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GREATER BRITAIN. :.}
GREATER BRITAIN. } ^BOLDIBJIS who complain of the length cf marches home should just think of what takes place in India. Some of the moves which will be made in (relief next cold weather are very long ones. Thus, tlw 10th and 55th Field Batteries at Rawalpindi and Jfchmedabad will change places; their march will be One of about 1000 miles, and they will be three and a talf months on the road. The 42nd and 59th Batteries at Secunderabad and Nowgong also change Jltations; they will take two and a half months to SJT 7??, T1?3-, The 60th battery moves from Mulun to Allahabad, about 800 miles, a three months' DlAreh. The 21st and 40th Batteries at Bangalore and Ahmednagar have a two months' march of 600 tales, as they have to change places. As regard the infantry, the King's Own Scottish iBorderers move from Rawalpindi to Kamptee. They pml be railed 920 miles to Saugor, and will then march the remaining 380 miles. The Buffa will go from Peshawar to Lucknow, but they will be railed toe whole distance. The Royal Munster Fusiliers, Bow at Dum Dum, have to make the longest journey M fill, as they are ordered to Quetta. They will taibnrk at Calcutta and proceed to Karachi, a 15 jo&ys' voyage, thence beiDg railed 600 miles toQuefta. afhe Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers will replace the flfucsterij at Dum Dum. They will march only to IBahartinpur, and then travel 1100 miles by rail. THE Indian mail brings intelligence of the death M Bishop Caprotti, Roman Catholic Bishop of Hyderabad, after 40 years of work in India and of Iii. Highness the Maharajah of Vizianagram, who JtfM Only 49 years of age. The Maharajah was for many years a member of the Madras Legislative Council, and on one occasion Had the privilege of being elected to the Supreme Council of the Viceroy. Iffe received his title of Maharajah as a personal dis- tinction in 1881, was created K.C.I.E. in 1887, and B.C.I.E. in 1892. I LOUD SANDHURST, Governor of Bombay, has accepted the position of Most Worshipful Grand Master of All Scottish Freemasonry in India. His lordship has for some time been pro-District Grand Master of Bombay, under the English constitution. TnE Dominion of Canada has just celebrated its 13th birthday. The British North America Act, which brought the Dominion into being, was intro- duced into the House of Lords by the Colonial Secretary, the Earl of Carnarvon, and after passing through both Houses received the Royal Assent on March 28, 1867. But it was not until July 1 of the Same year that this Act of Confederation came into roce by Royal Proclamation in British North America. As everyone knows, the Dominion at first consisted of only four provinces, viz., Ontario, -Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia. 1870 saw the addition of Manitoba and the North West Territories. The next year British Columbia became a Province of Canada. In 1873 Prince Edward's Islands agreed to become a part of the Dominion while in 1880 her Majesty issued an Order in Council annexing to the Dominion such (British possessions in North America (other than Newfoundland) as were not previously included in (he Dominion. Canadians in London commemorate the First" by means of an annual dinner. This year's dinner was attended by large numbers of idBiting Canadians, and had a great additional at- traction in the presence of the "silver-tongued" Premier, Hon. Wilfrid Laurier, P.C. In further toelebration of Canada's birthday, the High Commis- sioner, Sir D. A. Smith, held a large reception in fcbe Imperial Institute, at which there was a grand teunionof the sons and daughters of the Dominion. • THE height of the Gibraltar Rock is over 1400ft., and this stupendous precipice is pierced by miles of galleries in the solid rock, stone portholes for cannon being placed at frequent intervals. From the water- batteries to a distance of two-thirds up the rock, one Iter after another of cannon is presented to the taemy. A garrison of 5000 to 10,000 is maintained, lrith provisions and ammunition for a six months' liege. I TUQUGH the "gold days It of Queensland do not Bate back much more than 30 years, the colony is able to show that she has, by gold alone, added to the wealth of nations no less an amount than £ 39,195,100. This is the work of less than half a lifetime, and by a country whose development had, iaysthe Queenslander, at the beginning of that period beer-, scarcely initiated. Three decades is not so long a time as to place the rush to Gympie, which was practically the beginning of the gold era, out of the Jnemory 0f many thousands of colonists, and what has been attained, taken in conjunction with the Beyelopments which are almost daily being reported, Warrants their oft-expressed prediction that much Kteater things will be Been ere even they pake their departure. Queensland mines are still pouring out.their gold at the rate of about 640,000oz. year, having a value of something like 2t millions Klerling. These figures alone are startling, but they are even more significant when contrasted with those of other colonies, for then it is found that Queensland more than doubles the output of New South Wales, while Victoria, which tope the list, only does so by about 165,000oz. But as against Victoria, Queensland- scores in a -more telling par- fcicular; while the Victorian yields represent the Winnings of 27,889 miners, that of -Queensland is feot by 11 428. Given Victoria's mining population, it is as plain as the noonday sun that no colony in fell* group could reach Queensland in the matter of bold production- I NOR is this all. The Queenslanders win from t he toother earth much besides gold. For instance, up to the end of 1895, the colony turned out nearly £700,000 worth of silver, about E2,000,000 worth of BOpper, something approximating £ 4,500,000 worth bf tin, and other" minerals having a money value of Dyer £ 2,000,000. These figures not gigantic in them- selves, maybe, nevertheless show what might be ac- complished were the immense territory of Queens- land more intersected by railways giving the facili- ties for development Southern fields alraady possess. The want of these facilities has, operating with the fall in values of baser metals, virtually placed the colony beyond the range of competition, and its people find themselves confronted with the lamentable fact that enormous lodes of unique pureness, and less ex- tensive, perhaps, but equally rich tin and silver lodes are lying in a state of nature courting the productive bands of man. IN summarising his figures illustrative of the trade of Australasia for 1896, the New South Wales Government statist says that the only colon'es which tnade a perceptible advance during the year were New Zealand and Tasmania, where there