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NOliTEI WALES .SANITARY INSPECTORS'…
NOliTEI WALES .SANITARY INSPECTORS' ASSOCIA- TION. INTERESTING MEETING AT RHYL. VISIT TO THE NEW PAVILSON AND MARINE GARDENS, DESCRIPTION OF FERRO CONCRETE WORK BY MR HARRY BURKE, C.E. On Saturday the members of the North Wales Saaitary Inspectors' Association visaed iiiiyl for their sessional meeting. The day was boauu- f lùJy lmoC, and the new marine gardons nmh pavilion works were soon to the bøsl advantage. Too company first a-ssembied in the tea-rooms adjoining' the gardens, and here Mr A. A. doifJail (town surveyor), who has designed the gard 'ns and their buildings, described his work. He said that. Rhyl for many years. was noted for its s&.ids, sunshine and shmniis, bui of late years it had beoomo notorious for tiros, two iiiie pavilions being destroyed in that way. To lires and sand, therefore, the scheme now being can- ned out might be attributed. In the winter months sand w&i blown up from the shore In enormous quantities, and the oost. of its removal amounted to about 3d in the i). This serious item, and the fact that Rhyl had no pavi.ion after the Palace was destroyed, induced the C'ouiioJ to do something theruso.ivJs. Following the introduction of tho echeme by Mr J. H. Eil Is a deputation was appointed to visit Yar- mouth, where t.he sand trouble had been suc- cessfully overcome. Tho result waa that the town had decided to go in for marine gardens and a new pavilion. Four acres of foreshore were taken up ill the scheme, three being de- voted to the gardens. The plans of the new pavilion were entrusted to Messrs Maxwell and Tuki.' and F. B. Smith, after several eminent archil ei-is had sent in designs. Mr Goodall then described the gardens, which are surrounded on two sides by shelters, the south boundary being the Promenade, and the west side the pavilion. In the oentre of the gardens is a fine bandstand, with an asphalted surrounding. The laying out of the gardens and sea-wall had been done dpl)artnwittav, the estimated cost being £ 4750, while the pavilion, which is the first of its kind in the I MVd: Kingdom, will cost about £9250, the material used in its construction being as far as practi- cable ferro, or reinforced, concrete. VISIT TO THE PAVILION. The delegates were conducted over the build- ing by Mr Stead (resident engineer), who de- scribed the method by which forro concrete was used. At present the auditorium is a confusion of timber uprights and boardings, serving to support and mould the concrete baioony and the concrete cornice above which will spring the central dome. Great, interest wag taken in the pillars which wiil support the dome, and in order to test the strength of the ferro concrete several of the party tested it with hammers, but failed to make any impression on it. It wat* explained that the gallery is in one solid piece, the cantilever principle being followed, while the dome is made of ferro concrete in one li/ncj Span, the outside being of white granite with red spar rib,. The marino baioony Will surround, thQ dome, and this portion of the work was in progress on Saturday. Being tho first, oocasion oOn which the delegates had seen ferro concreic, used they were naturally much interested 1n the work. BUSINESS MEETING: A WELCOME. The noting was held subsequently in tho Council Chamber, when the chair was taken by Air G. A. Tavorner (chairman of the Council, Among those present were: Mr A. Ilhydw-tiij Jones (vice-chairman), Mr 11. A. Tudv, Mr J. II F 113 (rhe originator of the scheme), Mr Edmund Hughes, Mr J. W. Jones; Dr. Williams, .Wrexham; Messrs R H. Parry (president, of the Association), Gwvrfal; W. E. Ilughœ, Oonuahs Quay; Levi John, Conway; D. L. Williams, ,VVTre-vliam; J. A. Jones. Wroxharn; G. Davics. 13.1aenau Feetirnog; \V. II. VVorrall, Bangor; W. Littler, Llandudno; J. J. Marks, ex-chairman of the I^u-ndudno Council, R. I<owe, Rhyl; J. O. Jones, Wrexham; E. Evans, Nantglyn; W. Jonos, Ruthin; Mr Griffiths, contractor fpr the pavilion; Mr Stead, resident engineer; Mr Buckncll; Mr H. Roberts, foreman of tho pavil- ion; Mr Harry Burko, C.E., Manchester; Mr R. J. Lftig-lif--s, Penmaenmiiwr (?/oeretary), and others. Mr TAVERNER said ho had the greatest plea- sure in welcoming the Association to Ithyl, and did so in the name of the Council, of thot town. and on his own behalf. He was told that it was three years ago since they had visited, Illiyl, and that it was eleven years sinoe their first visit. Ho hoped that, as they had en- joyed that afternoon the salubrious air of the town they would come more often, as they must realise that Rhyl was a health resort not exeehod in the Principality (hear,, hear). lie thought they had derived somo profit and pleasure frpm an inspection of the fine pavilion they were putting up, and from their visit to the new marine gardens—the first of their kind on ISorih Wales Coast (hear, hear) 110 regretted that their Medical Officer (Dr. A. Eyton Lloyd) could not be present, for the Rhyl pooplo felt that lie was an official who was not excelled, if equalled, in the Principality (hear, hear). That Association was a purely educational institution, and he trusted that their vijit would be of bene- fit to all concerned. Mr MARKS proposed a. hearty vote of thanks to Mr Tuverner for his welcome. They were greatly interosjed in the works they had seen, and believed they would be not only a great at- traction to Rilyl, but a lasting monument to the foresight and pluck of the Rhyl Council (ap- plause). It would be very foolish on the part of anyone interested in another watering-place to h0 jcaiQus of what Rhyl was doiog-(hear, hear)—as whatever directly benetlted one water- ing piaoa the North Wale-a Coast also inctto rectly benefited other towns as well. Judging from the warm welcome extended to the Associa- tion that afternoon he was of opinion that it would