The Carmarthen Journal and South Wales Weekly Advertiser

The Radical Revolt. MR. ASQUITH'S ULTIMATUM. At the Liverpool-street Station Hotel on Thursday i of last week, Mr Asquith presided at a complimentary dinner given by the officers of the Walthamstow, Romford, and North West Ham Divisions and the Home Counties Liberal Federation, to Mr S. Woods, Mr John H. Bethel, and the Hon. Lionel Holland. Amongst those present were Sir W. D. Pearson, M.P., Sir George Robertson, Mr Ellis J. Griffith, M.P., Mr t A. Osmond Williams, M.P., Mr J. A. Pease, M.P., i Mr T. Courtenay Warner, M.P., Mr Cecil Harms- worth, Mr G. Leveson-Gower, Mr W. Allard (Secre- tary of the Home; Counties Liberal Federation), the Rev George Hooper, and Mr A. H. Pollen. The Chairman, in proposing The Health of the King," said we had in her Majesty's successor a Con- stitutional Sovereign who was prepared to walk in the late Queen's footsteps. His Majesty had always shown himself in hearty sympathy with every moment for social reform, and for ameliorating the condition of the masses of the people (cheers). The Chairman, in giving the toast of Our Guests" said :Before I approach the pleasanter and more strictly relevant part of my task, I feel bound to make one or two observations. We are met to-night under circumstances unexampled in the history of our Party upon a new situation. I have had appeals made to me by friends for whose judgment I have much respect that in addressing you to-night I should ig- nore recent events and should confine myself to prophesying smooth things, and discoursing on the blessings of re-union. I should be very glad to do so (hear, hear), were it not that in my judgment to take such a course at the present moment would involve a grave dereliction of duty both to the Liberal Party and to the country (cheers). You wili, perhaps, allow me to preface what I have to say by one observation of a personal character especially addressed to my brother Liberals here and outside. If I speak to you to-night, as I am about to speak, both strongly and plainly, I venture to submit, without, I hope, undue egotism, that I have some little claim to be listened to (hear, hear). For the best part of ten years I have sat in what are called the inner councils of the Liberal Party. During that time I have served under four successive Leaders, with each of whom I have worked loyally and cordially (hear, hear), and I can honestly say that from first to last it has been my main and governing endeavour, amid all the embar- assments, personal and political, with which now for years past our l'arty has been afflicted-it has been my governing aim, so far as I could, to strive for har- mony where friction could by any possible means be avoided, for reconciliation' where differences could without any sacrifice of principle be bridged over, and, above and before all, for the reconstitution of a united and militant Liberal Party, which I have long believed and which I still believe, to be the supreme and capital need both of the country and of the Empire (cheers). During the last two years, since the outbreak of lliie war, there have been amongst us differences of opinion as to its origin, as to the causes which led to it—differ- ences which have been deep-seated, far-reaching and acute but, I confess, I had hoped that, in so far as they related mainly to the events of the past, we should now be content to leave them to be determined by that which is the only sovereign and ultimate tribunal-the judgment of history (hear, hear). During the last six months, at any rate, it has been my pri- mary object to preach union, to urge concentration, and, even at the risk of wearying my friends, if I may use a description which Clarendon gave to Lord Falkland, to "ingerminate the word peace." THE RECENT CHALLENGE. I had hoped that those efforts were bearing fruit, but it appears there are people who will not have it so, and within the last week, without so far as I know any provocation of any sort or kind, a challenge has been deliberately and even defiantly thrown down which in view of the circumstances in which it was made, it would be impossible for any body of self-res- pecting men to pass over in silence (hear, hear). I beg the forbearance, in what I am going to say, of all who may not think with me either upon the past or the future, and I assure you that I am speaking under a deep sense of responsibity and with the earnest de- sire to promote the best interests of our common Party. I do not know what were the objects of the promoters of that demonstration, but I do know that the effect has been to give the impression—an im- pression, I am certain, foreign to the intention of some at any rate, of the guests—that those members of our Party who have taken the view which I have taken of the war, are henceforth to regard themselves as definitely and authoratively branded as schismatics and heretics (shame). We were told on that occasion by those whose utterances command great weight in the country, that we must now at least see, at any rate, that we do place ourselves in antagonism with the predominant and authorised creed of the Liberal Party. Not only so; but to such a degree can silence and the desire for Party unity be miscon- strued, that it was even suggested that many of us, at any rate, had reached that stage of repentance which is the prelude to a state of grace (laughter). And some of us, so it was said, had got so far as even con veniently to forget the opinions which we had deliber- ately, frequently, and publicly expressed. I read that language with as much amazement as sorrow. I do not know what may be the supposed foundation in fat for these suggestions, but I do know that the fact that they should have been