Rhyl Record and Advertiser

/Nt\ IMVOICIWO J| SIMPLIFIED. The Special Model \^@§) OLIVER TYPEWRITER, Buhl expressly for Invoicing and All Kinds of Tabular vVork- JB3T Write for Further Particulars- OLIVER TYPEWRITER COY., Ltd. ï5, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, LONDON,"E.C. .a LIVERPOOL: APSLEY BUILDINGS, OLDHALL STREET • Businesses. TEETH EDWARDS, LTD., 65, HIGH STREET, RHYL. Attendance Daily from 9 till Also at the following TQwn DENBIGH—Every Wednesday, at Mr. Jones (late Green), Ironmonger, Denbigh, 12 till 5. ,RUTHIN-Everv Third Monday, and Fair Days, at Ir. Lewis Jones, Printer, 12 till 4. CORWEN-Every First Fridav. and Fair Days, at Mr. Edwards, Cooper, 12 till 6. HOLYWELL—Every Friday, at Mr. Carmen, Oh-amist, 1 till 5. FLINT—Every Friday, at Mrs. Thomas, Con- fectioner, 10 till 1. NOTE.—WE ARE THE ONLY FIRM CON- NECTED WITH THE BUSINESS OF THE LATE MR. R. EDWARDS.

EASILY SPOILT JEWELS. As a rule, pearls improve by wearing; but the action of the skin of various persons acts dif- ferently on them. One woman will greatly in- crease the lustre and value of her pearls by wearing them. Turquoises are a jewel particu- larly susceptible to outside influences, and there have been many instances of these being spoiit. Let a little oil come in contact with your tur- quoise, or a little of the soap in washing, and the stone -will turn green. THE SECRET OF BEAITTY. The secret. of beauty is health. Those who desire to be beautiful should do all they can to restore their health if they have lost it, or to keep it if they have it still. No man can lay down specific rules for other people in these matters. The work which one may do, the rest be must take, his baths, his diet, his exercise, are matters for individual consideration; but they must be carofully thought of and never ne- glected. As a rule, when a person feels woii be looks well, and when he looks ill he feels ill. There are times when one can guess, without looking in the glass, that the eyes are dull and the skin is mottled. To have a fresh complexion and bright eyes, even to have white hands and a graceful figure, you must be well. Health, and the happiness which comes with it, are the tecrets of beauty. THE ORIGIN* OF THE WEDDING-RING. The history of the wedding-ring is so deeply buried in the past that nothing definite is known about its earliest origin. One authority on the aubject is of opinion, however, that in the earliest days, when a bride was handed over by her parents to her accepted husband in return for a gift in kind or money, the payment often consisted of coins made more or less in the shape of a ring for convenience in carrying. The gold or silver coin, which no doubt represented a con- siderable sum of money, was, it is said, slipped on to the finger of the bridegroom on the wed- ding-day. and then handed over to his future parents-in-law, this act of payment in time be- coming part of the rite; but it was not until later days that an exchange of rings or the placing of a ring on the bride's finger formed a distinct portion of the religious ceremony. DREAMS EXPLAINED. A scientist explains some of the strange pheno- mena of dreams by saving that they are due to what he calls hereditary memory." He takes the" falling- through space" dream, and points out that after suffering the mental agony of fall- ing the sleeper escapes the shock of the actual stopping. The explanation is that the falling sensations have been transmitted from remote ancestors, who were fortunate enough to save themselves, after falling from great heights in tree-tops, by clutching the branches. The mole- cular chanties in the cerebral cells due to the shock of stopping could not be transmitted, be- cause victims falling to the bottom would be killed. In a similar manner, by reverting to the habits of animals which existed centuries ago. the same investigator finds an explanation for the mental state experienced by individuals in various dreams the "pursuing monster" dream. ttic "reptile" dream, colour dreams, suffocation dreams, flying dreams, and the like. ANCIENT TRADE SECRETS. The oldest secret trade process is probably either the method of inlaying the hardest steel with gold and silver (which seems to have been first practised at Damascus ages ago, and is still known only to the Syrian smiths and their pupils), or else the manufacture of Chinese red or vermilion. This is a secret which the Chinese have kept for an unknown period. All true ver- milion still comes from China, and the chemistry of the West has sought in vain to produce a pigment that possesses the same brilliancy and durability as this. Of course, there are imita- tions both of Damascus work and Chinese ver- milion, but the authentic processes in both manufactures are still secret. A bitter or unjust word irritates. Let it pass; he from whom it escapes will be only too happy to see that we have forgotten. Envy stands at the gate of a wicked mind, and Phuts out every good trait that may otherwise -outid in the mind of its neighbour.

KORSES, CATTLE, DOCS, BIRDS. I THE ELLIMAN E.F.A. BOOK. iJ.j jM-i" co.a bonnl covers, Illustrated. 230.000 copies issued. ANIMALS. 'j! A KNOWLEDGE OF CONTENTS aiivcs ii <• til man First Aid Book ( £ F A > an i,n 11s ron 111;(• 1'' 1 y f'T l reft* it! r s.-s of ;«r(ri«lent*i lu HOKSKS, iCArn.i- i)or,s Bi uws.surh as truuhlRs, ijhemiia- lism Cn'iuiii.jM I'lei'.nsy, Congestion <\l Hie Liver j l. n s" "tVii Ioi-es: Common Ailments „t ibt» tvnrlri KoreiiM 1 'i iib in found up'.it a W^c! V os. si7~» *"« '■•••* •'( 11, » nipi.cr c:f hut les 2* 2 (<<- 3" «•«»• ELUMAN'S ROYAL EMBROCATION. EL LI MAN lor SDrainB. Rheumatism Curbs. whoo forming. Sprung riir.ews. pd H-rte. Over-reaolies, Bruisf s. Cuts, Brokt n K'lees, Soi- Shoulders,Sore t-ackH in HOVPCB; Sprains m .Jogs, Cramp in Birds, etc. !).<• N'lil)lI. r.t paitcs onlv. may he hAd fi-nin :h.- v»f»ok of pages, and tins rii n alone. 't tri»s) i* free and t'o.st. free. A size Hi". ?- i< n"w n»i for invucrs of J)oi;s and liirus mt liriuu* t HN:' a Mhali quantity only of ELUMAN'S EMBROCATION. ELUA1AN, SONS & Co., SLOUQH, ENG. J