not be three years before they cam.ei agitm (laughter and hear, hear). The vote of thanks was carried with applause, and their Mr Parry took the cliair for tho business meeting. THE BUSINESS SESSION. Mr John Evans, Wrexham, w elected a mem- hpcr, and the CHAIRMAN expressed tho hope that -.i-e new men] ber would be as loyal to tho Association as had been his Wrexham colleagues. PLANING AND HOUSING BILL. The Secretary placed before the mooting copies oi various Bills now before the House of Com- mons dealing with sanitary matters, and Mr MARK'S urged that they should take no- tice of section b7, sub-sectio.n 3 of the Planing and Housing Bill, which, ho said, placed the medical officers in a peculiar position, as it pro- posed to take away from County and District Council the power of appointing medical offi- cers. He was afraid that that vai a retrograde Step, as it might load to the appointing of numerous medical officers at salanes of about £ 10, and no matter how capable medical gentle- men might be in their ordinary profession they did not "possess that training which medical offi- cers of health required. He proposed that they urge the Parliamentary Committee of tho Central Body io take steps to oppose tins clause. Mr WORRALL (Bangor) seconded, and it was carried. DAIRIES AND COWSHEDS.. The PRESIDENT said he had intended tp address them on the subject of dairies and cow- sheds, which was a matter of great interest to many but in view of the fact that they had present Mr Harry Burke, C.E., of Manchester, who was to read a paper on "Ferro Concrete, he would postpone tus remarks to a later date. From what they had seen of ferro concrete at the new pavilion they were most anxious to hear the paper, as the subject was new to maey of then, and it was of the greatest importance to them that they should know the possibilities of such a wonderful material, and not lose any opportunity of gaining knowledge about it. INTERESTING PAPER ON FERRO CONCRETE. Mr HARRY BURKE, C.E., Manchester, gaid The Pantheon at Rome is a remarkable and convincing testimony to the value and durability of concrete. It was built by Agrippa two thousand years ago, and stands to-day as the most perfect of the old olassio buildings in Rome. The walls of the circular part are nearly 20 foet in thickness, while the roof is a hemi- spherical concrete dome of 142 feet 6 inches fipan with a circular opening in the centre about 30 feet in diameter. It ctoes not show a single crack, which is remarkable, apd one can- net doubt that the success which the early Romano had in applying concrete in important eut-;inooiing- and architectural operations ft ui t>2 surpass* in presout- genera-ti-on* 1 he works oi thano early Roman architects and budders in oeojent have endured the ravages of time, and still existing side by side with those built ot natural stone are sufficient eviddnce of the fact I cl the durability of concrete in building oon- struotu-n. More remarkable does it seem that ti-Lot-0 early Romans have had such a. success with their concrete buildings, seeing that they were "built with Potsoland, a material greatly inferior to the modern Portland, conient. From i this you will see that ooncreto has boon in use i7 an a material of construction from very early tirrwe, and itu use haii largely increased in re- cent years aa it, became possible to obtain cetnr-nt of good and reliable quality with greater facility. Wo can now get a ocment from any of the best makers sufficiently safe for any class J of structure, and to pass any tcst which the Britsh Standard Committee .-ave franio • readon why the use of concrete has been i till a few years ago was owing to its oornpara- tive weakness in its resistance to tonsUe ana transverse strain,, but when reiutorccd by lroa or stool to withstand tlieso strains, its iicss is largely increased, ana it. can be to- many purposes not otherwise possible- Probably the first concrete reinforced wa* a floor patented bv a Mr Vi ilkinson, oi j- cast lo-ou-'l n ne in '1854. This (-on,tsted of a lir^- re-sisting floor made of concrete, and rointoi-ed by the use of iron burs or wire ropes,^ but as a nillitt-Lr of fact a gardener living in the zioigli- b our hood of Paris, named Monter, is renera ty given the cre-dit for introducing ferro concrete- He required some large pots -in which to p*ant orange trees, and cfuioeived the of LL-in-, concrete with wire netting embedded in it to give it .trength. For this he received a dip- loma at the Paris Exhibition in 1878, but linding that tho illye-Ili lOll covered a much larger field tlian he had supposed, lie brought the to the attention of engineers and capita no s with the result that in a comparative short time many tanks, bridge. sewers, and the like were built: on this system in France, Germany, and Austria- It was only a step from this to the construction of more important structures. n chief objection to the Monier system is that a large number of rods must be used, and it is necessary to weave these rods together or to lattice them and secure with wire at taiei intersections. As those rods are usually p e but two or three inches apart this is a tedIous and exr>ensive ojKration, and one wiiicn rC- quires considerable care on the part of the mechanic or fixer, becau.se the network of steel must be kept near the lower surface of the con- crete in order that its full benefit may be avail- able, while at tho same time the rods must be entirely embedded in the concrete. lhougn ferro concrete is only in its infancy in fcius country, yot in France, Germany, and parti- cularly in America great headway has been made. In America probably more systems are at work. The American railways now design their own work, and specify the bar they re- quiro for the particular purpose, keeping it on- tirely under their own oontrot. The Americans have gone into the subject very minutely, and are now probably