The Glamorgan Monmouth and Brecon Gazette and Merthyr Guardian

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. 0 CANADA. In Canada the courts-martial were proceeding with the trials of the prisoners for high treason, and a con- siderable number of convictions, and some executions, had taken place. At Montreal, to the 29th Dec., the trial of thirteen prisoners had been concluded. Three were acquitted, and ten convicted. Of the latter, six were recommended to mercy and of the others, two, Joseph Narcis.se Cardinal and Joseph Duquette, were executed. They seem to have met their fate with firmness. Cardinal was a notary public at Chateauguay, and a member of the House of Assembly of the late Provincial Parliament. Duquette was his clerk. It was understood that Sir J. Colborne had signed the warrants for the execution of the other two, Lepailleur and Ducharne. Martin Woodruff, one of the American brigands taken at Windmill Point, was hanged at Kingston, on Wednesday morning last. He was a native of Salina, Onondaga county, New York, and held the situations of militia-colonel and deputy sheriff. Warrants for the execution of Sylvanus Sweete and Joel Peeler, two other of the brigands, had been received by the sheriff of the district, and they were hanged on the 14th. It is stated in a letter from Watcrtown, that six of the prisoners taken at Prescott would be hanged on the 3rd. At the latest accounts from the west the gatherings of men in the vicinity of Detroit, had dispersed for their respective homes, dispirited, as well they might be, at the unsuccessful issue of the recent invasion of the upper province from that point. The Roscoe, Ne\v York packet ship has brought papers and letters from the American continent to the 8th ult. Through this channel we learn, that the sympathisers made an incursion into Canada on the last day (we believe) of the year, and, having burned some houses at a place called Caldwell Manor, retired. Sir John Colborne, it is said, has formally demanded that the villains be given up to take their trial for arson. A party of piraces at Os.vego succeeded in defeating a body of United States' troops sent against them to deprive them of two pieces of cannon. A trooper carry- ing dispatches was murdered by a gang of rebels at Cha- teauguay. The murderers are in custody. The Royal William steamer has arrived safe, FRANCE. PROttlBITtON OF THE EXPORTATION OF GRAIN.— PARIS, JAN. 2-2.-A report of the Secretary of State for the Home Department having been laid before the King, showing that though the harvest of 1838 would have proved sufficient for the consumption of France, had not since the latter time a multiplicity of exportations taken away a considerable quantity of the produce, and thereby exposed several parts of the kingdom to scarcity, it would be necessary to adopt measures in order to p z-e- vent a repetition of the same. A decree was taken that all further exportations from all maritime points, except the Mediterranean ports, should provisionally be sus- pended. The French Ministry have resigned their offices after an ineffectual attempt by Count Mole to obtain assist- ance from some members of the Coalition. The Minis- terial majority kept together till the more offensive portions of the address were expunged, on the under- standing that the Government would give way after the presentation of the address to the King. Marshal Soult has been commissioned by the King to reconstruct the Ministry; and the negotiations and in- trigues, usual on the occasion of forming a new Cabinet, have commenced. The day before sending in his resignation, Count Mole forwarded positive instructions to Count Sebastiani to tiqhm. "tfter'tSSt IS case of resistance by Belgium, the troops of the German Confederation will enforce the execution of the treatv. Louis Philippe has assembled a large army on his Northern frontier, but with what intent is not known. A few days ago a lunatic entered the Church of Notre Dame des Victoires, at Roanne, and having dressed himself in a funeral pall, ran through the town into the open country, where, to the no small alarm of the simnle rustics, lie announced himself as the Diable in propria persona. He was ultimately secured, and put in a proper place of confinement. The wolves have recently infested the country round Abbcville to such a degree that they have been seen on the side of the Calais road in open day, and the Prefect of the department has been obliged to order a general battue. Several have been killed by the keepers of the forest of Crecy. The Minister of the Interior has granted 5,000f. to the city of Bayeux for the preservation of Queen Matilda's tapestry, representing the conquest of England by the Normans. The steeple of the church at Ferrieres, in the arron- dissement of Montargis, one of the most ancient in France, fell to the ground a few days ago. By order of the Minister of Commerce, horses running for Government prizes in all races are in future to carry an additional weight of 41bs. A gentleman of the order of industry entered a cafe in the city, a few days ago, and called for a petit verre, which he paid for and retired. A few minutes afterwards a guest who was about to leave the cafe missed a hand- some umbrella, which was nowhere to be found. The landlord had observed the man of the petit verre go out with an umbrella in his hand, but supposed it belonged to him and he made no doubt that, if no public notice was taken of the loss. he would come again on a similar errand. This,in fact, took place. A few days afterwards the gentleman returned, and took his seat with all con- fidence at a table which was otherwise unoccupied but by a valuable gold headed cane laid upon it. The petit verre was called for as before but the landlord recog- nised his man, and, going up to him, said in an under tone, You are known here you do not come for the petit verre alone, but to walk off with this cane, as you did the other day with the umbrella. Make no noise a police officer is within two steps if within half an hour you do not bring back the umbrella, you will have the police after you." The rogue was discreet, took the hint, and was retiring with a box containing some articles of