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IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.
IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. In the House of Lords, .Tune 7, the Earl of Devon presented jJ)etition from the cler_ of Exeter against the Bill lor the "westa^lishruent and Disendowment of the Irish Church, and aid it would be disingenuous on his part If he did not de- lare that he did not concur in the prayer of the petition, so as regards the rejection of the bill upon the second read- NT was in favour of letting the measure pass its second eading, and introducing amendments into It. On the order of the day for the third reading of the Metro- politan District Raiiway Bill, The Duke of Rutland moved the insertion of a clause to "ttipel the company to provide smoking carriages. I'pon a division upon the amendment the following was 'heresultContents, 36; non-contents, 75. The bill was then read a third time and passed. ihr°r<? Colchester asked the Colonial Secretary if it was the jntention of the Government to propose a measure for the xemption in future of bishops of a free Protestant church the penalties of the Ecclesiastical Titles Bill ? foiV^rl said that in the event of the Irish Church becoming law it would be necessary to amend the exist- Hg laws referred to by Lord Colchester. The Report of Amendments to the Parochial Schools (Scotland) Bill was considered. A discussion, in which the "ukes of Argyll and R'chmond and Lords Airlie, Abinger, «nd Colonsty took part, arose on the question whether 'ne Central Board should consist of three or seven, and whether members should be paid by the Jj-rown. The Duke of Argyll was In favour of seven the number, but he gave way, confessedly under Pressure of a threat by the Duke of Richmond that if seven ere insisted upon he should move the rejection of the bill. «te would not assent, however, to the proposal that all the of the Board should receive salaries, as urged by the Duke of Richmond and Lord Cairns and Colonsay. On a division, the House decided for payment by 84 to 49. A division was also taken cn an amendment moved by the DUke of Argyll, to omit clause 28, for the purpose of inserting Certain other clauses. The clause, which gives the election half the members of the school committees to the larger heritors, was retained by 73 against 45. On the conscience clause (clause 68), the Duke of Argyll again expressed his full conviction of the inexpediency of in- serting such provisions, and repudiated all responsibility of the Government for them. The Report of the Amendments was then agreed to. Lord Chancellor postponed his motion that the Honse should agree in the addresses of the House of Commons to lIer Majesty in regard to six elections which have been de- clared void, in order that the form of the Report on the Dublin election might be considered by the House on Tuesday. The Metropolitan Commons Supplemental Bill was read a second time, and their Lordships adjourned. .-fa the House oi Commons, the commencement of the sitting was marked by a significant commentary on a recent Political event. As Mr. Bruce was answering a question about the Mold riot, Air. Gladstone entered the House, and So sooner was he seen than the Liberal party raised a loud and hearty cheer, and kept it up with unflagging vigour long after he had taken his seat. Mr. Montague Chambers gave notice that upon considera- I won of the Army Estimates ne should call attention to the Position occupied by the clerks, &c., of-the Engineering I Department of the service, and would propose that them- I Belves or widows entItled to pensions should be placed in the I same position as that held by the other branches of the I service. I In answer to Mr. Hunt, the Chancellor of the Exchequer I laid that, though the arbitrations with the Railway and I Telegraph Companies had made much progress, they were I Dot sufficiently advanced to permit him to state when the I bill for carrying out the Telegraphs Act of last Session would I be brought in. I The first two orders of the day were the two Bills intro- duced by Mr. Goschen (Assessed Rates Bill) and Mr. H. B. I Sheridan (Representation of the People Act, 1867, Amend- I ment Bill), for remedying the grievances of the late "com- I Pound householder." | Mr. Goschen, in moving the second reading of his measure, I explained the very important additions to it which he means J to introduce in Committee. In the first place, he should I Propose to authorise the revival of the system of compound- I ing, by sanctioning agreements between owners and I overseers for the payment of rates in consideration I of a definite commission of 25 per cent. The owners I of houses under 420 rating in London and iClO in the I country (though this limit, he intimated, might be changed I "^Committee; would not only pay the rates, but would be I primarily responsible. And to guard against any political I disability arising from this change the following precau- I tions would be taken :—Owners would be required to give to I the overseers a list of the occupiers for whom they com- I pounded, under penalty of losing their commission a penalty I would be put on the overseers for every name omitt-d by I them from the list: and the occupier, if left out of the list, I might go to the Revising Barrister aud claim to be put on the I Register. In support of these proposals, Mr. Goschen urged I that as personal payment of rates hail proved impossible, it I Was useless to insist on it, at the certain expense of much I hardship and heartburning to the poorer classes, and argued I that the bill would substitute a system more uniform than I compounding. I A long discussion followed on the merits and demerits of I the "compounder," the expediency of reviving him, and the I intricate details of the rating system generally, in which I several hon. members took part, after which, I The bill was read a second time, and Mr. Sheridan's Bill I Was withdrawn. I After the Diplomatic Salaries Bill had been passed through I Committee, the debate on the Metropolitan Poor Act Amend- | tneiii Bill, adjourned from Friday week, was resumed by I Mr. M'C'ullagh Torrens, who made some forcible objections I to the proposed new hospitals, contending that the existing | private hospitals, with subsidies from the rates, supple- I mented by a system of treating the sick poor at their J homes, would lie the most judicious and effectual mode of dealing with tnem. He protested with much I Warmth against massing the sick together in hos- I pitals, and for the children he advocated the system of j boarding out, which had been successful in Ireland. It was | not the <iuty of Parliament, he insisted, to relieve the I working classes of the charge < f their sick and their children, I and, seconded by Sir C. Dilke, he moved a Resolution deferring legislation until there bad been an inquiry into the I sufficiency of the present accommodation. Mr. G. Hardy defended find explained the calculations on which he had parsed the Act of 18S7. Agreeing with many of Mr. M'Cullagh Torrens' ideas as to the segrega- tion of the sick and the value of the dispensary system, he maintained that workhouse hospitals were necetsary for the destitute sick, who, for the most part, had no homes 01 their own in which they could be treated, and that the ordinary hospitals were intended for a totally differ- ent class. To the bill blr. Hardy gave an earnest support, and urged the House not to draw back from a policy which, while it placed the sick and aged in becoming comfort, would make the workhouses deterrent to the vagrant and wilful pauper. Dr Brewer admitted that Mr. Hardy's Act was an infringe- ment on local self-government, but held that it was too late to retreat. Sir M. Lopes maintained that legislation in this direction ought to be accompanied by a revision of our system of taxa- tion. After some observations from Mr. W. H. Smith, Mr. D. Dalrymple, and Mr. Samuda, Mr. Goschen replied, and on a division Mr. Torrens' amendment was defeated by 118 to 13. On the consideration of the Municipal Franchise Bill, Mr. Jacob Bright procured the insertion of a clause extending the franchise to women. The Beerhouses BiJI was read a third time, and the House adjourned. In the House of Lords, June 8, upon the report of the amendments to the Life Peerages Bill being brought up, The Duke of Argyll entered upon lengthy remarks, attack- ing the speeches of the Marquis of Salisbury and the Earl of Carnarvon, and admitting that this bill could not effect the object they had in view in increasing the power of the House of Lords. So far as concerned this House, it had not been proved necessary to produce such a bill as this, to create two life peerages a year. Why, then, did he support the bill? Simply, on the ground on which it was moved by the noble lord (Karl Russell). If they did send this bill to the House of Commons, let it be put upon true ground—not that they ex- pect that it would add materialiy to the present strength and weight of this House, but in order that certain distinguished men might be admitted to this House without the burden of an hereditary peerage. The Marquis of Salisbury frankly confessed that he had listened to the speech of the noble duke with ever-increasing perplexity. The noble duke had taken a monthto digest his reply to his (the noble marquis's) speech and, perhaps, in order to be consistent, lie ought to move the adjournment of the House for another month, so that he might have time to reply. (Laughter ) He quite believed that this House was supported by the nation but he did not intend to follow the noble duke into its relations to the House of Commons, because they would probably have to tread that ground next week. In the House of Commons, the following bills were read a third time and passed :Newport Harbour Commissioners Bill, Sligo Borough Improvement Bill, the Belgrave Mar- ket Bill, and the Waltham Abbey and Cheshunt Gas Bill were considered. The Eltham Valley Railway Bill was withdrawn, and the order for its consideration discharged. The House then went into committee upon the Bankruptcy Bill (Recommitted), when Clauses 29, 30, 32, 36, and 43, after a short discussion, were passed with some trifling alterations. Upon clause 46, Mr. Rathbone moved an amendment that the bankrupt should be granted an order of protection, but that the Court should have power, if satisfied that he is able to pay any sum for the benefit of his creditors to make an order for pay- ment until the debts are paid in full. Mr. Samuda opposed the amendment and urged its with- drawal Tne Right Hon. S. Cave also opposed the amendment for the withholding of the order of discharge, which drives a man to desperation, and holds out no inducement to realise his property. The Attorney-General said that the amendment, as pro- posed, went too far, and if this were to be pressed it would be of no use trying to pass any Bankruptcy Law at alL The result of the amendment if carried would be to lead a man to declare himself bankrupt when his estate was in a com- parativel" solvent state. Mr. P. Rylanfis urged that the amendment would operate materially and unjustly against young men starting in life against such enormous competition as was now prevalent. Should one of these, owing to the disadvantages which beset him, be unfortunate enough to fail to discharge his debts he would be subject to perpetual imprisonment until every debt was paid. Mr. Moreley opposed the amendment, and urged that action should be taken between the two extremes of the Government and the amendment, by a measure which would give the court discretion in the matter, and the creditors the power of discharge. Mr. Goschen defended the proposal of the Government, and pointed out that their proposition was really the mean between the extremes t f the hon. gentlemen the member* for Bristol and Liverpool. A long and desultory discussion ensued, after which Mr. Honcrieff contended that the principle of the bill was right, and denied that the adoption of the amendment would tend to prevent reckless or improvident trading. He pointed out that the misery resulting from the great failures of 1866 did not for the most part fall upon reckless traders, but upon honest, industrious traders, while the reckless traders pulled through prosperously. The effect of the amendment would have been in that case to punish many innocent and pro- vident persons. The Attorney-General pointed out that the bill provided that a majority, three-fourths of the creditors, should have to a certain extent the power of discharge in their own hands. Mr. S. Walpole expressed his entire opposition to the amendment, which would tend to produce bankruptcy. Mr. M'Mahon eulogised the system adopted by America in case of bankruptcy from reckless trading as far preferable to those of France or Belgium. Mr. Henley made a few remarks, and the amendment was withdrawn. Mr. Peek moved the insertion of words in this clause of a proviso that the bankrupt is not chargeable with rash and hazardous trading, speculation, gaming, extravagant, expen- diture, or other dishonest or improper conduct. The Attorney-General said the rule was that no discharge should be made unless a payment of 10?. in the pound was realised; but under certain circumstances such as those coming within the term "unavoidable misfortunes." a dis- charge must be granted without payment of any dividend whatever. A discussion ensued, in which the Right Hon. S. Walpole, the Solicitor-General, and Mr. T. Hughes took part, and the amendment was negatived without a division.
