The North Wales Weekly News

Training of Student Teachers. Mr. W. G. Dodd, Llangollen, presided over a meeting of the Denbighshire Education Author- ity at the Queen Hotel, Chester, on Friday. The other membeis present included Messrs. J. E. Powell, Edward Allen, Christmas Jones, J. Wilcoxon, Bennett Jones, James Darlington, Edward Roberts, J. Stephen Jones, John Ro- berts (Plas Heatonj, W. J. Williams, D. W. Roberts, George Cromar, and E. R. Parry with the Secretary (Mr. YY. R. Evans), the County Architect (Mr. W. D. Wiles), the Organiser (Mr. J. C. Davies, M.A.), and the Accountant (Mr. White). Apologies for non-attendance were read from Mrs. R. J. Powell, Miss Gee, Professor J. E. Lloyd, and Mr. Sturge. CLEANERS' SALARIES. On the recommend.ation of the school man- agers of the respective districtss it was agreed that the salaries of the cleaners at the following schools should be fixed as follows: -Love-lane Council School, Denbigh, £16 peç num; LLangynhafal Council School, £ "7 per annum; Nantyr Council School, £14 per annum. The clerk of the Llanrwst district managers wrote stating that his Board could not recom- mend the Committee to grant an increase of saLary to the cleaner of the Llanxwst Girls' Council School. PAYMENT OF MEDICAL OFFICERS' FEES. A letter was read from Dr. J. Lloyd Roberts, asking the Committee to increase his remunera- tion by two guineas for inspecting the children at Tanyfron Council School, which has been newly added to his list. He also asked if ar- rangements could be made for the payment of the remuneration each quarter. It was explained to the Committee that al. though a new school had been built at Tany- fron the children had come from anotfier school in the neighbourhood which is now closed, and that therefore there did not appear to be any grounds for Dr. Lloyd Roberts's application. Further, as the remuneration is paid subject to reports being sent in, and as these reports can>- not be made until the end of the year, it is not feasible to make quarterly payments of re- muneration. It was resolved That the Committee regret they cannot accede to Dr. Lloyd Roberts's ap- plication for the reasons above stated." THE NORTH WALES NURSING ASSOCIATION. The Secretary read the report of a Public Health Committee, in which it was stated that a deputation consisting off Mr. Denton, Mrs. Fitzhugh, and Miss Smith, acting as Nurse of the North Wales Nursing As. sociation, attended the Committee to lay before it a statement referring to the work of the As- sociation wi,th the view of endeavouring to ar- range for co-operation between the Association and the County Council. The Committee were informed that the other counties in No.rth Wales had agreed to act in conjunction with the As- sociation, by contributing a sum from £ 75 to Zioo each fo'r the purpose of training midwives, and it was also stated that it was the intention of the Association to give the women training in general nursing at a cost of £ 40 each in addi- tion to the cost of training in midwifery, and to endeavour to station them in places in the county where midwives and nurses were re- quired, and they would be guaranteed salaries t f from £ 42 to C50 per annum on their undertak- ing to remain in the service of the Association for three years. The Committee were informe- by the Clerk that the County Council had no power to vote money for the purpose and that the Education Committee as the Higher Educa- tion Authority, alone seemed to have the power, and it was resolved that they recommend the Education Committee to enter into an arrange- ment with the Nursing Association and hand over to the Association the amount to be granted in future for the training of midwives on such conditions, as the Committee might see fit to impose. The Secretary said that he told Mr. Denton that possibly the recommendation would be re- ferred to the Higher Education Committee, and he replied that he would be quite willing to attend with a deputation. Mr. J. E. Powell proposed that the matter be referred to the Higher Education, Committee, and that the deputation from the Nursing As- sociation be received. This was a very Iim- portant matter, and he would suggest that the Secietary should ascertain how the Nursing As- sociation was coinstituted. Mr. James Darlington seconded, and it was unanimously agreed to. SCHOOL ATTENDANCE: A RECORD. Mr. J. Stephen Jones, the Chairman of the Attendance Committee, presented statistics re- lating to attendance at the elementary schools. He stated that the number in average attendance in December was 20,724, as against the next highest of 20,538 in the corresponding period of 1906. There were nearly 3,000 more children attending the schools than at the appointed day, and this was the means of getting £ 6,000 more annually in grants to the county. He considered that very satisfactory, and he could say that they had been materially helped in this respect by the people of Denbighshire, who were ap- preciating the education their children were re- ceiving. He should like