were in- creases in the exports of domestic produce of 12*89 ■per cent, and 938 per cent, respectively. New South Wales was practically stationary, but Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, and West Australia showed a heavy fall in the average values of the domestic exports. Queensland sttllstood at the head as the greatest exporter of home produce. IN Now South Wales the experiment has been tried of mounting policemen on cycles. The In- spector-General of Police reports upon the experi- ment as follows In some respects bicycles nave been found extremely useful in enabling the police to cover a long route in the suburbB and country towns. for rapidity in the pursuit of offenders, and for non-commissioned officers inspecting beats. Cnder no, circumstances, however, can bicycles replace horses to any considerable extent in the per- forlmance of police duties in the country." vsf iifILuto leSalise the totalisator in New South u been introduced into the Legislative fL read a first time. Thebill providesfor ivr r»flrt»in>o71?r*y ^icenses for the use of the totaliser the totalisator mfy be w one-third of the profits £ ?«'• blll^1Pulate9.thafc asssr teld in th0 rate the Queens Record Rei^Z tL TJ?°l scribed m the room. t A MEMBER of the Legislative Assembly 0f New Snufh Wales, who has just returned from a tour in the far west of the Colony, gives an appalling story of the -effects of the drought. From Tilpa to Wilcannia the losses are enormous, dying and dead flocks mark- ing the river bank for miles. The ground has been cleaned, as if swept, of the leaves and bushes, and exhibited nothing but sand and dust. North of Narrabri and Moree the pfLatoralisti3 are suffering immensely. At Bourke unheard-of prices were being demanded and paid for grass. Stock-owners were travelling stock to Bourke from all quarters, but had little hope of reaching there, owing to the dried-up condition a-the country intervening. Even if rain came now the death-rate must increase, as the cold JBondit'1 kill stock in their present- weakened
PARISH COUNCILS. -
PARISH COUNCILS. (SEMSCT QUESTIONS ANSWERED IN* TUB Councilf Gazette.) Footpath Fencing.—About 60 yards of a much- frequented footpath through the fields rune on the top of a bank or cop 3ft. or 4ft. wide. One side is protected by a hedge, while the other is open to an almost perpendicular drop of about 7ft. On a dark night this is a dangerous place, as expe- rience has proved. In the interests of public safety the Parish Council are willing to fence, off this dangerous part of the path, but they would like to know if they can legally spend money in doing it. Answer: We (Councils' Gazette) are afraid that the Parish Council have no power to pay for the erection of a fence. If it could be shown that a fence was absolutely necessary for the use of the path at all, perhaps it might be possible to say that the fence was part of the path, and repair of the path included repair of the fence. But here (as we understand) the path has in fact been used for some time without a fence. Lighting Act.—A poll has been taken on the ques- tion of adopting the Lighting Act. It was defeated by four votes only— 31 voted for and 27 against. As the inhabitants of the larger part of the village are desirous of having the streets lighted, we are anxious to adopt it for a part of the parish. Our Returning Officer tells me that we can call a Parish Meet- ing at once, by giving 14 days' notice, for this purpose. (1) Will it be legal to proceed with it at once, because we, as a Council, are anxious to do 80 t (2) Would it also be legal for that portion of the inhabitants who were not included in the above part of the parish to vote at the Parish Meeting ? Answer: (1) If it can be shown that the proposed lighting area is substantially different from the entire area of the parish, so that very different considerations will arise on the question of adoption for the smaller area from those which applied to the question of adopting the Act for the whole parish, then we think a meeting for the proposed area can be sum- moned at once. The Act cannot be evaded by dropping out (say) one field from the area of a large parish but if the parish contains 10,000 acres, and the proposed lighting area only 1000, and the rate- payers in the lighting area would be a very different body from the ratepayers in the whole parish, then a second meeting can be called without waiting for the expiry of a year. (2) Only those persons will be entitled to vote who are registered as parochial electors in respect of qualifications in the lighting area. Whether they are inhabitants of any particular part of the parish is immaterial. In the notice summoning the meeting the proposed area must be distinctly specified, so that the parochial electors for that area may know what the proposal is, and may come to vote for or against it. Remember that the limit of the expenditure in eaoh subsequent year must be fixed once for all at the meeting which adopts the Act. Erection of Parish -Roora.-Kindly inform A if a Parish Council with the consent of the Parish Meet- ing can build a Parish Room, and borrow the money for the purpose.—Answer: The Parish Council are entitled to provide or acquire buildings for public offices and for meetings, and for any purposes con- nected with parish business, or with the powers or duties of the Parish Council or Parish Meeting; and to provide or acquire land for such buildings. If it is necessary to borrow, then the consent of the Parish Meeting, of the County Council, and of the Local Government Board will be required. With these consents, the Parish Council are authorised to borrow for the purposes above mentioned. Power of P. and C. to Attend to Ponds.-(I) There are (writes a correspondent) several roadside ponds in this parish, some of them dangerous to children; in fact, a child was drowned in one of them last summer, and at the inquest the coroner gave it as his opinion that the pond ought to be fenced. Can the Parish Council fence the ponds, or order them to be fenced, or can it do anything in the matter ? (2) There is another question which I should like to ask about ponds. There are a number in the parish, from most of which the people derive their water supply. The water in general is bad. In default of better water supply, the ponds might be greatly improved by cleaning. Can the Parish Council clean them, or do anything towards their being cleaned ? Answer: (1) We do not (replies the Councils' Gazette) think the Parish Council have power to fence the ponds, but where the ponds adjoin the highway the Highway Authority can fence the highway to protect persons travelling along the highway from danger. (2) If you can show that the ponds are supplied by springs, then we think power to clean the ponds is given by the sec- tion