merchandise which he had placed on the table close to the cane but the landlord detained it as a pledge, and the fellow returned within the given time with the umbrella. He was allowed to go off with his box, and to congratulate himself on his impunity. BELGIUM. The King and people of Belgium are resolved, it is said, to resist "to the death," the award of the London Conference. We have great doubt, however. of their perseverance in this valiant determination. The case, however, seems to us a very plain one. The award is made. Let all the powers parties to it, or one of them, carry it into execution. Let France, or, if she decline active interference, she cannot, without unmasked dis- honesty, interpose to prevent Prussia. We do not, how- ever, anticipate that there will be any difficulty in the matter, whatever the Belgians may swagger and the French journals may say. INDIA. A most destructive hurricane occurred at Bengal; three or four vessels have been dismasted and otherwise greatly damaged, one wrecked, &c., and, extraordinary as it may appear, the barometer gave no signs of the gale's proximity till but an hour or two previous to its outbreak, when the mercury began falling very rapidly. The following statement is from a commercial house in the City :—A distressing loss has been announced by the overland mail. The merchant ship Protector, Cap- tain Dixon, from London to Calcutta, was totally lost at the Sand Heads, near the place of her destination. The loss of life was great. The following is the list of pas- sengers, recruits and crew. The only persons saved were seven recruits and one seaman;—Mr and Mrs Evans, Captain Martin, Miss Martin, Captain Monk, Mrs Cooper, Mrs Hobson, Mr Smith, one servant, Cap tain Dixon, 36 crew, 116 recruits, 16 women, and 6 children. Total on board, 178; saved, 8. Total drowned, 170. DEMEIIARA. 1 The fevers with which the colony has been visited have been attended with great mortality scarcely any J families can be said altogether to have escaped its viru- ( lence. The crews of many vessels waiting for cargoes < have SUTFERED much, and in several instances their 1 numbers have been greatly reduced. 1 SOUTH AUSTRALIA. A joint-stock cattle company formed in March, to have a capital of X2,000, raised in 80 shares of £ 2-5 each, had sold 63 shares up to July 21, and by the end of that month all the remaining shares were taken up. Upwards of £ 109 had been subscribed towards liquidating the debt on the Wesleyan Methodist chapel. The subscriptions to the fund for erecting a stone church instead of the frame one sent out from England, amounted, on the 30th of July, to nearly t 160. The South Australian Club, which had been formed in Adelaide, upon the system of the London clubs," com- prised 61 original members. Coffee and reading rooms were opened in Adelaide for a humbler class of the citizens. The" Pickwick Papers'' were being reprinted and published in shilling numbers of 24 pages each. A Turf Club had been established at the Turf Hotel, Adelaide. STATE OF SPAIN. We have of late bestowed little space or attention on the number of small and insignificant facts which mark the progress of Spanish affairs, even although civil war is raging, the Cortes sitting, and anew ministry but just installed. The country seems to slumber on, and take its winter repose, as if its present state had become its regular and normal one. We have, indeed, the same events to record as under previous administration;. The military powers are exclaiming against the financial ones for not providing funds and a quarrel had ensued on that account, it is said, between Pio Pita and Alaix. The minister of finance, however, had mustered thirty- six millions of reals, and was about to despatch the same to stop the mouth of Espartero. Cordova had deter- mined on standing his trial.—Chronicle. Letters from Madrid, of the 9th, 10th and 12th ult., state that the message from the senate, supplicating the Queen Regent to take immediate measures for putting a stop to the atrocities committed by the self-constituted tribunals of reprisals, was agreed to during the sitting of the 8th, after a discussion in which the exaltado senators, headed by Senor Calatrava, made a strong effort to obtain its rejection. On the llth, the Cortes were engaged in discussing the bill for establishing a sinking fund, which, as may well be imagined in the present financial condi- tion of Spain, was not a very profitable method of em- ploying their time and attention.—The bills for levying 40,000 men, and the requisition of 6,000 horses for the use of the army, have received the Queen Regent's approbation. ITALY. ERUPTION OF VESUVIUS.—Extract of a letter from Naples, dated 5th ult.-Il Early in the morning of New Year's day we were awakened by a violent explosion like a report of cannon, and soon discovered that it was an eruption of Vesuvius. In half an hour afterwards a dense cloud of smoke and ashes covered Naples, having the same effect from the electrical fluid issuing from it as generally precedes a summer storm. Apprehensions were entertained for the city but the wind changed and carried the cinders towards the shore at Portici. The eruption ceased in the evening, but the detonations recommenced on the 2nd, and continued throughout the day. The earth was constantly tremulous under our feet. In the evening Vesuvius was all on fire, and the lava flowed down into the plain between Portici and Torre del Greco, committing great ravages. On the 3rd the mountain became more quiet, and in the evening was not so much inflamed as on the preceding night, but sent out continual flashes, which is a phenomenon ex- tremely rare. Since yesterday it has been at rest. If the eruption had continued as it began, we should have seen a renewal of what happened in 1822, when, during three days, Naples was covered with cinders, and can- dles had to be lighted at mid day."