also that the prize day should be made a more important function in, I the schools. (Hear, hear.) He thought that would also increase the attendance and let them invite the magistrates of the county there. That would be a good plan of getting them to co- operate, and to bring them into touch with the importance of attendance at school. The prize of two guineas for the best percentage of at- tendance was awarded to Attendance Officer Roger Pryce, Denbigh, the percentage in his district being 03. (Hear, hear.) At the ap- pointed day Denbigh was the lowest in the county, and probably one of the lowest in England and Wales with an average of 14.30 children, there was only a percentage of attendance of 70, but now, with an average attendance of 1,874, it had reached 93 per cent. The increase of 444 children meant over rgoo in grants. Colwyn Bay, Llan- silin, and Cerrigydruddion had 91 per cent. The lowest percentage was 87 in the Wrexham district, where there had been, an epidemic of whooping cough. There "were three conspicuous schools LI an f ai rtalhaiarn Council School, I.lainarmon yn Ia1 Council School, and Gyffyll- iog Council School-which were black spots on the attendance in Denbighshire. He did not think it was right for them to pass by these schools without doing something to make the attendance better. Wherever the fault lay, it should be removed. The Staff and Supply Com- mittee should take particular notice and see what was the real cause of this bad state of of affairs in these schools. He proposed the adoption of the report. Mr. D. W. Roberts seconded. Mr. Wilcoxon said that until they had the new school at Graiainrhyd it would be impossible to better the attendance at Llanarmon. Mr. Edward Roberts suggested the desirability of writing the Board of Education with respect to the Graianrhyd school, and asking them for their decision on the matter. The Chairman said that unfortunately there were other schools as well. The report was then adopted. STUDENT TEACHERS. AN INTERESTING REPORT. The following interesting report was sub- mitted by Mr. J. C. Davies, the Organiser of Education, upon work done by student teachers at the elementary and secondary schools:- During the year ended 3ist July last twenty student teachers were employed in the county. The Committee selected as training ground for these young teachers schools where they would be likely to receive jskilful guidance and to work under effective supervision. Records of their training were, as a rule, carefully and methodically kept by the head teachers, but in I one or two cases more attention ought to have been paid to this matter. Reports dealing with the general progress of the student teachers, their conduct and special aptitude for teaching were also received, and have been filed in th Education Offices. '• Methods of Training.—In most cases the head teachers responsible for their training fol- lowed, as far as practicable in the circumstances of their respective schools, the various sugges- tions contained in Circular 13 (Wales) issued by the Board of Education. During the early stages of training the student teachers were, as a general rule, sent round the schools to watch the routine and teaching in all classes, with a view to the acquisition of self-confidence and self-control. In the succeeding stages there was necessarily considerable variety in the methods adopted. III the smaller schools the student teachers were, as a rule, kept under the direct notice and control of the head teachers, assist- ing them generally in the work of their classes their responsibility was gradually increased in proportion to the progress made towards effi- ciency. During the latter part of the year duties of increased importance were entrusted to them and in most cases the head teachers found it expedient to make them continuously responsible for a small class or section of a class. In the larger schools-the student teachers were attached for short periods to different classes in successicn-always under the guidance and supervision of either the head teacher or an experienced assistant teacher—thus gaining acquaintance with the work of the whole school. As in the case of the smaller schools, the amount of responsibility and actual teaching was gradually increased. In every case the stu- dent teacher was required to give lessons which had been previously prepared by him or her, and revised by the head teacher. These lessons were given on various subjects and to different classes, and the student teacher's attention was drown to the most serious defects in the method of teaching. It was generally found that this practice produced excellent results. The Com- mittee are glad to be able to report that on the whole the system of training adopted has been a distinct success, and that in nearly all cases a marked advance has been observed in the teach- ing capacity of the student teachers. All the student teachers, with two exceptions, who ob- tained permission from the Board to receive pri- vate tuition attended the County