the best experts. Though there are many kind's and many systems oi ferro, or reinforced, concrete they t. Jer very little from .each other, and practically ro..I.t be designed very much the same. In concrete and steel the problem is to elfoc-t their combination in such a manner that they may be employed to satisfy the requirements of a good design and sound construction. Concrete has a high coefficient of residence to compressive stresses, while its resistance to tensile and shearing strcti^es may for all practical purposes be con- sidered nil. Steel on the oontrary offers great resistance both to tensile and shearing stresses. From the properties of tho two materia.s arises the idea of making use of one in order to complete or correct the shortcomings of the other. The.re then remains to be found the most effective and economical method of com- bining t.ile two material in a structure, and to make them work simultaneously and harmon- iously, that is, to use the concrete for compres- sion and! to meet the tensile and shearing stress- es bv the use of irckii or steel. If we compa,re a ferro concrete beam to a rolled steel joist we have the steel rod's at the bottom of the beam, whidh is equal to the area of the bottom por- tion of the joist for taking the tensile stress, and the ooncrete at the top taking the com- pression just as il:e top flange of the stzel girder is doing. The web of the girder is formed by the concrete which encases the bars, and con- nects the axis of compression to the axis of tension, but this would be a very weak web indeed if it was composed solely of concrete, and could not resist the shearing stresses. The effect of shearing stresses is to cause the fol- mation of cracks in the beam at the angle of 45 degrees, with tho horizontal, close to the supports. This angle decreases and the cracks become of less importance as they get nearer the middle of the span. To meet these stressczi in many cases stirrups are placed vertically, and their number is increased at the supports, where the shearing is greatest, to fake this. Without, stirrups tho bars, or some of them at the bottom of the beam, are bent up at an angle of 45 degrees, cutting the natural axis at the line of support or bearing. This, of course, ca.n only be done where you have a bar which acts as a mechanical bond. Again, in ferro concrete work the beams are mostly designed continuously, with the result that the bars are carried along into the next beam, thereby making a tie from one to the other. In a sre-el frame connection it is impossible to get this in the same way. CAUSES OF CRACKS. In considering tensile stresses at the upper part of the beains cl-oee to the supports, or in the words, reverse bending, you. will often no- tice that in a concrete floor carried by steel joists, a crack occurs over these points. ThM is through the steel not being in the correct plaoe. In a ferro concrete floor, over the supports and from about a fourth of the span alternate bars taking the tensile stresses in the lower portion of the floor should be bent up and carried within an inch of the top of the concrete to a fourth of the span on the further side of the support and vice-versa. This will take up any reverse bending action and rarely will you find a crack in the concrete over the supports in a fcrro concrete slab- In passing to pillars both steel and concrete are suitable for its construction. A pillar so constructed would be unsafe be. YOnd' a certain limit, and would offer a low oo- efficient of safety. High as is the cc-fficient of compression in concrete a rupture may occur owing to the low resistance of concrete to ten- sile stresses. To obviate this distance pieces are spirally wound, or wire strips about six inches apart, are placed to form a belt round the pillar. These not only hold together the upright bars in the pillar and prevent them from buckling, but they also form round the core of concrete between the main bars, a sort of belt which compresses it, and moreover gives to that volume of concrete delimited by the in- ternal prism just described, and the outer sur- face of the pillar—the fibre which will strengthen it and communicate to it the necessary tensile properties. The load which can be supported by ferro concrete pillars in this manner is con- siderable, and1 equal to several times that which a pillar of identical dimensions made of con- crete pure and simple could carry. In heavy retaining walls, bridges or arch works, ferro concrete is adaptable and economical. IS FERRO CONCRETE AS ECONOMICAL AS ORDINARY METHODS? In the majority of cases, yes, by 15 per cent. We have recently designed some precipitation tanks for taking sewage, etc.. for a large paper ruill ill Lancashire. The original intention was to have the tanks 7-ft. high and 12-ft. wide, the walls of common brick built in cement 2-ft. thick. The capacity was 750.000 gallons. For ferro con- crete the walls are 12 inches thick at the bottom and 6 inches at the top. In the centre 5-8in. bars sp&ce<i 6_m, oentro-s are pla-oed, and nail- way up the walls they are made 12-inehe cen- way up the walls they are made 12-inehe cen- tres. The floors of the tanks are reinforced by 3-8-1 n. bars 18-in. centres, and made 6 inches thick. The having was 23 per cent, in ftvour of ferro concrete over the brick wall schome. For the same works, say the beating room floor that is carrying the engines for boating the puLp up, and of which there are 24 weighing, when full, close on 40 tons each—160 by 80. As a compari- son against the steel frame the following taking strength was how it came out:- Ferro concrete beam. 22 by 14, JE3; 15 by 6 R. S. joists, £ 4 8s. Ferro concrete beam, 25 by 18, £ 4; 18 by 7, R. S. joists, J65 16s 3d. Ferro concrete beam, 25 by 18, £ 4; 20 by 7 £ R. S. jOltoJ.s, £6 18. "Ferro concrete beam, 30 bv 20, £ 6 3s; 24 by 7A, R. S. joists, £ 7 5s. Forro concrete boiam, 