The Glamorgan Monmouth and Brecon Gazette and Merthyr Guardian

SC IE NC E. .-low ELECTROTYPE. In a former volume of Newton's London Journal of Arts, &c,, tlx ■re i-1 a description of an ingenious, and highly interesting invention of conducing cop. per, through the agency of voltaic electricity, from a solulion of sulphate of copper, and depositing it upon the face of a mould in a solid form, so as to produce perfect fac similes of medals and coins. The same process wall considered 10 he obviously applicable to taking fae similes ofeal. stamps, and other figures, and has, we understand, been subse- quently applied, wiih success, to those purposes; hilI how far the process wiP capable of producing copies of finely engraved copper plates, remained to he proved by careful experiment. It is nearly forty years since the late ingenious Earl Stanhope made many efforts to produce copies of enffraved piate. by mean* ol the stereotype pro- cess, hilt did not ultimately succeed. The desidera- tum sooght, *iz.: — that of avoiding the enormous expense of, and time required for, engraving severa' copper plates of the same subject, when a large num- her of priuts were required, has howevet been, in a great measure, obtained by the use of steel plates, introduced about twenty years ago by Mr Jacob Perkins. The process of Electrotype is now found to he fully competent to effect the object of copying and producing an urliinited number of copper plates, all possessing the identical characters and style of an original engraving, however minute and elabo- rately wrought. The journal to "'hieh we have above alluded, has just laid before its readers a specimen of the ellect produced hy means of the Electrotype process. The specimen is an etching, from Rembrandt, and the means by which the copy was produced, was by pre- cipitating copper through the agency of voltaic elec- tricity upon the surface (,f file plate of the original etching. By this process is obtained a type or coun- terpart of the plate in relief, that i», with all the lilies of the oiiginal raised on the face of the new p'ate. The type plate was then submitted to a similar operation, in connection with the voltaic battery and another pi ue, by the precipitation of the copper, waa obtained from it, in which was found sunk or engraven, (as if performed hy a graver or etching point) a perfect of the first etching. From an inspection of the plate, it appears that the copper is in a more close and compact state than it would have been if cast from molten metal,-—in- dped that mig-ht be expected, from the absence of fire in the operation. How the face of Ihe copper may sustain the fric- tion, occasioned by printing a large number of im- pressions, is yet to be proved. NEW PATENTS.—MARCH, 1840. (From Newton and Berry's Monthly List.) James Beaumont Neilson, of Glasgow, gentleman, for certain improved methods of coating iron, to prevent oxidation or corrosion. John Sylvester, of Great Russell Street, engineer. for improvements in the construction of doors and frames for closing the openings of fire-places, ash- pits, flues, chimnies, and certain retorts. Joseph Shore, of Birmingham, merchant, for im- provements in preserving and covering certain metals and alloys of metals. James Home, of Clapham Common, Esq for improvements in the stuffing boxes of lift pumps. John Rangely, of Camberwcll, gentleman, for improvements. in the consli uotion of Railways, and in the m"uns ofapplying power to propelling carriages and machinery. Joseph Atkinson, of Round Hill, near Masham, York, farmer for improvements in thrashing and winnowing machiues.

Perpetual Motion. The search after impossibi- lities, although so much ridiculed, has had its uses. To the efforts of the alchyniist, to find out the Phi- losopher's Stone may be ascribed the surprising discoveries in Chemistry. r,) the vain attempts to invent -1 Perpetual Motion'* may be attributed the present advanced state of mechanical knowledge, and to the perseverance of the hertnetit Philosophers, in their attempts to discover the Elixel of Life," we are indebted for much valuable kliowleti{!'e of the properties of many drugs and plants. Whilst the invalid may he amusing liiiii-elf witll the history of these vain trifiers he may be reaping the benefit of "olne of their discoveries. The martyr to Gout or Rheumatism may have cause to rejoic,e at the nn- wearied application of individuals to chimerical pur- poses; but, as Boerhaave said, that all the great discoveries- in Medicine were either by chance or necessity," so, after sijiidry difficiliiies had long- ob. ,.Irucled the pursuit to find a specific for Gout and Rheumatism, the great object in view has been at- tained by the discovery of Blair's Gout and Rheu- matic Pills, which are certain in their result, and conventeutin their applicatiou. Wonderful March of Civilizalioll.-I' At Oakson, thecoufinesof Toorkistan, observes Major Edwards, -1 we found that the inhabitants were by no means uninformed as to some of the mostpopular uames in England. 'Bulwer.'and 'Captain Marryatt' were known to many of the chieftains but there was one iiaripe as familiar as a household word, and that was Mr Thomas llolloway's," the proprietor of the ce- lebrated Universul Oititvient, which I find is much in Persia. As far as I may judge myself, I recom- mend that Holloway's External Disease Pill, (an invaluable tonic and alterative) be taken as an •inxiliarV to the Ointment. They are most sur- prising discoveries." The above is high praise, to which we can add our own testimony as to the excel- lence of these grand specifics, in rheumatism, gout, cancer, scrofula, paralysis, wounds of all kiudø; in fact, in all external disorders whatever.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF COMMONS,—WEDNESDAY, APRIL 1. After the presentation of petitions, Sir JAMES GRAHAM, in rep'y to an enquiry by Mr. Hume, tated the terms of his intended ino tion on the subject of China,which are as follow, "That it appears to this H»u«e, upon theconsider- ation of the papers relating to China, presented to the House by command of Her Mnjesty, that the inter- ruption in our commercial and friendly intercourse with China, and the tiotilities, "Iiiett have since taken place, are mainly to be attribnted to the want of foresight and precaution on the part of Her Mil- jesty's present advisers with reference 10 our rela- tions with China, and more especially their neglect in not furnishing to the British Superintendent at Canton,powers and instructions calculated to provide against thegrowingevils arising from the contraband traffic in opium, and adapted to the novel and diffi cult situation in which the superintendent was placed." Mr. VILLIF-RS then b.