—French paper. SWITZERLAND. An admirable association has been formed at Coire, in Switzerland, for bringing up poor children to different trades. Each apprentice is placed under the care of a m"dp1' who is not only to instruct him, but to watch over In return, the apprentice is bound,on becoming a master, to receive gratuitously one apprentice nominated by the society. AFRICA. The Graham's-town papers reach to the 26th of Oc- tober. They abound, as usual, with accounts of Caffre depredations. Sheep and cattle stealing, it is said, were so alarmingly prevalent, and the cases so numerous, that the magistrates had come to a. determination to visit the offenders with the severest punishment per- mitted by law. Complaints are made that depredations were on the increase, even at points more remote from the immediate frontier. Such a state of insecurity and want of protection for property, more or less also affecting the safety of persons, must tend materially to retard the advancement of the colony. Where no, or inadequate, means of prevention or defence are taken by the authorities themselves, whilst the inhabitants arc forbidden, and properly enough perhaps, to provide for their own welfare, or take teprisals for the damage in- curred, it is evident that the colonists must find them selves aggrieved, and lose all confidence in the Govern- ment. In the shape of direct or indirect taxation protection is paid for, and should not be withheld. It was to the distrust thus created towards the Government that the emigration of the boors or farmers to Port Natal was owing, as, upon calculation, they felt or con- ceived themselves more secure in relying upon their own individual strength as a body to repel the inroads or depredations of the native tribes, than in trusting to the authorities charged with and paid for the duty. But, in order not to be interfered with or shackled in their de- termination by the local Government, they found it necessary and considered it more advantageous even to submit to the severe losses consequent on abandoning cul- tivated farms and constructed dwellings for wastelands in an unknown wilderness, by way of withdrawing themselves both from the jurisdiction and the burden of supporting the local Government.— Times. Papers from the Cape of Good Hope have been re- ceived to the 18th of November. As on former occasions, they are mainly occupied with accounts of Caffre depredations and the situation of the emigrant boors at Port Natal. The conduct of the local govern- ment in regard to these unfortunate parties appears to have been unnecessarily harsh, for although it was known that they had suffered the greatest disasters from the sanguinary attacks of the Zoolas, and that besides they had lost a great part of their stores, whilst most of their cattle which had escaped capture had perished from disease, caused by want of food, yet notwithstanding a proclamation was issued by which the shipment or ex- port of any goods or articles of whatever nature to Port Natal had been prohibited till further notice. This would, of course, put a stop to the continuance of those succours which were before afforded through the means of charitable subscriptions among the inhabitants of the Cape. The provisions, clothing, and other stores so sent had, it is known, proved a very seasonable, though partial, relief only, to the distressed emigrants. The object, although not expressly avo-.ved, of the procla- mation seem, to have been the export of gunpowder, to prevent them from carrying on war against the Zoolas, by whom they had been so ferociously assailed. But, supposing that the measure was justifiable on that ground, that is no reason why the export of food, clothing, and agricultural utensils should be interfered with. It results from documents already published, that the boors had not emigrated into the Zoolish limits without due leave and agreement with Dingaan, the Chief of that Caffre tribe, for some time before the emigration was commenced a deputation was sent to him to request his permission, which was freely granted. Whilst, however, upon his own invitation, the boors were amicably treating with him about the purchase of land, the terms of which were actually settled and the land made over to them, they were set upon in the night, and men, women, and children of these unfortunate emigrants butchered with circumstances of the most appalling barbarity. The emigration itself was suggested as a means of escape from the plunder and danger of property and life to which they were exposed in their former habitations in the colony, from the want of due protection on the part of the authorities, long demanded, but withheld, until in an evil hour they were driven to desperation, and betook themselves to emigration. The langers from which they fled, did not arise so much rom the open hostility of the Caffres as from the hordes A Hottentots and Fingoes wandering about the country, and by open force or stealth carrying off their herds and lorses, not unfrequently accompanied with bloodshed. gainst these spoliations, the boors had no remedy, for ilthoagh, on remonstrance, they were told by the local Government that they should never trust their cattle out except under the care of herdsmen well armed, and that without such precaution proved they would be entitled ;0 no compensation, yet by a curious mockery of this :ounsel a proclamation, termed the Gunpowder Pro- ilamation," was issued subsequently, prohibiting the issue of gunpowder from any private store, so that the farmers may be said to be delivered up to the mercy of the pluudering tribes without arms or defence. It appears that with regard to the boors, emigrants to Port Natal, the Governor had some time since issued a friendly address, inviting them to return and promising them protection for the future; but it had little effect for, badly as the emigrants were off in their new quarters, the return to their old, dilapidated farms was considered a greater evil than remaining where they were. in the midst of all sorts of danger and privation. The Govern- ment, it was said, was resolved on taking possession of Port Natal, and constructing a fort there; upon which it is remarked as strange that it should be contended the boors had no right there, because the territory belonged to the Caffres, although possessing it by cession, and that the Government, itself making this objection, should nevertheless determine on taking military pos- session without reference to the native chiefs.- Times.