A NEW RUSSIAN SECT. A WILLING HUMAN SACRIFICE. The sect called Joannitcs, who worship Father John of Kronstadt, have hitherto existed only in Kronstadt itself. But now they have appeared also in the Tzaritzin district.. The "Tzaritzin Gazette" thus describes one of the prayer meet- ings of this sect: "At the feast of Christmas the Joannites, at one of their prayer meetings, unanimously resolved to offer a worlhy sacrifice to the Lord. They cast lots. and the lot fell upon the wife of an innkeeper. But she was an ailing woman, and was not, considered a worthy offering. '1 will bo the offering!' said one of the women attending the service. This was a woman of forty years, the mother of five chil- dren. Her husband was also present at first, but he soon went home. 'Torture me.' said this woman, firmly, 'do anything you like with me, and I will bear it. I will shrink from nothing.' The next day, early in the morning, in the court- yard of one of the hOIl:;es \\a> found the muti- lated corpse of a woman. The head was broken, the brains scattered, the eyes had disappeared, the nose and both breasts were cut off. A crowd gathered upon the spot, became excited, and soon got angry. The owner of the house caiiio out into the courtyard and kicked the corpse, observing: 'The soul is in Paradise.' -r) I o police appeared and made an investigation. arresting the owner of the house and his bwtlwr. an who appeared to be the chief perpetrators of tho horrible deed."

ANGLO-GERMAN RELATIONS. The Burgomaster of Munich has forwarded to the Lord Mayor of London a "Declaration." signed by about 70G persons, heartily responding to the expression of kindly feeling towards Ger- many recently made by n number of distin- guished representatives of Great Bntain. and re- pudiating the idea that the development of Germany's maritime power is an indication of hostility to this country The Burgomaster ex- plains that the Declaration is the outcome of a meeting held in Munich on Jariuarv Oth for the purpose of promoting friendly relations with England.

THE ARMY ESTIMATES. In a memorandum by the Secretary for War re- lating to the Army Estimates for 1906-7. Mr. Haldane states that the estimates embody no far- reaching change or new departure, as he does Hot. desire to attempt, the introduction of serious changes in policy without takmg full time for their consideration. The total of the estimates, £ 29.796,000. shews a reduction of £ 17,000 com- pared with tho current year's: but. considerable economies have had to be effected to balance certain unavoidable—some of them automatic— increases amounting to over £78D.000.

EDUCATION CONTROL. Mr. Lough. Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Education, replying recently to a deputation from municipal councils and urban district, authorities, who urged that all grades of education should be placed under the control of the councils of boroughs and urban districts having populations of 50.000 and upwards in the same way as in the case of county borough councils, said the who1.> matter would be care- fully considered by Mr. Birrell in the forthcom- ing Education Bill.

THE NIGERIAN RISING. A telegram ha.s been received from the High Commissioner for Northern Nigeria, containing news from Sokoto. dated February 26th. It is reported that the Mahdi, who headed the recent rising, has died from wounds, and that the rebels, who are said to consist for the most part of outlaws and fugitives, are surrounded by a native contingent from Sokoto, awaiting the re- inforcements which Sir F. Lugard has ent. and which are expected to arrive in a. few days. When these reinforcements arrive there will be 580 native troops and seventy police at Sokoto, which Sir F. Lugard considers will be amply sufficient. Sir F. Lugard adds that the loyalty of all the Emirs, including those at Sokoto Kano, Zaria, Bauchi. and Nupe is most striking.

IMPORTATION OF LIVE CATTLE. Lord Carrington, President of the Board of Agriculture, replying to a deputation from the Chambers of Agriculture, who urged the necessity of maintaining the present restriction on the importation of live cattle from Canada. said he could not give any distinct announce- ment as to what the final decision of the Govern- ment would be. It would have to be decided on its merits as affecting the health and well-being of their live stock.

HYPOCRITICAL BIGAMIST.' John Freeman alias Davis, fifty, a gardener, wa.s sentenced at. the Old Bailey, on Monday. to five years' penal servitude for bigamy. The prisoner wa.s married originally at Burgess Hill, Sussex, in October. 1879. On New Year's Day this year he married Hetty Violet Hall, a cook in fiervice at Roslyn-gardens. Seven Kings. He always posed as a very religious man. and made the acquaintance of the girl through attending the same chapel at Ilford.—Detective-sergeant Robinson said that Freeman once made love to an old lady sixty yea.rs of age. and promised to marry her. Her family were disgusted over the affair, left her. and she became destitute. The prisoner then made love to a widow, and in- duced her to withdraw her savings from the bank tc buy a honw. While at Ilford the prisoner was a prominent man in connection with a chapel there, ami often addressed open- air meetings and offered up prayer.

EYE SPECIALIST'S PAMPHLETS. An interesting case was heard at Manchester County-court on Monday, when an eye specialist, named William Mellor, of Oxford-road. Man- chester, was sued by Miss Isabella Butterworth, of Rochdale, to recover twenty-three guineas, which she alleged was due to her by reason of the defendant breaking his guarantee to cure her of an eye trouble. or denied the guarantee. and said the plaintiff had signed a document which explicitly stated that he did not guarantee a cure. Judse Parry aereed that people, might be led to believe that Mellor eruaranteed to cure blindness without an operation, owing to tho pamphlets which he issued. They contained a statement that 30.000 people had had their eye- sight restored, and their tone tended to make people eXlwd. that thprp would be a complete cure. He crave judgment for the plaintiff for the return of her fees, and he refused to grant stay of execution:

ESCAPE FROM GIPSIES. E After a lapse of ten years a missing son has just been restored to his par- ents. says the Paris correspondent of the Tribune. On Sunday, as a gipsy caravan was /Kissing through Montrouge. a young man leaped out. of the vehicle a.nd ran off to the police-station. There he told the commissary that, lie had been kidnapped by a party of gipsies in June, 1896. and gave his name as Alfred Eliinger. In passing his home of ten years ago he had recognised it. and escaped from the caravan while the gipsies were not looking.

BABY DROWNED BY BABY, At Woolwich. Dr. Oswald has held an in. quest on Bertha. May Branch, the six-weeks-old child of parents living at Plumstead. The mother left the infallt in the kitchen with another daughter, aged three years, and while f.he was upstairs the little girl called out Sorry, mamma." When the mother went downstairs she found the. baby in a tub of water. The little girl said: "I put Dolly in the water; Dolly dead: buy another Dolly."—A verdict of death by misadventure wa, returned.

