The Glamorgan Monmouth and Brecon Gazette and Merthyr Guardian

IN-DOOR ECONOMY. At this season all summer decorations should be forthwith discarded, and every thing be ready to meet the sudden change in the weather, which may be expected from day to day. Carpets should be taken up and well beaten, to prevent the accumu- latioti of the dust from flt-es itpon qllmrner dtiqt, and the rooms scoured muslin summer curtains should be removed, washed, and rough-dried, and be replaced by the winter set; and every ornament should be discarded from the g ate-, in which, after being nicely cleaned, a ifre should be laid ready to be lighted at a moment's notice. Any small chim- ney ornaments which would be injured by fire-dust stlollld either be removed or covered. In cleaning rooms and furniture, the housemaid should be directed 'o take out the hair or any moveable seats of chairs, and thoroughly beat out the summer's rlust and it is a good plun to wash with flannel and soap and water (not soda) all painted and wi,ker-bo',toined oti.,irs it is allowing itie diist to accumulate month after month which makes the furniture so very soon look shabby in some houses. Carpets should be occasionally wiped over a wet cloth, and then rubbed hard till dry; by this means the carpet is brightened, and the room, if miieh in tise, isgreally refreshed. It is very unwise to allow servants to do things ''any how," because there is no company: it is mistaken kindness to the servant, and causes much discomfort to the mistress when she happens to have her friends about her; for when servants are habitually per- mitted to spare themselves very much, they dislike the additional trouble of having things tidy, and their ill-humour and bustle produce the painful feeling to the friends that they are treated as strangers. Servanls should therefore be obliged to pay the same attention when the family is alone as when they are guests; they will get the advan- tacp in the end. It is very desirable for the mistress of a family to arrange her domestic affairs in the early part of the day, that she may be at liberty to receive a call from a friend, or to leave home unexpectedly if required, without throwing the house into confu- sion. There are, unfortunately for the comfort of the families, some ladies who think their importance is increased by appearing always in a bustle ,-it is, however, the surest indication of the absenceof order and regularity. In houses where dinner- parties are frequent, or the family is so large as to require a great deal of cooking, it is especially important that orders should be issued early in the morning, that the cook may arrange the disposal of her different ingredients; for example, if she ex- pects fhh to fry, she will save her white of egg, it not wanted in puddings, for the fish, which she might otherwise thronv away and the same with other trifling articles. It is foolish ever to throw away old keys they may unexpectedly prove very useful. The best material for key labels is white leather, which should he sewed on the keys with their proper title it is preferable to parchment or wood. There is a neat contrivance, or key-case, to supersede the usual key-basket, which has several advantages; the inside is furnished with divisions and brass hooks io receive the various keys; there is a handle on the top, for carrying it with ease from room to room, and a patent lock by which all the keys are secured, in case the mistress of a house is so unfor- tunate as not to have servants in whose honesty she can confide. To nervous persons there is yet another recommendation, the rattling or turning over a numher of keys in a basket is avoided; and, to the nervous, these trifling noises are often more annoying than those which are loud or really dis- turbing. Old newspapers should never be wantonly destroyed, as they are ueflll for many household piirposes it is convenient to keep a store of pieces of a proper size in the mould candle-box, that, when the servant applies for candles, they may be given to her in a paper, and be saved Iroin dirty finger marks, which are a great eye sore, aud the paper will be found useful for the kitchen candle- sticks. A little regular attention to trifles of neat- ness makes a wonderful difference in the aspect of a household. Old letters may be cut up for spills, and put in some very accessible place in the kitchen, to prevent the common wasteful and dirty habit of thrusting a candle between the bars to light it or cut in strips (fit for putting round candles when too small for the candlestick), and strung together ready to be pulled off when wanted. A cook should be supplied with pads, like an iron- holder, with which to take dishes out of the oven they should be furnished with a loop, and kept hung up in the kitchen. As winter approaches, it is itnpossib'e to be too careful in keeping spare beds and blankets properly aired. In damp weather, a bed which has been un- occupied for three successive nights is unfit for the use of a delicate per!ton, or, indeed, of any oiie it they cannot be put tinder the unoccupied beds of the house, a cleanly servant should sleep in them alternately. A stale bed, above all things, should be avoided, for it is only at the hazard of life or health that it can ever be used. A hospitable and juiciolis housewife will always keep a pair of sheets aired, in case a friend should unexpectedly drop in la!e i:l tile evel)itlffl %viieli there uould not be time to do it thoroughly. In damp houses a chafing-dish of coals should occasionally be pot into spare bed-rooms, leaving the doors open for the damp air to escape. 1 he winter store ot apples, filberts, walnuts, and hazel nil's sholdd be laid in during this month. Of the first, the H,!pstone pippin is, for many reasons, superior to anv other. It bakes, boils, and roasts, and is a <jood dessert fruit both in taste and appear- ance indeed, a better apple need not be desired Care should be taken in selecting those intended to be kept, and all bruised ones used for pre-pnt purposes. They are best preserved in a dry airy room, laid in wheat-straw, turned often, and any defective ones immediately removed. Kipstone pippins thus treated will keep, as the saying is, 11-1 apples cotne again Walnuts, nuts, or fil- berts, are best preserved in a dry airy soil, such.ps the floor of a shed or out-house, protected rom the wet. If the top of the pot is kept closely stopped, they will keep srood all the year round. The best means of closing the pot is to tie a bladder over it, and for the benefit of the consumption a number of small jars are better than large ones. The husks being removed, a large quantity may thus be pre. served in a small space. Some persons preserve nuts and filberts in the husks by suspending them to the roof of the kitchen in bags, but in that situa- tion they become dry and shrivelled, and lose their flavour. When the winter store of salt butter arrives, the first thing to be done is. to turn out the whole mass from the tub, or whatever it is sent in, and with a clean knife to scrape the outside; then wipe the tub with a clean cloth, and either sprinkle it all round with salt, or make a mild brine of salt and water boiled, allow it to get cold, and put it in the itib then replace the butler, and keep the lid on to exclude the air. From the want of a proper cleanliness in the dairymaid in the first instance, the outside of the butter which comes in contact with the vessel acquires a rancid taste, which gra- dually affects the whole mass, unless the above mentioned precautious are used. Store cheese should be kept in suspended racks (in make similar to plate lacks), to secure them from rats and mice, and from damp walls. If there is any fear of lard becoming rancid, melt it gently, with a little salt and a few whole allspice, and a little suet; then strain it, and it will keep tilllhe time arrives for procuring a fresh supply. Meat may be safely salted at this season; but it should always be examined as to its soundness previous to putting on any salt.—Magazine of Domestic Ecoitoi)iy.