Schools of their respective districts for one day each weeik and devoted themselves to further study in mathematics and Enelish literature. In the case of many of them their reading has been some- what meagre and limited as to its scope, but during the year of student teachership much reading of a general character was done, and according to the reports of the head teachers considerable benefit was derived therefrom. It appears to the Committee that the following are the weak points in the system. In the first place, there can be little doubt that the system is well adapted to urban and populous centres, but it does not seem to meet the needs of the rural districts. As may be observed from the list, there was only one student teacher that came from the rural district throughout the whole county. It would appear that unless con. siderable extra grants are made by the Board to meet the needs of rural districts the system is likely to prove a failure as far as these districts are concerned. The staff in the rural schools, though it has been materially strengthened in recent years, still stands in need of improve- ment, especially by way of having its ranks filled with people who understand and have a liking for rural life. At present the rural schools are staffed to a large extent by town bred teachers, with results that are not altogether satisfactory. Partly owing to lack of zeal for education, but mainly owing to economic con- ditions, it is difficult to induce the farming class to allow their children to enter for a scholastic career and it would appear that until induce- ments by way of either additional scholarships or bursaries are offered, it is impossible to se- cure an adequate supply of teachers for the schools from the tural districts themselves. In the second place, it would seem that the tendency of the bursar system is to induce pupils to prepare for secondary schools rather than primary schools. In most cases, the training they receive at the secondary schools fits them for a University course, and many of them choose for their degree course the subjects in which they are most likely to pass, rather than the subjects which will prove useful to them in their subsequent career as elementary teachers. It would be well to draw the attention of the head teachers of the secondary schools, where bursars are taught, to the necessity of laying ad- ditional emphasis upon such subjects as draw- ing, needlework, music, and other subjects which receive but little attention at present, but which are of vital importance to an elementary teacher. The attention of the Committee was drawn to the fact that the present system of taking their teachers exclusively from the County Schools tends to render it unduly diffi- cult for children, of the working classes to enter the teaching profession. A workman who lives at a distance from a County School has, under the present system, little or no hope of -getting his children into the teaching profession. The Committee are glad to be able to state that the attendance and conduct of the student teachers have been quite satisfactory." It was resolved that the report be adopted, and a copy thereof transmitted to the Board of Education, and that the attentioi-1, of the Board be called to the need of additional grants for rural districts also that the attention of the local governing bodies of the County Schools, and also of the Central Welsh Board, be called to the necessity of adapting their curriculum more to the needs of the elementary school teachers. Mr. J. E. Powell, in proposing the adoption of the report, said this was the first year this scheme had been in operation, and he felt that scheme had been in operation, and he felt that the credit of the change in the system of pre- paring teachers was due to the county of Den- bigh and the Central Welsh Board. (Hear, hear.) There was a difference of opinion in the county of Denbigh, but he was glad to say that the majority of the Committee were of opinion that a decided change should come about so far as the training was concerned. Their boys and girls received a thorough training up to the age of 17 in the elementary schools, and afterwards completed it in the County Schools, and before they left they must have "passed an examination that would enable them at the age of 17 to go to one of the Training Colleges. He was glad to find that their Organiser stated that the training was a distinct success. They all re- membered the difficulty they had in trying to convince the Board of Education that the old method was a bad' one. Wales it was that pointed the way in this direction. (Applause.) He was glad to be informed by the Organiser that nine-tenths of those that were trained last year were going to college to complete their course. (Hear. hear.) To him that was very satisfactory. He understood that next year they were taking another step forward. Wales had led the way in matters of secondary education, and England was quietly following, a step at a time. (Hear, hear, and laughter.) I