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Ina itilloittiloilitc.

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Ina itilloittiloilitc. VISITATIONS will be held at Newport, on Tuesday next; and at Usk, on Thursday. TOWVSBND, who was found guilty of sedition at Monmouth Assizes, passed through this town on Wed- nesday evening last, on his way to London. It ap- pears the Secretary of State sent, requesting his at- tendance on him, but it is not known for what pur- pose Lord John Russell wished to see him. Ford, the Governor of Monmouth Gaol, was with him. His family are very influential in the neighbourhood of Newport, where about 400 persons assembled, and cheered him while the coach passed; he is quite a young man and very intelligeut.-Cheltenkam Exa- miner. DISNER TO R. BLMCEMORE, ESQ.. M.P.—This dinner was given, as we announced before, yesterday week. Te chair was taken by the Rev. George Roberts, Vicar. On the right of the Chairman sat Mr Blakemore, Messrs. Jones, of Liitiarth, Mr Powles, Captain Cane, Mr Purelias-oii the left, Mr Roberts (Drybridge), Mr Oakley, Mr Greatrex.and Dr. Tyser. A mongst the gentlemen we noticed Mr Dyke (Mayor), Mr C. Tyler, Mr Meredith, Mr Thompson, Mr Maddox, Mr J. Powles, jun., Mr W Prosser. Rev G. Moti- nington, Rev. Mr Gosling, Rev. Mr Nevins, &c &e. On the right of the Vice-chairman. Mr Amphlctt. was the Rev. Mr Powell, on the left Mr Marcer. About eighty sat down to dinner, which was served up in Mr Whiting's usual good style. The portion of the room immediately behind the Ch*irm»n was taste- fully decorated with evergreens and flowers. The utmost hilarity prevailed, and the company seemed all well pleased with the entertainment. Mr Blake- more appeared in good health and spirits. MAGISTRATES' MEETlNG._SEP. II. [Present, Hon. W. RODNBY, F. H. WILLIAMS, Esq., and the Rev. G. W. GABB.] Thomas Ingrain, summoned for non-payment of 18s. 4d. poor-tax, not appearing, a warrant of distress was ordered. John Symes, toll collector, charged with assaulting Mrs Sarah Ditvies, on the 29th of August. Filled Is. and costs. William Baber, summoned upon a charge by Ed. Osland, for leaving four hogsheads, &c. 111 liios Lane, longer than the time necessary for loading or unload- ing. Mr Baber admitted the fact, but defied the complainant to prove that they had been a nuisance or injury to any one. Fined 5s. and costs. Denner and Marks, constables, were then called and addressed to the following effect, by tUe on.\Cth?lr" man —I have a serious charge aga'l,st you. wljlcl] been made by the gaoler of the House of Correction at Usk, that the last four prisoners whom you took from here, when delivered to him, were in a state of intoxication, which is very discreditable to yourselves and to the division to which you belong. The Ma. gistrates consider it a very serious offence, and think you ought not to be allowed your elpences. The constables then said, that only oue prisoner was drunk, and he was in that state when he left Aber- gavenny. Mr Rodney then told them they would be forgiven this time but, if at any future time a prisoner was drunk when delivered to the gaoler, the constable would be fined the full penalty of 40s. The Bench was occupied some time in examining the pauper lunatic returns. [Before Rev. W. POWELL, F. H. WILLIAMS, Esq., and the Rev. G. GABB.] SEP. 18th.—Eliza Roberts, beer-seller, in the parish of Llanfoist, charged with selling beer on Sun- day, Sep. 1st, before the hour of one in the afternoon. This erase was very ably de/en Baker, but the Magistrates fined the defendant 40s. and costs. The same Eliza Roberts was charged with permit- ing drunkennesson the premises, This compiaint was withdrawn. n George Smith, Charles V,Up !lnd Jol>n Lewis, charged with assaulting Davi earce, at Blaenavon, on theGth of September The Magistrates admonished them, and dismissed them with paying 6s. costs. John Preece, charged with being n» pursuit of gamo with a guu and two dogs, on tne augar-loaf Hill, on the Manor of Llandilo, belonging to the Earl of Aber- gavenny, on the 9th of September, Preece not ap- pearing, the Magistrates ordered the full penaltv of 40s. to be inflicted, and in default of Payment, one month's imprisonment with hard labour. The de- fendant we understand has absconded. Five publicans and beer-sellers appeared to answer to informations laid against then but the informer not appearing, they were a ,S^arf^d- We hope this will act as a caution to them ror the future. .ø, ,IF FAIRS FOR THE ENSUING WF.EK. Monmouthshire.-Abergavenny, Wednesday, 25. Bre,conshire.-Crickhoweii,,ruesday.24; Maes-y- Cynforth, Saturday, 28; Tal/frtl' M«'«lay, 23. Radnorshire.—Pain's Castle» Monday, 23; Peny- bont, Friday, 27 Rhayadr, Thursday, 26. Cardiganshire.-Lampeter, rhursday, 26; Llanarth, Monday, 23; Lluast NeWydd, Monday, 23; Rhos, Wednesday, 25. „ t Carmarthenshire.—Laugharn, Saturday, 28; Llan- dilo-fawr, Saturday, 28; IJangathan, Monday, 23; Llanddarog, Friday, 27. Pembrokeshire.