The Glamorgan Monmouth and Brecon Gazette and Merthyr Guardian

BEER Silops.-The report of the committee on the sale of beer states that considerable evils have arisen from the present management of beer houses that it appears to the committee that the annual value of the house and premises held by any person applying for a beer license should be the standard of qualification that the justices should draw up schedules tor the parishes of the county, showing the rate, varying from 71. to 151., at which the beer house licenses shall be granted; that an applicant for a license should give a certificate of the amount of rate at which he is rated that he should pro- duce 6 certificate ot good character, signed by six rated inhabitants of the parish that in case of application for the renewal of a beer license, a certificate must be pro- duced as to the peaceable and respectable manner in which the beer house has been conducted in the past year that the penalty against a beer house keeper for a first offnce should vary from 40s. to 101.; that magistrates in petty sessions should haTe the power of suspending licenses, upon second conviction, for n period not exceeding two years; that for a third offence, there be a like ditqualifi- caiion for three years that beer houses should be closed on Sundays until half past twelve 0 clock at noon that the justices should not fix the period for keeping open at night, in town districts, earlier than ten, or later than eleven and in the country districts, earlier than nine, or later than ten. The committee conclude by recommending a revision of the system under which all houses are Ii. censed for the retail of beer and spirituous liquors, and by stating that very serious reasons of justice and public ad- vantage may be adduced in favour of an assimilation of all the regulations as to hours and management to which every description of house licensed to sell beer or spirituous liquoriil by maH hJuld bi subjected,

THE IU:<AitTs-UASjb OR PASSY. n_n (From the HorliaulLura1 Journul for July.) The improvement which has been made in thiy flower in a short time, is equal to that of the dahlia in the same period, and its varieties seem almost as interminable. But a few years ago they were dimi- nutive things, banished from the gardens with as much industry as would he applied to couchgrass, and now we have splendid varieties to the amount of several hundred, brilliant in colour, immense in size, aud beautiful in form. Some of the varieties change so much in character at different seasons, and so much in colour while open, that it is difficult to determine in what state they are best. The variety called Mulabi- lis will, if a large plant and in full flowe.r, exhibit three or four such apparently distinct kinds of flowers that a person unacquainted with it, would take plucked blooms for as many different varieties, and Thomsonii, or as it is called since by many persons, Ajax, of which we give a coloured specimen in the present number, is scarcely, if any, less changeable. The specimen which accompanies the present July lIum- ber was taken from a bloom cut in May, and is so perfect a representation of the original, in the state it then was, that we regret it was not given from blooms we have since seen on the same plant, although it is a fine large flower in all its states and though coarser than any other of the family, is one of the principal varieties in a good collection: as a proof of this it has appeared in every set of blooms shown the pre- sent year at the numerous floricultural meetings in and round London. When we consider that in one collection exhibited at the Horticultural Society, there were a hundred and four distinct varieties, it is amusing to ttirn back to what the flower was a few years ago which may be estimated by a reference to any of the works then published. We are told in the dictionaries of the day, that its pelals are obcor- date, shorter than the calyx, and whitish, or yellow- ish white, in its wild state but longer than the calyx and variegated with yellow and purple in the gar- dens." That truly wild plant has sometimes a few purple streaks, and in a somewhat improved state i> blue or purplish, with or without yellow and white." That "it is a native of Europe and Japan, lfowering from May to September;" and that it varied then with more than two colours, as purple,blue,yellow,and white, improved and enlarged by garden culture. From this state it has been brought to excel almost every description of flower, in the number, distinct- ness, and beauty of its colours and varieties, and every day brings us new, striking, and splenlid ad- ditions. We have seen a bed of these flowers lately, which gave singular {,roof of the ease with which the heart's-ease is propagated: it was a bed of cuttings, merely dibbed in six inches apart, and watered in April last, and there has been scarcely a miss in 200, which are now healthy and strong plants in full bloom. The variety called Ajax is a free grower, and (towers have sir.ce teln produced on the plant, from which our specimen was cut, nearly twice the size of those in the plate now given, and the colours varied by stripes and blotches of darker purple on the upper petals, and creamy yellow stripes in the three lower ones.

LAUNCH OF A STEAM-SllIP. On Saturday, the Monarch, a steam-ship, the largest ever built in this country, W-i; launched from the ship.. building yard of Messrs. Green. Wigraui and Green, at Black wall, in the presence of an immense number of spectators. At an early hour the roads leading to Black- wall presented a gay and animated appearance from the great concourse of people proceeding on foot and in vehicles of every descripiion towards the yard. The scene in the river in front of the yard was no less enlivening a fleet of small craft filled with ladies elegantly attired, gentlemen, naval officers, and mercantile men, entirely covering the surface of the water. The opposite banks were also lined with the farmers and peasantry of Kent, who were content to obtain a distant view of that grandest ot all spectacles, a ship launch. At half past ten o'clock the James Watt steamer, belonging to the Edinburgh Steam Packet Company, took up her station near the yard. She was dressed out with colours of all nations, and her decks were crowded with the ladies and friends of the di- rectors. The King of the Netherlands, William the Fourth, FlY, and several other steamers soon crowded to inconvenience, afterwards anchored off Blarkwall, with their streamers flying. At half-past eleven o'clock, the tide being then at its highest, the ceremony of christening the vessel was performed by Miss M'Kenzie, the daughter of the Chairman of the Company, who named her the Monarch, sending her with many prayers and many hopes onold FatherThames. A loud cheer from the people assem- bled near her stem announced the performance of the ceremony, and all eyes were directed towards the ship with the most iotpnse anxiety. The dog shores which kept her on her bilgewaya were soon removed, and the ship glidtd majestically off the slip into the water, amidst deafening cheers from the assembled multitude. The ship launched most beautifully, and no vessel could have gone off the stocks better. Her first appearance in the water was hailed by the firing of cannon from the James Watt and the adjoining wharfs. The steamer proceeded in the direction of Greenwich, and assisted by a stiff L-retze made so much way that it was apprehended she would have gone ashore before an opportunity was found to check her, but these fears proved groundless, and two other steamers, which, though large in their dimensions, appeared as mere pigmies alongside the Monarch, took her in tow, and safely moored her along- side the creek off the Orchard House, opposite Green- wich, where she will take in her engines, machinery, masts, rigging and stores. The following are some of the dimensions of the Mo- narch, first premising that her stern is embellished with a bust of our most gracious and popular King, alto- gether very well executed and a fair likeness. „ feet. in. Extreme length 206 H Vvidth of deck 37 0 Width outside the paddles 54 4? Length of keel on the tread IG6 0 Length on deck from the stem to the taffrail. 193 0 Deplh in hold I H 0 I he extreme lengih, given above, is within two feet of the largest ship in the British navy she is larger than any of his Majesty's frigates, and longer than our 81 gun ships On the whole the Monarch is not only the largest but the most perfect and splendid spe- cimen of steam ship building ever launched in England. Her keel was only laid down in December last, and she has been finished since April. In three months she will be rtady for sea.