which enables the Parish Council to utilise any well, spring, or stream within their parish^ and provide facilities for obtaining water therefrom. The proper course, however, is undoubtedly to get the Rural district Council to perform their duty of see- ing that every dwelling-house within their district has within a reasonable distance an available supply of wholesome water, sufficient for the consumption and use for domestic purposes of the inmatss. Payment of Treasurer's Premium,—The Parish Council appointed one of themselves as treasurer oxx December 31,1894, and have annually elected him up to the present time. The treasurer has hitherto given security through a guarantee society at his own ex- pense, but now he refuses to pay for renewal cf pre- mium, or find private securities. He is willing to continue in office, if he has not to pay for the honour. The Council are willing to pay the annual premium from general account. Answer: The result may seem absurd, but we do not think the Parish Council have power to make the payment. Assessment of School Building.—In our parish we have what was at one time a Voluntary School, but at present is only used as a chapel and Sunday School. Could you inform me if it is exempt from Poor rate arid, if so, whether the Assessment Com- mittee are not bound to allow it to be struck off the Valuation Lists ? A supplemental list has been Rent them for the purpose, but returned as before. Answer: A building is not exempt as a school under the Act just passed, unles3 it is used exclusively or mainly for the purposes of a Voluntary School, and Voluntary School means a public elementary day school. The bsilding may, however, be exempted as a chapel if it is exclusively appropriated to public religious worship, but (if it is not a chapel of the Established Church) it must be certified for the performance of religious worship. The fact that it is also used as a Sunday School does not take away the exemption. Probably the Assess- ment Committee have kept the building in the Valuation List because it has not been duly certified. Assistant Overseer's Resignation.—Allotments.;— (1) What notice would an Assistant Overseer and Clerk to Parish Council have to give the Parish Council if he wishes to resign his offices? He was simply appointed as Assistant Overseer and Clerk to the Parish Council at so much per year. (2) If a Parish Council take land by agreement for allotment, and the Chairman signs the agreement, and it is stamped, and the Council wishes to have a copy, should the copy be also stamped ? If so, by whom ? (3) Is it necessary to stamp an agreement when an allotment is let at 10s. per year or less, to be paid quarterly ? Answer (1) No precise length of notice appears to be necessary, but you may as well give the Council as long a notice as you can. (2) If the Council merely want a copy, it need not be stamped; but a lease and the counter- part must both be stamped. (3) Yes.
THE IRON AND STEEL INSTITUTE.
THE IRON AND STEEL INSTITUTE. The autumn meeting of the Iron and Steel Insti- tute of Great Britain will this year be held &t Car- diff, commencing on August 3. influential and energetic local reception committee have prepared an exceptionally interesting programme, and a num- ber of good papers are down for reading and discus- sion. The list comprises no fewer than 10, six of which treat of the metallurgy and chemistry of iron and steel, whilst the remaining four relate respec- tively to tin-plate manufacture; shipping appliances in the Bristol Channel; mechanical appliances at the Penarth Doeks and the shipment of coal. On the morn ing of August 3 there will be a. reception of the members of the institute by the Mayor of Cardiff (Alderman E. Bevan) and by Sir William T. Lewis, chairman, and the members of the local reception committee in the lecture theatre of the South Wales Institution of Engineers, after which there will be the usual reading and discussion of papers. At noon the members will be entertained at luncheon by the Monmouthshire and South Walea Coal Owners' Association, and the afternoon will be devoted to visits to the Bute Docks, the Cardiff Dowlais new steel works, and other works at the docks. In the eveniug there will be a conversazione and reception by the Mayor and the Mayoress. The morning of August, 4 will be devoted to the reading- and discussion of papers, after which the presi dent of the Cardiff Chamber of Commerce, Lord Windsor, will entertain the members at luncheon in Park-hall. In the afternoon the members will visit and inspect the Penarth Docks by invitation of the Taff Vale Railway Company, by whom also they will be entertained at dinner at Park-hall in the even- ing. Later on the members and their friends will attend a ball in the Exhibition-buildings, park- place, upon the invitation of the Marquis and Mar- chioness of Bute. Thursday, August 4, will be devoted wholly to two excursions, one of which will be to the Dowlais Steel Works, and another to the Cytarthfa Works of Messrs. Crawshay Brothers, at Merthyr. The members of both excur- sions will meet at the Drill-hall, Merthyr, where they will be entertained at luncheon by the Dowiais Iron Company and Messrs. Crawshay Brothers. In the evening there will be a Welsh concert in the Park Hall, given by the local reception committee. On the Friday there will be a general excursion to Newport by rail and thence by steamer to Barry Dock, which will be inspected, the members being also entertained at luncheon by the Barry Dock and Railway Com- pany. Invitations have been received to visit the Ebbw Vale Iron Works, North's Navigation, and other collieries, as well as from works in the Briton Ferry district. Time will not permit of these invita- tations being formally accepted, but the works may be visited by arrangement, to be made through the secretary.
ATTEMPT TO RAISE THE ELBE.
ATTEMPT TO RAISE THE ELBE. An attempt is to be made to raise the North German Lloyd steamer Elbe, which sank off Lowe- stoft in January, 1895. The work will be-undertatken by the American Wreckage and Salvage Company of Milwaukee. Seven of the most noted divers in the world have pronounced the raising of this steamer or the recovery of its cargo to be a task impossible of accomplishment. Notwithstanding this expert testi- mony against the undertaking, the salvage company feels justified in expending a large amount of money in the attempt, »nd is confident that, by the aid of a new diving bell, it will be successful.
[No title]
"MY lot is a bard one!" be muttered, And his face wore a look of despair, Too true were the words that he uttered As he stood with his spade in the air. He had thought to make garden right there, And his pulses with pleasure had fluttered; But he struck solid rock, and I swear My lot is a hard one!" he muttered.