-ought forward his long- threatened motion for a Committee on the Corn Laws. He began his argument by stating that the existing laws had worked ill for the agriculturists themselves, as well as had injured all other classes. He then contended that the fluctuation in prices consequent on the tawshod proved so detrimental to the farmers. as to induce them to withdraw much of their capital from the cultivatiou of wheat. This had been de- signated by the advocates of the existing law as a labourers' question," and the argument was, that the labourers' wag-es rise in proportion to the price of their food. That was not true. The rise was merely a trifling ad vance made by the farmers rather than have to maintain the labourers on the parish; to the landlords, indeed, the existing law was a gainful one, but to no other class. And of all the futile pleas in its favour, the most empty was that it benefited Ireland. Ireland was lIot ceneraHy a corn-growing country; and her population looked for employment to the manufactures of England. If the law was mischievous to the particular classes whom it assumed to benefit, much more did it injure the people at large. A rise of prices lets in foreign corn, and to pay for it, bullion is exported. This export obliges the Bank to contract its issues, and thus there is a diminution of pecuniary accommoda- tion, by which the mercantile and manufacturing interests sustain serious evil. It was true that large exports of British manufactures might be quoted; hut these were no conclusive tests of prosperity; they were consignments for forced sales at any loss, compelled by the exhaustion of the home market; for of course the people having more to pay for food had less to spend on other articles Mr. Nfillierti then described in detail the distress existing in Bolton, which he believed to be a just sample of the state of other manufacturing towns. He did not ask the Legislature to interfere because there was distress. but because the distress was owing to Ihe state of the law. There was now in our pons flour consigned from America. If it were allowed to come in, the American dealer's debts to the English manufacturer would be paid, and the starving people would be instantly relieved. The present law was the great obstacle to an arrangement with the corn-gro-iug countries of Germany for such a modification of their tariff as would be highly favourable to the extension of British manufactures. In conclusion, ihe Hon. Member insisted that this was not a question between landlord and manufacturer, but between the whole community and a section of it; and that if the House would not attend to the prayers of the large ma- jority of the people, it must look to be constituted anew. Lord DARUNGTON would agree that the ques- tion was not now, as it once was, i question between the manufacturer and the agriculturist; since the fuudholders and others now took part in it, probably supposing that they benefited themselves by lower- ing the price of bread, but riot perceiving that by that very act they were weakning their own secu- rities. He condemned the scurrilous tones adopted by a portion of the ami Corn Law press, and by the itinerant orators and preachers of that party. He commented at length on a paper of a more respectable chai-,icter-a printed speech of Mr. Baines,jun., in w ich Lord Darlington pointed out what appeared to him material errors. He admitted the importance of keeping prices steady, but showed, from a return on the table or Ihe House (exhibiting the prices in the various corn-growing districts of Europe), that England was actua ty the country in which the fluctu- ation was the least. Mr GHOTE followed in favour of the mo ion. Mr. D'ISRAELI argued that the commercial tariff of the continental states was whollv independent of the English Corn Laws. It was a serious question, he aid, how far it might be expedient to stimulate our population beyond the means of our own pro- duction. He set before the House the example of the distress which the Dutch suffered from the want of supplies in the nineteenth ceutury, just at the time when England ceased to be all exporting country, and warned her to abstain from the arrogant aspiration of becoming the work-hop of the world. Mr LABOUCHERE said, that what the Hon. Gentleman called all arrogant aspiration he would describe as the indomitable energy (Jf the British people, the real talisman of British greatness. He agreed with Mr Grattan that a nation which had n'tained such a position could not take an ordinay station. It was, therefore, our duty to protect and extend our manufactures. He was strongly opposed to the present law it had been 12 years in force, and had disappointed all its promises. It had ad- mitted the wildest oscillations, and secured no steadiness of supply. The Right Hon. Gentleman concluded by observing, in answer to a question by Sir Robert Peel, that the fixe(I duty which he would advocate, would not exceed 7s. or 8s. At the con- clusion of the Right Hon. Gentleman's speech, the House adjourned. HOUSE OF LORDS,—THURSDAY, APRIL 2. After passing the Consolidated Fund Bill, the House received a great number of petitions, the greater part of which were on the subject of the Corn Laws, and the question now in agitation re- specting the Scotch Church. Lord WESTMINSTER alluded to what he de- scribed to be an inconsistency between the opinions now expressed and those expressed 25 years ago oil the subject of the Corn L-i-q. Lord ASH BURTON, in almost the same terms which he had used on a former eveniug, stated that he had at the time alluded to, as uow and during all the interval, looked with the utmost anxiety to the working of the protection at that time established, and he entertained, and still continued to entertain, great fear of extreme protection to corn. The Nohl Lord concluded some additional remarks in answer to Lord Radnor, by moving "for returns of the highest and lowest average prices of wheal, with the difference per cent, in England, Pl-ugsia,&c., between the years 1813 and 1838, and for a paper in conti- nuation of a return of the average prices of flour, oals, and barley, which had beeu made up to July, 1839, and which he wished to have extended to January, 1840. Lord DUNCANNON presented certain papers relating to Canada, being correspondence which had taken place between the years 18.19 and 1823. The Noble Lord then moved that the