The Welsh Coast Pioneer and Review for North Cambria

J:1O plants not in summer will go q, in winter*

The World of Sport. The experiment of turning down marked trout in the Henley waters of the Thames has been attended by success. The fish have been traced to many parts of the river, and it has been established beyond doubt that they are growing and flourishing in the Thames. Local and visiting anglers at Lowestoft have caught 1,900 silver whiting in one day's fishing from the Claremont Pier. Mr. L. B. Wrightson, of the British Sea Anglers' Society, in the course of five hours' fishing with rod and line off Southwoid, landed 1351b. of cod. A large whale "thresher" has been caught at the same place. Association football is to be the organised game during school hours, in accordance with the 1S06 regulations of the Board of Education, at the Claygate School, in Surrey. Music and the Drama. Early in December Mr. David Bispham will produce in London, under the manage- ment of Mr. Frank Curzon, a new lignt romantic opera on The Vicar of Wake- field," written for him by Mr. Laurence Housman, and composed by Mme. Liza Leh- mann. Two performances nightly, at 6.15 and 9, are announced at the Grand Theatre, Isling- ton, and the management state that, in spite of this innovation, not a line will be cut from their dramas. Military and Naval. On Saturday the body of the late Inspec- tor-General Evelyn Pollard, of the Royal Naval Hospital, Chatham, was buried at Gillingham Cemetery, with full naval honours, the firirTg party numbering 250. Sergeant Angus, Seaforth Highlanders, was decorated with the Distinguished Ser- vice Medal on Saturday at Aldershot. It was awarded for the gallant manner in which he had led a company of the Northern Nigeria Regiment to the attack of a village held by a cannibal tribe who had killed and eaten a British officer. Whilst crossing Sheerness Dockyard in the dark to dine with the officers of the Royal Naval Gunnery School, Lieutenant- Colonel J. T. Spencer, of the 4th (Militia) Battalion Essex Regiment, missed the foot- path, and, falling into trench, broke his leg. The Prince of Wales has been appointed to the Hon. Colonelcy of the First Cinque Ports Volunteer Rifle Corps, with effect from October 4. Lord Roberts 'attended the meeting of the Press Rifle Club at Bisley on Saturday, and presented the Defries Cup to the winner, Mr. Gale, of the "Statist." Salvage operations on the Montague have been abandoned at Lundy, for the present at least. Major-General William Edmund Franklyn has been appointed colonel of Alexandra Princess of Wales' Own (Yorkshire Regi- ment) in place of the late Major-General Cooper. Lientenant-Colonel G. V. Dauglish, of the 1st Battalion "The Buffs," will arrive in Copenhagen by November 8 next, with a com- mission as Colonel-in-Chief of "The Buffs" for the King of Denmark. Mr. Taylor, the chief constructor of the United States Navy, expresses the opinion that no finer fighting machine exists than the British Navy as it is to-day. The Channel Fleet has left Portland for a cruise, during which it will call at Bere- haven, Foynes, Blacksod Bay, and Lamlash, returning to Portland on November 30. tragedies and Disasters. At Greet, Birmingham, a motor-car colli- ded with a cart and overturned it, throwing the driver, Mr. Henry Mason, into the road so violently that he wsvs rendered uncon- scious, and died three hours later. On Saturday night, off Limehouse, an out- going steamer ran into the barge Cheer, and a man named Arthurs, one of the crew of the latter, was thrown into the river and drowned. Charles Weston, a boy of ten, was run over and killed by a motpr-omnibus in High- street, Camden Town, while he was going on an errand for his mother. A little girl named Murphy, who was play- ing with a hoop in Russell-terrace, Gates- head, stepped aside to avoid a tram-car, and was knocked down and killed by a motor- car. Thomas Waite, a shoemaker, of Oare, Wilts, was knocked down and killed during a fight at Marlborough Fair on Saturday night. While attempting to alight from a moving train at Leamside, Durham, on Saturday night, the wife of a signalman was dragged under the carriages and killed. A verdict of "Wilful murder" was re- turned at the Belfast inquiry on Saturday on Gunner Robert McClean, who it is alleged, died from a bayonet wound inflicted by a comrade named Johnston, aged 21. I An old cabdriver, named Charles Martin, well known locally, died suddenly on his box on Saturday morning in Clapham. William Jones, a miner, of Treorky, was killed by a runaway tram loaded with rub- bish at the Abergorky Colliery, in the Rhondda Valley. The tram dashed down a hillside into a group of miners. Mr. William Child, a well-known argricul- turist, was found lying on the road near Gainsborough seriously injured. He died without regaining consciousness. He is sup- posed to have fallen from his,horsc. While dressing the Michaelmas goose Mrs. Mary Cartwright, an elderly woman of Greenheys, Manchester, pricked her thumb with one of the claws. BlooJl poisoning set in, and the woman has just died. George Webster, who fell from a scaffold at Sandown Park, died in St. Thomas's Hos- pital. John Maltby, an Arsenal pensioner, of Brewery-road, Plumstead, was found in his house with his throat cut. A table knife was near at hand. Suicide during temporary insanity was the verdict. Accidents. Slipping on a piece of banana peel in Shoe- lane, London, on Saturday, a man fell and fractured his left arm. During the gale on Saturday night, the Swedish barque Becker stranded at Clee- thorpes, and remained fast on the beach all Sunday. Damage estimated at £3000 was caused by a fire which started at midnight on Saturday in the shops of Mr. C. Fallick, pawnbroker and jeweller, of Bridge-street, Cardiff. In Long-lane, Bermondsey, on Saturday, the premises of Messrs. John Shaw and Sons, tanners and leather dressers, were completely gutted by fire. Barnett's sawmill and timber yard in Nel- son-street, Commercial-road, E., were de- stroyed by fire at twelve o'clock on Sunday night. For a time the surrounding shops and dwelling houses were threatened with de- struction, but this was averted, although considerable alarm occasioned. « The Portsmouth Reservei Division arrived at Torbay and reported the rescue from drowning of a seaman named Atkins, who fell overboard in the Channel. A Naval Volunteer named Wilson jumped overboard and held him tip until a boat was lowered. While the two children of Captain Barry, 2nd Life Guards, were walking along a path with their- nurse in Kensington Gardens, a branch of a tree fell within a few feet of the chidren and killed instantly a valuable dog walking close at their heels. On the Thames Embankment a runaway horse was stopped by a van being drawn across the road. The horse was badly in- jured, but the driver, though thrown from his seat, was not much hurt. A lad, aged about 14, who was knocked down by a motor-car in Whitechapel-road, was removed to the London Hospital in a critical condition. At Garstang, near Preston, a motor-car, in which was Sir J. H. A. McDonald, K.C.B., P.C. Lord Justice Clerk of Scotland, crashed into some iron rails. The occupants escaped serious injury, but the car was badly dam- aged. Serious damage was caused by a fire at the Bethnal-green works of Messrs. Allen and Hanbury, the well known firm of manufac- turing chemists.

