The Welsh Coast Pioneer and Review for North Cambria

ir -W HUMORS OF HISTORY." --A J THE STORY OF THOMAS A BECKET.-No. 6. The King's sorrow, when he heard of Becket's death, was terrible to see. He made a pilgrimage to the tomb at Canterbury, and was there publicly whipped by the priests as a penance,—" The New History of England." This aeriaa of 160 pictures, oattt-ted" IIumjr3 of Histary," appsiring weekly in ttus jo ir.nl, h rjpraiussi ia cVuar on plate papar, cloth bound, gilt, at 2/6 nett, £ 2,000 having baau spant in its pruiak;ion by th j Aljnun^ La3- br," Ljaion. dpdeimen CoioroJ Plate on application. HANES THOMAS A BECKET.—Rhif. 6. Yr oedd gofid y Brenhin, pan y clywodd am farwolaeth Becket, yn ddychrynllyd i'w ganfod. Aeth ar bererindod at ei feddrod yi Nghaergaint, ac yno fe'i fflangellwyd yn gyhoeddus gan yr offeiriaid."

FESTIIWOG TEACHERS' ASSOCIATION. ANNUAL PUBLIC MEETING. Tihe annUaJ public meeting of the Festiniog Association of the National U-nion of Teach era was hello on Saturdlay afternoon at the Higher Grade School- Mr Owen Jones, manager off the Oalceliey Quaj-ries who presided, staid that whilst 11"- cratlug the centralising of eduoat.ion.al adminis- tration by the Act of 1902, he feared that. as regards Festnioig it had been a case of levelling down instead off levelling up (hear, hear). He gave statistics showing tfce nrumber of teachers employed' by the old School Board as compared witii the number employed to-day by the County duoatioo Committee, in 1903, or lattt year of the Board, there were 44 certificated tenh- ere and 36 uncertificated teaeheis in tho Festi- niog district, with an average attendanoe of scholars of 2001. In 1907 there were 39 "certi- ficated teachers and 20 uncertificated, with 1983 scholars- There was only a decrease of 18 in the average attendance of scholars, and actually a decrease of 21 teachers. The number of pupils to each certificate teacher was 45 in 1903 and to each certificated and uncertificated teadher 25 pupils. In 1D03 the number to each certificated teacher was 51 and to each certifi- cated and uncertificated teacher 33. Whilst not considering that the Intermod'iate School was over-staffed, he miglht point out that there the number of pupil,s to each teachers was 17. On the motion of Mr R VI jliiams, bead- maistar of Tanygrkiau School, seconded by Mr G. J- Bevan, head master of Manod School, a resolution was passed that no settlement of the education question would be satis'ctory wnioh impqsed upon teachers any tests have those of character and ability. Mr Bevan stating that he was opposed' to any form of religious in- struction in school, lie was asked by the Rev. T. Isfryn Ilughe& and by the Vicar to explain. He replied he was in favour of moral instruc- tion so long aa it was not based on. ere-cd. Mr E. Griffibh, headmaster of GianypwU. moved that in the interests of education no teadher in any S"3'he of staffing should count for more than forty children or the registers- In Merionethshire there .were many instances whe!') a teacher counted for sixty and (seventy and' more pupils. Mr T- R. Jones, Llan, head master, seconded th3 resolution, whidh was passed. Mr Griffith utrged the ne0.1 of enli-hte-nicg the parontj, of Festiniog on the fact t'hat tJhe;,e were openmgis for their children tesideis in the way of trade, craft teaching, the quarry, or doirw-'tio service and dressmaking. There were openings in divers other branohes. notably those of the civil eervioe- The Rev. John Hug'hes dbiubted whether 50 per oent- of the parent*, of the Iooality were aware of the lattar operiimgiS. It was stated that the Inteiiniediate School Governors had aptxiinted a oomanittee to go into this question (applause)- STAFFING OF MERIONETHSHIRE COUNCIL SCHOOLS. Mr Rhys Nicholas, CvvmavOn Council School, a member of the Executive of the N.U.T., thon addiresised tho meetin.g on the staffing of tho Council schools of Merioneth, and expressed the opinion based on the statistics which he gave that the county wan most unprogressu e in this respect- He aleo animadverted on the absence of a scale of salaries in the county- Mr Nidholas alao touched' on Mr 1h rvenna's recent explanation with regard to the distribution of secondary, sohool grants in Walos. T'he expla- nation was unsatisfactory- If there was to be any grant division it must be on the basis of the actual number of scholars educated in Wales and England respectively. Of tlie grant- earning' scholars in the w'hole country Wales educated one-ninifch and it should therefore have one-ninth of the grant- The present