The Principality

WILL OF THE LATE SIR- ROBERT PEEL. (From the Times)-, The will of the late Right Hon. Sir Robert Peel has been praved-' at Doctors' Commons by the three executors, namely, Colonel Peel, the Right Hon. Mr. Goulburn (Member for Cam- bridge University), and the Right Hon. Sir J. Ilobhouse. The will is dated March 8, 1842, and extands over upwards of 50 sheets of brief paper. He bequeaths to each of hia executors a legacy of £ >1,000, and, also a legacy of 4. 3,000 to Lady Peel, to be paid immediately after his" decease. He also bequeathed to her her jewels and-ornaments, as also such articles of furniture, plate, carriages, horses, &e. in his residence at Whitehall as she may choose to select and for her to occupy such residence during her life. In default of-her doing so he directs the house to be let, and the rent to be produced thereby to be paid, to,her. After her death he directs the house to go to his eldest son, the present Sir Robert Peel. His pictures at Drayton he directs his trustees to hold in trust for the person-who would, for the time being, be entitled to the possession-or receipts of the rents and; ,pralits of his house at Dfayton all his books, prints, furniture, and household stores, fanning stock, &e., he bequeaths to the present baronet. Upon Miss Eliza Peel attaining the age of 25 years, he directs a sum of £25;OüU stock to be invested for her benefit, the dividends thereon to be paid to her during her life, and on her death to be divided amongst her issue (if any), in the usual manner. The late Sir Robert Peel provided for future daughters in a similar way. All his personal property he bequeaths to his executors, in trust to realize the same, and first1 to pay his debts, funeral and testamentary expenses, and the legacies given by his will, or any codicils, and to invest the residue for the benefit of a 1 his present and future sons who should attain the age of twenty-five years, except the son who should for the time being be heir male of his body, subject to a provision for bringing into horchput certain estates situate at Sutton Coldfield and HamroninAfden; if no son (other than the eldest of heir male) should attain twenty-five years, and either survive him or dre in his lifetime leaving issue living, the residue he directs to be in trust for the eldest son or heir male, I-Ie drects his trustees to raise annual sums for every daughter who should not have attained twenty-five years, or married; and from eighteen to twenty-five years he directs an allowance to be made to each of them, urid the balance to be paid to Lady Peel for their maintenance and education. The testator refers to his marriage settlement, and appoints a sum of £ 1,000 thereby settled. lie then. devises certain freeiiold estates in Sutton Cold- field and the manorof Hampton-in-Arden, and all other here- ditaments belonging to him at the time of his death in Arden, to his son Mr. Frederick Peel; if he dies under the age of twenty- five, or after that age, in testator's lifetime, without leaving issue' living at Sir Robert Peel's death, the same to go to his son William Peel, and so on in similar events to other sons, with a proviso that whoever took such estates should bring the value of the same into his share of the residuary estate and in case no sons or the issue of. any should become entitled to the estates, the same to"go to his eldest son; if he dies under twenty-five years of age, or having attained that age in the testator's life, without leaving^any issue at his death, the estates to go to his eldest daughter for her life, then to her sons and daughters equally, failing such issue to his next daughter for her life, then her issue, and failing such isstfe to the same uses in favour of after-born daughters and their children successively. If Mr. Frederick Peel or any other son shouM become heir male or male apparent, before the last*mentioned estates should vest' him, in himj theestates are to go to the person nextentitld,as if he had died'under twenty-five. He then devises his estate in the Isle of Thanet, and e-dtateat C-,umberford, instaffi)rdshireito his trustees for sale, and the produce thereof' to form part of his residuary estate." The will contains the usual pdwbr to grant leases until- the estates devised Yett. While his sons-are under twenty-five, the trustees are directed to receive the income andaccumulate the same with a proviso against accumulations for more than twenty- one years. A-.small property, called Cawnes Plat, he devices to' the uses as concerns the