He that wrongs his friend wrongs himself more. It is the mind that enobles, not the blood. I —Vegft.

MEN OF THE DAY. • » • —Prom "Vanity Fair. MR. JUSTICE BRAY. Sir Reginald More Bray is as much entitled to judicial distinction by heredity as by his own merits. He is the lineal descendant of Sir Thomas More, the famous Chancellor of Henry VIII., and has a long strain of legal blood in his veins. He comes of a family of long-standing in Surrey-Sir Edward Bray, of Shere, was Sheriff of the county in 1539, and represented it in the two Parliaments of Bloody Mary. His great grandfather, Wil- liam Bray, of Shere, was the famous his- torian of Surrey, and the editor of John Evelyn's Diary. Another ancestor married the sister of Population Malthus." For himself, it is true to say that he is one of the three best lawyers on the Bench. In his time he was the leading junior at the Bar, and the amount of work he did was pro- digious. He reached his chambers at nine in the morning—he was always punctual to the minute—and left them at seven in the even- ing; and invariably he took work home to finish at night. In his spacious chambers at Crown Office Row he had a meagre library; just the Law Reports and two text-books- Mayne on Damages and Bullen and Leake on Pleadings. But he had a marvellous memory, and his acquaintance with case-law re- sembled Sam VVeller's knowledge of London in being both extensive and peculiar." His bookshelf was more interesting than his books-it was made by the present Lord Chancellor at a time when "Bob" Reid lived economically in the Temple. His cham- bers always swarmed with pupils—he would have ten or twelve at a time—and Mr. Raw- linson, K.C., is not the least distinguished of them. They were not allowed to smoke until after seven o'clock, but this may be explained by the fact that Reginald Bray was himself no smoker. Few juniors ever earned so much at the Bn as Bray. Indeed, I doubt whether, when he at last took silk, close upon thirty years after his Call to the Bar, he then increased his income. For many years it must have averaged £ 12,0C0 a year. He was great in in- surance cases, was the favourite counsel of the Bank of England, and earned huge fees in arbitration cases. Perhaps it was not sur- prising that he took no interest in politics. In his private life he has been a genial soul. He was the pupil and is still the friend of i at" Murphy, and they have together slain innumerable stags in the North. Shoot- ing, indeed, is his chief relaxation, and, after this, farming his land at Shere. "Dick" Webster was from his earliest years his familiar friend, and no one welcomed him more heartily to the Bench than Lord Alver- stone. Sir Reginald Bray has just celebrated his sixty-fourth birthday, but his energy shows no sign of flagging. He has always been and still is exceptionally strong. To see him walking through the streets must be the envy of the lamp-lighter. And he is to-day one of the very few judges who are really liked by the Bar, for he has a pleasant manner, the great gift of judicial restraint, and an unerr, ing instinct for sound law. His next step is into the Court of Appeal, and his destiny the House of Lords. JEHU o JNlOR. -+-- HHARD CASE, No. 1,538. A is invited to dinner at the B's. On the night he arrives a few minutes late, and in the hall the butler says to him Eixcuse me, sir; but were you expected to dinnef, as all those who were expected have come, and they are in at dinner?" A only knows the B's slightly. What should A do ? --+-- JUDGMENT IN HARD CASE No. 1,536. A must not worry the C's. If they are giv- ing a luncheon he cannot well intrude him- self, for he is not an intimate friend. Nor can he allow B to go to the C's thinking he (A) will be present. This would cause endless complications. He must either tell B the truth, as tactfully and humorously as pos- sible, or invent an excuse that will show that he will be absent from lunch at the C's, and was, in fact, never expected that day. --+-- ROYAL LADIES WHO SMOKE. Smoking has of late years become quite common amongst Royal ladies. The Dowager Empress of Russia is an inveterate smoker of strongly-scented cigarettes. Her daughter- in-law, the reigning Empress, has, however, a strong objection to the habit. The Queen Dowager of Italy is another inveterate con- sumer of cigarettes. Carmen Sylva, the poetic Queen of llournania, the Queen of Por- tugal, and her mother-in-law, the Dowager Queen, a sister of the late King Humbert of Italy, all follow what has become a common habit for the fairer sex. Shades of our grandthers --+- THE SMART SET AGAIN. Whatever may be the prospects of Es- peranto as an international language, Cock- ney u rapidly becoming the current diction of the best English society. My chief, in fact I may say my only, beauty, is a nose of Wellingtonian proportion and refinement o'ertopped by a high and dome-like forehead, flanked on either side by knobs of the purest alabaster. Is this any reason why a well- brought-up young lady of pleasing appear- ance, who I confess I knowtlVery well, should call across the table at a shooting lunch. Now then, bird-faice, pass the rabbit food ?" I was almost offended, though I sur- rendered the lettuce with becoming grace. 0 A SLIGHT MISTAKE. Poor old Lady S-. I will not give her name, was discovered the other day by a late caller patting the head of a kneeling foot- man who was putting some coals on the fire, and saying, Poor old fellow, then; noor old fellow." Lady S. was nearly blind, and kept a large dog; but the fofltman was a good fel- low, and managed to escape from the room without the dear old lady ever discovering her mistake. -♦ STREET WIT. A Pilgrim writes to me: You were re- fei ring in a recent note to the witticisms of the streets; if you want to hear this form of badinage at its best you must be a passen- ger on a broken-down motor-'bus. Spend ten minutes-or longer, if your patience or engagements permit—in a crowded thorough- rm!e- time buses and cabs are pasing. Iheir chaff at the misfortunes of the hated motor shall prove that the day of the 'bus- cad's chaff is not yet over. "Ere, 'ang her on behind/ was one of the most'favourite offers of kindly help, made by 'bus and cab- men alike. Polite offers to lend the chauf- feur a whip were numerous. What, got the wrong key f' in a tone of anxious solicitude, was yet another. And one's impatience at the delay gave place to keen enjoyment. For if such remarks lose somewhat of their jocu- larity when reproduced, the manner in which they were passed was humorous in the extreme. Poor motor-'bus!"

To be weak is often, in the end, to be wicked.-Holme Lee. Live truly, and your life shall be a great and noble deed. An affectation of sincerity is a very dag- ger.