ABERGELE SUMMER SCHOOL. A number of reports on the work done at the Summer School at Abergele in August last and the Summer School of Temperance and Hygiene at Rhyl, under the auspices of the North Wales Temperance Association, were Laid before the -Committee. Mr. J. E. Powell, in proposing the adoption of the reports, said he felt that the summer course was doing real good work both for the teachers in town and rural schools. The sum- II mer course gave the rural teachers, who laboured under considerable difficulties, an opportunity of coming into association with others who had I better advantages than themselves, and gave them a chance of improving their own position. Following the last summer course, two Welsh and two English inspectors came down and viewed the work done, and were so satisfied with it that they were prepared to recommend the Board of Education to increase the grant for the work done at Abergele School. Could they I not work with the four counties of North Wales in this matter? They had a training college for the counties of Anglesey, Carnarvonshire, Den- bighshire, and Flintshire, and they were work- ing heartily together for the traliling of teachers. Could they not come to a similar arrangement by which they could establish a strong summer school at Abergele? He would be gLad if they could secure the co-operation of the other counties in order that the work which had been done so well might be done better still. He moved the adoption of the report. Mr. George Cromar seconded, the whole mat- ter being referred to the Higher Education Corn. mittee., who were asked to consider the desir- abiLity of co-operating with the adjoining counties in the matter, and to communicate with the other counties on the proposal. I PENDING APPOINTMENTS. The Staff and Supply Committee, through Mr. J. Wilcoxon, reported that 29 applications had been received for the post of head master of the Ruthin Council School, and that Mr. J. W. Davies, B.A., Wrexham, Mr. J. W. Jones, Pen- trecelyn, and Mr. A. H. Rowlands, Coedpoeth, had been selected to appear before the Educa- tion Committee at the next meeting. For the he.admastership of the New Broughton Council School 39 applications were received, and the following applicants will be invited to attend at the next meeting:—Mr. J. W. Davies, B.A., Mr. H. W. Jones, Rhostylleii, Mr. W. E. Jones, Rhosllanerchrugog, and Mr. A. Roberts, Man- chester. Miss Amelia B. Jones, B.A., was appointed headmistress of the Glyn Ceiriog Council School. HOLT ENDOWED SCHOOL. On the motion of Mr. Edward Roberts, seconded by Mr. G. Cromar, a report was ap- proved of as to a joint meeting of the trustees and managers of the Holt Endowed School, as a result of which additions and improvements will be carried out, bringing the school up to the requirements of the Committee. The Chairman remarked that the next meeting of the Committee would be the last before the election, and they would probably have to render an account to their betters. (Laughter.) AUDITOR'S REPORT. The District Auditor made the following re- port on the education accounts for the year ended 31st March, igog:- I- The expenditure out of revenue during the year under audit for elementary education pur- poses amounted to 1;82.423 12s. 3d., as com- pared with Z72,322 8s. 7d. during the preceding year. This excess is mainly accounted for by the increase of £ 7,144 6s. lod. in the payments in respect of the purchase of sites and building of new schools. This expenditure is largely re- paid in the form of building grants from the Board of Education. The expenditure on sal- aries has also increased from £ 46,015 73. 5d. in the preceding year to r48,399 4s. id. in the year under audit. The elementary education receipts, exclusive of those from loans, amounted to £ 82,164 9. id., including the sum of £ 26,929 8s. 6d., being the produce of two rates at 6d. in the £ each levied Oil the whole area of the county; and £ 3,968 14s. 4d., the produce of rates levied on special areas. The total mortgage debt on loans, raised for elementary education purposes at the 31st March, 1909, was fiio,596 6s. geL A principal sum of £1,500 was paid off in respect of the loan raised under the provisions of the Working Balances Act. This loan has now been entirely repaid. The receipts on the higher educatioUi ac- count .amounted to £ 10,950 14s. 5d., including y'3,850 i2s. iod., the produce of a rate of lI/zd. in the £ and £1,283 I IS. 2d. raised for inter- mediate education by means of a rate of d. in the £ ■ The expenditure on this account amounted to Z16,318 i2s. 6d. The total mort- gage debt on loans raised for higher intermedi- ate. education purposes, at the end of the fin- ancial year, was 618,955 14s. 3d. The expendi- ture out of or in anticipation of loans raised for elementary education purposes was £ 10,527 16s. iid., as compared with £2,414 4s. iod. in the preceding year. Endowments.