put forward from such a quarter, and in such company has been the cause of keen, and, as I think, legitimate resentment (hear, hear)—to a body of as honourable men and as staunch and enthusiastic Liberals as are to be found in the length and breadth of this country (cheers). I have no desire, Heaven knows, to rake up the controversies of the past. There is nothing in the world so uncon- genial to me as to enter into any kind of public dispu- tation with an old friend and colleague, by whose side I have often fought in the past, by whose side I often hope to fight in the future but the consequences of such a misconception are so grave, both to the Party and to the country, that I feel in duty bound to take this, the first opportunity that is offered, to dispel it entirely and once for all. Those for whom I am speak- ing, and I am speaking for a large number of my col- leagues in the House of Commons, and a still larger bocly of Liberal opinion outside—(cheers, and No, no ")—those who nave taken that view may be right or wrong. That is not what I am concerned to argue —time w:ll decide-but those for whom I am speak- mg have never sought to make the holding of that view a test of the political orthodoxy of our fellow Liberals, and that makes it all the more necessity for me to show in the plainest and most unequivocal terms that we have not changed our view, that we do not repent of it, and we shall not recant it (hear, hear). THE GOVERNMENT AND THE TRANSVAAL. I am sure you will not resent my plainness of speech. What have been the views that have been put forward by the section of the Party to whom I am referring 1 No one has denounced with more vigour and emphasis than they have that piece of piratical folly—the Jame- son Raid and the fatal neglect—a responsibility which in some degree, at any rate, must be shaved with the Government of the House of Coiiiiiions-ttie fatal neglect to probe it to its origin (loud cheers), to bring "he main offenders to justice and to pUnIshment, and, what is perhaps more important, to provide prompt reparation for the mischief that has been done (loud cheers). No one, again, has spoken in stronger terms of the inertness, in which, in the years that followed, the Transvaal was allowed to be con- verted into an armed camp (hear, hear), while the most elementary precautions, such as the mapping out of our own colonies, were not taken (cheers). We Travs not been sparing, further, in our criticism and our ceusure of that strange mixture of precipitation and lethargy which characterised some parts, at any rate, of the procedure of our Government in the months that preceded the war (cheers). We have believed, and have always expressed the belief, if I may quote for a moment, words of my own, uttered on the very day when the Boer Ultimatum was delivered, and since only too amply verified by the events, We believe that this war would bring to the people of Great Britain neither material advantage nor military I glory (cheers). Yes, gentlemen and so far I doubt I whether there is a Liberal in this room who would not agree with what I have been saying (cheers). Where we have parted company with our friends—those who agree and those who disagree with me will, ) I think, say that I am speaking truth—where we part company is that we still hold that the war was neither intended nor desired by the Government and people of Grear Britain, but that it was forced upon us with- out adequate reason (cheers and counter cheers). Gentlemen, I must ask you for a moment to listen to my view. I hold with my friends that the blood which has been spilt, the treasure which has been spent, has been expended-not in a criminal adven- ture, not for the purpose of replacing the ascendancy of one race by the ascendancy of another—but that after the confusion and the chaos of this conflict, which we did not seek, is over, there may arise out of it, on the scene at present of so much desolation and ruin, the fabric of a free, federated, self-governing South African dominion (clieers). THE LIBERAL IMPERIALISTS. These views, I say, may be right or wrong. Are we to be told that a man, or a body of men, who hold them are to be regarded as apostates to the Liberal faith, and not to be re-admit-ted to the fold, except on the terms of tacit renunciation, if not of open penance? I demur to the jurisdiction. I know of no authority in the Liberal Party, Pontificial or other (laughter), who has power to pronounce these sentences, whether of ex-communication or of absolution (cheers). Mean- while those for whom I am speaking remain what we always have been Liberals by conviction, Liberals to the core (cheers), eager after these distractions are over—and God grant that they may be soon (cheers) —to resume at home the struggle which our Party has always and unceasingly waged in the past against every form of political inequality and social injustice (cheers). I have said what I have in terms which, though plain, I hope are free from offence, for two reasons (hear, hear). One, a Party reason the other what I may call a reason of national policy. From a Party point of view I have thought it right to be as clear and definite as I can (hear, hear). Because, believe me-I speak for many who do not hold my views on this particular topic-you never will have real reunion or genuine co-operation in the Liberal Party except upon terms of mutual tolerance and reciprocal respect (cheers). It is far better, in my opinion that we should differ openly and frankly than that we should pretend that we are at one when we are not, or, still worse, that any section among us should exult in the supposed capture and humilia- tion of another section (hear. hear). From a national point of view, I have said what I have