mode of distribution was unfair and unjust to Wales, and the grievance must be removed (applause). On the propotaiition of Mr Ll. Vaughan Hum- phreys seconded by Mr J. Cadwaladr, a reso- lution was pasised in favour of the promotion of teacliors already in the employ of the coun- ty. other qualifications being equal. Mr H. Eltijs Hughes, o the Higher Grade School, in a vigorous spcooh in which he oited numoroius instances of discrepancies in salaries, •moved the following T-efolitii ii:T!hiat this meeting considers that there can be no wiser expenditure of publio money than in educatinrg the chiildtren in primary schools, by impartinig knowledge, dey-doping- iotelligenee, and build- ing up character; it is therefore desirable in the incerefit ci the children or the county to ob- tain and to retain the services of t,h-e beiat pos- sible teachers for the schools. With this end' in view the meeting earnestly a.ppeals to the Merioneth Education Committee to adopt an a.doquate iscale of 6alariets incorporating in the same a provision for annual inorements." Mr Hughes said he had Loot aJtl "ta Ith in applications for increase in salary being treated on merits in Merioneth. Mr M. E. Phillips, B-Sc., seconded the reso- lution, which was carried, and the Conference concluded-

.if- -=1IS_- I CHAS. FORDE S | 18'" 'F.: B CHAS. FORDE'S bile beans are the kind you have B B always bought. B Tr -ad -e-tAark) C U R E; -HEA DA CHE, -10 7'ION, C OIVS TIPA TIC)IV DEBILITY, FEMALE WEAKNESS'ES, PIL-S, DIZZINESS, SALLOW Col-fpl EXIOIVS, Pll%fPLES A AID 4LL LIVER S TOAIA CH Tp cubics, OL. 0 S 3 Tl_ s | Insist on Seeing CHAS. FOEDE on tho LabeTf

BETTWSYCOED UHbAN DISTRICl COUNCIL. SATISFACTORY FSNAKCiAL POSiTiCN. The monthly meeting of the above Council was held on i1 riday, W Hell tiie members present, included Messrs H. Parry, Bod Ictdoii (in tiio cnair); THomas Griffith (Vicc-ciiairiiia;i}, Kobert Parry, J.P., Dr. Ll. K. Pritcnard, JVleosrs '1'. W. B. Corns, K. Rawlinson, J. P. ra-cmiey, John Hughes, J. T. Roes, Henry iliiams, and David Roberts, with the Clerk (Mr R. H. Owen), and the newly-appointed Surveyor (Mr it. D. Jones). FINANCIAL. On the recommendation of the Finance Com- mittee, bills amounting to £ 216 2s oct were passed for payment. PUBLIC LIGHTING. Communications were raad from the Holyhead and iNorLii Wales Gas Company regretting tucu- inability tQ make tne concessions tIle \^ouiicd asked tor. With regard to tne ligiitxng, tne manager at Bottwsycoed reported lilat there were no complaints, and that tnc power was in every way saustactory. In a turuior letter the company staled taat they could not make any alio wance in tho tour additional lamps asKed for, as they would bo out. oi pocket with too transaction. ) Tho Clerk said that in reply lie gave the com- pany instructions to proceed witti tne work of providing the additional lamps. It was again decided to coniphiii that the gas was not what it should be. A further letter was lead from tiio lic.id man- ager of the company inviting tne cnairnun to itieot him in M&iiciiestcr, so as to vtsit tiio gas exhibit.ion there, and inspect the inverted burn- ers, and on the motion of Mr John Hughes, it was decided that the chairman should go there. A HAPPY POSITION. The Clerk reported that the last instalment on tho various loans by the Council had been paid, and Bettwsycoed was now completely out of debt. Tiie Collector reported that during the -month ho had collected £ 213 118 5d in respect of the general district rate, and 1;3 15s 2d on account of water rents. There was btilirecoveraijio L 141 5s 9d on account of the djsz- c'i rate and £ 15 18s 5d for water rente. After the bills had been paid there was a balance of about B418 in hand. PENTRE DU SEWERAGE. A sum of 9200 was allowed Messrs Hughe3 and Rowlands, tho contractors of the above works, on the certificate of Mr P. McIntyre. SURVEYOR'S REPORT. The Surveyor reported that he had made a general inspection of the district, and had at- tended tc the flushing of :'>wers, and had seen 'n to the cleaning of nearly 41i the culverts. He recommended that a nine-inch culvert be con- oonstructed on the Cwmlanerch Hill. Mr Thomas Griffith i-iid that if anything was to be done to this roaa it should be done thor- oughly, as he intended proposing before long that the Council apply to the county authority w take it over. The matter was referred to the Highway Committee. VITAL STATISTICS. The Medical Officer of Health reported that during September there was one birth and one death of a visitor. There were no cases of infec- tious disease.