IRELAND. SPECIAL COMMISSION IN THE COUNTY OF TIPPERAIIY. This Commission, which was forced upon the Irish Government by the voice of the public, and the results of which have proved its imperative necessity, termi- nated its labours on Monday week. Bickey and Walsh were sentenced to death, for aiding in the murder of Mr Austin Cooper and Mr Weyland. The same sentence was then pronounced on James Kelly and Michael Hourigan, wl;o were found guilty of the murder of Edward Hogan, a man of your own class," as Mr Justice Perrin observed to the prisoners, "who on a festival day was quietly, unsuspiciously, and unoffendingly returning to his home, and the bosom of his family, not thinking that he was to be attacked in the street of a populous town, and in the full and open daylight, you came behind him, and you, James Kelly, struck him a deadly bloni from behind, from the effects of which he never recovtred you, Michael Hourigan, then and there assisting md encouraging your unfortu- nate companion to the commission of the dreadful crime." John Corcoran for tie manslaughter of Patrick Gooney, was sentenced JY Mr Justice Perrin, who ob- served upon the enormit; of his offence, to twelve calen- dar months' imprisonment, and hard labour for the first two months of that period. John Hacket and Wlliam Neal were sentenced to transportation for life, for administering an unlawful oath to Mr John Scully. Patrick Flynn was sentenced to ten years' transpor- tation for the robbery o: a gun, the property of Samuel Harris. Thomas Hodgens was sentenced to twelve months' imprisonment for sending a threatening letter to Mr John Lanigan. The Solicitor-Genera then addressed the Court to the effect that it was not the intention of Government to bring forward any othe- case for trial at the commission, that the proceedings hid been conducted as a warning to the misguided people of the country, and then remarked at some length on the political questions which the fearful acts they had been called upon to try might be supposed to involve. He concluded by observing— When it is most falsely asserted that Government encouragcs crime.' I warn the people not to be led away by the miserable and most monstrous delusion that they will be fcrgiven. I might allude to this special commission which has now terminated, and tell them not to depend on their guilty associates, or to be led a-xay by the mischievous and unwarrantable misrepre- sentations to which I have already alluded. They may depend upon it that the strong arm of the law will be p it forth to repress crime." After some further obser- vations, the learned gentleman concluded by hoping, that after the examples now afforded, in vindication of the outraged laws of the country, the spirit of illsubordi- nation would be put down, and peace and good order The Court U.en broke up, the commission oeing at an end. THEOLOGICAL G AMBLING.—Tickcts are on sale openly in a shop window in Mecklenburgh Street, in this city, for a raffle of a gold watch, chain, and seals, to take place in the vestry of the Metropolitan Church, where Dr. Durray, the Roman Catholic archbishop, officiates. The proceeds to be applied to the completion of the church STATE OF THE COUNTRY.-The provincial journals (says the Dublin Jlail) received since Saturday, record the commission, within the last week. of four barbarous murders—two in Tipperary-one in Wexford-andone in Longford in the latter of which cointics they also report an attempt to assassinate two inoffensive and respectable farm rs. THE ACHILL COLONY ASSAULT ON A PROTESTANT, —The case of Lendrum, the Achill letter-carrier, against Gannon, fo:' a malicious assault, which was tried at the late Castlobar quarter sessions, admirably illustrates th toleration of a Roman Catholic hierarch-the liberality of the Roman Catholic laity ill the lower classes-and the chances of justice presented to a Protestant in ap- pealing to a Roman Catholic jury. It appears from the evidence in this case, 1st, that the tolerant John of Tuam had cursed the Protestant colony at Achill, and laid under ban everybody who should speak to anv of the colonists; 2nd, that a faithful disciple of Mother Church crossed his forehead to avert the profanation of having been addressed by the heretic postman 3rd that the aforesaid faithful disciple, not lifting a hand himself, procured the unhappy heretic to be soundly beaten; and lastly, that under the clearest evidence of the assault, the jury acquitted the defendant. Such is the liberty and liberality of ascendant Rome !-Dublin Evening Mail. On the 22nd ult. a "great Precursor dinner" was given to Mr O'Connell, at the Circus; but, for some cause not explained, the Agitator seems to have been out of temper, and he abused the paltry press" for not assisting him as it ought. He dared" the newspapers not to report the speech he was then delivering. Mr Staunton rose to defend himself and his brethren, but was shouted down. The reporters in a body left the room as did also the editors of the Freeman and Register. Next day the reporters published a resolution, stating as a reason for suppressing the speeches delivered at the meeting, that Mr O'Connell had attacked them in "terms as insulting as they were unjustifiable." In leading articles, the Register, Freeman's Journal, and Pilot, coolly rebuke Mr O'Counell. 'The I ilot intlnatel that he is acted upon by persons who wish to establish a new paper under his auspices. Lord de Vesci has been elected the new Irish repre- sentative Peer in place of the late Lord Farnham. COUNTY TIPPERARY.-Three murders have been com- mitted in this county sines the special commission opened at Clonmel.-Litnerich Chronicle. THE IRISH MUNICIPAl. CORPORATION BILL will assuredly be again introduced to Parliament.- Globe. The new Bishop of Killaloe is brother to the late Lord Ribblesdale, whose widow was the late Lady John Russell, and the new Dean of Exeter is Lord John Russell's own brother.- ivol-cester Journal.