because I wish it to be clearly understood that, so far as words of mine can carry any weight, I wish it to be clearly understood that such declarations as those which I have quoted, that such Resolutions as were last night passed at a meeting in London, are not to be taken in any sense as an authoritative exposition of the Liberal Party (prolonged cheers). There are Mends of mine, for whom I have the highest respect—the genuineness of whose Liberalism I would not for a moment call in question—who think that this war is a great national crime on the part of Great Britain (cries of Yes," and Bravo," and cheers). There are some of them here to-night. They think that to this initial crime we have added day by day, month by month, year by year countless further crimes against the code of human- ity—(hear, hea,r)-and that the only solution, if we are to put ourselves right before our own consciences and before the world, is an unconditional surrender to I the Boers (cries of Shame," cheers, and counter- cheers). That may be so. All I say is this. In what- ever form the proposition is stated, it shall not go forth to the world, so long as I have a voice to be heard, that this is the opinion of the Liberal Party (loud cheers). I THE CONDUCT OF THE CAMPAIGN. Now, gentlemen, I have always agreed with those who say that whatever opinions we may have about the origin of the war, this ought not in the least degree to fetter the exercise of the faculty of our criticism and judgment of the methods with' which it is con- ducted. I entirely agree with those who say-and I have said in the House of Commons-that the policy resorted to for some weeks in the autumn of last year of farm burning was a grave military and political blunder. I would apply even a stronger name- (cheers)—but the matter was happily so soon put right —to the discrimination which appears at one time to have been made in the matter of the rations handed out to the women and children in proportion as their male kinsmen were or were not fighting with the Boers ("Shame"). In my judgment—and I have studied the evidence as carefully as I can—there is no ground for any general charge of inhumanity against either side (loud cheers). We huve heard from time to time terrible stories of supposed atrocities committed by Boer leaders and Boer officers. In nine cases out of ten, when these charges have come to be considered, they have proved to be either gross exaggerations or fictions. Although there may have been isolated cases of inhumanity, yet the verdict of history of the cam- paign of our gallant enemies will be that their human- ity was eqnal to their courage (cheers). But, gentle- men, I say just the same of our own generals, officers, and soldiers (cheers). I am almost ashamed to have to say such a thing but I am speaking trom long and intimate acquaintance when I say that there is no man throughout the length and breaath of the British Empire more penetrated with the spirit of humanity than Lord Milner (cheers and counter cheers). Only on Monday last 1 heard a member of the House of Commons refer, in the course of debate, to Lord Milner's callousness, and his cruelty to the women and children in these camps (" Shame," and a voice It is a fact "). Gentlemen, I make no comment. I believe, as I have said, that history will say that this campaign will compare favourably with any of the I great campaigns in the history of the world (clieers). THE REFUGEE CAMPS. Let me just refer to a question which is very properly agitating the public mind—the concentration camps for women and children. A debate was raised on this subject on Monday night in the House of Commons. For my part I considered it premature—(hear, hear)— because, necessarily ill-informed, we had no adequate materials on which to form a just and trustworthy opinion. It was for this reason, and, I may say, for the temper and spirit in which the debate was initia- ted, that I and my friends declined to vote for the motion. And here let me say that when a motion of this kind is brought forward by a private member en- tirely on his own responsibility—(a voice And long life to him ")-that every member is not perfectly free, without any imputation upon him, to vote or not to vote, according to his conscience and judgment, is one of the most preposterous figments that was ever in- vented by a journalist in search ot copy (hear, hear). We must keep a perfectly free hand with regard to criticism. With regard to the camps, first of all there is the question of the concentration policy itself, on which I shall not now express a final opinion, although in January and February last I am not satisfied that any other mode of dealing with the women and chil- dren might, not have involved them in still greater suffering. But there are the startling official figures of the mortality rate which must be inquired into (hear, hear). No one in this room, or out of this room, seriously believes that there is any difference in the degree of sympathy and passion which we feel, what- ever our views as to the origin of the war, for the un- merited sufferings of those unfortunate victims, and there is not one of us who would not strain every nerve, and would not urge upon the Government every I measure that humanity and common sense could sug- gest to alleviate those sufferings, and, as far as pos- sible, bring them to an end (hear, hear). But it would be melancholy indeed if a question of this kind were made, I will not say a party question as between the two parties in the State, but, what is even worse, a sectional question between the two branches of the Liberty Party (hear, hear). UNCONDITIONAL SURRENDER. I see a great deal is being said in denunciation of \\«hat is called the policy of