The Glamorgan Monmouth and Brecon Gazette and Merthyr Guardian

FROM THE LONDON GAZETTES. m-gow- London, Friday, September 18, 1835. WEST INDIA COMPENSATION. National Debt Office, Sept. 17. The Commissioners for the Reduction of the Natioiitl Debt hereby give notice, that all uncontested claims which shall be awarded by the Commissioners of Com- pensation, under the provisions of the Act 3rd and 4-.11 Willihni IV., cap. 73, will he p.id at the National Debt Office, on the 7th day iiextlollowitig the date of the award of the Commissioners of Compensation. 1 S. HICHAM, Controller-General. DECLARATION OF INSOLVENCY. John Gieavcs, Liverpool, merchant. BANKRUPTS. Henry Wright, Norwich, wine merchant. Thomas Knight, Gilbert Street, Oxford Street, corn- chandler. Stephen Godson, Devonshire Street, B'Sllop.,gat(,@ and Mincing Lane, wine merchant. William Bailey, Gate Street, Lincoln's Inn fields, currier. Samuel Roberts, Farringdon Street, floor cloth manu- facturer. Winjam. James Potter, JLittle Compton Street, Soho victualler. William Ayling, Great Portland Street, Marylebone, chemist. James Seaber, NewmarKet, stittolk, scriveller. Joseph Wrigley. Manchester, fustian manufacturer. Robert I] i(le"Clie,;terfiel, Derbyshire, grocer. Samuel Hider, Brighton, builder. London, Tuesday, Sept. 22. BANKRUPTCY ENLARGED. Morgan Williams, Neath, Glamorganshire, linen- draper, Oct. 9, at two, at the Court of Bankruptcy. BANKRUPTCY SUPERSEDED. William Bates, Lower Snaw Hill, Yorkshire, mer. chant. BANKRUPTS. J.imes Warwick Buckland, Union Road, Albany Road, Old Kent Road, Surrey, British plate manufacturer. Joel Bailey, Southampton, hatter. Robert James M'Entire, Belfast, Ireland, merchant. Robert Jones, Carnarvon, draper. George Pearson and Thomas Pearson, Newcastle- upon-Tyne, paper merchants. -&

PROGRESS OF MKTHODISM IN FRANCE.—A meeting of the Wesleyan Branch Missionary So- ciety was held at their chapel, rue d'Anjou. Among the gentlemen present were the following Ministers:—Messrs Newstead, De Jersey, and Cook, Missionaries for France; Mr Traveller, formerly Missionary at Madras; and Mr Lietehild, Minister of Craven Chapel, London. Mr Traveller gave an interesting account of the success of Missions in India, where numerous schools have been established and-native teachers have been I formed. It appears from the report that the infant labours of this society in France are pros- pering. It has seven stations in different parts of France, and seven schools. Last year the members of its Churches were 268, including 52 in the Lille circuit, since scattered by the removal of the Minister. The members are now 464, of whom 70 only are English. Two years ago they were — Paris Advertiser. WESLEYAN PROTESTANT MEETING—On Thurs- day week the seventh annual meeting of the above- named religious association commenced its sittings in Park Chapel, Caroline-street, in Leeds, but was ad- journed to the following Tuesday. Itinerant preachers and lay represerrtatives from a considerable number of circuits attended the meeting; also George Cooknuin, Esq. of Hull, the president of the delegated meetings recently held in Manchester and Sheffield, and a depu- tation from the Committee of the Central Association in Manchester. During the past year five additional travelling preachers were called out to labour, and the increase of numbers was 44S. The connection gene- rally was stated to be in great prosperity.-Hull Observer. EARTHQUAKE.—We learn by a letter from Tunis, dated August the 14th, that on the 5th, 6th, and 7th, of that month, the sea-port of Susa. in that kingdom, was visited by suocessiveshocks of earth- quake, which on the last day became so violent that a great many houses were thrown down, and others greatly shaken. Many persons were buried in the ruins, though the principal part of the in- habitants fled to the country on the first day.- Some slight vibrations were felt at Monestier but at Tunis, which is eighty-five miles from SuM, no- thing of it was felt. Information has been forwarded to the London police, that on the J6tb of July the shop of M. Bolville, No. 26,St. Aricm-street, Paris, was plun- dered of upwards of 900 watches of foreign manu- tactxire, and a quantity of plate and that a feraaU named Bloe, originally fronv.Mentz. wfio left Paris havVnJ Uteen ldays aS°- •» strongly suspected of having brought the watcheaf wlih b4t~w tte^loa'. Sne is described as abont 36 years of age* h lifee handsome-looking, woman, OFC brown cqwiale^rafi and elegantly dressed. Her husband i> sufcos& to be at Amsterdam,

ON THE OCCURRENCE OF METALS IN HOCKS. Metals occur in rocks either disseminated in bunches, in a net-work of strings or small teias, in beds, or in veins filling fissures, which traverse bet!s or masses of rock. When metals are* disseminated through a rock, a& tin often is in granite, and iron pyrites in many trap rocks and clay" slates, there can be little doubt that they constituted original portions of the roct., and that they were chemically separated from the mass during consolidation; When metals occur in bunches, as the copper at Ecton, Staffordshire,or the tead in theSierra Nevada, in Spain, there is a difficulty in considering tllelp otherwise than contemporaneous- with. the rocks in which they are included. The occurrellce also of metals in strings or sitkitil veiiis ci-osl'itio cacti other itilktll directions,jso-tliat yi a section they appear like net-work, reminds us strongly of the small strings or veins of carbonate of lime in many limestones, as has been observed by ,Mr Weaver respecting those of copper in Rocs Island, JLake of Killarney so that if not precisely contemporaneous with the original formation of the including rock, they were, like the calcareous veins in the limestone, secreted from the rock into small cracks possibly produced during consolidation. The occurrence ofmc!ais ill heds hall been much disputed or commented 011, but it must be admitted that iron ore frequently occurs in beds, and we must regard the copper slate of Thuringia and other adjacent countries as, to a certain extent, a metallic bed, though it