23 by 15, £ 4 lis 6d; Forro concrete boiam, 28 by 15, C4 113 6d; IS by 7, R. S. joists, £ 6 18& 9d. From this you wiU see the saving over ordinary floor construction. For retaining walls we have I iu.?t completed for the fame works a wall 22-ft. hjo-h and 360-ft. long. The section of the wall consists of buttresses 2 feet thick and 11 feet at the ba-se, tapering to 6 mcihes at the top. These were Krviced 10 feet ecu tree, and in between the buttress a slab 6 inches, thick of concrete bav- in"- bars 5 inoli thick running from buttress to buttress Thev were spaced 4-in., 8-tn., or 12-m., according to the strength required for height. The ea-t was equal to a rubbie wall at 9B 6d per cubic vard, winch ia an exceptionally low figure, (train living the extra filling room behind the wall which meant a saving of about 8 feet at the base between the slabs. For t.he same works we are constructing machine sheds, the roofs of which are pitched at 45 degreea Thtve roofs have no inside tics, simply being tied together from the outside, leaving a perfectly clean slope inside. The oost works out at 9s to 9s 6d per suiperficiai ya.rd, including slater. The reason of the. ties being outside is to avoid condensation accumulating and falling on the machines, there- by spoiling tlie paper. This in a paper mill is very eerious, an4 though the. roof li" been very hard to design, yet it is an ideal one for such works. In ordinary flooring, say for a cotton mill, etc., taking a load of 2cwt. safe, you would want a joist about 6 by 3 section over 15-ft. span, and spacing those at 18 inch centres, the cost per yard would be about 2s 6d. The bar reinforoe- ment. using steel of higli tensile such as is being used m the Rhyl Now Pavilion, you would want yard would be about.26 6d. The bar reinforoe- ment. using steel of high tensile such as is being used m the Rhyl Now Pavilion, you would want I say for a. 15 feet s-pan, half an inch bars, 6-in. centres, and the cost wotim be a'bout Is 9d per square yard, henoo i6 a good caving, lor floors or fitrueturesi where you have a moving or vibrations load. it is proved that a ro.d or ferro concrete floor is much steadier than one whid, is built of steel girders or brick arches. The II Pavilion, which is being built for the Rhyl Coun- cil. by Messrs Maxwell and Titlie and Mr F. B. Smith, and which you have been over, it a good illustration of ferro concrete work. To my mind, and what I have seen. I believe thi* build- ing. when completed, will give very great satis- faction. Again, you know that it does not want 'painting to keep the rust, etc.. away, but its strength will increase daily, m-akuig AN ABSOLUTE MONOLITHIC STRUC- T U ILL. It is as near fire-proof as is possible to (tosigri and construct. For a. theatre or hah tin* bo esential. Great credit should be given t-c .he architects for their fort-thought in constructing tris work a* they are doing. Ihey aie a firm with many large works behind them, for in- stance. Blackpool and New Brighton lowers and the Exhibuioii 'buiklm^.s in Man-chi^ter in 1837. 1 In the short time allowed for tins paper it is difficult to touch very much on rlhe subject of reinforced concrete, yet, before there are a few et-ven:iaU I should like to give you. Con- 6taiit practice show w, that oxide of iron can- not exist in contact with concrete, and that rust- ed bars embedded in concrete will in the courte of a mo-nth or so be as bright as new, the tust being deoxidized by the format ion cf-errite of calcium, which forms a protectlve skin round the har. Again, it murt o!«-o be borne m nnnd that COILcrtta iwed in fer.ro concrete is markeuiy different from ordinary concrete, in its compo- sition and in its make, and m the way it is em- ploved. It should also be composed ot materials of small volume (three-quarters of an inch medti), the proportion of sand and stone bell, vaijttted fo as io give- a. ooncrete quite full, and if u.ed 1l those small quantities at a time arid vigorour-ty rammed, allowing no cavities,—that is what is required. The adherence of concrete to steel haj been questioned many a time many people differ. Approximately. 5701bs. to the square wcih of metal come in contact with the concrete. In realitv thie adhersion is mechanical bond as it res ul Us from the oement particles entering sin all microscopical pores on the sun&oc of the This mieroseopical bond is neither strong or per- manent. The development of the working st-resa in the metal produces a slight etretca of same, and a corresponding shrinkage in cross section which impairs the mtoroscopical bond above men- tioned. For example, suppose toe 1-in. bar Í6 developing a stress of 12.000Ilw. per square inch then it hart a stretch .0004 inches per inch of lera-th, and its shrinkage in each laternal dimen- sion i* approximately .0002 inches (the square root of one plus a very ainall quantity being plus half for all practical purposes). Now, while the above quantity is no doubt email, it is by no means mieerceoopical, and it seeuis likely t.hat such a fhrinkage would have a very great in- fluence on the bond. In work where you re- quiro anchorage, or my own idea oif ferro, oon- crete. is that you should have a bar which has a mechanical bond of its own. 1 here, are, many, and i.he one used on the Rhyl Pavilion is prob- ably the best. I am not paying this because I am interested in it, but for this reason1 here may be a chance of the concrete sliding over or away from the bar, causing cracks, which will often enough be up to three or four feet. Now, by a bar as the one ^een oai the Rhyl works, it io proved from actual practice that the dip cannot be mere than the indent of the bar. a.nd which in the largest bar is 1 ^-in., hence liiy rea- son. In conclusion, Mr Burke paid reinforced con- crete was an extremely interesting study, and in the future he had no doubt it would 00 used very
IGROYNES FOR SEA (OAST WORKS.