unconditional surrender. I do not know who advocates that policy. I have never I met a Liberal who did, and, if we are to judge his Majesty's Government by their own solemn reiterated declarations, they are not in favour of such a policy themselves. But I have nothing to do with them. I do not stand here as their apologist; I am speaking as a Liberal to Liberals. But I suppose we all agree now now that it is impossible to restore the previous polit- ical situation of those two Republics (hear, hear, and No, no.") I speak on that point more or less in a white sheet, because I confess I was one of those who at the beginning of the war, strongly entertained the hope and belief that it would be possible not to be compelled to incorporate them as part and parcel of British Empire. I was a reluctant convert to the ne- cessity of annexation but I have not found among my friends in all sections of the Liberal Party one who does not now agree that annexation is inevitable, that the restoration of independence, in the old sense is impossible, and that you must start with annexa- tion in your final settlement (hear, hear). Again, there is another point on which we are equally agreed —that there must be an intermediate perioa before you can endow these newly-constituted States with the full machinery and apparatus of autonomous Govern- ment. The interval it is to be hoped will be short before they will be put on the footing of Canada and Australia (hear, hear). I do not say that is a de- sire easy of attainment, for the ravages and bitterness of this unhappy war will long survive the actual struggle but when we are asked what is our policy as regards the ultimate future, I believe the more we dis- cuss the matter with one another, the less our differ- ences will appear to be and the stronger our convic- tion that it is on these lines, and these lines only, that this terrible tangle can ultimately be unravelled (cheers). The right hon. gentleman then alluded to the subject of the toast, and congratulated the gentle- men upon the struggles they had made to uphold Liberal principles. The guests afterwards responded, and the other toasts were The House of Commons and Liberal- ism in Essex."

The Certifying of Lunatics. The following circular has been issued from the Home Office to clerks to county and borough justices, stipendiary magistrates, and the metropolitan police magistrates :— Whitehall, May 31, 1901. Sir,—I am directed by the Secretary of State to acquaint you that he has had before him cases which have occurred in certain Poor Law unions in which the relieving officers have received payments from the district medical officers and proprietors of licensed houses in connexion with the certifying of lunatics and their admission into these houses. Mr Ritchie feels sure that he may count upon your active assistance to discover and put an end to these reprehensible prac- tices, and with a view to preventing their repitition in the future he thinks it desirable to call the attention of magistrates to several points connected with the certifying of lunatics. (1) Section 16 of the Lunacy Act, 1890, which pre- scribes the steps to be taken when a pauper alleged to be a lunatic, or an alleged lunatic wandering at large, is brought before a justice, directs, amongst other things, that the justice shall call in a medical practi- tioner, and it is only when this practitioner has signed a medical certificate with regard to the lunatic that an order for his removal to an institution for lunatics can be made. In some cases the relieving officer has, it is found, often selected or influenced the selection of the medical practitioner who should examine the alleged lunatic but it appears to the Secretary of State that the section requires that on each occasion the justice should himself call in such medical practi- tioner as he may think fit, and that the relieving officer should in no way be concerned in the selection. (2) A justice should not sign the reception order until the medical practitioner has signed the medical certificate. It appears that justices sometimes do not wait until the certificate has been signed by the medi- cal practitioner, and the statement of particulars filled in and signed by the relieving officer. (3) Sometimes the name of the asylum to which the lunatic is to be conveyed is left blank in the reception order. The Law Officers of the Crown have advised that, unless the name of the asylum to which the luna- tic is to be removed is stated in the reception order when it is made, the order cannot legally be acted on and Mr Ritchie thinks it very important that the re- quirement of the Lunacy Act in this matter should be complied with. (4) I am to call your attention to section 27 (2) of the Lunacy Act, and to say that it is important that justices should very carefully ascertain that there is a deficiency of room or that there are some special cir- cumstances before they authorize a lunatic to be sent to some institution other than the county asylum. The cost in any such institution is, of course, much greater than in the county asylums, and in some in- stances the institution is situate at a considerable dis- tance from the place from which the lunatic is sent, and he may thus be entirely cut off from his friends. I am, Sir, Your obedient servant, KENELM E. DIGBY.

Pretty as a Picture I is the snowy-white linen on the table, the laces and frills on the damsel, or the spotless collar and cuffs on the man. And there's more in the iron- ing than in the washing- more in the starch than in the iron. If Colman's Starch is used, the starching part of the I business is all right. I COLMAN'S STARCH I Sold in Cardboard Boxes. ? See that Colman's name and the Bull's Head are on the box.