THE LATE FIRE IN THE TOWER. It is painful to witness the mutilated state in which every article of value has been found. In the course of the afternoon the marble bust of William IV., which formerly stood on the pedestal of the Waterloo trophy, was extracted from among the ruins by Mr. Lund, one of the yeoman porters. The action of the fire had converted the marble into limestone, and the prominent features are much injured, though the likeness is still discerni- ble. Although nearly seven days have elapsed since the origin of the fire it retained the heat in such an extraordinary degree that it was « ith some difficulty this relic could be conveyed to the Governor's house. It is a fact not generally known, but certainly deserves to be recorded, that Mrs. Swifte, the wite of the keeper of the jewels, with unparalleled for- titude, on the night of the fire remained in the Jewel-house, after seeing her children in a place of safety, in order to afford her assistance in pre serving the costly regalia. It having been announced that tha Rev. Henry Nlelville, the recently appointed chaplain to the garrison, had returned to England, and would preach his first fernmn in St. Peter's Church, Sunday morning, the sjrpatest interest was mani- fested to obtain admission. The church is re- markably small, and was crowded to excess. The whole of the officers on duty in the garrison attended, and the Adjutant-General, Colonel l\]'Donald, the family of Lord Hill, and Lady Emily Seymour, %vere among those present. Prayers were read by the Curate, the Rev. II. Thomas, who returned thanks on behalfof the garrison for their deliverance from the dangers of the late conflagra- tion. Nlr, Ilelville took his text from the second Epistle of St- Pe'er, c- iii., v. 11—" Seeing, then, that all these things shall be dissolved, what manner of person ought ye to be in all holy con- versation and godliness," and expressed his convic- tion that it was the duty of ministers on extraordinary occasions like the present, assembled as they were amid the ruins of that which was once so stately to ex'ract from it some profitable theme for observation and reflection. Tile rev. preacher said-" Lament we mnt the proud memorials of our national fame, which are now nothing more than smouldering ruins but Blenheim and Waterloostill exist in the minds of men, and though the trophies so honourably gained be wholly lost, there will be found in our country brave soldiersever ready when danger threa'ens to defend the honour of their fatherland and if the wheel of the Victory, which has so often been guided in defence of ottr liber- tie-, be crumbled in o dust, there is an army and a navy which will ever respond to the spirit-stirring call of England expects that every man will do his duty-' Let those whose lame is doubtful mourn hopelessly the loss of tiophies such as these that of England rests on too stanch a foundation to be affected by the like contingencies. But how forci- ble are the words of the apostle, and, Ianling amidst the scene of desolation around, how appli- cable the, demand C What manner of men are ye in all holy] conversation and godliness ?' The rev. gentleman then eloquently alluded to the forget- I'tilness of the world in general of the great truth that all things must fade-that life is but a ipan- and that" alrhollgh it may seem scarcely credible that the surrounding universe, stedfast and firm as it appears, the everlasting sun by day, and the glorioij-t telintie of night, the brilliant and inter minable stars, should pass away and be seen no more. He at "hose command they fli-st blazed for, h has sent forth the edict, and from it there is no possibility of escape. The sensualist, the miser, or the philosopher may object. We will not argue with them here. We will take them among the graves in our churchyards, and the epitaphs for our text. There lies a proud merchant, who spent his life in toil to gain riches,which he could not take away here, a noble, who changed his glittering diamonds for the vvindiriz-qheet here, a man of science, -who devoted a long exis. tence to the acquirement ot a fund of learning, but who died in ignorance of the one thing needful there, a youthf,,1 idol of her parents, who in the heyday of her existence was suddenly called away —-the spoiler came and they were childless. Will not these say. in language not to be misunderstood, Dtist thoii ii-t, an,] unto dllt tholl shalt return The rev. gentleman thus concluded his address — 11 iteri.ember what terror, what foar, what dismay the dreadful visitation yon have had excited. Hav- ing been delivered frolll the danger, be thankful for God's mercy. Escape further dangers by prayer, and on occasions like the present, when the fire of His wrath has been extinguished, when you die you shall be trophies that will not perish, and your monuments shall be those of your own happi- ness throughout the ages of the world." The Rev. Mr. Thomas, t' curate, preached in the afternoon, and took his text from the Book of Job, chap. xxxvi., verse *22,—" Who teacheth like him?" lu the course of an eloquent address the rev. gentleman remarked at some length on the recent calamity within the walls. The church was very well attended. THE FIRE IN THE TOWCR—FURTHER PARTICULARS Although public excrement has in some degree subsided, the scene on I'i id ay within i he walls was one of increased activity. About midday some alarm was occasioned by dense volumes of smoke which were seen issuing from one of the apart- menls III the Bowyer Tower, indicating that the devouring element was not yet powerless. The engines were immediately called into action, and a large quantity of water being thrown upon the spot, the smouldering flame was again extinguished. The scaffolding erected in front of the Grand En- trance for the purpose of removing the sculptured coat of arms (and which has been contracted for by Messrs. Harrison) is now nearly completed, and hopes are entertained that it will be taken down with very little injury. This fine work of art was executed by the celebrated Gibbons, a fact not before stated, and great commendation is due to the Board of Ordnance lor their attempt to save it. ft is divided into several compartments, and will he thus more easily removed from its present peril- ous position. Colonel Gtirwood, who, it will be remembered, left England for the continent on Saturday morning last, has not yet retlll npd. Despatches were for- warded to him on Monday, acquainting him with the melancholy disaster, but it is supposed that they have not yet reached his hands. The Board of Ordnance met asain on Friday, and proceeded with the investigation, Colonel Peel in the chair. Mr. Swifte, the keeper of the jewels, and several gunsmiths employed in thp apartments where it is supposed the lire originated, were examined, but prc),otind secrecy is observed with regard to the disciosures. No person is allowed access to the ruin's, unless provided with an order in M'ljor EL-ington's name, and it is to be regretted that even this well-timed regulation does not w ho'ly proteot the relics from further mutilation. A gen- tleman, provided with an order, was observed on Friday throwing brickson the Waterloo trophy, for the purpose of securing some fusee-balls which still maintained their original position. The Map Office, which occupies the north-paslern corner of the Quadrangle, and which has suffered very mate- rially from the action of the tire, is now quite deserted. It had long been the wish oi the officers of the Survey Department to remove their head- quarters to Southampton and many of the presses and linings having been seriously injured by hasty removal oil flit, of the fire, the Bo..rd ot Ordnance have directed that suitable apartments should be immediately prepared for them at the above port. That portion of the Tower denominated the "View Depariiiieiit," in which the arms were inspected previous to being brought into service, iq entirely destroyed, and myriad" (it may almost be said) of cavalry swords, carbines,. and fusees were blended in one undistinguishable mass in the cellars beneath. It is not a little singular that the percussion room, which is more combustible than any other apartment, is a'most untouched by the fire, the roof alone being seriously damaged. The reporter was favoured by Mr. Swifte with an opportunity of viewing the ruins from the terrace in front of his residence The scene of desolation is here observed to the greatest advantage, and the smouldering ruins here and there throwing up a glimmering flame, have a singularly awful appear- ance. In some places there may be seen large cables apparently uninjured, which, on a closer examination, crumble to the touch. Several artists were engaged throughout the day in making sketches of the ruins from various posi- tions, and the inijoiiihle "George" has visited the wreck of those scenes so forcibly depicted by himself in Ainsworth's Tower of London- It is stated that the Rev. Herny Melville, who, it will be remembered, wa" appoinled by the Duke of Wellington to the chaplaincy of the Tower about 12 months since, has returned from the con- tinent, where he has been residing for the benefit of his health during the last six months, aud "ill preach in the church of St. Peter ad Vinctila on Sunday next. The admission will be by tickets only to non-residents within the Tower.