WRECK OF THE LADY OF THE LAKE. 4-b (From the Quebec Gazette of June 3.) We have been furnished by Capt. Grant, of the Lady of the Lake, of Aberdeen, from Belfast, on the 8th of April, with 230 passengers and crew, with the following particulars of the wreck of that vessel On the 11th of May, in lat. 4G. 50. N. and long. 47. 10. NV. at 5 A.M. steering per compass WSW. with a strong wind at N E. we fell in with several pieces of ice at eight A.M. the ice getting closer, I judged it prudent to haul the ship out to the eastward under easy sail to avoid it. While endeavouring to pass between two large pieces, a tongue under water in the ice struck our starboard bow and stove it entirely in. We immediately wore the ship round, expecting to get the leak out of the water, but did not succeed. The ship now filling fast, the mate, with seven or eight of the crew, got into the stern boat; after getting bread, beef, compass, &c., we pulled away to the north.we.st. After getting the long- boat out the passengers crowded into her with such niad desperation that she was twice upset alongside, drowning about eighty of them. I now attempted to save my own life, and succeeded in getting the boat clear of the ship, half full of water, with thirty.three souls in her, without oars, sails, or a mouthful of pro. visions. The last time I saw the brig (the ice coming between her and us), she was sunk up to the tops, and about 30 of the passengers in the main topmast rigging. We then tried to pull afur the other boat, with the bottom boards and thaufts, but got beset with the ice. \e now expected a worse fate than those who were in the vessel, viz. to perish with cold and hunger. Next morning the wind changed to the westward, and we got clear of most of the ice. We then pulled to the I eastward, in the faint hope of some vessel picking us up, and at noon saw a brig lying to under her two top. sails; and at four got on board of her, and found the crew just leaving her, the bring in the same state as our own, sinking. We, however, got some provisions out of her, and there being a boat lying on her decks, I got part of the passengers out of our own boat into it. In the course of the night it came on to blow from the south-west, and the other boat foundered. All that now remain alive (to the best of my belief or knowledge), out of a crew and passengers of 230, is myself, 1 seaman, 2 boys, 9 male passengers, and 2 females, 15 in all. At noon, on the 14th, we fell in with the master and mate of the brig Harvest Home, of Newcastle, the vessel we had previously been on board of; and on the evening of the same day both got on board of a loaded brig bound to St. John's, Newfoundland, after we had been 75 hours in an open boat, half dressed, wet, and frost bitten next morning I with the remain- der of the crew and passengers left the brig, and was kindly received on boaixl the brig Amazon, of Hull, bound to Quebec, where we arrived on the evening ot I-aturday Jasu"

FASHION AND LITERATURE- His Majesty, attended by Sir Herbert Taylor, arrived at the Palace in St.James's about past one o'clock on Wedntsday afiernoon from Windsor. Tile Dukes of Cum- berland, Sussex, and Gloucester paid visits to the King. His Majesty held a Levee at two o'clock. Lord Sal toun, Field Offi.-er in waiting, made a report of the effective state of the three Regiments of Foot Guards.

