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LONDON CORRESPONDENCE,1
LONDON CORRESPONDENCE,1 We do not identify oursblveg with our Correspondent'! opiniorm. Those readers of newspapers who, beyond everything else, are politicians, have enough mental pabulum of their own particular kind sup- plied them just now to satisfy the most exacting. What with the central organisation of one of the great parties in the State assembling in confer- ence at Nottingham one week, and that of another of those parties gathering at Manchester the next, there is abundance of miscellaneous political reading, even if there be ignored the party speeches delivered in other parts of the country by various leading men during the same period. As regularly as the commencement of every recess comes round, wo are all ready to declare that the people generally are surfeited with talk about public concerns, and that they will be quite content to wait until Parliament again opens for renewed acquaintance with it. But as the recess draws on. the weariness seems to disappear, the old longing to have some share in even seeming to- settle the affairs of t',e nation resumes its sway, and what to political leaders should be their holiday becomes their period of hardest work. This last consideration, however, is not one over which much sympathy need be wasted. There are rooted traditions to the effect that the fox rather likes being hunted than otherwise, and the truth underlying it certainly applies to prominent political speakers. Groan as they conventionally may at being called from their homes and their holiday to render service to their party's cause, none know better than them- selves how disappointed they would be if no invitation had reached them to make the sacrifice. The wholesome scepticism which a Teat many of us had entertained concerning the truth of the more unfavourable portion of the informa- tion which from time to time came from Africa concerning the fate of Mr. H. M. Stanley has now been abundantly justified. The latest com- munication from the intrepid explorer only amplifies the outline previously received of the astounding series of adventures he has gone through in the ultimately-successful endeavour to relieve Emin but it is thrilling indeed. That earlier letter of his. in which he described the march during the initial stage of the expedition, through a dense forest, which covered an area as large as France, will not have been forgotten but there are passages in the latest letter, not- ably those narrating the sufferings from famine, which are equally painful reading. Probably most of us will think that it is well from many points of view that this particular chapter of African travel has now been closed. Emin being safe—though, it is stated, partially blind as a consequence of his sufferings-there is no further necessity for desp itching expeditions to Central Africa for his relief and the fearful waste of human life which has taken place as the most recent consequence of attempts to open up the Dark Continent should be taken into account when the gains to geographical know- ledge or trading concerns are calculated. Africa was wont to be coloured black on certain old familiar descriptive maps: and all that was involved in that gruesome coloration promises to remain a long time with Africa still. Certain of the County Councils in England are just now engaged in a work which may have excellent results. All who have studied the question are aware that many of the smaller charities which had come down from olden time have disappeared within the last half century, and the poor, who were accustomed to be benefited by them, are benefited by them no more. What has been everybody's business has, in the old accustomed fashion, been nobody's business, and so this continual leakage has gone on without distinct check. One County Council at least has now set an example which is certain to be followed, for it has directed its General Purposes Committee to furnish each member of the larger body with a complete list of all the charities in the shire, together with a statement showing the founder's name,the object of the charity, the present value of the propert-tbemaiirerin it is applied, and the names of the trustees and those who keep the deeds. If all those particulars can bo obtained they will be of great importance; and particularly if they are compared with a similar return made for the whole ot England and Wales by order of Parliament just exactly a century since. This was a very elaborate docu- ment, and, curiously enough, though compiled in the years 17SH-S8. it was not ordered by the House of Commons to be printed until IS 10. There are later returns extant, notably those of 18^0, 1-3;3, and and a careful comparison of them all would reveal a very curious state of things. The launch at Chatham a few days since of H.M.S. Blake, the largest and heaviest un- armoured cruiser now afloat, is one more indi- cation of how our navy is steadily becoming more and more strengthened, in order that she may continue to well hold her own against the ileofca ^;ir0pe- is declared that not CrJy will the new vessel be able under stress to sail at a continuous speed of twenty knots an hour, but that no other cruiser in the world has any- thing like the amount of liori,orital protection she possesses, so that like the British Army itself, she ought to be able to go anywhere and do anything. The tendency of the day is to build ships of this type in preference to con- tinually launching huge monsters which may prove, and often do prove, unwieldy failures. The old contest between guns and armour, which has been carried on with even weightier guns and even thicker armours, has now practi- cally been decided in favour of the artillerists, and a necessary reaction has, therefore, set in against the tremendous ships which for years it had been the fashion alone to build. Swifc and well-protected cruisers are now the order of the day: and how necessary they may prove for the preservation of all concerned, if ever we are involved in war. it does not require much effort of the imagination to understand. A blow struck at our naval supremacy might involve the loss of our commercial supremacy, and what that IOFS might entail it is painful to contemplate. Simultaneously with the launch of the Blake, particulars are forthcoming of one of the seven new warships, of which the Aus- tralasian Colonies L are partly undertaking the cost, in order that they may in this fashion contribute to their own defence. The arrangement between the mother country and the colonies, which was nn outcome of the Colonial Conference, held in London two years