FRAUDULENT ISSUE OF EXCHEQUER BILLS. No new facts of any great consequence have tran- spired in relation to the Excliequei- Bill fraud beyond the continuation of the examinations at the Treasury, and the visits there of the holders of the bills to have their securities tested and marked. The market for this description of security remains in the same paralysed state. There have been rumours as to the amount of the spurious [)ills bt-ii)g inu(-Ij greater than has been supposed, but they are too vague to be noticed. It appears, however, although the examina- tion of them at the Bill Oiffce is being carried on with all possible despatch, that in consequence of the large number to be tested, the examination will occupy the whole of this month. On Saturday week Govern- ment issued a notice to the holders of these bills, stating that receipts will be given by the Comptroller General for such as prove to be genuine, but tint the instruments purporting to be the bills which do not coincide with the counterfoils would be retained to wait the directions of the Treasury but for these also a receipt would be given. This determination on the part of Government not to part with forged bill* appears to have crested considerable dissatisfac- tion among tho mouied circles, and many individuals ofgreatweait)) are said to have been so extremely indignant at the course pursued at the Treasury, that they have declared that they and their connexions wili in March send in all the Exchequer Bills they hold to he exchanged, not for new bills, but for money, and that they will never again place their capital in that description of securitv. This demon- stration has caused so much alarm, that many persons have come to the resolution not to send up their bills to be examined at all. but rather keep them until the day when all Exchequer Bills come to maturity, and then demand payment of them at the Exchequer. On Tuesday week, another notice from tho Comp- troller-General was posted at the Stock-Exchange, stating that, in accordance with the regulations that would be adopted in the examination of the bills, the time between eiht and ten in the morning would he appropriated to the duty of delivering to the bearers of Lord .Mouieagie's receipts, the Exchequer Bills which should be examined and stamped: and after that time, this duty cei!;e, An(I the receipt and examination of the bills deposited be began and continued till dusk.—On Wednesday week, the affair acquired a new interest, in consequence of the arrest of another of the parties supposed to be implicated in it. An individual, largely engaged iu stock-jobbing transactions, of the narao of Kapallo, was examined at the Mansion House, the result of which was his subsequent commit tal to the Compter until brought up again for further examination. It appears from his own confession that he had extensive transactions with Mr. Smith in Exchequer Bills; that the last in which he was concerned, was about a fortnight previously to the discovery being made; and that Mr. Smith called upon hint on this orcasiou with no less than eighty one thousand pound bills. He denied, however, all knowledge of their being forged or fraudulently obtained —On the following Thursday, Mr. B Smith, was finally examined at Bow-street. Mr. Maule, Solicitor to the Treasury, attended for the prosecution. He stated at length the prisoner's confession as to his participation in this transaction: that he had admitted that no person in the office was concerned in it but himself; and that he alone was the author of all the mischief. In answer to a question whether ho had forged the hil's, he IHld replied that he had put the numbers on them but another hand, which he could not disclose, had put the name. He was asked if he knew for wh"t amount he had issued bills, and he said he could lIot tell, but it was for a large amount, and that it was easily done. He was then asked how, and he replied that lie had a number ol hills over and above tiie issue, which he used for the piiri)o,;e, iiiaiiy of which were given to RapaUo, with tl e numbers only on Llteiii, without the signature, and that some ot them fliigllt be still iii ij;iticl. He was committe,1 to Newgate to take his ti-i;tl.- Oil the same day Ifr. Kapallo underwent another examination at the Man sion-house. Mr. Waddiugtou attended for the Trea- sury. He slated that the prisoner was immediately and criminally imp! cated with Mr. Smith in this affair; tint he had received bills to the amount of aflHO 000 from him, of which he was prepared to prove that 16, amounting to the sum of JM6.000, were fo ged. After a lengthened examination the prisoner, who declined saying anything, was again remanded for ten days. The excitement and uneasi- ness felt by the public on the subject have also been increased in consequence of a statement that spurious bills for 9500 each have been detected, it being hitherto understood that tho*e issued by Mr. Smith were all of 4? 1,000. There appear, indeed, to be so many reports current, so many conflicting accounts abroad, and so much alarm in the public mind, that it is difficult to determine to what extent the mis- chief extends. It is, indeed, asserted by a morning paper, upon what is stated to be good authority, that of the main and more interesting facts relating to the subject, the public have as yet but little conception and it is thought that before many davs shall have elapsed ?'' expose w: II be laid officially before the country of a very astounding character. The Gloucester Chronicle in an article on the late Exchequer Bill fraud HYS- The document itself, which is of the size of a Bank of England note specifies the Act of Parliament under whicli the issue is authorised. We were favoured the other day with a sight of a number of these Bills, but about one half of the paper h iving been cut off in order that the parts which contained the signature Nloitteagle" might be forwarded to the proper office for examination, all the printed matter could not be seen. Enough was left however to show that their tenour was as follows (COUNTREF >IL, YYY No. NO. retained in the By virtue of an Act passed Exchequer. in Ihe Reign, fyc., for raising 2|1| £ the sum of Eleven Millions for No. the service of the year ending, 4.e. X This Bill entitles ——————. or order to Five Hundred Pounds, Ista. at ihe rule ff ilttvrelt oj Two *HI* !'cncc far^nn9 Pcr eent. per day, be paid out of any supplies to 1 after the passing of j-' 2p)j|S the Sdid Act, or to pass in pay merit of the public revenue in any of Her Majesty's Ojjice.s at HE expiration of twelve months frorri the date hereof Dated at the Exchequer at Westminster, this day of ^C' Moy:TEAGLE. Jlfji if the blank is not filled i Sjli* UP> this bdl will be> paid to bearer. N.B. The cheque must not be cut-off. I The paper upon which these were printed was of a peculiar kind and colour, and the margin on the left had the