THE CAMBRIAN QUARTERLY MAGAZINE Hughes. The present number fully sustains the well-merited reputation of this Celtic work. Amongst a variety of articles of interestand value is a contribution of Sir Samuel H. Meyrick, K. H. from the pen of the late Thomas Parker, Esq. on Roman mines in Wales, which we are tempted to transfer to our columns. There is a beauti- ful sonnet to the memory of his mother, by E. Williams, the stonemason. Literature, and antiquity as usual, form prominent features of the contents, and the Clans- man's tale," with the Mabinogi of Taliesin," will equally delight the general reader. TO THE EDITORS OF THE CAMBRIAN AND CALEDONIAN QUARTERLY. Gentlemen,—Looking over some letters a few days ago, I laid my hand on the copy of one, dated Kidwelly, Gtil of August, 1809," which I received, during a short residence in Caermarthenshire, from my friend the late Thomas Parker, Esq., of the Priory, in that town, in consequence of my having desired him to visit those ancient Roman mine-works in the parish of Caeo, termed Gogovan caves. These appear within a very picturesque cove, in the rocks near Pympsaint, now a public-house. The name of Pympsaint, the five saints, is given from a stone lying near the entrance of the cove, in which are as many concave excavations, perhaps to act as basins for washing the ore, hut now said to be the impres- sions of the heads of those holy personages. The L water used in these works was brought from a place called Pwll Ufern, Hell's pool, which is at some con- siderable distance to the west. In consequence of your desire, my dear sir, I venture to commit to paper the general thoughts which occurred to me during my hasty visit to the singular and interesting excavations it Pynpsaint. I ascended the hill from thP Public-liouse on the left hi.ud side of the turnpike road leading from Llandovery, through Pympsaint. to Lampeter, taking the landlord with lIIe as a guide, first directed him to provide a lantern and a sufficient quailiity of candied to explore the underground works. Six or seven village youths, who, the day being Sunday, were at hand, seemed well pleased in the permission to attend us. The face of the mountain, as I approached it, bore the appearance of considerable workings itavilig been carried on, at some remote period, from the number of hillocks of waste, or miner's deads, which covered the surface of the grollnd. and which, being grown over with sod, at the same time that they be- spoke the antiquity of he work, deprived me of the opporlunity of discovering, amongst the refuse, the nature of the mineral sought after and the day for- bade me the assistance of a labourer to open the banks. I was first conducted by my guide to tite great level which opens on the side of the hill to. wards the south or soutli- wesi, and keep a straight line northward. At the tail ot.the level there was a good deal of water to wade through, occasioned by an obstruction at the entrance. wlllch held back the top draiiiage but when I got about twenty yards into the level, the bottom was perfectly dry, and, it having been fair weather for some days, no water percolated through the top, which rendered it not un pleasant to walk in. The level is of considerable width, and of a sufficient height to stand upright with your hat oil but the actual dimensions, the haste of "iy excursion and other circumstallces prevmted my ascertaining, as they also did the run or length of the level, yet I should suppose the latter to he about 200 yards. You cannot but adtnii'e the perfection with which the level has been made- The walls are per- fectly straight, with a slightly arched roof; and, passing through a hard slaty country, and having been well chiseled, it may be likened to a work of excellent masonry. In passing UP the level I observed a strong course of opaque quartz to cross it but, as there was no driving on It is course, I conclude the level was not drove in search of minerals, but to some known object, the quartz being of the same nature as that which was afterwards worked upon. At the north end of the level considerable work- ings have been carried on eastward and westward, forming eavens of great magnitude and heigkkt but these workings having followed the run of the strata of the slaty country, no correct conclusion can be formed, from their present appearance, of the state in which the ancient miners left the work; for they have at times continued failing in from the roof, and make that the bottom now which was formerly at the top and this opinion is somewhat confirmed by the mouth of the cavern, which presented itself in the extreme eastern comer, and appeared to descend much lower than the ground on which I stood,-but the entrance was so low and dirty, and discovering that the landlord had only brought snuffs instead of whole candles,and that a little delay would put us into the dark, I declined my attempt to explore it, though I believe the fact would have turned out that the wr- ings had formerly been considerably lower than the bottom of the level, and have since been filled ap by the mouldering in of the roof, whilst in this lower cavern, from some cause or other, the top has no! equally given way* so that tha w « a.. 1 bottom remains con- sequeiltly deeper, ano Ihe roof lower than in the outward eaverti. plHnj'iiX'would" low I!j" ""V"' 1, .1 ">iuw me, to discover the nature of the mineral sought aftpr u, r t 1 auei> out I could find 110 speck of oie, nor other clue fci» o-nwj.i • • • » .K » &ui(le to a conclusion. In iiisfanr-rt H enn 0re" reast> some person, at no great n ^PP^rs to have made a small trial spnis it- if ,° .a,d opaque quartz which thaie I)rese,.its itself; but it proved barrel), and void of a glimmer of nielsl. or av»>II O>.i « • r sulphur, to raise a miner s Had all my companions possessed lights, or the means by which th«y could reach the mouth of the level, I apprehended I should have found myself de- serted, and speedily left alone, so powerfully did the discovery of the marks of „ pa,ten-ring on the floor of the innermost part of ihu cavern act on the sen.i- bility of Welsh superstition 'No sooner had the youth who made the disco- very mentioned the circumstance, than the buzzing hum which before prevailed was instantly hushed into a solemn silence, and, as no person present could tell when any female had ventured into this subterraneous place, the conclusion seemed to be that the marks were supernatural, and such was the effect of this imagination, that, until we turned back again, and got into the rays of light, the hilarity of the youths was evidenily restrained by the influence of superstition. On quilting the great level, I ascended the higher part »f the hill, to some considerable caverns which appear to have been wrought in the same way upon the breast of the mountain, only without a level, as the underground work I had just quitted. The rock, or country, was of the same hard slaty nature, and the lode on whi,ch I suppose the drivings were made, was of the same unfavourable kind of opaque yellow and brown quartz, in some places extending itself to a breadth of more than five yards but even to this width the old miners did not confine themselves, for they broke the ground considerably on each side, dis, closing- other lodes, or voins, of the like hard and unprofitable quartz." (To becollcluclcd in oui-,ite.rt.)