doesilut strietly coviie under the head of a bed of solid ore. The appear-mce of metals in beds is often deceptive, being nothing more than a continuation of a vein laterally between strata; thus in the rich copper mine of Allihies, in the south of Ireland, "the ore occurs in a large quartz vein, which generalry intersects the slaty rocks of thecouritry from north to south, but in mime cases tuns'paVEinel to the stratification." Mr Taylor informs me (hat the lead in Neut Head, in Alston Moor, Cumberland, shoots out laterally among the strata, and that the same fact is observable in dif- ferent mines in Yorkshire and Flintshire. The most common occurrenceof metals is however in Teins, or, as they are termed in Cornwall, lodes. These are-in part filled up, but in various proportions, With metallic substances, and have the general ap- pearance of fissures. They dip at various angles, not tfnfrequently approaching a vertical position. It was at one time much disputed whether these fissures had been filled from above or beneath but from fads that have been no-ticed within a few years, more particularly by Mr. Taylor and Mr Carl.e, there is much difficulty in considering that either by po- thesis is generally correct. It no w appears that the mineral character of a metalliferous vein greatly de- pends upon the rock which it traverse-, that is, when a vein traverses two rocks, as for instance granite and s ate, the contents of the vein are not sjenerally the same in the two rocks, but will be different in the one and the other. Mr Carne has observed, re- specting the metalliferous veins of Cornwall, that it is a rare circumstance when a vein which has been productive in one rock continues rich long after it has enfered into another. The satrie author has also remarked that a similar change will be observed even in the same rock, should such rock become harder or softer, more slaty oi- more compact. He admits that such changes are sometimes, small, but states that the general fact is slifficielitly appa- rent, and often very striking. Such facts are not confined to Cornwall, but have been observed else- where; thus the lead veins traversing the carboni- ferous limestone of Derbyshire, which is in some places much associated with trap rocks, are found to be so altered in their passage through the trap, which, from the mode of association, presents thj appearance of iuterstratification, that it was once considered the trap cut off the lead veius; this is, however, now well known not to be the case. This fact of the alteration of metallic veins in their passage from one kind of rock to another, or in the same rock, should that become changed, would lead us to consider, with Mr Fox, that their formation has been, in a great measure, due to the silent though powerful influence of electricity. This enquiry may yet be considered in its infancy but the ex- periments of Mr Fox on the electro magnetic pro- perties of the metalliferous veins of Cornwall will be read with great interest. That many of these veins are fissures produced by dislocations simitar to those which are commonly found in various countries, aiid are supposed to abound more in the coal-tneasures only because opportunities of detecting them are there more frequent, seems highly probable indeed if veins are of different ages, and by cutting one another shift each other, as has been shown to be frequently the case in Cornwall, we oo& scarcely doubt it. The following is, according to Mr Carne, the relative ages ofthe veins in Cornwall :-1. oldest tin lodes 2. the more recent tin lodes 3. the oldest east and west copper lodes; 4. the contra copper odes; 5. cross courses 6. the more recent copper odes; 7. the cross flukans (clay Teins); and H. the s (faults with clay in the fissures ) Now if this rp alive antiquity of veins be generally correct, as ai as respects Cornwall, it becomes a curious question, why, if simIlar causes have produced them, SHIlIlar results should not be the consequence. If we adrnit the possibility of secreting the contents of veins from the rocks by electrical means, we cannot soieadily understand why different metals should fill t ie veiusiu the sanierocks, though the direction of the veins mijrht have considerable influence on thecondi- In.'nel a'°8,'ca' combinationsof the same ineta'. iileagain if we consider them ejected from beneath, weae at a loss to understand why the metallic veins Vft'" *° rtl'cred in their passage through eren' rocks. We are certainly not prepared to Ila3, wh;it cftect may have been produced on the vein, and on the including rock- from the continued pas- sage ot electricity through the vein during all im- mense lapse of time, or from the arrangement of rocks on the large seale, producing, when properly con- nected, the effects of a grand galvanic battery but as the information at present stands, the history of metalliferous veins is anything but clear. It is quite certain from the dissemination of metals in rocks, that they may constitute an original portion of them; the sihall strings also which cross each olher, and are unconnected with great veins, have all the ap- pearance uf chemical separations from the including rock therefore a given rock may contain the neces- sary elements for secreting substances into a fissure, liV 8anie manner that carbonate of lime frequently s fissures in lime stoues, and quartzose veins are common in rocks where silica is ubundaut. m 1C '^e°ry °f internal heat be well founded, it "•it 1 ev'<'enl 'he two ends of a metallic vein wi be differently heated, and therefore we should have a Ihermo-electrical apparatus, on the large sea e, producing effects which, though slow, might be very considerable. How far such rl.:a'ly exist in nature remainsquestionable but it may be observed that the experimellts of Mr Fox show the possibility ot their occurrence; and should further researches in this highly interesting- subject merely so divide it, that some of its present apparent complexity may disappeai, a great advance will be made in this now obscure branch of geological iiiquiry.-Pe la Heche's Geological Manual.