FATAL POISONING. ---
FATAL POISONING. An inquest has been held at Pemberton, near Wigan, on the body of a man named Edward Norton, who came to Lin death under the following oxtraordinai y ciream,itances Oil Wednesday last the deceased, who was suffering from injury to the eye, went, accompanied by his tister, to the Liverpool Eye and Ear Infirmary, tie received from one of the surgeons of this institution curtain piescriptions, iu- tended to be applied externally. The f ister gave evidence that no dIrections accompanied the medicine, and that the de- ceased took it invvardly. He soon became ill, and died. A post-mortem examination of the body vaj made eighteen liours after death, when no ex nul marks were found, but the head, back, and chest were "gorged wiili blood, and de- composition was fast setting in. One lung was found dis- gorged with blood of a dark colour. In the opinion of the surgeon who made the examination," dfath was caused by some active narcotic poison, such as Itcfiladonna. The coroner adjourned the incftufy for the attendance of the officer of the Eye and Ear Infirmary at Liver- pool, who had given the deceased the medicine,
EXTRAORDINARY DISCOVERY IN…
EXTRAORDINARY DISCOVERY IN WARWICKSHIRE. A year and a half ago a blacksmith, named Richard Jackson, became landlord of the Black Horse public. house at Atherstone, in Warwickshire. He had not been in the house many days when one morning he told his wife that he would go out and see if he could get work at a colliery in the neighbourhood. He never returned, and great anxiety was, of course, felt as to his fate. The ponds in the neighbourhood were all dragged in vain, and no tidings were ever heard of him Last Sunday morning, however, his body was dis- covered in a pond known as Marston Quarries. The water in which it had been so long immersed covers an area of upwards of an acre, and is in some places thirty yards in depth. The body was found in one of the deepest parts, and was in a frightful state of de- composition. In fact, identification would have been impossible had it not been for the finding of a knife, snuff-box, and pipe, which the man was known to have possessed, in one of his pockets, and for the fact of his having had several fingers cut off, some time prior to his untimely end, while engaged in chaff-cutting. Upon examination it was found that a piece of tarred rope, to which was attached a large iron bend pipe, had been fastened round his body but the rope seems at length to have broken in two parts, and thus caused the body to rise to the surface. The remains were removed to a farm house in the village, there to await the coroner's inquest.
MATRIMONIAL CHANCES!
MATRIMONIAL CHANCES! (From the Manche8ter Examiner.) "A Lady, 29, highly respectable, no fortune, wishes tomeet with an Elderly Gentleman.—G. A., Post-office, Swansea." A Widower, in a good position, wishes to marry a respect- able and well domesticated Lady with means; no objections to a widow.—Address C. B., Post-office, Huddersfleld." "Wanted, a Wife, of business habits, by a Young Man, aged 32; life teetotaller; commencing bu,iness; unexcep- tional references.—Address, in confidence, D 53, at the printers." "A Gentleman, 29, in business, seeks the acquaintance of an amiable Young Lady, with some means, capable of creat- ing and appreciating a comfortable home; strictly confiden- tial.-B 77, at printers."
YOUNG LADIES, BEWARE
YOUNG LADIES, BEWARE Young ladies will do well to read attentively the pas- toral letter of the Fathers of the Faith Provincial Council of Baltimore in the United States, which they will find in the Tablet of last week (says the Pall Mail 'Gazttte). The Fathers deem it particularly their solemn duty to renew their warning against the modern fashionable dances commonly called German or round dances, which are becoming more and more occasions of sin. These practices, the fathers state, are so much the more dangerous, as several persons seem to look upon them as harmless and indulge in them without any remorse of conscience. But divine revelation, the wisdom of antiquity, the light of reason and experience, all concur in proclaiming that these kind of entertain- ments, even when restricted within tolerable bounds of propriety, are attended with more or less danger to the Christian soul. They add that they cannot too strongly reprobate the system of round dancing recently introduced into society, which shocks every feeling of delicacy and is fraught with imminent danger to morals. When the Fathers speak of round dances being condemned by the "wisdom of antiquity," we cannot help feeling that possibly the reverence in which the British chaperon is held may be somewhat misplaced; for whatever may be the case in Balti- more, in England elderly ladies not only countenance these objectionable movements, but themselves suffer much in the body bv being bustled and pushed about in crowded rooms while watching the sinful activity of their charges. We cannot say which is right; but it is melancholy to see how great a difference of opinion exists between the Baltimore fathers and the Bel- gravian mothers.
INFANTICIDE IN LONDON.
INFANTICIDE IN LONDON. On Thursday evening, in last week, Dr. Lankester, the coroner for Central Middlesex, delivered a lecture on this subject, to a large audience, in the Freemasons'-hall, ever which Mr. Charles Reed, M.P., presided, in the absence of the Earl of Shaftesbury. Dr. Lankester, after a scriptural and historic retro- spect, proceeded to deal with the question as it ad- dressed itself to the Christian world, and bore upon the well-being of society in modern times. Infanticide he defined to be the destruction or murder of a new-born child, but under another name the law also took cognisance of the destruction of a child before it was born. II e proposed to deal with the former of these crimes, and to draw upon his own experience for his facts, thus following in the footsteps of the late Mr. Wakley, who, like himself, had been wrongly accused of exaggeration while treating of this matter. In 1863 there were 55 cases of infanticide in his district; in 1864, 56; in 1865, 61; in 1866, 75 in 1867, 53 and in 1868, 52; but in too many instances he had dis- covered a tendency to return open verdicts of found dead or still-born." According to the judicial statistics of the Home- office the ratio of the crime for the whole of England was 1 in every 170,000 of the population, and in Middlesex 1 in 20,000, while for the central and western districts it was 1 in 12,000, confirming him in the opinion that the crime was mainly confined to the domestic servants of the West-end. Indeed, on an average of five years the return for Clerkenwell was 1 in 30,000; St. Pancras, 1 in 20,000 Marylebone, 1 in 10.000; Paddington, 1 in 8,0U0 and Islington, 1 in 6,000: Having shown that the mother was generally alone in the murder and disposal of her child, Dr. Lankester went on to assert that the verdicts returned afforded no indication of the actual number of cases. He believed Mr. Wakley was right in fixing it at 300 a year, and as the murderess was generally twenty years of age, and seldom repeated her crinje, taking the average life of women at 60, it followed, that there were 12,000 women living who had committed the offence. He next glanced at the deaths occasioned amongst mothers and the effects of baby farming," observing that half the children upon whom he held inquests were illegitimate, and that from 40 to 80 per cent. of children admitted into foundling hospitals die within the first year and concluded by stating his cure for the evil, which was to be worked through the pulpit, an alteration of the bastardy laws, as not more than one in 70 of the fathers contributed to the support of the child, the substitution of other than the capital punishment for the crime, a certified registration of births, as in Ireland and Scotland, and of still-borns as on the continent, and the enactment of punishments for the concealment of pregnancy.
A VERY CURIOUS CASE!