THE COASTING TRADE, &c.-Thi-s branch of British commerce employs about one-fifth, or thirty thousand mariners out of the hundred and fifty.five thou- sand who are employed in the navigation of our merchant vessels; and the shipping engaged in the coasting trade annually transport merchandise to the amount of nearly ten millions of tons. On the other hand, the trade to the British Transatlantic possessions finds employment for at least forty thousand mariners, and an aggregate of neatly eight hundred thousand tons; namely, about 430,000 tons and 21,000 men are occupied in carrying on the trade between this country and her North Atne- rican colonies, and about '360,000 or 370,000 tons, and 19,000 men, in carrying on that between the mother country and the West Indies, as Well as the latter colonies and North America. MEETING AT THE COMMERCIAL ROOMS, EXETER, ON THE BANK QUESTION—A highly re- spectable meeting of gentlemen connected with the commerce and trading interests of Exeter, was held 011 Wednesday, at the Commercial News Room, S. King- don, Esq., in the Chair, when the following resolutions were read and adop ted That the proposed alterations in the banking system in this country must inevitably tend to a complete mionopoly by the Bank of England, which, in the opinion of this meeting, niu be highly injurious, and also endanger its general interests That the system pursued by the bankers of this city, has been, and still continues to be, highly satisfactory, and well adapted to the wants of this neighbourhood. Western Luminary.

FROM TUESDAY'S LONDON GAZETTe, Commission signed by the Lord Lieutenant of the East Hiding of Yorkshire and Kingston upon Hull. Richard Purchas Strangwayes, Esq. to be Depott Lieutenant. Commission signed by the Lord Lieutenant of Cheshire. The King's Cheshire Yeomanry Cavalry-Thom$o Marshall, Gent. to be Lieutenant, vice Chantler, Ie" signed. ■■■ DECLARATIONS OF INSOLVENCY- Thomas Saville Flude, Mincing lane, wine broken" July 2. ° John Russell Case, Hunter street, Brunswick sqtaret grocer-July 2. BANKRUPTCY ENLARGED. John Kaberry, Leeds, leather cutter. BANKRUPTS to surrender in Basinghall Street. Joseph Strangman, jun. Queen street, Cheapside. et Toniaso Rovedino, Manchester street, lUancbest square, music publisher. Henry Holt, Somerset street, Portnun square, &°° seller. Joseph Alexander Taylor, George street, square, boa-ding house keeper. e William Delamaine, Wells street, St. wine merchant. Ri hard Stephens, Newgate street, -iictualler. ovet Thomas Christmas, New Church street, Lisson grO flour dealer. BANKRUPTS to surrender in the Country. James Moore, Manchester, glass merchant. Samuel Peel, Leeds, plaid manufacturer. er. John Roberts, Llandilo, Carmarthenshire, linen dr'l' DIVIDENDS in BASINGHALL srRFF-T- dro. J.jand W. S. Tonge, Sittingbourne, Kent, l'nen. iuf pers, July 23, at half past 12. T. Baines, Picca^,p« seedsman, July 23, at half past I. T. Woodruffs sey, Essex, cuttle dealer, July 22, at half past 12' if, I. Lewis, Barbican, tallow rhandler, July 25, at 1W* jj, E. Hulkes, Rochester, Kent, miller, July 24, at .f, W. Oaks, Houndftditch. coppersmith, July 24, at 1* j, W. Sadler, Old Bailey, «.ilman, July 27, at jj, Gaiger, Beaminster, Dorsetshire, grocer, July 23, 9ti,er» H. Gardner, Paradise street, Ilotfi, ^hithe, cabinet 0l8„et, July 23, at 1. R. and T. L^Jiard, Crown Finsbury, woollen drapers, July 25, at 1. R. Ha'" tie, West Smithfield, plumber, July 12, at 12. DIVIDENDS in the COUNTRY. ist, T. Hardcastle, Bolton le Moors, Lancashire, che*" r. July 31, at 10, at the Bridge Inn, Bolton le Moors. the Wood, Cheltenham, upholsterer, Oct. 30. at 3, at orfl Fleece Inn, Cheltenham. F. Balkwiil, Plymouth, c j), fictor, Aug. 6, at 11, at the Royal Hotel, PIYII'Otlt st W. Blyth, Birmingham, file manufacturer, July 29, ril 12, at Radenhurst's Royal Hotel, Birmingham* 0t, Meek. late of Knaresborough. Yorkshire, linen merc W. July 27, at 9, at the Crown Inn, Knaresborough* Lees, Newton Moor, Cheshire, cotton spinner, jgto'' at 9, at the Star Inn, Manchester. R. Green, "r hosier, July 24, at 2, at the offices of Messrs. Brittan, Bristol. J. Twemlow, Oldham, La"0" cotton spinner, July 24, at 10, at the Palace Inn. etf, Chester. W. and S. Lane, Manchester, ironl110 July 13, at 9, at the Palace Inn, Manchester. CERTIFICATES-JULY 23. r 1. J. Brunton, Southwick, Durham, thip builder, b01, Brookes, Hereford, hotel keeper. T. Scott, BirJJIØIJt. V* merchant. G. Jiyland, Birmingham, dry?ahei\ Thredder, jun. Barking, Essex, smack owner. W and W. Harris, jun. Liverpool, linen drapers. nt. J. Henrietta street, Covent garden, commission age Bull, Taunton, woollen draper.