holding-of the tnanor of Drayton Bassett. All his other real estates he devises to his eldest son, the present Sir Robert Peel, for his life then to the use of his sons succes- sively, and, failing such issue, to his next son in a similar manner. and then to other sons anddaughters in like, inannerand failing- all such issue to the present Sir R; Peel and other sons anddaughters .successively,^and favlingall such issue, to the Same uses as are; de- clared concerning his estate at Drayton Bassett, and that any person who should become tenant in tail-Who was born in the late Sir Robert Peel's life time to take the estate for life only., and then to his sons in tail male. and while such tenents are under tweiity- one the trustees are empowered to receive rents, &c., and make advances for maintenance, &eV, and to accumulate the residue of inebme.. Powers to tenants for life, -and to his trustees during their minority to grant leases &e., and to sell and exchange estates and lay out the proddeeiii the purchase of other lands, and the income ;to be paid to the person who would -have taken the rents of the es- tate. The will contaiflfr the usual provision for the appointment of new trustees to his will, and the mode of appointment and in- demnification and protection to the trustees in the usual manner, aud power for maintenance and advancement in life ot children. By a codicil dated the 14th day of June 1842, the late right hoo. baronet bequeaths legacies to two of hit stewards, aDd to i ome of his stewards, if in his service at the time of his death, a year's salary each; to other stewards and to each of his servants and labourers in his employment at the time of his death the follow- ing legacies,-to each of his stewards (other than as aforesaid' if they have been in his service ten years, one year's salary,-if less half a year's salary: to his head gardener und each of his other domestic servants who shall have been in his service ten years one year's wages; if a less period, half a year's wages. To each under-gardener, farm labourer, and other out-door ser- vants who shall at the time of his death have been'in his employ- ment regularly fot tdn years, £101; if a less period £5 only. All such legacies to be paid within three months after his decease. He also bequeaths to his executors E200 for the poor of the parish of Talnworth (excepting the townships of Fazeby, Bouchell, and Wilnecote), E 150 for the poor in; the last named exempted town- ships'; £ 100. for the same class in the parish of Draytbn Btissett,- MOO, for ditto-iir the parish of Kingsbury, £ 50', for the same in the parish of Hamptou-in-Arden, JE50, for ditto in the town- p ship of Oswaldwistle. Lancaster, jC 100, for the same or any other detached estates belonging to him and not situate in the places before named, or who may be or have been employed thereon, or resident in the neighbourhood, such'respective iumij to be applied doting the first or first and second winter after his decease, free of legacy duty., By a further codicil, executed in 1844, the testator directs an Estate at Baughley to be sold; and the produce thereof to form part of the residuary estate. And by a further codicil, executed on the 24th of March 1849, which relates solely to his literary possessions, he bequeaths all his manuscripts and correspondence, which he states he presumes to be of great value, as showing the character of great men of his age, unto Lord Mahon and Mr. Cardwell, with the fullest powers to destroy such as they think fit; and he directs that his corres- pondence with her Majesty and her consort and, himself shall not be published during their lives without their express consent first had and obtained, for them (the trustees) to make arrangéinentlf for the safe custody and for the publication of such of them as they may think fit, and to give all orany of them to public Institutions and the codicil contains general directions 'for the custody of such as shall not be disposed of in such manner. Bequeaths to Lord Mahon and Mr. Cardwell £ -1,000 upon trust, to invest and to apply the income, and the principal if required, in the execution of his wishes for carrying them out. The trust is expressly limicetl against perpetuities. The codicil also contains the usual powers for the indemnity of trustees, and also for their new appoint- ment. Sir Robert Peel also bequeaths to each of Lard Mahon and Mr. Cardwell a legacy as a recompense for their trouble and pains in such matters. The Probate duty that has been paid to government is £ 6,000.