—H a ver ford west, Monday, 23; Mwnoton, Wednesday, 25; Narberth, Tuesday, 24; Pembroke, Moudoy, 23, THE LITERATURE OF WALES. No.1. THE REV. J. BRAY has just published his Essay on the means of promoting the Literature of Wales; a subject of peculiar importance to every Welstitnin,- of paramount importance to every oDe, in whose bosom the amor patriae glows with any warmth whatever. A man who really loves his country,—a man who desires to feel a sort of genuine brotherhood for every nation upon earth,—at least for every civilised nation, will not easily brook the idea that while *he archives of his native land are rich in historical as well as legend- ary lore, the world should be no wiser for them that the world in fact should be ignorant of their existence altogether; and that, in consequence, his country should be reckoned as one that has made no advancement in learning, equal with the advantages which it has possessed. Mr Bray's Essay is styled also "an inquiry into the causes which have contributed to the better success which has attended the cultivation of letters in Eng- land and Scotland." We do not promise that we shall follow the author through every point of his inquiry; nor even that we shall confine ourselves to those which he has singled out for his consideration. We deem the subject of more than sufficient import- ance to bring before our readers; and if we but introduce Mr Bray's Essay to a little more extended circulation amongst those whom it is designed to benefit, we shall not consider the slight labour of putting these remarks together, entirely thrown away. Of the Essay itself, we shall premise, that the subject of it was proposed for competition by the London Cymreigyddion Society; and that to Mr Bray the prize was awarded;—the adjudicators being Sir BENJAMIN HALL, Bart., M.P.,and A. J. Joli-is, Esq., Barrister at Law. Of the Welsh Language we have more th:in once expressed our decided opinion that, as a spoken tongue, everyday will see it more and more decrease. Nay more, under present circumstances, we conceive it desirable that it should cease to be spoken. If we are asked, what is it that now most retards the advancement of our native population, in all that rel-itegto the conveniences and the eleganciesof life, in all that appertains to Literature and Science, we answer at once,—the retention of the Welsh language and for one very obvious reason, amongst many others that might easily be adduced, the absence of native Literature. This absence is not a total absence but it is more than sufficient to account for the compara- tive state of education amongst the English and Welsh, or the Scotch and the Welsh. For it is not enough to point to a few good books, nor to a few good translations, in the native tongue. I f, as is the case, the original publications in Eng- liih, are as a million to one of the Welsh, we have a right to designate the latter country, as something more than comparatively destitute of Literature. But again it may be answered, that works of vast importance,—works that would shed lustre on any age and nation, are in existence; and only wait the fostering care of our wealthy, our literary, and our learned, to bring them to the light of day, that they may contribute their quota to the general stock of knowledge in the world. It may be so; but what present hope is there, first, for the publication at all of these productions; secondly, for their issue in such force as really to have any considerable effect on the literature of the land ? Take the Mabinogion for example. What has it required for their production ? The munificence, the learning, and the industry combined, of Lady CHAR- LOTTE GUEST. And till all these were found united in a single individual, they were a sealed book. Then again what effect have they had, or can they be supposed likely to have on the literature of Wales? They may prove indisputably a most in- teresting point iu antiquarian lore,-that from Wales, the story tellers and the bards of other countries, drew their inspiration;—that Cambria has been the fountain, they the streams which conducted them over the world. The Mabinogion are interesting as fairy tales; as shewing the taste of by-gone ages; as throwing some light on the peculiarities, the manners and customs of preceding centuries. But what more can they effect 1 Can they do anything to raise the literary character of this er any country? Not a whit I But in history :-How many years has it taken to bring about the publication of that single work, the Libcr Landavensis? -and that only through the agency of a very powerful body of exalted indivi- duals. This is not the way that the most valuable and standard works in any other language are now produced. And while the literature of Wales has to e put before the world, only after such great and ong sustained, and expensive efforts as these, can it be hoped that she will ever have a literature of her own. a literature that will suffice for the education of her sons; or satisfy the reading appetite of a highly educated people? Having said thus much; we are now in a condition to repeat our exact opinion, and our especial desires, as respects the native language of the Cymru. We wish to see it takes its stand along with other classi- cal tongues, now read only in books, not used as the means of conventional intercourse. We wish to see whatever is valuable amongst its manuscripts, spread more generally over the libraries of the lovers of literature, by moans of the press. But if the in- tercourse with England is