since, is a somewhat curious one. It laid down that Great Britain should undertake the cost of building, arming, and equipping five protected cruisers and two torpedo gun vessels, the colonies agreeing to defray the cost of maintenance of these ships up to the sum of L'H,00()yearlyint:me of peace, and in addition to pay England £ '••">/<00 annually for ten years as a contribution towards the expense of construction: and then came the promise that at^the end of the ten years named the seven vessels should become the mother country's exclusive property. It is this last con- dition that is the most striking, and it will be very interesting to see whether it can be practi- cally carried out, for, in the opinion of many, it will bedoubtful w he ther the A ustralasian Colonies. having ones become part proprietors of a navy, however small, will care to yield up even the semblance of ownership. Once more a project is to be laid before Par- liament for constructing an underground rail- way across London from north to south. A glance at any map of the metropolis will show that such a line is much to be desired in the interest of the travelling public, but the repeated failure of the promoters of all such schemes to persuade Parliament that they may be made ooth practical and paying conveys a wholesome warning against being in any way sanguine as to the success of any of them. Ic seems, indeed, to be generally agreed that it is hopeless to look for the construction of an underground line of the accustomed type in the position in which one is still required. In the first place, the cost o! construction would be almost overwhelmingly enormous: in the second, the inhabitants of the district through which it would pass would have fair reason tc) ob- ject to the street disturbance entailed during its making and in the third, Londoners are becom- ing so heartily tired of travelling through sulphur- laden tunnels, that it is exceedingly doubtful whether another could in any case be made to pay. The new scheme, it must be owned, seeks to obviate all these difficulties, and in a rather ingenious manner. It proposes to be constructed at so great a depth that interference with exist- ing buildings would be out of the question, thus disposing of a large portion of the first objection, and practically of the second; while, as touching the third, it would work the trains by electricity, and thus avoid the necessity for belching forth volumes of coal-smoke. These considerations are both novel and ingenious, and it will be in- teresting to see how Parliament deals with them. One thing is certain: the scientific evidence that will be called by both promoters and objectors will once more prove to the public the extreme value of what is still called ex- pert" testimony. A correspondence precaliarly appropriate to the time of the year is now progressing in a leading London newspaper, which seeks to solve the problem of short weight in coals. A benevo- lent legislative enacted a good many years ago that every coal cart should carry scales and weights so that the careful house- holder should be able to stand at his door and see for himself that he was having the proper quantity of the desired com- I modity. Unfortunately, as it turns out, the careful householder does nothing of the kind, and the very utmost precaution he ever takes is to count the sacks in which the coal is delivered. Innocent as he is. he is not aware that there are two methods in which he might be swindled on this point, one on behalf of the man and the other on that of the master. There are men who bring an empty sack with them and slip it care- fully in with the rest so as to deceive the counting householders: and there are masters whose sacks do not hold by any means the stated amount. It may be believed that dishonest folk of this sort, whether employers or employed, are few but that they exist, and that the public by them is largely robbed, no one with his eyes open can doubt. A. F. n.
-------------CHURCH BUILDING.
CHURCH BUILDING. The Incorporated Society for promoting the en- largement, building, and repairing of churches and chapels has held its usual monthly meeting (the first for the present session), at Dean's-yard, Westminster Abbey. The Rev. C. F. Norman was in the chair, and there were also present Canon Cizenove, Canon J. Ersliine Clarke, Canon A. J. Ingram, the Rev. C. A. Jones, the Kev. C. Wyatt-Smith, Canon W. Chet- wynd Stapylton, Mr. John Boodle, Mr. James Hilton, Mr. F. H. Rooke, Mr. E. Thornton, and the Rev. R. Milburn Blakiston (Secretary). Grants of money were made in aid of the following objects— viz Buildinsr nf w churches at the Eton mission district in the parish of St. Augustin's, South Hackney, Middlesex, £250; Hampstead St. Paul's, in the parish of Handsworth, Birmingham, £ 150 Harringay St. Paul's, in the parish of St. Mary's, Hornsey, Middlesex, £ 125 and Highcliffe All Saints, in the parish of Chilcomb, near Winchester, £ 150 Rebuilding the churches at Fenton Christ Church, near Stoke-on-Trent, £ 225; and Harlow St. Mary Magdalene, Essex, JE45 and towards enlarging or otherwise improving the accommodation in <> the churches at Bradford Abbas St. Mary, near Sher- borne, Dorset, £ 20; Colton Holy Trinity, near Ulver- stone, £ 20 Corsley St. Margaret's, near Warminster, LI-5; Farnborough St. Mark's, Hants, £ 45; Hurst- bourne Tarrant St. Peter, near Andover, Hants,.EI5 Kettering St. Peter and St. Paul, Northants, £ 50; Kingstone St. Michael's, near Tram Inn, Hereford, £ 40; Lamyat St. Mary and St. John, Somerset, £1(J; LJanbri Holy Trinity, near Llanstephan, Carmarthen, £ 15 and Rickmansworth St. Mary MagdaUne, Herts, £ 50. Grants were also made from the Special Mission Buildings Fund towards build- ing mission churches at Lower-place the Good Shepherd, in the parish of All Souls, Harlesden, Middlesex, +'25 and a chapel of ease in the parish of St. Mary's, Fling, near Southampton, £ 30. 1he following grants were also paid for works completed -Morniogthorpe St John's, near Long Stratton, £ 25 Accrington St. Peter's, XIOO; Truro St. Paul's, ZCIOO; South Petherwin, npar Launceston, £ G0 Crowthorce, Berks, £ 100; Birmingham St. Chrysostom, £ 4.25; j Westbury Leigh, Wilts, £10; Guist, Norfolk, £ 25; Nymet Rowland, Devon, £ 20; Little Horwood, Bucks, £ 25 Portsea St. Mary's, f250 Cymmer St. John's, near Llautrisant, £ 200 Marldon St. John's, South Devon, £ 80; Kenfig Hill, near Bridgend, £ 50 Aspley St. Paul, Huddersfield, £ 10; Upton Park, St. Albans, Essex, £ 20 and Bridgebampton, near Ilchester, £ 10. The society likewise accepted the trust of a sum of money as a repair fund for St. Mark's, Noel-park, Wood-green, Middlesex.