-A_- A special Army Order was issued on Saturday cancelling paragraphs 212 <>,nd 212a of the regu- lations issued with the Army Order 118 of 1901. and substituting the following :—Imperial Yeo- many and Volunteer units, &c., specially formed for the duration of the war or for one year. 212. A gratuity of thirty days' pay, ratior-i,, and mess- ing allowance, in tdditioli to the gratuity of 25, will be given under the following conditions to every soldier paid at the time of his discharge at ordinary Army rate,3, provided in every cise that the soldier is not granted sick or ordinary fur- lough prior to discharge :-(1) If he has at the time of discharge served over twelve months (2) if, having at the time of discharge sorved less than twelvjp. months, he is discharged medically unfit for fartner service (3) if, having on returo home served leas than twelve months, he is offered and elects to take his discharge at once.

Reunion of Lampeter Hen. INTERESTING FUNCTION AT CARDIFF. A reunion of old Lampeter College men was held at the Angel Hotel, Cardiff, on Tuesday afternoon, and proved to be a very successful gathering. The company numbered about a hundred, and the function, which took the form of a dinner, followed by a toast list, was promoted by a committee that was fortunate in having as its joint secretaries two no less popular parsons than the Revs J. R. Buckley, vicar of Llandaff, and A. A. Matthews, vicar of Blaenavon, and the erst- while Welsh International half-back. Principal Bebb Eresided, and supporting him were the Lord Bishop of ilandaff", Dean Davey, Archdeacon Edmondes, Canons Roberts and Johnson, Major-General Lee, Mr 0. H. Jones, Mr Arthur Lewis, Mr W. S. De Winton, Mr E. H. Culler, the Rev Professor R. Williams, the Revs J. L. Clougher, J. R. Buckley, D. Lewis, Joshua Evans, George Thomas, J. LI. Thomas (vicar of Aberpergwm), T. Theophilus, T. David. G. Roberts, A. A. Matthews, T. Rees, W. Davies, S. Jackson, W. Dovey, J. Bangor Davies, D. Phillips, G. G. Williams, J. Hooper, G. Griffiths, J. Evans, J. L. Croft, J. J. Lewis, G. Thomas, T. Richards, and T. E. Griffiths. A similar gathering of old Lampeter men in the diocese of St David's was held a short time ago at Swansea, and it is intended that the movement shall spread into the dioceses of St Asaph and Bangor. Principal Bebb, in proposing the toast of The King," expressed gratitude to those who had organ- ised the gathering, especially to the two secretaries. This was the first public gathering of Lampeter men since the accession of the King, and he (the speaker) was sure they all wished him to give voice to their sentiments of heartiest loyalty and of their re- miniscence of the charter which the late beloved Queen granted to St David's College. He felt confi- dent that the King, if the opportunity were given him, would recognise whatever good work the college might do in the future to the same extent as the late Queen did in the past (applause). Mr 0. H. Jones had the next roast to propose— that of The Bishop and Clergy of the Diocese." He said that he esteemed the honour of being a repre- sentative of the Llandaff Diocese on the council of Lampeter College. He would carry everyone with him when he said that they had been singularly happy in having Bishop Lewis to preside over them for the past seventeen years. When they considered the immense work the bishop had done in the diocese, his constant attention to the many duties he was called upon to perform, his unfailing courtesy to everybody, both clerical and lay, and the admirable way in which the organisation of that great and growing diocese had been carried out, they might truly say that they were thankful for his rule, and prayed God that that rule would be extended for many years (hear, hear). The clergy of the diocese were a body of men of whom they had every reason to feel proud, being men, with few exceptions, who were always striving and succeeding in doing their duty. It was a great feather in the cap of Lampeter College that it had supplied so many of the clergymen of the diocese. In acknowledging the toast the Bishop said that the lives and works of bishops were public property. At the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of this a class of men had come into prominence who took good care that a bishop's doings and ,misdoings should not escape the light. He was referring to the newspaper reporters. With the clergy it was other- wise. There were hundreds and thousands of that noble body of men whose indefatigable and noble work was but little known outside their own parishes. These men were the real foundation of the Church, and who kept the great machine in thorough working order. That great machine had been doing its work with remarkable success in the Diocese of Llandaf, and that was due to the subordinates of all classes. In their work they had the reasons why the church in the Diocese of Llandaff occupied such a worthy and conspicuous place among the dioceses of England. They should not forget the institutions where their clergymen received their training. Amongst them was St David's College, Lampeter. He looked back with grateful remembrance to the great and wise bishop who conceived the idea over 70 years ago of planting this college in the heart of Wales, and he always looked back with pleasure upon the brilliant roll of men who had been principals, vice-principals, and professors of that college. Lampeter at the present, moment was in a most flourishing condition, and it was .because there had been a succession of