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4 NOW OPEN. SPECIAL EXHIBITION OF DRAWINGS lh MASTERS OF THE DUTCH SCHOOL, AT hUNTHORN; & BROWN, THE REMBRANDT GALLERY, IN CA-STLE STREET, LIVERPOOL. O MORE INDIGESTION. 4SK YOUR BAKER Y. FOR 1):n,. TIBBLES9 BREAD, AND SEE THAT YOU GET IT. "'lIITE OR BROWN. PHARINA, LTD., VICTORIA STREET, LIYERPOOL. .0- JlETEOR" CYCLES J'OR LADIES & GENTLEMEN. t12 i —— v 12s. NETT. SPLENDID VALUE. • months' Guarantee. ASK TO SEE THEM, [PJJ. SOLE MAKERS— ROVER CYCLE CO., LTD., METEOR WORKS, COVENTRY. 0^8^ AGENTS r= A- WENTWORTH, COW Lane Bridge, lV%t:. J. COOKE, 12, Nantwich-road. i J" ROBINSON, Station-road. h >0 ZINE COLLAS.-Ask for Collas. ^OVES—CLEANS DRESSES. ^LOVES.—CLEANS DRESSES. Y^^R—^0VES—CLEANS DRESSES. COLLAS.—Buy Collas. fifijlOVpQ rp SPTTOVEO OIL,-PAINT, GREASE. OIL,-PAINT, GREASE, pTQ~-Jig^TlJRE,—CLOTH, Ac. AJ ^OT BUT COMMON BENZINE. 8 fli e.w°rd COLLAS on the Label and Cap. -vStej. l!? the original Extra Refined. Vv*^?^ng, it becomes quite odourless. 4j ^ZlNE COLLAS.—Ask for Collas ld e Preparation and take no other. Ttontg^^ywhere, 6d., Is., & Is. 6d. per Bottle. J. SANGER & SONS, 2, Winsley-street, Oxford-street, W. f \I! z t J lit SUN I C) INSURANCE OFFICE. q. v t 11lsured in 1897 exceedsPA2 5,000,000. ^48Tfi^iCUlars aPP^y to the following Agents:— MESSRS. CHEERS & HOPLEY, i, 6, Northgate-street. F MESSRS. W. DENSON & SON, Northgate. Mr- JOHN BURGESS. MB. THOMAS MULLOCK, Cud- dington Heath.
3ULV OF COMING ENGAGEMENTS.
3ULV OF COMING ENGAGEMENTS. Grand Fete and Dog Show at Boughton ?.riles*:er County Court. tester Cattle Fair. tir Jlfy -OIART with RAILWAY TIME TABLE <LAy ™ ^ssucd with the COTTRANT of
TYLE QUERULOUS PARTNER.
TYLE QUERULOUS PARTNER. ^0u8 ay night's debate in the House of Com- ^8^ ^nanc^ relations of Ireland 8j. °*ber parts of the kingdom cannot by imagination be said to have the cause so dear to the Nationalist It JJJ It was truly observed by Mr. REDMOND °pening of the discussion that since the W. °f the Union there had been no great L. lc question upon which Irish public opinion been so unanimous as on the present ion. The unanimity is, indeed, amazing, aot to say suspicious, and the Englishman, and Welshman may well be par- they are a trifle sceptical regarding iten^Use thus welds the otherwise hostile Hoie°f public opinion into one united **i8^ "0 reason is not far to seek. The **>0^ once have been able to meet on a com- atform, the platform of self-interest. ^"e 6n<ieavouring to obtain a sweeping °n of taxation, at the expense, of ey 40, of the rest of the kingdom, and their find it to their interest to sink ^utual feuds for a time, in the hope that ^HCe88.ay succeed in extracting a substantial from the predominant partner.' vle fa ii of Kilkenny cats might find it tliey lent to agree to a temporary truce, if tll.l\1a.bd any expectation of snatching some b a8Se^ from their neighbour. He bold man, however, who would at the same family would remain in i the COIII-ord when it came to a question flee of the spoil. It will, therefore, %t c et at Do great significance need be tlle compact that has been for Wished ?0raty and predatory purposes by £ q between parties in Ireland which T°e of habit and training avowed in 6te vr °ne anofcber. about n°tbing very new or very strik- *• e arguments advanced either by the iI0ND or Mr. LECKT in support ei", a for Ireland. It is, how- v of vr surprising to note a ™*ti0ll J5IR- LECKY'S acumen asking what the vast commercial prosperity, j ^al ^as main object sought by costly 9 ences, ever touched the shores of j ^sUe(j fi migbt with advantage have th6 t6 aubject further, and enquired what fou aI°Q ^&t so much of the capital that j^^Ssf1] einP1oyment in Ireland has left that >1- Is^e- The answer is known to every k a5ital h W^° ^as political history. 6 fo &S ^re^an<i because men of means I**8 f^6 ^est of reasons believed that it We, a '0 embark on any big undertakings 5etity i •' with the capital, commercial pros- « °° trnfv ^kewise taken its departure* een uh money has in the past lief ofndiscriminately voted for the re- 6 J islx distress, and the people wi^°Ubtedly been affecfced a ag what cannot be better described JNtary Pauper taint. It is a sad com- te8Dftnf frilamenf8 lavish treatment in 118 Gillian<■ afc' as IjKCKT pointed out, result of the education grants to Ireland was that at the last General Election one elector out of every five professed to be unable to write his name. Herein lies Ireland's fault. Notwithstanding all that has been done for her by a generous Parlia- ment to assist the Irish people to acquire a decent education, a great proportion of them steadfastly decline to avail themselves of it. What, we may ask ourselves, would have been the state of Great Britain to-day if England, Wales and Scotland had chosen to remain in the same state of slothful ignorance as Ireland ? We should now have been a third-rate Power like Spain. It is impossible without upsetting all our fiscal arrangements, or without adopting Home flule, to treat Ireland separately from Great Britain in the matter of taxation. Once admit the principle, and every little poverty- stricken parish throughout England, Wales, and Scotland will set up a plea for differential treat- ment. The actual state of matters in Ireland has been grievously exaggerated by the present agitators. Mr. LECKY contends that while it is estimated that Ireland's taxable capacity is one twentieth that of England, her taxation is one- eleventh. The CHANCELLOR. of the EXCHEQUER, however, completely knocked the bottom out of that argument when he shewed that in 1893-4 the contribution of Ireland to the Imperial exchequer was only one twenty-second of the whole, while in 1897-8 it was one thirty- sixth, and that if the same rate of expenditure on Imperial defence is maintained next year, Ireland's contribution will be only one fifty-second of her whole revenue to the common expenditure of the United Kingdom. Never was a weaker case presented for separate taxation, and this attempt to' graft Home Rule finance upon a political union' is foredoomed to failure.