THE CANADIAN PRISONERS. The Queen v. Bachelor.-—Wednesday morning, the 23rd ult., being appointed for discussing the rule ob- tained by Mr D. Hill, for an attachment against Mr 15achelor, the gaoler of Liverpool, for a false return in the case of a prisoner, Leonard Watson, the Court was somewhat crowded, but public curiosity appears greatly abated. The prisoners were not brought up. Lord DENMAN, in giving judgment said, this was a motion for an attachment against Mr Bachelor, the gaolei of Liverpool, for contempt of court in making a false return. If that contempt was wilful, it ought o be severely punished. That the return was false in one particular no one could doubt, and the court felt bound to censure the conduct of any gaoler who took any prisoner into his custody without being satis. fied that he was legally authorized by a proper docn- ment To the present case, however, it was clear that Mr Bachelor had not wilfully made a misrepre- sentation, and therefore there was not sufficient grounds to justify the court in punishing him for contempt; but, at the same time, he was bound to state that the I court considered proper caution had not been used in some quarter or the other with respect to the materiality of the warrant. The court gave its deliberate judgment I on Monday, and, therefore, it was unnecessary again to advert to that point. With respect to amending the return, although the court considered it sufficient in its present state, there could be no objection in allowing the alteration as proposed by the Attorney-General. Mr Justice LITTLEDALE and the other judges con- curring in opinion with the Lord Chief Justice, the rule for an attachment agail1t. Mr Bachelor was discharged, and leave given to amend the return. On Thursday, Mr Roebuck applied to Lord Abinger, in the Court of Exchequer, for four writs of HABEAS coi-pigs, to be directed to Bachelor, calling upon him to bring into that court, Brown, Parker, Walker, and Wilson, and to show by what authority, he had them in custody. The application was founded on affidavits by Mr Waller and Mr Ashurst, that although in a warrant produced by Bachelor it was stated that the prisoners had been convicted by due course of law, they did not believe that any such conviction had taken place. Lord Ahinger required the affidavits of the prisoners themselves whereupon Mr Roebuck withdrew his mo- tion, till the necessary affidavits could be procured. On Friday, he was furnished with the documents required and it was agreed that the writs should issue, and the question be argued on Monday. It came before the court on that day, when the Counsel for the prisoners were heard. On Tuesday, the Attorney and Soliciror General, with Sir Frederick Pollock, spoke in reply, when the further hearing was postponed till next term.

NOTICE TO MARINERS. SOUTH mSlIoP' LIGHTHOUSE, ST. GEORGE'S CHANNEL. Trinity House, London, Jan. 26. Notice is hereby given, that the lighthouse, which has been for some time past constructing upon the rock called the South Bishop's, in St. George's Chan- nel. being 'now coitii)l(tted, a light will be exhibited therein at sunset on Thursday, the 14tli of February next, and thenceforth continued during the night season, for the benefit of navigation, and particularly of vessels employed coastwise. Mariners are to observe, that this light will be visible at sea in all directions, and will revolve, showing its greatest brilliancy at short and regular intervals of time, whereby it will be readily dis- tinguishable from the Smalls and other lights in its vicinity. By order, J. HERBERT, Secretary.

THE PRINCESS AUGUSTA has been indisposed for some days, but is now considerably better. THE DUKE OF SUSSEX.—It is the intention of the Duke to go abroad for three years, immediately after his return from Lord Dinorbon's seat. THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON has arrived at Apsley House from Strathfieldsaye. N ICE.- Tile following is an extract from a letter, dated the 15th ultimo:—"This morning, Viscountess Powerscourt, who is staying with his lordship in this beauli/ul city, was safely delivered of a soil, His Lordship intended to be present at the opening of Parliament, but in consequence of his lady's accouchement it is quite uncertain." Joseph Hawker, Ksq., Norroy King of Arms. has been appointed to the office of Clarenceux King of Arms, vacant by the decease of kdnnind Lodge, Esq. Francis Martin, ksq., Windsor Herald, has been appointed to the office of Norrov King of Arms, vacant by the promotion of Joseph HawKer, rsq., to the office of Clarenceux King of Arms. MEETING OF DELEGATES.-The extreme Ra- dicals, or supporters of "The People's Charter," throughout the country, are now on their way to London from all parts of England and Scotland. Soate of them, indeed, have already arrived in town. The number altogether will be about 150 or 1G0. A room has been taken for them in Brown's Coffee- house, Pa lace-yard, ELECTIONS AFTER THE MEETING OF PARLIA- MENT.-On the first day of the approaching session writs will be moved for to supply the following vacancies in the re preset itat ioti Tower Hamlets, Yarmouth, Sandwich, Cavan County, Bucks County, and Leitrim County. The above are the positive vacancies; but it is said that Mr gwart will obtain the seat for Carlow, to be vacated by the elevation of Air W. H. IWauie to the Exchequer bench. One of tbe seats of Southwark must also be added to the above list, unless it shall turn out, as D. W. Harvey asserts, that his office of registrar ddes not require him to vacate. — Government paper. £ 185,000; and it is right to state, that of this amount those VVeslevan ministers, whose donations have already been announced, have contributed nearly £ 1-2,000. A correspondent informs us, that the exe- cutors of the late Rev. W. Richardson, of the city of Chester, have this week paid to the treasurer of the Incorporated Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts a bequest of e2,000, free of duty." A PETITION is in the course of signature in the hundred of Bosinere and Claydon, SulToIk, and it is proposed that every person who signs it should add the amount of his assessment for land, as showing the extent of capital that would be put in risk by the repeal of the corn-laws. Essex Herald. MUHDER AT GLASGOW.—'Thomas M'Kinnis, who murdered his deaf and dumb sister, has undergone a long examination He made the fullest confession es ) of his guilt, but does not view it in a criminal light. Fortunately, for the sake of humanity, there appears no doubt that he labours under a serious hallucination of mind. GLASGOW is not to be behind Bristol or Liver- of mind. GLASGOW is not to be behind Bristol or Liver- pool in having a line of steamers across the Atlantic. A considerable wafer has been la d that by the 1st of April, bread will be cheaper in London thai) in Pill-is.-III)rfling Herald.