HORRIBLE AND WANTON MURDER.—On Sa- turday night last, between the hours of twelve and one o'clock, a large party of armed miscreants went to the dwelling-house of Mr Martin Fitzgerald, of, Jesstield, contiguous to Ballingarry, barony of Slieveardagh, andsucceeded ineffecting anentrance through the barn window, where a servant man was sleeping. The roused him from his sleep, and ordered him to tie up a greyhound for them which had been there he said he would rather die than let it go, when one of the savages instantly and without further provocation, levelled his gun at trie poor lei low, and shot him through the heart The assassins then departed, and left a gun with a screwed bayonet in the barn after tileal.-Clonmel Advertiser. THE WEUXETH MURDER WM. Mosley, on whose testimony ilisbrotlierjoseph, and JamesGar- side were executed at Horsemonger-lane Gaol, a short time since, for the Werneth murder, is at length on his way to America. His appearance is that of an unhappy man, pallid, sorrowful, dejected, his body rapid y wasting, and his general contour and demeanour, from a stout rather robust, vivacious young man, has been hurried by the "slill small voice" to a lingering, faltering gait, and a dull, deserted creature. Mosley has been furnished with the means of sailing to America, and a trifle to forward him to the interior, as he prefers the capacity of a navigator to the life ofanything else, having been brought up to it, a-ad knowing too that the spirit of canal making is very rife in that •ountry, besides feeing anxious "lo go where no person could teaze him about the murder.-ilIac- clesfield Courier. FRANCIS BARNES THE NOTORIOUS BURGLAR.— e, Monday evening at six o'clock, an inquest was held in the Board-room of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, before Mr Payne and a respectable Jury, on view of the body of Francis Barnes, aged tweuty-six, who died in consequence of injuries received in filling from a house in Honey-lane, Cheaps:de, whilst in the act of making his escape from the police, after breaking into the dwelling house of Mr Wilson, warehouseman, of Lawrence lane. The inquiry, which was one of a very extraordinary, nature, ex- cited much iirierest, and the inquext-roorif was crowded to excess. The facts elicited in., evidence have been already, before the public. Jury retprued a verdict- 'kl'hat the deceased wa* acciden- tally killed in at tempting to cscapg trfefrt&^coin- Od»*iou of a burglary,"

CUXTEJIPOR^m lrPRESS~ 40 (From the Times.) Daniel told his Scots audience that he was for the colitntary prii?ctpl-c* in religion. We believe him. But why is he for the "voluntary principle?"1 To sup- pose that a Papist—a spiritual subjeet of the Bishop of Rome—whose mind and conscience in all matters relative to religion are more bound and fettered thnn the limbs ot the fresb-caiight African in a slave- ship—can be, in the ordinary acceptation of the words, for the voluntary principle in religion," is to suppose the grossest absurdity tint a sane man was e"'r yet brought to hear without bursting his sides with laughter. And such a Papist too! He who went down upon his knees in the gutter to the priests in the town of Emits >: Oh no! this is not what Daniel means. The object he has in view in asserting, like a Jesuit as he is, the "voluntary principle" in England and Wales and Scotland, is to establish it in Ireland— in other words to destroy the branch of the Protestant Establishment in that country,, and set liP, POPUIH SUPREMACY in its stead; while throughout the rest of these Protestant dominions he will have gone as far as man can go to overthrow the whole Anglican esta- blishment, and to set men's opinions floating in a sea of doubt and darkness and of danger, without a single star to steer by. And for this work, next to the es- tablishment of Pùpery iu Ireland, his church will most thank him. We entreat the sober people of Scotland to ponder we'l oti these tilings, and not to be deceived by the statkiug-horse of polities which covers the ap- proach of those nets the Papists have so carefully woven, and Daniel works so cunningly to spread. Another point of this Edinburgh oration is Daniel's charge that Sir R. Peel praised the late laws of Louis .Pnilippe, coupled with an "insinuation that Sir R. Peel would not hesitate to introduce the same laws in this country, if he had the power. The charge is a cool, a deliberate, unmitigated lie; and the insinuation is, if possible, still,iiiore b;tse, because white Danietcan- not believe there is the slightest foundation for it, he knows that lie may persist in it with impunity, as it is not a thing capable, of refutation. We do not recol- lect in the whole initials of political feuds any instance of such low-bre,i grovelling baseness as that which is manifested in O'Council's- attacks upon Sir R. Peel. Who can have forgotten the painful-the almost tor- turing—sacrifices Sir R. Peel made upon the question of Catholic emancipation? Yet this savage now taunts him—nay, bullies him (behind his back) be- cause he did not pass the measure sooner. In a year or two, we suppose we may expect to hear some woolley-headed black agitator reproaching the Impe- rial Parliament for not having given at an earlier time the £ 20,000,000 that set the slaves of the West India colonies free. A still more impudent falsehood of this bad shameless man relative to Sir R. Peel- though, considering the quarter from which it ema- nates, not so revolting as the other—is his charge that Sir R. Peel would have left the grievances "of the Dissenters, as to marriage, &c., just where he found them. Can he suppose that all the world has for- gotten Sir R. Peel's bill, which rendered the mar- riages of Dissenters valid, if performed before a magistrate ? There must be some reason for all this envy, hatred, and malice against Sir R. Peel. we be- lieve we can tell what that reason is, and, if we are right in our conjecture, the conduct of O'Connell in his slanderous and venomous attacks upon that Right Hon. Baronet, is more unmanly than tongue or pen can describe. Before the registration of that vow of his in heaven, which has made him such a pest on a earth, O'Connell received a hotsile message from Sir It. Peel. He accepted it: they were to meet at Calais, whither Sir R. Peel immediately repaired and waited the arrival of his antagonist. Ile, waited in vain. Daniel's heart failed him. He caine to Lon- don, loitred and lounged about—showed himself in all the most public: places of resort—proclaimed the object of his journey, and of course got himself taken into custody. Daniel never recovered this; and soon afterwards the vow in heaven'' was resorted to as a specific against the recurrence of similar accidents. We leave this little history to the consideration of our readers. And now we have almost done with this perform- ance of Daniel at Edinburgh, which will be found at much greater length than it deserves, elsewhere. We must not forget, however, to notice, that he told the Scots that the Duke of Wellington "hired" this paper. That is a lie he borrowed from some writers in the Whig press. We have told those writers co!- le(-tivelv,re would tell them individually if we knew who they were,—that they lie foully and wantonly when they say that this paper has been bought or hired by any individual, or any number of individuals, or that its course is influenced by ought but our own unbiassed sense of what the public weal demands. We do not tell O'Connell that tie is a liar, because we know what answer he would make us if we did. He would say, "Queen Anne is dead."