AGRICULTURAL NOTES. BY A PRACTICAL FARMEE. THE STAGES OF PERMANENT PASTURE. The first 3ta.ge of existence in new permanent for two to ihu,, years, and on almost all soils ryegrass and red clover pre- dominate in the herbage. The red clover soon begins to disappear, and a. rapid change then sets in. The soil appears to have become ex- hausted, rye grass gets poor and thin, and for a timo the deterioration is very marked. This second stage of poverty may last for from three or four years on good soil up to ten or twenty on poor land; indeed, on very poor, neglected pastures the second stage will continue inde- finitely. The characteristic of the second stago is tho absence of turf, so that everywhere baro soil shews through the herbage. This barrenness is nearly alwa.ys very marked on these pastures on which white clover does not grow freely. On soil of fair to good quality, fertility gradually accumulates with rest, and a. turf begins to form. This slowly thickens, until on fine land, after an interval of perhaps twenty to thirty years, it forms the rich velvety covering- of perennial ryegrass and white clover characteristic of our best pastures; or it may be the rougher mixture of pBrmanent grasses, clovers, and weeds which are common on second-rate land. FOR AND AGAINST FALLOW. Many have been the theories as to whether land gains or loses fertility through a summer's fallow. Thaes, who was an authority about the beginning of the eighteenth century, wrote: There is no doubt that the fallows absorb and attract the fertilising properties of the atmo- sphere. Arthur Young, on the contrary, with hia aversion to bare fallows, wrote about the samo time: The quantity of gas or vapour that is hourly exhaling from a fallow field after rain or very fresh ploughing is improvidently lost, and argues a want of economy that is truly repre- hensible. But experience was against Arthur Young. The practical farmer knew that cultiva- tion by itself made the land better able to sup- port a crop. This was the basis of Jethro Tull's horse-hoeing husbandry. Anyone, again, who visits an experimental farm where the plots are separated by paths will recognise the "fallow effect" on the increased vigour of the outside rows bordering the bare soil. An explanation, however, was not possible until the discovery of nitrification some twenty years and the m. vestigations which have been made into the con- ditions favouring the process. All soils contain considerable residues of nitrogenous material, which cannot reach the plant until they havo been oxidised by various bacteria in the soil, and so converted into nitrates. A summer's fallow provides just the conditions favourable to nitri- fication—warmth, aeration, the stirring of the soil, and the ereater amount of moisture which results from the absence of a crop to dry the soil. < « CHOOSING GRASS SEEDS. Purchasers of grass seeds may broadly be divided into two classes, those who let others chooso their seed mixture and those who choose their own. First there are those who have no knowledge of grasses, and who for various reasons are unable to give the subject personal consideration. This large class may be recom- mended to go to those seedsmen who have made grasses a speciality, state their requirements, and leave the selection of the seeds to the merchants. The cautions which may be given to farmers of this class are the following: Be sure of your seedsman, remember that grass seede areAable to impurities, and are frequently of low quality; further, that these defects, though easily de- tected bv an expert, may not be within the knowledge of others, and, in the case of grass seeds, this knowledge is usually well worth pay- ing for. Tho mixtures prepared by our seeds- men are compounded on the principle of sowing down a full supply of every plant which is likely to suit the soil. INDIRECT ACTION OF MANURES. The action of manures is not fully explained by their affording a direct supply of plant food, for many of them operate indirectly to feed crops bv their chemical effects upon the soil. Thus, farmyard manure in undergoing-decom- position yields a supply of carbonic acid which may act on the mineral constituents and liberate their elements. Many mineral manures also- common salt, gypsum, and other saline matters —may react on the soil, converting potash and magnesia, for instance, into soluble forms, and thus giving the same results as would follow an immediate use of the last named substances. Again, certain manures which are used in largo doses influence the fertility of the soil by amending its texture, or otherwise modifying its physical characters, as we