HOUSE OF LORDS, JULY 2. Lord SUFFIELD presented a petition from the inha- bitants of Kingston-upon-Hull, praying that their lord- sliips would be pleased to address his Majesty to give directions for negotiations to be opened between the go. vernment of this country and France for the restoration ol Poland to her ancient independency. The Duke of WELLINGTON moved for cetain re- turns connected with the financial state of India, in order tIle better to elucidate the measures now proposed respect- ing that country by his Majesty's government. Air. O Callaghan, 3Ir. Finn, and others from the Commons, brought up several bills. Adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS, JULY 2. Mr. GROTE presented a petition from some of the most ancient, opulent, and substantial mercantile houses trading between London and Oporto, complaining of the great pecuniary and other losses sustained by them, in consequence ot their property, to the amount of one hun- dred thousand pounds sterling, situate on the south side of the Douro being exposed to constant hazard, arising out ot the warfare continued against Portugal for the last ten irjonths. (Hear.) The solvency, if not the very exist- ence of the petitioners, depended on some decided steps being taken by Government. Their property to a great extent was injured by the cannon balls and the burst- ing of shells among their wine magazines. (Hear, hear.) They had been anxious to get their wines shipped to this country, bu: from difficulties and delays interposed by the government of Don Miguel it had been found impraciicable; and they HOW entreated the sym- pathy and support of the house, for the purpose of making some vigorous effort to rescue their property from its present hazardous and ruinous state. They did not in any degree complain of the conduct of his Majesty's govern- ment. but the urgency of this distress still impelled them to seek their assistance in the immediate liberation of their property. The parties had done every thing they could to effect the removal of the difficulties which had opposed the exportation of the wines they had even otfered the payment of double duties to the contending parties, but they were defeated in their efforts. The hon. member commended the petition to the attention and s rious consideration and sympathy of his Majesty's government. Air. HOBINSOX supported the prayer of the petition. Lord PALMHRSTON could assure the house this peiition had Hot escaped the attention of the government, there was some little difficulty in interfering in this matter without appearing to depart from that line of neutrality which the government had determined to pursue at the same time, occasions might arise in which it would be im. perative on the government to interfere in defending British subjects. It was true, that by the treaties between the two countries even in case of war between England and Portugal, the subjects of this realm would have a rig/it to remove their persons and their property without moles- tation, and therefore it did appear to him they were doubly entitled to that facility in time of peHce. (Hear, hear.) THE NATIONAL DEBT. Mr. BUCKINGHAM rose to bring forward his motion for diminishing the national debt by means of annuities. The hon. member adverted to the origin of the national debt and the causes which had led to its in cressj. Until something were done with the national debt the country could never hope to be prosperous and hipPY. At present the funded debt of the country con- flisteu of a variety of stocks varying in value and in the amount of interest. He proposed that a fund should be established terminable at the end of 100 years, so that, it we who were now living, could reap nothing from it. our children's children would be benefited by it. The honourable gentleman proceeded to state the details of the plan which he proposed, but owing to the noise in the. house, his arguments were lost, excepting to those members who happened to sit in the immediate vicinity of the honourable gentleman. By adopting the plan which he had proposed, the country could look for- ward wi h something like certainty to a period being put to that dead weight on the energies of the country-ilie national debt. The hon. gentleman adverted at some length to the system of taxation, and the manner in which it pressed upon the industry of the country. He was convinced that a much larger sum was collected under the head of taxation than the exigencies of the state required, and it was n ) less certain that the poorer classes of society paid far more to the taxes than the higher and more wealthy classes. The hon. gentleman contended that a property and income tax was the fairest that could possi- bly be raised, and maintained that every man who had any stake whatever in the country ought to be taxed in proportion to the value of his property, be it great or small. When the hon member for Worcester (Mr. Robinson) brought forward his motion for the substitution of a property tax, it was opposed by the noble lord (Althorp) on account of its vagueness, and the difficulty which would arise in levying a general tax of that descrip:ion. He (Mr. Buckingham) could not see why a property tax might not be levied in this way, for instance, that a tax of 1 per cent. should he levied on all property to the amount of 1001. per annum, and that a tax of 2 per cent. should be levied on property to the amount of 500). a- year, and so on in a progressive ratio. He considered that there were ample means in the country to meet all the state expenditare, without having resource to the multiplicity of taxes that at present existed, if the higher classes would only consent to put their shoulders to the wheel and practise a little self denial, ir. order to relieve the poorer classes. The chief burden that weighed upon the energies of the country was the debt, and so long as it existed, it was in vain to expect any relief from a re- duction of taxation. The hon. gentleman proposed that a committee should be appointed to ascertain how far it would be practicable to apportion a part of the interest of the debt to the purchase of annuities, in order that the interest might be so far diminished. lie would also pro- pose that the committee should consider the best mode of ascertaining the property of !he country, with a view to a tax being placed upon it. The honourable member concluded by moving that a select committee be appointed to ascertain the practicability of diminishing the national debt by way of annuities. Mr. COBBETT seconded the motion. Lord ALT HO HP said that the hon. member had given good reasons in the conclusion why his motion, instead of being carried, ought not to be so. He must certainly admit that there were several important sugges- tions thrown out in the course of his speech. He thought the suggestion regarding terminable annuities was worthy of consideration. With regard to the proposal of a sink- ing fund, he thought it absurd, and had always been against it. He objected to one part of the proposition of the hon. member