MIDNIGHT rUNTING TRAGEDY. A party consisting of two soldiers, two civil- ians. and a woman named Emanuel and a ser- vant girl, aged fourteen, named Maud Collett, went for a walk along the Thames tow-path at Oxford at half-past eleven on Saturday night. Finding a punt moored near the University- Boat!! ouse the party embarked. The punt cap- sized. and the girl Collett was drowned. The others reached the bank. but the woman Emanuel is seriously ill. and the inquest on Mon- day was, in consequcnce, adjourned for a fort- night.

Firing a revolver as a salute to a wedding pro- cession, in accordance with an old Bavarian cus- tom, a schoolmaster recently, at Nuremberg, used ball cartridges by mistake, aii(I killed one of the bridesmaids. While excavating for gravel near Farnham railway station, two workmen. Harry Bone and George Smith, were killed by being buried under a heavy fall of earth. On the railway near Wokingham the mutilated remains of Edward Stevens, butler at Welling- ton College, were found by some platelayers on Monday morning. He had been a servant at the college for more than twenty years. WASHING AT HOMIi .RADFORD'. "VOWEL XLS" Wash" KvUNCImS and Mantling lullllll SAVE TIME, SAVB LABOUlt, Me SAVE THE CLOTBO861 Writrfor Catakfue, *stfmo an soakd",m THOMAS BRADFORD A CO., 40, 141, and 142, HIGH HOLBOKM, LONDON VKTOUA \VKNUB, DEANSCATB, MAMCHMTKS: 130, Iw 11 rw> LJVB*?OOL; CUSCXMT IKON WOist 'r-

DEATH OF GENERAL GATACRE. A BRAVE BUT UNLUCKY SOLDIER. The death is announced at Gambela, in too Upper Soudan, of Major-General Sir William Gat acre, at the age of .sixty-three. The first years of General Gatacre's service in the Army were uneventful, and he was forty years old before he attracted the notice of Lord' Roberts, who took the Colonel of the 2nd Middlesex with him to' Simla as Deputy- Quartermaster-General. In India, says a T ¡mes correspondent, his restless energy was almost proverbial, one of his walking feats in particular, a march of between forty and fifty miles among the hills, passing later into a local tradition. In the Chitral ex- pedition of 1895 his indomitable energy and per- sonal example were invaluable in overcoming obstacles, but he was thought to subject his brigade, just as he afterwards did the British division in the S0udan, to an unnecessary strain by continual surprise visits. lie distinguished himself by saving a man from drowning in tho Panjkora Rfvor. Two years later he was in the Soudan, and his personal courage was agin dis- played at the battle of the Atbara, where lie was the first man to get through the dervishes' zareba. With his men. therefore, he was very popular, even though lie made them sleep in their boots, and generally went on the principle of hardening them till they were fit for any- thing. In all their hardships he took a part. In the Boer War the force of circumstances and bad luck hardly gave him a chance. A large part of his command was reft from him to save the situation in Natal, and he. was left with a very inferior force to face the Boers in their strongholds. His attempted night sur- prise of the Boer position at Stonnberg (Decem- ber 9th and 10th), was a perfectly justifiable scheme, and only failed owing to a miscalcula- tion cf the distance and an error on the part of his guide. He simply fared as White fared in the first sortie from Ladysmith (October 30th), and retired with a loss of 616 men taken prisoners and two guns. His other casualties were twenty-four killed and sixty-seven wounded. Another stroke of bad luck befell him on April 3rd, next year, when the Reddersburg disaster took place, and as this misfortune caused Lord Roberts to deprive him of his command, both sides of the affair may be given. General De Wet writes in his book I have never been able to understand why the great force stationed at Reddcrsburg made no at- tempt to come to the aid of the unfortunate victims at Mostertshoek. Their conduct seems to me to have been even more blameworthy than the similar negligence which occurred at Sauna's Post. They were not more than five miles of! and could watch the whole engagement—and yet they never stirred a foot to come and help their comrades. And it was fortunate for us that it was so, for we should have stood no chance at all against a largo force." The actual facts were as follows: There was not a single British soldier at Reddersburg dur- ing the attack on the detachment, at Mostert- shoek. The nearest troops were at BethanTe, on the railway, sixteen miles from Mostertshoek. The force there on the evening of April 3rd con- sisted of three batteries of Royal Field Artillery and one company Derby Regiment. Early next morning the Cameron Highlanders arrived from Bloemfontein. and three companies of mounted infantry from Edenberg. Sir W. Gal-acre also arrived and started at 8 a.m. with 300 mounted infantry. 600 infantry (Camerons). and two bat- teries. This force reached some hilis one and a- half mile west of Reddersburg at 10.30 a.m.. and there learnt that Captain McWhinney's detach- ment had surrendered two hours previously at Mostertshoek. five miles east of Reddersburg. On his return home General Gatacre was given the command of the Eastern District, but even in peace his bad luck did not desert him. When riding to hounds he was thrown from his horse, broke his collar-bone, and received internal in- juries. from which. however, he recovered. He retired in March, 1904.

A STORY OF PARNELL. INTERESTING FAMILY DISPUTE. Charles Stewart Parnell's sister (Mrs. Munroe Dickinson), in her life of the great Irish leader, stated that he was expelled from Cambridge in consequence of the suicide of a girl who had suffered through him. This statement has given rise to an interesting family dispute. Mr. H. T. Parnell, a brother, now writes to the Daily Xctrs from Geneva, forwarding copies of letters -Nla from Magdalene College. Cambridge, in which the authorities state that they cannot find a foundation for such a storv. Parnell. when an undergraduate of Mag- dalene College, was charged in 1869 with as- saulting a townsman, and was convicted by the magistrates. He was then rusticated by the college (writes one of the college authorities), and never returned into residence, though he was quite at liberty to do so. Mrs. Dickinson, asked for her authority, replied that Parnell was expelled from college, and that it had nothing to do with the assault for which he was rusticated." She gave as her authorities for the story," continues Mr. H. T. Parnell, "our mother and Sir Ralph Howard' (both dead), the latter of whom was so annoyed by it that he left our brother Charles no legacy in his will. As re- gards the nervous attacks, which Mrs. Dickin- son suggests her story explains. I myself have several times had to look after my brother dur- ing these attacks; he would tell me on such occasions that he saw such things as lions and tigers. I knew he had not been drinking: and I think these nervous attacks probably resulted from an attack of brain fever, which he had when sent as a small boy to a girls' school, where the girls, having discovered that he had an aversion to insects, used to tea:se him. If my brother ever mentioned the name of a girl in one of these attacks, as stated by Mrs. Dickin- son, it may have been the girl most prominent in teasing him. In consequence of this attack of brain fever, he never went to a public school.