have already seen-in the case of marling and mixing of soils. Farm- yard manure is of great benefit in this respect, both on clays and sandy soils for in the one case it diminishes tenacity, and in the other it lClSSCns poromy and heips 1:0 retain moisture. QUICK DIGESTION OF THE PIG. The proportion of stomach is greater in a fat ox or sheep than in a pig, being on 1001b. liwo weight 3'2 for the ox, 2'5 fop the sheep, and 0*7 for the pig. On the other hand, the proportion of the intestines is greater with the pig than with sheep or oxen. RTlminant animals are thus best fitted for dealing with food requiring a pro- longed digestion, while the pig excels in the ca- pacity for assimilation. As a natural result of the larger consumption of food, the pig increases in weight much more speedily than either the sheep or ox, but not only is the rate of increase more rapid, the increase yielded by the pig is also far greater in proportion to the food re- ceived. The pig, with its very large consump- tion of food, has, in fact. to spend a smaller pro- portion of it on heat and work, and has thus a. larger surplus left to store up as increase. Of 100 digested organic matter, the fattening ox spends about 77 for heat and work, the sheep 74, and the pig 57. It appears that in a given time and for the same body weight the pig appropri- ates a larger amount of food to heat than tho sheep, and the sheep more than the ox. This is chiefly due to the more active state of chemical change proceeding in the body of the pig. The pig. with its rapid feeding and high rate of in. crease, is undoubtedly the most economical meat- making machine at the farmer'6 disposal. • • • THE DAIRY SHOW. Tho Dairy Show of last week was perhaps, in many ways, the most successful which has been held. The hall was well filled in every part with exhibits; the quality in most of the sections was I excellent, and the attendance of spectators was unusually large; and this fact will swell the cof- fers of tho association. It might be noticed that the pure-bred Shorthorns have advanced in milk- ing qualities as compared with a quarter of a century ago. At that time the complaint was general that they had been bred for beef, and that the claims of milk had been disregarded. Now all this has been changed, and the pure- bred memD0fS of this breed were more conspicu- ous as milkers than those professedly of the breed but whose claims for of breed can- not be substantiated. Probably the same might be said of some other breeds, and it is unquestion- I able that in the past quarter of a century great I and successful efforts have been made to improve I the milking qualities of all the breeds. These i efforts have been greatly encouraged by the action of this association. The butter-making contests were watched with great interest, and the result attained in the champion contest was remarkable: the winner (Miss Stubbs) reached as near perfection, perhaps, as possible, and in- deed to a greater extent than has ever been done before, 97 points being recorded to her credit against a possible 100. Such a record is hardly likely to be .beaten in any future contest. One rather striking result of the cheese classes was the great number of prizes which went beyond the Tweed. In this branch of industry Scotch c'neesemakers very conspicuously shewed their skill. A sign of the season was the good display of large well-shaped mangels and the poor ex- hibit of swedes. e A COMPARISON. In order to gain a clear conception of the Big nificance of good tillage, as relates to the forma- tion and maintenance of a deep bed of soil to hold rain water, one need only observe a hard, | dusty, macadamised road in the spring after a few days of dry weather, and to contrast the surface of the road with that of any well-tilled field that abuts upon the road, that is to say, which is at the same level with it. To judge from I the dusty road one might suppose there was a drought, and the drivers are all, in fact, wishing for rain to lay the dust, but- from the agricul- I tural point of view there may not be the least i need of rain, for tho tilled field is moist and I fresh even to the surface, and the ground is full I of water-excluding dust. Rain water cannot soak into it from above, nor can ground water be sucked up by it from below. It is a. hard pan at the surface of the ground. But in the arable I land all the conditions should be as different from those of the road as they can well be made. The soil of the fields should be mellow and not compact. If the earth is too stiff and its texture too close seeds have great difficulty in germinating in it, and many will perish,