tor Sheffield, namely, the increasing the taxation of the country at this moment, whether by the levying a property tax or otherwise. He was sure that the country would be- much surprised and disappointed if in any one shape or other some millions, as the hon. gentleman proposed, of additional taxes should be im- posed upon it. Mr. BUCKINGHAM here said that 5,000.0001. would suffice for the purpose. Lord ALTHORP-Well, I am sure the country would not endure even that addition to their burdens at this moment. To the proposal of an income tax, he was decidedly opposed. There were insuperable objections to it. As to a graduated property tax, again, he conceived it would approach to a measure of confiscation. He would be exceedingly sorry to see government or parlia- ment adopt such a proposal. He thought, indeed, it would be extremely imprudent to hazard the revenue on any kind of direct taxation. After some further conversation between Mr. Cobbett, Mr. D. Harvey, Mr. Hume, Colonel Evans, Mr. Max- well, and Major Beauclerk, The house divided, when tlienumbers appeared- For the motion P. 38 Against it 57 Majority 19 On our re-admission to the gallery, we found Mr. BArRflON on his legs. He complained that parliament had done nothing for relieving the burdens*of the Irish arising from the pressure of tithes. But while they had done nothing to redress the grievances of Ireland, they had passed a bill to coerce her population. The hon. member here read extracts from the late reports of the tithe committees, reeommending, along with the pro- priety of making suitable provision for the Irish clergy, the necessity of a complete extinction of tithes. Tlie Irish people never would, and he would say, they never ought, to be satisfi d until they got completely rid of the whole system of tithes. In recommending the utter and immediate extinction of tithes, he was recommending nothing that was impracticable. The hon. gentleman here went on to contend that the Presbyterians of Ire- land, amounting to 700,000, with seven millions of Ca- tholics and even many of the Episcopalians, were all for the abolition of tithes. This fact was fairly e tablished by the evidence given before the tithe committee by the Rev. H. Montgomery and others. What he proposed to substitute in place of tithes was recommended by a great many of the Protestant clergy of Ireland. He thought it of importance to men- tion this, as it shewed that the measure would bring the Catholics and Protestants into a state of friendship an reconciliation. If the house agreed to his proposals he trusted they would adhere to their resolution, and not undo to-morrow what they bad done to-day. The hon. member concluded by moving resolutions to the following effect- That tithe was the parent of all the evils of Ireland, and that it was a tax on the indus!ry of the country, at the same time it was incumbent on his Majesty's govern- ment to support the Protestant church in Ireland. Mr. LITTLETON said he did not see any good result from The resolutions of the hon. member for Wa- terford. They had already been anticipated in previous acts of legislation. (Hear.) He trusted from the ach already passed, that by November next the country would find the benefit of those acts. He was certainly of opi- that where churches were not, there ou^ht to be no tithe. (Cheers.) It was one of the difficulties with which the legislature had to contend in Ireland. (Hear, hear.) He however thought that this subject had been most amply discussed in the passing of the Reform Bill. There could be but one opinion on the subject, and it was, that without the 10-operation of the landlords, all legislation would prove abortive. (Cheers.) If they but did their duty towards their country and themselves, tranquillity would follow. (Hear, hear, and Cheers.) Mr. STANLEY thought that the time of the house was occupied in discussing a subject that had already received their most ample con-ideraion. With regard to the bills alluded to, he hoped that the house would agree with him in opinion that the legislative acts alluded to were framed to meet the evils of the tithe system. The right honourable Secretary then went into a detail of the principle of his bills, which are already before the public. Tithes, he admitted, were obnoxious. But all the evils of Ireland were not to be attributed to the Proiestatit cler- gyman who sought the recovery of his tithes. If the land- lords of Ireland did their duty this question could be easily settled. An Hon. MEMBER—The Irish landlords ? Yes (said the right hon. gentleman). I say the Irish landlords. Do they not let their land if free of tithe or not—does not the bnd bar a tithe rent ? (Hear, hear.) Then f do repeat that the landlords of Ireland, if they were conscientious patriols (hear, hear), by yielding something of their time and income, would secure that which they have not—that was their rents. (Cheers.) He (the hon. member) entertained the strongest opinion on the question, and therefore felt it his duty to move the previous question. Mr. O UUiSWhLL said that it was with regret he observed the continued hostility of the right honourable gentleman towards Ireland. While Secretary for Ireland he made a most miserable figure. (Hear, hear.) His mis- management exceeded all previous secretaries. He could not conceive what right the light hon. member had to take such a prominent part in thia discussion. The right hon. gentleman presided over the colonies, and he hoped that England did not think that Ireland was a province. The right hon. gentleman had 800.000 negroes to take care ot, and he thought those ought to give, the right hon. gentleman sufficient employment. (Cheers, and laughter.) The real question before the house was, whether Ireland should contribute to the support of a church from which she received no service. (Hear.) It was promised by the right honourable gentleman that therc- should be such a reform in the church, as would secure the peace and tranquillity of Ireland. But he would ask the house, has there been anything done for Ireland ? The existence of such an establishment in Ireland was an insult to the people. Lird ALTHORl* thought the attack made upon hi right hon. friend by the lion, and learned member for Dublin was most unfair. He was sorry to perceive that the same animus existed with the hon. and learned member towards his right bon. friend as did when he was Secretary for Ireland. The speech of the hon. and learned member wanted everything except that for which was Secretary for Ireland. The speech of the hon. and learned member wanted everything except that for which it was particularly characterized—talent, and he almost might say that iL was a libel on his Majesty's govern- ment. He could assure the house that in int, oducin" the Irish measure it was never the intention of his Ma- jesty's government to destroy the church in that coun. try. (Hear, heir.) With regard to the observations of the hon. and learned member as to the interference of his right hon. friend with the affairs of Ireland, he, as one of his