I GROYNES FOR SEA (OAST WORKS. Mr MARKS (Llandudno) asked whetiher Mr Burke had had any experience of ferro concrete work being uttd for groynes on seashores III ordor to prevent coae-i ert-sion Mr BCRKE said he had had 1,0 experience in tha.t direction, but he certainly thought that it could be us»ed to advantage in this particuaaJ- work. He considered that it would make suit- able retaining walls for ebirigLe, and it would de- pend on the load it had to carry what the thick- ness was. A wali four or five inches thick should be sufficient. A question was also addressed to Mr Burke as to whether the steel bara would not rust, and ho replied that- unless there was a. crack in the work they would not. But. if a crack ran down to tli-C bars there would be trouble. Mr R. LOWE proposed avote of thanks to Mr Burke for his excellent paper, and said that he had placed before them facts whidh could not fail to interest them, especially a« they had in Rhyl the first building of its- kind in YVales; at leaat. where ferro concrete was used. He con- fessed that when he first. saw the work started, that he had doubte as to the serviceability of the farro concrete, but the more he sa w of it, and the more he heard of it, the stronger was his confidence in the course the Rhyl Council had taken. He was sure that the majority of people who faw the work 111 progress were convinced that the now Pavilion at Rhyl would be a great attraction. Mr R. J. HUGHES seconded, aii4 said they had learnt a great deal that day, although they were not able to thoroughly gr,ip the full value of the paper, as it was on a new subject,, but they hoped through the preiss to be able to read and study the paper carefully. There was no doubt that in the near future ferro concrete would play an important part in ve work. and that in culvert and bridge building it would take the plaoe of vyood and iron. It was a material whicih wae serviceable and economical. In acknowledging the vote of thanks, Mr BURKE warned his hearers that if they wished to get the true value from ferro concrete t,ev would have to work on well thought out designs, and take great care that the proportions of material were what they should be. They could not work with quantities which were not correct- ly proportioned, and he advised iliis hearers to study the subject from such papons as "Con- crete" and the "Builder?' Journal. The delegates then adjourned to the G.rosvencr Hotel, where they were joined by the members of the North Wales Sulb-Distric-t of the Institute of Journalists, who were also invited to tea by Mr G. A. T aver nor, who extended to them a meet cordial reception, remarking that public officials, like councillors, relied, on the prt»s for manv things.. After tea, Mr R. J. HCGIIES proposed a vote of thanks to Mr Taverner for his hospitality, to Mr Goodall for his. description of tho works, to Messrs Maxwell and Tuke and Mr F. B. Smith for permitting the works to be inspected while in progress. Mr J. W. JONES seconded. Mr TAVERNER acknowledged the vote, and joined in the congratulations to Mr Goodall for the excellent progress he had made with the gardens, which will be opened at Whitsun- tide.
THE LICENSING BILL AND CLUBS.…
THE LICENSING BILL AND CLUBS. FREE CHURCH DEPUTATION TO THEI PREMIER. A deputation, representing the Welsh rice Churches waited upon the Premier in his :(loms in the Housa of Commons to-day we-ok to sup- part the strengthening of the clauses of the Licensing- Bill relating to clubs. Mr Asquith was accompanied by Mr Samuel, Mr lieroert Lewis, and his private secretaries. T'he deputation was int roduoed by Sir Mired Thomas, and alter a few words from the Chair- man of the deputation, Air Edward: Thomas (Cochfarf) Mdorinan Hughes (Bridgend.1 very strongly urged the Prime Minster to strengthen the clauses "of the Bill with regard to clubs, and in the course of his remarks stated that ^outh Wales suffered a great deal from the "cIuo nuisance," particularly on Sundays. He irave flaring instances of the vav in which the etil operated in the populous districts of oou.h ^Mr^WiHiarn George (Cricoieth) supported, re- marking that he was there really to prove the m;tv of Wales upon this matter rather than Lc-iuse there was any pressing grievance on Ss P^int in North Wales. In North Walt* Was a very strong temperance sentiment which acted as a check on the formation oi bogus clubs. cj*i -1 f' Mr Davics, miners' agent, Dr. Silas Morris (Cardiff), and' Mrs Edwards, wife of Principal Fdwirds Cardiff, also spoko. Mr Asquith, in his roplv, thanked the c.fpu- tition f-r coming to see him, and for their ex- pression of views on the matter which, he ?a,d, would have the so nous consideration of the Government- He appeared to be particularly impressed with the casta made out for r.oro strmgent clauses dealing withthouse of clubs es- tablished for the purpose ot Sunday drinking in evasion of the Sunday closing law.