THE LATEST IRISH. Rudyard Kipling once told the story of a hillman who refused to pay rent to his landlord, and insisted on amusing himself by cutting off the tails of his neighbour's cows. This idosyncrasy the great story-teller as- cribed to Irish descent, and he would prob- ably give the same reason for the judgment recently passed by a certain light of the Indian Civil Service, who sentenced a man to death for a murder, and to six years' hard labour for theft. Both sentences to run concurrently I"

{@M t'tf.ia'?%rf$Ø".@?øJ. Paul's boy and I'm here to Ppf introduce to you Pauls Cake Flour ||j you h°w g°°d and pure it is and above all how easy it is for you to bake cakes if you use it. 04 ^°U ■'USt can,t ^ave a fa^ure if y°u follow the direc- Paul's Cake Flour is made from the finest flour and specially chosen ingredients, blended in the right propor- tions and thoroughly mixed. It's so easy to use that with it anyone can make plain cakes at little cost and trouble. I I 1/ co3ts a packet of all bakers and grocers. FC Wt Cookery Book Free. K I Paul's Cookery Book will show you how to use Paul's Cake Flour to the r* i I k £ St ajutage and make a pleasing variety of cakes and sweets at home. We 1 I i wil1 send you a copy free" Write for it to-day to Wtf?/ Dept. PAUL BROS., Millers, 19, Brunswick Street, ppp! JggE LIVERPOOL. WW/ _.> 1 7Z tlW%fØ';$'Æi.. -Æft!&Wø¿¿t},W}¡