MANUFACTURE OF GUNPOWDER. -.0 The following description of the nature and manufacture of gunpowder by an able chemist (Dr Ure,) will no doubt prove interesting to many of the members of both Services. Ihe author says :— This explosive substanc consists of an intimate mixture, in determinate proportions, of saltpetre, charcoal,and sulphur; and is better in proportion, everything else being equal to the quality of their in particular, r ingredients. The nitre, in particular, ought to be perfectly refined by successive crystallizations, and finally freed from adhering water, by proper drying, or by fusion in iron pots at a regulated heat. Nothing can surpass, in these respects, the nitre prepared in the government powder mills at Wal- tham Abbey. It is tested by adding to its solution in distilled water, nitrate ot silver, with which it occasions no perceptible opalescence. The slllphnr ought also to be of the quality, and purified by skimming or even sublimatton, it at all neces sary. The charcoal should be newly made it should burn without having any senslbleresidiiiiiii, be dry, sonoroui, liglit, and easily pulverised. The charcoal for gunpowder is made either of alder, willow, or d() vyood-the latter being preferred which are cut into lengths and ignited by iron cylinders. It deserves notice that the proportion of powder used for the several pieces of ordnance by the Navy, &c. has been reduced one-third, in consequence of the increase strength of the com- position into which this cylinder charcoal enters compared with that manufactured formerly from charcoal made in pits. The wood, beforecharring, is carefully stripped of its bark. The three ingredients b lIIg thus prepared, are ready for manufacturing into gunpowder. They are first "separately ground to a fine powder, which is passed through proper sieves, or bolting machines; and, secondly, they are mixed together in prjoper proportions. These do not seein to be difinitiVely determined, for they different establish- ments of great respectability, as is shown by the f^nu 1 „ —, 'VI.&VY1' .us LaUlC Nitre. Charcoal. Sulphur. Royal Mills at Wa tham Abbey 75 15 li) French, for War 12.5 125 for Sportsmen 78 12 10 for mining 65 ]5 20 Chaptal's proportions 77 J.I. 9 Cliinese 75.7 14.4 9.9 ,Nlr Napier's ditto SO 15 5 Thirdly: The composition is then sent to the gunpowder mill, which consists of two edgestones of a calcareous Yialtire, turning by means of a shaft on a bedstone of the same nature, which give no sparks, as sandstone would be apt to do. On this bedstone the composition is spread, and moistened with as small a quantity of water as will, in con- junction with the revolving stones, bring it into a proper body of .cake, but not of paste. The line of contact of the edgestone is constantly preceded by a scraper, which goes round with the wheel, con- stantly scraping up the cake, and turning it into the track of the stone. From fifty to sixty pounds are usually worked at once in each mill wheel. When the cake has been thoroughly incorporated it is sent to the coming-house, where a separate mill is employed to form the cake into grains or corns. Fourthly: here it ir. first pres- sed into a hard firm mass then broken into small lumps; after which the graining is executed, by placing these lumps in sieves, on each side of which is laid a disc of lignum vitie The sieves are made of parchment kins, perforated with a multitude of round holes. Several such sieves are fixed in a frame, which, by proper machinery, has such a motion given to it. as to make the lignum vitse run- ner in each sieve move round with considerable velocity, so as to break the "lumps of the cake, and force the substances through the sieves, forming grains of several sizes. These granular particles are afterwards separated from the finer dust by pro- per sieves and reel s.-FifthlY the corned powder is next hardened, and the rougher edges taken off by being revolved in a close reel or cask, turning rapidly on its axis. This vessel somewhat resem- bles a barrel churn; it shou'd be only half-full at each operation, and as frequently square bars in- side, parallel to its axis, to aid the polish by at- trition. Sixthly the gunpowder is now dried, which is done generally by a steam-heat, or by transmitting a body of air slightly heated, in another chamber, over canvass shelves covered with the dainpgunpowder.

ing Dan O'Connell, alias the Big Beggarman, breakfasted at Loughborough, on his route to Man- chester. On being shown into the Bull's Head he asked the waiter the name of the newspaper that was taken? The Standard," Sir, was the reply. "Then Tshall not look at it," retorted the Liberator. How- ever, young Maurice had a peep at it.-Leicster IIfTCIlFl,

GLEANINGS. « Du-z.-It is supposed by many that this unpopular word is derived from the French word donnez, which signifies "give me" -iiiipl%,iiig a demand of some- thing due; but the true original owes its birth to one Joe Dun, a famous bailiff, of the town of Lincoln, so extremely active and so dexterous in the management of his ungracious business, that it became a proverb when a man refused to pay his debts, Why don't you Dun him? that is, why don't you send Dun to arrest him ? and this is as old as since the days of King Henry "I I.-British Apollo. IHlSH PRIESTS.—Among the old priests educated in France you sometimes meet a gentleman—a inaii of learning, and of Christian feelings; but among those swarms of unfledged pedants who issue from May- nooth, in whom vou perceive a constant struggle between spiritual pride and aboriginal meatless—with detnure and crafty looks- a scholastic and awkward air-vigorous limbs, disguised in the unaccustomed trammels of glossy black broadcloth-plump and sh ning cheeks, puffed up with the recent luxury of .station, or month's mind dinners, on fastings on fish, which would feed a London Aldcrlllan-sollletinws affecting gentlemanly manners, which makes their g real vulgarity more disgusting—with averted eye, crouching bow, and settled smile, endeavouring to conceal their bigoted ignorance ;-among such men, I say, one would feel an unmixed sentiment of disgust, Li were they not sometimes so ridiculous as to excite laughter.—O' Bcime's Maynooth. LIFE AND DEATH.