order for the second reading of the Irish Corporation Bill oil Monday next should be discharged, and that the second read- ing be fixed for Friday, the 10th inst. lie also gave notice that the second readidg of the Printed Papers Bill would be moved on,Monday next. Lord IlEDESDALE then, on the part of the Bishop of Exeter, postponed the motion on the Ca- nada Clergy Reserves from this night till Tuesday, and observed that the question proposed to be sub- mitted to the Judges would be laid on the table on Monday next. A long debate ensued on the claims of the British Auxiliary Legion on the Spanish Government, in which Lord Londonderry, Lord Clarendonplhe Duke of Wellington, and Lord Melbourne were the -speakers. The first named Lord advocated the cause of the Legion in a style of bri 11 iaot warmth, and entered into a large variety of details tn sup- port of his views which were-attempted to be rebut- ted by the Earl of Clarendon. Viscount MELBOURNE positively refused to give up the papers called for by the Marquess of Londonderry, who thereupon gave notice that he would move for their production on the succeeding evening. However, on thesuggestion of the Duke of Wellington it was at length extorted from Minis- ters that a report on the subject by Mr Alcock, the British Commissioner, should be laid on the table. The Marquess of WESTMEATH then postponed, till the 91h instant, his motion relative to Poor Law Guckrdidiis in lielaiid. HOUSE OF COM MONS,-TiiuRsDA jr, APRIL 2. The General Steam Navigation Company's HilI" was read a third tilde and passed. Lord J. RUSSELL, in bringing "P the Bill on the subject of the Clergy in Canada, entered into some explanations to show that he had been mis- understood on a former occasion. So far from dis- approving of what the Governor of Canada had done in this matter, as was stated, his conduct met with the entire concurrence of Ministers. The Bill was read a first time, and a second reading fixed for Monday se'nnight. Mr MACKINNON gave notice of his intention to move for a Committee to inqure into the ciroum- "tanee attending the importation of Hill Coolies into British Guiana. A Committee on the (itirrender of opitim in China was proposed. From the composition of the Com- mittee, Sir H. HARDtNGE-ventllred to' predict that it would be impossible to place any confidence in the report, and he therefore suggested the propriety of postponing its appointment till the next day, in order that time might be given to make some modification in it. The suggestion was acceededto. Mr HERRIES called attention to the fact that tile Post-office return, itixt printed, differed by no less a sum than £80,000, from the same papers as were originally presented to the House. The CHANCELLOR of the EQCHEQUER said, that when the returns were on the eve of being printed, the Secretary of the Post-Office had writ- ten to him to state that there was a trifling mistake in the papers laid on the table, and upon that state- ment the alteration had been made. Lord J. RUSSELL gave notice of his intention to move, that the attendance of Mr. Sheriff Evans at thp bar be postp°ne^ till the 4th of May. The adjourned debate on the Corn Laws was then resinned by Mr. WODLHOU.SE, who advocated the existing system by adducing a variety of facts from statistical and other dats. The Honourable Mem- ber also combated at great length the opinions expressed by Mr. Jones Lloyd in his late pamphlet on the currency. Mr RICH contended that the duties on the im- portation of corn should be no higher than on other articles that came from abroad, and advo- cated a fhed duty. From 1774 to 1790, tinder the free system, prices had been steady, and five hun- dred thousand additional acres had been brought into cultivation. Under the present law the fluc- tuations had been extreme. It was to have pro- duced moderate prices, steady supply, and prosper- ity to at least the agricultural classes. All these anticipations had been disappointed. It had been .Aid. however, that so great a nation as ours should grow her own corn. Would you extend that argument to lea, to coffee, to Cotton ? A fixed duty would give not only a steady import, but a revenue whioh would preclude the necessity of any new tax. Captain HAMILTON deprecated the disturbance and the distress which must follow from a repeal of the present law. It was not for this densely peopled country to throw all the inferior lands out of cul- tivation, and render itself dependent on the states of Germany. A great landholder in Hampshire, now employing upwards of forty labourers, had informed him that if the present law were repealed he should be unable to employ more than fifteen. What. then, was to be the refuge of all the remain- der, displaced hy the abandonment of cultivation on the inferior lands ? The union workhouse, where they might expect, ere IOIIJ-, to be joined by their former masters. Lord MORPETH said that his persuasion of the impossibility of forming a Cabinet which would be linited in the particular view entertained by hitn. self had reconciled him to the consideration that on this question the present Ministry was divided in opinion. For his own part he wished a general interchange of produce between all parts of the world. He did not deny ttio expediency of some protecting duty, nor would he prejudge thp question whether it ought to be fixed or graduated, though his own iinpression Was in favour of the fixed. The argument against agitation was in favour of the side he espoused, for agitation could he stopped only by the removal of the grievance. But gentlemen were like the vestry in Oliver l'wiu, all struck with consternation, because the h ngry asked for more to eat. This motion might be negatived; but he was confident of eventual success. Mr G. KNIGHT observed, that if mere modifica- tion were desired, it would be idle to make a com- prehensive reference to a Committee, whioh eould produce nothing out disappointment. But the people were beginning to understand the subject, and to know that free trade in corn was not com- palible with high wages, and that its only effect would he that of enabling the master manufacturers to increase their own gains at the cost of the opera- tives and the landlords, and to grind their workmen still lower. No novelty had been produced since the rejection of this attempt in the last session, except one which he much regretted—the exhibition of a majority of the Cabinet Ministers in hostility to the agricultural interest, but sheltered under the high-minded expedient of an open question. The present law, though