FRIENDLY AID.
FRIENDLY AID. It must be exceedingly gratifying to Mr. YERBTJRGH and those who are supporting him in his endeavour to introduce the State granary into this country to find the project adopted so enthusiastically by a journal of the wide and growing influence of the Daily Mail. Notwith- standing all the cold water that has been thrown on the proposal from high official quarters, this organ maintains an attitude of cheery optimism, and now publishes a lengthy article on the latest aspects of the problem by Mr. CHAPMAN, who, as our readers will remember, is the author of a very feasible scheme for storing up supplies of wheat in national granaries. Many people who might otherwise view the suggestion favourably have been deterred by:the apprehension that British wheat cannot be kept in good condition in a silo granary on account of its excessive damp- ness, and that the stack is the beat place to store it for the purposes equally of the farmer, the miller, and the baker. Mr. CHAPMAN challenges this opinion, and claims that an experiment he conducted on a commercial scale last January establishes the accuracy of his conclusions. Damp English wheat, he asserts, can be dried in a vacuum by a system he devised some two years ago, and made as dry as the driest foreign grain, and at a temperature of 104dg. Fahrenheit. The work was done at the rate of 100 quarters per hour, and at the small cost of 2d. per quarter. Once the initial excess of moisture has been extracted from the English grain, there is no more difficulty in keeping it in good condition in Be silo granary than in so storing the driest foreign wheat that comes to our shores. It is possible, so Mr. CHAPMAN vouches, to keep wheat in these silos for a term of five or six years, and the chief advantages claimed for the system are that it is cheaper than storage in stacks, while the damage by weather and vermin is abolished, and the risks of loss by fire and thieves are reduced to a minimum. 0
P A UIP J3 R CHILDREN.
P A UIP J3 R CHILDREN. The Chester Guardians, yesterday, took a commendable step in agreeing to the principle of cottage homes for the children of the Work- house. The question that arose was whether the system of boarding-out which has been in vogue to a partial extent was the best under the circumstances for the children and for the ratepayers, and some valuable light was thrown on the point by the report of Miss MASON, the Local Government Board inspector. This lady's experience, which was likewise borne out by Mrs. DOUGLAS and other guardians, was to the effect that the boarding- out system, if properly carried out, is the best that can be devised-that is to say, if the children are placed in a really good home, with people who will look well after them, and give them a fitting preparation for the battle of life. In many cases it unfor- tunately happens that these poor children are made the drudges of the household, and are otherwise treated badly. The supervision of isolated children placed thus under the charge of foster parents is obviously difficult, and the chances of detecting instances of oppression and maltreatment are infinitesimal. Taking one consideration with another, therefore, it seems that the weight of experience is in favour of the cottage homes system. One additional circumstance which must have considerable influence on the Chester Guardians is the fact that at present the accom- modation at the workhouse for imbeciles is quite inadequate, and that unless the children had been removed a heavy expenditure would have been necessary to build the accommodation required for the imbeciles. The removal of the children, however, leaves room for this other class of inmates. The only possible objection hitherto to the project was that sufficient information had not been supplied as to the financial aspect of the question, but that has I now been furnished by Mr. VERNON, who has taken a deep interest and a great amount of pr.ins in this investigation. We have the experience of Bath and Sheffield to go upon, and it is comforting to learn that in the latter town cottage homes are credited with having effected an actual saving.
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Our numerous archaeological readers will be glad to know that a deeply interesting history of the Church and parish of St. Mary-on-the- Hill, Chester, which has been in preparation many years, has now all but reached completion. and will shortly be reviewed in our columns- The book, we believe, will be found of great historical and genealogical value to the city and county generally, quite apart from the parish of St. Mary. The work possesses a singular history itself. It was commenced some years ago by the late Mr. I. P. EARWAKER, M.A., F.S.A., but he unfortunately died before the completion of his task, and the work has been continued and brought to an eminently satisfactory conclusion by the ev. Canon MORRIS, D.D., F.S.A.
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The panacea for a decaying British agricul- ture recommended in the shape of the introduc- tion on a large scale into this country of sugar- beet growing for manufacturing purposes has unhappily fallen far short of sanguine expectations. Sir JOHN LAWES and Sir HENRY GILBERT, two authorities whose judgment must carry great weight, have recently gone thoroughly into the subject, and have com- municated the result of their investigations to the new issue of the Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England. The experi- ments that have been conducted in England within recent years do not encourage even sanguine minds to embark on any extensive scheme for the establishment of sugar manufactories here for treating the home- grown article. Both the soil and climate of our country are against the experiment. If the idea were feasible, it could never become a general industry, for only in Norfolk and Suffolk is the climate at all suitable, and even there it is highly questionable whether the new crop could be made to pay.
CHESTER C ATHID R A L .