—The following is given by a Baltimore journal, as an actual conservation over- heard at an hotel in New Orleans, during the preva- lence of cliolerit: I low are you to:day?" Only so so;—bar-keeper, give me a stiffjulep." Do you know that our particular friend, J- kirked the bucket last night? You don't say so. Will you take an anti-fogmatic?" Don't care if I do. Miss R- his also gone by the hoard Tile d -J I was engaged to be married to her. What's thepriec of cottOIl this tioriiiity." CAn; TEMPLES RECENTI/V DISCOVERED IX INDIA. -The late campaigns in India occasioned the dis- covery of a series of cave temples, the existence of which was previously unknown to Europeans or the more intclleetual classe of natives. The pursuit of some refractory Bheels in the direction of Arguan led to the caverns in which these people had taken refuge, which were found to be v,ery splendid excavations, dedicated to the perlorinauee of Buddhistic worship. Many of the interior decorations were composed of paintings in a bold and florid style, the colours being perfectly uninjured by time. The figures represented in these paintings are described to be Persian both in dress and feature, and the female countenances es- pecially are said to possess great beauty. Some of tiie borders of these compartments are of the richest blue, as fresh as when they were first painted on the wiills; and the whole seems to offer an extensive field for the investigaton of the curious.—Asiatic Journal. Dotis.-(From Jesse's Gleanings.)-Some of the canine anecdotes very nearly touch the point where instinct and reason meet. A dog belonging to the Leander frigate was believed by the sailors to under- stand whatever was said, and, it will be seen, hardly without good cause. He was a great favourite with the crew, and of course had been kindly treated. He was lying on the deck one dav when the Captain in passing by said, I shall be sorry to do it, but I must have Neptune shot, as he is getting old and infirm.' Whether there was anything in the tone of voice which frightened the dog, I leave my reader to judge, hut he imme- diately afterwards jumped overboard and swam to a ship which was near the Leander. He was taken 011 bonrd and remained in it till he died. Nothing could ever induce him to return to the Leander. If the dog happened to be on shore, and any of her boats or crew came near the place where he was, he imme- diately made off, and nothing could make him ap- proach his old acquaintances." "There were two friends, one living in London and the other at Guildford. These friends were on terms of great intimacy; and for many years it had been the custom for the London family to pass the Christ- mas at Guildford, and their uniform practice was to arrive to dinner the day before Christmas-day, and to be accompanied by a large spaniel, who was as great a favourite with the visited, as with the visitors. At the end of about seven years after this plan had been adhered to, the two families had an unfortunate mis- understanding, which occasioutid an omissiou of the usual Christmas invitation. About an hour before dinner on the day before Christmas-day, the Guildford gTlltJCTTiJlXI, at lai..a .v,vlcUÐ" ovaIqiimmI to hi3 wife, 4 Well, my dear, the W s have thought better of it, for I declare they are coming as usual, though we did not invite them here comes Ca;sar to announce them and the dog came trotting up to the door and was admitted as usual to the parlour. The lady of the house gave orders to prepare beds, dinner waited ail hour, but no guests arrived. Caesar, after staying the exact number of days he had been accustomed to, set oft' for home, and reached it in safety. The correspondence, which of necessity oc- curred, had the happy effect of renewing the inter- course of the estranged friends, and as long as Cresar lived he paid the annual visit in company with his mistress and master. A gentleman was riding last summer on the turn- pike road, and perceived an object in the middle of it, which on a nearer approach proved to be two large dogs. As they did not move on his coming near, he guided his horse on one side and dismounted to ascer- tain tiie cause of their remaining stationary. He found that one of them had broken his leg, and the other had crept under the limb and placed himself so as to form an easy support to the broken bone of his companion." THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. We were still more surprised with the appearance of our illustrious host on entering the appartment. I he e,e General rose very graciously from between his two friends to receive us, with a little tobacco pipe stuck in his mouth, about four inches in length, which, with all the unaffected simplicity of a second Cincinatus, he was smoking, in order, perchance, to drive away the cares of state, or at least to lighten their weight. Though perfectly aware of tiie unostentatious (''Jar' acter of republican manners, we were somewhat staggered at the sight of so truly humble and un- pretending an instrument between the lips of the political head of the confederation. Had it been an Indian hookah, a Turkish or German pipe, or a r. of pure Havannah in the shape of a cigar, our surprize would have been perhaps but slightly called forth, knowing the tobacco-loving propensities ofthe worthy citizens in general; but its quality and remarkable shortness, united with the person, place and. dlgmty, excited considerably our admiration. The pipe was, however, instantly removed, and placed on the mantel- piece to fume itself out at leisure, while we were politely invited to be seated. There is something imposing in the figure and aspect of the President, who is of lofty stature, and exhibits a forui attenuated to an extreme degree of thinness. His visage is long, covered with wrinkles, expressing a gravity and sedateness almost approaching to melancholy, and bearing the strongest marks ofliard service and wasting care to which the vicissitudes of his active life liave exposed him. In point of personal demeanour, his address is courteous and dignified.—Tudor's Tour. In close reefing the main-topsail, when blowing hard one night on the passage of the Winchelsea to Newfoundland," says and old messmate of Lord Ex- mouth's, "there was much difficulty in clewing up the sail for the purpose of making it quiet, and the captain issued his orders accordingly from the quarter- deck, and sent us aloft. On gaining the topsail-yard, the most active and daring of our party hesitated to go out upon it, as the sail was flapping about violently, making it a service of great danger; a voice was heard amid the roaring of the gale from the extreme end of the yard-arm, calling upon us to exert our- selves to save the sail, which would otherwise be torn to pieces. A man said, 4 Why, that's the captain —now, how the devil did he get there ?' The fact Was, that the instant he had given us orders to go aloft, he laid down his speaking trumpet, and clam- bered like a cat by the rigging, over the backs of the seamen, and before they reached the main-top, he was at the topmast-head, and from thence by the topsail-lifts (a single rope) he reached the situation he was iii.-Oslees Life of Lord Exmouth. GALLANTRY OF A FRENCH NAVAL OFpirFR.