BLACK AND WHITE IN AFRICA. THE ETHIOPIAN ORDER. Ethiopianism, which is the cause of so much anxiety just now in South Africa, started four- teen years ago among the natives employed in the Johannesburg mines. Its root idea, says the Westminster Gazette. was a black Church for black men. But. like most other Churches. Ethiopianism has had its great schism. In Cape Colony half the Ethiopians have accepted the creed of the Anglican Church and become a branch of it under the title of the Ethiopian Order. They have been allowed to remain a separate organi- sation. independent of the Church parishes and of the missions, with teachers and catechists of their own. under the Rev. J. M. Dwane, an educated Amaxosa Kaffir, who has been ap- pointed Provincial of the Order. But the other half rebelled, and affiliated themselves to an American negro body, the A.M.E., or African Methodist Episcopal Church, which is absolutely independent of the whites, and possesses not only negro clergy but negro bishops, and has done so for the last eighty years. Unfortunately the A.M.E. shares to the full the rancorous feeling against the whites which is now rampant in black America, and such a spirit of insolent defi- ance has been imported into too many of the Ethiopian congregations of South Africa that we can hardly wonder if it arouses suspicion in the ruling race.

-= GRA YE CHARGE AGAINST A MONK. Considerable excitement was caused in the neighbourhood of Kingsbridge, Devon, on Mon- day, by the arrest of a probationer attached to the Trappist monastery at Woodleigh. The ac- cused, a young t rencliman. is Joseph Gulers. aged twenty-six. When the accused was brought before the "magistrates, Bessie Kelland, a young dressmaker, aged nineteen, stated that on Sun- day afternoon she was walking along the road when the accused asked her if she would go with him and see the monastery. She declined, and he ran after her, struck her on the face and neck. and blacked her eve. He then carried her into an adjoining field belonging to the monastery, and threw her down into the hedge. He pushed two fingers into her mouth, breaking one of her teeth, and otherwise assaulted her. Eventually he ran away. When the police went to the monastery, all the monks were summoned by the sub-prior. The prisoner was found in bed." When arrested he admitted that, he carried the girl into the field. The evidence was inter- preted to him. and he replied that the girl's evi- dence was not exactly in accordance with the truth. He was committed for trial.

DEATH OF MR. F. J-. HORNIMAN. The death has taken place, in his seventy-first year, of Mr. F- J. Horniman, ex-M.P. for Penryn and Falmouth, a well-known philan- thropist and head of the firm of tea merchants, Messrs. W. H. and F. J. Horniman aud Co.. Limited. The business was founded by his Quaker father, lr, John Horniman, and has ex- panded during the last forty-five years into one of the most successful undertakings of the kind owing partly to hard worn and mainly to the idea of selling tea in sealed packets. Mr. Horni- man had for nearly half a century been an ardent collector of curious from all parts of the world, which now find a home in the Horni- man Museum and park at Forest Hill, which he gave to the public a few years ago.

-77-. 1- IBbwB

THE KING IN TRANCE. King Edward arrived in Paris nofn Cherbourg' on Saturday night. His Majesty' was received at the railway station by M. Ronvicr. the Pre- mier. and other French officials, and by the British Ambassador. After a. short Conversation with M. RonVier. the King drove to :he British Embassy. Chi Sunday morning his Majesty at- tended service at the English Church, and after- wards receivcti" his two sisters. Princess Henry of Battonberg and Princess Christian, and his niece. Princess Kna of Battenberg. In the after- noon the King paid a visit to President F&Hiere«, who immediately' afterwards returned his visit. In the evening the King entertained at dinner at dIP Embassy 31. and Mme. Falliercs. M. and Mme. Rouvier. and other guests. The King, on Monday morning, entertain^i at luncheon at the British Embassy in Paris 31. and Mme. Lou bet and M. Delcasse. In the after- noon his 3Iajcstv made several private calls, and in the evening enferr'atned some personal friends at dinner. His Majesty left for Biarritz on Tuesday-

SHARING THE BOOTY. WHOLE POLICE FORCE IN GAOL. An extraordinary situation hay arisen, writes the Bucharest correspondent of the Peill Mrzll Gazitte at Galatz. the principal port of Rou- mania. a city of 70.000 inhabitants. The whole of the police force. with the chief at the head, have been arrested! upon charges of being in league with the criminal classes. Recently burglars entered one of the banks a.nd stole securities and money amounting to some 20,000f. The banker reported the loss to thpolice in due course. The chief of police then sent to the leader of the robbers, and. it k alleged, demanded from him half the booty. 10.000f., in accordance with the understanding existing between the police and the thieves. The leader answered that' the banker had overesti- mated his losses, and the booty was far less than he had stated. As he refused to hand over the amount the chief arrested him, and after forty- eight hours aga.in demanded the lO.OOOf. In order to escape the man paid the money, and immediately he was free went to the Public Prosecutor and told him the whole story, a.nd also what had been going on between the police and thieves in the city. The Public Prosecutor sent for the military, who arrested every single officer and member of the city police force. Thereupon the whole affair became public. Meanwhile, the shopkeepers have organised a body of private police to guard their property.

EXPELLED UNDER THE ALIENS ACT. A Russian named Serge Gapon, charged at Eastbourne, on Saturday, with being drunk and disorderly, told the police that he was a brother of Father Gapon. He stated that, he Waf a cap- tain in the Russian Army, had been in Port Said and Port Arthur, and deserted from the latter place twelve months ago. He intended to see the sights of England, to go to France, and then return home. An expulsion order under the Aliens Act was made.

SWALLOWED A NAIL. While riding on a tramway-car about two years ago Nathan Medcalfe, twenty-nine, a car- penter, of Tooting, fell asleep, and swallowed a French nail which he had been holdmg between his teeth. The illness which followed was diagnosed by one doctor as consumption. but subsequently the man went to St. Thomas's Hospital for treatment, and after undergoing i two operations died on February 28th. Dr. Norburv, house phvsician. said that by the use of X-rays the nail was plainly seen near the left lung. Two operations were performed, one in- cluding the making of an opening in the chest in order to endeavour to remove the nail by means of an electro magnet. All attempts failed, and the man died from shock and collapse. The Coroner: What kind of a nail was it':—An or- dinary French nail about lAin. long.—A vcdict of accidental death was returned.