CHESTER C ATHID R A L SERVICE LIST FOR WEEK COMMENCING JULY 6. WEDNESDAY, JULY oTH.-Morning, 8.0: Matins. 10.15. The Litany hymn 7. Evening, 4.15: Service, Boardman in G; anthem, I will sing' (Sullivan). THURSDAY, JULY 7TH.—Morning, 8.0: Holy Com- munion. 10.15: Service, Barnby in E; anthem, Incline Thine ear' (Himmel). Evening. 4,15 Service, Barnby in E anthem, The radiant morn' (Woodward). FRIDAY, JULY 8TH.—Morning, 8 0: Matins. 10.15 The Litany hymn 108. Evening, 4.15: Service, Rogers in A minor anthem, Send out Thy light' (Gounod). SATURDAY, JULY 9TH.-Morning, 8.0: Matins. 10.15: Service, Kempton in B flat; anthem, If ye love me' (Tallis). Evening, 4.15: Service, Kempton in B flat; anthem, 'The Lord hath chosen Zion' (J. F. Bridge). SUNDAY, JULY 10TH (Fifth Sunday after Trinity).— Morning, 8.0: Holy Communion. 10.30: Service, Selby in A; anthem, I Comfort, 0 Lord' (Crotch); introit, hymn 218; Kyrie and Credo (Thomson in A flat); preacher, the Canon in Residence. Evening, 3.30: Service; anthem, 'The wilderness' (Wesley); hymn 537. 6.30: Magnificat and Nunc Dimittis to Chants; processional hymn 22t; hymns 202, 214, 216 preacher, the Bev. Professor Collins, M.A.
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Lord Kenyon attained his 34th birthday yesterday (Tuesday). Lady Ormonde is very much better but still ill, and is now staying at Ramsgate. Her beautiful young daughter, Lady Beatrice But- ler, is staying at Grosvenor House, and going out with the Duchess of Westminster. Lord and Lady Leigh will entertain a large family party at Stoneleigh Abbey next month, when there are to be festivities extending over several days in celebration of their golden wedding. The guests will include the Duke and Duchess of Westminster, Duchess of North- Cumberland, Lord and Lady Jersey, Lord and Lady Stalbridge, Dowager Lady Wenlock, Lord and Lady Wenlock, Lady Macclesfield, Sir Michael and Lady Octavia Shaw-Stewart, Dowager Lady Saye and Sele, and the Dean of Hereford and Mrs. George Leigh.-The World. The Duchess of Westminster will give a dance at Grosvenor House on Tuesday, the 19th inst. Mr. R. L. St. Clare Nicholson, who is articled to his father, Mr. John M. Nicholson, solicitor, of this City has successfully passed the Inter- mediate Examination for the Law. Mr. J. Eldon Bankes is among the gentlemen who have been co-opted additional members of the General Council of the Bar, in order that every branch of the Bar and every Circuit may be adequately represented thereon. A marriage will take place in July between Mr. Charles Ritchie, eldest son of the Right Hon. C. T. Ritchie, President of the Board of Trade, and Ruth, fourth daughter of the late Mr. Louis J. Jennings, M.P. for Stockport. The hon. treasurer of the Hospital Saturday Committee begs to acknowledge the receipt of cheque value X21 17s. 3d., collection made from the workpeople at the Sandycroft Foundry and Engine Works Company, Limited, per Mr. W. Kelly. The Rev. Lionel St. Olair Waldy has resigned the curacy of St. Paul's, Chester, which he accepted in 1896 from the curacy of Nantwich Parish Church. The rev. gentleman has been presented to the vicarage of All Saints, Ravens- den, near Bedford, on the nomination of the Bishop of Ely, and will succeed the Rev. R. W. Samuel, a former Curate of St. Paul's Church, Warrington. SUCCESS OF A LAW STUDENT.—We under- stand that Mr. Allan Sharpe, son of Mr. F. W. Sharpe, Clerk to the Chester City Justices, has passed the final examination of the Incorporated Law Society. DEATH OF A RAILWAY OFFICIAL. — Mr. William Green Skipworth, Irish manager of the London and North-Western Railway Company at the North Wall, Dublin, died on Saturday, after a brief illness. POLICE CHANG E.-Sergeant Finchett, of the Chester Castle Division of the county con- stabulary, has been removed to Hoylake, where he will still serve in the position of sergeant. PARR'S BANK, LIMITED.—It will be seen by our advertising columns that the sub-branch of this bank at Ellesmere Port which has been open on two days a week only during the last eight years, will on and after Tuesday next, the 12th inst, be open daily. LICENSING.—At the Chester Police Court on Saturday, on the application of Mr. W. H. Churton, James Davies, wine merchant's cellar- man, residing at Westminster-road, Hoole, was granted temporary authority to sell at the Prince of Wales' Inn, Henry-street, Newtown. CHESTER SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND ART.- The following are the results in the practical plane and solid geometry examination in con- nection with the Technical Day School:— Elementary let class: R. J. Smith, G. W. Wood- cock, J. J. Jones. Elementary 2nd class: J. Craine, A. V. Ellison, J. J. Hennelly, John P. Edwards, G. R. Wynne, R. C. Owen. Practical, plane, and solid geometry :-Elementary 1st class: J. J. Evans, Charles Campbell, A. N. Coveney, B. J. Shallcross. Elementary 2nd class: Lizzie Hall, G. H. Price. ST. PAUL'S FETE AT BOUGHTON HALL.—As will be seen from our advertising columns the above Fete takes place to-day (Wednesday) in the grounds of Boughton Hall, kindly lent for the purpose by Mr. Jas. G. Frost. There are numerous attractions, including horse-leaping competitions, dog show, flower show, bicycle and foot racing, variety entertainments, and many other interesting items. We understand that the charge for entrance to the ground admit to the whole of the tents, with one or two exceptions, where a nominal charge only is made. J DEATH OF A FORMER CHESTER JOURNALIST. —Announcement is made of the death of Mr. J. J. Goodwin, which occurred at Ootacamund in Madras Presidency, where he was acting as correspondent for the Madras Mail. Mr. Goodwin commenced his journalistic work as a pupil on the staff of the Bath Herald. He after- wards came to Chester, and for some time was a member of the Courant reporting staff. Sub- sequently, on coming into a legacy, he returned to Bath and started the Bath and County Weekly News, which was afterwards incorporated with the Bath Herald. HIGH PRICE FOR A VILLAGE INiq.-On Tues- day night the sale by auction at Northwich of the Spinner Inn, Comberbach, near Northwich, attracted much interest, and was attended by representatives of many prominent Cheshire and Lancashire brewers. The house, which is fully licensed, is a small village inn con- nected with three acres of land, shippons, &c. Bidding commenced at £ 1,000, and though the rental is only R40 per annum the substantial sum of R3,550 was reached ere the property was sold to Greenall, Whitley, and Co., Wilderspool, Warrington, brewers, who own every fully-licensed house with one exception in Northwich. CHRIST CHURCH CHORAL ASSOCIATION.