1,_"MARKET .NEWS. , , 1 ...":.,(
1, MARKET .NEWS. 1 ,( MARK-LAKB.—Bu«ne?s has not been active, but the tone remained steady. The Sales of home-grown wheat in. the leading markets of England and Wales. during the 44. weeks of the season have been 2,293j283qtr., against 1,391,524qrs. last season, the-average being 28s 8d against 25s Id per qr. barley, 3,195,376qrs., against. 3,353,481qrs., at an average of 24s Id against 2.38 Od per qr.; and oats, 525,542qre., against 630,635qrs., the average being 16s 7d, against 141 Od per qr. English wheat has pold slowly at late rates. In foreign wheat business was quiet, on former terms. The flour market was inactive, at last week's quotations. Barley was steady, and 3d dearer. As regards oats, there was a fair demand, at 3d more money. For maize there was a steady trade, on former terms. Beans and peas were quiet, and about the same in value. LoNDON METROPOLITAN CATTLE.—The supply was larger than usual, and included a more liberal pro- portion of Herefords, runts, and shorthorns. The two former met a steady trade at late prices, but short- horns were dull, and 2d per 81b lower. Fat cows sold slowly, and fat bulls, as wen as rough cattle, were neged., The best Herefords made 4s lOd to 5s; runts 4s 8d to 4s 10d; Scotch, 4s lOd Norfolks, 4s4dto 4s 6d; shorthorns, 4s 4d to 4s 8d Irish 4s 4d; and fat cows, 3s JOd to 4s per 81b. A larger supply of sheep and lambs was on offer. Wether sheep sold slowly but were firm in value. Young ewes made rather mere money, but old were difficult to sell at lew prices. The best 75 to 8-istone, Downs made 5a lOd; 10-stone, 5s fid 10- stone hatf-breds, 5g 4d to 5s 6d • 12-stone LincoInf.Se; and 10-stone Down ewes, 4a 2d to 4s 4d per 81b. Lambs were a steady trade, and were 4d dearer. Calves sold slowly, at late currencies. Pigs were very dull, top prices 4s per 81b. English milch cows realised £ 15 to £ 21 per head. The following were the quotations: Coarse and inferior beasts, 2s 4d to 3s 4d second quality ditto, 3s 6d to 4s 4d; prime large oxen, 4s 6d to 4s 8d; ditto Scotch, &c., 48 lOd to 5s; coarse and inferior sheep, 3s 8d to 4s 4d; second quality ditto, 4s 6d to 5s 2d; prime coarse-woolled ditto, 5s 4d to 5s 6d; prime South- down ditto, 5s 8d to 5s lOd; lambs, 5s 4d to 7s large coarse calves, 3s 2d to 4s 2d prime small ditto, 4s 4d to 4s lOd; large hogs, 2s 6d to 3s 6d and neat small porkers, 3s 8d to 4s per 81b. to sink the offal. SMITIJFIKLD MNAT.-The supply was moderate. A fair demand prevailed for top quality, but otherwise the trade was very dull. Quotations: Beef carcases, 3s 4d to 3s 8d hind quarters, 4s 2d to 4s 8d roast- ings, 5s 4d to 58 8d; sheep, ewes, 3s Od to 3s 4d wethers, 4s 8d to 5s; hind quarters ewe, 4s 6d to 4s lOd bind quarters wether, 5s 8d to 6s; veal, 3s to 4s; and pork, 3s to 4s per 81b. GAMB &NJD POULTRY.-Fat quails, Is to Is 4d; leverets, 3s to 3s 9d; conies, 9d to Is; large tame rabbits, Is 4d to Is 6d spring chickens, Is 9d to 2s Aylesbury ducklings, 3sto 3s 3d large Surrey fowls, 8s 9d to 4s 6d Sussex ditto, 3s to 3s 3d Boston ditto, 2s 6d to 2s 9d; Essex ditto, 2s to 3s Irish ditto, Is 9d to 2s 4d; Welsh ditto, Is 6d to Is 8d Irish ditto, Is 9d to 2s 2d Russian ditto, Is 2d to Is 6d large ducks, 2s 6d to 3s; goslings, 4s to 4s 9d; and small ducks, Is 9d to 2s 3d each. ENGLISH WOOL. The purchases of wool for America have had the effect of causing a slightly better tone in the market, and holders of wool are asking slightly higher rates. The improvement, if any, is almost confined to these purchases, for the home trade keeps as dull as ever, and spinners have no inducement to alter their late attitude with regard to the market. As the market is thus rather firmer, they, in self-defence, are bound to ask higher rates for yarn but this at once checks business, as their customers are by no means willing to yield in the present condition of business. At York trade is as dull as of late, theaverage price of hoggs and ewes being about 10s. per stone. At Huntingdon Wool Fair a very large quantity of wool was offered, the average price being about 20s per tod. Lincoln boggs are quoted about lOd per lb. and wethers 9fd; Shropshires about lOd to IQid Kent, 8|d. Stocks on the market are by no means heavy, and the low prices ruling are no inducement for growers tohurrv forward suppliesif thfjy feel no pressure to sell. Colonial wools are quiet and steady. Downs, 9Ad to lOd; half-breds, 8d to 8 £ d. WIIITKCHAPEL HA, AND STRAW.—Superior picked hay, 85a to 90s good clean faay, 78a to 82m interior, 60s to 70s; best clover, 92s to 95s good sound clover, 858 to 90s; inferior, 60s to 75s straw, 30s to 40s. COVENT GARDEN FRUIT AND VEGETABLES.