—. ! SUMMONING OFFICERS.I
—. SUMMONING OFFICERS. In reference to certain comments recently made in the Queen's bench Division of the High Court of Justice, "A Summoning Officer" writes: When, on my return to town, I saw reported the remarks made by the Lord Chief Justice iR reference to the sum- moning officers, you might h3ve knocked me down without the poverbial feather. I, like the High Sheriff, have a house," but, unfortunately, no garden or broad acres, and barely suilcient income: for luxuries." Yet I am compelled, at my own ex- pense, to perform the duties of this office at au outlay of nearly two hundred pounds a year, owing to a i'aw in the Juries Act of 18G2. Although this Haw has been repeatedly pointed out, both to mem- bers of Parliament and judges, no step has yet been taken to remedy the shameful grievance. Surely the time has come when this most unnecessary tax on summoning officers should be discontinued, and it is in the hope that some member of Parliament will bring the matter before the House during the coming session that I ask you to insert this letter in your journal.
GERMAN SOCIALISM.
GERMAN SOCIALISM. A big Socialist trial has been begun at Ebberfeld Ninety-one persons are accused of being members of a secret society, among them being the Socialist deputies, Bebel, Grillenberger, Schuhmacher, and. Harm, as also Herr Belles, a Dusseldorf barrister. Two of the defendants have taken to flight. The indictment drawn up by the Public Prosecutor charges all the defendants with having pur- sued" the object of rendering illusory the j Anti-Socialist law of October, 1887, and of having made propaganda for the Socialist cause by numerous pamphlets and through the organ of the party, the Social Democrat. The prose- cution seeks to prove that the Socialist deputies direct a vast organisation, having a branch at Ebber- feld llarmen, one of the principal industrial centres, and that a constant exchange of communications has been kept up between this branch and the central direction of the secret society. The accused maintain that there was no secrecy in the Society's dealings. Strong reinforcements of police and gendarmerie have been drafted into Ebberfeld for the trial.
IRISH APPOINTMENTS. I
IRISH APPOINTMENTS. It is officially announced in Dublin that Lord Chief Justice Morris has been appointed successor to the late Lord Fitzgerald as Lord of Appeal. The vacancy in the Lord Chief Justiceship will be filled by the Attorney-General, Mr. Peter O'Brien, and the Solicitor- General, Mr. Madden, M.P., will become Attorney- General. Mr. John Atkinson, Q.C.. Crown Prosecutor of Dublin, has been appointed to the Solicitor- Generalship, and Mr. John Gerrard, Q.C., will succeed Mr. Atkinson as Crowa Prosecutor.
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THIS gem of schoolboy definition is worthy of beiug placed on record. It was sent in by a pupil in a public schoel: Repugnant—one who repugs." GUEST (helping himself pretty freely to the cognac): It is very peculiar. I never feel an appetite for dinner unless I take cognac afterwards." MOTIIEK WAS VICTORIOUS.—Jimmy Brown Has your ma been whippin' you, Billy ?" Billy "I don't care to answer. It's sufficient for you to know that she got the upper hand of me." W I I E I suppose we'll have to send an invitation to those Evercomes to be at our party next week, but I hate to have them here. I wish I knew how to avoid it." Husband: "Send the invitation by a messenger boy. Then you'll have done your duty, and they won't get it until after the party has occurred."
POLITICAL ADDRESSES.
POLITICAL ADDRESSES. Sir Charles Russell, Q.C., M.P., on Monday evening delivered his annual address to his constituents at the Morley Hall, Hackney. Speaking of the Parnell Commission, on which some final words h&d yet to be said, he declared that the sole point for which it had been granted had been utterly destroyed by the col- lapse of the Pigott letter conspiracy, and that in his opinion political parties at any rate had already made up their minds on the subject of the other issues Referring to Ireland, he warned his hearers against the Tory policy of buying out the landlords as, while admitting that the land question had a great deal to do with the present state of disaffection in that country, he thought that even were the land ques- tion settled, other and stronger national questions would arise. A vote of confidence in Sir Charles and the Liberal leaders was passed unanimously. Speaking at Hoxton on Monday night, Professor Stuart, M.P., said he should urge at Manchester that the Liberal party must give London two things. In the first place, the County Council should have all the powers which every other municipality in this country had. In the second, the real sources of taxation must be tapped, and there must be power to charge the cost of the conduct of the municipal affairs of London on the landlords of London. If they carried those points they would have obtained nine-tenths of what they wanted, and if the Liberals did not concede them Londoners must fight for them.
DESPERATE POACHING AFFRAY.
DESPERATE POACHING AFFRAY. Between twelve and one on Monday morning three gamekeepers, named Thomas Russell, Jf-hn Merrick, and Samuel Merrick, were watc'ng on "be estate of Lord Wrottesley, a few miles from Wolverhampton, when they surprised, and were immediately attacked by a gang of seven or eight poachers, all well armed with thick bludgeons and knives. A desperate struggle ensued, but although the keepers succeeded in marking one or two of their assailants, they were ultimately overpowered, and two of them left upon the ground so shockingly injured, that in the case of the head keeper, Russell, who was taken to the Wolverhampton Hospital, but slight hopes were enter- tained of his recovery. Both his arms were fractured, and he was severely wounded in several places on the head. The second keeper, John Merrick, is suffering from a serious incised wound in the left jaw, caused by the stab of a knife, and cuts upon both hands. Owing to the darkness of the night the keepers were unable to see their assailants, but the police believe the gang to belong to Wolverhampton, and a number of arrests have been made.