—The above association, along with their friends, held their annual picnic up the river on Wednesday. The steamer left at 3 p.m., and after journeying as far as Allmere Ferry, the party landed and partook of tea. After tea, the vicar (the Rev. J. F. Howson, M.A.) pre- sented two pictures to Mr. and Mrs. Edgar Owen, on behalf of the members of the association, on the occasion of their marriage. Mr. Owen suitably responded. The party then went to Farndon. The Groves was reached at 10.30 p.m., and although rain fell at intervals during the afternoon, everyone spent a most enjoyable time. SCIENCE EXCURSION TO DIELAmsBE.-On Wednesday afternoon a party of about 30 members of the Natural Science Society paid a visit to Delamere Forest, the rich hunting ground for botany and entomology in the neighbourhood of Chester. Under the leader- ship of the president (Mr. J. D. Siddall) and Mr. Arkle, two sections were formed, one going straight on to Hatchmere and Blakemere for the bog and marsh and heath plants which flourish there, and the other through the forest paths in search of insects. Both were well satisfied with their finds. The botanists found sparganium natans, rhananus frangula, ornithopus perpusillus, dooseras, pingniculas, bog myrtle and cranberry, &c.; and the ento- mologists took several specimens of lithosia mesomella, encosmia undulata, macaria liturata, &c. Plant life seemed at least a fortnight behind its usual condition at this time of year, and not nearly so full and luxuriant as usual. The recent heavy rains had also made bog- trotting a rather wet occupation, but the warm genial air and rich fragrance of the pines, bog myrtle, and other scented plants abundantly compensated for the discomfort of wet feet, and all wished they had a longer time to pursue their pleasant search.
HOMES FOR WORKHOUSE CHILDREN.…
HOMES FOR WORKHOUSE CHILDREN. + — IMPORTANT ACTION BY CHESTER GUARDIANS. The Chester Board of Guardians, yesterday (Tuesday), at their meeting held under the presidency of Mr. J. Pover, continued the dis- cussion of the proposal that cottage homes should be provided for the Workhouse children. The scheme, as propounded at the last meeting, was that three homes be provided in a rural dis- trict to accommodate twelve children each, and one central institution, to accommodate twenty children. The Rev. E. C. LOWNDES, who said he was very much in favour of the scheme, asked for information with regard to the time children would be kept at the central home. Mr. W. V ERNON explained that children would be drafted from the central homes to the other homes. Mr. LOWNDES urged the importance of the central home being outside the city if the chil- dren were to be kept there permanently. Mr. Roberts at the last meeting made the suggestion that all these homes should be attached to one another, and there was a great deal to be said in favour of it, as the super- vision would be much easier, and brothers and sisters would not be separated. The difficulty was the question of getting school accom- modation for these children. If they went into a rural district, he did not suppose there was a parish that had accom- modation for an increase of 50 more children, and they would either have to get the charitable people to provide more school accommodation or they would force a school board upon the district. What age was it proposed to divide the boys and girls at ? Mr. VERNON: That is simply a matter of detail. We have not settled that. Mr. LOWNDES said the matter was a very important one, and he hoped they would fix the age as early as possible. Experts on the social question fixed the age at eight or nine. The Rev. W. JONES said he should like to hear a little more about the comparative benefit of the boarding-out and the cottage- home schemes. They must all be in favour of removing the workhouse stigma from these children, and if they could do that they would be conferring a lasting benefit upon them. Mr. W. E. PHILLIPS was sure they all thanked the committee for their labours. In changing from the Workhouse to a home the highest consideration should be the future welfare of the children. Workhouse children would, of course, have to work for their living, and it was advisable for guardians to supple- ment, as far as in their power, elementary education with manual labour for boys, and with laundry work for girls. What could the boys learn at the Workhouse in scrubbing passages and so on ? It was most degrading for a lad to do girl's work. ("No, no," and laughter.) Mr. VERNON: I have been degraded many a time then. (Renewed laughter.) Mr. PHILLIPS, continuing, said the scheme would be a costly one. He thought it desirable that workshops and land, so that the boys could learn agriculture, should be attached to them. Mr. COPPACK: Are you in favour of the scheme or not ? (Laughter.) Mr. BUTLER asked if the boarding out scheme had been tried properly. He knew it had been a great success in the Tarvin Union. They had only forty children, and he considered the scheme a very expensive one. A point that ought to be considered was the staff that would have to be kept to look after the homes. If they put out the children with respectable people they would have a good home, and be well brought up. Mr. A. W. JeNEs declared himself in favour of the scheme. Many of the poor were brought to the workhouse through misfortune, but the majority of them through their own vicious habits. The children, however, were all there through misfortune. Was the present system adaptable for their present needs or their future benefit ? The committee who had considered the question said No.' The Government, too, considered a change from the present system necessary. The guardians would be called upon to provide accommodation for the imbeciles, and if the children were removed from the Workhouse the schools would be available for the imbeciles, and an expenditure of several thousand pounds would be avoided. His objection to the boarding-out system was that in many instances the children were made the drudges of the family. In one case a boy worked in a mine during the daytime, and besides he was the drudge of the family when he was above ground. There were far more evils than benefits attaching to the boarding-out system. He trusted that the Board would not be parsimoni- ous, and that they would come to the conclusion that it was their duty to provide cottage homes. The scheme had been adopted both at Sheffield and Bath, where it was expected that it would result in a decrease in the rates. Mrs. DOUGLAS said that having been con- nected officially with the boarding out system she knew the extreme difficulty in getting children boarded out near Chester. At one place she visited she found such grave evils existing that the Guardians of Stoke-on-Trent removed the children. She could not see where they could find homes for 40 children near Chester. There were certain counties in England that were more available for boarding out than others, and she knew that from Miss Mason, the Local Government Board inspector. She (Mrs. Douglas) earnestly hoped that the cottage home scheme would be adopted. Mr. ISAAC JONES said there were fifteen or twenty children boarded out at Saltney, and they were clean, tidy, and well looked after. MhrA8' ?