—The supplies of both fruit and vegetable produce that come to hand continue of good extent, whilst trade moves fairly actively. Greenstuffs: Cabbages, 3a to 5s; beetroots, 2s to 38 6d per tally; asparagus, Is to 2s 9d per bundle parsley, Is to Is 6d, greens, Is 3d to 2s per dozen bunches; mushrooms, 6d to 8d per lb.; peas, Is 9d to 2s 9d per bushel; horseradish, 109 to 16s per dozen bundles; spring onions, Is 3d to 2s 6d per dozen bunches; old potatoes, 40s to 85s per ton; new, 6s to 10s per cwt. Fruit: English grapes, Is 6d to 3s; Jersey, Is 3d to Is 9d Belgian, 8d. to lOd per lb.; strawberries, Is 9d to 3s 6d per peck cherries, 4s to 6s; apricots, 3s 6d to 4s 6d; goose- berries, 2s to 2s 9d per half-sieve; Tasmanian apples, 6s to 12s per case; English peaches, 2s to 8s per dozen; French, Is to Is 9d per box bananas, be to 10s per bunch pineapples, Is 9d to 4s 6d each orange", 7s to 13s; lemons, 6s Od to 12s per case; English tomatoes, 4d to 6d per lb.; Canary, 1 s 9d to 2s od per box lettuces, 4d to 8d endive, lOd to Is artichokes, Is '9d to 2s 6d cucumbers, Is 9d to 4s per dozen. BILLINGSGATS FisH.-Fair demand for a good supply. Prices: Prawns, 6s; Scotch salmon, Is 4d to Is 5d Irish, Is 4d; Norwegian, Is; Canadian frozen, 9d; grilse, lid to Is Id salmon trout, Is 6d; soles, Is 3d to Is 8d; slips, Is 2d to Is 4d red mullets, 2s; John Dorys, 6d per lb.; turbot, 5s to 9s brill, 7s; plaice, 5s lemon soles, 6s halibut, 4s to 6a per stone; live cod, 10s to 12s dead cod, 6s to 8s; mackerel, 14s to 16s; hake, 12s; gurnet, 9s; catfish, 6s; whitings, 4s to 5s; bloaters, 2s 6d; kippers, 2s to 2s6d fresh herrings, 6s red herrings, 3s 6d roker, 8s per box; English smelts, 12s French oysters, 6s per 100; conger eels, 20s English salted herrings, 20s per barrel; fresh haddocks, 8s to 9s; ditto, 14s to 16s per turn; live eels, 20s; dead eels, 15s per draft; lobsters, 15s to 40s; crawfish, 30s per score crabs, 16s per hamper; crayfish, Is 6d; London-cured haddocks, 3s to 7s per dozen; shrimps, 6s to 9s; whelks, 7s; winkles, 9s per bushel; mussels, 7s per bdg; whitebait, Is per quart. BOROUGH AND SPITALVIELDB POTATO.—Fair supply; steady demand, at the annexed quotations Old Mag- num bonums, 30s to 35s; main crops, 70s to 80s per ton. New: Essex kidneys, 10s to 10s 6d; Jersey ditto, 9s to 10s; ditto flukes, 9s 6d to 10s 6d; Cher- bourg kidneys, 7s to 8s; ditto rounds, 6s 6d to 7s; Lisbon ditto, 6s to 7s per cwt. SEED TRADE.—Consumptive sowing wants, as usual, just now are few and small, whilst no speculation has sprung up. Trifolium promises to be cheap and abundant. Some fine Californian white mustard is offering on tempting terms. The prospects for new English rapeseed are said to be bad. Peas and hari- cots unchanged. Linseed steady. READING CATTLI.-Beef made a fair show, and the business transacted was at the following quotations: Choice qualities, 4s 4d to 4s 8d, secondary sorts, 4s to 4s 2d per stone. The inquiry for mutton proved much about the same as last week. Prime sorts fetched 5s 6d to 5s lOd lesser qualities, 5s to 5s 2d per stone. Veal sold at 4s 4d to 5s per atone.. Q ,74- CORK BUTTER.—Primest, 75s per cwt.; prim firsts, 75s; seconds, 74s; thirds, 73s fourths, 63s. Mild cured: choice, 75s; superfine, /8s; line, us, mild, 72s; choicest boxes, 78s. GRIMSBY FISH. — Supply and demand good. Brills, 8d to 9d per lb.; cod, live and dead, Is to 4a each; salt, 8s pe^t.; codlings 9s 0 12s per box: gurnets, 4s to 6s per box hall £ u^, |' !L0j o' (M to 4s 6d per stone haddocks, dOs to 38s per kit; round, 8s to 14s per box; live, 10s to 12s per abore finnans, 3s to 3s 3d per stone; hake, 2s to 6B each; latchets 5s to 7s 6d per box; lmg live, 2s to 4s • dead Is to 3s each lobsters, Is 4d per lb.; mackerel,' 5s per score; American oysters, 4s 6d per 100 • plaice, 3s to 5s per stone; roker, 6s to 14s per score: soles, Is 6d to Is 9d per lb.; lemon, 6s to 7s per stone; salmon, lOd to Is Id; grilse, 9d to lOd per lb. • skate, live, 2s 3d to 4B 6d dead, Is 6d to 3s 6d each • turbots, 8d to lOd per lb.; whitings, live, 5s per score; dead, 3s to 4s per stone; whelks, 3s p wash; ice, Is 6d per cwt.
[No title]
MR. FORTKSCUE-FLAHNERY, M.P., of the Institute of Jttarine Engineers, and one of the British Commis- sioners for the Exhibition at Brussels, has, at the request of his colleagues, undertaken the further duty of representing this country on the International Jury for Mercantile Shipping. The International Jury is expected to assemble at Brussels at the end of the present month.
