backbone, And Jonathan's proved the true friend Of nations allied, to humble the pride Of Kaiser, and Prussian rule end. Where the cause is right, the Yankees will fight, As Germany finds to her cost By millions they'll come, and make things to hum, r Till Germans acknowledge they've lost. H.G.S. Post Office, Erwood, 12th Aug., 1918.

great staple trades, such as the iron and i^eel industry, engineering, ship-building, the electrical trades, and the textile and chemical industries. If we would support these and other "essential" industries in their fullest efficiency it is obvious that we must keep in our own-h,-inds those smaller industries and products which experience has shown to be necessary torthe success of our greater indus- tries. As the Balfour Committee report says Those industries which we have described as key or pivotal' should be maintained in this country at all hazards and at any expense. No ordinary economic rules apply to the situation I of these minor but important industries. They must be kept alive either by loans, by subsidy, by tariff, by Government contracts, or in the last event by Government manufacture."

is mufcn iiij.un.er, ana tne upper manaiDie 18 also more full than that of the goose, which appears to be shrunken about the nostrils. "W. T."—A DOUBLE EGG.—These are not uncommon and, like other egg malforma- tions, are due to wrong management—gener- ally overfeeding, if such a thing is possible to- day! A bird which Has produced several of these eggs (as ypu say) should be put on a less stimulating diet, placed in a dark coop by herself, and be given ft rest from laying for a week or two.