of course it could not controul the seasons, had much mitigated the evil arising from their inequalities. He appealed for support more especially to the members for Ireland, whose staple was agriculture. Mr PRYMF. proposed to add to the motion for a Committee, by way of amendment, the word" wilh a.view to the reduction of the average prices speci- fied in the table annexed to the Act (the 9th of George IV,) according to which the respective duties are imposed. He grounded his recommenda- on the argument that agriculture is entitled to a protectiou in proportion to that which ill given to other articles of general consumption. Mr W. DUNCOMBE opposed the motion for a Committee, and supported the propriety of maintain- ing the existing Corn Laws. Mr CLAY supported the original motion in a lengthy speech, in the course of which the Speaker had to cal 1 him repeatedly to order for transgressing the rules of the House. Mr Si I AW completely refuted Mr Villiers's statements as far as the exports of Ireland were concerned; and, after a few words ot explanation from the latter Hon. Member, the debate was again adjourned on the motion of Mr Hume. "# • HOUSE OF LORDS,—FRIDAY, APRIL 3. The Royal assent was given, by commission, to the following Bills The Consolidated Fund Bill, the Mutiny Bill, the Marin Mutiny Bill, the Ar- broath and Forfar Railway (improvement) Bill, the Manchester and Salford Union Cattdl Bill, the Cramond Bridge Bill, the Edinburgh Market and Petty Customs Bill, the Bolton Small Debts Bill, the Thames Plate Glass Company Bill, the Pro- testant Dissenters Life Insurance Company Bill, Perry's and Lloyd's Divorce Bills, with some Road and Inclostire Bills. The Earl of WINCHILSEA gave'notice that he would take the sense of the House on the second reading of the Municipal Corporations (Ireland) Bill. Among the petitions presented was one from the county of Aberdeen, praying that the House would not give its sanction to the Veto Act insisted on by the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland. The "arl of ABERDEEN said the petition was agreed to at a county meeting at which there was scarcely a dissentient voice, and that the petitioners prayed their Lordships not to give their sanction to the Veto Act as established by the General As- sembly. He begged to state that, whatever might be his opinion upon the general question of non- intervention, in the prayer of that petition he entirely concurred. The rema ining: petitions were principally on the subject of the Corn Laws. The Marquis of NORMANBY gave notice that on Monday he would make a statement, in conse- quence of what had recently fallen from the Duke of Buckingham, in order to show that there was no party-character in the late temperance processions in Ireland. The Metropolitan Police Courts Bill was read a third time and passed. Some papers of a miscellaneous nature, relating to Canada, were ordered, on the motion of the Bishop of Exeter, and their Lordships then ad. journed. "##4'1> HOUSE OF COMMONS,-FRIOAY, APRIL 3. After the presentation of numerous petitions, Mr PACKINGTON put several quef-tions on Cana diaa matters to Lord John Russell. Lord J. RUSSELL stated that, in case the debate on the Corn Laws should he fiuished thalllight, he would move the second reading of the Ecclesiastical Duties and Revenues Bill on Monday- Oil the motion of LordJ. RUSSELL, the order for the attendance of Jr. Shei-riff Fvalig at the bar, was enlarged from Ihe 6th of this month to the 6th of May. in the hope that by that time the Piinted Papers Bill would have passed rheH.Just> of. Lords. Mr FRESHFIKLD expressed his surprise that nothing had yet been done with respect to the per- sons still in confinement, and gave notice that, if no other Membei should call attentioll to the ilubjeet, he wonld himself do so. On the motion of Mr ABEL SMITH, acting for Mr Crawford, the following Members were ap. poiuted a Committee on the opium question :-Mr Crawford, Lord Viscount Palmerstou, Sir Robert Peel, Mr Charles Buller, Mr Herbert, Sir G* Staunton, Mr Gladstone, Mr colquhoun, Sir George Grey, Mr Hogg, MrJohu Elliot, Mr J. Abel Smith Mr. Parker, Lord Viscount Sandon, Mr Strutt, Sir VVm. Somerville, Sir Robert H. Inglis. Sir C. Lemon, Mr Edward Bulwer, Mr Clay, and Mr Horsuian. The debate on ihe Corn Laws was then resumed. Mr BROTH ERTON beg-an-He arraigned the landlords, stickled for the manufacturers, aud pro- promised many blessings to the commercial and labouring classes from the repeal, which he stoutly recommended. Mr G VERNON corrected Mr Villier's statement in several poiuts of detail. He drew a parallel between the agricultural and maoufaeturing popula. tion, and depreciated the object which the repeaters of the Corn Laws had at beort-ibe rotiversion of the rural labourer into a manufacturing operative, ground to the extremity of human endurance when employment was scarce, and dissolute and extrava- gant when it was plentiful. Peopte talked flippantly about dear bread as a positive evil; whereas dear. ness and cheapness were relative term*, and dear bread was no evil to men whose wages were pro- portioned to its price. Nor would he lay out of his consideration the enormons mass of property Irrevo- cably invested in the land on the faith of a permanen1 protection. And he warned the House against the danger of placing this country at the mercy of Russia and Prussia for the supply of her food. Mr Orrnsby Gore, Mr Bennett, and Mr Wilbrahani followed on the same side, avoiding any appeals to passion or political prejudices, but resting their arguments on clearly ascertained facts. Mr PARKKR said, that the repeal wauld at this moment be peculiarly seasonable, because America happened to have a large surplus of corn, and England a large surplus of manufactured goods. He was anxious for a Committee, in the hope ihut some- thing might there he agreed on which wou'd It* satisfactory to all parties. The manufacturers nought no special benfit or bounty they asked only a free field and fair play. Sir R. PEEL said, that the three principal argu- ments of the supporters of the motion were, the drain of bullion, the fluctuations of price, and the depres- sion of manufactures That the drain of bullion was not wholly, nor necessarily attributable to the Corn Laws, was proved, not only by the authoriiy of the Manchester Chamber of Commerce, and of Mr Jones Lloyd, and others, who attributed the whole evil to the Bank of England, but by the fact that similar drains took place in other countries which had no such restrictions on the importation of corn-nay, at this moment, even iu America, the great corn- exporting country, and had occurred in England in 1825 and 1836, when there was no demand for corn. Undoubtedly the suddenness of such demands in- creased the chance of a drain of bullion; but corn was an article for which the sodden demand was not to be prevented by any human legislation. This was an inevitable danger, but a danger which would be mach increased, if, when your repeal had diminished your own production, a scarcity of corn on the con- tinent should oblige its Governments lo stop your sup- plies for the sustenanceof their own people. The next objection was the fluctuation of prices. 