Advertising
[GAMAGE. for Cycles, Cycle Accessaries, &c. B LEADING THE WAY AS USUAL. CHEAPEST AND BEST HOUSE. § Write or call for comprehensive Catalogue for the Season, Post Free to any Address. THE GAMAGE" CYCLES STAND THE RACKET. — The 'Carriage'112 19-.6J. The Special Gamage 13 Gas. \I I The 'Gamspede' IO Qns. The 'Carriage'112 19-.6J. The Special Oamags 13 Gas. High Grade, Smart, Up-tO'date! 12 Months' Warranty. Rough Roads will not Wreck them. I The" Lucissime "Lamp, I |y 10/6 Post Free. Burns Paraffin Odourless and Non- explosivt. Richly Nickel- tlated. I The 'Gamspede' Lady's t1 Gas I The 'Carnage' 13 Gns. The Special Gamagc' f&Gns. ¡ Tried and True I 12 Months' Warranty. Honest Workmanship in every part. I I Tbe'Gamage'Watch Holder I I I 1. 'a il 1, .0-A Am I Very neat, Class face, Perfectly dust. proof, Spring clip pre- vents vibration, Locke on the Bar. Price 3/6; with Watch complete 123/9 POST FREE, Lady's and Gent's size. Gamage's Famous Bells. I (AS ILLUSTRATION.) 1/4, 2/3, 2/9, 8/3, 3/6, 3/9. Postage, 3d. Loud and clear toned. Marvellous value. THE 'SYKL'I FOOT PUMP. VERY POWERFUL Can be carried in the Pocket. No Stooping. Pumping up a Pleasure. No Battling on the Machine. 2/jp^ THE ONLY BRAKE HOLDER. HOLDER. 3/- Pottage 3d. Holds Brake to any tension. Looks Machine to prevent Theft. Attachable to any Cycle. Doctors do not differ In their opinions of Gamage's 11 OSOEZI I SADDLE, And why? Because it is at once hygienic, anatomically cor- oil- rect, and pressure upon the perineum is avoided. No saddle soreness even after the hardest and most continaons riding. POST FREE. 21/- POST FREE. Suitable for Ladies or Gentlemen. Easily adaptable to any Machine. Easily adaptable to any JlacAiu. |^W^AMAGE^olbo £ WT^E^C^ I 61 -1- r8
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
WILLS AND BEQUESTS. Estate duty has been paid on P.121,090 14s. 4d. as the value of the personal estate of Mr. James O'Connor, of Cashel, County Tipperary, and of Mount Cashel, Nightingale-lane, Clapham, bookmaker, who died on April 14 last, aged 63 years, and of whose will, which bears date November 19, 1896, the executors are his widow, Mrs. Catherine O'Connor, his nephew James Ryan O'Connor, of Woodville, Putney, commission agent, and Robert Shield, of The Firs, Leigham-avenue, Streatbam, commission agent, to each of whom for the executorship the testator bequeathed £ 50 j to Thomas Connor, letter-carrier, of Cashel, and to Mrs. Carew, of Cashel, £ 203 each to the testator's nephew, John Ryan, £ 5000; and in trust for his niece Mar- garet (Maggie) Meagher and her issue, £ 3000. Mr. O'Connor left his freehold property, Mount Cashel, and the furniture and effects there, to his said nephew James Ryan O'Connor, but subject to the use and enjoyment of the property by Mrs. O'Connor for two years. He bequeathed to her during her widow- hood an annuity of £1000, to be reduced in the event of her iemarringe to £100 a year for the remainder of her life, and he left the residue of his property in trust as to one moiety for his said nephew, James Ryan O'Connor, absolutely, and as. to the other moiety for his brother, Thomas O'Connor, during his life, and subject to his life interest for his children, or, on failure of this trust, for James Ryan O'Connor! Leaving personal estate of the gross value of E59,848 and of the net value of F-49,935 7s. 3d., Mr. George James Findlay, of the firms of George Findlav and Co., Capetown, and Findlay, Durham, and Brodie, of 43, Threadneedle-street, London, merchant, who died on April 26 last, nged 66 years, at The Hall, Bushey, appointed as executors of his will, which bears date February 6, 1883, with a codicil of October 11, 1887, his partners, John H. Durham and John H. Brod.l', to the former of whom the testator bequeathed EIOOO; to his daughters Sophie Louise Durham and Isabella Durham IC2000 each, to Mr. Brodie Y-500, to the testator's sisters, Jane Tull and Isabella Bruce, R2000 each, to his son, George Henry Findlay, and his daughter, Dora Fanny Findlay, £ 2000 each, to his son, Frederick John Findlay, £1[;00. to his clerksof seven years' ser- vice with his firm EIOO each, to those of five years' service £ 50 each, to the others £ 25 each. to Elizabeth Nitch, wife of the manager of the King Willianutown Bank in the Cape Colony, £ 500, to his brother-in- law, Stephen Tull, testator's interest in the firm of George Findlay and Co., and to his brother, John Sinclair Findlay, his property at Wyneberg and £ .ri00 for distribution among deserving charitable institu- tions in the Cape Colony. Mr. Findlay left his Kalk Bay property in trust for his sister Emily and her children, and he left his property in V mcoll rer filld British Columbia in trust. for sale. He bequeathed his shares in Diamond Fields Companies in trust for sale, and the proceeds are to be held in trust, for the children of his sister, Emily Tull, his sister, Isabella Bruce, and his brother, John Sinclair Fmdlay. Mr. Findlay bequeathed to his wife, Mrs. Margaret, Est her Findlay, £ 200 and £ 8000, and Cape 4 per Cent. In- scribed Stock for £4000, his furniture and household effects, and the residue of his property. By