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DENBIGHSHIRE YEOMANRY IN CAMP.
DENBIGHSHIRE YEOMANRY IN CAMP. A HISTORIC REGIMENT. CHUTtOH PARADE AT EHyDDLARI. The Denbighshire Ilu.-sars lirper.ai i 'iwnanry are now undergoing their annual training at Rhuddlan. The camp pitched in Bryn Byehan, Bo-Tlrhydd-an Park. the late owner of w.'iieh— b.jOr" Conway—was closely identified wjui the regiment lut" some years, first 3." captain and sutvequeutly as major. This regiment is the suecet-t-or of another auxiliary cavalry regiment recruited from among the yeomen of the \aie of Clwyd and surrounding district, and which saw active service under the then SirWatkin W. Wynn. of Wyniistay, in the Irioh Rebellion. It was afterward- taken by its gallant and intrepid commander to Belgium, .out was too late to take part, m the war, for Waterloo had been fought and won before its arrival. It is. therefore a. regiment with a history, and its old ensign, we believe, is still in existence, but naturally some- what tattered and torn. The town selected for encampment thu year also teems with historical recollections of a warlike nature. Ei camped at Bryn. Brychan. adjacent to the ancient town of Rhud-dlan. the In daily marches over Mnr- fa Rhuddlan (Rhuddian Marsh) to Kinmel Park* where are gone through. Tins marsh has been on more than one occasion the I,scene of bloody battlew between the WeLsh and the English. Now in happier times, the bighfchire Yeomanry, reminiroent of feudal times, and in which both Welsh and English are equally represented is training for service should they be required, not "to fight the islanders cf tilts country, but any foreign foe on a ground that was once a famous battle field. The number in camp is jomewhere about 460 men, and they are under the command of Lieutenant-C lonel Sykes, with Major P. T. Davios-Cooko ae second-in-command, a.nd Captain Holland, 7th Dragoon Guard.?, ac, adjutant. The other officers present are: Captains W. W. Cor- deatix, J. ('. F. Cotton, F. J. L. Priestley, Lieu- tenants Griffiths, Trefnant; R. C. LlDyd Edwards, Pwllheli; J. D. Mayhow, and H. F. Fletcher, Captain Butchers is acting as quarter-master; Dr. Robert Edwards. Rhuddlan. as surgeon and Lieutenant D. F. Davidson, as veterinary Iour- geon. Tho permanent etafT is represented by regimental Serge ant-Major Bruton, S.S. Major Brand, "A" Squadron; S.S. Major Artes, "B" .Squadron; S.S. Major Lloyd, "C" Squadron; and S.S. Major Batcman, -• D" Squadron. Ser- geant-Major OdfifM in charge of the kitchen. Am-ong other non-oemniisisioned officers present are: Jleginient.al-Sergeant-Major Turner, Regi- mental L.M. Sergeant Williams, Sergeant-Major^ Jotter ("A"), Flint ("B"), Corbctt ("C"), and Harley ("D"), Quarter-Master-Sergoant« John ;yIorri" ("A"), Parry (" B"). Smith tHC"), and Jones tOo on). All the catering is d"!le regiinentally by a staff of cocks under Sergt .-Major Oldfield, whil;) trhc, officers' mess is arranged for by the officers. This year a bath marquee is fitted up, transjx>rt and ammunition wagons, and also a i.eld forge are available, and Maxim gun in charge of a party under Lieut. Fletcher, completes the equipment The groceries are supplied by Messrs R.ioh. Diokenson, and Co.. army contrac- tors; extra canvas by Messrs Langdon Bios., Liverpool, and Messrs IIdloway and Webh; the butchers' meat by Mr Brabin. Liverpool; and the canteen by Messrs Ind, i'oope. Captain W. Conway Bell, the agent, for the H;)drhydcl'an Es- tate, is responsible for the transport arrange- ments. The work of tlie regiment consists of drills in Kinmel Park, outpost duties, and outer squad- ron field work. and a field day will be arranged wit.h the Duke of Lancaster's Yeomanry, en- cam;»ed at Forvd, Rhy!. To-day (Thursday) a. field day will bo followed by regimental sports. The regiment will be inspected on the 1st and 2nd of June. Next Sunday, beforo Churoh Parade. Sergt.