same appearance as that which a banker's check assumes when it is cut out of the file with a kniip. The "N.B. appended to the Bill means, we suppose, that that part of the flower work which it contains was not to be cut off. Mr. E. B. Smith whose name will be handed down to posterity in connexion with the most exten- sive fraud that ever took place, was the ciiier i-lerk in the office where these bills were prepared. He had charge of the legally prepared paper and no cheek having been kept upon him he converted the facilities he possessed into the means of promoting dishonest purposes. Suspicion was aroused in consequence of large amounts of Exchequer Bills having been de. posited with money lenders on loan and a high rate of interest allowed. The particular mode ill which the Iraud was committed is not known, neither is the extent of it ascertained. The occurrence bears on its face looseness and bad management in the office where such dishonesty could hale been poetised for so long a time without detec- tion. It might have flourished iu all its raukiio>s lot several years more, but for the fortunate suspicion which was nosonner expressed than investigated into by Ilr. Gt)ull)ourti, tit(, Cli;iticellor of the Excljeqti(,r. Amongst the most glaring loosenesses prevalent for a series ol years was the practice of allowing sub- ordinate officers to sign to the names of the Coinp- troller-Gencral for the time being in the same way as though the name had been written by the Coinp p- (roller himself. It is said that Mr. Eden was ill the same practice of signing the names of Lord Grenville and Sir John Newport, and, up to a certain time, the name of the redoubtable Lord Monteagle. Latterly the duty fell upon Mr. Perceval, and some say that .Mr. Smith enjoyed a share ot the privilege. Now it is obvious that out of this unbusinesslike mode of procedure as to signing, will arise a great difficulty in ascertaining what bills are genuine and what spurious. In the common business of life the signature is understood to afford the readiest and most decisive evidence; but in the management of the affairs of the I- Ne%v" Exchequer, people must not expect, it seems, attention to be paid to any thing, however essential, which involves the slightest trouble to the best-paitf functionary. Lord Monteagle looks with vacant stare at all Exchequer Bill which purports to bear his signature: he knows not whether it be written by the proper person or not: his eyes are of no more use to him than his iio-je,-for as well may he be asked to pronounce upon the genuineness of the document hy the smell of it as by the exercise of his organs of vision. Wel I w flat's to be done? Just this: Try if the margin or edge of the bill corresponds to that part of the file out of which it should have been cut, if genuine. "Countrefoit" is the official term for the part left after the bill has been cut out. Most persons who do banking business have the blank checks bound up in a book. When one is filled up, a note of the number, the date, the amount, and the purpose to which the payment is applied, is written on the coutitrefoil," to make use of the fine word of the bungling Exchequer; the knife is then drawn througgh the fancy type work which adorns the check towards the left, the jotting remains as part of ihe volume, and the check is tifiiided over to the person authorised to receive the money. Well, Lord Monteagle, being unable to deduce any thing from the signature, is busily engaged in looking at the number, the date, and the amount of the bill, and turning up the countrefoils to see if a corresponding number, date, and amount be noted. When he discovers those to agree, he then places the edge of the bill to the edge oT the countrefoi!, and when the waves in the fancy-works correspond he says ill's I igilt, and a stamp is imprinted upon it to show that it is genuine. Should the number, the date, and the amount agree, but should the edges not fall into each other, then the doom of the bill is sealed, it is declared to be spurious, and the holdei is refused possession of it. III one of the latest announcements made hy his Lordship, lie states that he cannot pursue the edge-comparison after dusk," -(Jay-liglit being required to examine the waves and see that they all agree. This is complained of as vexatious,the day being short; and it is alleged that good gas light is as favourable to inspection as roy day-light. It is stated, also, that a knife of a peculiar construction was used in cutting the bills from the coutitreroil- giving the cut parts a jagged or wavy appearan e. In the bills we have seen nothing of tho kind is discernible: the lines are as straight as a knife of the common construction and a steady hand could make them; nay, so straight are they that something seems to have been used to keep the hand stead v. MAIL GUAR;>S.— Mr. Robert Dunlop, mail coach guaid between Cheltenham and Aberystwith, has been dismissed from his situation, on the complaint of the Mayor "f Worcester, for accepting a fee, contrary to the recent regulations by which an increat.edsa)ary has been granted to guards con dilionally that they receive no gratuities from pas- sengers. The present case is rarher a hard one, as Dunlop, who has a large family, merely accepted a fee which was given to him without any solicita- tioti oil lii- I)art. His offence, therefore, consisted in not refusing money when it was offered him. CAUTION TO ADVERTISERS. — We must enntion the public ifgaiust parties who are in the habit of putting advertisements in ihe country newspapers, offering to supply the London newspapers at «uch prices as fnustcouvince uny person who will tuke the trouble to make the slightest calculation, that a fraud is intended. It has very often happened, that persons being tempted by the low prices named, have sent the parties orders for papers, and, as desired by them. payment in advance, and in every instance such persons have been swindled out of their money. Advertisements of the above descrip- tion have been observed to abound, of late, in the country papers, and there is reason to fear that some of the London sharpers have reaped a rich hardest by this nefarious practice. MECHANICS' INSTITUTES. — From a statement that has recently been published, it appears that there are 216 Mechanics' Institutions in England, coiripiHjnif 26,651 members and subscribers, ol whom about half belong to the class of workmen and that the number of lectures delivered yearly is about 1,198. The three great meatis ofulteflilnpss which appear to be proposed by these institutes a^e— Classes for rpular i nstrllet ion, Lectures, and Libraries. Ti,e I-i,,erp(,ol Mechanics' lustiiution cost, it seeing, no less than £ 15,000, contains upwards of 3,300 members—850 pupils iu tine.