-In the action between the Cleopatra and the Nymphe, the first frigate captured in the late war, Capt Muilon, the French commander, after behaving with the greatest gallantry, was killed. A cannon-shot struck him on the back. Even at that dreadful moment he felt the importance of destroying the signals of the station, which he carried in his pocket; but in his dying agony he took his commission out of his pocket in mistake, and expired in the act of devouring it—a trait of devoted heroism never surpassed by any officer of any natioti.-Ibid. PRONUNCIATION OF THE FRENCH LANGUAGE.—It is well known, by the testimony of several old French writers, that the words, Anglois, Francois, j'aimois, j'etois, &c. were formerly pronounced like the sylla- bles moi, toi, &c.; but Henry the Second, successor to Francis the First, having married Catharine de Medicis, in 1533, a number of Italians came with her to the French court. These people, being unable to pronounce the oi, changed it into ai, and it became a fashion among the French courtiers to foHow their example, in order to please the Queen. From them it soon spread, and from the metropolis extended into the provinces, though Boileau, Racine, Molidre, al- ways made use of the ancient method. Voltaire introduced the ai into his writings, but it is not even HOW universal in orthography. THE COW-TREE OF SOlTH AMERICA.—We,had heard of a tree, the juice of which is a nourishing milk It IS called the cow-tree; and we were assured that the negroes of the farm, who drink plentifully of this vegetable milk, consider it as a wholesome aliment. All the miiky juices of plants being acrid, bitter, and, more or less, poisonous, this assertion appeared to tis very extraordinary; but we found by experience, during our stay at Barbula, that the virtues of the palo dc vaca had not been exaggerated. Tilis fine tree rises like the broad-leaved star-apple. Its oblong and pointed leaves, tough and alternate, are marked by lateral ribs, prominent at the lower surface, and P^llel '1 there are some of them ten inches long.— We did not see tlie flower: the fruit is somewhat fleshy, and contains one, or sometimes two nuts. When incisions are made in the trunk of the cow-tree it yields abundance of a glutinous milk, tolerably thick, destitute of all acrimony, and of an agreeahle and balmy smell. It was offered to us in the shell of the tutumo, or calabash tree. We drank considerable quantities of it in the evening before we went to bed, and very early it, the morning, without feeling the least injurious effect. The ropiness of this milk alone renders it a little disagreeable. The negroes and the free people, who work ill the plantations, drink it; dipping into it their bread of maize or cassava. Tiie major-donio of the farm told us that the negroes grow sensibly fatter during the season when the palo dc vaca furnishes them with most milk. Amid the great number of curious phenomena which have presented themselves to me in the course of my travels, I confess there are few which have so powerfully affected my imagination as the aspect of the cow-tree. On the barren flank of a rock grows a tree with coria- ceous and dry leaves; its large woody roots can scarcely penetrate into the stone for several months in the year not a single shower moistens its foliage; its branches appear dead and dried; but when the trunk is pierced there flows from it a sweet nourishing milk. It is at the rising of thesun tli-it this velretable fountain is most abundant. Tlie blacks and natives are then seen hastening from all quarters, furnished with large bowls to receive the milk, which grows yelloVr and thickens at its surface. Some empty their bowls near the tree itself; others carry the juice home to taeir children. We secill to bitioi(I the finiiiy of a shepherd, who distributes the milk of his flock- Humboldt's Personal Narrhlii A LAWYER'S HORSE,—A Cambridge friend of ours once wrote to a lawyer to inquire whether a horse he had advertised for sale would run in a tandem, and received the following answer:—"I won't go the length of saying he is a good Tandem, but I'll war- rant him an excellent Qui Tam horse—quiet to drive as well as ride."—A<?u; Sporting Magazine for Sep- tember. MAHell OF INTELLECT—We can vouch (says the Bristol Mirror) for the authenticity of the following copy of a letter to Mrs. from her late servant: Dear Madam, -I cannot enter into the family of the Hon. without returning you many thanks for your unsteady and dishonorable character. I am truly sorry you have been so unfortunate in your four cooks since I left, and trust the fifth will be as indif- ferent but your cruel and unladylike insinurations could have 110 weight where my real character was so well known. From your grateful friend, ——— P.S.-Farewell- May the turf where thy old reliques rt-st Bear herbs, odoriferous herbs, Oil thy breast; Their heads thyme and sage ai.d pot ma joratn wave, I And fat be the gander that feeds on thy grave, My respects to Miss On the night that Munden was to quit the boards of Drurv Lane Tneatre he was very anxious to make his exit without turning his back to the audience. — After he had delivered his farewell address, lie retro- graded to the wing, and being uncertain as to the right direction, he kept inquiring—" Am I near-am I near f When Liston, who was standing by the wing, made answer,—" Very-no man more so."

popish ARROGANCE. It appears that the Grand Jury of the county of Waterford, had deprived a Popish Priest of his Chap- laincy in a gaol for bad conduct, and the Foreman of the Jury was visited with the following apostolic communication from thePapish Bishop of Waterford. Clonmel, July 28th, 1835. Sir, I never was more astonished than on receiving a document purporting to be a decree of the county Waterford Grand Jury, passed at the last assizes-a <I, !>a slfiuonty in its v^rhitao-f ne a was arrosraut in its conception. Tilis conduct might well become the mild meridian of Elizabeth's reign, but certainly ill accords with the vaunted liberality of modern Jurists. WliRt a box of laymen to usurp the pa- tronage of a Catholic Bishop I can scarcely believe it. But to guard against the possibility of any in- fringement on MY rights. I now tell you, as Fare- man of that said Grand Jury, that no other Priest but the Rev. Mr Prendergast, shall DARE officiate as Chaplain of the County Gaol, and this you may publish from the highest to the lowest places. What right h id the Grand Jury to dispose of MY SUBJECTS in the fulness of their wisdom? and this without a single appeal to the proper authority. The world shall see by the result of this very affair, not only the usurping propensity of that said Jury, but also its impotence iu ecclesiastical affairs. I mean nothing personal in this address, but really I can with diffi- cu-t-y restrain uiy feelings on such a subject, and IN SUCH TIMES AS THESE. I am, Sir, Your obedient servant, f W. ABRAHAM." T h11,11 ^°U ^'tor divine what the Radicals and Liberals of tiie present day would have said and writteii-if one of our Protestant Bishops had been the author of the above piece of impudence ? ALIQUIS."