—A sum of £40 7s. 9d. was re- ceived in respect of Cetrigydruidion, and a further amount of fl 15s. 9d. from the Gresford endowments The larger amount has been paid over to the parish concerned. I understand that steps are now being taken to ascertain the pro- portions of the endowments payable to the Local Education Authority, and to arrive at a settlement of the claims still in dispute. I found that in some cases the clerks to the district sub-committees, in rendering their ac- counts of the cookery centres, had set off the receipts against the expenditure, accounting only for the difference between the two. This prac- tice should be discontinued, and I would sug- gest that the Committee issue some instructions in the matter, in order to secure uniformity in the method of dealing with these accounts. Charges of is. 6d. each for ink jars occur frequently in the bills for stationery supplied to the schools. These jars are returnable, and the head teachers should be instructed to see that all such articles are returned to the contractors, and that the amount charged for them is de- ducted from the accounts. The arrears on the Eglwysfach and Maenan tithe collections at the 31st March, 1909, amounted to £ 241 9s. 4d., of which £ 156 17s.6d. had been collected on, the date of the audit, leaving £84 us. iod. still owing. The collec- tion was therefore in a more advanced state than that of the preceding year at a correspond- ing date, but a detailed examination of the rent roll suggests that the arrears might still be further reduced in the future. In many cases rents due in respect of one year are not paid until the rents due for the following year have accrued and in others the payments are hab- itually put off until the close of the rent year. 1. fforfs appear to' have been made during the year under audit to expedite the collection, and it is probable that at the close of the next rent II year the amount -outstanding will be consider- ably reduced. I have inspected the bonds of those officers required to give security, and have examined the several policies of insurance taken out by the Council. With regard to receipts and payments on ac- count of cookery centres, the secretaries stated that the gross receipts were being accounted for, and that the payments were being made in full as suggested by the Auditor. With regard to ink jars, these had always been returned, and the amounts vcredited by the contractors, and deducted from the accounts be. fore payment. COLLECTION OF TITHE RENTS. The Secretaries reported that although reo peated applications had been made with regard to certain rents which were due on the 1st j January, 1909, no payment had yet been made, .and the Committee were asked to authorise a final notice to be sent, and if the rents were not paid forthwith that proceedings be taken. It was resolved that the Secretaries be author ised to take proceedings where necessary if the tithe rents are not immediately paid. CLOSURE OF SCHOOLS. Attention was called to the new regulations with regard to the closure of schools, and to the necessity of having some satisfactory system adopted with regard thereto. After considerable discussion, it was resolved that the Medical Officer of Health (Dr. Llew- elym Williams) and the Organiser be asked to draw up a scheme and submit same for the con- -,idoration of the Committee. REGISTRATION. It was reported that the Board of Education had asked for the registers of five schools to be sent up for inspection and examination, and that the Board state that in not one of the five i schools did the registration appear to be satis- factory. After careful consideration of the Board's letter it was resolved that the following communication be sent to the managers and to the heads of every school in the county: — The Board of Education have this year asked for the registers from five different schools in the county, chosen indiscriminately, to be sent up for inspection and examination, and it I appears that the Board contemplate taking a similar step in future years, examining a much larger number of registers every year in the future. As a result of their investigation of the registers the Board state that in none of the five schools selected does the registration appear to be satisfactory, and I have been directed to call the attention of both m.anagers and teachers to the points wherein the Board consider the regi- stration to be defective, with a view to an avoidance thereof in the future. The Committee trust that both managers and teachers will give serious attention to the defects which have been pointed out by the Board." CHILDREN IN MOUNTAINOUS DISTRICTS. At a recent meeting it was reported that there were a number of children of school age in the mountainous districts of Llansannan and Gwytherin not attending any school, and it was decided to ask the Denbigh Main Roads Com- mittee to instruct Mr. R. B. Adams to measure ,the distance from the homes of these children to the nearest public elementary school. Mr. Adams rceeived such instructions irom the County Council in December, and he sent in measurements based on the ordnance map. But to be