- days schools 000 pupils in 15 or 16 evening clashes has 5o teachers regularly employed, whose salaries amount to £5.000 ii-year-a library of 7,<>00 volumes, with 1,300 readers, and a daily dis- tribution of 200 volufaies-tind public lectures twice a week, attended by audiences varying from 600 to 1,300. PAISLEY — On Saturday week this town was the scene of a singular exhibition. Alr F. O'Contior indtbe Rev. Mr Brewster having challenged one another to debate the relative merits of moral and physical force as the instrument for securing the peopl(", charter, tenus were arranged by their respective friends, and a discussion took place between the champions, in the open air, in the presence of about 4,000 po. pie. Both gentlemen spoke at great length in support of their respective creeds as Chartists, and both claimed the majority when the vote was taken. It was then proposed that the field should be divided, and Mr. O'Connor, waving his hat, called upon all his friends to follow him. This Was immediately done, and Mr O'Connor climbed a tree, and made it his rostrum; when it became evident that Mr Brewster bad a large majority. THE CONVICT BI-AKESLBY.—The defence M :de on behalf of this wretched man was, it appears, not groundless. Several persons who were acquainted with his peculiarities and habits, upon hearing of his having committed murder, expressed no surprise at it, as they observed that he invariably evinced symptojns of madness at the fall of the year. His eldest brother also betrayed lunacy, so much so, that his father sent hiin, a few years ago, to a friend iu Gloster, to see what effect change of scene would have upon him This brother went out t o bathe one morning, and as he did not return for some time, messengers were despatched after him, when his clothes were found on the bank. Search wa3 immediately made for the body, and it was dragged from the river. The sup- position is that he committed suicide. flis utifor. tunitefamity intend leaving the country, ANECDOTE OF TIIF. DUE OP WELLINGTON'S Y O't;TH During the government of Ireland by Lord Westmorland, from i790 to 1795, when the Hon. Arthur Wellesley was attached to the Vice-Regal Court, then superintended by the Hon. Mrs Stratford, now the Dowager Countess of Aldborougb, Mrs Woodcock, confessedly the most beautiful woman in Ireland, after spending a festive evening at the Castle, found it impossible to obtain the usual conveyance of a hand-chair to take her home, in consequence of an overwhelming fall of snow, which compelled the desertion of every stand. Her disappointment was visible, but was promptly relieved by the Hon. Mr Wellesley and the Hon. Mr Perry, the present Karl of Limerick, who gallantly volunteered their services; and seizing a chair that always awaited in the hall, carried their fair charge, IlInd a s'orm of drifted and assailing snow, to her rather distant residence. A FORTUNATE [l':PORTER.-A Yankee editor, describing the bursting of a cannon, hy which several persons were badly wounded, says:—" Our reporter, who had his hand blown off, was fortunately on the spot, and has narrated to us the full particulars of the catastrophe," NEW RAILWAY CARItIAGE.-Oti Friday week a party of directors of various lines of railway were in- vited bv the chairman of the Manchester and Leeds Railway to take an excursion iu a carriage of a novel construction, built according to his own plan and design anil we think very great cre dit is due to Mr. Houldsworth for his invention. The under training is of the usual construction, but the body is unique. The flour is considerably wider than ordinary.and the sides curve outwards till they join a circular roof, the greater part of which is iftted with wire gauze to give air, but capable of being instantaneously covered with waterproof material hy the aclion of an inside handle, so that sun and raiii may be shaded out at .1 pleasure. The sides ore fitted throughout with plate glass, and ranges of seats occupy the floor, leaving' passages on either hand. Tents are also contrived ,in tho sides, which close at will by spring action. The eff el of the interior resembles the inside of a conservatory. During the progress of the party through the very beautiful hill scenery to Todmorden and Hebdeu bridge, a collation was partaken of, and UIp wille-cup circulated, the iii,,inbeis of tho party moving about in groups, conversing as though iu a fixed apartment, or rather a steamer's cabin. On the road some experiments were tried with a self-acting break, the invention of Messrs. Nasmyth and Patri- croft, intended to obviate the necessity of guarJs to a train, by rendering the breaks automatic, and, conse- quently, certain.—Derby Mercury. LOUD LYNDHURST.— We have always been ad- mirers of Lord Lyndhurst. His resuming his seat, therefore, in the Court of Chancery on Tuesday last was to us a gratifying event. We resolved to witness it. We have witnessed it, and in doing so. have seen an occurrence which, regarded in connection with the previous progress of the learned nobleman up to this day, has, we believe, no parallel in the legal history of this country. We remember some years since, when attacked in the House of Lords Oil ac- count of his reputed ambition, he said in reply. Although I have been accused as a man of sinister views, yet having twice passed that chnir (pointing to the Woolsack), I have no ifurllwr wishes." He has for the third time taken the chair; and we are mis- taken if the great majority of the country will not accord him a position which he always occupied "ith a dignity and ability ealeu'ated to render it venerable in the eyes of the country,-Times THE BUD"; LIGHT -The new system of lighting and ventilating by means of the improved light was, lately, most successfully shown at Christ Church, Albany-street, Regent's park, at the evening service, a more perfect illumination having been produced by two ornamental lustres (similarto those used in the House of Commons) than by the 72 argand burners previously used there. The perfict ventilation of the church was likewise e!T<;e!ed by means of flues ascending from these lustres through the ceiling into the oprttair,which carried of all heat. noxious pro- ducts of combustion, as well as air vitiated by res- piration, so prejudicial to lIealth in close or crowded apartments. These advantages appear to be peculiar to a light of this power, as lights of a lesser power must 110 placed at such distance from the ceiling, in order to illuminate the lower parts of a room or building, as would render impracticable any attempt to carry ventilating flues from each light; independent of which,|the glare from a multiplicity ol naked ligliits is not only offensive, but injurious to the sight. These improvements were alluded to in a very appropriate manner from the pulpit by thereftor, Mr. Dodswortli. GOOD ROADS. Good roads equalise enjoyments and spread property in many ways. The very making of the roads takes so much property as the road costs, in wages, from those who have it, aud transfer it to the