Majesty's government, should be happy of always having the benefit of his advice and opinion upon all political subjects. (Cheers and hear.) Mr. SHAW said that he never understood the right hon. gentleman (Mr. Stanley) to say that a new measure was to be brought in by government for the abolition of liiltes. With respect to the argument used by the hon. and learned gentleman (Mr. 0 Counell) in favour of reducing the number of incumbents, he would observe that if the principle now suggested had been acted upon heretofore, the result would have been that there would be less churches in Ireland by 600 than were at present in that country, ¿¡nd the consequence would be that the blessings of the Protestant rei igioll woul not have been spread through Ireland. (Laughter.) Why those who felt as he did con- sidered the Protestant religion as a blessing—those who felt as the hon. and learned gentleman (Mr. O'Connell) did, would of course think this religion a curse. (,Mr. O'Connell, No, no ) He contended that the Catholics would have continued to pay tithes, as they had hereto. fore done most cheerfully, had it not been for the exer- tions made by certain parties interested in keeping the country in a state of agitation. ( Hear.) After a few words from Mr. WALKER, Mr. BARRON in reply said, that he could not under- stand upon what principle ministers had determined to vote against his resolutions, seeing that they only embo- died the frequently declared opinions of the ministers themselves. (Hear.) He brought these resolutions with no object but to produce peace and quiet in Ireland. From the manner in which the house had voted on the Irish Church Bill, he did not think he would gain much on dividing the house, he would therefore withdraw his morion. morion. Motion withdrawn accordingly. NEW HOUSE OF COMMONS. Mr. HUME in moving the resolution of the committee on the subject of erecting a new House of Commons, said that the public business could never be properly performed until the bar was got rid of. (Cries of Bar, bar.) He said until the bar was got rid of, and also that place behind the chair. It was necessary that every member of the house should be within the view of the chair to have any thing like order preserved. On for- mer occasions, when the house consisted only of 558 members, the want of accommodation was greatly com- plained of; and if at that time the house was found to be inconvenient, what must it not be now, when since the union with Ireland 100 members were added ? Every one knew the danger to our health of breathing such an at- mophere as that of the present House. The hon. member concluded by moving a resolution, That the present House of Commons does not afford sufficientaccommodalion for its members, and that it is necessary to have a new one erected, and that an humble address be presented to his Majesty praying that lie will be graciously pleased to order the erecting of a new House of Commons, and assuring him that the means of doing so will be supplied by this house. Should the resolution be carried, he would, on a subsequent occasion, move that 30,0001. should be granted tor the purpose of the building. Colonel DA VIES seconded the motion. After a few words from Sir M. W. Ridley, Lord Alihorp, Sir R. Peel, Mr. Warburton, Mr. Tracey, stnd another Hon. Member, the house divided, when ADoeared— For the motion 70 Against it 154 Majority 84 The house adjourned at a quarter past two. HOUSE OF LORDS, JULY 3. The Duke of RICHMOND moved the order of the day for going into committee on the Agricultural Labour- ers Bill. Lord WYNFORD wished that the bill should be postponed to Thursday, as there were some clauses that required much consideration. The Duke of CUMBERLAND said that it was by mere accident, having come to town that day, that he had heard this bill was to be brought on. He fully believed that Thursday was the day fixed for taking the committee on the bill. The Duke of RICHMOND said that he could not account for what any noble lords understood. He could only say, that he gave no reason to think that any post- ponement would take place, and he bhould feel it his duty to oppose further delay. The house then went into committee on the bill. The first cbuse was agreed to. Oil the second clause being read, Lord WYNFORD proposed to exempt from the labour rate under this bill, all tithe owners, house owners, shop owners and warehousemen. These four classes did not employ any labourers of the description provided for in 'he bill, and he thought it would be unjust to subject them to this rate. The Duke of RICHMOND objected to the amend- ment. This amendment had already been rejected in the committee, and it was too much for the noble and teamed lord to bring it forward a second time. The principle of this bill had been tried in several counties, and had fully succeeded. The Earl of FALMOUTH supported the amendment. A rtiui.i.^ .han mnlr nlace. when there appeared For the amendment—contents 12 Non contents ••• ••• 24 Maioritv against the amendment —12 The clause as originally framed was then agreed to. The other clauses were also agreed to, and the chair. man having brought up the report, it was ordered to be received to-morrow (Friday), and their lordships were 0 ordered to be summoned. HOUSE OF COMMONS, JULY 3. Colonel EVANS rose to present a petition signed by 100 inhabitants, residing in the Strand, complaining of the decay of trade, and the general distress of the com. munity. The prayer of the petition was, that the house would be pleased to relieve them from some portion of the heavy taxes under which they laboured. Ordered to lie on the table. Mr. M. ATTWOOD presented a petition from the Northern Political Union, praying that the house would take into consideration the state of the country, with a view to relieve the lamentable distress of all classes of the people. The petitioners prayed for universal suffrage and annual parliaments. He did not concur with the petitioneli in thinking these extreme measures necessary. He was sure that if the government would take measures to make the people comfortable no further reform would b3 nuccssary. He would never advocate rash changes ot the nature recommended by this petition but if l'le house did not take some steps'to restore til-' people to the condition of •' Merry England," the anxiety of the people for reform would go on increasing. He also pre- sented another petition from Dudley against the house and window taxes. Sir ROBERT PEEL had an observation to make respecting this petition. As sinecures were compbined of in it, and as he had no doubt that the complaint arose from a real belief that a great deal of the public money was wasted in sinecure offices, he hoped the honourable member who brought those complaints before the house would move for a return of the number of officers under the crown by which the duty was performed by deputy, and which were hot regulated bylaw, after the termina- tion of existing interests. As the honourable member for Birmingham was of opinion that that would make the people happy and