A VERY CURIOUS CASE! In the Bail Court, in London, last week, the cause of the Queen v. Watkins," was decided, and was a very peculiar in- dictment for felony, arisiug out of an action against Mr. Tor- rens, M. P. for Finsbury, tried In January last, before Mr. Justice Byles, in the Common Pleas. The prisoner, who is a solicitor, surrendered te his bail, and pleaded not guilty. Mr. Pater, in stating the case to the jury, said the prosecutor, Henry Tommy, who was advanced in life, was discharged some years since from the army, and he then took an hotel in Dublin but getting into pecu- niary difficulties he assigned his property to trustees for the benefit of the creditors. Proceedings were then taken in Chancery, on the ground that there had been a breach of some of the covenants, which were decided adversely to the prosecutor. On an appeal to the House of Lords the decree was reversed, which decree, it was stated, had been again reversed. The prosecutor then applied to several members of Parliament, and, amongst others, to Air. Torrens, to bring his griev- ance before the House of Commons. That gentleman promised to assist the prosecutor, and all the papers and documents were left with Mr. Torrens. That gentleman, however, afterwards altered his mind, upon which the prosecutor applied for his papers, but not obtaining them he brought an action against Mr. Torrens for their recovery. The case came on for trial in January, 1866. On the 16th of that month Mr. Watkins, then the managing clerk to Mr. Brown, Mr. Torren's soli- citor, inspected the documents at the prosecutor's lodg- ings, and in the course of the interview and examina- tion of the documents the prosecutor had occasion to turn his back. On the following morning, no one hav- ing been in the room in the meantime, the prosecutor discovered that he had missed the papers in question. The trial took place on the 21st of J anuary, when the prosecutor conducted his own case, and the learned judge nonsuited the prosecutor, attributing his failure in the trial to the loss of these papers, and he publicly stated in court that a paper that had been handed to his lordship by Mr. Torrens's counsel was one of the papers that had been stolen from him. The same even- ing a parcel containing the papers was left at the pro- secutor's lodgings. The Prosecutor was called. He deposed that he was dis- charged from the army in 1825 on a pension of 9d. a day. He then opened an hotel in Dublin, which he called 11 Tom- my's Hotel." After the decree in the Irish Court of Chancery there was an application for a rehearing, but it was not com- plied with. Mr. Torrens promised to bring the case before Parliament, and he gave that gentleman all his papers. He afterwards brought an action against Mr. Torrens for their recovery. Mr. Watkins came to his lodgings to inspect the documents. Whilst there Mr. Watkins directed his (prose- cutor's) attention to something, and he turned his back, and then Mr. Watkins took the papers and put them in his bag. He missed them the following morning, when he was pre- paring for the trial. On the trial he stated publicly that Mr. Wat kins had taken away his documents. One of them was handed to the learned judge by Mr. Torrens's counsel. The evening after the trial the documents were left at his lodg- ings. They were of the greatest importance to prove his case on the trial [The letters were put in and read. The first, which was the letter relied on as being of the most import- ance, was from Mr. Torrens, stating that he had no letters or documents belonging to Mr. Tommy. There was one from Mr. "Vanderbyl, Mr. Ewart, and Mr. Arthur Innes, promising to consider Mr. Tommy's case. There was one also written by a Mr. Hethering- ton, who had since died-all of which, as the learned judge observed in the course of his summing up were utterly valueless as regarded the action against Mr. Torrens.] ° In cross-examination the prosecutor stated that he wanted an inquiry into what occurred iD reference to his case in the House of Lords, on a petition by the relatives of Tnrrt if Leonard's. On the 18th May, 1868, he applied for a warrant at Marlborough-street to apprehend Mr. Watkins, but it was refused. Mr. Tyrwhitt told him to give W atkins in charge He accordingly took a policeman to the defendant's office (he having since been admitted an attorney), and gave him in charge. The magistrate dismissed the charge, and he then went before the grand jury at the Old Bailey, and preferred this indictment. William Ainsley, 92 Shoe-lane, was present at the trial in the Common Pleas. Mr. Tommy spoke of having missed a document, and one was handed by Mr. Torrens's council to the judge, but witness was unable to identify it. Cross-examined: He was one of those who charged Mr. Torrens with injustice towards Mr. Tommy, and he was sorry that gentleman did not answer him. Cross-examined: He was one of those who charged Mr. Cross-examined: He was one of those who charged Mr. Torrens with injustice towards Mr. Tommy, and he was sorry that gentleman did not answer him. Mr. Serjeant O'Brien What are you? Witness: What am I? I am not ashamed to state. 1 was a merchant. Yuu had better not inquire into my business- counsel, judge, or parliament had better not inquire into it— they are all corruption (laughter). Several other witnesses were called for the prosecu- tion but they were unable to carry the case further. Mr. Serjeant O'Brien, in addressing the jury for the defence, said he was anxious they should hear the whole of the case, because they would find that was an in- stance of the way the forms of law could be exercised for the purpose of annoyance and persecution. He i would not say a word against Mr, Tommy, other than that he was an aged man who had an imaginary griev- ance, which appeared to grow with his growth, until he had brooded over it so long as to induce him to think it was a real one. This was a most extraordinary per- version of the forms of our law. Nothing could be painful to a young professional man than to bo charged by a person like Mr. Tommy with felony, he not having the slightest chance of obtaining any redress from the prosecutor. He was afraid the prosecutor had been urged on by others, and he expressed his regret that there was no public officer at the Old Bailey whose dutyit should be to prevent such charges being made, and such a scandalous perversion of the forms of law. The prosecutor and his witnesses appeared to imagine there was corruption everywhere-amongst the jury, counsel, and judge. Mr. Ainsley I am prepared to prove it. (Laughter.) Mr. Justice Hannen said he must keep silent or he should have him removed from the court. Mr. Serjeant O'Brien said that after that he should not have been surprised if Mr. Tommy had brought an action against Mr. Justice Byles, the learned counsel, and all who were engaged in the case. Mr. Torrens, M.P., was called. He deposed: Sometime in 1866 or 1867 Mr. Tommy sought an interview with me. He came to my chambers and represented that he had a case of great hardship against the House of Lords, which he wished inquired into. He wanted to get a decree of the House of Lords reversed, and he thought if I would bring the matter under the notice of the House of Commons it might be possible for him to obtain some redress. I was reluctant to entertain the matter, but on the suggestion of some friends who came with him I did eo, and I undertook to present a petition. I told him at the time that I could not see my way to do more, and I did not. Several applications were afterwards made to me for the return of the papers. There were no original documents-they were all copies. A search was made for them but unsuccessful. After the action was brought I changed my chambers, and then they were found, and immediately forwarded to Mr. Tommy. Mr. Brown con- ducted the defence for me, and Mr. Wilklns, his articled clerk, had the management of it I was at the trial. I saw no letter or document produced by my counsel. Nothing that I remember was then said that the document had been taken from Mr. Tommy. Cross-examined: I did not hear the prosecutor say that the papers had been abstracted from his room. Mr. Justice Byles was called. He deposed: I recollect the case of Tommy v. Torrens being tried by me in the Common Pleas. The plaintiff was non-suited. I have no recollec- tion that the document in question was handed to me. I forget whether anything was said about the document being stolen. Mr. Hume Williams, counsel for Mr. Torrens in the action, and It-fr. Browne. the solicitor, (rave similar evidence. The learned Judge, in summing tip, said that in a case of this kind, the first thing to consider was the motive of the party. One could hardly suppose that a professional man would jeopardise himself in stealing that which was utterly valueless to the cause, and which could be of no use to him or to his client, The Jury immediately returned a verdict of Not Guilty.
THE LORDS AND THE IRISH CHURCH…
THE LORDS AND THE IRISH CHURCH BILL. A meeting of members of the Upper House-140 in number-was held at the Duke of Marlborough's re- sidence in London, on Saturday, to consider the course to be taken by the Lords as to the Irish Church BilL It was almost exclusively a meeting of lay Peers, and the large majority were strongly in favour of throwing out the bill on the second reading. This course was vigorously supported by Lord Derby, Lord Cairns, Lord Harrowby (who will very probably move the amendment in the House of Lords), the Dukes of Marlborough and Rutland, Lords Ellenborough, Ban- don, and Redesdale, and the main strength of the Conservative party. This mode of proceeding is advo- cated most strongly by Lord Derby. A great many Irish Peers-one, it is understood, a Roman Catholic- were present, and spoke strongly against the bill Lord Carnarvon and Lord Stanhope were in favour of allowing the bill to be read a second time, and then proposing material amendments, and were followed in this opinion principally by younger members of the House. Lord Salisbury seems to be as yet undecided as to which course is the best to pursue. Throughout the meeting there was the strongest feeling that the bill must be rejected, or altered in some essential points and there was a desire at least equally strong to ascertain, in the course of the next few days, fhe real sentiment of the whole nation on the subject. Subjoined is a list of the Peers present The Archbishop of Dublin, the Duke of Abercorn, the Earl of Harrowby, Earl of Abergavenny, Earl Amherst, Earl Bandon, Viscount Bangor, Lord Bateman, Marquis of Bath, Earl Bathurst, Earl lieauchamp, Duke of Beaufort, Lord Berners, Bishop of Glocester, Lord Blaney, Lord Bolton, Earl of Bradford, Marquis of Bristol, Earl Brownlow, Duke of Buiclench, Duke of Buckingham, Earl Cadogan, Lord Cairns, Earl Carnarvon, Lord Castlemaine, Lord Chelmsford, Lord Churston, Earl Clancarty, Lord Colchester, Lord Col- ville, Lord Clarina, Earl Coventry, Earl Courtown, Lord Crofton, Earl Darnloy, Earl Dartmouth, Lord de L'Isle, Earl Denbigh, Lord Denman, Earl Derby, Lord de Ros, Lord de Saumarez, Viscount de Vesci, E irl Devon, Lord Digby, Marquis of Downsbire, Marquis of Droglieda, Earl Dunmore, Lord Dunboyne, Lord Dunsany, Lord Egerton, Earl Egre- mont, Earl Eldon, Lord Elphinstone, Earl of EnniskUlen, Viscount Exmouth, Lord Faversham, Eul Fitzwilliam, Lord Galway, Viscount Gough, Viscount Gormanstown, the Earl of Haddington, Viscount Hrdinge, Earl Hardwicke, Earl Harewood, Earl of Harrington, Viscount Hawarden, Lord Headley, Lord Henniker, Viscount Hereford, Lord lieytesbury, Earl Home, barl of Huntingdon, Lord Hylton, Lord Kesteven, Lord Kihnaine, Earl of Kingston, Earl Lauderdale, Earl Leitrim, Earl Levin and Melville, Earl of Limerick, Earl of Longford, Earl of Lonsdale, Earl of Lucan, Lord Lytton, Earl of MaccleOeld, Earl of Malmesbury, Duke of Manchester, Earl Man vers, Duke of Marlborough, Viscount Melville, Viscount Middleton, Earl Nelson, Lord Northwick, Lord Ormathwaite, Lord O'Neill, Marquis of Ormonde, Lord Penrhyn, Bishop of Peterborough, Earl Portarlington, Lord Raglan, Lord Ravensworth, Lord Redesdale, Duke of Richmond, Lord Rivers, Earl of Romney, Earl of Rosse, Duke of Rutland, Lord St. Leonards, Marquis of Salisbury, Lord Saltoun, Earl of Sandwich, Lord Scarsdale, Earl of Selkirk, Viscount Sidmouth, Lord Sinclair, Lord Skelmersdale, Earl Stanhope, Lerd Sondes, Earl of Stradbroke, Lord Strathnairn, Earl of Tankerville, Viscount Templetown, Lord Thurlow, Lord Tredegar, Earl Verulam, Lord Walsing- ham, Earl of Warwick, Duke of Wellington, Marquis of Westmeatb, Earl of Wilton, Marquis of Winchester, Lord Wynford, &c. The representatives of the Press were not admitted to the meeting; but the following version has been furnished (by a friendly hand) to the John Bull Lord Cairns addressed the meeting at considerable length, urging that the best course would, under all the circum- stances, be to reject the bill on the second reading. The leaders of the party were most anxious not to fetter the judg- ment of the Peers, but he thought the Earl of Harrowby was the best Peer to take the initiative from his independent position, and that he deserved the support of the party. The Marquis of Salisbury spoke in opposition to this course, as did the Earl of Carnarvon, but it was generally thought that, under the very fair and honest cloak of a desire for the interests of the Irish Church, the interests of their order were not overlooked by those Peers, or by Earl Stanhope. The Earl of Derby spoke most eloquently and warmly in favour of the rejection of the bill. The Earl of Denbigh, a Roman Catholic peer, alone declared his intention of voting for the bill; besides the two noble lords previously mentioned it is thought that the Earl of Limerick and Earl Nelson, from their desire for a free Church, will abstain from voting, and the former will probably vote for the bill. The Duke of Rut- land and others warmly advocated resistance to the bill. The tone of the meeting was most firm, and the unwilling- ness to hear any but men of great mark against Lord Cairn's advice very determined. As became such a meeting no allu- sions