- Major Oldfield (Rhuddlan), and Sergt. Hill (Llan- dudno) will be presented wit: long service medals. The commissariat, is deisoribed "as everything that can be desired, and the c oking excellent. The comfort of the men is assiduously attended to. There are a few casualties reported, but none of a serious nature up to date. A horse was in- jured to "uoh a.n extent that lie had to be de- stroyed on the second day in can!?, atwi1 among tlie men soyer-il slight, aocidents have been treat- ed in hospital (in which, by the way. Private F. Clark acts as orderly). Private T. Jones, Mill Bank Inn. P, I I was kicked somewhat severely by a comrade's horse in Kinmel Park on Tuesday moaning- CHURCH PARADE. SERMON BY THE BISHOP OF ST. ASAPII. On Sunday m-orning there was a Church parade at, Rhuddian Churc.h. The sacred edifice was crowded, and the Bishop of St. Asaph, who is honorary chaplain to the regiment, preached from the text, "I am among you as one that serveta." Ho first referred to the ennobling character of work, which, he said, was a iaw of our nature. Just aa aof machinery that had ceased to perform its work wasa man became useless when he to work, and not only useless and an one umbra nee, but a tempta- tion to wrong doing. It had been said very truly that the devil tempted all men, but idie men têmptoe the devil. Turning to the question of the .service which the bulk of his hearers were rendering as soldiers of their country, the Bishop said they lived in a country where the soldier's was, perhaps, viewed with some measure of prejudice. That would not be the place to discuss the causes of that prejudice, though many of them were worthy of consideration; but lie wotdd remind them of the great principle on which the calling of the soldier rested. Let thein take a very simple illustration. Any day of the week, in that quiet village of Rhuddlan, through which he often passed, they saw the village policeman, who was there io keep guard against wrong doers, against people whose sin wouid make maka disregard the rights of others. In precisely the same way soldiers were the de- fenders of their country a.gainst those beyond the seas who might wish to do hurt and injury to tho fatherland. There was no calling more noble, in his opinion, than the calling of the soldier. He wanted them to think that morning es- pecially of two forms of service which thev were called uloti to perform. They were soldiers not only of the King', but of the cro-s of the Lord Jesus Christ. As earthly soldiers they were train- ing to be ready, if necessary, to defend the fatherland. They read that the standard of duty and honour amongst soldiers was high. and they knew that the oases of soldiers who shirked their duty disobeyed their orders, and were careless and indifferent to the honour of their regiment were vtyy few and exceptional. The soldiers of this country did not lack personal coinage. They were ready at, a moment's notice, not as a matter of merit, but as a matter of course, to give up home a.nd other comforts, and even life itself in defence of the country. Every true citizen must be deeply anxious to promote the welfare of the soldiers, and to mako the standard of private conduct amongst them as high as their standard of public duty. Every (statesman deserved well of his country who by wisdom and foresight would make it easier for the soldiers to be as pure as they were loyal and as intelligent as they were brave. But something more than the power of the statesman was wa.nted to do that. A true servant of his country must first. be a true servant of the Lord Jesus Christ, and who hated evil with a ]>c-rfoct, li-aii-ed. and who was ever ready to en- ter into conflict against wrong doing.
I EXCITING SCENES AT LLANDUDNO.i
EXCITING SCENES AT LLANDUDNO. FIVE BOYS CUT OFF BY THE TIDE. Five Llandudno ho the fOll3 of Mr John Jones, watchmaker, one named Rudge, another Royal, and the fifth Jones—went at low water along the rock-strewn foot of the Little Orme. to see the crass erected on the ledge to the memory of a boy lost there years ago. Passing from stone to stone they reached the ledge, but when they wished to return found the tide had ri&en, and that they were imprisoned. About seven o'clock at night another little boy, walking on the road to Craigside, faw them signalling, and hurried to Llandudno Police Sta- rt,ion for help. Sergeant Jones called for a volun- teer crew, and the following boatmen—W. H. Owen, D. Lloyd Jones, R. Williams, W. M. Jonets, and C. Moss, launched the "Nellie," re-Wed as quiddy as possible across the bay to the iroscue. W1 on they arrived at the ledge they found the lads safe enough, though they would have had a more serious fright had they been com- pelled-to pass tie night there. Two were hiding behind a rook, and only showed themselves after seme persuasion. The whole lot were brought I .back to the sea front, landing in the presenoc of a large crowd of visitors and residents who had heard of their adventure. Fortunately the sea was calm or their rescue would .ha.ve been difficult.