IMPORTANT PROPERTY SALE AT PNVLLTIELI. £ 3 9,000 REALISED IN ABOUT AN HOUR. A POPULAR LANDLORD'S PURCHASE. Hundreds of people attended the sale at Pwllheli yesterday week by Messrs Wm. Dew and Son, Bangor, of valuable freehold building sites, small holdings, allotments, aeejmmodation lands and freehold farms, being the outlying portions of the Yaynol Estate, near Pwllheli. The solicitors for the vendor were Messrs Hastie, Lincoln's 1nn Fields, London, and Messrs Carter, Vin- cent and Co., Bangor and Carnarvon. rdr Dew made some prefatory remarks before offer- ing the lots for Bale. The Vaynol I Estate title was well known thoughout the country, and he could assure them all the property at Pwllheli and in the neighbjurhood was bound t-o enhance in value. Pwllheli was one of the rising health resorts in North Wales, and it was only due to say that the improve- ments in the town reflected credkably upon the courage and enterprise oi the community (hear, hear). He had alwavs liked the place, except the walk from tile station—"(laughter),—but even that drawback would soon disappear for the railway station would be soon brought to the town, and property nour the station was bound to increase in value. He was g-Jad to say that the Panorama Walk, respecting wli ch there was some dispute, would be withdrawn from the sale, and things would be left as they lvc-r-e, Mr Dew then grouped the lots 1 to 30, and offered them in one lot. Briefly they cumpritied the following freehold properties :—35 choice lots (56a. Or. lp. or thereabouts), forming portions of "Frondeg," Pwll- heli, and comprising very fine building sites and ac- commodation lands, being most favourably placed for building and accommodation purposes, having exten- sive frontages to Ala Hoad, and being situate in the part of the town in which the demand for building land is steadily increasing. Also the dairy farm, known as "Castell Peninaen," which contains 79a. lr. lip. of good land, from which are obtained some of the finest views in the Principality; Oae Felin, about 12a. Or. 29p. Penmaen Bach, comprising 63a. It-. 15P. The first bid was R12,000, and step by step the figures increased to tl5,000, when the property was knocked down to Coloned Lloyd Evans, midst loud applause. Mr Dew then offered lots 31 to 39 in one lot. This excellent property included Bodvel Hall and Bodvel Bach, Gefail y Bont, Bind Hir, Gwnhinger, Penmaen Isar and Penmaen Uclwf, all situated near- the town of Pwllheli. The auctioneer dwelt briefly upon the history of Bodve-l Hall, and said that for generations this old Hall has been owned and occupied by famous men. Hugh Wynn, of Bodvel, was, in 1549, standard bearer to Edward the VI. at the battle of Norwich. In 1774, Dr. Johnson stayed at Bodvel, which he visited with Mr and Mrs Thrale. According to rr. Johnson, Mrs Thrale was born here, and in his de- scription of the place Dr. Johnson writes: "Nothing could be better." The first offer for the grouped lots was zeis,ooo. The bidding reached C23,000, and after consultation with Colonel Lloyd Evans, the auctioneer announced that he had been offered £ 24,000. He now invited further bids. There being no further advance, the property was sold t-o Colonc! Lloyd Evans for £ 24,000, amidst loud applause. Mr Dew announced that the following Wednesday he would offer some portions of the Penrhyn Estate for sale, and. later, property in Aberdaron district, etc He wished to draw particular attention to what they had seen that day. It had been stated frequently that landlords were afraid to invest their mnner in landed property, but Colonel 'Lloyd Evans had" that after- noon proved to them the courage of his convictions (ftjoplause). He was sure that all the tenants would be highly pleased with the result. After t.he sale nothing but expressions of unqualified satisfaction could be heard at the fact that Colonel LI oyd Evans, who is a. most popular landlord, had purchased the property, which is contiguous to his own est at*. Mr Dew, the auctioneer, was also congratulated upon the successful result of the age.