BELLIGERENT DERVISHES.I
BELLIGERENT DERVISHES. I Reports received at Cairo from Wady Haifa state that a force is being collected at Omdurman to rein- force the dervishes at Dongola. The Khalifa has summoned the leading Emirs to Omdurman, and it is rumoured that reinforcements will be despatched to Dongola, indicating a fresh frontier invasion, under- taken in order to avenge the dervish defeat at Toski. The dervishes have advanced their Nile post to Luarda, 150 miles south of Wady Haifa, but patrols reaching as far as Firket prevent emigration north- ward Neverthless, numbers of refugees are arriving at Wady Haifa, and the Khalifa, in order to stop this, has ordered his Emirs to treat the people with leniency. A few dervishes are reported to be near Abu Bamed, which place is, however, being fortified. The dervishes continue their raids in Abyssinia. The greater part of the Equatorial provinces being now in the bands of the dervishes, the latter have a large force available for operations elsewhere. A rumour is current at Suakim that the Senoussi movement is reviving in West Darfour.
A SCHOOL DIFFICULTY.
A SCHOOL DIFFICULTY. A deputation was introduced to Lord Cranbrook at the Education Department, Whitehall, on Monday, by Mr. Mundella, M. P,, who explained that a majority of the Salisbury School Board had allowed the sup- porters of voluntary schools to propose to the De- partment to build two Church schools in tJlace of the British Schools which had been condemned. Lord Cranbrook, replying to the deputation, sa- 1 there was no legal obligation to compel a School I d to take up that which others would do in atead. Mr. Mundella expressed profound regret at this ruling. If it were true, he said, the Roman Catholics might have supplied the schools and forced the children of Nonconformists into them.
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..1,r:>If' THE EUROPEAN CONCERT. King Humbert, in his speech delivered on Monday, on the opening of the Italian Parliament, said the maintenance of the peace of Europe now appeared to be assured, thanks to the concert prevailing among the Great Powers. The disturbing questions, how- ever, were not all settled, and it was necessary to make continued naval and military provision for the protection of their independence.
-----------EXECUTING CHINESE…
EXECUTING CHINESE CRIMINALS. A few days since 11 criminals were executed at Foochow. Had the Hebrew prophets lived in China they would certainly have chosen an execution as an emblem of sudden destruction. At the Board of War the vermilion pencil marks upon the death- warrant, and this is handed to a trusty courier who mounts his steed and dashes towards his domination. The posts supply fresh horses and onward he goes, sleeping and eating in hie saddle and never halt- ing by day or night, in sunshine or rah, during his ride of 700 miles. When he arrives, three messengers are qnickly despatched-one to the district magistrate whose turn it is to preside, and who quickly mounts the Grand Stand" in the large field near the pagoda: one to the camp, and 100 braves set off at a dog trot; and one to the gaol. The unfortunates are bound, dragged before the gaol- god of Hades, and required to pay their respects, placed in a cage, and carried at double quick time to the execution ground. The blade or nerve of one executioner is never trusted to take off more than three or four heads, for it is a gross infraction of the law to use two strokes when the sentence is one knife." There are generally from 50 to 100 execu- tions a year in the city, but this is not much for 21,0011,000. They are mostly pirates, and, no doubt, a majority richly deserve their fate.
-------|DOCTORS' FEES.
DOCTORS' FEES. There were some rather amusing scenes in the Registrar's Court, Birmingham, a day or two since. There were no fewer than 100 claims by doctors, and the plaintiffs were all represented by one Individual, who found himself involved in a rather perplexing task. Every defendant disputed the claim against him either in the whole or detail, and in it least one instance the Statute of Limitations was successfully pleaded. In the majority of cases it was urged that j some part of the bills had been paid, so what could anybody say except the professional man to whom the amount was actually due. The result was that the defendants usually got the amounts reduced. But probably it answers tho purpose of medical men, where small debts are concerned, to face these losses rather than waste their valuable time in a county- court.
ACCIDENT ASSURANCE.
ACCIDENT ASSURANCE. An Aberdare grocer, named Prosser, insured with the Lancashire and Yorkshire Accident Insurance Company, and having sustained an accidentagreed to accept about L12 in full discharge of his claim. He afterwards sued to recover £ 144, and the action was tried on Monday before Mr. Baron Huddlsston and a jury. It was arranged that the jury should be dis- charged that there should be judgment for the plaintiff, subject to a question of law; and that execution should be stayed with a view to an appeal.
- STANLEY'S HOMEWARD MARCH.