labourers who make the road, and who have it not Then, aptin, a road is like a coat, good on the back of one man and ragged on the back of another; but it is equally good for the poor man and king. Good roads, by opening easy communication from the sea and rivers to the remotest parts of the country, enable those who live in those remote parts to bring their pro- ducts eaily to market. This increases the price of their products" and of their lands, of course; and this tends to equality of prices. So tliat, finally, by the aid of good roads, railroads, canals, and other communica. tions, all parts of the country stand as nearly as may be upon the same footing of equality, instead of being in a half barbarous condition, where all commerce, manufactures,anll riches, are confined to a few places on the sea or the rivers. Miss Adelaide Kcmblc, a younger daughter of Mr. Charles Keinble, made a most successful debut at Cogent Garden, on the cvenitn; of Tuesday week. She appeared as Norma in Bellini's Opera of that name. The fair debutante was hailed with tho most rapturous applause by an overflowing -iutlitiiet-. Iliss Keint)le seemed for a few moments," says the Times, overcome by the excess of applause, ami rested on the altar before the sacred oak. During her first recitative she scarcely had full power over her voice, and her reading was rather monotonous, but iu Casta Diva she at once took the position as a prima donna, which siIP sustained all thejeveuing, and which places her beyond comparison with any singers on the English stage that have been heard for many years. The cultivation of her voice, the command she has acquired over it, the power of subduiiu it, ace Italian, it) lier very tones there is a sound of Italy. Her voice is powerful, though not always equal, especially in the higher ranifn; when she occasionally appears to have reached her highest pitch; but there were times when these high notes were of the most exquisite quality, especially in the ascending passage at ths close of Casta Diva. Her execution is always truc- always given with the finish of a mistress; and her ornaments, though evincing no original conception, are neat aud graceful. She takes her po- sition as all artist trained in the highest school, and in that position she stands alone." Two Commissions of Inquiry are about to be ap- pointed by Her Majesty's Government. The one at the suggestion of the First Lord of the Treasury and the Chancellor of the Exchequer—the other at the suggestion of the Lord Chancellor. The object of the first of these Commissions will be to inquire into the charge of collecting the public revenue, and of considering whether it will he poss ble to effect any reduction in that charge, either by the consolidation of offices or by the suppression of them, or by new arrangements for the receipt and transmission of the revenue. This commission will also inquire whether any additional facilities can be given for carrying on the cotiitvipi-ce manufactures of the country without loss or risk to tho revenuer. We understand that Lord Granville Somerset, Mr Gladstone, Mr Bingham Baring, Mr Millies Gaskell, and .Mr Pi ingle, have undertaken to conduct the inquiries above referred to, Lord Granville Somerset,WHO will preside over the Commission took a leading part in the investig itions 011 which the reductions made by tho Duke of Wellington's Government in 1828, 1829, and IS30 were consequent. It is probable that the Com- missioners will vi«it some of the principal outports for the purposeof examining personally into the mode of conducting business. The object of the second Commission, which the Lord Chancellor proposes to institute, vill be to examine into the for us and modes of proceeding ill the courts of equity, with a view of rendering the system less cumbrous, and the progress of a suit less tedious expensive. We have reason to believe that Lord Langdale, Mr Pemberton, and Mr Wiuram, who has been recently appointed Vice-Chmcellor, In ve undertaken to lend their invaluable services for the conduct of this investiga- tion which, like the other, will be cnriied on without ativ charge to the public.-Tiiiies. NARROW ESCAPB. — O-I Friday se'nnitfbt, aa Mis Johns, of D'jlecothy, was walking on the sands at the Ferry Side, Carmarthenshire, accompanied by a servant, she "Ilddculy found that the tide was rising so rapidly as almost to encouipa-s them stie ini- niediatedly dispatched hei servunt for assistance, but before it auived, the tide had completely henniied heriu, aud obliged her to retire into a crevice of the rocks, when her situation was descried by the Rev. T. B. Gwynne, Rector of St. lshmael's, who, by dint of great exertion, and hy (lescelidilig a very high cliff, contrived to reach the almost petrified Udy; for fear had such an effec t upon her, as to rentier her comp eiely helpless. The water by this time reached above her knees, and the spray was dasilinz ovei- her, when Mr. Gwynue, contrived by lifting her frotn ledu;e to ledge ot the locks, to place her out of danger until help arriied. This is the third pers n whom lite rcv. olentleiiian has saved from drowning and on one occasion, when a coracle had been upset and a boy was in imminent d in^er, he dived in water of upwards of 15 feet for him, alld saved his life. DISCOVERY OF JEWELS.—-A recent di >covery of jewels in the Exchequer Office has been the sub- ject of much conversation during the last week. The treasure found is said to be of considerable value, aud according to all appearances, it has been hid 150 years — plainly fur mure than a century. The ino-t probable surmise 1, thai the jewels were pledged in lite reign either of Charles II. or James II., princes w I'.o observed no remarkable regulai ity in their financial operations. THE HARVEST MOUSE.—The smallest of British quadrupeds is supposed to be the harvest mouse, hitherto found only In Hampshire, mid which is so diminutive, that two of thein put into a scalI) just weighed down one copper halfpenny. One of the nests of these little animals was procured by Mr White; it was most artificially platted and composed of wheat blades, and perfect y round, about the size of a cricket-ball. It w as so compact and well filled, that it would roll across a table without being discomposed, though it contained (jight young ones. This wonderful cradle was found in a wheat field, suspended in the heau of a thistle.—Liverpool Chronicle,