WESTERN CIRCUIT.—BMSTOL, AUGUST 17. Before Mr. Justice Coleridge. EVANS v. LUNRU, AND OTHER?. COLLISION IN THE CHANNEL.—SPECIAL JURY.—Mr. Butt, said the plaintiff, Mr. Evans, resided at Neath, and was the owner of a schooner called the Liverpool Packet, which had traded for some years between the Ports of Neath and Bristol. The defendants were the proprietors'of a number of steam-boats, and among them of one called the Rose, which plied between Bristol and Waterford, and which in January last was commanded by a captain named Burgess. On thfe 16th of that month, the schooner having at Neath taken in a cargo of wool, junk, sacks, and other goods, set sail for Bristol, cofrimanded by a person named Westlake, an experienced person, who had been for many years her captain, and was well acquainted with the navigation. The schooner lay to under Sully Island to wait for tide, and at half-past two a.m. pursued her course, the weather at the time being cloudy and dark. About halif-past four she passed the light-ship which marked the Welsh and English grounds, and about 2IY minutes after the steamer Rose passed her, going down channel, and so close to- her that the schooner was obliged to make a short tack to give her room. About half-past five the schooner was close hauled on the lar- board tack, nearly opposite Walton Bay. At this time her captain observed"a light from" a mast at some distance, which induced him to put a lanthern in his larboard forerigging, where it remained till the collision, which took place in about half-an-hour afterwards. The schooner kept on her course up channel, when the steamer, which had been playing about Waiting for tide, was suddenly* seen about a cable length off on the larboard side, coming towards the schooner. The sèhooner's helm was put aport, and a Neath Pilot and a Pill pilot who were on board hailed the steamer loudly, and called out to her to back. No one was seen on board of her looking out, and, instead of backihg she came directly upon the schooner, her cut- I water cutting her nearly down to the water's edge, and driving her towards the shore near the. Old Fort. The schooner's bowsprit, bow, and jibstay were carried" away, and the col- lision was so violent that her crew, fearing she would go down, jumped on board the steamer, where they sa* no one on the paddle-boxes or forecastle. The s team-vessel was then pursuing her way, when the crew of the schooner, thinking their vessel in danger of foundering, called to the steamboat to tow them into shallow water, and she towed them to the swash. By the collision damage was caused to the extent of JEI63 or £170 besides which the vessel had to be laid up, whereby the plaintiff was deprived of her services and the profits w'hich she yielded; To recover compensation for these respective injuries the present action-was brought. Several witnesses were examined on the part of the plaintffs after which- Mr. Greenwood addressed the jury for the defendants; who, be said, had defended the action because they believed- the charge made against them to have been' aft unjust one, the disaster hav- ing been caused entirely by the neglect of the parties on board of the schooner. He would lay before the jury a simple narrative of what the real facts of the case were. On the 15th of January, the Rose left Waterford, and made such good way towards Bristol as to get considerably a-head of her time; that was, she had time to spare before she would; have light to go up the river. She got as near as she could conveniently go by about six o'clock, a. m., but for three hours previously she had been steam- ing very slow, making ortly four or five revolutions of the wheel per minute, instead aft her ordinary number, which was twenty- two or twenty-three revolutions. She proceeded up the river with her head to the eastward, till she got to a place where it was convenient to turn. She then went in as near shore as she could, to get into slack water, and when off Portshead Point, threw her head to the northward, and turned round so as to steer slowly westward to pass away the time till daylight. The com^ mander, Captain Burgess, had been till this time on deck, but having given his orders, and seen the vessel fair by the land, he W6nt below, leaving the mate in charge. Portshead was a boldish shore, there was deep water nearly all the way, and; a vessel could go in close. The Rose went slowly westward, she had her lights up, and had on deck, a man at the helm; a man at the starboard bow, and a man near the larboard bow- on the" bridge, so that s good look-out was kept. Between Portshead and the Hotel, the land lay nearly east