eminent men who had given their best to raise and elevate the condition of the college. He would refer to St Michael's College, Aberdare, as a younger sister of Lampeter, who supplemented the work of Lampeter in training the clergy. Wales was proud of having completed her secular education system, and he ventured to think that the clerical education ladder was also complete. He thought that both schools ought to turn out the perfect parson. They wanted to see these colleges better endowed, so that they could offer scholarships to young men who 'came from the intermediate school that would induce them to stay at Lampeter instead of going to Oxford or Cam- bridge (applause). Archdeacon Edmondes, in a speech that bristled with happy reminiscences and bright humour, proposed the toast of St David's College, Lampeter." His recollection went back to the year 1865, when he went by rail as far as Pencader and walked on to Lampeter (laughter). His speech had been forestalled by an article which appeared in the Western Mail on Mon- day, and they knew, of the Glamorgan clergy, at any rate, that they all read the Western Mail as religious- ly as they read their daily lessons (laughter)..From the time of Bishop Burgess the roll of names of those who had followed as principals and vice-principals had been most remarkable. The archdeacon then replied the names of some of the most celebrated of the Lampeter principals, and, in referring to Dean Llewellyn, said that he often wondered whether they had appreciated the sacrifice which he made in coming from the centre of learning and civi- lisation into what were then literally the wilds of Wales in order to be of service to the Welsh people. Although bishoprics had been held by past principals of Lampeter, the chair of Canterbury had not yet been occupied by any of them. The first distinctive elementary education they had in Wales was started by a bishop of the Church. Lampeter College had the advantage of being affiliated to Oxford and Cambridge, and in consequence of its secular side of teaching it had been allowed the privilege of granting the Bachelor of Arts degree, and this was a highly creditable degree to hold. Another important advan- tage was that it was a residentiary college. In response to the toast, which was heartily drunk, Principal Bebb made a long speech, in the course of which he gave facts and figures showing what work had oeen accomplished by the college, and what was being done at present. For better or for worse, said the learned principal, nearly two thousand men had passed through Lampeter College. About two hun- dred of these were working as vicars and curates in England,, and two out of every five clergymen in Wales came from Lampeter, while in Glamorgan alone they had something like 150 of their old students wearing the cloth. About 600, or nearly half the clergymen in Wales, had been turned out of Lampeter. At present they had 180 students in the college and school. He would lay stress on the fact that Lam- peter was a residentiary college, which was a great advantage. It was important that it should be widely known that Lampeter was not only a theological college, but gave a, substantial foundatian by the width of its curriculum on which to build the life of an educated man. Last year they had two second classes in history at Oxford, and a first class in his- tory at Cambridge. They had not got the equipment to teach science to the best advantage, but people had it in their power to give the college that equipment. The first principle that he would lay down was that isolation was stagnation, and the second principle that no institution could live without moving forward. The primary object of that gathering was that they should try to recollect for a little time that they were Lam- peter men, and that they owed a duty to the college (applause). The Rev Professor R. Williams also responded, and said that he was glad that Lampeter men had shown a very decided tendency to rally round the principal, and that the principal had had the wisdom, the good sense, and good policy to associate Lampeter men with himself in the responsibility of making the college even a greater success in the future than it had been in the past. The success of the collcge in future would depend on the nature of the training it gave (ap- plause). The Dean of Llandaff, in felicitous terms, proposed The Old Students," and said that out of 1,600 stud- ents on the book during his vice-principalship of the college 800 had been entered by himself. Therefore, he felt that he was in the midst of old friends. The Revs J. R. Buckley, J. L1. Thomas, and J. L. Clougher responded the last-mentioned stating th-it while conducting a service out -in Tasmania someone in the congregation had recognised him as an old Lam- peter man by the hood he wore. The Rev T. Theophilus submitted the toast of The Visitors," which was appropriately acknowledged by the Rev Canon Roberts and Major-general Lee.

Mr Brodrick, Secretary for War, on Saturday unveiled a memorial tablet erected in the north cloister of Westminster Abbey to members of the Queen's Westminster Volunteers who fell in South Africa. Mr Brodrick recalled the fact that this was the first tablet. erected to the memory of Vol- unteers, and on behalf of the Government, he ex- pressed their sense of the devotion shown and the noble example set by Volunteers, and also deep condolence with those left behind. Buglers sounded the HLt, Post." and the bap played Chopin's Funeral March" at the couolusion ol the ceremony.