00 this subject he argued on the authority of documents that the fluctuations under the present law had not been greater than the fluctuations during periods when England was a corn-exporting country. The third complaint was, that an enormous fallihg-off had occurred in our manufactures Feeling, as he did, that this country is indebted to its mauufactnres for its high position iu the scale of nations, and that the manufacturers are the best friends of the agricul- tural interest itself, he had been much alarmed at this assertion, but was consoled to And, on resorting to documentary evidence.that the contrary was the fact. It was admitted that there had been an increase of exports but this increase was described .1 as an index of distress rather than of prosperity; it was said to be the incapacity of the home consumer to continue his purchases which had driven the munufaoturer to attempt forced sales abroad. This was a strange argument. If' there had been a de- crease of exports instead of an increase, should we have been permitted to contend that such decrease was an index of prosperity ? But the distress alleged was negatived by all the lest which it was practicable to resort to. He then, in order lo prove the healthy state of the home demand, referred to the Customs, the Excise, and the large.votispnapiioil of various articles of common use. The question now to be decided (continued the Right Honour- able Baronet) wa* not whether there should he this or that modification, but whether there should be a total repeal. No modified protection had been specifically suggested by anybody but the Pre-identof the Board of Trade, who inclined toa fixed duty of Ss. That would not IIAtillfy the movcr and his friends, whose arguments went to refuse all protection whatever. Mr Labouchere, however, had proposed that when the price of corn should rise to 70s, tho duty should be removed. For the effectuation of this arrangement you must keep up all the machinery of the present averages; and whit a temptation would you then hold out to foreigners to keep back their corn till you> price reached 69s. 6d., and then pour it in at 708. But suppose the duty tobe enacted simply all a fixed one. When a very high price should occur, no Government could help removing such a duty; and once reiupved, it could never be replaced. (Mr Labouchere intimated across the table that he had no intention of actually proposing his plan.) If, then, proceeded Sir R. Peel, that plan were not to be proposed, the Com- mittee would h.,ve before it no proposal at all from any Member of the Government and proposalx from individual Members of Parliament were exem- plary excluded by the manner in which Mr Pryme's suggestion had been received by the mover of the Committee, who had characterised it as nothing less than an i,isidosis" attempt. Why, then, the real object of the whole proceeding was a total repeal, upon the, universal principle of free trade. That was a magnificent theory; hut to carry it out you must repeal all your navigation laws, all the preferences allowed to your colonial produce, all the protections afforded to your manufacturers And, considering the greatness which this country had achieved under (he would not suv whether by reason of) an opposite system, he coill(I not now consent, for the purpose of an experiment, to put in hazard ihe vast and various interests which the adoption of this motion would di-turb. As soon as Sir Robert Peel had set down, Mr WAUBURTON moved the adjournment of the de. bale. The motion was opposed and a division took place, when there appeared, for the adjournment, 129; against it, 245; leaving a majority of 119 against the adjournment of the debate. Mr WAR BURTON then moved, "that the House do now adjourn. The SPEAKER put the question without com- menlary, and declared that" the ayes had i! amidst the loud cheers and laughter of the Conser- vative tnljoity, who had adopted and carried the motion of the Hon. Gentleman. The House accordingly immediately adjourned, at ha'f.past one o'clock-flius putting all end to the debate without any division on the merits. "ø,# HOUSE OF LOR DS,-MoNDAY, APRIL 6. Several petitions were presented; among them some very strong ones against the Irish Coiporatiou Bill. Lord NORMANBY laid on the table the report of the Naval and Military Commission. The Printed Papers Bill was read a second lime, after an able and elaborate speech by the Lord Chancellor, and a manly vindication of the constitu- tional law of the kingdom by Lord Denman. The Duke of WELLINGTON gave his sanction to the second reading with the view of amending the Bill in committee. The Marquess of BUTE agreed with the Noble Duke that further provisions were necessary to give to the subjects of this realm that protection to which they were entitled, and which was more particularly called for by the manner in which the privilegesof Parliament. had been exercised during the last few years. He did not wish that remark to attach exclusively to the House of Commons—but this he must say, that the House of Lords had exer- cised their privileges less annoyingly to their fellow subjects than the House of Commons. No one could take up the volumes of evidence printed by the two houses of parliament,without seeing that the House of Lords was much more cautious than the House of Commons in striking out the names of parties who were likely to be injured by the publi- cation of their enquiries. What had rendered the House of Commons so bold of late years it was not for him to say, but the matter was most glaring and what rendered it most offensive was, that the name of the member asking the obnoxious questions was now invariably printed. When he saw Hon. Members calling before them parties filling high judicial sta- tions,0 aud compelling thetn to answer questions which must injure individvuls, he thought no privilege of parliament, ought to shelter those who put such questions. He thought that they ought to be liable to actions in a. court of law. It was arranged that the Bill should be committed to-day, with an underiauding that the final decision should not take place before Lord Lyudhurst's re- turn to the House. .