GARDEN WORE. THE PLANTING OF ROSES. Whether it be the formation of a new Rojery that is contemplated or the renovation of one already existing, or simply the addition of extra Roses to the flower borders, the work must be considered now in all its details, and operations commenced without further delay. If it is pro- posed to make a new Ropery, a situation should be selected that is exposed to the sun and air, but, at the same time, is provided with sufficient shelter to protect the plants from violent winds. If it is impossible to choose a site with existent protection, means must bo adopted to provido the same. A fencing 8ft. to 10ft. in height made of some durable n aterial, and afterwards clothed with Roses and other hardy climbing plants, would make a very pleasing and artistic protec- tion, or even a fence made of stout bamboo canes nailed securely to etrongly-formed double rails, and so covered, would answer the purpose admirably. Failing the convenience to erect something similar to these fences, then hodge3 of Holly, Beech, Hornbeam, or Thuya. gigantea. could be planted. The Thuya would be espe- cially suitable, ae it is capable of growing quickly, and of forming a dense hedge of good appearance. It will easily bear close clipping, and this becomes essential when the hedge has attained to the requisite size. The best soil for Roses is strong, tenacious loam, &o on a poor ground the beds should be excavated to the depth of 3ft., and filled with some soil of this character. Broad turf-walks, if maintained in good condition seem always to be the most in keeping with a Roserv, and to some are prefer- able to ordinary gravel walks, but this is a matter of opinion. VIOLET GROWING. Violets have suffered a good deal during this dry and sultry summer, owing to the ravages of the red spider, which renders the foliage sickly, and-lack ng the bright, lustrous green of the healthy plant. Those in beds intended for autumn and winter blooming should now have a covering put over them in the shape of a glass frame, the lights of which must come off during warm, dry days for some time yet. Others, de- sirous of having them in pots, may lift the plants carefully with a good ball of earth at the roots, give a good soaking after potting, and stand in II. frame close under the glass. A warm shower or two will do them no harm, as it is necessary to keep them fairly cool, otherwise they may produce all leaves and no blooms. FRUIT SPURS. Now that the latest Apples are practically ready for gathering, a word of caution to ama- ic teur growers may be useful. It is good policy to leave the fruit on the trees as long as possible. They will keep better than if removed too soon. But sometimes the fruit must be removed before the period of perfect ripeness, and herein lies a danger. If the operator is not especially care- ful, he is liable to pull away the spur at the same time as the fruit. This is a more seriou3 matter than may appear. The breaking off of the spurs means the pulling away of so many buds of promise for next season, and the conse- quent sacrifice in advance of fruit production. The best test of ripeness for gathering is to lift the fruit upwards towards the spur. If the fruit be nearly ripe it will part readily. In any case, harvesting should be so conducted that no dam- age is done to spurs. This applies especially to Apples, but tho advice is equally applicable to all lands of fruit that produce their crops on spurs. APPLES SPECKED. The best antidote in the orchard for specked fruit and blotched foliage is to spray with Bordeaux mixture as soon as the fruit is set, and four or five times afterwards, timing the final spraying to take place some five or six weeks before the fruit is ready for gathering, It would also be wise to spray with caustic alkali solution in December and again the latter end of February. Both the solutions must be applied in the form erf a fine spray, either with a syringe or garden-engine, each of which should be fitted with proper spraying nozzles, which you can pur- chase from any horticultural sundricsman. Care must be taken to wear old clothes and stout leather or indiarubber gloves when applying tho alkali wash. on account of its caustic nature.— Gardening Illustrated. PLANTING RASPBERRIES. New plantations are best made as early in the autumn as possible, October being a good month. When the old stools or roots get far away from the base the plantation should be taken up early in autumn and replanted if possible on new ground well trenched, and only young healthy canes used, discarding the old roots as much as possible. Plenty of manure is neces- sary for the new ground when being prepared, and if the soil is p-cor do not bring it to the top, bin thoroughly trench 2ft. to 3ft, deep, well mix- ing the manure and slightly firming the rows previous to planting. A well-manured and trenched plantation will last many years if attended to by removal of suckers and useless wood and autumn manuring. Do not prune or shorten the tops till February or later, as, if cut back early in the winter, they are sometimes in- jured by severe frosts, and consequently are obliged to be shortened back to the live wood by late cutting of the tops. JERUSALEM ARTICHOKES. This vegetable, having now completed its growth, should be lifted and stored. The tubers 6hould be graded, and the sets for next year's planting selected. Be careful that no small tubers remain in the ground, for these would grow next year and -ime a nuisance to the succeeding crop. Store., erusalem Artichokes in tho same manner as Potatoes. GLOBE ARTICHOKES. These will now be benefited by having some long litter or leaves placed around their crowns, .which will act as a protection from frost. It is advisable to put up a quantity of the offsets in case a severe winter should kill the parent plants, an occurrence which frequently happens. The young plants can be protected in a cold frame, and be planted out during the following April, and as the heads from these young plants will not be fit for cutting until the autumn they will form a succession to the old plants, ftTTUCE. Good Lettuces have been somewhat scarce dur- ing tho past month, but with less sun-power and cooler nights the young plants have pulled up remarkably well the last ten days. Those that have to be kept under glass and are now grow- ing in the open should be well moistened at the root before lifting, and again after being placed in position, which should be quite near tne glass, and not planted too thickly together, or decay the sooner sets in. Give abundance of ventilation whenever possible, and kcep any decaying foli- age removed betimes, or it soon spreads to the neighbouring plants. Plant out 9in. apart later sowmgs to stand tho winter, choosing a dry and, if possible, a sheltered border for them, as often the cold, cutting winds from the north-east in early spring play havoc with them.

HINTS TO AMATEURS. Dahlias are still fresh and full of blossom. Michaelmas Daisies, Pyrethrum uliginosum, Miss Mellish Sunflower, and Japanese Ane- mones are bright and fresh. Pelargoniums, also, in t.be beds, are ia good condition at pregeut. But to keep gardens in order now requires more effort, as leaves are falling rapidly. Since the rain, which has .yet got been too abundant, the land is in good order for planting Carna- tions, Pinks, and bulbs of all kinds. Many people delay planting Wallflowers, Pansies, and similar things until the spring, and then wonder they are often unsatisfactory. All these things should be planted during October, and then the roots will get a grasp of the soil before the earth has parted with its summer heat. Potatoes should all have been lifted and stored. Those who want a change of seed should go to Scotland for the best results, though a. great improvement may be haÙ where the sets are selected from the most prolific roots and stored cool. Carrots and Beet may soon be lifted, as there may be some irregular weather coming. All roots should be stored cool. A cool cellar is very suitable where ventilation can be given when re- quired, or, failing that, pit them like Potatoes. A stock of Horseradish should be taken up and laid in on the north side of a wall ready for use when wanted. Those who want very early forced Acparaous generally cut off the tops of the plants which a.re to be forced, so that virtually the riant3 never go to rest, but when placed in heat start a.t once. Young plants are best for early forcing, and it may also be said that young plants from four to five years old aro best for forcing. As soon as hot-beds are ready forcing may begin, though better results may be obtained later. Broccoli that was planted early is making free growth, and towards the end of the mouth la, the plants down with heads to the north.