to continue; if English funds are to bo employed, as heretofore, in changing the valuable ores which lie beneath the surface of its majestic hills, and lovely dales, into that which con- tributes to the comforts and conveniences of mankind; if English capital is to be expended in fostering native industry as heretofore if considerable attain- ments are to be made in the arts and sciences as prac- tised on the eastern side of the Welsh boundary,— then it must be by cultivating a deeper and deeper acquaintance with the English tongue; and that to such a degree, as to interfere most materially with the preservation of the native language as a spoken tongue. Wales is too honest, too grateful, we hope, to deny that it is to England she owes her present greatness; and Wales will in practice pursue the course we have here laid down. More than that; sh" is now pursuing it: she has been doing so for years; and she has thereby given something considerably more than an earnest, that she will not readily depart therefrom. We are sure in thus speaking our sentiments so boldly and so openly, we shall give no offeuce to any one. Or if we do, it will only be to those who forget that we desire above all things, the prosperity of Wales, its advancement in commerce, its superiority in arts, its excellence in the sciences and the spread of true Christianity over its whole length and breadtb; and therefore that the only difference there can be between us, is as to the means of its accomplishment. Mr BRAY has even gone farther than we. He insti- tutes a close comparison between Wales, Scotland and Switzerland. He shews that Wales" in point of locality is far more favourably situated than Switzer- land, and admitting her external advantages in seaports to compensate her deficiences in respect of internal communication not inferior to Scotland. J n other respects she is inferior. A far greater portion of her surface is capable of cultivation, as the statistics of both countries demonstrate; and she possesses mines of coal and copper, quarries of the best slates which the island produces, and limestone in abundance. She has therein within herself the elements of wealth and greatness. Nature has done more for her than for either of the other two mountainous countries with which we have compared her." He enquires next,- f Has she progressed in civilization equally ] Have the arts and sciences been cultivated by her citizens with the same assiduity and success as by the other two? Is she equally distinguished in the annals of Literature, or as she contributed her fair proportion of great aud illustrious names to to the galaxy of merit which illumines tho pjjo of Uistorjl" The answer he gives is in the form of other inter- rogatories:— Wliat welsh names shall we set beside those of Haller, the Bernouili's, Rousseau,Lavater, Bodraer, Gessncr, Fuseli, Miiller, and Pestalozzi, men whose writings have gained thein an imperishable fame? Or if the comparison be instituted with Scotland, where are her poets to be compared with Barbour, Ramsay, Burns, Buchannan, Scott, and Campbell? What his- torians has she to compare with Robertson, Hume, Fergusson and Mackintosh ? What scientific writers will she bring into the field against the Gregories, Maclaurin, Simpson, Black, Hutton and Playfairl What works in moral philosophy, political economy, and criticism, has she to vie with those of Adam Smith, Campbell, Lord Kaimes, Blair, StewartandReid? And where lastly are her works of imagination that will afford equal pleasure to the reader with the writ- ings of Smollett, Mackenzie, Thomson, Armstrong, and Walter Scott?" Wesilill not travel fai-tlitr with Mr BKAY in this branch of his enquiry; but we join him most heartily in the concluding words of this branch of his subject The foregoing comparison has not been instituted with a view so much to reproach the inhabitants of the Principality with their backwardness in cultivating the belles lettres and the polite arts, (I I\ln not the man who would even break the bruised reed) as for the sake of investigating the causes which have led to this backwardness—of promoting inquiry into the origin of this lukewarmness andllpatby of by gone ages in cultivating the various fields of Literature, and of inducing a spirit of rivalry and emulation in the present race, as may atone for the neglect and supineness of past generations-lead to some practical i,esults-to the advancement of learning and science in one of the fairest portions of the British Empire;— one possessing some of the fiucst aud most picturesque scenery in the world-whose vallies are all fertile and luxuriant,—and whose hills,though occasionUy bleak and barren, are most of them covered with herbage to their summits, or capable of being made productive by the band of industry, aud skill of cultivation." One word as to the capacity of the Welsh for lite rary acquirements. Mr Bray's testimony is brief but decisive:- A fair sprinkling of Welsh names appears in the tripos list of Cambridge, and if any one will take the pains to examine the first aud second class lists of Oxford, I doubt not, an equal number will be found to have borne away the honors at that university." (To be Continued.)

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