ø>4'.ø'4"I'I# HOUSE OF COMMONS,—MONDAY, APRIL 6. A great number of petitions was presented among them one from Norfolk, signed by 4,000 Protestants, against any further grants to Maynooth College. 11 Sir W. MOLKSWOR TH. at the:reqnest of Sir J. Oraham, conceded the priority to tho latter gentle- man's motion on China 'he next day. Lord JOHN llUSSRLL said that he should on Wednesday week move an adjournment of the House fot a fortnight. Lord JOHN RUSSELL then moved the second reading of the Ecclesiastical Duties and Revenues Bill, which had stood over from last month, for the purpose, as it was understood, of considering certain alterations proposed by a committee from the deans and chapters. Those alterations, however, have not been deemed worthy of adoption; and Lord John brought forward the measure without announcing any material changes in it, except the relinquishment of the principle of annexing parochial duties to the stalls, the exemption of Christ Church College from the provisions of the Bill, and the inclusion of all til,- bishops, as members, cxofficio, of the Ecclesiastical Commission. Sir ROBERT INGLIS was strongly opposed to the whole principle of the enactment. He.considered it an unjustifiable confiscation, a conversion to oito purpose of property settled to another. He feared it would lead to the total destruction of the cathedral system; and in the hope of defeating it, he would move to defer the second reading till that day six months. Sir ROIURT PEEL declared himself favourable to the proposal recommended, as it was by the corn mission which hn had himself originated when in office. He had advised the Crown to issue that com- mission from his strong conviction that a great effort was necessary on the part of this country to remedy the spiritual destitution of the people. and that this effort would not be induced without an example set by the church herself, of making some sacrifice from her higher incomes to supply the wants of religious instruction. Mr ESTCOURT agreed that a great effort was necessary, for the redress of the present destitution but he thought it should be made under the directiou of the Church herself, not under a commission, which might probably thereafter, though it did not then, comprehend a section of laymen disposed to apply her resources in a manner adverse to her interests. Mr LAMBTON said he would support the bill,but was not inclined to divert the eclesiastical property of one diocese to the exigencies of others while its own were unsatisfied, which he stated to be the case of the diocese of Durham. Sir W. FOLLE IT wished the second reading post- poned for a little while, that members might be made acquainted with, and have time to consider, the sug, gestions made by the deans and chapters. In that recommendation he was secouded by Mr. Gladstone and Lord Teignmouth Mr Cr. VERNON supported the Bill, the principle of which, he said, was that of Queen Anne's Bounty. Mr BAlNfES then took a little ride upon his broken-down hobby, the first fruits and tenths question. MrGOULBURN quietly reminded Mr Baines, that the Ecclesiastical Commission, of which he ascribed the merit of Lord J. Russell had, in fact, been issued by the advice and under the administration of Sir R. Peel. His own ipotive for supporting the present bill was his feeling of'the strong necessity now exist- ing for a remedy to the spiritual destitution of the people. Mr LIDDELL went at some length into the peculiar circumstances of the diocese of Durham. Mr. LAW was opposed to the bill, of which he censured divers particular provisions. Several other members desired to reserve them- selves oil the points of detail. Lord J. RUSSELL said that, with respect to that which constituted the principle of the bill, lie thought there were two main grounds on which such a mea- sure might properly be said to rest-the expediency of amending defects which time had allowed to creep- into the cathedral system, and the necessity of pro- viding resources to meet the admitted dearth of spiritual instruction. Those were the objects for which he proposed the second reading, any improve- ment ill the means of e-trectilig them being the proper subject of consideration in Committee. It ceriarnly was not his plan to attach parochial duties to all the preferments with which this act would deal. Some clergymen were peculiarly qualified by zeal, elo- quence, and popular address to produce great affects, both in the pulpit and in private exhortation, among the parishioners of Ijirge distri t. Others, who possessed not these gfifts, were yet capable of equally serving the cause of religion in another department, by able and I.pnied writings. The latter class of men, as well as the former, should find some provision in our church. He had no objection, if the Committee of the deans and chapters^ had none, to lay upon the table their suggestions with the answer thereto, all of which might be perused by Members before the Bill should go into Committee. A division then took place, by which the second reading was carried. On the motion for the second reading of the Bill for Lord Beaton's annuity, Mr HUM F. protested agaiust the principle of creat ing Peers not possessed of private fortunes sufficient to maintain their dignity. When a pension granted by the- stite was the only resource, the cessation of that pension must leave the future Peer a dependent on the Minister, instead of being an independent member of the Legislature. He wished to see lawyers, and soldiers, and others created Peers for their own lives only. Or. in this case, let Lord Seaton's services be estimated in one sum of money. The Bill was read When the Admiralty Court Salaries Bill came on, Cotunnt 8IBTHORP tfesired to know why Mr Hume, who was so loud and zealous against a grant to Lord Seaton, was so easy and silent on the subject of a grant to Dr. Lushington. Mr HUME promised to get up an opposition on the next stage of the measure.

BANK OF ENGLAND. Quarterly Average of the Weekly Liabilities and Assets, from Jan. 7, to March 31, 1840, buth inclusive, aud published pursuant to the Act 3 aud 4 Wm. IV., cap. 98. LIABILITIES. I ASSETS. Circulation £ Id, 818,000 Securities t23,113,000 Deposits.. 7,704,000 I uuiiiuii. 4,360,000 £ 24,5^2,000 1 t27,473,000 Downing Street, April 2, 1840.