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Scottish railway companies announce a sub- stantial increase in ordinary passenger fares from 1st June. The English through traffic is not aifocted.. I
! TEMPERANCE MEETING AT !…
TEMPERANCE MEETING AT CONWAY. { LICENSING BILL SUPPORTED. Under the joint at:-pices of the Con way and 1 District United Temperance Cun, the Liberal Committee, and the Free Church Coun- cil. a public meeting in support of the Licensing Bill wae lield at the Town Ilall, Conway, on Wednesday night. Alderman T. C. Lewis pre- sided over alarg-e attendanee. and wai supported on the platform by the Revs. D. Gwynfryn Jones. H. Barr >w Williams, T. Gwynodd Ro- berts, Phillip Price. William Edwards. J. Luther Thomas. Mr II. J. Williams, Pwllheli; Mr Henry Lewis, J.P.. and the Rev. B. Menai Francis. Alderman T. C. Lewis, in explaining the objects of tho meeting, remarked that in supporting the Licencing Bill, they were appealing to the very best elements of the nation. On the other hand, those who were opposing the Bill were appealing to tile very worst elements. He was very sorry Churchmen were not represented on the plat- form. They were not engaged in any party fight, both Church arid chapel were united in support of tho Bill (applause). j Rev. T. Gwynedd Roberts proposed iHe follow- ing )ii:That this public meeting of the inhabitants of Conway heartily welcomes the Licencing- Bill now before Parliament, as an effective measure of temperance reform, which provides for the application of the prin- ciples of local option. It further ex- presses ica satisfaction at the sepa- rat-o treatment accorded to Wales, and it azures the Government of strenuous support in .their noble etle-rt to pass the Bill into law." a In' Rev. II. fun-ow Williams, speaking in sup- port of tihe resolution, said that the present struggle w;.¡." a light for the salvation of those they loved- Temperance men have no ill-will towards any publican. The present bill sought to benefit, rather rhan injure the publican, and it would be the means of protecting him from the snares of the rich brewer. He road what he claimed to bo a letter frcm a great brewery company to one of their tenants, and scathingly demtinoed the terms contained therein. Rev. D. Gwynfryn JOIIOT said that for the future the brewers were not going to have it b.)th ways-th",y would cither have to take less oompnsation Or ,ay more rates (hear. hear). lie contended that if the publicans only saw the bill in the proper light, they would all join the I temperance party in supporting it. With re- gard to the clubs, Mr Jones said that if he had any hand in promoting tho bill, it would have dealt with the clubs in a more drastic manner. He. however, trusted that the amendments pro- posed by Mr Herbert Roberts in respect to them would be effective lhr. hear)- C-antl ziuIng. Mr Jones said they ex|v>cted some curtailment of the hours for the sale of drink, but they had been disappointed'. They Ifid also expected tha.t all the public houses in England would bo closed On Sundays, but, they were disappointed. They, however, were not down-hearted. They had faith in tlte magistrates to deal with these matters. The Bill was not a perfect one, but it was a gi-eat bill. Tito King's ministers were doing their beet. What was done in the country in support, of the bill would lie re-echoed in Parliament. The present battle placed morals versus money. Britons versus brewers (applause). Mr II- J. Williams (Plenyd..ir) appealed to tho young people to support the bill. On the Y)r-i).o,-al of Mr Henry Lewis, seconded by the Rev. William Edwards, a hearty vote of thanks was accorded the speakers and tho chair- man.
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Judge Parry. in the Manchester County Court, on Tuesday, decided that a man injured while working in the labour yard of a mission, where lie was receiving board and lodging itt reiurn for lii* f*'rvices, could not claim compensation under the Workmen's Compen&atio.n Act.
Advertising
í Eiffel Tower MILKPUDDING A id packet makes a del icious milk pudding in I ten minutes. Try it. You will be delighted. Musio. MR F. GURNEY BARNETT, A. R. C. M., CONDUCTOR of the Coiwyn Bay Phil- f harmonic Society, gives I/eswons in OrgaJi a.nd Pianoforte Playing. Singing, Voioo Pro- a'1' duction, Theory, Harmony, etc. Candidates prepared for all reoo.gniced Ex- amination-. Lessons given at Pupil's own Resi- dence at Mr Fleet's Musso Warehouse, Pen- rhyn-road; or at Isormanhurst, Llanerch-road (off Brompton-avenue), Colwyn Bay. 12965p Lord Salisbury, while in Camp with the Herts Milii ia, of which he is colonel, was the victim of a daring robbery in Hat-field Park, a number of articles of jeweLery being stolen from his tent during the time the band was playing at moss. By 2,.145 votes against 22.110 the men belong- ing to the affected have decided, to accept the em ploy ens' terms, arranged by the I President of vh-c' Board (,f Trade, for a settle- ment of tlie dispute uu the shipva-rds of the north-eaet coast.
!THE NATIONAL EISTEDDFOD AT…
THE NATIONAL EISTEDD- FOD AT LLANGOLLEN. On Saturday Mr E. D. Jones announced tha.t the order of procedure at the Llangollen Na- tionai Eisteddfod bad been definitely decided upon so far as the principal events are con- cerned. The chief choral competition will tske place _n on Tuesday, September 1st. the opening day Wednesday's programme includes the ;e-oa<i oiioral competition, the com] >e; it ion fof boys ch-oirs, and the ceremony of crowning the Bard. On Thursday—on which day the Chan- cellor of the Excheouer wiil r-reside—the Arcb- druid will, with mli-ar bards, announce tit" author of the beet awdl of 600 lines on the poet Ceiriog. the chairing ceremony will bo per- formed. (In the same day the oomjKsi.ition for female choirs will take place as well as the competition for children's choirs. Friday will be devoted to the male voice competition, orchestral and glee competitions. I
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The "Pioneer" is recognised as one of the tnott popular papers in the Principality. Splendid medium for advertiseril,
Advertising
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