of any service the measurements must be obtained of the distance along the nearest footpath, and consequently Mr. Adams' measurements did not meet the requirements of the Committee. Mr. Adams had informed the Organiser that he was pre- pared to do the actual measurements provided that his travelling expenses were paid him. After consideration it was resolved that the travelling expenses of Mr. Adams be paid him. SCHEME OF AWARDS. The Organiser submitted the following list of awards for regular attendance, which had been made in accordance with the provisions of the scheme of awards, and stated that he had satis- fied himself that the conditions of the scheme had been fully complied with in each case:- Chirk GirlsT N.P. School, 1 silver watch; Glyn Council School, 2 silver watches Pengelli Up- per Standard Council School, 5 silver watches; Llanrwst Girls' Council School, 2 silver watches Frongoch Girls' Council School, Den- bigh, i silver watch RhiwLas Council School, 2 silver watches; Johnstown Council School, i watch Garth Council School, writing case; Llanrwst Girls' Council School, 2 brooches; Llanrwst Boys' Council School, pair oi boots; Frongoch Girls' Council School, Denbigh, Bible j and hymn-book. A REFUSAL. It was reported to the Higher Education Com- mittee that Robert Davies, of Abergele, who was recognised as a bursar in 1908-9, had not, accordring to the terms of his engagement, be- come a student teacher, and that in consequence the Committee had lost Zio grant in respect of him. It was resolved that a letter be written to the Governors of the Abergele County School with respect to the matter and that it be pointed out to them that this is the second instance from that school where such an event has occurred, and that they be informed that this Committee will not be prepared to recognise as bursars any pupils who will not give a guarantee to become I student teachers at the end of the year of bur- sar ship. DEFECTIVE CHILDREN. NEED FOR A NORTH WALES INSTITUTION. A report by Mr. J. C. Davies, the Organiser of Education, was laid before the Committee re- specting the instruction of children who are de- fective, physically or mentally. Where medical inspection of school children has been in vogue for some time, he says, the number of children put in the category of mentally or physically defective has increased very considerably. There are now 55 such children supported by the Education Committees of North al namely, Anglesey, 5 Carnarvonshire, 10; Denbighshire, 16; Flintshire, 20 (including those under the care of the Medical Officer); Merionethshire, i and Montgomeryshire, 3. Nearly 50 of the 55 are either blind or deaf and dumb, and the remainder are epileptic. In- stitutions for defective children are becoming full, and in a short time it will probably be difficult for the North Wales authorities to get admission for their defective children into the English institutions. Moreover, in the case of Welsh-speaking children considerable loss of time and money results from the fact that there is no provision for instruction in Welsh. The system of instruction adopted in the case of deaf and dumb children at present is that of lip reading, the old system of sight having been completely discarded- This increases the dis- advantage under which a monoglot Welsh child suffers as compared with an English child, and the same thing applies, though not possibly to the same extent, to blind children. Therefore the question suggests itself whether it would not be advantageous, on financial as well as educational grounds, for the various authorities in North Wales to combine together and pro- vide an institution for defective children. A residential building might be built or rented, or the plan might be adopted, which is Largely followed in London and Leeds, of boarding-out the children in suitable homes under the regu- lations for boarding-out blind and deaf children. The latter method is considerably less expensive than a boarding institution. The cost of main- taining and teaching children in a boarding in- stitution works out at about £ 30 per head peT annum, and the cost of teaching alone is rio per annum. A child mav be boarded out at a cost of 7s. a week. Assuming that at an early date North Wales education authorities will re- quire room for about 100 defective children, the cost of maintaining an institution in which they can be boarded and trained would be C3,243, made up of £ 543 for the interest and sinking fund of the loan for the building, amounting to £10,000 (100 places at [100 eacih) and of 1"2,000 for maintainance and tuition at £27 per annum. Government grants would be received at the rate of £ k 5s. per annum, bringing the net cost down to 62,718, or £27 each per annum. The Committee now pay Z434 per annum for the 16 cases under training from Denbighshire, which works out at a little over £27 each. The report was referred to the Medical Inspec- tor of school children for consideration and report.

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