LONDON MONP, Y MARKET. (From the official list, containing the business actually transacted.) CLOSING PRICES OF BRITISH STOCKS—WEDNKSHAY Hank Stock. 174 5 ex div India Stock, < per ct Red. 90 89 ex div India Bonds, 1 3 pm 3 per crnt. Cons., 90 1 1 South Sea Stock,- 3J pr ct. Anns. 1818 Bank Stock for OPIZ. — 3i pr ct. Red, 9S1 ex div Consols for Acc. 9IJ I New 3 per Ctl. 991 India Stock, for Otig. — Long Anns, i860, 13 9-164 £ 1000 Ex. Dills 24 2 4 pm ex div £ 500 do. 24 2 4 pm Do, 30 yrs, 1859, Shut Small do. 212 4 pm Do, 30 yrs 1860,1:11 Do Cominer 24 2 4 ptn PRICES OF FOllEION STOCKS.—WEDNESDAY. Austrian. — Portuguese 3 pr Ct., 241 Belgian, — D'"°.Acc^>a— Brazilian, • Russian. 113| Ditto Acc., Ditto Metallic- Columbian, 6 lier Ct. Span. pr cts.- Do. Bonds, 1824. 24} 5 Do Ace. 2711 El Ditto Account, 24; Ditto Passive, Danish. 774 8 Ditto Deferred. Mexicnn 5 percent.— Fr. Rentes, J prct. Ditto Acct., 1837 FiLchange. Do. 6 Cent.,— Ditto Accouut. Do. Deferred, Dutch 5 per et., 981 j Portuguese 5 per cent Do. Account, Ditto New 5 per cent 3411 New Loan, 5 pr Ct., Ditto Account, — SHAKES. [The following are the fctual quotations, without reference to premium or discount. J Riiymney lrnn,- South Eastern & Dover, H United Mexican (issued at Loud. Joint Stock Ihuk., t2 J2 pin.), I.ond. & West Bank, 23 21 Brazilian Imperial (issuell General Steam Nav., at E5 pm). Birmingham & Derby, Australian Agricultural, — Birming. & Gloucester, — London & Blackwall,— (Ireat North of Kngland,— Loudon & Brighton, 240i i Assam Company, Do., Qr. Shares, — Great Western. 7111 Noi-tli Nlidlind Do" New, 32 Manchester & Leeds, 75 4 Do., New. ISl 00. New, 24 Loudon and Greenwich,— LATEST PRICES OF METALS. Copp.r-Brlt. Cake, ton 96 00 Tile, 94 0 0 Sh,eets.i)er lb oi I 0 Bottoms .••••" • 0 J 1 Foreign—S. American (dy 37s owl) b<l..ton. 87 0 0 Tin Britisil-Blocks ewt 4 0 0 Barg .cwt 4 2 0 Plates,common I t» J J" to I |2 to best Der <11 10 to I ,8 box' l> 2 2 0 to 2 4 0 Wasters of tlie above Rfks 3s less, all others Si less. (Others in proportion.) • Foreign— ( Banca, bd. cwt 3 17 duly Straits, tiJ. «wl 3 U per cwt. B,«r». bd. cwt 4 4 « Lead, British Pig ton }« ton H 10 0 Shot ton 20 10 0 ton 19 10 # While (<lry> 30 U 0 1 32 an,i 2t;to0 Litharge ton 19 100 foreign—Span'uli (dy *0s v*rton)b4 loll 17 |« 0 Iron BritUh, p'U.No. 1—ton .500 Har-ton 0 0 0 to 9 0 0 Cargo III mies 8 0 0 Bolts ton » 10 0 Nail Hods ton 10 0 < Hoops ton J1 0 0 Sheets, single ion 11 0 D (Others In proportion.) Foreign— Swedes, en bd too 13 10 0 (T for Steel, (v^r niks) Duty 80,. for ton £ 16 0 U to 35 0 0 per ton Russia com. tun 13 10 0 f Fi t .ton 14 10 0 V c c N B ton 18 10 0 Steel, Brit —Blistered, (various qualit. ton 25 « 0 to 45 00 Shear ditti» ditto 45 0 0 lo 84 0 0 Cast ditto ditto 45 0 0 to 84 00 Foreigi —f Swedes In k«s bd ton 19 • 0 Duty?# Ditto Faggots n<l ton )9 10 0 percent, f Milan h«l too 3't 0 0 Speller, For-—Cakes do31. per ton bd ton. SO 5 0 English Sheets 39 (> 9 Quicksilver—dy Id per. lb" bd lb. 0 4

AGRICULTURE$COMMERCE. LONDON MARKETS. >. GKNBRAL AVERVGK P UQ PS OF CO RLq. per Quar Computed from the Inspectors' Retains. CENKaiL Aviaaoc—WEKK EAVING March 8. *i- s. «t. Wheat 6» 1 Rye. 31 1 Barter S9 9 B*ans 41 0 Oats 99 0 Peas 40 7 AQSSESATB Avsaaos OF LAST SIX WCSKS. s. d. ». (I. 67 7 Rye..„ 37 2 B*rley 39 0 Beaut 40 0 Oats 75 3 Peas 40 3 DUfY ON FOREIGN CORN. s. d. s rf Whsat IS 8 Rje 14 0 B"ley 3 4 Beans • 6 Oats 9 3 Peas 9 6 CORN ECHANGE-LJJonday, April 6th. Wheat, Kent and Emet, 1 Pes», YVlUte, per qr 6.1k f I Per qr 67, &73« Grey 38. i'jts Norfolk 58* 72* Bollcn 4i« Suffolk 60H 7>u lleaiis jg, J* 2s* Tick Barley.. 27s 33* O its, Potatoe 34« Fine 3$j 45< Poland 30, jjj, Malt. 65, /}( Feed jj, HAY MAIIKE I'S, Saturday-At per load 0( 36 Trusses. SMLTHFIELD. WH 1TECH APier. s. s. ■ « Coarse heavy Low- • Coarse keavy Low- land Meadow Hay. 80 to 85 land Me..dow Hay 75 to AO Useful ditto SS Co »8 | Useful Jltto 8<j to FineUulaml.Vleado«v ( K.neU»htudMevl.nr and Ryet>ra-s Hay 50to 93 I andK? graas Hay 90 to 95 Clover Hay Mo to 120 I Clover Hay 9* m6 Oat Straw 38 to 40 J On' Straw 3# to 4t) Wheat Straw 40 to 42 I VVh^at Straw 40 10 43 PRICES OF HOPS~ New Kent Pockets t<( ;0, t0 tti ChulCa. Ea'tKe"t Pocket. 