PRACTICAL j -V A- -N ByPrimrose McCoimel lRSc|]l|

MILKING POWER. Some notes have been given in this col- umn on the results that arc being obtained jn the movement that is becoming common as regards tl:o testing of cows and their im- provement. At tli2 London Dairy Show, iust concluded, the performances of one Shorthorn cow are worthy of notice, as showing' what it is possible for a cow to do. At the milking and butter tests, Daisy," No. 37 in the catalogue, belonging to Mr. Nelson, Gai-stang, YIelded takiug round fo-ures-six gallons of miik in 24 hours thi3 milk showed 5.84 per cent. of fat in the morning and 6.9 in the evening, and there was 4 lbs. of butter obtained from it, by separating and churning, in the butter tests.* She of course won aii the prizes and cups possible, and so far as the writer can remember gained the highest points ever ob- tained at this show. On the other hand she was only third in her class for the inspec- tion prizes, and while she was a good straight symmetrical animal, had certainly an inferior milk-bag as far as appearances went. SHORTHORN COMPARED WITH OTHER BREEDS. The point to which the writer wishes to call attention, however, is the fact that it is possible for a Shorhorn to to give as much milk as a Dutch cow, and that this milk shall be as rich as that of a Jersey. The probabilities of production thus opened up ;wc tremendous fifty cows like this one in a herd would be of more value than a gold mine. Such an animal is a long way above an average or ordinary one, but it shows us what it is quite possible to attain to, and the system of testing our herds and keeping for breeding purposes only those with good yields must iu time bring up our averages or standards nearer to this exemplary ani- mal. The writer remembers many years ago hoping and wishing that such an animal would be evolved some day, and her appear- ance is a distinct advance.

FEEDING COWS. As promissd previously in this column an attempt is made below to give a typical ra- tion for a cow in milk during winter with the purchased-in foods reduced to a mini- mum. The rise in the price of wheat has influenced everything, and there ha been a corresponding rise in the price of cakes and meals to something like ten per cent. in 6ome cases, and it is necessary for the dairy farmers to look out for the cheapest method of production he can find. It is barely pos- sible to feed a cow in full milk on hay, straw and roots alone, though a dry cow will dc well enough, but the following quantities will fill a fairly large sized animal—say a Shorthorn—and meet, all the feeding tests Mangolds, 45 lbs. (one bushel); hay, 14 lbs.; oat straw, 10 lbs.; undecorticated cotton cake, 2 Ibs. The hay may be fed long, the straw chopped and mixed with the mangolds pulped or shredded, and the cake given dry. Whoa worked out scientifically the above ration yields 26 lbs. of dry food, an albu- minoid ratio ci 1 to 6, an 1 31,000 "calories or heat units, and should therefore suit an ordinary cow very well. COST OF FEEDING. Another test is the cost, which works out at about Sd., and if we allow tile average yield per head of all cows in milk to be a little over two gallons daily, it makes the cost about 4d. per gallon, which approxi- mates to the results obtained by the High- land Society's tests. On the other hand, such figures must not be adhered to too strictly turnips or swedes may take the place of mangolds in some districts, clover-hay or h;cerne-hay (as with the writer) may be in use instead of common meadow hay—which varies in quality—and therefore there must be a certain amount of margin allowed. The best plan is to start with the roots and fod- der as indicated, and then add on a little cake or meal and note the result: then in- crease this and see if the yield increases proportionally, and thus arrive at the beet yield consistent with cost. If there be a super-abundance of roots then perhaps they may be increased beyond a bushel per head daily—though a bushel is a good lot—es- pecially if care is taken to feed after the milking, so as not to taint the milk, and meal of home-grown materials (beans, oats, etc.) may of course take the place of bought- in cake. Recent figures have shown that many farmers overfeed their cows, while the rise in market value of concentrated foods is still further proof of the necessity of look ing strictly to the cost of outlay.