was made to the language used out of doors. No for- mal resolutions were come to, the independent judgment of each Peer being carefully guarded; but the result will be that the whole strength of the Opposition will be brought to bear against the bill, the rejection of which will be moved by the Earl of Harrowby. The majority will probably be 80. The Times has the following leader on the meetidg:- The policy of desperation has prevailed. The implacable Radical who feared that the rumour to which we reluctantly gave currency on Friday was too good to be true may be re-assured, for the Conservative Peers have determined at all hazards to reject the Irish Church Bill on the second reading. It must not, indeed, be supposed that all the Lords present at Saturday's meeting approved this act of direct hostility to public opinion. A few, and those not of the lowest rank in argumentative power, not the least remarkable for their appreciation of the force of historic precedents, not wholly undistinguished for their knowledge of constitutional prin- ciples, inferior te none in their fidelity to Conservative tradi- tions, strove in vain against their fellows. Lord Salisbury, Lord Stanhope, Lord Carnarvon, attempted to dissuade the meet- ing from the course upon which the majority was bent. Their remonstrances were useless. One or two other Peers strug- gled to get a hearing on the same side, but the meeting refused to listen to them. Lord Derby, in strict accordance with every act of his career, whether as a fiery Liberal, a Conservative, a Protectionist, or as the stemmer of the tide of Democracy, flung himself into the breach In support of the policy of All of Nothing. He spoke to no unwilling hearers, and when Lord Cairns, casting off the reticence which alarmed his friends at Dublin, sho wed that he had braced himself up to proclaim war d outrance, the question was decided. A majority exceeding a hundred declared in favour of the rejection of the bilL We are, then, on the eve of a crisis. Nothing since the throes which preceded the passing of the Reform Bill can be compared with the consequences which must attend the threatened conduct of the Conservative Peers. Of the result of the struggle there can be no doubt. The policy of the Irish Church Bill, approved by the Three Kingdoms, jointly and severally, after mature deliberation and a direct refer- ence of the question to the nation, cannot be defeated. The bill will pass, with no material alteration in its provisions, before the end of the present year. The Lords may succeed in the first instance, but, if they -do, they will be compelled to undergo the mortification of accepting on a second tender the measure they rejected at first. It may be thought the loss of character and of power involved in this prospect is a matter in which they are chiefly, if not exclusively concerned. But there are other results of their action which touch us all. They put in jeopardy not only themselves and their privileges, but the peace of eur great towns, and the maintenance of law and order in the country. Above all, they do their best to provoke an outburst of pas- sionate violence in the unhappy country the vast majority of whose inhabitants they propose to outrage by a contemptuous disregard af their wishes. We know it will be said that we invite violence in Ireland. Those whose injustice excites pas- sionate resentment afiect always to believe that the comments of others upon their acts, and not the acts themselves, are the causes of the outrages which ensue. We invite no violence in Ireland or elsewhere. The fact we would impress on those who have influence with the population of Ireland is, that the nation is strong enough to work its own will within the strictest limits of the law. But while we trust that any- thing tending in the slightest degree to a breach of the peace will be instantly suppressed, we must yet protest that the Conservative Peers who, by their resolution to oppose the second reading of the Irish Church Bill, put their will in opposition to the will of the nation will be held responsible if any mischief should flow from this assertion of autocratic power. We desire to do no injustice to the mass of Conservative Peers bent on throwing out the Irish Church Bill. The im- portance of the crisis allows no loose language and as we have never hitherto impugned the motives of those who op- pose the bill, we shall Dot do so now. If we except one here and there whose reckless temperament is incapable of serious aims, we must allow that the rest are swayed by conscien- tious motive?. But their conscientiousness itself is vitiated by error. They are conscientious just as George IlL was conscientious, or the First Mary or her husband. "We have the power "—this is the course of their reasoning- we have the power to prevent a great wrong, and we are bound to ex- ercise it. It is true that what we call a great wrong the ma- jority of our countrymen call an act of supreme justice, but we have the power of enforcing upon them our own convic- tions, and we must act on our own convictions." There is a double fallacy in this reasoning, ji .litical and ethical, and both errorshave their root, in a splntof inordinate self-assertionre- fusing to recognise the of others or the limits of their own power. The Lords are not justified, viewing the question o:i abstract grounds oi morality, in enforcing their views upon a nation which rejects tnem, however well they may be per- suaded of their tiuth. Lv.t sill doubt as to the conduct they ouglit to pursue should be removed when it is added that they have not the power to withstand the will of the nation. They possess their control over public affairs on the condition that they bow to the judgment of th 3 people when fairly expressed. As Lord Salisbury acknowledged last year in the debate on the Suspensory Bill, the Peers cannot refuse to defer to the national will when clearly expressed on a definite issue, and Lord Salisbury, in perfect agree- ment with his declaration, is prepared this year to allow the Irish Church Bill to pass. Lord Derby made a similar statement t tvelve months since in scarcely less di&tinct terms and we wait to see how he reconciles his advice now with his declarations then. Aatothe majority of the Ojpositioa, we can draw no other conclusion than that they have resolved to intrench themselves In their own opinions and rely upon their fancied power, in disdain of consequencts to them- selves or to the nation. They will be rudely awakened from their delusion. It cannot be doubtful which ill succeed in the contest between themselves and the nat ion and, indeed, the only question is, not whether the power they think they possess shall be proved to be non-extent, but whether in the proof the power they can exercise, and might, were they wise, continue to exercise, will not be so irreparably broken as to vanish also out of existence. What are the practical steps necessary to secure the supre- macy of the national decision? It may be thought the resolu- tion taken by the Conservative Peers on Saturday will not necessarily be followed by the rejection of the bill. and there is, of course, a possibility that a sufficient number will fol- low Lord Salisbury to give the Ministry the victory. But we cannot pretend that this is probable. The dissidents on Saturday were a very small fraction Of the whole, and it must be observed that few of the Conservatives who dis- approve the policy of blind and ungovernable resistance will feel compelled to mark their disapprobation of it by voting for the bill. They will not vote at all. Their absence will diminish the ranks of the Opposition, but will not add to the ranks of the Ministry. We must be prepared, then, for the rejection of the bill. It is wise to be ready to meet this issue. What must follow? Nothing more serious than an August in London. The business of the Session must be immediately wound up, and Parliament prorogued, to meet again after a short interval of rest. We shall see the bill introduced in the new Session without a tittle of change, and brought up to the Lords precisely in the form it will be presented next week for Its second reading. It will depend upon the Lords themselves what steps will by that time have been taken to insure its success. But that the bill must pass then is certain. There is no other alternative. The nation has pronounced upon the question. The House of Commons reflects its opinions, and neither the nation nor the House of Commons will recede from the policy they have deliberately approved and supported. Next week the Lords will be asked to allow that policy to prevail. If they defer to the will of the people, it will be well. If they stubbornly and successfully resist, the successful majority will be over- ruled two months later. In a leader, on Tuesday, The Times says: "A majority of eighty against the bill." This was what we were promised yesterday morning, and if the Peers who cheered on Lord Derby on Saturday had proved steadfast, if Lord Derby himself had not awoke to the reflection that the old manoeuvre of charging into the midst of the enemy, to be compelled to surrender at discretion, has been repeated too often to be excused on the ground of youthful recklessness, the threat might have prevailed. But as the hours wore on and the day waned, the resolution, or what had been thought to be the resolution, of the Opposition began to melt away, it was found that the minority of reason was more powerful la numbers than any had suspected. First one, then another rebelled, fu the afternoon "Ittln.. nf thA LflrnR vesterdav. a member of the late Ministry took occasion in the most pointed manner possible to disavow all approval of the policy of blind resistance. Lord Devon, in presenting a petition from the clergy of Exeter against the bill, added that it would be dis- ingenuous on his part if he did not explain that he could not agree with the prayer of the petition. He desired to amend the measure, but he said, "I am firmly convinced that it would be a matter of very serious public misfortune if your Lordships should refuse to give a second reading to the bill." Lord Devon's courage encouraged many another Peer, and the brief sitting was scarcely over before it began to be said that it would, perhaps, be better to allow the bill to be read a second time by a small majority, and thus retain a power, otherwise lost for ever, of attempting to modify its provisions in Committee. We have no wish to triumph over the members of the Opposition in the Upper House. The wisdom of their second thoughts must go far to efface the memory of the rashness which beguiled them into an approval of reckless counsels submitted to them on Saturday. Every moment, indeed, served to bring them some fresh proof of their error. They became more and more convinced they had placed them- selves in direct opposition to the will of the majority of the people for no other possible result than the humiliation of their Order. An incident, trivial in itself, which occurred in the House of Commons last night faithfully represented the resolution of that body. Mr. Gladstone entered the House about half-past four, and was proceeding to take his place as usual on the Treasury Bench. But no sooner was he seen at the doorway than a cheer arose from the Ministerial side, which was caught up and repeated, and yet again repeated, till some time after he had sat down. No answering cheer met the challenge. Every man who joined in those cheers testified his resolution to support the Irlfh Church Bill against all opposition, and he knew that he was but expres- sing the sentiments of his constituents. The Conservative members of the Commons are not deficient in courage, their voices are by no means feeble, and if they bad believed the policy which had been announced as the policy of their allies in the House of Lords could succeed, they would have shouted back with defiant acclamation. The Conservatives were silent. How could they be otherwise ? They were well aware that, with one possible exception, the men who sat on the front bench before them disapproved the resolution of Saturday and had been overruled in their opp osition to it. We trust the danger to the House of Peers is past. Perfect confidence cannot, indeed, be felt in the stability of a body which thought of acting upon advice prompted in a mere spirit of criminal levity, and some time must elapse before the character and influence of the Upper House will be thoroughly restored but we may well hope that the danger it would have incurred is averted. 1he experience of the last two days has done something more than re- affirm the old truth that in a direct issue the Lords must allow the national will to prevail. It has shown that on the question of the day compromise is impossible. It is said that the consciousness of this fact stimulated the resolution of unconditional resistance, and it is certain that the fact remains unnltered, though the resolution may have been abandoned. The principle of the Irish Church Bill in- volves all its distinctive details. They flow from it, and can- not be altered without trenching upon the essence of the question and it is impossible to allow this to be tampered with. The policy of the bill was submitted to the country in November, and the vote in its favour then given by the constituencies of each of the Three Kingdoms, and by the majority of the electors of each of the Three Kingdoms, was in effect to ratify the scheme of the measure. We do not know how anything short of submitting the whole bill, clause by clause, to a popular vote could more fully attest the sanction of the nation and we believe that if this hypothetical course were adopted, and every clause were supported by overwhelming majorities, there would still remain persons ready to affirm, as soon as the last clause was passed, that the people had in the interval changed their minds about those which preceded it. The nation is not so slack of purpose as might be imagined from the example of the Peers. It has approved the hilt as it left the House of Commons, and as it has left the House of Commons the bill must practically be passed.
THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC.
THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC. On Monday, at the Society of Arts, in London, the Archbishop of York presided at a conference on the general questions of the laws relating to the liquor traffic. The Chairman said that the object of the meeting was to attempt to form a rational and sober public opinion on the subjects under discussion, so that something might be done to limit the monstrous evils that flowed from the uncontrolled sale of drink. The Rev. H. J. Ellison, vicar of Windsor, then explained a plan he proposed for regulating the licensing power. Having adduced the opinions of Mr. Bruce and Mr. Gladstone regarding the present position of the licensing system, and the means by which its reform could be procured, he pro- ceeded to say that he hoped all those he was addressing would agree on the third subdivision of the first subject for discus- sion,—namely, the policy of giving owners and occupiers of property some power of veto in the licensing of publichouses and beerhouses. It had been urged that these houses were established for the public good Who, iie asked, were the best judges of that good unless th? community in which these houses were situated? if the power of veto existed it must be a reality, and not a sham. Having referred to the Liverpool Bill, as it was called of 1867, in which it was provided that if three-fourths of the parishioners were opposed to the granting of a licence it should be re- fused, he continued to sketch the provisions of the mea- sure known as the Permissive Bill. While he was wil- ling to pay the highest tribute to the promoters of that mea- sure, he felt that the difficulties in the way of its becoming law were immense. Even if it were passed through Parlia- ment the law and the people might be brought into collision, and the result of that antagonism might conduce to what he might designate now forms of tyranny. He was opposed to intrusting the power of licensing to the magistrates. He spoke with all due deference in the presence of the hon. member for Leeds (Mr. Baines) when he said that, in the borough to which he had referred the owners of public- houseshadbeen frequently convicted, and still the magistrates did not close up those places. A stipendiary magistrate or a licensing barrister would be liable to be influenced, at least, to a certain extent, by the clerk to the justices or other officers to the court. Having referred to the proposals for giving the licensing power to a eelect committee of magistrates or to the guardians of the poor he addressed himself to the specific plan which he recommended for adoption. He pro- posed that a power of veto possessed by the people and the power of a licensing body should be employed to control the system ef which he was speaking. The licensing body should consist of, say, three or five persons, and their powers wonld be to grant or refuse new licenses, to renew or withhold old ones, and to receive the reports of an inspector appointed to examine the conduct of the esta- blishments which he was considering. By this means they would obtain a direct reflection of public opinion. Public opinion was free on all subjects at the present time, and pre-eminently so on the subject before the meeting. The election of the licensing body would never become a dead letter. Every year the whole community of a locality would be brought face to face with the great question for the dis- cussion of which the conference had been convened. There were not, he urged, any stronger opponents of the increase of public and beer houses than the publicans themselves, and the working men of the country did not desire their ex- tension. He hoped that the personal system of licensing would be retained, no matter what changes might be made. It had been urged as an objection that if the reforms sug- gested were adopted the owners of existing publichouses would possess a monopoly. If these owners were made re- sponsible by a judicious system of inspection, that would be- come a good instead of an evil. The rev. gentleman con- cluded a very able and thoughtful address by recommending that public opinion should be generally evoked on the subject of the licensing power. Mr. E. Baines, M.P., said he did not think the rev. gentle- man who had preceded him was quite justified in what he said regarding Leeds. He had heard of the case of the pro- prietor of some public gardens who had been fined various times by the magistrates, but in that case the cause of offence had been removed. He was not, however, aware of the cir- cumstances to which the vicar of Windsor had referred. He felt that there was no body of men so qualified by their weight and station and by their decision and judgment to be invested with the licensing power the magistrates. Returning to the case of Leeds, he said that scarcely any new licences were granted in that borough. Every year some 30 or 40 of these licences were applied for, but they were generally-aimost always refused. He was In some degree in favour of public influence being brought to bear on the question before the conference. Placing the power in the hands of the Excise had been universally condemned. Sir John Bowring thought there was no body of men to whom the licensing power could be less wisely intrusted than the magistrates of the country, becau.e they were influenced by so many causes. In many cases their decision was founded on what policemen said, and policemen's opinions were in- fluenced by the manner in which they were treated by the owners of the public-houses. He thought the interests of those who had power to grant licences and those who applied for them should be completely disassociated. Mr. J. Griffiths, of Wales, spenking from his experience in his own part of the country, contended that the magistrates did not know anything of the wants and feelings of the people among whom they granted licenses to owners of public-houses. They visited the locality on session days, and then returned to their homes without any further observation. iv. J?arcourt Jehnstone, M.P., said he was greatly afraid that Sir H. I. Selwin-Ibbetson's Bill would not become law during the present Session of Parliament. He was not in favour of leaving the licensing power altogether in the hands of the magistrates, who were in many cases the owners of publichouses. He thought that a body elected by the Board of Guardians should be constituted to act with them. Under other circumstances suggested he thought that unnecessary agitation would be excited every year. A power of veto would be obtained by the interposition of the body chosen by the Board of Guardians. The Rev. H. Solly said a man micht be a very valuable member of a Board of Guardians, and not a good administra- tor of the licensing power. Having referred to a proposition he himself had made some two years ago of appointing itine- nary magistrates, he proceeded to give some interesting statistics regarding the number of public-houses and beer- houses in London. He said there were 10,000 of these places in the metropolis altogether. These, if placed side by side, would reach a length of nearly 40 miles. In Brick-lane, Bethnal-green, there was one public-house or beershop for every ten houses in the street; in High-street, Whitechapel, one for every eight; and in Virginia-row, Bethnal-green, one for every seven. Many of these public-houses and beerhouses adjoined churches, as in the case of Knightsbridge. After some further discussion, the Conference adjourned for an hour. On the resumption of the sittings, Lord Lyt- telton, who was called to the chair, said he dissented from the provisions of the Permissive Bill. He hoped the ques- tion considered by the Conference, would engage the atten- tion of Parliament next Session. Sir Selwin-Ibbetson's Bill being suspensory, it was necessary that public opinion on the subject should be elicited. At this stage Mr. John Abel Smith took the chair. Rev. H. J. Ellison then proposed—"That the HoenHng rower should be coiucitial to a Ji::z.ru% b""i L,JI' i every year by the ratepayers in each district, which will re- present the public opinion of those directly interested in the question." This proposition was an amended form of a reso- lution in which the words owners of property" occurred. Dr. Manning, who seconded the resolution, said that if owners of property meant the ratepayers, he would agree to the resolution, but not otherwise. He thought that all the influences, commercial, political, and personal, which were generally brought to bear on the licensing bodies should be completely destroyed. Those bodies should know the wants of the people they should be impartial, and firm almost to sternness. A licensing body such as that proposed was practicable under certain conditions-when the interests at present existing were brought under the light of public opinion. Working men, he continued, felt they were patronized by those who had this matter in hand. The working men were those who could best judge the need which existed of increasing the number of public houses in their own localities. Providing these houses for them vicariously was certainly something like patronage. Magistrates knew nothing of these things, for their wives and children were never led into crime and temptation through the agency of the publichouse. To the working classes, who were units constituting the solid fabric of society, they should look for information on this subject. The most rev. prelate resumed his seat amid general cheering. The resolution having been put to the meeting, was unani- mously adopted. Dr. R. Martin then introduced the subject of a uniform licence for all excisable liquors, before a very limited audience. Lord Sidmouth and Mr. H. T. Marsh having briefly ad- dressed the Conference, the Chairman (Mr. John Abel Smith) recommended that as the subject was so important, it should be again considered, which suggestion was readily accepted, and the Conference adjourned.
ARCHBISHOP MANNING ON EDUCATION.