™GLJ,8 :f But ^any children have had to removed from Saltney T 4-v»iwt Saltney is a good place. 1 d<m thmk Mr. ISAAC JONES I think Saltney is a verv I £ ,cePram(m°ghler)f K ttZsO yZs ?eatS °f age' I »«"> there 50 years. Mr. COPPACK said if Mr. Vernon could give them some information with regard to the estimated cost it would be of assistance. HARTSHORN while giving the committee credit tor the best motives, thought the scheme would involve an extra expenditure that neither the guardians nor the ratepayers would be agreeable to. He should vote against the motion. Mr. J. W. CARTER said the question would involve a great expenditure of money, and he hoped they would be furnished with more information as to the actual cost before the matter was put to the vote. Mr. Rowic MORRIS; Will you move that it be adjourned ? Mr. CARTER Yes, I move that the question be adjourned for a month. The MAYOR (Mr. J. Gooddie Holmes) also said he would like more details from the committee as the Board did not understand the question. Mr. VERNON said the committee had not gone fully into the details. They wanted to know if the Board appreciated the scheme itself. The Local Government Board did not approve of aggregated homes such as at Fazakerley, preferring isolated homes, such as those in existence at Sheffield and Bath. At Sheffield the committee were told that the system, instead of being a greater burden, was certainly a great benefit, not only to the children, but from the ratepayers' standpoint as well. A fact in favour of the scheme was that they would be called upon to make accommodation for the imbeciles. At present from 12 to 14 imbeciles were in the body of the house where they had no right to be, and the master had had to refuse to take cases in the house. Every case they let go to the asylum cost 10s, 6d., if it was an urban case and 7s. if a. rural, whereas they could maintain them at the workhouse for from 3s. 6d. to 4s. It was evident therefore that it was to the Board's interest to make provision for the imbeciles. If they built for the imbeciles it would necessarily be in accordance with the Local Government Board's and Lunacy Com- missioners' requirements, and at least they would have to spend from X12,000 to £15,. If instead they provided for the children out- side they would have the whole block the children occupied for the imbeciles, and they would not be called upon to make very great alterations. He estimated it would cost about 9650 or 9700 to build each of the three homes, and that the land and furnishing would cost about another XZ50, making a total for each home of Zi,ooo. He thought they could get the land st.ESO the half acre. Mr. WILLIAMS (Saughall): You will not get it in a convenient place. Mr. VERNON said the committee esti- theJ cent™1 fcome would cost £ 2,000, and putting another thousand pounds to that they said the scheme would cost about 96,000. They had considered the borrowing powers allowed them, and had come to the conclusion that in 30 years the property would become the Board's. The cost of working the scheme was about E71 more than the actual cost of the schools to-day. In round figures the scheme would cost X100 more than the present system, and against that they had to put the great advantage it would be to the children. Under the Sheffield scheme the children, whereas, they formerly got from 6d. to a ls. a week on leaving the Workhouse, now got from 2s. 6d. to 4s., so that practically when they went out te service they were in a position to earn their own living. The boarding-out system, if carried out pro- perly, was the very best system that could possibly be adopted. The Chester Board had 19 children boarded out, but had any member of the Board taken the trouble to look after them ? If they read the blue book of Miss Mason on the boarding-out system their hearts would bleed. Mr. ROWE MORRIS asked if the bad cases alluded to by Miss Mason were in town or country. Mr. MINSHULL said in the country. Miss Mason said the boarding-cut system might be the best or worst system, according to the manner in which it was carried out. She stated that she was convinced the boarding-out system was only satisfactory under thorough supervision. If cottage homes cost three times as much as the boarding-out system he should be in favour of it. Mr. COPPACK aaked if Mr. Vernon had taken into consideration in his figures the question of their present schoolmaster and mistress ? Mr. VERNON replied in the affirmative. The nett cost of the schools at present was X317 a year. Under the scheme they proposed to give the superintendent and his wife £ 100; the four foster mothers 15s. a week, and they put that at the extreme at J6156 a year; and rations at E132, the total cost being £388, which when the £ 317 was deducted left £ 71. Mr. COPPACK asked if the 19 children boarded out by the Board were badly treated. Mr. VERNON said he did not state that they were badly treated. Mr. MINSHULL said the cases referred to by Miss Mason were cases where children were boarded out outside the unions to which they belonged. Mr. ROWE MORRIS hoped the reporters would notice that the cases complained of were not in the Chester Union. The Rev. J. B. MORGAN saw very much in favour of the boarding-out scheme, but he was afraid there were cases where children who were put into homes where there were other children were made the butt of these children. He hoped the cottage home scheme would be adopted. Mr. Rowz MORRIS, seconding Mr. Carter, not because he disapproved of the scheme, but because he should like the Guardians to be unanimous in their decision. The MAYOR thought they had better have the question settled that morning. They were voting on the question whether it was a good thing for the children to be kept in that institution, or whether they should be taken away from it and have a fair start in life apart from the injurious taint of the Workhouse. The amendment was defeated by a large majority, and finally the recommendation of the Childrens' Homes Committee was approved of nem. con., and the committee were authorised to take the necessary steps to carry out the scheme.