9\1. tø "611 Kem Bag. 70* to 90s—Choice and ISa t Kent <M to 195a Suxaex Pucke.a to Yea'rliug Pockets and Ba^s 4?t i » 5fi« Pp. Choice and East Kent —« to 70^ —Old Ho' 20« to 4>ts. SMITHFIELP MARKRT.-MONDAY. .Per stone of 8|bi t» «iuk jl, niiai Beef 3. 4d to 4s 4'd to 4s ltd | Pork.. 4a 3 1 to 4> 8.1 in s. a 1 £ is I Bea-I of Cattle this day. J8" 2,875 | Calvea 7t S"»e" 21,410 [ Pitts ttl7 "RICS OF COAI.S, per Toil. Wallsend-THelton's, Lmbt-Bt.%ewartla 24. M toUU Gd A .ain, Qt 0.1—We^t Hai tlgy 0d—Wylam's 20s 6d BRITISH AND FORKIGN WOOIJ3—Per lb, BII.IT,-14lauket,7d to Hd-Colllbinll', 15.1 to iW-Flaoail 13d to 18.1.-Flmce WOOMT-N. and S. D»w.. Hoggets, la 61I BQM T ri 'V1 6d •" '» *1 *«♦ Is 6«1. 3' °J 5' «<l-L»Wer qualities. U ld to i! « i r ^r"lU" *l-Werior "'em.-u's Land, c eau, 2a 2d 10 in 6J LOCA.,L, lJIARKETS. BRKCON. VfaeaUmp bu..8« 01 toOaOJ. Beaf (per lb.) td t.,#j 5»-W- °"-0d- 7,i 0J it Y L"mb (,;v,uqtVd" 14 1. ^d. -Skim Cheese.. 5d. to 0d BHWTOLT CORN EXCHANGE Per Quarter. Per Quarter. ». d. t. d. j, J tjfheat, Kt)4. 48 o-io 72 ■» Rye 3g § 1. an White 74 to 6 a Be aim New 4t •» to 44 Barley,GrindiiiK 28 t0 32 0 'oW.. 4S 5U nt m*'UbS 42 to 47 a Peas, Hog.. 42 a to 44 Oats, Feed.4 18 o to SO- a Bolters.. 48 o to 52 Potatoe 24 o 4. 26L 72ato 81 Ploar, Fius |>«r s«ck280lbs. 56 » to 58 a Second. a to 54 o n Tb"'d,, 38 o to 40 a' Pollard, per toia 135 « to IW. Krall oto 130 a Pit[CES CE:RitE N,r o r LEATHER. c. d, fl. rI Hides, perUi. UI0I8 Horse.Butt* per lb.. lOtol* or«:Sii Hides J]^J3 Call'Skins.beat. 24 gfi Utht *,ireign Mid. 12 13 Call'Skins,common.. 18 24 Heavy ditto 13 14 TrUli Sims 12 14 EnitM, mat. 14 19 Welsh Kkina.v.v.;> J* Bc'irVi uTi'ViYi" 't 17 Kips, Euglisli&YVrlsb 13 17 Beat Saddler. Hide* 14 15 Foreign Kips, Peters Common ditto burgh. 17 20 Shaved ditto 14 174 F«rei|[n Kips. Ea,l Shoe ditto 12 13 India 14 Coin.non ditto 12 13 Small Seal Skina J 18 Welsh ditto.. II 13 ditto 14 IK Best Bull ditto 11 £ IJJ l.ar^e ditto 12 13 Common II IU Uxsilj 6 II Horse tl.n<English).. « 14$arrkL.. jVel»b ditto 1| 13 Pomigu Beltica U}. German ditto 13 16 Shoulders Si II Spanish ditto t4 21 OreasiuKHide Bellies.. 84 9 Shaved do. without slioniders.. 10 11 butta,Ha. to I tm.OJ.eacli. CARDIFF. *.••<11 £ a A Wheat, per Imp. qr 3 12 10 { Beans 2 11 ta ""ley 1 12 SjPeaa. I IS & O.tts 1 4 6 I Hay, par ton 6 (j u> CAtmAHTHHN. Wi.eat,aver. per 1Ilalt 14,.O..toIO bushel 9 tjton 0 t Salt Butter, pei lb 1 0 <1 t> Barley 0 0 0 0 | Frr„h, ditto, 14 1 » Oats 2 3j 0 0 j Cheese, ditto 0 40or COWB RIDGE. Wheat (imp.bJIOs. Oil ]1. 0,1. Ve. I 0s 61 0, Barley .5s. urf 5». Oil. Pork. II*. (U osl' U.i Uat* 3s. ltd 3s. till.. Lamb 0*. 0d. !> Otl Clover, (.e• III.. — M.I — 0d. Butter I< Id. 9* IMS Beef, per tb 0a. 61. 0a. 7d. Cheese (best) 0». 7d. Os. 74 Mutton (perlh.) 0« 7d os. Od. Cheese (com.)0». 5«i. 0* Oil MERTHYR^ B "? ?'m,r 6" OtoO 0 Beef, per lb V Wo« « But ef frr^' *7. ° 0 button 0 ff 1 » nil 1 n Per"» 1 3 0 0 I, 0 • 9 O Ditto, suit. 1 1 0 o Veal j) 7 a « fowls, percouple i 0 3 6 Pork o 7 o i» Duck.,dmo. « 0 • 0 chee.; s £ Egys. perhund. 6 0 0 0 B»COo per wore..8 3 0 » MONMOUTH. Wheat per qr. imp. 76s 1,1. Berne -4. 0J Barley »<. 4a. 1 Peas «■ Ui» Od. I HIGH WATER AT BRISTOL, Sic. (Front Bunt's Tide Table.) HIGII ATER. Curnb. Bathurst DAYS. Morn. Even. Gates. Gates. -j APRIL H. « H. M J FT, I NC. FT< INC;, Sttmtay 12 3 32 4 141 24 3 1:1 ol Monday 13 4 39 5 101 26 10 157 Tuesday 14 5 30 5 fi6 29 0 17 9 Wednesday .15 6 la 6 36 30 5 19 35 Thursday 16 6 48 7 8 31 1 19 10» Friday 17 7 18 7 36 21 3 20 l> Saturday IB 7 47 8 71 31 1 IS» EQUATION OF THE TIDES. These Equations, applied to the above Table, will pe the Approximate Times of High Water, at the fellotainir Places on the Coasts of England and Wales. H- M- H.Mr Aberystwith. add 0 15 Liverpool. add 4 6- Caernarvon add 1 45 Newport, Mon.. sub 0 30» Cardiff Itoad sub. 0 53 Portsmouth add 4 24< Cardigan Bar sub. 0 15 Swansea Bar sub 1 15< Carmarthan Bay snb. 1 5 Thames' Mouth sub 5 45< Chepstow sub. 0 13

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