ARCHBISHOP MANNING ON EDUCATION. On Sunday last, at all the London Roman Catholic churches within the archdiocese of Westminster, a pas- toral letter to the clergy and laity by Archbishop Manning was read. It dealt chiefly with the subject of education, and as a manifesto from the head of the Roman Catholic Church in this country is of much in- terest at the present time. In the course of his letter the archbishop says We are now about to enter into a public discussion-we fear that it must be said into a public conflict—on the subject of national education. It is therefore our duty as pastors to declare betimes, and in words which are beyond all mistake, what are the laws which govern the Catholic Church in the matter of education, and what are the obligations which it is impossible for us either to violate or compromise. We are bound by the natural and the revealed law of God to educate children in the knowledge and love of Him and of His commandments; and as a Christian people, we know that the true knowledge and love of God, and ot His com- mandments is to be found only in Christianity. It is the knowledge of God in Christ which has developed the reason and the will of man. For the want of this knowledge and love the heathen world fell into poly- theism, pantheism, atheism; the intellect and conscience were darkened, the heart and the will were corrupt. Having touched upon the greatness and the shame of the Hebrew nation the Archbishop goes on to say The truth is that a handful of doctrinairci and of social theorists, who have either lost their Christian faith, or have never had faith, are urging us to a na- tional instruction without religion; but the people of these kingdoms are a Christian people, and the handful of those who weuld exclude religion is not appreciable upon the millions who are as one man in desiring that their children shall be educated in the Christian religion. No system could be more contrary to the general feelings and desires, that is to the moral sense of the people of these kingdoms, than a system of national instruction without religion. It is not to be believed that anyone, except the handful of theorists already spoken of, would desire such a system. They could only be induced to hear of it, first, because of the multitude of our children running wild in the streets is so great; and. secondly, because our re- ligious contentions make it difficult to know what religion can be taught to them. Now, there are four supposable systems of national education. The first, in which the whole people, being of one mind in religion, are religiously and christianly brought up in schools which are alike schools of the Church and of the State. But this golden age is over. the Church and of the State. But this golden age is over. The second, which is next best, is that in which all denomi- natiols of religion and the Catholic Church are at liberty to found and to direct their own schools, by voluntary effort, together with State support, and in those schools to teach fully and freely their own doctrines and belief. Such is our present system, under which in the last thirty years, that is since 1839, a vast multitude of schools has been formed, so as to provide for two-thirds of the children in England and Wales. This system is capable of any further extension and improvement, if the Government aid, propor- tionate to the vast vital work of education, were wisely dis- tributed. The third system, and the worst but one, is the Irish national system, in which the schools of a people, five- sixths Catholic, are deprived, in submission to the prejudices of the remaining sixth part, of every token and symbol of the Catholic religion. The last and worst system of all is that which is called the secular school system, or, as in the United States, the common school system, from which re- ligion is altogether excluded. Of this last system, in exist- ence now for many years in America, the results are daily becoming manifest. We have it on testimony of Americans, of Protestants, of clergymen, of physicians, of judges, and of statesmen that both crime and immorality have increased notwithstanding the spread of instruction. Referring to the actual state and progress of educa- tion in this country, Dr. Manning says :— It is estimated that, in the population of England and Wales, the number of children who ought to be under educa- tion is 3,500,000; and that in all schools, whether assisted by Government grants or not, there are not fft this time more than 2,165,000 on the books. There remains, therefore, 1,335,000 to be provided for. The archbishop concludes his pastoral letter by asking contributions to the Catholic Poor Schools Committee.
jJUSTIFIABLE HOMICIDE.
JUSTIFIABLE HOMICIDE. The Pall Mall Gazette has the following observations on the right of soldiers to fire upon mobs The principles which govern the subject are per- fectly plain, and have often been stated, but we may as well state them once more, as from want of attention or clear-headedness they are continually misunderstood. The first principle is that a soldier is under two lets of laws, which are distinct, though connected, and each set of laws imposes upon him a distinct set of rights and duties. In the first place, though a soldier, he does not cease to be a citizen, and he is subject to all the rights and duties of other citizens. In the second place, he is subject to the provisions of martial, or, as it has lately been called, military law, as regulated by the Mutiny Act and the Articles of War. By bearing this distinction in mind all questions as to his duties with respect to mobs may readily be solved. As a private citizen he has a right to arrest all persons actually committing a felony, and to use alone, or in combination with others, whatever force may be rea- sonably necessary for that purpose, even if it extends to putting to death the person committing the felony. He may also use the same means for the purpose of keeping the peace where it cannot otherwise be kept, or for the purpose of protecting his own person against grievous bodily injury. Moreover, if required to use force for these purposes by a magistrate, it becomes his legal duty to do so and he would commit a mis- demeanour at common law if he neglected or refused to do so. If, therefore, soldiers are present when a forcible crime amounting to felony, such as burning or pulling down houses, &c., is being committed, or when a breach of the peace which cannot otherwise be put down is going on, or if they are forcibly attacked and seriously menaced with grievous bodily violence, they may, without orders from their officers or from the civil magis- trate, forcibly prevent such acts, if necessary, by the use of deadly weapons. If required by the civil magistrate, they not only may, but must do so; they would themselves, in that case, commit a crime if they did not. Besides this general duty, however, which applies to all persons, civil or military, soldiers are subject to military law. Now the one great article of military law is that the soldier is bound to obey all lawful commands given him by his superior officer, and if he neglects or refuses to do so he is liable to punish- ment by a court-martial. If, therefore, any of the cir- cumstances above stated render it lawful for an officer to order his -soldiers to fire upon rioters or other crimi- nals, the order is lawful and to disobey it would be a crime, of which a court-martial would take cognisance. Moreover, inasmuch as it is as lawful to abstain from arresting a felon in the absence of a lawful command to do so as it is to arrest him, it would be the duty of a soldier not to leave his ranks for the purpose of so doing, and not to fire until he was ordered, and a breach of this duty would render him liable to be tried by court-martial, though it would not constitute a crime in a civil court. If, for instance, a soldier marching with his regiment along the streets were, without orders, to leave his ranks to arrest a burglar, and were to shoot the burglar through the head not being otherwise able to arrest him, he would be guilty of no crime at all in the eye of the civil law. but he would be guilty of a breach of discipline, for which he might be tried by court-martial. Next take the case of a soldier receiving an unlawful order to fire upon a man which order he obeys with fatal effect. How will this stand in point of law ? First, to disobey an unlawful order is no crime at all, either before a civil or before a military court, where the illegality is patent. Suppose e.g., that a sergeant in command of a guard ordered one of his men to shoot the Queen, or that a colonel of a regiment on the field of battle ordered his regiment to desert to the enemy, it is obvioua that disobedience to these orders would be no crime, either before a civil or before a military court. Suppose, however, that the order, though unlawful in fact, is not unlawful on the face of it. This gives rise to more difficult questions. A breach of the peace occurs not serious enough to justify the use of deadly weapons for its suppression. An officer orders his men to fire. A fires and kills a man, and is tried for murder at the assizes. B refuses to fire, and is tried before a court-martial for disobedience to orders. What ought to be the result ? A, who is tried at the assizes, proves the breach of the peace, the order, and the fact that he was a soldier. The judge, we apprehend, would tell the jury that if he in good faith believed that he was acting in obedience to an order which a man acquainted with the law might, upon reasonable grounds, have supposed to be lawful in fact, he ought to be acquitted on the ground of the absence of any intent which the law would describe as malicious. Now, if there clearly was a disturbance of the extent of which he could not judge, and if his officer gave him orders to fire, the inference that he acted in good faith in obeying would be all but ir- resistible. Whether the officer was in good faith or not would be a similar question, and would depend upon the extent of the disturbance, his opportunities of observation, &c. Now turn to the trial of B before a court-martial for disobeying orders. We apprehend that here the question would be substantially the same—namely, whether the order was disobeyed in good faith and upon a reasonable belief in its illegality or not. A court-martial would probably be very hard of faith upon such a subject, but this does not affect the principle. We do not profess to offer a very con- fident opinion on the question whether disobedience to an order illegal in fact, but supposed to be legal by the person who disobeyed it, would amount to a military crime, but we should be inclined to think it would if the illegality were latent. On active service a person recognised as and supposed to be captain orders a private on some dangerous service. The private, ob- viously from sheer cowardice, refuses to obey. It ap- pears that the captain's commission was void. We do not pretend to say whether this would bo a military offence. It is, however, clear that by not firing on a mob, where no necessity for firing exists, a soldier commits no civil crime, whatever orders he may have received. All the difficulties by which this matter has been surrounded are readily solved by the application of the two principles that soldiers live under a double law, and that there is a great difference between facts which are evidence to go to a jury of an innocent in- tention, and facts which amount in themselves to a justification of the matter under consideration.
[No title]
A New York paper says that nearly all the brilliant complexions seen among the females of New York are the result of arsenic eating. Since the introduction of the "blonde fashion" arsenic eating has become almost » t m
A VICTIM TO REVENGE! -
A VICTIM TO REVENGE! The quiet locality of Newchurch, about eight miles from Chepstow, was, on Saturday morning last, the scene of the following shocking occurrence:— A man named John Lane, son of a farmer residing at Llanvihangel, appears to have cherished a feeling of animosity against his brother-in-law, Richards, of Kilgwrrwg, a homestead, surrounded by woods, hills, and dales, but possessed of very few inhabitants, to whose dwelling he went on Saturday morning with a loaded gun. Finding that Richards and his wife had gone to Chepstow market he ordered the servant girl out of the house, then he went out himself and locked the door, the girl making the best of her way home in terror. Lane then commenced scattering Richards's cattle, and at the time a labourer named William Nicholls, who was just going to do some work for Richards, came up. Upon his speaking, Lane fired at him, the charge entered the head, and Nicholls dropped dead on the spot. This was no sooner done than another man named James Davies, a butcher, came up, and whilst he was looking at the unfortunate victim on the ground, Lane reloaded his gun and shot him in the right arm and face. Davies managed to get away to the house of a farmer, named William Baglio, who immediately conveyed him to Chepstow Infirmary. The body of Nicholls was taken to the nearest inn to await the coroner's inquiry. Lane, who is said to be insane, escaped for the time. There appears to have been no provocation on the part of the unfortunate victims.
CHANCES OF MARRIAGE.
CHANCES OF MARRIAGE. The Registrar-General states that of every 1,000 unmarried men of the ages 20 and under 25 living in England and Wales in 1867 there were 118'6 who married during the year; of 1,000 unmarried women of the same ages living 134'8 became wives at the ages 25-30 years 147'6 per 1,000 unmarried men and 1,000'9 unmarried women contracted marriages in the year. After that age the proportions decrease more rapidly in the case of females; at the ages 30-35, the numbers were 109'8 per 1.000 males and 60'8 females; at ages 35-40, there were 81 "0 males and 42'2 females; at 40-45, there were 63*8 males and 31'3 females. He shows that the proba- bility of unmarried women of these last ages marry- ing during the year is about that of the unmarried menu At the several ages after 45 the proportions per 1,000 of bachelors who became husbands decreased from 43*1, at ages 45-50, and 16-5 at ages 60-65, to 1*66 at ages 75-80. The chances of the spinsters becoming wives during the year diminishes more rapidly, the proportions per 1,000 being 22*5 at ages 45-50, 3*97 at ages 60-65, and 0*06 at ages 75-80. The mean ages of the persons who married in 1867, including those re-marrying, was 28*0 years for the men and 25'8 years for the women. Excluding the widowers and widows, the mean age of those contract- ing marriage for the first time was 25'8 years for the bachelors and 24*5 for the spinsters.