STANLEY'S HOMEWARD MARCH. TELEGRAM FROM THE EXPLORER. The following telegram has been received at the Foreign Office in London: "Zanzibar, Nov. 21, 1889. Following news from Stanley: Arrived at Mpwapwa Nov. 10, 55th day from Victoria Nyanza, and IS8th from Albert Nyanza. Europeans present: Stairs, Nelson, Jeph- son, Parke, Bonny, Hoffmann, Emin Pasha and daughter, Casati, Marco, and Fathers Graul and Schinze, of Algerian Mission. Proposed leaving 12th. Reach coast via. Hemba, Mwemi.' Stanley says has made unexpected discovery of real value to Africa in extension of Victoria Nyanza to the south-west. The utmost southerly reach of this extension is south latitude 2deg. 4Smin, and brings Victorian Sea within 155 miles of Lake Tanganyika, and that area of lake is 26,900 square miles. All letters and news now pass through German hands. A further telegram has been received from Zanzi- bar confirming the news of Stanley's safe arrival at Mpwapwa. The telegram states that Stanley bad with him 750 people, of whom 290 belonged to Emin Pasha's party, and there were also about 60 children. He gives the names of the Europeans with him, which have already been published, and adds that only 18 of his people have been lost since he left Victoria Lake. At Usukama they bad four days' fighting, but succeeded in forcing their way through the enemy. The expedition may be expected to reach Bagamoyo in about a fortnight. Nothing was warting but a message from Mr. Stanley to confirm the good news of his safe arrival at Mpwapwa, and this has come to hand. Sir William Mackinnon has received a telegram direct from the explorer, which announces his arrival on the 10th inst., his intention of setting forward again on the 12th, and it adds the comforting assurance that he may be expected any day at the coast. The distance from Mpwapwa to Bagamoyo, which is the nearest point on the coast line, is about 150 miles, and Bagamoyo, as African distances go, is within a stone's throw of Zanzibar. By the time these lines are read, then, Mr. Stanley will be well on in the final stage of his wanderings, and will no doubt have left behind him a good part of the 150 miles. The wonderful journey right across the Continent is, as we write, almost done, and it has doubly succeeded in its object. Emin Pasha, rescued in the very nick of time, returns safe and sound, with many other Europeans, whose names are given in the telegram received at the Foreign Office, and printed above. This is the prime success, and only after it comes the mention of a geographical discovery, said to be important. Mr. Stanley has found that the south-west shore of the Victoria Nyanza is far nearer to Lake Tanganyika than it is marked on the maps. The distance that really separates the two lakes is but 155 miles, while, as at present marked, it is at least 180. Mr. Stanley is now in the German settlement on the coast, and he is assured of all needful aid and comfort, as the Germans are naturally proud of having such a guest. In a very short time we may be receiving direct news from Mr. Stanley every day, inis-ead of having to put up with "latest messages" nearly a year old. STANLEY'S MARCH TO THE COAST. The London Morning Post, has been favoured with a copy of the following interesting letter from Mr. Stanley, which was received on Saturday by Mr. E. Marston, of London C.M.S., S. End Victoria Nyanza, September 3, 1859. My dear Marston,—It just now seems such an age to me since I left England. Ages have gone by since I saw you, surely. Do you know why ? Because a daily thickening barrier of silence has crept between that time and this, silence so dense that in vain we yearn to pierce it. On my side I may ask, < What have you been doing ?' On yours you may ask, I And what have you been doing ?' I can assure myself, now that I know you live, that few days hive passed-without the special task of your business being performed as wisely and well as posiible-tnd for the time being you can believe me, that one day has followed the other in striving 8trifefully against all manner of obstacles natural and otherwise, from the day I left Yambuya to August 28, 1889, the day I arrived here. The bare catalogue of incidents would fill several quires of foolscap, catalogue of skirmishes would be of respectable length, catalogue of adventures, acci- dents, mortalities, sufferings from fever, morbid musings over mischances that meet us daily, would make a formidable list. You know that all the stretch of country between Yambuya to this place was an absolute new country, except what may be mea- sured by five ordinary marches. First, there is that dead white of the map now changed to a dead black —I mean the darkest region of the earth confined between E. long. 25 deg., and E. lat. 29deg. 45min., one great compact, remorselessly sullen forest-the growth of an untold number of ages, swarming at stated intervals with immense numbers of vicious man-eating savages, and crafty, under-sized men who were unceasing in their annoyance; then Ibere is that belt of grass land lying between it and the Albert Nyanza, whose people contested every mi!o of advance with spirit, and made us think that they were guardians of some priceless treasure hidden on the Nyanza shores, or at war with Emin Pasha and his thousands. A Sir Perceval in search of the Holy Grail could not have met with hotter opposition. Three separate times necessity compelled us to tra- verse these unholy regions with varying fortunes. Incidents then crowded fast. Emin Pasha was a pri- soner, an officer of ours was his forced companion, and it really appeared as though we were to be added to the list; but there is a virtue, you know, even in striving unyieldingly, in hardening the nerves, and facing these ever-clinging mischances without paying too much heed to the reputed danger. One is assisted much by knowing that there is no other course, and the danger, somehow, nine times out of ten diminishes. The rebels of Emin Pasha's Government relied on their craft and on the wiles of heathen Chinee and it is rather amusing now to look back and note how punishment has fallen on them. W'as it Provi- dence, or luck ? Let those who love to analyse such matters reflect on it. Traitors without the camp and traitors within were watched, and the most active conspirator was discovered, tried, and hanged, the traitors without fell foul of one another, and ruined themselves. If not luck, then it is surely Providence, in auswer to good men's prayers far away. Our own people, tempted by extreme wretchedness and misery, sold our rifles and ammunition to our natural enemies, the Manyema slave-traders, true fiends without the least grace in either their bodies or souls. What happy influence was it that restrained mo from destroying all those concerned in it P Each time I read the story of Captain Nelson's and Surgeon Parkes's sufferings I feel