OCONNELL AND THE DISSENTERS. Extract from a speech of J. C. Colquhoun, Esq. at » Glasgow, on the 17th instant. f It was said by a wise Statesman, that if a body of 30 or 40 desperate men were sent into the House of Commons they would be irresistible: if so, they would become more irresistible when they were marshalled under an energetic leader. You are aware that in addition to the 30 or 40 representatives of the Catholics of Ireland, Mr O'Connell is joined by all those whowis.) the destruction of our institutions; all the representatives ofthat party who would trample on the national faith, and destroy religion itself But there is another body, who must have Joined him reultantly a large body of those calling themselves Dissenters. It will not be imputed to me that I have any disrespect to the Dissenters; they are, well aware of the contrary. I do not attribute to them the slightest wish to participate in the designs of the Roman Catholics. But such is the fact, that as Mr O'Connell has declared that he approves of the volun- tary principle, these persons have enlisted themselves under his banner. I will only remind my Dissenting friends, that he has already said, LET US FIRST SETTLE THE CHURCH, AND THEN WE'LL SOON PUT DOWN, THE DISSENTERS."—Glasgow Courier.

The new Synagogue iu Dtike's-place was on Friday evening re-opened in a most splendid style, and attended by a. numerous congregation, amongst whom were a number of highly respectable Christians. 30 books of the laws of Moses, superbly ornamented with gold and silver, were carried seven times round the pulpit, preceded by 12 boys, strewing flowers in their path; after which Dr. Herschel, the high-priest, offered up a prayer, and the company separated.— Standard. CURRENTS OR THE OCEAN.—\ bottle, con- taiuing the following enclosure, was picked up on Halfmoon-quay, Honduras, on the 23rd of April last —" This bottle was thrown from a boat belonging to His Majesty's surveying vessel, Thunder, at anchor under Serrasilla West, or Large Key, Tuesday, 10th of March, IS34. Whoever finds it will be good enough to publish date, &c. when picked up. Thomas Smith, Assistant Surveyor." THE BOTTLE COMET.—Since the time that the inuch-expecied comet was calculated to make its appearance, there has been quite a comet mania amongst almost all ranks of people in this neighbourhood; it has been seen (or fancied tobe so) in the east, in the west, in the norlh, and in the south, both by night and by day; in the bright sunshine, too But how ? say Roiiie -why, I will inform you many people, and, strange to say, some possessed of learning, science, and intelli gence, aver that they have seen it by reflection in a glass bottle It is true, by holding a bottle op- posite the sun, you may perceive a double reflected image of that glorious body, one of which is re- flected from the outside, and is of a white colour, nearly the same as the sun and the other smaller, and is reflected from the inner surface of the bottle, and is of a yellow colour, being, in my opinion, caused by the composition of the white direct rays of the sun, united with the reflex rays of the green colour ot the glass. This,as I think, resolves this great and wonderful phenomenon of the appear- ance ofa comet at a small distance from the sun, re- presented by the outward reflection of that orb, near the shoulder part of the bottle below the neck this I, as a simp'e man, believe tobe the sole cause of this appearance. Having heard it asserted by some gentlemen, and men of science, that it was not altogether a reflection, and that it could not be accounted for upon the common principlesof optics, I thought proper to hastily draw up the above ob- servations,—Correspondent ofthe Huston Herald, | THE GLOUCESTERSHIRE YEOMANRY- I This fine regiment, consisting of the Gloucester) I IVtbury, Dodington, Stroud, Cirencester, and Wi"' krbourne and Stapleton troops, in number about 501 commanded by the Most Noble the Marquis of W< cester, arrived at Clifton on Satnrday,tlle5thinstallt, for eight days'training and exercise. On Saturday, the regiment marched to the Cathedral, where sermon was preached by the Hon. and Rev. Lord Vr- Somerset. On Friday they were inspected 011 Duru' ham Down by Colonel F.iunce, anil went their evolutions in a manner that would have dolle credit to troops more practised in the cavalry move* nients. The regiment first formed in of squadrons-then dep'oyed into line, and iii-,iret" past in squadrons, rank, and troops. The ground kept by the King's Dragoon Guards and the BednM"' ster Troop of Yeomanry. At the close of the tion, Colonel Faunce addressed the Marquis and we regiment in the following tr-- s "I have derived much g.atilication and plca511 from the inspection which I have made to-dav of thiS, excellent regiment. If I had not witnessed "its I* fortnances I could not have supposed it possible a corpswhoimvehad so little opportunity ofctsselllbliII5 for tlw purpose of practice, could have a degree of pet feet,ion as I see you possess. The | regiment is extremely well mounted, the horses are in good condition, and the appointments of every cription in ad mirable order, and remarkably cleai).- The attention which it is evident has been paid is highly creditable, not only to the Marquis, but to every individual belonging to this excellent eorpS, a shows what may he done by zeal and perseverance 111 a good cause. From the prscnt tranquillity tbat; exists in Bristol, tii(i in the neighbourhood, indeed '10 might say the whole county of Gloucester, it is 1Iot very probable that any call will be made 011 tllC military in aid of the civil power for the prescrVatjo0 of the peace; but if anything should occur recniiru^ I military "assistance beyond the troop of the Ki»Ss Dragoon Guards, stationed at Clifton, I shall gladly avail niyscllbl the services ofthe Gloucester Yeoman^? Cavalry, which I see they are so well able to a (ford, and the call will, Iain confident, be answered with tW alacrity, zeal, and goodwill, whieh I see so J cuous in this excellent corps." I