TO CORRESPONDENTS. CHRISTMAS ACCOUNTS.-Our friends at a distance, who have received their accounts to Christmas, and with whom we have no other means of communication, will oblige us by remitting their respective amounts, as early as convenient, through the medium of a POST OFFICE ORDER. The Publisher has not a paper left containing an ac- count of the Cowbridge Hunt Week. We bail intended giving the late Mr Huskisson's letter oa the Coin Law queuion, which has been reprinted by some London contemporaries but want of space compelled iis omission". Can Mr W. W Morgan shorten his letter? During the Session of Parliament, space is very precious with us. And even this week we have had to omit several columns of news. We put it to a A Humble Monitor," in all kindness and courtesy, whether it were not better to allow tire subject to drop for the present? 'f he thinks not, we must request him very materially to shorten his communication, — ——===—

MERTflYR TYDVIL, AND BRECON, February 2, 1S39. o The space we have this week devoted to the opinions of contemporaries on the Corn Laws,— Foreign Intelligeiiee,-aiid other matters, leaves its scarcely any room for original comment. We cannot, however, abstain from directing the attention of our readers to a statement ill our local columns, respecting the Llanelly Board of Guardians. The facts of the case, as far as we have been able to gather them, are as follows — A poor woman, on or about the 6th of Decem- ber last, applied to Mr D. Morgan, the Uelieving Officer, at four o'clock, p. M., for an order for Mr Bevan, the Medical OJicer for the Swansea District, to see her child, who was then very low. Mr Morgan stated, he could not comply with her request, as she was not receiving parish relief; that Mr Bevan had only £ 50. a-year; and that lie could not send such cases to him at four o'clock in the morning, twelve hours after the application, the child died. The Re- lieving OlTicer gave a coffin the same day and pecuniary relief. The question we involulltarilyask is,-Will the Llanelly Board of Guardians retain such a reli(;ving! officer? This is relieving indeed with a vengeance! A poor woman asks for medicine, and she receives—a coffin J Did it never strike this reliever, that a poor woman might b: able to struggle through the world without applying to him, until some visitation of Providence just turned the scale, and her own resources were found unequal to meet the additional demand upon them ? He has in prac- tice. argued, that one who could suppoit her child in health, could provide medical aid when overtaken by sickness! Wise man! Twelve hours elapse and then he sends a coffin, and a trifle to bury the child. We repeat that a man who could conceive such notions of his duty, is not a man to be retained for such a service. The Board should turn relieving officers, and relieve themselves at once of him. There is another little point in this affair, which various correspondents have pressed on our notice. The Rev. HENRY CROWTHER, who is the English Lecturer, at St.John's Church, Swansea, and who stands high in the opinion of all good people, has often made complaints against DAVID MORGAN, the above-mentioned relieving officer. The resolutions, already referred to in another column, were accompanied by an ex- pression of obligation to that Reverend Gen- tleman, "throngh whose exertions the case in question had been investigated A notification of this latter fact was forwarded with the reso- lutions to the Cambrian for insertion: but the Cambrian suppressed the part which spoke favourably of Mr CROWTHER. Why? A cor- respondent supplies WI wilh an answer; but, we think, it would come with a better grace from that journal than from us. Perhaps it will give it next week.

THE CORN LAWS. (From the John Bull.) Our readers are by this time aware that Ministers, terrified at the appearance of public affairs at the opening of Parliament, as relates to the security of any lengthened tenure of office, have determined on rallying round them the dis- carded and disgusted Radicals, by a new agita- tion of the Corn-law question. It is surprling to see the credulity with which the dupes to this manoeuvre are falling into the simpleton-trap which the Government has set for them. Again they begin to look to Ministers for protection, and again begin to write to them for their pa- tronage, and for any information upon the sub- ject of the present distressed state of the country. The delusion which, in the hopes of bolster- ing themselves up by the aid of the ignorant and discontented, Ministers are practising and per- mitting, is one of the most shameful that ever a desperate faction had recourse to. Upon the first blush of the thing, it is most natural that the poorer classes should hail wi'h delight the pros- pect of cheap bread, and consequently cheer and applaud those who promise it, as the consequence of the abolition of the Corn Laws; and nothing is better calculated to give effect to this ad cap- tandum promise than the statement that the poor man of England is at this moment paying twic as much for his bread as the poor min of a ountry scarcely on day's sail distant from him. The fallacy of all this has been so often and so clearly demonstrated that we should be ashamed to take tip the time of our readers in going again over the ground, where one single question sets the whole matter at rest. If to ensure this cueripiirss mi K w,,i, pm cuaser s means art destroyed, what matters the cheapness? Be- sides, experience has shown that if the duty on corn were altogether removed, and the British landlords ruined, the price of corn would rise insteaù or fall. To establish this firt-at least as far as prece- dent can establish anything—we need only refer to a table which appeared last week in the Standard, given by our contemporary for the purpose of proving that the Corn Laws were highly bencfi..ial to the country as checking the fluctuations of price. This is the table to which we allude FLUCTUATIONS Fr;m 1792 