CHARGE AGAINST A SHIPOWNER. At Liverpool, Richard Rowland Phillips. thirty-five, shipowner, has been charged on re- mand with falsifying the share register of the Carlisle Company (Limited), of which lie was a director, with intent to defraud. Application was made by his solicitor for bail. it being stated that it was merely a partnership quarrel. The stipen- diary magistrate said lie knew the facts of the case. and refused bail. Accused was remanded.

A RAILWAY TRAGEDY. An inquiry was opened on Saturday at AI- brighton Station with regard to the death of W. E. Currall. formerly a butler employed by the Rev. W. A. Sherringham at Donnington Rectory, near Albrighton, and who was killed by being run over by the Zulu express on Thursday night on the Great Western Railway near Al- brighton. Edwin Baglin, coachman, gave evi- dence as to the deceased acting as butleis at Don- nington Rectorv. and said he afterwards went to take service with Ladv Pryce Jones at Newtown, Wales. Witness could not account for tne de- ceased being in the localit.v of Albrighton unless he had returned to visit some friends. William Love, the driver of the Zulu express, said that after thev had passed Albrighton he heard some- thing the matter with the machinery, and. mak- ing an examination, he found that- a man's hat and stick had been picked up by the mechanism. He had no idea that the engine had struck any- thing until the vacuum brake failed to act. Wit- ness reported the circumstances, and a search party went down the line. and found the body. The inquest was adjourned.

INSANE MOTHER'S DEED. At Surrey Assizes Beatrice Noble, thirty-two,. artist, wife of John Noble, artist, both of whom have exhibited at the Royal Academy, was in- dicted for the murder of her infant child on Januarv 8th. On returning from a drive with her husband and nurse, the prisoner, during the temporary absence of the latter, severed the child's head from the body with a carving knife. The jury found that the woman was insane at the time, and she was ordered by the judge'to be detained during his Majesty's pleasure.

"FOR LADIES ONLY." At the Birmingham Police-court. William Henrv Coachafer, clerk, and Henry Herbert Ad- cierlev. commercial traveller, were fined nominal sums" for travelling in a compartment of a Mid- land Railway train labelled "Ladies Only." The evidence shewed that there were fin-e gentlemen, in such a compartment at New-street Station, and the two defendants refused to leave when requested. These are the first prosecutions of the kind instituted by the 3Iidland Railway Company.

HOSPITALS AND OUT-PATIENTS. The Committee of Distribution of the Metro. politan Hospital Sunday Fund, which has had under consideration the question of the increase of out-patients, report that there is not any serious abuse of outpatient, departments- in the general hospitals, and that any which may exist can be effectually met by an efficient system of investigation. The committee consider it ad- visable to confine its investigations to general hospitals only.

PARIS CANAL MYSTERY. The body of an English lady about thirty years of age was found in the 3Iarne Canal at Charon- ton. near Paris, on Sunday. It had apparently been in the water about three weeks, and was elegantly clothed. On the left arm, near the shoulder, were found tattoo marks representing a butterfly. The linen, which was clearly of British manufacture, was marked 1, IT. S. while the corset was inscribed Ethel A. Brown." The deceased was wearing several articles of jewellery, and the police express no doubt that the body is that of au Englishwoman.

What Is a workman without good Boots f The Ml' ON DVTY' BOOT Bold Everywhere Ask your Boolmakn I. I for them, or sand 12/6 P.O. (poat tree) to |j SEED BROS., I No Blakl Money baak HALIFAX. I If yau dowt HK« them.