comfortable, he (Sir R. Peel) would be glad to see him bring in a short bill for the purpose. (Hear, and a laugh.) Mr. O'DWVER could not see anything in the re- marks of the hon. member for Birmingham that called for the facetious observation of the right hon. member.tor Tam worth. Mr. SPRING RICR wished that gentlemen would inform themselves about sinecures before they talked about them. He denied that there was a single sinecure unregulated by law. If there were one, he challenged the right hon. member for Tamworth to name it. Sir R. PEEL denied that he meant to impute any desire, on the part of his Majesty's ministers, to per- petuate sinceures. On the contrary, he wished, by obtaining a parliamentary return of those existing, to show that the complaiuts of the petitioners were un- founded. THE BANK CHARTER ACTS. III reply t,)aqtzes,ion by N,tr. LIERittES, Lord ALTHORP said that he certainly did attach great importance to that part of the measure which related to- the establishment of joint stock banking companies; but finding that there was a strong opposition to that part of the measure, he proposed to postpone it altogether during the present session. (Hear, hear.) He felt no he- sitation in stating that the only reason he had for post- poning that part of the plan was that he felt he should be unable to carry it. (Hear, hear, anil laughter.) Mr. ilERRIES congratulated the country bankers on the concession which the noble lord had just made. He suggested to the noble lord the propriety of his giving up the principle he introduced of making the notes of the Bank of England a legal tender. The noble lord had himself stated that it did not form any part of the bargain with the Bink. In answer to a question from Sir JOlIN WROTTESLEY. Lord A lTJlOHP said that it was his intention to give to the Bank of England the privilege of extending their own paper within (i5 miles- of the metropolis. The house then went into committee on the Bank Charter Acts. On the question that the 4th resolution be agreed to, Mr. CLAY snid that the noble lord having been over matched in his bargain with the Bank, it was the duty of the House of Commons to step in to his aid and strengthen him by an unanimous vote to the effect that the Bank ought not to be allowed to take advantage of the proposition of the noble lord. (Hear.) The Bank Di. rectors had admitted that the question resolved itself into this proposition could the business transacted ty the Bank of England be performed equally as well Ly ai-y other body ? He contended that it could, and wa, pre- pared to prove the fact. The net amount of the money which the Bank of England had to trade upon was 16,000,0001. the interest on which sum amounted to 467,8751., and yet the Bank had the assurance to say that they only made 147,0001. being the amount of interest at one per cent. The next item which he came to was the rent paid for the Bank of England, which amounted to 35,3001. He contended this was an enormous sum, and considered that 13,0001. a year would be amply sufficient. They also charged no less a sum than 40,0001 a year for their losses arising from forgeries. Now, what was the fact ? Why, during the last year they lost only 18,0001. by forgeries. lie was satisfied the committee, on inquiry, would not hesitate a moment in concurring in the view of ihe subject he was now taking. Does the Bank dare to say that they would refuse to pay the pensions to the poor men who had enabled them to make their irnmense profits ? The Bank derived in the shape of absolute pro- fit from its connexion with the govertitnant, no le s than 225,0001. and for this enormous sum it was (,nl) proposed by Ihe noble lord to deduct the paltry sum ot 120,0001. If the bargain proposed by the noble lord be carried into effect, it will enable the Bank to con- tinue their dividend of eight per cent., and consequently keep up the saleable price of their stock at 230 per cent. The hon. member concluded by moving as an amendment, that the allowances now secured by law for the services of the Bank be discontinued, and that th03e services be performed gratuitously. Lord ALTHORP said the house was now culled upon to exercise its own judgment as to the advantages or dis- advantages of the bargain proposed to be made with the Bank. The hon. gentleman he believed was misin- forme when he supposed that the corporation couid cease in the manner to which he referred; it was a per- petual corporation in terms of its own regulations. J1'1 regard to tha amount of forgeries to which the hon. gentle- man had alluded, he must say that it was unfair to take averages often years, because such larg^ forgeries as were occasionally committed by one individual-that of aun eroy, for instance, gave an incorrect idea of t e averages of forgeries. It was true, as stated by the hon. member, that the Bank had made enormous profi i but then must be recollected that those profits were niade U"?g ''e Restriction Act; and it certainly was a maUfcr for thankfulness that they had not made larger prohts- Ila ley not used the great power they then possessed with singular moderation, they might have made im- measurably greater profits than they did. In all his con- ver-ations with the Bank lie had distinctly told the nee ors t "he acted on hisi own responsibility °n and he had the satisfaction of thinking that the hou-e disposal Pr°P0Sal he had made complelely at their own Mr. M. ATTWOOD, after making several observa- tions respecting the peculiar privileges of the Bank, con- c u f y moving as an amendment to that of ti'e .,on' member for the Tower Hamlets, that a Select Committee be ppomled to inquire what compensation the Bank was entitled to for managing the public business, and what compensation, on the other hand, the public had a right to receive tor the great and ex,lusive privileges it was now proposed to confer on the Bank. Mr. CLA Y would withdraw his amendment in favour ofthat of"'J1? '>on. member for Whitehaven.. t Lord ALTHORP said, that what had been committed to a committee of the whole house, could not be dis- posed of by a Select Committee Mr. POULETT THOMSON said that the object of the honourable member for Whitehaven was, that the house should resolve itself into a committee to review the bargain which his noble friend had made with the Bank of England. He would submit to the house whether such a review could be attended with any beneficial effects? If his n°ble friend had rejected every negotiation with the Bank of Lngland, in what state would the country bt; placed ? or if the Bank of England had chosen to re- fuse the terms of government, to what state would the government be reduced ? After some further conversation between Sir Henry Parnel, Mr. Grote, Mr. M. Attwood, Mr. P. Thomson, Mr. Lyall, Mr. Clay, bord J. Russell,|Mr. Wason, and Col.Torrens. The committee divided, when there appeared- For the amendment 88 Against it 176 Majority for ministers 88 The 4th and 7th resolutions were then agreed to. The house then resumed, and the report was ordered to be received to morrow (Friday).-Adjourned.