vexed at my forbearance and yet again I feel thankful, for a higher power than man's severely afflicted the cold-blooded murderers by causing them to feed upon one another a few weeks after the rescue and relief of Nelson and Parkes. The memory of those days alternately hardens and unmans me. With the rescue of the Pasha, poor old Casati, and those who preferred Egypt's flesh pots to the coarse plenty of the pro- vince near the Nyanza, we returned, and while we were patiently waiting the doom of the rebels was consummated. Since that time of anxiety and unhappy outlook, I have been at the point of death from a dreadful illness; the strain had been too much, and for 23 days I lay helpless, tended by the kindly and skilful hand of Surgeon Parkes. Then little by little I gathered strength, and ordered the march for home. Discovery after discovery in the wonderful region was made. The snowy ranges of Ruevenzoni, the Cloud King' or Rain Creator,' the Semliki River, the Albert Edward Nyanza, the plains of Noongora, the Salt Lakes of Kative, the new peoples, Wakonju of the Great Mountains, the dwellers of the rich forest region, the Awamba, the fine-featured Wasonyora, the Wanyoro bandits, and then the Lake Albert Edward tribes, and the shepherd races of the Eastern Uplands. Then Wanvankori, besides the Wanyaru- wamba and the Wazinja, until at last we came to a church whose cross dominated a Christian settlement, and we knew that we had reached the outsiirts of blessed civilisation. We have every reason to be grateful, and may that feeling b? ever kept within me. Our promises as volunteers have been performed as well as though we had been specially commissioned by a Govern- ment. We have been all volunteers, each devoting his several gifts, abilities, and energies to win a suc- cessful issue for the enterprise. If there has been anything that clouds sometimes our thoughts it has been that we were compelled by the state of Emin Pasha and his own people to cause anxieties to our friends by serious delay. At every oppor- tunity I have endeavoured to lessen these by de-patching full accounts of our progress to the com- mittee, that through them all interested might Do ac- quainted with what we were doing. Some of my officers also have been troubled in thought that their Government might not overlook their having over- stayed their leave, but the truth is the wealth of the British Treasury could not have hastened our march without making ourselves liable to impeachment for breach of faith, and the officers were as much in- volved as myself in doing the thing honourably and well. "I hear there is great trouble, war, kc., between the Germans and Arabs of Zanzibar. What influence this may have on our fortune I do not know, but we trust nothing to interrupt the march to the sea, which will be begun in a few days. Meantime, wich such wishes as the best and most inseparable friends endow one another, I pray your partners, Mr. earle, Mr. Rivington, and young Mr. Marston to accept, and you believe me, always yours sincerely, "HENRY M. STANLEY." LETTER FROM EMIN. The Berlin papers of Sunday morning publish a letter from Emin Pasha addressed to Dr. Schwein- furth. It is dated British Mission Station of Ussambiro, k-ictoria Nyanza, August 20, 1889, and runs as follows :—" Stanley with his people and the few persons who came with me just arrived here. I hasten to send you, who always showed so much kindness towards me and interest in my welfare, these few lines just as a sign of life. Should we, as I hope, remain hero for a few days, I shall no doubt be able to write to you more fully, although I am half blind. The military revolution in my own province, the imprisonment of Jephson and myself at Dufile, the arrival of tbe Mahdists in Lado, the capture and destruction of Redjaf, the massacre of the soldiers and officers sent against them, our departure for Wadelai and flight to Tunguru, the attack of the Mahdists on Dufile and their complete defeat, our final union with Stanley, the highly interesting march, geographically and otherwise, from the Albert Nyanza to this place all these things I hope to relate to you in leisure evening hours. I have also some good specimens of plants for you. May I ask you to give my kindest remembrances to Junker, Ratzel, S'upan, Hassenstein, and Perthes P Will try to write, but my eyes Please accept my best regards, and believe me, your sincere and devoted EMIN." DESPATCH TO THE EMIN RELIEF COMMITTEE. A letter to the Emin Pasha Relief Committee, nearly a month earlier in date than the letter to Mr. Marston already printed, has also only just been received in London and published by the newspapers. It abounds, however, in details of the meeting with Emin. Like everything that Mr. Stanley writes, it is rich in the pictures; iue. It paints a man as well as a situation. It shows us how Emin's irresolution, his difficulty in making up his mind to a yea or a nay on the question of quitting his post-already remarked by Mr. Stanley atter their first meeting- had at length been conquered by circumstances. When Mr. Stanley after incredible hardships again neared the Albert, it was only to learn, from secret letters of Mr. Jephson—himself under surveillance— of the irruption of the Mahdists, the treachery of Emin's troops, and the captivity of their leader. Stanley's men had passed through frightful perils on the way—hostile dwarfs, smallpox, starvation, over- feeding, and death-only for their leader to receive this cold comfort at last. I trust you will arrive before the Mahdists are reinforced, or our case will be desperate," wrote Mr. Jephson in conclusion. All Stanley, or at any rate all the heroic Stanley of the African wilds, comes out in the answer. He tells Jephson to obey him, and to let his orders be to him "as a frontlet between the eyes," and all will yet end well. I want to help the l'asha somehow, but he must also help me, and credit me. If he wishes to get out of this trouble I am his most devoted servant and friend, but if he hesitates again I shall be plunged in wonder and perplexity. I could save a dozen Pashas if they were willing to be saved. I would go on my knees to implore the Pasha to be sensible in his own case. He is wise enough in all things else, even his own interest. Be kind and good to him for his many virtues, but do not you be drawn into the fatal fascination Soudan territory seems to have for all Europeans of late years. As soon as they touch its ground they seem to be drawn into a whirlpool which sucks them in and covers them with its waves. The only way to avoid it is to obey blindly, devotedly and unquestioning all orders from the outside." That little passage on the fascination of the Soudan should especially be written in letters of gold for the benefit of those home-keeping fanatics with faces of brass who are for ever telling us that we ought