IRELAND. Oi M onday %yeek, oiie of the irreatest miracles of modern days occurred in our old Eblanutn-uamely, the elevation of one of Ihe greatest rogues and robe's to the post of Lord Mayor of Dublia. The city was nothing hut one scene of excitement from Mud Island to Kingxbridge, from morning until e veni ng. For nearly an hour before the Council met for the election of Lord Mayor, every street leading 'o the Assembly House was crowded by persons anxious to get a glimpse of the novel sight. Oil the Council meeting, and previous to Ihe election, Mr. Alderman Boyce inquired of Mr. O'Coniiell, what course would he pursue in cas" of hit, electiou with regard to repeal?" Mr. O'Councll replied, c. that in the office of Lord Mayor no one should know what his politics were," and with this pre- meditated falsehood in his mouth was invested with the go'd chain. Af'er the business of the Council had concluded, the new Lord Mayor's friends and Sycophants seemed all at once to be impressed witli ibis awful responsibility, for Mr. Councillor Cal- laghan rose, and with the air of a man big with a most momentous question said, addressing O'Con- nell — •* My Lord, may I take the liberty of asking if your Lordship will occupy the Mansion Hou-e this day, or will your Lordship !jleep: there Itbi. night?" Like Macbeth his "Lordship" has done so much to "murder sleep," one would expect that he ought to sleep no more"—" Glamis hath murdered sleep, and therefore Cawdor shall sleep no more." When his lordship flung his burly person that night into the state bed, never before pressed but by loyal men, I should like to know the visi.ihs that visited his chaste pillow—how the old gallant of Lord Killeen's cinder wench felton finding himself between the four grand posts, aud under the sombre drapery of the civic couch, which, altis is too like Procrustes' bed, so equal io its accommodation of rogues and honest men. The visions of his head upon his bed might, I thiesk, have been most happily published, and proved as protitable and prophetic as Pharaoh's dream. It is the intention of a friend of mine to write an epithalamium on the new Mayor's first civic bedeiiig-I hope the perfoimance will be equal to the subject. When the fat rascal awoke next morning-, I can almost fstiey him rubbing his eyes in bewilderment, and looking round at the furniture of the civic bedroom, whi!e one after the other his ideas and senses recurred to him, and at length assured of the reality of everything he saw cryitiz out, in the words of Christopher Sly (in the Taming of the Shrew.) under nearly similar circum- stances of suo-prise- Upon my life I am a -Lord indeed." It was but a few minutes before Mr. Callaghan put the question 1 have jut alluded to, Mr. Alderman Boyce (whaae similarity of name to the celebrated Sir Uobert Boyle seems to have given him a share in that illustrious Irishman's talent for bulling) said, addressing the iNleyor-11 It occurs to me, my lord, that we olJgoht to have four quarter days In the year." What profound wisdom! The Alderman is ipsia Hibernicis Hibernior and a paper of to-day (the Mail) has the following racy comment on Sir Boyce's suzl,,est ioii :-I' Poor Sir John Stevenson, of fe cetious memorv-an excellent Doctor of music, but indifferently skilled in farriery-was once persuaded by a whig to believe that a horse, purchased by him on his own judgment, had five fetlocks and he ab. tiolutely returned it to its owner, a cavalry officer then in this garrison, as unsound—assigning, in a w i ii ten document, still in existence and worthy a place in the curiosities of literature," the super- numerary fetlock as the cause of ro.iection What an Alderman he would have made! When the business of the Council had concluded, there was considerate delay in getting O'ConuelPs carriage to the door of the Assembly House, so dense was the ciowd in the neighbourhood O'Con- nell accordingly took occasion to seize upon the op- portunity which this circumstance afforded him to address his tatterdemallions in his new capacity he appeared at the front window of the Assembly House, dressed in his scarlet velvet gown, cocked hat, and chain—it was Polybius's description of the Carihageniau demagogue to life only for the snub nose and the round red potato face, you would be slow to recognise hiui but there is an everlasting identity about those features which prevents mistake he certainly was a startling sight, and one had trouble to convince himself that the demagogue was not masking. By a little exertion you can have him in your mind's eye fancy a big figure stuck up in the front window of the Assembly House, decked and bedizened like a waxwork, red goowu and red face, the latter enlivened by a cunning twinkling eye, and shaded by a cocked hat; while thousands of ragamuffins, with countenances upturned to this flaming figure, yelped and roared without inter- mUsion: a friend, as we were crushed in the crowd, whispered in my ear a paraphrase of the well-knowu liues- In scarlet and brogue Shines many a ro^ue, Good morrow, O'Conncll." t. Friends," said the agitator, Mayor, &c., waving one hand, and flourishing his cocked hat with the other, what a daylfor old Ireland A Repealer is Lord Mayor of Dabliti-tlii-,4 is but a foretaste of wiiat you may expect when we have a Parliament in College-green. We have carried theCorporaiion, my boys—keep your heads together, and we will also carry Itel,eitl." This brief but characteristic speech drew forth yells that almost frightened old father Lifty—and so it might, such a speech from a Lord Mayor of a loyal Corporation of Dublin In the crowds of rascals filled the streets, from the Castle to College Green, along Dane-street, &c. and in the neighbourhood of the Assembly Baillie; they were well disposed for distui bance. In College Green they lore up the newly laid down shingle, and commenced battering the equestrian statue of King William; hut a strong force of police opportunely arrived to prevent much mischief. O'Connell has announced his intention to go in slate to the Popish chapel, in Francis-street, on Sunday next, where here arc to be fine doings in honor of this extraord- inary event. His name appears on proclamations convoking the Council, and the circumstance of O'Connell's name surmounted by the Royal arms appearing on the walls makes every one stare. The loyal reception which the Viceroy received at the theatre, in Hawkins's-sireet, has excited the ire of the Radical papers beyond all bounds. Dick Barratt is roaring in sound and turyat the event, the most remarkable feature of which was a few rounds of Kentish fire. I should have mentioned thai the stone-throwing was carl ied to such an extent on Monday night, in the neighbourhood of College Green, thai the shopkeepers were obliged to put up their shutters, and the fiont entrance to the College was shut, the students having been obliged to pass in and out through the back gate. in "Brunswick Street.

Baron Foster, it is said, will be promoted from the li,xehequer to the Common Pleas, and Mr. fefroy be the-new baron: this causes a vacancy in the re- presentation of the College.—Bristol T'imes. We understand that over one hundred pigs died during 'their passage from Ireland in one of the steam vessels last week. The weather was so stormy the h itches were unavoidably ob i<; d to be fastened down, when the animals were smothered. -Bristol Times.