EPITOME OF NEWS,
EPITOME OF NEWS, BRITISH AND FOREIGN. A gun is being exhibited in San Francisco that is said to fire 500 shots a minute. A tradesman of Zurich publishes the following adver- tisement in a Journal of that town :—Wishing to put an end to my life, which is a burden to me, and being determined to die as soon as possible, I shall sell my goods at such low rates as have never been heard of. It is stated that the Bishop of Winchester is about to resign the see which he has occupied with so much benefit to the Church and honour to himself for a period of forty-two years. When the members of the National Union assembled to present to Lord Derby their address in regard to the Irish Church Bill, they were joined by Sir Thomas Gladstone, Mr. W. E. Gladstone's elder brother, who, on the part of the Scottish Constitutionalists, presented to Lord Derby a peti- tion for the rejection of the bilL The story is current that a noble lord has been wrongfully placed in possession of his estates, through a mis- take of his maternal grandfather, Among the curiosities of matrimonial advertising, one of the richest specimens ever met with (if not a hoax) ap- peared in Monday's Morning Post. It is well worth a perusal. An exposition of dogs and cats is now being held in the Rue Picot, Paris. On Friday night there was a riot amongst the miners at Laxey, Isle of Man, and before the disturbance was quelled two of the rioters were injured. Another International Exhibition is spoken of, to be held at Lyons in 1871. A son of the late prizefighter, Tom Sayers, has made his appearance in the music-hall world as a comic singer. The young Queen of Portugal's health (says the Debats) is said to be so delicate that but slight hopes of her recovery are entertained. She is so weak that she has been obliged to renounce the journey to Italy which her medical men had ordered. The Washington correspondent of the New York Times telegraphs to that journal that "the President and his Cabinet are entirely in accord on the point that a foreign war would be extremely disastrous at the present time."— [We should think so.] In Bruton-street, London, there is a gymnasium for ladies and children," a rather novel institution in Eng- land, but common enough in Russia and Germany. It is conducted by Madame Brenner, a lady who enjoys a high continental reputation for the successes she has achieved in teaching calisthenic exercises. An adjudication of bankruptcy has been made against Benjamin Higgs, late cashier to the Central Gas Company, who recently absconded after defrauding his em- ployers of upwards of £ 70,000. The adjudication has been made on the petition of a private creditor. The plaintiff is described as of Teddington, Middlesex, late clerk to the Central Gas Company. The first sitting is appointed for the 16th inst. The object of this proceeding is supposed to be in some way to influence a distribution of the bankrupt's property, but at present no particulars have been disclosed. Th» New York Times says :—"Mr. Beecher lately referred with some feeling to his experiences with the appli- cants for relief (i.e. money), who are constantly pressing upon his time and means. He said that he had made loans to Individuals from all over the country, putting forth all sorts of piteous appeals and pleas; but he had never known his money to come back except in one instance, and that was when he lent three dollars to a poor negro woman. An open air anti-Gladstone demonstration took place at Londonderry last Saturday, attended by about 6,000 perssns; Mr. James Murray, D.L., presided. The Apprentice Boys, with their band attended en masse. Re- solutions, condemnatory of the Church Bill, were passed, and petitions,to the Queen and the Lords adopted. There were no disturbances; a strong body of police and military was present. At Manchester, a poor looking girl, apparently not more than ten years of age, was convicted of stealing a pair of earring* from a little girl only six years of age. It was stated by the police that there were five other charges against the prisoner of robbing children in the streets. The magis- trates sent her to prison for a fortnight, and thence to a reformatory for five years. Madame Miramon, wife of the unfortunate Mexican General who was shot along with Maximilian, has paid a visit to Isabella II., who cordially embraced her. The total cost of the test ballot at Stafford to deter- mine which of the Liberal candidates should retire was jC28 2s. 6d. 958 persons voted, 771 split their votes, and 186 plumped. One vote was rejected as void. Mr. Odger ob- tained 161 plumpers; Mr. Evans, 4; Mr. Whitworth, 6; and Mr. Jenkins, 15. After a long march, during the late war, it is related that a captain ordered as a sanitary precaution, that the men should change their undershirts. It was suggested to him that half the men had onlv one shirt each. The captain hesitated for a moment, and then said Military orders must be obeyed; let the men change with each other." Two clergymen were among the judges of sporting dogs at the recent dog show in London. "iA splendid specimen of the wild swan was shot last week near Castletown, Isle of Man. It measured from each tip of the wings eight feet, from bill to tail nineteen feet, and weighed 191b. At the sale of a private cellar of choice wine, the property of Dr. Lovejoy, of Portman-street, London, at Garraway's, a lot of ten dozen of remarkably fine Chateau Margaux, of 1848 (Maclean's), was sold at 140s. per dozen. Richard Waring, a boy of about three and a half years of age, while playing with other children in the vicinity of a building in course of erection in Clifton, fell into a pit of slacked lime, and was so much burnt that he died next morning. A society has been formed in the Evangelical Verein- shaus of Berlin for the propagation of the Gospel in Spain. It is to be feared that the United Kingdom, one of the line of steamers trading between New York and Glasgow, has met with some fearful catastrophe. She left New York on the 19th of April with a full freight of passengers and a large quantity of merchandise, but nothing has since been laeard of her. The crime de la crime of the London world have deserted the "Zoo" on Sundays, and seem to be betaking themselves once more to Hyde Park. A great many people saunter about by the flowers on the right side of the drive, and no wonder, for it is so pretty now with the rhododendrons —one blush of bloom and there is quite a crush in Kensing- ton Gardens on Sunday aftemoon.Il-Queen. Chicago claims to have the most valuable horse in America--Baahaw, for which 35,000 dols. has lately been refused. It has been decided in the United States that sewing machines shall be exempt from levy and sale on execution or distress for rent. The Queen, according to present arrangements, will leave Balmoral for Windsor on the 16th or 17th inst. The Norfolk Chamber of Agriculture, at a meeting on Saturday, adopted a resolution (by 21 to 11), calling upon the Legislature to remove hares and rabbits from the appli- cation of the game laws. The Austrian Ambassador at Paris has, so the rumour runs at Berlin, positively assured the French Government that Austria will take no definite step in regard to the neutralisation of the Suez Canal without previous agreement with France. On Monday the wife of the Czarewitch gave birth to a boy. The following curious advertisement appeared in Monday's Record,;—" The friends of any evangelical clergy- man, having two thousand guineas at command, can obtain a position of eminence for him. Address On Monday afternoon two boys, named King and Eldon, went to bathe in a stream at Thorney Broads, West Drayton, known as Godfrey's Waters, which is at least twelve feet deep in some parts. King could swim, but the other boy could not. After they had bathed some time, Eldon slipped and got out of his depth. King made a bold attempt to rescue him, but being dragged down by the drowning boy, bath were drowned. • A return of the value of bullion, gold and silver, imported inte and exported from India, has just been issued, from which it appears that the total excess of the imports over exports from 1800 to 1867 amounts to 4311,131,300. The total value of the coin account during the same period amounted to £ 262,567,643. Asher's North German Correspondent says Count Bismarck has so far recovered his health as to be able in favourable weather to walk in his park, supported by a stick, The captain of the steamer Moselle, from Havre for London, reports having seen a most remarkable mirage at three p.m. on the 6th inst. The steamer was at the time about fifteen miles off Beachy Head and the phenomenon was distinctly seen for about two hours and a half. All the ships in eight were reflected and Beachy Head appeared several thousand feet high. On Monday, Vice-chancellor James gave judgment for the plaintiff in the case of "Topham v. the Duke of Port- land," in which the question at issue was whether Lady Top- ham, the sister of the Duke of Portland, was entitled to a moiety of £.50 000 which her father, the late duke, left to be divided between her ladyship and Lady Harriet Cavendish Bentinck, his other daughter. A deputation from the National Union of Conserva- tive associations waited on Lord Derby with an address urging the Peers to reject the Church Bill. Lord Derby, in reply, referred to the reports of the late meeting of Peers as "more or less accurate," said that he took part in it as an individual Peer, not as one wishing to influence the course of others, expressed his opinion that it would be better to reject the bill than to amend it, and his belief that it would be rejected. His lordship added that the support of the constitutional wwociaticoa would be ot value to tbe House of An hotel landlord in California saves the expense of a gong by keeping a dog, whose tail he pulls for dinner." It is a:d that an inquiry is about to be made as to the disposal of the L30,000 which is voted yearly as secret service money." The Admiralty have decided that no further facili- ties will be afforded by them for emigration. Sir Edwin Landseer has sold his "Swannery in- vaded by Sea Eagles," to the Marquis of Northampton, for 4,000 guineas. The value of the gold found in the Sutherland dig- gings, up to the end of May, was about £ 7,000. The present number of workers is two hundred. A little girl fell from a tbree.&torey window in Glasgow, the other night, and, strange to say, was but slightly injured. The former editor and proprietor of the Albany (Indiana) Leger takes leave of the patrons of that sheet in the following unique style Valedictory. Farewell! No tears, no sighs, no money. Let us have peace.'