BISHOP JAYNE AND LAWLESSNESS…
BISHOP JAYNE AND LAWLESSNESS IN THE CHURCH. 0 The Bishop of Chester writes to The Times: —In his reply to Sir John Kennaway (The Times or June 29) Canon Gore speaks of The great host of the indolent and apathetic among the clergy. He doubtless means that such offenders are 'a great host'in comparison with those who are to any serious extent' law breakers' in the way of either defect or excess. But, as the phrase stands, it is, I fear, open to very grave misconstruction and misquotation. Before long we may have it stated on the authority on Canon Gore that a great host' of the clergy of the Church of England are indolent and apathetic,' and he will thus be made the patron of a calumny against his brethren which has hardly been equalled throught the recent perturbation. We all admit that there are still too many of the clergy who may be characterised as indolent and apathetic.' We all feel that these have quite the first claim upon disciplinary attention. But Canon Gere would be the last to sanction the belief that such persons form a great host,' in comparison with the main body of the clergy. I venture, therefore, to hope that he may clear from the probability of misconception words which, as they stand, may place a poisoned weapon in the hands of the opponents of the clergy and the Church.
CITY POLICE COURT. / *
CITY POLICE COURT. MONDAY.—Before the Mayor (Mr. J. Gooddie Holmes), Messrs. F. Bullin, and J. R. Thomson. POCKET PICKING AT THE LIFEBOAT DEMON- STRATION.—Timothy Davies, a Chester man, was charged with stealing a purse containing 5s. from a young lady named Dora Spruce.— The complainant said she was in Foregate-street on Saturday with her husband watching the lifeboat parade, when she felt a hand in her pocket, and afterwards missed her purse. Looking around she saw prisoner walking from her. She suspected him and told her husband, wh. demanded from prisoner the return of the purse. He at first denied having it, but afterwards produced it, and admitted he had stolen it.—Detective Pryce Wynne said the husband of the complainant gave prisoner into his custody.—Mr. Fenwick informed the Bench that prisoner was a practised pickpocket, and was a native of Chester. He was last con- victed at that court nearly two months ago for stealing in a sale-room. The Bench sentenced prisoner to two months' hard labour. DISTURBANCE AT A PUBLIC-HOUSE.—Emma Edwards, landlady of the Star Inn, Cuppin- street, summoned Sarah Owens, a Wrexham woman, for breaking a glass door on her premises on Saturday, doing damage to the amount of 7s.-Defendant called at the house for drink, and created a disturbance. Com- plainant ordered her out of the house, and she smashed the door after she left.—Fined ls. and costs, and ordered to repair the damage. JOURNEY ON A HANDCART. — Annie Dutton, who said she came from a place called Leeds, was charged with being drunk and disorderly in Frodsham-street on Saturday night. P.C. Hughes said he was obliged to remove the woman on a handcart. There was a crowd of about 200 people on the spot.—Prisoner was discharged. YOUTHS ADMONISHED. Two youths named Arthur Trevor (22, Linenhall-street) and Wm. Shone (Paradise street, Handbridge) were accused of stealing vegetables from a garden in the Handbridge neighbourhood on the 21st June. No evidence was given in support of the charge, and the Bench discharged defendants with an admonition. YESTERDAY (TUESDAY).—Befere Messrs. Geo. Dutton and J. J. Cunnah. CHARGE OF STEALING A HORSE.—John Cromie, of Orrell, near Liverpool, accused James McCall' Kew-street, Liverpool, of stealing a mare, value X5, on the 23rd June. The Chief Constable said prisoner was arrested only the previous day, and the owner of the horse and some witnesses had not appeared. A remand was therefore necessary. Detective Superintendent Gallagher said he received prisoner into custody at Liverpool yester- day on this charge. The man said he had sold the pony to a man for X3 17s. 6d. in money, and a watch valued at 32s. 6d. He believed the purchaser lived at Holywell.—Prisoner was remanded until Thursday. MAINTENANCE ARREARS.—Henry Aspin, of no fixed residence, was summoned by his wife, Mary Jane Aspin, for arrears of maintenance money, amounting to £ 10 10s. The wife obtained an order of separation against her husband on the 8th March, with a weekly allowance of 5s. He had since only contributed a trifle of money, although he had been in regular work.—The Bench sentenced defendant to a month's imprisonment.
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The annual degree ceremony of the Victoria University was held in the Free Trade Hall, Manchester, on Saturday last, and among those upon whom Vice-Chancellor Bodington con- ferred the degree of Bachelor of Arts, was Mr. Charles T. Williams, of Hooton Lawn School, near Chester. In his final examination Mr. Williams was one of the few candidates placed in the first division.
MAIDEN SESSIONS AT CHESTER.…
MAIDEN SESSIONS AT CHESTER. «. SIR HORATIO LLOYD ON PRISONERS' EVIDENCE. The City Quarter Sessions were held at Chester Town Hall on Monday, before the Recorder (Sir Horatio Lloyd), who was accom- panied on the Bench by the Mayor (Mr. J Gooddie Holmes), the Sheriff (Mr. J. W. Huke), and Mr. F. Bullin. The Chief Constable (Mr. G. L. Fenwick) submitted the following quarterly return:— Average Quarter ended 30th June. for 5 Offences. 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 years. Assaults 46. 68. 35. 44. 37. 46'0 Drunkenness 99. 99. 81. 58. 67. 80'0 Larcenies 20. 23. 16. 20. 27. 21'2 Vagrancy 48. 73. 62. 46. 61. 58.0 All other offences disposed of sum- marily 137. 91 94. 78.115.103'0 Indictable Offences. Assizes 1 4. 1. 1. 1*4 Sessions 1. 1 9. — 2'2 Total 352.355.292.256.308.312-6 In his charge to the grand jury, the RECORDER said it gave him great pleasure on the present occasion to meet them because he had to announce to them that there was absolutely no business for them to do. He thought this was about the sixth occasion during his holding of the office that this gratifying condition of things had occurred, and taking the average that meant something like one maiden session every five years. But he was glad to find they were getting on a little better than that and diminishing the average, because it was only two years that day since they had the previous maiden session. He hoped they might look forward in the future to having one every two years, if not oftener. The condition of crime in the city generally during the last quarter had been satis- factory, for it was rather below the average of the last five years on the whole, while in several matters it had diminished appreciably. In assaults and drunkenness and committals to the Sessions there had been a decrease. There was a slight increase in common larcenies dealt with summarily and other minor offences, but on the whole the average number shewed a decrease. He would take that opportunity of referring to a subject which was a somewhat important one at this time, and upon which he regretted to say there was a very great difference of opinion. It related very closely to the administration of criminal justice, and some of the judges and others most competent to deal with the subject were hopelessly at variance about the policy of the proposed change. There was a Bill now before Parliament which, as far as appear- ances went, would shortly become law, enabling prisoners in every case to give evidence on their own behalf on oath. The grand jury were aware that by the general law of this country a prisoner could not be called upon to give evidence on oath; he was not bound to make out his own innecence. Our law as compared with that of other countries was merciful enough to tell a prisoner he might keep his mouth closed, and insist upon his accuser making out the case against him. That had always been the policy of the English law. In other countries prisoners were questioned and cross-questioned until in some cases it amounted almost to bullying and entrapping them into an admission of guilt. Our law had always steadily set its face against that system, and