MANURING WHEAT. Aa a rule the wheat crop is not directly manured. It is usually sown about this time on a bare fallow where the soil has been re- peatedly ploughed and cultivated so as to kill out all weeds, mix and weather it, and promote the formation of nitrates in it in other cases it may be grown after roots (lifted early) or on land that was folded with sheep, and where there is a sufficient residue of fertility left for it. After a pre- vious corn crop, however, or where the land is poor, a dressing of artificials may be necessary, and we may enquire what is the best to use in this respect. The writer would suggest phosphates and phosphates only for the purpose—superphosphate on the lighter soils and basic «Blag for the heavy ones. About 3 cwt. of super, or 4 cwt. of basic slag, per acre would most certainly give good results under such conditions. METHOD OF MANURING. It is a desirable practice to drill the man- ure in with the seed, and combiiiad seed and manure drills are now plentiful in the market for this purpose. If the manure is simply broadcasted it will give much worse results than if it is trickled down the same spout with the grain and deposited in a narrow streak in the soil, and just where it is wanted. The dif- ference between scattering it over the sur- face of the field and placing it an inch or two in the earth is very manifest on the suc- ceeding crop. The writer has tried both ways and unhesitatingly prefers drilling the manure before broadcasting.

SUBSOILING. A correspondent writes to ask how best to subsoil a gravelly field, that has a pan (probably iron) formed at the depth of six inches. He tried it with one plough behind the other: it took seven horses, two men and two boys to subsoil half an acre per day, so he dropped it at the end of a week. The present writer does not know how to get land subsoiled he has 200 acres of his own farm needing it badly, but knows of no way to get it done. Theoretically the steam cultivator would be the tool for the job, but in practice the workmen want to skim along at a depth of six inches, and you must drive the cultivator yourself if you want to go deeper. DIPFICULT WORK. On the other hand if you try for eight Inches depth or over, then it jams the ordin- ary engines and they stick up unless you can get the 50 horse-power size. People with nice sandy or loamy soils have no dif- ficulty with the work, and could go a foot deep or more with a common 3-horae plough, or use a subsoiling tine on a common plough, but on a stiff clay, or where there is a hard pan," set like a causeway in the soil a few inches down. this cannot be done. It really requires steam power to do work of this kind properly, but in the writer's experience the steam men are more anxious to get over the acres than to do good to the soil. So we end where we begin if anyone could tell the writer how to subsoil his stiff clay he would like to hear from them. P.S.—The author will be glad to answer any questions arising out of this article if they are addressed to him, c/o the Editor. -+

|| Wlicn Replying to Advertise- w || meats, please mention M § "THE PIONEER." I VALUE FOR MONEY I Our Specialities :—BUTTER and TEA, Quality:—THE BEST. Prices:—RIGHT. T. ROBERTS, Station Road, Colwyn Bay, GROCER, BAKER AND PROYISION MERCHANT. EVERYTHING WE SELL WE GUARANTEE. JONES & SON, R.P., A.G.F., General Contractors, Ironmongers, Plumbers & Decorators, &c., Melbourne Works, CONWA Y. CYCLE & MOTOR DEPOT. "Shell Motor Spirits." Agents for all Leading Manufacturer. CYCLES FOR HIRE. RIDE CASTELL CYCLES | The eed of the goore j A The need of a safe and efficacious family medicine is felt in every home. It is a wise plan A w to keep a box of BEECtlAM'S PILLS in the house. They are always ready—any hour of ■ T the day or night—to relieve these sudden attacks of Stomack Pain. Nausea, Indigestion, I A Colic, or Biliousness that occur tn every household. BEECHAM'S PILLS are easily A W taken by young or old, end require n. preparation before administering. Their good V I effects are felt soon after the first dose Is taken. X Beecham's pills A are a vegetable remedy for the numerous ills that