FACTS AN& fancies. Shiphekd^ believe the osi a sherds back is »n unfa;ig barometer. The curlier the wooi j fiasr w J.! be she weather. is unfa;ig barometer. The curlier the wooi j t fiasr w J.! be she weather. Un a r.ew" aw in Nor Var jrary woui(-bE must exhibit a certificate that she knows bow to cock. In onvay a dystjoptio is regarded 83" a natural curiosity. NatUraJ gas has oec-D flowing for nssKiy years in several of the Caucasian prov-frces bordering tho Capian Sea. Stfite of these g:> whicL havo omitted flames ror a periac beyond the memc. of living m¡A<J: are SUpG:rt:I0u"ly calleo the "eternal fires." BLAC& P'E.RLG. Of peavJsv s few HacH outs of f"rl"¡¡t yarn;" are obtained in tfre Gulf of California, witi-s some of those from Panama and .4 .tra! Í: are of wrv superior quality: but pi&cv;ra!]y all the smaU pearls come from India, as r a large jsto portion of the medium aiM large ones. Wire:sr THE Kale's Teavki.S. When the Ger/nan Empvror travels en Ger- man railways a detailed bill is made out for >' every engine and car used and for the distance i;traversed. ife is estimated fhaf he pays the- Prussian railways- clone about" £5,000 a-v»ar. -+-- WHY PEOPLE no SOGX/st. Black hair is stronger than süidren tresses and wifl sustain double the w-eiglit. Recently a German savant has teen expfvrtnewting anat has found that it is possrlWe to sasrien«di! a weig&i of fúUT ounces by a hair. ¡J1IO"i':irled tlw hair be Hack. Blonde hair will WSiT at varying weights dependent' upor.' the exact tirrt. A yellow haJrwiIl scarce SUppOTIT two capites:: brown will hold; up three without breaking; wltile a dark brown will sustain an addknonaC half-ounce. The greater vitality of the black hair is declared to r't1. the reason tiie- preponderance of blou-io bald ieads. Gkeeot CATKRPILLAKS: A •jaterpillar will," in or month, dc-wtsr 600 times Üs own weigM in g-reen mod. It would take a man nearly three, laontfo eat a quantJ-j of food in proportion. The caterpillars of motfhs usually eav more- than those d. butter- llies. JAPAN'S Si«,AVEET;> IXDTS7T?,Y. The ,3W(¥rl inrlmrr, is of im- portance in Japan. An- interesting accouxr of Ct is given: in the Jivlleti ■ of 1110 Fisheries Buraao. Washington, by 3Ir. H. 31. Smith. The value of the seaweed ,trepai:?d in Japan is said to exceed" I i is vised for human: food and as manure. In Ar,erica, on the- other hand, it is pointed out that the seaweed indmci-y is small, and practically restricted to 31assachusetts. where op species. Chondrux ai,(p11.(. ;1; coilhctecl and prepared to bp sohiii to brewer* druggists, ind groeeis. It is that if properly developed the seaweed indusiry could, be m"'>dc very profitable in America. •- A CArsE QIKKKUJ-JTESS. Brushes or combs used on the- heads of perrons afflicted with scaly bal"lne» will cc.mmunrim>œ the disease- to otlwr hca te and Dr. O. Lassar con- siders that baldness is spread by Icj irdressers who employ combs and brushes on their custo- 111ers. one after another without any regular cleansing of these article: they are uaed. BOAKDING-Hot c-R GEOMETRY. DEFIXITIOXS. 1. All boarding-houses are th same bcardirsg-- bouse. 2. Boarders in the same boarding-house and on the same flat are equal ro one another. 3. A single room is which hath no parts Bnd no magnitude. 4. The landlady of the- boarding-house is a parallelogram—that is. an oblong angular figure that cannot .be described, and is equal to any- thing. 5. A wrangle is the disinclination to oadh or her of two boarders that mee. together but are not on the same floor. 6. All the other rooms being taken, a single room is said to be a double room. pOSTrLATES AND PROPOS1TIOXS. L A pie may bo proooctd any number of times. 2. The landlady may be reduced to her lowest terms by a serious of propositions. 3. A bee-line may be made from any rding- house to any other boardi&-hous(>. 4. The clothes of a boarding-house bed, stretched ever so far both ways, will not. mfet 5. Any two meals at a boarding-house are together less than a square feed. 6. On the same bill and on the same side of it there should not be charges for the same thing. 7. If there be two boarders on the same floor and the amount of side or one be equal to the amount of side of the other. and the wrangle between the one boarder and the landlady be equal to the wrangle between the landlady and the other boarder, then shall the weekly bills of the two boarders be equal. For, if not. let one bill be the greater, then the other bill is leSt than it nnght have been, which is absurd. THE SHAH'S CAT. Cats are held in great reverence in Persia. The Shah alone has fifty of them. and each one has an attendant of its own. with a special room for meals. When the Shah travels the cats go also, being carried by men on horseback. DIED OF BEI-G BAPTISED." The i uritan baby had a Spartan struggle for life in its bleak New England home, says a Sunday at Home, writer. Summer was well fc.nough. but, in winter, despite the roaring logs in the great open fire-place, it. was chilling indeed, only four feet, from the chimney. The Sunday after his birth, the baby was taken to be christened in the freezing meptlng-house. In widely-scattered parishes "it might be truthfully recorded of many a chrisom-child: Died of being baptised. "One cruel parson believed in and practised infant immersion. fairly a Puritan torture, until his own child nearly lost its life thereby." Judge Sewall's diary, which is our only definite or extended contemporary picture of colonial life, records that on January 22nd. 1694, there was a very extraordinary storm by reason of the falling and driving of the. snow. Few women could get. to meeting. A child named Alexander was baptised in the after- noon." We can fancy the little Alexander dressed in fine linen and swathed in his christen- ing-blanket. borne by his nurse through tha driving snow to the icy meeting-house. It is not surprising to learn that the-mortality among in- fants was appalling. Puritan mothers were all strict churchgoers, and they and their babies figured largely in the "Sabbath gatherings. WORLD'S LARGEST LIBRARY. T largest library in the world is the National Library of Paris, containing forty mil of shelves, holding some 3.000,000 books. There are also 200.000 manuscripts. 300.000 maps and charts, and 150.000 coins and medals. MERCURIES." very interesting instance s a.re recorded of messenger boys who have been strange and remarkable missions. Not many years ago a well-dressed gentleman walked into one of the London branch offices and placea upon the counter a. note. "Let one of your boys deliver this," he said, and wait for an answer. I wish him to start immediately." Next boy on," laconically called the superin- tendent but, glancing at the envelope, he noted that the address was Hanford, Cali- fornia. U.S.A." Taken somewhat by surprise he remarked that the fees would be rather heavy. They will be paid. whatever they come to," said thp stranger, presenting tho card of the late Colonel M'Calmont. a man of greai wealth. Within an hour the" next bov on" had started with the note. He beat the regular mails by five hours. The journey out and back cost, in one way and another more than £100; but it well repaid Colonel M'Calmont. One of the peculiar tasks imposed on a mes- senger boy not long ago, says the Penny Maga- zine. was to lead a donkey from Charing Cross tc Euston Station. District 3Iessenger 1199 received the animal from the horse van, and amid the good-natured chaff of the train porters led off his charge. The donkey took things very com- placently, as is the donkey's wont. and trudged behind the messenger boy through the busy Lon- don streets, much to the amusement of the pass- ing public. During Coronation time a messenger boy was employed to accompany an Indian Prince and shew him the sights of the City. He vvnt to aii theatres, music-halls, and other places of amusement. and successfully conducted the visitor through some of the worst slums. Another Eastern potentate on a visit London em- ployed a messenger boy to make purchases of vast quantities of toys, both from the street dealers and the stores. The boy made ail his purchases judiciously, and did not spend a psnnv more than was requisite, though a large sum was placed at his disposal- In fact, througk his judgment and knowledge of prices he saved hia employer a considerable sum, and was duly re- warded for hll iaithful service. As a result of the trial hy court-martial at Ochakoff. Russia, of Lieutenn: Schmidt and ti e other persons accused with hi-n of nnrtieinafion in the Seba-topol mutiny. Lieutenant Schmidt WRS sentenced TO death hy ham:in<r. and th sailors Tchastnik. Antonenko. and Oladkoft were condemned to be snot. I The Dean and Chapter of Ely are arranging for the celebration of the SCOth anniversary, on October 17th, cf the consecration of the Cathc- dral.