his will, which bears date May 25, 1894, made at Johannesburg, Mr. Solomon von Prnagh, of 38, Sutherland-avenue, and formerly of Johenneshnrg, who died on March 23 last, appointed as executors his brother, Benjamin van Praagb, of Commercial-street. Whitechapel, and his brother, Maurice van P/aagh, of 17, Hatton-garden, and as regards his property in Johannesburg the Bev. H. Isaacs, to each of whom he bequeathed £ 100, to his stepmother, Bella van Praagh, £1000; to his sister, Elizabeth Brown, of Newcastle, £ 750; to his sister, Ja'etta Brown, £ n<J0 to his seven brothers, £ 500eacn; to his brother Aaron's and his sister Elizabeth's children, £50 each; to hia brother Benjamin his Kuddish Cup and Spire, which he is on no account to part with; t) Mr. tii(I iltfe. Isaacs, of Johannesburg, £ 100; aud to Mr. ruins Altson, of Johannesburg, £100. The testator's brother Benjamin is to say Eaddish for bin. for a year, and be bequeaths to the East London gogue 19gs.; to the Johannesburg and Kimberlev Synagogues, £ 50 each to the Jewish Board of Guardians, the Orphan Asylum, Norwood, the Soup Kitchen, the Penny Dinner Society, and the Free Meals for Sabbaths and Holidays, 19gs. each and to the Soup Kitchen further 15gs. for an extra mght ip commemoration of his death. There are some other bequests, and the late Mr. Solomon van Praagh left personal estate of the value of £ 7544 9s. 7d. Personal estate of the value of £6d,295 8s. 8d. has been left by Colonel Charles William Paulet, of Staple-hill, Wellesbourne, Warwick, who died on the 8th of April last, aged 65 years, the son of the late Rev. Lord Charles Paulet. Colonel Paulet's will bears date September 25, 1890, with codicils of the 24th of February, 1897, and 3rd of April, 1897, and the executors are his widow, Mrs. Mary Paulet, Major Bevil Granville, of North Church, Great Berkhamsted, and Ernest Hightly Little, of New- bold Pacey Hall, Warwick, to the two last-named of whom the, testator bequeathed £ 200 and to Mrs. Paulet £ 500, his furniture and household effects and the use during her widowhood of the family diamonds, which after her death or remarriage are to be offered for sale to his sons successively. Colone Paulet appointed the trust funds of the settlemen made on lns marriage with bis first wife, Susan Amelia Georgina, daughter of th« la e Standish Standish, of Duxbury-park, Lancaeaire to the two sons of his marriage, Charles Standish Paulet and Cecil Henry Paulet and their issue, or on failure of this trust to Mrs. Paulet and the children of the second marriage, and on failure of this trust to his half-sister, Eleanor Mary Button. The testator appointed the trust funds of his second marriage, subject to Mrs. Paulet's interest therein, to the children of the second marriage, or on failure of this trust to the children of his first mar- riage, and on failure of this trust to his half-sister, Eleanor Mary Hutton. He bequeathed to his sons, Charles Standish and Cecil Henry, the mortgage charge which had been assigned to him of Ei" on the Standish Estate, and he left the residue of his property in trust for Mrs. Paulet, and subject to her interest in equal shares for the children of both marriages. By her will, which bears date September 22, 1875, Mary Charlotte Lady Foley, of 7, Audley-squarat and of Ruxley Lodge, Claygate, who died on the 8th of April last, aged 75 years, eldest daughter of the 13th Duke of Norfolk, and widow of the fourth Baron Foley, appointed as executors her sons, Henry Thomas, fifth Baron Foley, and Major Fitzalan Charles John Foley, both of Ruxley Lodge, or failing them, the testatrix appointed as executor her brother, Edward George Lord Howard of Glossop. Lady Foley, whose personal estate has been valued at £ 30,148 la. 4d., left all her property, estate and effects, to be divided equally between her said two sons, share and share alike, as tenants in common, or on failure of the trust in favour of her sons and their issue the estate is to be in trust for her sister, Lady Adeliza Matilda Mannere. The will of Mr. Witliam George Lemon, of No. 2, The Retreat, Biackheath, and No. 2, New-square, Lincoln's-inn, barrister-at-law, a member of the first and second London County Councils, and formerly a member of the Strand District Board of Works, who died on May 26 last, aged 66 years, son of the late Mr. James Lemon, of Piccadilly, and Christ- church Hants, has been proved by his widow, Mrs. tselina Lemon (daughter of Mr. John Kent, of Abingdon, Berks), and his sons, William Kent Lemon, of Yanbrugh-terrace, Black beath, actuary, and Frank Edward Lemon, of Hill-crest, Redhill) barrister-at-law. The late Mr. Lemon's personal estate has been valued at E12,560 3s. 2d.
EGGS AS CURRENCY.
EGGS AS CURRENCY. In the province of Jania, Peru,hens eggs are larly circulated as currency, about 50 being reckoned to the dollar. The Indians use this brittle money for all their purchases in the markets and shops, buy- ing brandy, cigars, and indigo with eggs, and when contributions are invited to church funds they re- spond liberally with these rather novel specimens of currency. The eggs are afterwards packed in boxea and sent to Lima.