begin In the stomach, liver, kidneys 1 O and bowels. They are a natural medicine, carefully compounded from vegetable roots ■ ¥ and herbs. That their virtues are widely recognised Is evidenced by their Immense sale, J A which Is in excess of 6,000,000 boxes every year. Try them when you feel out of sorts, A V and note the wholesome effect on the stomach, the bowels, the bead, and complexion. w T It's a good Idea to keep a box handy. < I w Sold everywhere In boxes, price 1111 (56 pills) & 2-9 (168 pills). W Davies Bros., Butchers. | lirE have catered for the Public for many years. Our Business has grown lAt with the growth of the District, and our reputation for reliable and deli- cious Meat is stronger than ever. At this season of the year we offer MUTTON, BEEF, PORK, &c., of the PRIMEST QUALITY Which we believe will give satisfaction to all who Buy Windsor House, Abergele Rd., Colwyn Bay, & Doughty Building Telegrams Dicken, Colwyn Bay. Nat. Tel. 0157 Joseph Dieken & Sons, COFURNITSHEHR°SUSE THE FINEST AND LARGEST SELECTION OF FURNITURE IN NORTH WALES at guaranteed the Lowest Prices in the District. Tons of Linoleum, Cork Carpets, Inlaids, etc., to select from. English and Foreign Carpets of till descriptions. Bedsteads, Bedding, etc. First-class Uphol- ste ring our Speciality. ALL GOODS GUARANTEED. JOSEPH DICKEN & SONS, STATION ROAD, COLWYN BAY. Furniture Removers, French Polishers, Undertakers. 18371 I 210 I IK To All Nerve Cures I JJ'j')/V For Nervous Depression. ■ j j I )' "^KX Coleman's Nervlettes" have ■ V\\ amply demonstrated their H Vi \V j j VI supreme value as a check to H YV ys. A J (\ ft- nervous depression. Many medi- B -••■■•■•.Y:. cal men prescribe B l\ f j them in prefer- I Vv\ Vlftw 1 \V ence to any oi the ■ \\yiv' L y ordinary formulas. I MxwW\ \m\fw \,V ) The, Nervlettes' I V\\y\ \\VTv jT cure is pleasant, I 'K \i^V\ \llPw eas3'' and agree- 1 MvAxA- fble' lou hardly I ? 1 kn°w that y°u are ■ P1 j^I I N.\ under treatment 9 ——- \l\ | X\ at all. They work 1 GOING HwLZvZl I AHEAD. -Ti ■ c" onhtfltS @ digestion and as- g simiiation. B "Nervlettes'' make no extravagant claims as a cure-all, the benefits conferred are confined H solely to the nervous system but in this lies the whole of the grand secret of health and H strength. Ip The Challenger I C 0 I ERADICATE DEPRESSION FREE OF CHARGE. fl Mark the men who Be notorious for ability and energy. You usually B find them vivacious and brimful of enthusiasm. Nothing damps their B ardour. These are the "Nervlettes" men. Two after dinner taken B regularly will quicken your pulse, tighten your nerves, brace your energies, B and rouse your enthusiasm. Don't be a pessimist! Stick to your B business, work early and late if necessary. If you are setting up type, keep fl on if you are seliing oysters, go on selling them—pursue the business fl you have chosen persistently, industriously, and hopefully. If at any fl time you feel it a little too much for you, form the habit of "Ncrdettes" B after dinner. In a short time you'll find the fires of energy burning as B brightly as ever within you. "Nervlettes" men and women are never fl tired they work well, play well, eat well, digest well, think well, and sleep well! If you doubt it, just accept the challenge of a free trial. You can get a bottle for nothing. Take them for a week as directed, and you'll find your scepticism change into gratitude. I TRIAL COSTS NOTHING. [ Vinrtir,atinn ftf 'Nprvbftpci' ?nsssfio^chiS'^o^LtS-no's. K X iiivlIvU.tIvAl vl 11 ui IlUllUU By reiurn you will receive a bottle of the rapid fl nerve stimulator free of charge. H W. Laacelles Scott, Esq., the eminent lecturer NAAlE fl to the London Conservatoire, says: "I hemro fl chemically analysed Coleman's 'Nervlettes,' Annupc^ I and have no hesitation in certifying that they ADDRES& ■ are well calculated to remove the nervous fl ailments for which they are intended. Besides fl acting as a general tonic, febrifuge and di- Welsh Coast Pioneer Oct 31, 1907. B gestive, they exert a distinct stimulative influ- fl enoo upon the nerves, while they supply to f^lAL ervlettes" can be fl purchased at any Chemist's or Stores at l'li fl Impoverished blood the invigoration it bo 2 ft, or 4/6 per bottle; but if any difficulty is fl greatly needs in a readil» assimilative form. experienced send stamps for size required to fl the Proprietors. ■ Ak Proprietors-J. CHAPMAN & Co., Ltd., NORWICH. I .ft?'( i: <1" ¥" '+" ,;r: .w';< '> 'f 1"