the only exception that had been made of late years to that rule was in cases which involved indecent offences against women and children. A few years ago an Act was passed which enabled prisoners charged with offences of that kind to go into the witness-box and give evidence themselves, subject, of course, to the usual cross-examina- tion by the other side. The reason for that exception was mainly this. Those offences were generally committed more or less in secret; men did not commit them publicly, and there- fore it very often happened that the only two persons who could speak as to the transaction itself were the accuser (the woman or child) and the man himself. It was consequently thought unreasonable and unfair to the man that his mouth should be shut, he being the only other person who could give any account of the transaction; and he was given an opportunity of going into the wit- psess box if he liked to do so. That had been the law for several years past, and as far as he had taken part in the adminis- tration of it, he was bound to say he did not think any disadvantage to the public or to the prisoner had been the result. Some people, he knew, thought differently-men better qualined to judge of this than he. Some of our most experienced judges thought that system had been to a certain extent a failure, and that any extension of it would be disastrous. He did not profess to speak with any degree of authority in the matter. He only spoke from a practical and continued acquaintance with criminal work now for over forty years, and he felt bound considering that so many authori- ties were giving an opinion on this matter to say a few words on the subject. It had been said there was a great anomaly in the existing law, in that it allowed a man charged with an assault of one kind to give evidence in his own behalf and denied him that opportunity in another form of assault. Lord Ludlow, himself a judge of the High Court for many years, put it tersely and pungently when be said Is it not ridiculous that if a man strikes a woman on the head he cannot give evidence, but if he attacks her indecently he can ?" He had already pointed out the reason of the exception made in the latter case owing to the transaction being more or less a private one, but that reason did not apply to the ordinary class of cases in which as a rule witnesses could be found. Still it was contended that it should apply to all, and that the great principle involved was this, that a man ought to be able to relieve himself of a charge, if he liked, at any cost. It must be understood there was no compulsion about the new Bill. A man was not bound to give evidence; he could do so if he liked, and if he did he must subject himself to all the dis- advantages of cross-examination just the same as any other witness. Now he bad no hesitation in conforming to the principle involved. If an accused man liked to give evidence, it was right in 'principle that he ought to be allowed to do so, but there was undoubtedly a very great danger in the applica- tion of that principle. This Bill was put for- ward as one in the interests of the prisoners as well as the public. Was there not a consider- able danger to the prisoner in introducing this system with reference to all cases'? Take the case of a young prisoner, a boy or girl, who had no legal adviser perhaps, and wished to give evidence. He or she must be sworn, and hav- ing given their statements they were at once subjected to cross-examination by some astute advocate on the other side. It was his experience that prisoners very often told an unnecessary lie. Take this instance. A man was said to have been in Boughton and assaulted somebody there. Well, he might have been in Boughton, but he might not have assaulted anyone, yet nine times out of ten that prisoner would in his hurry and nervousness deny being in Boughton at all. It would be proved he was there, and then there was the danger out of his own mouth, even by cross-examination, of a jury running away with that fact, and saying This fellow told a lie, therefore he committed the assault. If he will tell one lie, he will tell another." It had been proposed to limit the operation of the Bill to those courts in which there were trained judges presiding, so that the nature of cross- examination by advocates might be limited to a proper and legitimate degree, but that proposal did not meet with the consent of Parliament. The large majority of Parliament said Oh no, if it is right in one court. it is right in another, and surely it is right that a man in the very first instance when brought before the magistrates should be able to deny his guilt in the only real way that he can, on oath." To meet that various safe- guards had been proposed. One was that there should be no cross-examination as to the character of the prisoner, except in certain denned circumstances. Of course, there were many prisoners who might be perfectly innocent of the charge on which they were brought up, yet if they had a bad record and went into the witness-box to be cross-examined by an advocate as to the whole of their past career, they would have very little chance of getting off. That cross-examination was there- fore, as it seemed to him very properly, not allowed. Then again the counsel or advocate was not allowed to comment at all upon the prisoner's not entering the box. That was a purely voluntary action. Still there seemed to him to remain the obvious fact that the prisoner did not go into the box, and the jury would not be slow to draw that inference whether counsel pointed it out to them or not. An inference perhaps unfair to the prisoner might be drawn from that circumstance when it ought not to be. The Bill was to be applied to all courts, not only to the High Court and Assizes, but down to the lowest country bench of magistrates, it might be consisting of two gentlemen who possibly might only just have qualified as justices, and had no experience. What control a court like that would have over cross- examination, or the way in which a prisoner was treated by an advocate, it was difficult to see, and one could only hold it out as a warning to everybody to be exceedingly careful as to the way in which this Act was administered. It would behove benches of magistrates to be on their guard, and, he. ventured to add the clerks to the magistrates also, because, in their hands very often a great deal of the pro- cedure rested. It rested with them to advise their magistrates, and he thought they could not be too careful in limiting the power of advocates, and above all they should steer clear of what he described at the beginning —o ur drifting into that system which prevailed in some foreign countries of bullying and trapping a prisoner into an admission of his own guilt. Possibly if that was kept well in mind this Act might work to the advantage of the public. Ho sincerely hoped it might, but he confessed he was one of those who had doubts whether it was wise to extend the principle so widely. He, however, sincerely hoped the Act would realise all the expectations of the promoters. The Grand Jury, as a matter of formality, then retired to their room, and after a brief absence returned with the announcement that there was no business for them to transact. On their behalf Mr. Hart Davies expressed their pleasure at the absence of any prisoners, and at the Recorder's explanation of the proposed new Act. The SHERIFF then presented the Recorder and the Mayor with white gloves, remarking that he had great pleasure in congratulating Sir Horatio on a maiden session, and it was very gratifying t) him that he should be sheriff on such an auspicious occasion. The RECORDER, in reply, said he hoped it might not be the last occasion on which Mr. Huke might have a similar pleasure. He trusted the Sheriff would have the experience of his excellent friend the Mayor. When Mr. Holmes was Sheriff there was a maiden session, and the same thing happened again now he was Mayor. The only inference he could draw from that was that they ought to have Mr. Holmes in office every two years. (Laughter.)