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Holiday Rambles in Cornwall. _1_ [CONCLUSION]. I Time and space would fail me to relate all my t pilgrimages and sojourning in Cornwall, or to give a description of the places. I made Penzance my head- quarters during my visits to and inquiries in the Western Horn of Cornwall. In many respects Pen- zance is the most important town in the peninsula. 1 Camborne, maybe, contains more inhabitants, but Penzance is considered to be the metropolis of a dis- ( trict containing a population of 100,000. It cannot t boast of any antiquity. About three hundred years ago, in the year 1595, it was burnt by the Spaniards j when they landed at Mousehole. In the reign of c Charles II. it had a mint of its own. Its climate ( attracts many visitors both in winter and summer. Of < all the towns in Cornwall it alone publishes a daily 1 paper, The Evening Tidings, and the smallest daily cl paper I have ever seen, being about the size of two sheets folio. But what invests Penzance with the < greatest importance and interest, as I have just inti- ( mated, is the fact that it is the chief town of a very 1 extensive and populous district, which contains the most ancient mining works, probably, in the whole world. It comprises stean (stean being Cornish for tin), copper, lead, silver, iron, zinc, arsenic and other mines. It borrows most of its mineral fame, how- ever, from its tin. In the rocks of Bosorn and Boll- owall, near St. Just, or rather on the side of the hill which faces the sea at that place, there are ancient tin-mines which were worked in the time of the Phoenicians, previous to the Christian era. Wheel is the term used in Cornwall for a mine-work, and it is the word employed by the miners even now, as wheal gtean (tin mine), wheal cober (copper mine), and wheal glou (coal mine). The word would seem to be con- nected with the Welsh whUo, or chu-ilio—to search, or pick out. Between Porthleden (Porthllydan) and 1 Carn Du and Carn-y-vellan (Cam-]i-felxn), on the precipices which overhang the sea, are the renowned works of Botallock (Bo and taJog). They also remind us of Phoenician times. At this spot one meets with one of the most awful scenes in all Cornwall. On the J summit of the precipice the engine-house has been erected; down half-way on the bare, steep rock another house has been built, while at the foot, a few miles from the sea, there stands a third. This wheal is worked for about half-a-mile under the sea, and sometimes the miners hear the roar of the waves and the big stones tumbled about by the waters. On my way home I called at Redruth to see a family of friends. At Redruth, Carn Brea, and Camborne, thousands of people are engaged in the mines. At Camborne are situated the far-famed Dolcoath mines. This word means the old meadow." The depth of these mines is about the third part of a mile. In the vicinity of Carn Brea there is a hill of the same name, of the height of about 750 ft., on whose summit are the remains of an ancient castle and several Druidical stones. I felt a pan^ of regret that Morien was not at my side to explain the meaning of the huge cromlechs" which are scattered about the locality. At Redruth are traces of an old Plam an Guare, where the old Cornish mystery plays used to be acted, and in the immediate neighbourhood is Pwll Gwennap, where John Wesley preached to a congregation of thirty thousand Cornishmen, so, at any rate, say the gossips of history. i But I must not linger longer with these places. My 1 chief object in going there that day was to inquire into the dispute existing between the masters and the top, or surface-men, at the mines. I heard at several ] places in Cornwall the same tale that is heard every day in Cardiganshire, that the people are leaving the J rural districts, and flocking into the towns and other populous centres. They complain that wages are low m the country districts, and many fancy that by going to the works or to London to run a milk walk," they will soon make their pile. Poor deluded fools At Redruth the surface-men earned 2s 2d per day, or 13s per week, while the women got lOd per day, or 5s per week, out of which wages they had to maintain themselves. There were hundreds of women at work in the mines whose ages ranged from 18 to 25 years. These worked hard every day from seven o'clock in the morning until five o'clock in the evening for those wages. What had they to do 1" I seem to hear someone ask. Their work consisted chiefly in crushing large blocks of stone, raised to the surface. During the livelong day they used their large sledge hammers, I each weighing about seven pounds I And they only got a daily wage of lOd V Yes, that was all, friend and when I was there, there was a dispute between these and their employers. The latter contended that wages must be reduced, while the women, of course, opposed the reduction. But it was the masters that got the best of it. The men's wages were reduced to 2s a day, and the women's to 9d. Heaven have mercy on the women, say 1. Hard, indeed, is their lot, but some- how their case did not evoke my sympathy to the extent it might have. I asked several ladies who employed domestic servants was it difficult to obtain suitable girls, and the reply invariably was, Yes, it is most difficult." Why V I would ask. "I. is because the girls prefer going to the mines," was the answer given by Mrs M- the wife of an engineer from ttedruth. How very strange 1 would observe, but do you really mean to say that they prefer working like prisoners in gaol { for 4s 9d a week, or about £14 4s a year, taking for ( granted that there are no losses in the twelvemonth, and that on their own account, rather than going out ( to service in respectable families for more money with board and lodgings into the bargain 1 It was assumed that such were the facts, and I left the place surprised t and disgusted. In conclusion, I feel bound to express my admiration < of the Cornish people. They are a kind-hearted, friendly, religious, and diligent race, and come nearer the Welsh than any other people. During my pereg- rinations I met with several learned men, but not one who did not deeply regret the disappearance of the glorious old tongue of the country. What a pity that one cannot breathe into it the breadth of life again The Great Western Railway Company have made admirable arrangements for the holiday season in Cornwall, and when the opportunity comes I hope ere long to renew my acquaintance with the county of Tre, Pol, and Pen.