—H. S. K." Some young otters, which were taken on the Wylye, near Warminster, are now being reared in the Zoological Gardens at Bristol, and to all appearance successfully, by means of the bottle. It is said that the Attorney-General of the United States has given as his opinion that the cable of the French Telegraphic Company cannot be connected with the terri- tory of the United States without the permission of Congress. The town council of Leeds have resolved unani- mously to memorialise the Home Secretary to appoint a salaried police magistrate for the borough, and passed a bye- law fixing the salary at 41,000 per annum. The New York Times strongly denounces the move- ment, amongst some of the leading Republicans, to make the Alabama, claims a party issue at the forthcoming elections. The Timet hopes and implores that such a course may not be taken. Letters from Brussels state that, as the health of the Empress Charlotte requires mountain air and strengthen- ing waters, the medical men have ordered her to pass a season at Bagneres-de-Luchon (Haute-Garonne" where apartments have already been prepared for her Majesty. A court-martial has been held at Portsmouth, on board the flag ship Duke of Wellington, to try Mr. Kenneth M'Kenzie, assistant paymaster of the Boscawen, on a charge of being drunk on board the said ship, on or about the 22 ud of last month. The Court adjudged the prisoner to forfeit all seniority as assistant-paymaster, to be dismissed the ship, and severely reprimanded. At a Bale of sporting dogs in London, last week, a leash of pointers, bred by Mr. Garth, Q.C., sold for 75 guineas. Lord Lichfield also sold five braces of pointen, which realised from 25 to 50 guineas a brace. On Friday, as a gentleman named Dewar waa driving to Windsor, near the Bells of Ouselev, at Old Windsor, he met two gentlemen on velocipedes. The horse, being frightened at them, turned sharp round, and fell into a ditch, turning the trap over. The gentleman fell on his head, anC was very much bruised. "Fears are entertained for the safety of the ship Bombay, which sailed from the Clyde for Bombay on the 12th of November last. She was spoken a few days after sailing and has not since been heard or, though vessels which sailed two months later have arrived. "-Times of India, May 16. The widow of the late Captain Speirs, member for the county of Renfrew, has given birth to a son and heir. Considerable interest attaches to this announcement from the fact that had Mrs. Speirs proved childless, the wife of Colonel Alexander, of Ballochmyle, would have succeeded to the extensive estates of Elderslie. The Bombay Gazette mentions that cholera has re- appeared in her Majesty's 58th Regiment at Allahabad, and that it causes a good deal of anxiety. The Madras Athenceum says it has still to complain of want of rain, everything in and about the city being burnt up. For many miles along the railway there is not a single green thing to be seen, nothing but long reaches of flat baked earth varied in some places by a clump of dried-up-looking trees, towards Salem, where there has been rain. At a town in Midi, one Jules X put himself for. ward as the candidate for the drunkards. Dr. John Lothrop Motley, the New American Minis- ter, is a tall, handsome, gentlemanlike person, seemingalxlat forty-five years of age, straight, well-made, and active- looking. At a restaurant in the Boulevard de Strasbourg, Paris, a placard has been affixed to the window informing the public that excellent dejeuners may be had for seventy-five centimes, and dinners for one franc. A wag has written underneath, "Important notice! The doctor and chemist are next door 1" The Spanish Minister of Finance has stated that the ex-Queen owed 36,000,000 reals to the Treasury. Of a person who died lately at Bethany, Connecti- cut, the obituary says" He was as honest a man as ever lived, and had worn no hat for orty years." A young man of good family has just blown his brains out at Paris. He left behind him a paper on which he had written-" My blood be on the head of those who seûuced me into a dissipated and purposeless existence." The history of the bluefish is quite remarkable. In 1764 they disappeared from New England waters, and were not seen for sixty years. When they returned-at first to the waters south of Cape Cod, afterwards, in 1847, to Massachusetts Bay-they were few in number and disap- peared with the first cold. Now they are quite acclimated, comparatively hardy, and remain later in the season."—! American paper. The emigration from the Mersey during the past week has been of the most extensive character, and, as has been the case for several weeks past, the majority of the emi- grants were from the German States, Sweden, and Norway. Though the patent law are not good for the public at large, there are persons for whom they are very gooa indeed. The official estimate is that in the current year lees amount- ing to more than L12,000 will be paid to the Eoglisu Attor- ney-General and Solicitor-General for examining and passing patents, and more than 1,000 guineas to their clerks. Professor Logreina advertises in the Era that he would like to purchase an industrious flea and a periorm- ing elephant! A man died recently in New Orleans, leaving one of the briefest wills on record. It consisted ot five words— "Mr. Roper is my heiress "-with a codicil of four or five words more. This will was contested in the courts, but its legality was sustained. In Wittenberg, the old town of Martin Luther, an industrial exhibition was opened on the 1st instant which has far surpassed the most sanguine expectations ot its pro- jectors. No less than 939 manufacturers, with 2.000 speci- mens of their industrial skill, have been represented on this occasion. The display possesses a peculiar interest in being composed almost exclusively of products of German industry, of which there is now in Wittenberg a more complete col- lection than was to be seen in any of the great European exhibitions. Riding hogs through the streets is recommended as a preparatory practice for managing a velocipede. A bill to provide for the voluntary registration of trade marks, prepared and brought in by Mr Shaw Lefevre and Mr. John Bright, was published on Saturday It has fifty-two clauses and two schedules. The second schedule shows the maximum amounts of the fees proposed to be allowed. The cost of the original registry is not to exceed £ 5 the transfer, or transmission, or partition between joint owners is to be fixed at 41 the annual fee at 41, restoration within three months 41, and after three months £2 A few other fees, ranging from Is. to 10s., are to be payable under certain circumstances. It is stated that while the Viceroy of Egypt was treated in Vienna with all possible attention, great care was taken to show that he was not received as a sovereign. The Emperor did not wait for him on arriving, or any member of the Imperial family. At the formal reception, too, the Turkish ambassador was present, as if to indicate that the Viceroy was regarded as a vassal, though of princely rank. The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council have appointed the 19th instant for hearing the petition of appeal Sheppard v. Phillimore and Bennett." The question raised is whether the Dean of Arches (Sir R. Phillimore) is bound to accept letters of request on charges of alleged heresy against Mr. Bennett, of Frome, in the absence of any reason being assigned why the case could not be heard in the Con- sistorial Court of Bath and Wells. The Sappho, of Liverpool, ran on a sunken rock at Saltee Islands, on the Wexford coast, on Friday night in a fog. The crew were saved. She had a valuable cargo of cotton on board. It is hoped she will be got off. We see by the advertisements that Britannia"1$ Magazine has completed its volume. We trust for the sake of the Americans that Britannia's next volume will not be a volume of sound-the sound of artillery!"—Tomahauk. Major Williamson, in one of his reports to the Com- missioner of Couch Behar, mentions that when a Garrow father is killed by a tiger-apparently a not uncommon mode in those patts of shuffling off the mortal coil-the sons change their names, in order to throw the tiger off the scent of their identity, in case he should have rooted hostility to the family! It is understood that the Chancellor of the Ex- chequer has another surprise in store for his friends and his enemies. The succession and the probate duties will undergo a considerable alteration, and possibly amalgamation, with a general result undreamed of in the philosophy of ordinary Finance Ministers. "Matrimony.—A clergyman, middle aged, well born, good looking, desires marriage with a lady, between thirty and forty, of independent means. Cartes exchanged. —Address 'Honorius,' post-office, Somerton, Tauuton, Advertisement in Morning Post. The Feathers Hotel" at Manchester has been suffering from ghostly influence, the ghost or ghosts indulg- ing in bell-ringing. A ghost dressed in black is also said to haunt the stairs. The cook has been so much affected by these spiritual manifestations that she has had to leave, seriously ill. Some days ago bellhangers were got into the house, who rearranged the wires and muffled the bells, an by this means it was supposed that the perturbed spirit had been laid at last to rest, an idea that was confirmed by the fact that for six nights thereafter the "ghost" made no manifestation, but be has since renewed his manifestations. The landlord is benefiting by his house being continuallT crowded.
THE MARKETS.
THE MARKETS. MARK-LANE. — MONDAY. Owing to the brilliant weather much heaviness prevailed in the grain trade to-day, and prices gave way. From Essex and Kent the receipts of wheat were limited never- theless millers evinced a decided disinclination to operate, and the quotations receded Is. to 2s. per quarter. There was a fair average quantity of foreign wheat on the stands. Business was restricted, at a decline of from Is to 2s. per quarter. Floating cargoes Of-wheat were in limited request, and for other kinds of produce afloat the inquiry was dull. The show ot barley was moderate. For all descriptions the trade was heavy, and prices had a drooping tendency. Malt was dull, and lower to sell. The show of oats waa small. Sales progressed slowly, and prices ruled in favour of purchasers. Beans changed hands heavily, at barely late rates. For peM the demand was only to a moderate extent, and previous quotations were with difficulty realised The ftour market was heavy, and there was a tendency to lower rates. For all kinds of seeds the inquiry was restricted. Cakes were inactive. METROPOLITAN CATTLE MARKET.—MONDAY. Only moderate supplies of English beasts were on sale, out the show of foreign was good.. In consequence of the heat, the beef trade was in a sluggish state, and a decline of 2d. per 81b. took place in prices. The best Scots and crosses sold at 6s. 6d. to 5s. 8d. per 81b. Full average supplies of sheep were on sale. The change in the weather unfavourably influenced the demand. The best breeds declined 2d. per SIb., but the fall in the value of heavy fat sheep was more marked. The best Downs and halt-breds were selling at 5s. 6d. to 5s. 8d. per 81b. Lambs, the show of which was good, were in limited request, at from 5s. 4d. to 6s. 4d. per 81b. Calves were dull, at about late rates. In pigs th9 transactions were restricted, on former terms. HOPS. On the whole the market was firm, at full prices, but the demand is by no means active. From the plantations the accounts are rather unfavourable, owing to the prevalence of fly. Mid and East Kents, £2 10s. to JET 7s. Weald ot Kents, ;t:2 to £4 10s. Sussex, X2 to L3 15s. Farnhams, £ 3 10s. to C6 Country, £3 10s. to ze5; Bavarians, £ 2 t. £3 los. Belgians, £ 2 to £ 3; Yearlings, L2 to £3 10s. and Americans, 42 flS. to £3 10s. per ewt. POTATOES. The supplies of potatoes are good. Most descrlptioas are in moderate request, at our quotationsEnglish Regents, 60s. to 110s. Flukes, 60s. to 130s.; Scotch Regents, 60s. to 120s.; Rocks, 45s. to 65s.; and French, S5s. to eOg. pec ton. WOOL. The demand for colonial wool at the public sales has been mere active, and a reactionary tendency has been noticed in prices, which, however, are fully 2d. per It). lower than last series. English wool is dull at about late quotations. Current prices of English wooL—Fleeces: Southdown hoggets, Is. 2d. to Is. Sd. half-bred ditto. Is. Ii. to la. 3d. Kent fleeces, It. 3d. to la. td. South-down enea and wethers,is. Id. to Is. 2d.; Leicester ditto, Is, 2d.; a Is. 8d. Sorts; Clothing Is. Id. to la. &L; combing lid. to f, 6Jd, pecBi,