and west, and the point y projected, so that a vessel sailing in-shore would shut out the ship light, and he would satisfy them'that the Itoie did shut out the light. While close in shore and paddling slowly along, jilst fast enough to keep command of the vessel, an alarm was given —"Vessel on the starboard bow." It was reported by two persons, one on the starboard bow and one on the bridge, and shortly afterwards by a third on the larboard bow. The man on the starboard bo srimfnediately called to the engineer "stop her —reverse," and it was instantly done. The schooner was then near them; and it was" not till she was close under the steamer's bow that they saw any light. A light was then handed up, and then a crash followed. When the vessels came into collision the schooner "ported" her helm, and both vessels were forced in towards the shore so close, indeed, was the Rose forced in that she struck twice, and her commander called to the captain of the achooAer to take down his mainsail (the wind was setting on shore at thii time)» or they would be both on shore. The engines were then reversed and the steamer backed, and as soon as she could make out the schooner, which she did-by a small twinkling light, she ran up to her and rendered her all possible assistance. Several witnesses having been examined1 in support of this statement, Mr. Butt replied, the learned Judge summed up, and^the jhry returned a verdict for the plaintiff — Damages

THE LOMn- VACATION.—The long vacation has just com- menced, and will continue to the 24th of October, so far at law proceedings are concerned; in the superior courts. Person- served with writs of sumfnons must paywithin a few days of the termination of the vacation; or they will have to pay some additional pounds for a "declaration. There is no vacation in the County Courts, and on the 1st of October the new act will come into operation, when a creditor will have the option" of bringing his action for a small sum to £50, or incur great expense in the superior courts. Attorneys and barristers will, under the new act, be entitled to a higher scale of fees than they at present enJoy"

TAFF VALE RAILWAY. The half-yearly meeting of this company was held on Friday, at the White Lion Hotel, Bristol; Walter Coffin, Esc., chairman of the board of directors, presiding. The usual preliminaries having been disposed of, The Secretary, E. Kenway, Esq., read the report of the directors, as follows In presenting the annual hrlf-yearly report, the directors have mtjJch satisfaction iii being enabled' tto congratulate the proprietors on the state of their undertaking. The balance of account allows your directors to recommend a dividend of f4 for the half-year on each original old share and a dividend in the same proportion on the quarter and ten pound shares. They also recommend that the iufn. of E-11,5060 be carried to the credit of the depreciation fahd, being E750 for the last hitlf-year,, as well as a similar sum for, the preceding half-year, which latter, for the reasons then stated, was omitted. The directors have pleasure in announcing that the strike of the Aberdare colliers, alluded to in the last report, has been brought to a termination;, and it is hoped that permanent satisfactory relations are established between the masters and the men. It is also gratifying to observe that the passengers* receipts have returned to nearly their previous standard thus showing that the two causes of depression alluded to in the last report, were, as the directers then hoped, but temporary. On the 18th of June the South Wales Railway was opened from Chepstow to Swansea an undertaking which will pro- duce great advantage to the whole of South Wales, and will prove a source of increased traffic to your line. The Dowlais branch, connecting the town and works of Dowlais with the Taff Vale Railway, for which an Act of Parliament has been obtained by the Dowlais Iron Company, is in course of active formation, and will probably be completed within a few months. Messrs. Walter Gofiin, Henry Itudhall, and Richard Jones, are the three retiring directors, but are eligible for re- election." The Chairman then put to the meeting the resolutions adopting the report and declaring the dividend recommended, which was adopted without discussion, and was about to pro- pose the re-election of the retiring directors, wlien Mr. C. E. Bernard said he regretted that their deputy chair- man, Mr. Bayly, was not in his place, as, had he been present, he should have put it to him of course without meaning personally the slightest disrespect to him-hut he should have put it to him whether, holding