,jo L Saturday, November 13, 1841. Published by the sole Proprietor HENRY WEBBER, at Wood field House, in the Parish of Saint John. in the Town of Cardiff and County of Glamon, and Printed by him at his General Printing QfSce, in Duke-street, in the said Parish of Saint John, in the Town and County aforesaid. Advertisements and Orders received by the following Agents: — LONDON — Air. Barker, 33, Kleet Street; Messrs Newton and Co., 5, Warwick Square; Mr. G. Reynell, 42, Chancery Lane; Mr. Deacon, 3, Walhrook. near the Mansion House; Mr. Joseph Tho ê as, I, Finch Lane. Cornhill; Mr. Hammond, 27, Lombard Street; Mr. Charles Barker, 12, Birchin Lane; and Messrs Clarke anl Lewis, Crown Court. Thrcadneedls Street. ABERGAVENNY: Mr C. R. Pliillii)s, Auctioneer. BEAUFORT: 11 LAIN A BRYN MAWR: KBBW VALE* A N I'YGL <>. HUE CON Mr Win. Dv^ns^ Ship Street. BRIDGEND Mr. David Jenkins. IJlnsToL: Mr John llees, 31 College Green. CHEPSTOW Mr. Taylor. NEWBRIDGE: Post Oilice. CRICKHOW ELL Mr. T. William.. Post Office. HEREFORD Mr. W. II. Vale, Bookseller. High Street. LLANDOVERY Mr William lIees. Post Office. IJLANDAFF: Md. Hncuwell, Registrar's Office. JLERTHYR Mr. Edward WLgin. NON MOUTH Mr C. Hough, Bookseller, &c. NEATH Mr Wiliiam Prichard liees, Green Street. NEWBRIDGE: Mr TholUiiS Williams. Ironmonger. NEWCASTLE EMI.YN: Mr William Jones, Printer and Stationer, Bridgend House. PEMBROKE: Mr ft. C. Trewecks, Chemist and Book teller. PONTYPOOL Mr g. Prosser. Bookseller. SWANSEA Mr Christopher M'Adam, York Place. TF.NBY MrJohll Howe, Ironmonger, High Street TREDEGAR: Mr. Human. USK Mr. J. H.Clark. AND by all Postmasters and Clerks of the Roads. This Paper is regularly Jiled in London at Llovd's Coffee House, City. Peel's Collee liuusr, Fleet Street. The Chapter Coffee House, St Paul's. And at Deacon's Coffee House, Walbrook.

P O E T ti Y. THE SPIRIT'S WARNINGS. But of that day and hour knoweth no man no, not the Angels of Heaven."— Matthew 24 c. Thou hast been warn'd, thou fading child of earth, While gazing on thy own fair, fragile flow'rs. And there were thoughts, e'en in thy laughing mirth, Which dim'd the brightness of thy sunniest hours. Thou hast been warn'd, thou lovely happy, young, The Autumn leaves from thy own path are driv'n, The string of gems which joy around thee hung. Will cost hee tears when from thee they are riv'n, Thou still art warn'd—There is a message sent; Hast thou not read it on the tinted leaves ? There. is a voice with the winds echoes blent, Which to the very soul its mandate breathes. It may be hush'd midst sounds of busy day, nd lost amidst the din of noisy mirlh, But lingers near, and v hispnrs" Come away Fling off thy chains, and cling no more to earth." It varns thee no N,-in Solitude it breathes, When all is hush'd, except the ripplinn wavc- The gushing cascade, and the rustling leaves. And the wild winds that round thy dwelling rave. Thou hast been warn'd, tho' dondless, calm, and bright Thy days have pass'd.some unseen pow'r hath striv'n To win thy hopes to realms of purest light, And whisper'd of the radiancy of Heav'n. Christian thou'rt warn'd,—take up thy cross and wait; Day is far spent, the night is now at hand," When thou shall pass the portals of Death's gate, And face to face before thy Saviour stand. Oh watch and pray 1 resist the tempter's pow'r; Thine is a high and glorious destiny. Ye ''sow in tears," perchance the next bright hour. And ye shall reap your golden grain on high. Thou bast been warn'd ;-the still small voice within, Hath waken'd feelings holy. pure, divine, Oh may they now be purified from sin. A.nd laid as incense on a worthier shrine. Hope's purest blossoms lay around thy heart, Thy soul was thrill'd to see them there expand But soon their bloom and beauty did depart, Crush'd and defaced by an Almighty hand. Thus wert thou bruised. thy fragrance to exhale, Like a crush'd leaf, now driven to and fro" Despairingly, with care-worn cheek so pale. Creatures of yesterday what care we know ? Now look beyond that dense and sable cloud Doth not thy soul, entrane'd, now love to trace His image there,for doth it not enshroud The veiled brightness of thy Father's face. Yes, thou wert warn'd, and yet thou did'st not know, Who' 'twas that rous'd thee from thy wild day dream, And laid thy proud and careless spirit low, Till the same hand dispensing gifts was seen. Now wipe thine eyes, thou wand'ring weary one, Is He not with thee still to guide thy feet Through the entangled maze ? Now rest upon This one bright thought—Oh wherefore should'st thou weep. Ye aged pilgrims—ye who've rearh'd the brink Of Life's deep, fathomless, and boundless sea, Ye have been warn'd. Oh! pause awhile, and think What are your hopes of that Eternity ? Ye have been warn'd, and Time for each hath wrought A silver crown, the dow'r of hoary age. Leave, leave the world, it is not worth one thought, Tis closing o'er your earthly pilgrimage. Oft ye were warn'd when friends were called away, When faded forms were coldly laid to rest. Where are your earthly friends ? Ah! where are they ? For whom ye wept for years in mourning vest. They're not forgot, tho'filled each vacant place, Another circle gathers round your hearth, But mournfully some dear familiar face Look* back reproachfully to check your mirth, MARIANNE.

ORIGINAL CHARADES. No. XII. -0-- Man—whom his God but less than angel made- Hut less than demon by my FIRST became; And on my SECOND once in smiles arrayed, Still brings it crime and murder, war and flame. Witness this truth, my sad and suffering WHOLE, What more could nature on your clime bes-ow, Of gloriou- gifts-search we from pole to pole ? What more could man inflict of want and woe ? Solution of charade of last week-PILL-AGE