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Wreck off the Scilly Isles. The four-masted barque Falkland, of Liverpool, :rom Tacoma for Falmouth, with grain, was wrecked )n Saturday evening, on the Bishop Rock, and disap- aeared almost immediately Twenty-seven persons vere saved, but six were drowned, including the cap- ain and the mate. One of the survivors, Andrez Leb- iart, stated that the Falkland, which was laden with vheat, was 135 days out from Tacoma. They sighted :he Bishop Rock Lighthouse about 5.30 on Saturday evening, and after passing the lighthouse, tacked, but ;he tide prevented them from going about. The ship nissed stays, and drove right on to the rocks about 3.45 p.m. She struck amidships, and sank in about Rn minutes half a mile off the lighthouse. When the Falkland struck they launched a boat as quickly as msible, and two or three men got in, and took the captain's wife and child and the rest of those on board except the captain, mate, steward and three men. -)ne sailor and the cabin boy jumped into the sea but Mth were rescued, the lad after being in the water for ibout twenty minutes. They had no sail in the boat, md were unable to use all the oars on account of the crowded condition of the craft. Six oars were, how- ever, employed, and they just managed to keep the boat's head to the seas. They put up an oar with a -hirt tied to it, and thus attracted the attention of St. Agnes lifeboat. In about an hour the latter vessel took the captain's wife and child on board, and then some of the crew, towing the remainder in their boat to St. Mary's Beach, which was reached between half-past ten and eleven. The names of the saved [are :-The captain's wife, Mrs Gracie, and child F. Patey, second mate, of Leeds; A. Kennedy, third mate, of Holland Park, London Thomas Stephen, boatswain, of Dundee M. Green, carpenter, Lucerne, Switzerland A. Bolland, cook, Barbadoes Charles. Baker James Riley, West Horton, Lancashire B. Larsen, Norway W. Hock, Rotterdam A. Arallonso, Chili; L. Antonunchi, Val- paraiso K. Jonnesen, Norway F. Modsen, New York; J. M'Murtz, Carrickfergus, county Antrim J. Hadlow, Limerick and R. O'Neill, Belfast, able, >eamen; J. Isaacson, H. Pratt, and S. Jefferies Fallowfield, near Manchester, ordinary seaman Ap- prentice Harris Lucas, of Liverpool; Sailmaker George Bate Sydney Brown, L. Andreson, J. Andreson, and A. Dissey. The drowned are :—Captain Gracie, of Gloucester First Mate Bateson, of Leeds Steward Alex. Ander- son, of Glasgow George Citerall, W. Daniellson, and Voule Frenchie, able seamen. The body of Mr Bateson was recovered yesterday ifternoon. The captain's wife is very ill.

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It was intimated at the annual meeting of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Families' Association held it Westminster on Saturday that the King had lecided to become its patron. Earl Roberts, who presided, after making a touching reference :o the late Queen, referred to the satisfactory svork done by the association, and said he could testify that it was heartily appreciated by the Army. Mr Brodrick also added a tribute to the efforts of the association, and said the Govern- ment owed a debt of gratitude to those who so unselfishly supplemented necessaries in order that they might become comforts. The Government were also under an obligation to those employers who had so nobly stood by the men called to the front. In the Navy opinion appears to be strongly in favour of the Government purchase of a couple of the Welsh coal mines producing smokeless steam coal so as to ensure an abundant supply for the Navy under all circumstances. A highly-placed officer, in discussing the matter, says The Admiralty acknowledged the danger when they could not get Welsh coal on account of the strike and increased their store of coal in Portsmouth Dockyard, which naturally caught fire from spon- taneous combustion, as it did also before at St. Helena, a coaling station, and thousands of tons of coal were thrown into the sea. I submit the Navy and Army of this country cannot be reliable unless they are self-containing, independent of all men (contractors) for all things, otherwise we shall see the Army in time of war bidding against a starving people for food, as the soldiers and their horses must have corn, even women and children have to starve. Of course, the Welsh colliers will be on strike on account of the high price of bread, or more likely the coal pits closed, as no coal ship could put to sea for fear of capture and want of insurance. Where then, is oar boasted fleet to get Welsh coal.?"—Goal Merchant and Shipper.