to. 1815, both From 1816 to 1833, both inclusive. inclusive. NO CORN-LAWS. CORN-LAWS IN OPERATION. s. s. 17A2 40 1816 76 1793 45 1817 94 1794 50 1818 83 1795 75 1819 72 1796 75 1820 (55 1797 50 1821 54 1798 50 1822 43 1799 65 1823 51 1800 110 18-24 62 1801 115 1825 66 1802 65 1826 56 1803 55 1827 56 1804 60 1828 60 1805 85 18-29 66 1306 75 1830 64 1807 70 1831 66 1808 75 1832 58 1809 95 1833 52 1810 105 18H 95 1812 125 1813 105 1814 72 1815 63 This table is not only conclusive as to the object which the Standard has in view, but ex- hibits with equal phinness the actual high prices of corn, when no Corn Laws were in operation. Somebody has stated that England is incapable 11 of growing corn sufficient for its own consump- tion but upon a reference to the returns of six of the years quoted in the above table, in which no foreign com toas per mi'ted to be imported, and during which period England did actually de- pend entirely on her own resources, the price of British corn was considerably lower than during the years in which foreign importation was allowed. An able writer upon the relative i:iteres!s of the manufacturer and the agriculturists says- "tt is obvious, since manual labour has been superseded by machinery, that the value of corn The Standard introduces this table by the fol- lowing retyiat,ks "Mr Huskisson speaks of six or seven violent fluctuations if) 20 yeiirs preceding the enactment of the corn-laws, and violent indeed these fluctuations were, ranging between fifty and one hundred and twenty-five shillings tlie quarter of wheat. What have been the tluctllations of the last 20 years? The widest range has been between forty-fire and seventy shillings; in the absence of the corn-laws, the flucluations went to one hundred and fifty per cent. on the lower term, with the operation of corn- laws, to about fi ty-jhe per cent. But to speak only of the range of fluctuation would he to give a ve^y imperfect view of the case; the range of fluc- tuation upon a term of 20 years is a matter of little moment, provided that the fluctuation be gradual, for commerce and society can accommodate them- selves almost withollt injury to any gradua1 change. If we would appreciate the difference in resl)ect to fluctuation of ttie respective periods—ciosin::wuh 1811, and with the last year—we must lake into account not merely the difference between the fluc- tuations from 125 shilling to 50 shillings on the one side, and from seventy to forty-jive on the other -,ve must look to the frequency and abruptness of these derangements, for therein lies their greatest mischief; as Mr Huskisson has said, there were five or six such changes between 1791 and 1814 — from 1819 there has not been one abrupt rise or descent up to the present year-t lie nearest ap- proach to such a change occurred between 1819 and 1822, and that, which was a full from 70?. to 15s. occupied four years" < can very little affect the cliaiges attending the making of goods, the two systems of manufacture not admitting of comparison in regard to price, and the latter requiring but a very moderate proportion, indeed, of the essential article of life to keep it in action—when as much now can be worked by ma- chinery as would be equal to the labour of twenty- four millions of artisans, the clamour against the landed interest must be totally void of foundation; and not only so, for while this powerful machinery continues in activity, were thp proprietors of estates to reduce their rents fifty per cent. the difference it would make to the consumer in the price of goods so produced would be scarcely perceptib'e. It is calculated that one-third of the population of Great Britain is engaged in, and dependent on, the production of food -employing a capital of not less than three hundred millions of money, exclusive of the value of the soil, who contribute largely to the religious and civil establishments of the coun- try, and mainly to the support 01 the poor." Is or is not this most vigorous class of society to be supported, or is Britain to be depopulated, and sink in the scale of nations; or is agriculture, one of our chiefest boasts, and the main stay of the empire, to be protected ?" An esteemed correspondent, to whom we are indebted for many valuable communications, writes to us thus The senseless clamour of the Ministerial journals reminds one of scuttle-fish, which for a time evade pursuit by spirting out and surrounding themselves with their own ink. It also reminds one of the clamour the Whigs raised, about three-aud-twenty years ago, about the property-tax. Wanting to embarrass the Government, which had just saved the country from becoming a province of France, they "agitated" about that tax as they do now about the Corn Laws. And what is the result? Why, instead of raising fourteen millions a-year from those who have property, the Whigs are now "squeezing" that sum from those who have no property except their weekly earnings. Sorry are we to see that the Times has at last joined in this claaiour. Our contemporary should be informed that what it did twenty years ago is no argument for what it should do at the present time. Ten years ago our contemporary was loud in the cry for Catholic Emancipation. But tbe stale of things even one year ago is no criterion of what is the state of things now. Yon might as well con- sole a bankrupt by counting his f.)rmer possessions. as console us in the midst of actual emergencies with reference to by-gone days. Iiepeal the Corn Laws—down go theFund Laws, and away noes the Crown. The landlords and farmers of England, however, have the staff in their own hands, and they will have it so long as Peel's Bit remain on the statute-book. Had those who rave so desperately about the Corn Laws, a grain of common-sense, they would set to work like practical men of business, and "agitate" for the repeal of all laws imposing taxes on cotton. and all other raw materials imported from abroad, and which are used in making goods for exportation, But no-ttiey