LLANDUDNO JUNCTION RATEPAYERS' ASSOCIATION. The Need for L.ocal Representatives. Proposed New Public Hall. At a largely attended meeting of the Llan- dudno Junction Ratepayers and Improvement Association, held on Monday evening, Mr H. W. Hughes (Stanley Stores), the newly elected chairman of the association, m the course of his /presidential address, madc the following re- marks:- Although but few evening have passed fsinco wo had our first meeting, I am sure we have all been ponder.ng a good deal over both our prospects ajid the difficulties that confront us. We have much work to do, for we want to make the Ratepayers' Association a power h the Junctiicin tiUati those in authority will huvo to reckon with. Some of our friends are a little pessimistic as to our prospects, and re- mind us that there is no power whatever vested in the association. To a certain extent, this is only too true, and yet there is a power imbued in our very nature and imbued in the nature of all humanity that is more powerful than any vested power. I mean that power to agitate against submitting' to perpetual wrongs and fight for what is right, for fair dealing and fair-play. Our line of action lies here. It is the line upon which all great reforms have been fought and have come about. They are all the fruit Ol the unlacking and persevering agitation, the continual "pegging on" on the part of may be a few of the community. It remains with us to say whether our fight is to be a determined one or not. If it is to be so, we shall require firse of to win the sympathy of all our fellow- ratepayers, and I have no doubt but that we wiil eventually win it, if we only show them that we arc earnestly pursuing our work. Our aim is the good a.nd the welfare of the Junc- tion, but before we can reach our goal we must be in union with all the ratepayers, for in union there is strength. We want this unity in order to run in the nominees of cur association to represent us on the different Councils—men uhom we hope will be in sympathy with us, and will give us at I have every re-spect for some of the men at present representing UP. and they are a valuable a8t to the Councils upon which they serve, but I ask. can men who do not live amongst us serve us as efficiently as men from amongst ourselves? However good and ablo a man out 01 ihe district may be, he cannot be as well informed of our needs and requirements as a man, even if less able, living within the distr'ct To successfully carry on jhe crmpnign, we mist do a 1' we can not only to become ourselves enthusiastic but to make ea^h and every latepayer in the Junction likewise and determined to run our own me-n in the ap- proaching elect'on (applause). A hearty vote of thanks was accorded the chairman for his address. PROPOSED PUBLIC HALL. Considerable discussion took place upon the proposition of Mr Hugh Jones—that the asso- ciation should take steps towards securing public hall for the Junction, and eventually the matter was referred to p. committee, consisting of the Res-. -E Pierce, Messrs Edward Boas, D. Clwyd Griffith, Hugh Jones, and Thomas Owen. FINANCE COMMITTEE. The following, were elected members of the Finance Com nitteoMessrs Garmon Roberts, Edward Boas Llewelyn Jones, Thomas Owen, R. S. Hughes, and James Da vies,

= YOUTHFUL HOUSEBREAKER AT LLANDUDNO. Serious Charge Against a Schoolboy. At Llandudno Petty Sessions on Monday, William HugheB, a schoolboy, was charged with breaking* into anv unoccupied house and steal'ng articles to the value of 5s. Benjamin Williams, Marley-road, Craigydon, said that on Saturday, September 6th, he left certain bools in an unoccupied house in Craigy don; where he had been working, and on the fol- lowing Monday morning found them missing, and one of the windows of the house broken. Robert Morris (aged 13), 3, Charlton-street, said that he remembered going with the defen- dant on the Sunday afternoon. They went to a new house in Craigydon, which was unoccup el. He did not see the window being broken, but heard the crash. He saw the defendant take a scissors and other things, and put them in his pocket. P.C. Evans stated that when charged, the boy ■•repjied, "I will ifetch them for you." He brought the articles from the back of his house, and admitted also that he broke the window. Tho father of the defendant was then called, and said he always found the boy truthful, and a very good boy at home. The Chairman: It is a very serious charge, but on account of your aspe and the good char- acter given you, the Bench have decidcd to take a lenient view of tho ci-ze. and bind vou over in the sum of J65 under the First OflEend-vrg' Act.