Lieutenant General Sir Colquhoun Grant left I town on Thursday for his seat in Dorsetshire, accofH' panied by Mr and Mrs Siieridau. Their appeared to interest deeply the feelings of the man1 spectators who witnessed it, the reconciliation of the gallant General to the young couple not being gepe-. rally knowti.Stundard. f Colonel Strother lately sent a challenge to Colonel Benton, which was not accepted, when tb^ lormer publicly denounced Benton as a coward and scoundrel, and announced his intention to shoot bllJ1 at sight. The Cincinnati Whigsays Strother's purPO90 had been communicated to Benton, who, it is sai<'» had prepared himself for the assault. We should therefore, be surprised to learn that one or both 0 them has been killed.-New York Gazette. On Sunday evening, as the Marquis of \VOr'" cester, the Hon. Mr Dutton, C. W. Codrington, Esq., M.P., and George Worral, Esq., were crossing the ferry, at Rownham, Oil leaving the boat, the horses beeaJ110 restiff, through which Captain Codrington was tit rov 11 into the water, and was lost sight of for a few second* On rising, the gallant captain did not appear disco'1' j certed, but again mounted his horse, and we are g':U to learn received no injury. i A marriage took place last week in the neigi" bouring village of Maryhill, the parties in whfC" were both in respectable circumstances. Their frieudS met in the evening to celebrate the occasion at the marriage supper; but their festivity was soon dashed by a cause as sudden as it was distressing. f spoiler came." Tlie happy bridegroom was stnic* with apoplexy—and ere another sun had arisen, th0 union between him and the wife of an hour was di solved for ever.-&ottish Guardian. The depredations committed by the Jihtí fingered gentry at York were very great. Several 0 the band were deprived of their notes, and one gentle* man was eased of a £ 30 note in going to the theatre* On board of the steam-packet wtiich conveyed abou 30 of the London performers to York (together wif' many other passengers) robberies to the amount 0 X 100 and upwards were committed. The eonfed1" rates of the swell mob were well-dressed females, on of whom was detected picking the pockets of one 0 the stewards. TliorajiHi.iinlv two ptirformera now were contemporaries with Garrick in the first DratY lane Theatre, namely Jack Bannister, who first ap* pea red in tragedy, and Byrne, the celebrated Hir" lequin, who is now in his 75th year, active, and ill e cellent health. iNi its. REGG, SOLE SURVIVING SISTER of BURNS.—The admirers of Burns cannot fail to leitril with regret that his sister is now in a state of gre^" affliction and destitution. Her husband was killed bY a fall ffrom his horse, leaving his widow and tvo daughters totally unprovided for, and now in einUlll: stances of distress. These facts are vouched by tlrv minister of the parish of Tranent, near Edinburgh, who also mentions that Mrs. Begg and her daughterS reside in his parish, and are most deserving persons. The following is Mr Green's account of lâf Nocturnal Balloon voyage :— "I ascended from Vauxlmll-gardens, accompanied by Mr Butler, of Woolwich, at a quarter before si* J o'clock on Thursday evening, and a gentle breeze fro1" I the South-west took us in a North-easterly direction crossing the river at Blackfrars-bridge. The of the populace as we passed over the town, bei"? crossing the river at Blackfrars-bridge. The huza3 of the populace as we passed over the town, L%ei"g 11 reflected by that part of the balloon immediately OVCI I our heads, were loud almost to an unpleasant degreei We descended in the parish of Walthamstow, a c cd 0 about a quarter past six, and havin,-aiiiiouti, t Mr Butler, my intention of remaining up all night, 11" was very anxious to re-enter the car and a(-(!oll]Pll"Y me. This I did not deem prudent, for in case of being carried out to sea it would be much more adva' tagi^ms to have his weight in disposable- Having accordingly taken in a fresh supply of Ftlltit I re-ascended, passing over Bishop's-Stortfor • Royston, and Huntingdon. I then met a currei' which took me more to the East, and at a ^iar fe before six on Friday morning I descended in parish of Wimbotsham, near Downham, in Norfo' J Though early, I was soon surrounded by a large cO'1 course of persons, all appearing most anxious to rend me assistance. 1 partook of an excellent breakfast the residence of Mr J. Pike, and as my balloon gained considerable power on account of the s0'' rays having expanded the gas, and evaporated t*1" dew which had collected during the night over whole machine, I once more re-aseendod, in the hoPj of finding either an inland current, or one that enable mo to cross the channel; but perceiving t" I was going rapidly in the direction of the Germ Ocean. I suffered the gas to escape, and cattle safely to anchor within one mile of the- ø and close to the town of Lynn, in Norfolk, 11 half-past 10 a. m. I received numerous filiations, though many persons, I believo, doubt the statement of my having been in the air dun j> the past night. The towns lighted by gas nated the atmosphere for a considerable disttuo over them, and were easily distinguished. 1 several Bengal lights during the night, and frar# shoats which reached me from tlie eart1", doubt A that their appearance must have created mu » astonishment. I remained in the air altogether abot 13 hours, and from the zigzag direction of niv must have travelled about 130 miles. From the Very- trifling loss of power the balloon sustained during 1 whole of this time, I judge that I might have r mained up for at least five days and nights. "Royal Gardens, Vauxhall, Sept. 20." THE CHOLERA AT LEGHORN. — A letter fro It is Leghorn, of the 3rd inst. has the following j scarcely possible to imagine the disasters occasion by the cholera. All commerce and industry is COI. pletely annihilated. The disease is invariably f^J 50 or 60 are carried off daily. Most of the fil,n cjj in easy circumstance have quitted the town, and sU as remain have shut themselves kip in their houses, il in a time of plague. Provisions art, fOr g a consumption of three, and even si* instances, and all communication vfttii ost Of tiinate friends are interrupt; The daily suppheStbO meat, water, and other provisions, are put into windows, and are even raised to the third and stories. Those who take snuff are obliged to depo-^ their money and their snuff-box upon a long plank, will passes into the shop window of the dealer, who in11 diately dips it into vinegar, and returns the s'' by the same conveyance. Tiie eating-houses, col houses, and shops are closed. Foreigners are in of necessaries, or pay for them enormously high. pliysi ians have been carried off, and four have a doned the post of honour to fly from the desolation. An edict from the Duke of Lucc* eludes from his states not only persons from Iusca 0( but expels those who have arrived within six t, the date of his decree. The principality ot has been less scourged by the cholera than was 0|1g The bulletin from the 1st to the 3d contains only death. Since the commencement of the disease Meuton there have been 59 cases and 23 deaths, learn also from Parma that this scourge has attac the French ships on that station. On boa_" re Triton there have been 75 cases, of which 55 mortal, and of those one was a lieutenant. The cr to had been obliged to leave the ship and go on sl¡e 011 Oil a small islet. Several cases had also occurred ullt board the Nestor, but no deaths when the acco left.