AMERICAN HCMOUR. THE PRICE or FAME. f* Here. Togo: come here, -ir. ''Togo want a cracker?" U Hurrah! hurrah! Togo -.v;ns. Togo by A idock." '"Drat that Togo." Remarks like tho above are common, the first application to a dog, the second to a parrot, tho third to a winning, the fourth to a losing race- horse. When Admiral IVWOJ- won the battle of Manila Bay a million dogs and cats and horses were named after him-, and" Dewey. don't kiss me." or ¡ó Come, siti on my lap, Dt>wpy," or What beautiful thir,- legs Dewey has." wero sentences to be heard < crvwhere. But now many of these anil11;JJ are dead, and rhe re- mainder are too old to' get about. an-J thus Dewey. as an animalY no longer strikes the ear. Japan's famous victory is hound tc maka Admiral Togo's name popular among- animals. Pa>t of the price that the yellow seaman is to pav for his fame will be the echoing througti the world of phrases like '-lkar little Togo." and Come, drink your milk. Togo." and Did the bad, bad man kick Togo.'T — M Journal. SDITSEKMS. 5t's a loan that has nc -ret'tsming. The true-st picture of a woman is to be found in a composite of the descriptions of her lover 8on<1 her riva.i. Some people hare ability. V; iet' like goods fr: the piece;: they never maks- ii. 09 into anj- thiwg. A ^vornan tikes to. make a foe h of a man. but ehe doesn't iik." to have him a £-001 of him- seU:]JiJstr1'll V rn-n-^rr >q>t. THE BANKER AND THE"POET. "TT?sis minor poetry seems futile to me." th# banker said. Ait.,bo(l, can turn if oat. A lunatk can write minor peptty. It's only a question of rh-1ws, You sneer at rhyme?." interjected the fat and bald poet: "give me a rhyme for Lvunge. The banker thought for three mintlte.s}, but in vfti-i. lie was stumped. "Try me again." he said. "A Again the banker failed. "A rhyme for wasp.' Nothing doing," said, the banker, iifbr- a long pSuse. 'Gu]f,' month." 'pint." pm. ''By j:tigo! sa.id the banker. "I think of a rhyme for any of these words." The minor pout: tried him with. "huge." (If.pth. wolf, fugue," "lnulb: and bourne." "I'm srnek." confessed the banker "'Minor poetry is harder than 1 thought. Its a, winder to me you fellows a not paid more." We don't care anything about the pay. It's the glory. \Wo' are after." the poet answered; with dignity, But I have been tricking you. For the words that. I gave you there isn't a- rhyme in. the English; tongue.—Philadelphia Bwletin, HrXKS- OF HISTORY. Tonce de Leon had at last discovered that fountain' at eternal youth. "Are you sure that you'll live for -ever 2 earnestly inquired the populace. "Sure. 3Iike." declared Ponce de Lf'OR. Then we want you, to superintend the con- structioj]. of the Paijauif6 Canal."—Pittsburg Post. A FIFTY-CENT EXPERDIEXT, Once upon a time a Brooklyn tobacconist, after deliberating long on the question: "Aro Men Growing 3Iore Honest," stuck a 59-cent piece on the under side of the glass of h;j-show- case and prepared to. keep tab on his nailers. The experiment had been going on for 301 week when a man came in one day and said: Sir. I would smoke. Let me have two cigars for a ri Ickle." With pleasure, sir," was the reply, and the goods were produced. "I observe, sir." continued the customer: after he had got one of his cigars alight, "thai you. have a 50-cent, piece glued to the glasst over there? Just, so'?" What is the object?n "To experiment with mankind." "And what do- your statistics thus far shew?** Out of 200 persons who have come in hero since I set the trap, only ten have failed to ob- serve the- coin and made an attempt to get their paws on it. The number includes men in almost every walk of life. It is painful and yet it is comic to observe their discomfiture as they find the glass between- the coin and their desires." And no doubt you were watching me as 11 stood at. he showcase ? I mu.4 confess that I had an eye on T,!()\]." And y«>u were somewhat puzzled and disap- pointed I did not reach for the fifty? It. is be- cause I have a, better way-a little way of my, own. as follows: And he took from his pocket a stone, smashed the glass, grabbed the «-oin and was out- doors and around the corner L)t,for- the tobacco- nist oould get oven his surprise and raise a yell, RE3IARKS OF A FUNMAKER. For shaking hands with John D. Rockefeller a Tarrytown, N.Y-. street sweeper got Idol. At this rate John has still enough left for 9991,999,999 hanJshak, or thereabouts. A fifteen-dollar-a-week stenographer has been stealing 25dol. a day from her employer. Regards to the express clerk who swiped 10G,000dol., and the broker's clerk who buncoed a bank out of 360,000dol. Special oounsel for the Mutual Life says the insurance system is sick, but too many doctors are around its bedside. Dismiss 'em all, and get a good "family" doctor. It seems that Emperor William handed France an ultimatum with a string attached to it. The Carlisle Indian football player nauwd Kicked-on-rhe-Jaw certainly oug hjr t. be with the President in his plan to reform tHe gane.— Brooklyn Citizen. HE WAS PATERNAL. He was a man about fifty years old. wit-h a fatherly look about him, and as he sat down be- side a woman on a Fulton-street car, h'e said: 3Iy dear woman, I notice that you are carry. fng your purse in your hand. Take my advice and put it in your pocket." I think it is safe enough," she replied, after a. look at him. Bur. there are snatch thieves, my dear—meri who would grab your purse and run if given an opportunity. I myself have witnessed many cases of it." But I have carried my purse this way for vear- she gently protested. "That may be so. but a time will come when you wiil lose it. The way that women carry their purses is a great temptation to the poor cr vicious. I hope you won't think me a meddler, but I feel it my duty to speak to you. Here, aro fourteen passengers in this car." sir." Here am 1. an utter stranger to you. "Yes." Your purse is within reach of my 1-.and." It is." "Suppose I should grab it and run? The con- ductor could not stop me, and not a passenger would follow. By the time you regained your wits I would be on the sidewalk and lost among tho crowd. See?" o. sir. I don't see." replied the woman. The mati on the other side of me is my hus- band. When you came in lie whispered to mo thar you was a confidence man. and to look out for you. and at the first move you made V- would be on to you big-ger'n a house, and land j you on the floor of the car with a. broken neck. 2 think you had better keep very quiet, "ir:" The paternal man flushed up, hitched around uneasily, and then pulled a newspaper from his pocket and began to read .-P, roolzlyn Citizen. PUNISHED THE JUDGE. In the early days of Augusta, 3Iaine. when tho people rode about the country on horseback, a f certain aristocratic judge, riding into town one fi day on his smart horse, was overtaken bv a S neighbour, a poorly-dressed Irishman, riding a « rather rough-looking animal. 8 In the outskirts of the city the two jogged i along side by side, discussing the topics of tho ■ day: but as they neared the town, the proud | judge, thinking it beneath his dignity to be seen 1 in company with Patrick, requested the Irish- man to fall back a little. The quick-witted son of Erin, grasping tho situation. fell back a few paces, and awaited his 8 opportunity for revenge. As they were entering the principaT street, the Irishman called out ^from behind: "Judge am I far enough behind yen- honour?" The discomfited judge, sitting very erect, paid no heed to the Irishman. A little further on Patrick again called out. to the intense amusement of the bystanders: "Judge —— arn I far enough behind yor honour now. sir. So an along the way Patrick punished th& s nroud judge.—Tlofton Herald.