as he did the office of chairman of the Monmouthshire Canal and Railway Company, he fcit that he ought to retain his seat at the Taff Vale board whether, in fact, it would not be more satisfactory to his own feelings for him to relinquish the latter appointment. The interests of the companies were to some extent opposed to ,each other, and questions of rivalry might arise between them. and Mr. Bayly, under such' circumstances, would, as a director of the T;iffVale Railway Company, derive knowledge which it was in the nature of man he should use. He wns not quite clear whether he ought not, in order to test the opinion of the proprietory, to propose a substantive resolution declaring as their opinion that Mr. Bayly should letire from the board but, at any rate, he gave notice that at a proper time he shouid bring the matter forward. The retiring directors having been re-elected, Mr. Bernard said perhaps the better way in reference to the matter he had brought forward, would be for the chairman to be requested to name to Mr. Baply, the opinion expressed. He should like himself to have some expression of the views of-his co-sliaretiolders., The Chairman said he thought it would be better to leave the matter as it stood. Mr. Bayly would see what h; d tran- spired, through the medium of the press. Mr. Bernard wished to ask what had been done in reference to the extension of their line into the llhondda Valle) ? The Chairman' said negotiations had been' entered into with the principal'landowners, who had agreed for the sale of their land upon very fair terms. The directors were now engaged in considering-what further steps they ought next to take° in consequence of the results of those negotiations. Mr. Bushel, acting director, said the board was at that moment in communication with a large landowner in the Rhondda Valley, who would probably sink a trial-pit, and thus prove the value of the projection before the works were commenced. The vote of thanks to the board having been' passed and acknowledged— 0 M. Hutchinga, M; P., moved a vote of thanks to the mana- ging director, Mr. Buihell, and took- the oppottunityof defend- ing- himself from any suspicion of having urged on the agree-, ;I z;1 ment to lease the Aberdare line from interested motives. His -itei interest in the Aberdare line was only £ 2,500, while in the Taff Vale line lie had invested £ -22,500. The vote of thanks having been carried' and acknowledged, the meeting separated.

■1 THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH. When Dover shall have been united with Calais, by the realisation of this project, and when the various lines now in progress and contemplated on the Continent shall be com- pleted, London will be connected by continuous lines of telegraphic communication with Brussels, Berlin, Hamburgh, Lubecki Bremen; Dantzig, Leipsic, Dresden, Prague, Vienna, Trieste, Munich, Augsburg, Stuttgard, and the towns along the banks of the Rine, from Cologne to Basle; also with Amsterdam, the Hague, Rotterdam, Antwerp, and every part of Belgium; also with Boulogne, Lisle, Valenciennes, Pari?, Strasburg, Bordeaux, Lyons, Marseilles, and all the intermediate towns. OhthC arrival of the Indian mail at Marseilles, the leading journals of London, at a cost which would appear fabulous, have obtained their despatches by means of special eburier.5 riding express from Marseilles to Boulogne, and by express steamers from Boulogne to Folkestone. All this will be changed: The agent of the Times, at Marseilles, will receive from the Alexandrian steamer, the despatches ready perforated on- the ribbon of paper (a process which may be execute before their arrival); he will take it to the Telegraphic Office, where it will be attached to the instrument, and will be trans- mitted direct to London, at the rate of 20,000 words per hour on each wire. Two wires will, therefore, transmit three columns of the Times in eight minutes If a London merchant desires to despatch an important communication to his correspondent at Hamburg or Berlin, ho will be able to do so, and obtain an answer in five minutes, provided the letter and answer do not exceed 1,000 words, and-that his correspondent is ready without delay to reply. If the Foreign Secretary desires to send an important des- patch to the British Minister at Vienna, he is obliged at pre. sent to expedite it by a Queen's messenger travelling express. He will then have only to get it preforated on a ribbon 0 f paper in characters known only to himself and the ambas- sador, and forward it to Vienna at the rate of 300 words per minute. A project has been announced in the journals, which