MR LLOYD GEORGE'S BOAST. 7HE BISHOP OF ST. DAVID'S RETORT. Writing to the "Western Mail," the Bishop of St. David's says:— Pressure of work has prevented my reply- ing sooner to Mr Lloyd George's unwise boast at the Cardiff Convention last Thurs- dav that the West Riding judgment justi- fied his no-rate revolt. To withhold pay- ment for religious instruction from teachers in Church schools is one thing. To fail to keep secular instruction in those schools efficient is quite another thing. In* the West Riding the salaries of teachers were reduced in proportion to the time given by them for religious instruction. In these Welsh education areas which carried out the no-rate plan of camoo i rrn teachers had to be content with only such salaries as could be paid out of grants without rates. The reduction of teachers' salaries in the West Riding and in parts of Wales was made, therefore, on two quite distinct prin- ciples. The West Riding policy, moreover, mere- ly affected the amount of teachers' salaries, but Mr Lloyd George's no-rate revolt not .onlv reduced salaries, but also did two other discreditable things as well. It under- staffed many Church schools and deprived them of a sufficient supply of school neces- saries. It must be plain, I should think, to everybody, irrespective of political views, that to boast that a judgment which was concerned only with the amount of teach- ers' salaries justified in any way at all either the under-staffing of schools or an in- sufficient supply of school necessaries is sim- ply aburd. The less Mr Lloyd George says in future about either the legalitv or the cleverness of his no-rate revolt the better. The official announcement to-dav that the Government intends to appeal against the West Riding judgment shows that our Welsh Cabinet Minister is not an infallible guide for Welsh countv councils to follow in regard to the reduction of teaohers' salaries anv more than in regard to the under-staffing of schools and an insufficient supply of school necessaries.

BIBLE SOCIETY MEETING AT ST. ASAPH. At a meet:ng of tho local auxiliary of the Bible Society, held on Monday evening, the Eishop of St.. Asaph presided, and his address I is given at length in another column. Mr Peter Roberts, J.P.. read the annual statement of accounts. The balance in the treasurer's hands last year was J61 156 lid, L37, 16s lid had been collected, and JE2 4s 3d realised from the sale of Bibles. They had sent £35 to the parent society L3 was spent on the pur- chase of Bibles and Testaments, printing cost jE3 2s 3d, and there was 5s 5d in the treasurer's hands. The aocoants had been audited by Mgssrs Robert Jones and H. A. Cleaver, and the secretaries were the Dean of St. Asaph and Mr Peter Roberts, the treasurer being Mr R. E. Griffiths. The following were the collectors and collec- tions: Elwy Bridge to Plas Coch, collected by Messrs Griffiths and Jones, £3 4s 3d; Elwy Bridge to Penucharoe, collected by Messrs Ro- berts and Jones, L2 2s; Hig'h-street, Lower-st. Gemig-st-reet, etc., collected by Messrs Gallagher and Slater, JE5 Be 2d; Mount-road, Cheater-st., Denbigh-road, to Brynpolyn oollected by Messrs Jones Price, i:12 3.s 4d; W aen. Rhyl ion, etc., collected by Misses Davies and Small- wood, JB1 18s 7d; Bodelwyddan, etc., collected by Misses Morris and JE1 6s 6d: Ceftf Meiriadog (upper part), oollected by Misses Strangewood and Williams, £1 10s 3d_; Cefn Meiriadog (lower part), c-ollectod by Messri Rees and Davies, 18s 7 £ d; Rhuallt, etc., col- iectod by Misses Hughes and Williams. El 85 6d; Tremeirchion. etc., collected by Mi!'ol Roberts and Smith, J32 175 9d Cathedra! offer- tory, JB4 7s 2<1: portion of chapels' harvosf homo collection. £ 1 15s 6d; collection at publ'i meeting, 158 lOzd. The Dean proposed a resolution to the effect that the report l>e pr:nted and circulated. He said he did not believe that the Bible was read and studied as much as it was 50 or 60 years ago In fact, if they studied the sermons pub- lished to day they would find that they did not oonta-n so large a proportion of quotations from tho Scr;pture as they did years ago. It was urged that secular education alone should be given in the day schools. He knew something of the work of the day schools, and had watched carefully the improvements which had taken pUoe. Bur, what wou'ki all the secuVar ('(it' cation in the world, do for a man in his iast davs when it did rot teach him that Christ died for all? The knowledge of that great truth was something that would last for ever, and he hoped that the country would not so far forget itr-eii, a'¿ that the black day would never dawn when Bible teaching and religious instruction would be driven out of the schools (applause). They sent Bibles to distant lands, but never let them turn it out of their own country (ap- plause). The Rev. W. M. Jones seconded, and the re- port was adopted

ONE'S BEST THINGS. The best things which one does are what he does himself without guidance from another. Encouragement, sympathy, and assistance one craves as a thirsty man cries for water; but the force and guidance ,which lead to real success must be one's ownJ The men who make the greatest successes are not those who have had the most guidance, but those who either by environment or in- struction have had the best development. But no man should fail to appreciate the true worth of sympathy, encouragement, and assistance of the right kind. These are, however, really a part of his armament. ITnfortunate is the man who has them not—- P. T. Austen.

PIGS READY FOR KILLING SIXTEEN DAlS EARLIER. W. Rhodes Levy, Yarmouth, Isle of Wight, says:—"I consider MOLASSINE MEAL a most valuable food. Some Pigs fed with it were ready for killing 16 days earlier than tome fed- without it. Their meat was beautifully firrit and white." Not & condiment, but a food replacing other food stuffs. Sold by all Grain and Forago Merchants, and THE MOLASSINE CO., LTD., 36,, Mark Lane, London.