most genierouiiJy to see that tihe children had a good foundation before they entered those se- condary sclioals (hear, hear)- It was istarving the character and number of the stiff, which was the great factor in securing efficiency (hear, (hear). STAFFING IN CARNARVONSHIRE. But what did he find as far as Carnarvonshire was concerned1? Carnarvonshire had one cer- tificated teacher for 85 children; the whole country had one for every 75 children. Iondon had one for every 55. If the secondary edhools of Caii niarvonisbire were staffed on the basis of the ediemieintary schools there would bo only 12 fully qualified teachers in their 10 secondary aohoa's- Again, in Ixandon 86 par cent. of the teachers wore oertiRcatetT; in the,whole country 56 per cent., in Ca>rnarvonrihiire only 47 per oont- (shame),—and he was aruid that policy of employing unconttficu ted and inefficient teachers was on the increase in Carnarvonshire —(Quite true).—for he noticed in last week s "Soiiooimaster" that the eo'unty authority were advertising for 32 teachers- Of these 16 wore uncertificated, 14 "tsupplomentary" (that ifS, teachers ^vir.hout amy teaching oualifications at all), and two cortifioaited teaoher^ (shame). Mr J ackmandealt at some length on the question of staffing. He could not understand' wthy the Boafd of Education should lay down siion enormous ciasscg in elementary schools, while they restricted the classes in secondary schools to 30. For instance, a certificated teacher, according to the regulations of the Board oi Education, could- have on the roll of his olaisa no less than 75. or twice the size of a eooondary school class- Yet these regulations were so elastio that when Mr M'Kenna, the Minister for Education, was asked in the House of Coimnjons whether he did riot consider that elates of 100 childnen in a 60 room wag a breach, of the Board's regulations he replied that as the obildiren were not habitually prese-nt (a-l- tho'.iigh they had' been in the classes for weeks) he did not see tuiat the Board's regul,ations had been infiringetl (laughter). He uvlr Jackman) had noticed recently that they were to have prisoners in their gaols taught in classes rather than individually. But he also noticed that no claps w,as to exceed 12, and it seemed' to him lihat the workers' children, as far as education waa concerned, woulltd fare oottelr in prison than out (laughter). Then again with regard to loor space. Children in elementary schools never needed more than eight or ten square feet, while in secondary schools 16 square feet were insis- ted upon- He had compared the regulations for flootr and air space in elementary schools, secondary schools* workhousss, workshops, bar- inaoks and prisons. Tihe prisons were the high- eat and the elementary schools the Lowest in the scale (shame). BIBLE TEACHING- In the discussion which followed Dr. R. W. Phillips, of the Bangor University College, chairman of the Governors of the Bangor Friars' Sahood and the Bangor County School for Girds, announced that he had changed his views on the subject of religious education- He I'c had1 formerly opposed tihe abolition of Bible teaching in schools, but now he had como to the conclusion that the only solution of the re- ligious difficulty lay in the secularisation of in- struction in the schools, and lie was prepared to make a formal recantation on that subject. Dr. Phililips aleo remarked that he had come to the conclusion that the Ihands of the clock had be>n set back since 1902, a-s regarded education, in ceirtain of the elementary schools in Carnar- vonshire. The Rev- T- Gasquoine said that the oldier he became ihø felt there was only one solution, and t-hat was secularisation of the day sohools. Mr King, Bangor, proposed a vote of thanks to Mr Jaokmian foir his instructive ad drees, and this wb*, sndoo by Mr W. J. Williams and carried.