might" be justly regarded as the creature of some candidate for Bed- lam; if after what we have stated as being actually practised we would dare to pronounce anything of the kind impracticable. The project we allude to is to carry a telegraphic communica- tion across the Atlantic! It is proposed to encase a number of wires in a coating which will not be effected by sea water and to-'sink it in the ocean! One extremity of this electrie cable is to be fited at New York or Boston, and the other, we presume, at GalWay Oh the occasion of the first meeting-of the British Associa- tion, held in Dublin, in 1636, Dr. Lardner, in a speech de- livered at the Rotunda, startled the public by a prediction, that "the day was at hand when a railway across Ireland' from Dublin to Galway, or some other western port connected with a line of Atlantic steamers,would render Ireland one stage on a great highway, connecting London with New- York. It is a fàct suffièiently curious, that this prediction has been literally verified but what would have been said at that time, had the doctor hinted at the bare possibility'of a-i electric wire crossing Ireland, and forming part of one con- tinuous wire uniting these capitals, along which streams of intelligence, political, commercial, and social, would be con- atantiy flowing, — Dublin University Magazine for August. [ We quote the above extract as interesting in many of in details, but with regard to the velocity of transmission, as given by the writer, we can only say that we will believe it when we see it. In 1846, the speed at which messages werta to be transmitted, by means of this perforated paper system, was to be at the rate of 1,500 or 2.0001etters per minute and now, after four years have passed away, this wonderful velocity cantmues to be merely promissary—so far, at least, as prac- tical application is concerned. In the instruments working fit Lothbury; to our certain knowledge, the perforated paper iR, or was a short time since, altogether dispensed with, and the necessary contracts made and broken by ordinary manipula- tion;—ED. Mining Journal.] TotERAnoN IN CHINA.—The ne.v Emperor of China his per-

mitted the existance of Christian and will pro* ably tIt tt)iti the opium loads on payment of duties. ¡

to get rid* of the iVst portions5 of sulphur, and subsequent de- oxidising, by inserting a pole to remove any oxygen which the copper may have absorbed by being melted in contact with air. The" Marva Works" are the largest copper establishment in the world they are the property of Messrs. Williams, Foster, and Col, and the resident manager is Mr. Pooley, a gentleman to whom I am indebted for the following particulars. The wprka belonging to Messrs. Williams, Foster, and Co., with' the number of furnaces employed in each, are—Rose WOA6, 60 calcining and other furnaces Landore, 22 Morva, 26; Crown (near Neath), 35; Ditto Spelter Works, 9 furnaces and 6 calciners. The number of hands employed is 620. Only 14 woman are employed—four in the Morva and 10 in the Rose Works. They are on task work, wheeling coals to the furnaces and earn about 7s. a week. The average number of boys em- ployed is not more than 10 per centv on the total of hands engaged in the works. The rates of wages here are—Foremen refiners, one in each works, 50s. a week; assistant refiners; 40s to 42s.; roaster men, 30s.; furnace men, 25s. to 27s.; calciner men. 16s. 6d. to 18s. 6d.; roller men, 25s. to30s.; cutters, 30s.; picklers, 25s.; enginemen, 24s.these men earn stbout 3s. a week more for manufacturing the gas used in the Works ;> boys'; from 10 to 14 years, 6s. boatmen,'on the rivef, bringing- up ores from vessels, 25s. a week—these pay their hoblers Is:- 6d. a tide;, "tradesmen" (that isf, blacksmiths-carpenters," and masons, working from six to six); earn according to their skill, 90s. to 30s.; labourers unloading vessels, wheeling ore to'the furnaces, and weighing copper, 20s. to 25s.; a week,. There is here no day-work"—all is done"by "task;" and there is no working upon Sundays, a few calciner men excepted, who keep the fires in the men are 12 hours on and 12 hours off- duty. At the Rose Works there is a manufactory of copper nails and Bolts, wher-e 80) taYls of nails for sheathing ships, statiug houses, and for the decks of vessels, are made yearly. The daily consumption of coal in the Morva and other works belonging to Messrs. Williams, Foster, and Co. is 430 tons, This firm, some years ago, united with Messrs. Vivian to work collieries for the supply of their works. Under the name of the Swansea Coal Company they also sell and export coal, but not in large quantities,