once more to adventure our lives and our millions in that miserable region. Finally, when Stanley has made all the depositions which this new and terrible con- juncture seems to demand, a letter reaches his camp to announce that Emin, with two steamers full of fugitives, is at anchor just below. It might be a letter of surrender from a certain sadness in its tone. So indeed it is, and we honour the writer all the more for it. Emin has surrendered the bright hopes which have buoyed him up through all his years of toil, hardship, and danger, and he has had to give the Soudan back to barbarism. If he had been less than sad on such an occasion he would have been less than the man he is. When Mr. Stanley reviews all the circumstances, he will surely see that Emin's irresolution was but a form of his genius for self-sacrifice and his devotion to a great object. It will be to Emin's eternal honour that ho did not leave the Soudan till he was driven out of it, and that he clung to his charge till all his strength was gone. It is difficult to know which to admire most, the rescued or the rescuer. Two such spirits, especially wbeu they are seen together in one enterprise, stimulate our pride in the entire race. 11 seems no longer rash to say that they will como safely out of Africa. —— DR. PETERS'S FATE. Strangely conflicting reports reach us from Zan- zibar and Berlin relative to the fate of Dr. Peters, From the former place it is telegraphed that confir- matory news has been received there of the massacre of Dr. Peters and one other German with him, and of all the native members of the party except five porters. The place of the reported massacre and various other circumstantial details are given. On the other hand the Emin Pasha Relief Committee at Berlin have received a telegram declaring that it was an English expedition, and not that of Dr. Peters, that was "dispersed by the Somalis." Dr. Peters and his party are said to have established a fortified Station at the foot of Mount Kenia. FURTHER LETTER FROM STANLEY. Another interesting and graphic letter from Mr. Stanley, dated August the 5th, 12 days later than the first published despatch to the Emin Relief Com- mittee, too lengthy for prieting in our columns, has been received in London. Mr. Stanley tells of the meeting with Emin Pasha, and of the latter's un- wavering faith in his followers, the greater number of whom eventually deserted their brave leader, and remained behind in the country. Various con- spiracies were discovered, and finally the homeward march was begun, the combined expedition number- ing 1500. The wonderful country, with its deadly plain, where numbers were left behind through fever, and the great snowy mountain range is then described. EMIN'S BLINDNESS. Dr. Felkin, of Edinburgh, has received a letter from Emin Pasha, dated Usambiro, August 28. The greater part of the letter is of a private nature, but in it Emin Pasha practically confirms the news contained in Mr. Stanley's letters. He commissions Dr. Felkin to express his heartfelt thanks for all the sympathy and interest which have been taken in him and in his position, especially to the Scottish Geographical Society, and also to Professor Flower and various officials of the British Museum. For the latter he says he has numerous collections. At the time of writing he was nearly half blind, and says he was compelled to forego, in the meantime, writing any long description of his position and of events which had led to his leaving his province. He expected to arrive very shortly at Zanzibar, and be expresses his intention of then writing at greater length.
EPITOME OF NEWS, --
EPITOME OF NEWS, Altogether 55 bodies have now been recovered at tha Longtcn pit. The second daughter of the Duke of Edinburgh, the Princess Victoria Melita, is now 13 years old. A new organisation of Transcendentalists has rises in Boston, under the title of the Ibsen Club. The Grand V izier of Bokhara is dead. Originally he was a Persian slave, and was sold by the Turcomans to the Bokharan Ameer for 80 roubles. Some people despise their bodies," said ProfessoC Blackie the other night. "They are great fools. As well might a workman despise his tools." The Earl of Leicester has presented the R ;v J. T. l'o,vell, curate of Swaflham, to the combined livingsof Castleacre and Newton, Norfolk. Lieutenant Lestrange, East Surrey Regiment, only son of Captain Lestrange, resident magistrate, county Down. died on Thursday, at Allahabad, India, of typhoid fever. The death is announced of the Rev. J. G. Briscoe. rector of Outwei), V'v'isbech. The living is in the gift of the Bishop of Norwich, and is of the net yearly value of £600. A Socialist has sustained a heavj defeat in a Bir- mingham municipal bye-election. The result was as follows: Allen 'L.l'.), 15Go; Tanner (S.), 353; majority for Allen, 1213. Mr. Irving's son, who is now a student at Oxford, has undertaken to play the part of Baruhbai in the re- vival of Marlowe's "Jew of Malta by the Oxford University Dramatic Society next spring. John White, a Scotch farm servant, of May bole, had obtained another situation. He was removing his fur- niture to his new house when be fell off the cart. The poor fellow was killed on the spot. Literary gossip has it that it is probable that Pro- fessor Hay Lankester will return to Oxford as Linacre Professor, a memorial urging his claim to the chaic being in circulation and well signed, especially by biologists. Numerous methods of cheating the automatic weigh- ing machines have been devised, but it remains for Ne", Haven lads to think of attaching a string to the penny, with which, after obtaining their weight, to withdraw the coin. The Eiffel Tower is to be closed on and after Dec. 1st until the spring. This decision has been arrived at on account of the difficulty there would have been to approach the Tower, especially in bad weather, during the removal of the exhibition. Both in Midleton and Limerick on Saturday procla- mations were issued under the Crimes Act forbidding the holding of meetings on Sunday in celebration of the anniversary of the deaths of the men who were known as the Manchester marbyrs. A Berlin correspondent telegraphs that Prince Alfred of Edinburgh has slightly wounded an officer by shoot- ing him in the leg while out hunting recently near Coburg. The (r « /?