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MCLOBBEETY (hearing a suspicious noise in the kitchen): Moikey, phwot are yez doin' out dhere T Little Mike: Nawthin', sor." McLubberty (sternly): Wull, stop it at wance r You know you think more of a rich man than a poor one," said the outspoken friend. I can't deny it," said the statesman, sadly. "But bow can I help it? Every poor man I meet wants me to help him get a government job." WALLACE Hargreaves is pondering whether to buy a dog or bicycle." Ferry: Which did you advise him to get ?" I didn't advise him. -He will be just as big a bore about the one as he would about the other." AN official despatch from Manila received in Madrid reports the violent eruption of the volcano Mayou, in the province of Albay. Great damage has been done by the fLow of the lava, and at the village of Liboug the tobacco crop has been destroyed. It is not known whether there was any loss of life. The volcano has shown no signs of activity since 1617. ALL the Queen's sons are Dukes of Saxony, taking the title through their father, who also held it. But the ultimate heir to the Saxon throne is Prince Frederick Augustus of Saxony, who has been over for the Jubilee to represent his uncle the King, and who has received marked attention from the Queen and the Royal Family during his stay in this country. FROM a mixture of magnesia and sawdust. subjected to a high temperature and great pressure, Dr. Otto Lebnig has produced a substance which he calls "xylolilh," or woodstone." It can be cut with tools, but, it is said, does not burn, and does not abeorb moisture. The inventor thinks it should prove use- ful as a building material. „ FEW ecclesiastical dignitaries have 'J, p^T simple and primitive a manner as d.d the jaw James Allen ex-Dean of St. D^ Yome amoog the St. Swithen s Day, 1802. in n hig Welsh bills he bad ^enmBIiy other humble own meals and PerJfrT' fhat he might apply hia domestic d«ties> "J ce cf the ancient and roraan- income to thewhich he so devoutly loved, tically-situa p fegeor Beekman, felt was invented WoreweavTng The middle and northern regions of AS are occupied by Tartars and other populous nations, whose manners and customs appear to have continued unchanged from the most remote antiquity, and to whose simple mode of existence this article seems to have been as necessary as food. Felt is the principal substance both of their clothing and of their habitation. EX-PRESIDENT CLEVELAND is thoroughly enjoying his release from the cares of offiee. He has been duck shooting—which is his favourite occupation- and yachting, which runs it a good second. Mr. Cleveland is going to write a history of his two Ad- ministrations, which, however, is not to appear during the lifetime of the writer. He is refusing all offerl of outside articles, and recently rejected an offer of iEl2,000 a year for two articles a month on current topics made to him by an American newspaper eyn^ dicnte,
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THE Marquis of Lorne, presiding at the annual meeting of the Metropolitan Drinking Fountain and Cattle Trough Association, regretted that such a work should be left to private philanthropy. The association maintains 712 fountains, and in the course of 24 hours 2,500,000 drink at them, and over 600,000 horses at the 286 troughs. Tajo unhealthiness of the New Guinea goldfields is so great that the miners who go there literary carry their lives in their hands. The captain of a passenger schooner reports that he recently left Woodlark Island with 40 passengers, most of whom orawled to the vessel stricken with fever and dysen- tery. No fewer than seven of these men died within a fortnight. OF every 1000 inhabitants of the globe, 558 live in Asia, 242 in Europe, III in Africa, 82 in America, five in Oceana and the Polar Region*, and only two in Australia. Asia contains more than one-half of the total population of the earth, and Europe nearly one-fourth. In Australia the entire population is not more than the inhabitants of London alone.
BRITISH TONNAGE UNDER ,d-FOREIGN…
BRITISH TONNAGE UNDER ,d FOREIGN FLAGS. s When Plimsoll first aroused the country with his proposition for a load-line he encountered the {greatest possible opposition, and no end of contu- melious remarks were brought up for his injury, remarks the Syren and Shipping. Parliament, how- ever, adopted his views, and passed his bill into law, and the old-time coffin ship for the most part became a thing of -the past. Piimsoll did not rest content (with his-load-line; he brought into force other enact- ments-for the benefit of the sailor whose cause he ,espoused, and his liberal and humane principles have ,been perpetuated by disciples who in his early days I of attempted reform were not least among his enemies. It is, of course, a fact that the British ownership of shipping tonnage is, and has for many years been, on the increase, and, therefore, the re- forms which Plimsoll end his disciples have from time to time got introduced have been much more far-reaching than one might at first suppose, as British shipping is also the carrying power of countries which have never been, norare ever likely to be, under the British flag. But owing, first, to the long series of repressive enactments affecting shipping as an industry; second, so the rise in seamen's wages; third, to the steady decline of freights and fourth, to the development of competing powers on the part lof Germany, Norway, and Sweden, the States, and other countries, we see & revival of some of those terrible abuses against which a Plimsoll heroically took his stand. Unfortunately, there is no interna- tional agreement on the subject of a load-line or other preventive factors, and it is evident that the other shipping countries show no disposition to emulate the excellent example which we, as a nation, have set. Go to Marseilles and Bordeaux, to Hamburg, Stettin, or Antwerp, Dutch, Scandinavian, Austrian, Rus- sian, Spanish, and American ports, and one may see almost every and any day scenes which would be quite impossible in any British port. And these scenes do not occur only on foreign-owned ships; they are occurring equally now on British-owned ships, which, however, to escape the penalties resulting from the infringement of British laws have been placed under foreign flags. Now, there's the rub- the rub not merely from a humanitarian, but also from a commercial point of view. If British owners place their vessels under foreign flags, they must do so with some particular objeet or objects. That is not to be. disputed, and we have now to ascertain what advantage owners may derive from denational- ising or expatriating their property. In the first place, foreign laws in regard to shipping are much iess repressive than British. They permit, generally speaking, of a vessel being loaded so that the bul- warks are .brought down almost on a level with the water. We have both British and Foreign Consular authority for this statement, and several cases have been brought to our knowledge quite recently in which vessels have gone down from sheer over- loading and some interesting legal proceedings are promised by an Anglo-foreign marine insurance society which had a line on one of the ships in ques- tion. Nor are there the restrictions abroad which obtain in the United Kingdom with regard to surveys. Excepting where, as in the case of some of the leading foreign lines, the British example has been followed, ships are sent to sea in most leaky and unseaworthy conditions; and, again, the crewa to be obtained on foreign ships, or on even British ships under foreign flags, are far less particular and require less pay. Scores of in- stances may be cited te show that at all the Conti- nental and most American ports, masters, and in many cases owners, are in league with boarding-house keepers, and share the latter's crimping" profits- that is, usurious profits derived from housing and feeding seamen, and fees charged for finding them a Ihip. All our Consular officers are aware of this, because they know that no respectable British sea- man has a fair chance of obtaining reputable employ- ment from foreign ports. The inducements to Bi itish shipowners, in these days of depressed freights, to change their flag are, therefore, very great; but, finally, it has to be remembered that many owners are transferring in order to disarm prejudice and thwart competition, and in that sense the transfer of British tonnage to foreign flags is not an unmiti- Kted evil. As to the extent to which transfer of flag ts obtained, very precise figures are wanting, but from a careful analysis of the returns at our command we gather that during the last 10 years there have been no less than 210 British vessels, representing an aggregate of. approximately, 180,000 tons, transferred to foreign flags. Of these the majority-perhaps in all 100,000 tons—have been transferred to the Nor- wegian flag, while the residue is represented by the German, Swedish, American, French, Spanish, and Portuguese, respectively, in the order named, These facts are significant enough 'of themselves, but when read in the light of the factors we have set forth, they are, at least, remarkable.