"R0NIIK* Impart$a |H mm mm RAI 1011 Kirniture. H I ■ 3^ m FLOORS.BOOTS ■ U ■ IJ ■ ■ RAENESS. ■ V

TIle purpose ot man s nre is fiofc liappniesa, but worthiness. Happiness may come as ai, ELcp, cessory; we dare never make it the Power has two aspect-—one of intoxication and the other of supinene-s: intoxication at itt own increase and supinene>s at of others. A lie is everywhere and always wrong because it is unnatural and undue that anyone should 6ignifv by words thai which lie lias not in hih mind. Friendship is no plant of hasty growth. Though rooted in esteem's deep soil, the slow and gradual culture of kind intercourse must bring it to perfection. We are always clever with those who imagine we think as they do. To be ,1Jrllhw you must differ with people: to be profound you must R'V'ree with tliein.-BULNVi.-P LYTTON. Work is a great blessing to humanity, and reeded rest is just as much a credit to us as work is. and contentment makes both easier. Appreciate what you have, and don't envy any person. The comfortable and comforting people are those who look upon the bright side of life, gathering its roses and sunshine, and rnalciii" the most that happens seem the best.—DOROTHY DIX. Jrdge no one by his relatives, whatever criti- cisms you pass upon his companions. Relations, like features, are thrust upon us: companions, like clothes, are more or less of our own selec. tion. Men and women will be better and more use- ful men and women when they estimate their fharaeter less in the light of the evil things they Efrain from and more in the light of the good iners they do Make sure that however good you may be you have faults; that however dull you may be YOt; Can find out what they are; and that howevej slight they may be you had better make an effort to get rid of them. Mur world is not a spectacle: it is a field of battle, upon which all who in their hearts love Justice, beauty, and holiness are bound— whether as leaders or soldiers, conquerors ot tnartyrs—to play their part. To each of us is entrusted the building up of Cur own character. To fulfil that duty we must riot only guard against moral faults; we must improve every talent we possess, we must widen Our interests, we must sharpen our faculties by careful effort. What stronger breastplate than a heart un- tainted? Thrice he is arm'd that hath his quarrel just; And he but naked, though lock'd up in steel, Whose conscience with injustice is corrupted. -SHAKESPEAFTE. "I seek no thorns." said Goethe's wise mother to a sentimental maiden, "and I catch the small joys. If the door is low, I stoop down. If I can remove the stone out of my way, I do to. If it is too heavy, I go round it. And thus every day I find something which gladdens me." Sleep is sweet to the labourer, and content- tnent is as necessary to success as sleep is to health. Despise not the day of small things. If you have been industrious and honest and barely made a living, be contented: try to do better next year, but don't fret became you axe not richer. ABOUT WORK. Respect it. Put your heart in it. Work with a purpose. Do it with your might. Be larger than your task. Prepare for it thoroughly. Make it a means of character-building. Make it a stepping-stone to something higher. Endeavour to do it better than it has ever been (Bono before. Make perfection your aim, and be satisfied ovith nothing less. Do not try to do it with a part of yourself- the weaker part. THE PRINCIPAL OCCrPATION. Assuming that religion is true—for otherwise man would be in a more degraded position than the beasts of the field, which are not aware of their own wretchedness—then religion should be the principal occupation of man, to which all other pursuits should be subservient. The doom of eternity and the fortunes of life cannot be placed in competition. Our days should be pure. and holy, and heroic, full of noble thoughts and solemn sacrifices.—LORD BEACONSFIEI.D. EQUANIMITY. Worry is unquestionably a curse and a source, of much unhappiness. It seams the face with lines and furrows, and has a most depressing effect upon the stomach, which at such times be- comes a laggard servant. Indeed, it is safe to say that unless encouraged by a cheerful temper and hopeful thoughts the stomach will sulk. The explanation liet in the alliance of the great sympathetic nervea. One sign of mental health is serenity tf temper that enables us to bear with equaniliity the petty trials of life. In rnattel". of conscience, first thoughts are best; in D "ters of prudence, InA thoughts art best. LTFR A BATTLE. Life is a lfivht. Millions fail. Only the strong win. hn <. internal strength is created by watching Circumstances like a hawk, meeting her every spring stiff and straight, laughing at her pitfalls—which in the beginning of life are excess, excess. and always excess, and all manner of dishonour. Strength is created by adversity, by trying to win first the small battles of life, then the great, by casting out fear, by training the mind to rule all things—the heart, the pas. sions, the impulses, which. if indulged, make the brain the slave instead of the master. Success, for which alone a man lives, if he be honest with himself, comes to those who are strong, strong, strong.—GERTRUDE ATHEETON. SERENITY. Serenity of mind comes easy to somfe an &<ird to others. It can be taught and learnt. We ought to have teachers who are able to educate us in this department of our natures quite w much as in music tr art. As it is now. most of our educators urge us on to be ambitious to ex. eel others, and in the end. if not careful, we lose our mental equipose. and with it health and happiness. One of the secrets of the mind cure is the help it gives to those who have lost their mental equipose to throw it off again. Unburden- iÍUg themselves, they are once more able to do 6heir work and rejoice. THE MAN AND HIS WORK. man may hide himself from you, or mis- represent himself to you every other way; but he cannot in his work. There be sure you havo him to utmost, all that he likes, all that he sees, all that he can do; his imagination, his affection, his perseverance, his impatience, clumsiness, cleverness, everything is there. If the work is a cobweb, you know it was made by a spider—if • honeycomb, by a bee; a wormcast is thrown up by a worm, and a nest wreathed by a bird; and a house built by a man worthily if he is worthy, and ignoble if ho is ignoble. And always, froni the least to the< greatest, as a thing atfldA if good or bad, so is the maker of it*