•• announces that the Queen has appointed Major Sir Fleetwood J. Edwards, Royal Engineers, to be an extra equerry to her Majesty. Mr. F. A. Bopanquet. Q.C., of the Oxford Circuit, and Mr. F. H Colt, of tb," Equity Bar, have been elected Benchers of the inner Temple, in. succession to the late Sir George Kickards, and Sir John Maule, QC. Captain Benyon, of Neithrop House, Banbury, has been thrown from his horse while hunting with the "Warwickshire hounds at Farnborough. His cellar bone was broken. The latent information respecting Sir Joseph Pease, who while hunting with the Cleveland foxhounds was heavily thrown over the neck of his horse, shows that no bones are broken, although he is much bruised and shaken. Lady Clark on Saturday cut the first sod of the International Exhibition of Electrical Engineering and General Industries which is to be held in Edin- burgh next year in commemoration of the opening of the Forth Bridge. A Reuter's telegram from Sydney states that Rear- Admiral Lord Charles Scott has hoisted his flag on board the ironclad Orlando, the flagship of the Aus- tralian Squadron, on assuming the command of the station, in succession to Kear-Admiral Fairfax. Clarence Longman, who was charged with throwing his infant child into the Thames in 1888, was found guilty of manslaughter at the Central Criminal Court on Saturday, and sentenced to 20 penal servi- tude. Two poliee-olScers of the W division of the Metro- politan Police, having ascertained that an unmuzzled dog belonged to Mr. Langton, of Balham, went to that gentleman's house at half-past eleven o'clock at night to ascertain his Christian name, roused the inmates, remained half an hour, and, when expostulated with, said they could come at two o'clock in the morr.ing if they felt so inclined. The magistrate at Wandsworth, on Saturday, said such conduct on the part of the police was intolerable and wholly unnecessary. One of two young men who forced their way into a private party at Chti-ea, and said the servants had in- vited them, was charged at Westminster on Saturday with assaulting one of the guests. He was committed for 14 days' hard labour, and the magistrate refused the prisoner's entreaty that he would impose a fine. The trial of Mou?sa Bey, the Kurdish chief, who is accused of murder and pillaging, was commenced at Stamboul on Saturday. Our Constantinople corre- spondent says the conduct of the Government Prose- cutor towards the witnesses exceed murmurs in court, as betraying a desire to favour the accused. The London police on Saturday night made a raid on a club in Little A lie street, Whitecbapel, which, it is believed, was devoted to gambling pursuits. Upwards of 30 men were arrested. Advices received at the Emigrants' Information Office tend to show that, though the drought, from which parts of the South African Republic (Transvaal), especially Johannesberg, were suffering in October, has broken up, prices are likely to continue very high. The con- ditions of the country are constantly varying there has already been a large influx of immigrants, and workmen of all classes should, therefore, be careful to obtain the latest information as to the conditions of living and the state of the labour market before going out. As the steam-hip Silvia was proceeding up the Thames on Saturday she came into collision off Wapping with three barges, one of which was sunk. The cargo of the barges consisted of casks of beer and spirits, which floated on the water, and were only saved after considerable exertions. AVe are prumised an interesting law suit. The Scots- man says the nephew of Piono Nono intends to raise an action against Leo XIII. for the recovery of a large sum of money which his uncle had deposited in a bank in London, and which is at present in the possession of his Holiness. The religious riots between Mahomedans and Hindoos in certain districts of India have left considerable sore- ness and unrest. A Hindoo magistrate was recently assaulted by a Mahomedan mrlgisèrate at Rohtak, and each community purposes petitioning the Government to remove the magistrate of the rival religion. Baron Nathaniel de Kothschild has had a narrow escape of being killed. He was riding over a cranky wooden bridge on his estate of Schiilersdorf, in Silesia, when the planking gave way, and he and his horse rolled into a ditch 30ft. beneath the bridge. Although he re- ceived many painful bruises, tlie baron was not seriously injured. Out of the total extent of the British Isles, which may be taken at nearly 77,780,000 acres, we cultivate 61"7 per cent. But in England the percentage is much higher, being 76 5 per cent., while the proportions for the other parts of the country are 72 per cent. in Ireland, 5!1'5 per cent, in Wales, and only 24-7 per cent. in Scotland. Three men wearing masks attacked a Chinese wood- chopping crmp, near Portland, Oregon, and attempted to rob the Chinamen. A fight ensued, in which one of the robbers was cut so badly that he died soon after. One of the Chinamen was shot several times, and it is- thought he is fatally wounded. Another robber was also badly chopped with a hatchet. Advices received by the Exchange Telegraph Com- pany from their Bucharest correspondent give an account of a much to be regretted event which has occurred on Bulgarian territory. A Roumanian copyist at the Prefecture of Bechet, on the Danube, crossed the river with the intention of taking a steamer at Bahova. He entered a cafe, and, by accident, knocked off the table a jar containing matches. The agents of the Bulgarian police affected to look upon this as an insult, and marched him off to the police office, where he wxs so severely beaten that he died. The Roumanian President of the Council has called the attention of the 9 President of the Council has called the attention of the Bulgarian Government to the occurrence.
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__r SCOTCII SHERIFFS. The Queen has been pleased, on the recommenda- tion of the Secretary for Scotland, to make the follow- ing appointments Mr. John Cheyne, Advocate, Sheriff of Ross, Cromarty, and Sutherland, to be Sheriff of Renfrew and Bute, in the room of Sir Charles Pearson, appointed Sheriff of Perthshire; Mr. Alexander Low, Advocate, to be Sheriff of Ross, Cro- marty, and Sutherland, in succession of Sheriff Cheyne Mr. Alexander Blair, Advocate, Sheriff of Chancery, to be Sheriff of Stirling, Dumbarton, and Clackmannan, in the room of Sheriff Muirbead, deceased; and Mr. Dugald M'K'echnie, Advocate, to be Sheriff of Chancery.
- ROUND THE WORLD IN 77. DAYS.
ROUND THE WORLD IN 77. DAYS. An adventurous newspaper woman from Amerieli has attracted some attention in Amiens, where, says the Paris correspondent of a morning contemporary, she halted for a short time on her voyage round the world, which she expects to complete in 77 days. Her object in going to Amiens was to call on the veteran story-teller, Jules Verne, author of Round the World in 80 1 lays," who was of opinion that she would take two days more than she thought for her circumnavigation of the globe. The bold and enterprising Yankee lady has now gone off to catclx the boat for Colombo at Brindisi. She will return to, New York by San Francisco, and the objec' of hef long journey is to prove that an unprotected female, speaking only the English tongue, can traverse the world without help from anybody. The lady's nama is Ely."