will not do this. They have ruined themselves, and therefore they want to ruin the farmers. They have collected an "alien" popu- lation about them, who will soon settle the ques- tion without any legislative action. Even in that land promise, the United States, the Secretary of the Treasury, in his late report, tells us seven-tenths, of the people derive their living from the soil. Had he said ten-tenths, he would have hit the mark to a T. You could not beat it into the head of any Manchester man, that even cotton is the produce of the soil; nor could you beat it into the head of a Cockney mechanic, or a Cockney tailor, that steam- engines come from the bowels of the earth, and that thread is grown upon the surface of a field. We have no desire to argue the question with any of these gentry, but we do desire that our readers who think for themselves should consider such suggestions as our experience, somewhat peculiar, enables us to place before them. The manufacturers, not only of this country but of the whole world, heve cut up their golden egged goose Their steam pow er machinery is their ruin. They make too many stockings for feet, and do all they can to lessen the number of feet for their stockings. This, in one word, is their philosophy- The Morninrj Chronicle, who sticks at nothing in "carrying out," as porters phrase it, this philoso- phy, has told us that certain manufacturers have uiore "weaith" than all the Peers of the realm. Let tbe writer in the Chronicle put himself into the first coach for Nottingham—the rail-road is not made yet-and ask the first old woman he meets there what she makes into fire wood to dress her "coarser food?" Why, lace-frames, which cost a thousand pounds a-piece! As Falstaff would say, there's iverilihfor you. But many months have nut eluded since our philosopher par excellence paraded in his columns comparative accounts of our exportations under the annen regime, "nd under the baneful domination" of Whiggery and then drew the inference, that in pi-oport ion to the increase of our exports so w;# the nation prosperous. But no v, forsooth, when the nation has come to a different conclusion, our adversity is all owing to the Corn Laws. This is ingenious—very. In that vast entrepot (called the United States) for the consignment of rubbish produced by steam- power looming, it has been oflicially stated that when, in 1836. they imported about 100 millions of Hollars' worth of goods more than they had done in 1830, both the iui| orters there, and the expot-terg hare, bro':(' altogether; and n hen they had renewed their promises to pay, the whole atfir was philosophically called 1 over-actioii," over- trading," "over-batiking," and Old Nick only knows what. But as the philosophers at Liverpool, Manches- ter, Leeds. Glasgow, &c. &c., are all of them studying statistics, we are quite willing to. assist them, and at the same time convince such of our agricultural friends, the value of figures. Every- body knows that if two nations, or two individuals, exchange two commodities, of which the value is the one twopence and the other three-penco, there- remains balance one penny. The following table of figures is just as simple as this, and we take it from an official document, just issued by the Government of the United Stutes:- The imports and exports for the last eleven years have been as follows Years. Imports. Exports.. dolls. dolls 1828 88,509,824 72,264,06 1829 74,492,527 72.358,671 1830 70,876,920 73 849 00$ 1831 103 191,124 81.310,583 1832 101.029.266 87.176 943 1833 1 OS, I 18,31 I 9:),140,433 1834 126,521,333 104.336,973 1835 149,895,742 121 693,577 1836 139,980,03!) 128,663,140 1S37 140,9S4 217 117,419.376 1838 112,000,0j» 193,136,00FT The Napoleon of Finance, y'clept Mr Biddle, told us in one of his periodical letters to Mr Adams', that the only way to pay the balance due in 1836-7 was to import less, and export more in 1S38-9. Well, then, to that table of figures we now nail not only the ears of the Napoleon of Finance," but of all the philosophers in the world, and we ask: them all and sundry, what have our Corn Laws to. do with that? Well, but says some one, according to Lard Russell's view of the case, the Corn Laws are not to be repealed, only modified ? for his, Lord- ship, in answer to an invitation to come .tmongst his present constituents at Stroud, writes the. following letter to the invitee:- Whitehall, Jan. 21. 1839. "My dear Sir,-lt is Oilt of mv power to absenJ myself from London at a period when the sessiort of Parliament is so nearly approaching. I should otneiwise nave teit t» incumbent upon me to attend the meeting of my constituents upon the subject of the Corn-laws. J gave my support to the Bill of 1829, considering it an improvement on the former prohibitory system; but it is my opinion that a. moderate fixed duty would be mO"e advantageous,, not only to trade and mannfaclllres. but likewise- to agriculture, than our present fluctuating scale,- It is desirable not to alter too frequently the laws- by which the direction of capital and the channels. of industry are regulated; but it is aiso desirable- not to maintain a system of duties which, as ex- perience has shown, increases the high prices of tear years to the consumer, and depresses the low prices of cheap years to the producer. "I give you this as my individual opinloo; but it is one which I shall be ready to support by my iote in the House of Commons. "1 remain, my dear Sir, yours very faithfully, "J, RUSSELL." This letter is a gem. Lord J„hn .{usseU has for nine years thought the Corn Laws disadvan- tageous to trade and manufactures, but has never thought of amending -,lie,!i. i ii Lord- ships reason for this tranquillity we presume to ,),7, a desire not too frequently to alter the laws- i)y which the direction of capital and the chan- nels of industry are regulated, and therefore be iliall be ready to support by his vote a from a fluctuating to a fixed dirty but at the same time not knowing exactly how much the