THE BISHOP AND THE R.S.P.C.A.…
THE BISHOP AND THE R.S.P.C.A. ♦ The Bishop of Chester preached at the Cathedral on Sunday morning on behalf of the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The service was attended by the boys of the training ship 'Clio' and their officers. His Lordship took for his text Romans ix verse 22, 'For we know that the whole crea- tion groaneth and travaileth in pain together,' and proceeded to shew how human destiny was linked with the destiny of the brute creation, and how the latter as well as humanity were recognised by the Bible as God's own creatures. To the younger members of the congregation, and especially to the lads of the Clio, he would commend the lesson which The Ancient Mariner,' by the genius of Coleridge, was inspired to teach all generations. After his wanton destruction of the albatross, they all remembered the remorse he suffered, and every- one knew those lines in which the moral of the story was summed up :— He prayeth well who loveth well Both man, and bird, and beast; He prayeth best who loveth best All things both great and small; For the dear God who loveth us- He made and loveth all. That was the lesson, and he hoped the lads who were to be our future sailors would serve their God and their country loyally, and would never forget it. But, speaking to all, was it not their duty to guard against thoughtless cruelty, cruelty often the result of tem- per, towards the weaker animals ? If they read the statistics of the R.S.P.C.A., they would see that during the last six months no fewer than 3,530 people had been convicted and punished for very gross cases of cruelty. How easy it was for people to go wrong either thoughtlessly or out of pure temper-not merely the working classes but the highest families in the land. What wanton waste might be perpetrated, and doubtless was perpetrated through want of thought in the name of art. He could not speak with authority on the subject, but it was said by those who ought to know, that there had been a good deal of wanton destruction of birds in order to give a little artistic beauty to ladies' hats. How sad to think of bringing all these little lives to an untimely end merely for the sake of gratify- ing what came under the head of art. He could not presume to speak with authority on the matter, but he was quite certain they would all agree that it ought to be looked into. His Lordship also condemned crueltidfe practised in the name of science and sport. With regard to vivisection he said there might be occasions when it could be justified by the requirements of man, but there existed the danger of science, like art, becoming thought- less and callous. It would be far from him to speak disparagingly of sport, but could they speak too disparagingly, or set their faces too strongly against cruelty perpetrated in the name of sport ? Surely it was the duty of all to watch over and protect the innocent-those who shared our destiny, those who shared our sorrows-and do all that was possible to make their lives a joy.
LIGHTING-UP TABLE. ♦
LIGHTING-UP TABLE. ♦ All cycles and other vehicles must be lighted up as stated in the following table P.M. Wednesday, July 6 9.16 Thursday, July 7 9.15 Friday, July 8 9.15 Saturday, July 9 9.14 Sunday, July 10 9.13 Monday, July 11. 9.13 Tuesday, July 12 9.12
----WEEKLY STATE OF THE CHESTER…
WEEKLY STATE OF THE CHESTER INFIRMARY. ENDED SATURDAY LAST. IN-PATIENTS. In-patients are admitted on Tuesday mornings at Eleven o'clock. IS-PATIKHTS DISCHARGED. IN-PATIENTS, Cured 15 Admitted 17 Believed 8 Remain in the House <1R Made Out-Patients 0 Unrelieved 1 Dead 3 House Visitors-Mrs. K. Douglas and Mrs. Granger. OUT-PATIENTS. Medical cases are seen on Monday, Wednesday. and Saturday mornings at Eleven o'clock. Surgical cases are seen on Thursday mornings at Eleven o'clock Ophthalmic cases are seen on Friday mornings at Eleven o'clock. DentaJ cases are seen on Tuesday and Saturday mornings at Ten o'clock. Out-PatientA admitted since Saturday last 69
Family Notices
?es> anti Deatbs. BIBTHS, MARRIAGES, and DEATHS are charged at the rate of 20 words for Is. (prepaid). If not prepaid, the charge will be 28. 6d. The announcement must be authenticated by the Signature and Address ot the Sender. T BIBTK. BAKE—June 28, at the Grammar School, Knaresborongh, the wife of H. J. Tyack Bake, of a son. MABBIAGE. PJJCENIX-SOTurnw-June 29, at the Cathedral, Gibraltar, by the Ven. Archdeacon Govett, Samuel James Phoenix, son of John Phoenix, Wrexham, to A lioe Maud Mary. youngest daughter of the late Samuel Sothern, of Wrexham. DEATHS. BUTTERwoRTH-Juue 29, at Boach Cottage. Gresford, Mary Butterworth, aged 65 years. WATKIN-June 24, at the Lodge, Pwllheli, Edward Watkin, aged 78 years.
Advertising
MEMORIALS. AT ALL PRICES, IN MARBLE, GRANITE, STONE & ALABASTER. On View, and to Order. HASWELL & SON. MASONSKALEYARnS, CHESTER. KSTIM&TKS AND T)VSlviNS. Telephone o. 1 ¡:¡ ■
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THE WREXHAM Siiiow.-In regard to the forth- coming agricultural show at Wrexham, we are desired to state that the time for accepting entries has been extended, in consequence of the small number of entries there are at present in all classes. They will be accepted until first; post on Monday, July 11th.