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[No title]
PROM a parliamentary paper, it appears that the estimated sum required to be voted for the purpose of defraying a national inonument to the memory of the late Sir Robert Feel is £ 5,250. j A GENTLEMAN residing in Taunton has constructed an um- brella on a novel principle, the main feature of which is, that it can be carried in the pocket with ease. He intends sending 11 to the Great Exhibition of next year. IT is just rumoured that Lord Brougham is to be created an Earl, with remainder to his brother (Mr. William Brougham, pne of the Masters in Chancery), for his great public service in the House of Lords and Privy Council. GLASTOXBUHY ABBEY, one of the most famous ruins in the Vest of England, is shortly to be put up for sale by auction ( Vith the estate on which it stands. Such are the freaks of fortune. LAST week a fire broke out atParkhurst Reformatory prison, Isle of Wight, which appears to have been originated by the prisoners themselves. The loss is estimated at Eq")Oo. ISE Corsair emigrant ship, on her passage from Liverpool to Aievv York, was totally lost on the eastern banks of Newfound, Lmd. She had 300 emigrants on board, who, however, got Safe to shore. I ATHEB. MATJIEW.—Letters have been received from the Apostle of Temperance by his brother, dated 30th June, from the hot springs, Arkansas, in which he states his health is very touch improved.-Cork Reporter.
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[No title]
SUNDAY POSTAGR, DELIVERY.—A very crowded public meet- ing was held in London, at the Freemasons' Tavern, on Monday night, for the purpose of obtaining the immediate rescinding of the recent postal regulations, stopping the delivery of letters and newspapers on Sunday. The chair was taken by Joseph Hume, Esq., M.P. 1 AN iron steamer, the Prince Arthur, carrying eight passengers on an excursion to the Menai Bridge last Sunday, sprung a leak and was lost. The passengers were saved, but two of the crew were drowned. The vessel had a certificate of sea worthiness though she had only one punt with two oars in her, and was evidently only adapted for river work.
---__---.MONMO U"TH^HILTE…
.MONMO U"TH^HILTE SUALMJSK Held before the Right Honourable Lord CAMPBEI.L, Chief Justice, and the Honourable Sir EDWARD YAUGHAN, the Justices of tile Court of Common Pleas; CRAWSUAY BAILEY, Esq., being High Sheriff. 9 The commission for holding these Assizes having been opened last Saturday, in the first instance, this morning (Monday) both courts opened at nine o'clock.
MONDAY.—CROWN COURT.
MONDAY.—CROWN COURT. BEFORE LORD CAMPBELL. The following Gentlemen answered to their names as grand juriors J. R. BLEWET, Esq., M. P., Foreman. S. R. Bossanquet, Esq. G. Cave, Esq. H. M. Hawkins, Esq. C. J. King. Esq,, R.N. E. H. Phillips, Esq. G. G. Belph, Esq. J. Roberts, Esq. F. H. Williams, Esq. T. Wakeman, Esq. J. Davis, Esq. J. Trewawne, Esq. A. A. Wyatt, Esq. Capt. R. Flemming, R.N. S. Humphrey, Esq, T. T. Vaughan, Esq. H. W. Rook, Esq. J. A. Herbert. The Proclamation against vice, immorality, &c., having been read, his lordship addressed the grand jury to the following effect He had to thank them for their attendance on the present occasion, more especially since there appears to be, in this country, a disposition to neglect attending on the grand jury at such seasons as these. He would deeply impress every gentle- man with a sense of his imperative duty to assist in the ad- ministration of justice. He was sorry he could not congratu- late them on the brevity of the Calendar. There were fifty- nine prisoners for trial, which was a great number now, the assizes following the sessions so closely. He found only two casses in the calendar, calling for any remarks from him-—the one was.that of Maurice Murphy and Patrick Sullivan, charged with murder. In this case lie would recommend them to have the declarations made by the prisoners before them, but at the same time he would remind them that the declaration each prisoner made was no evidence, further than against himself, that is, that what one prisoner said against the other was no evidence. The other case he woald notice, was that of William Jones, charged with having violated the person of Sarah. Tucker, in which he noticed some difficult points of law, with which they would have to deal. He would highly compliment them on the improvement which these courts had undergone since he was one of the bar here, which was a great aid to them as grand jurors, to per- form their duty properly. In the courts within the county of Gloucester there was great danger every moment of being taken ill from want of air but in these spacious and elegant buildings there was still plenty of very salubrious air supplied continually.
THE MUIiDER AT BASSALEG, NEWPORT.
THE MUIiDER AT BASSALEG, NEWPORT. The first prisoners arraigned this morning, were Mauricc Mur- phy, and Patrick Sullivan, two Irish men, of the respective ages of 21 and 22, charged with the murder of Ann Lewis,at Bassale', April, 3rd. The first witness examined was, Jane Lewis: who said I am daughter of the deceased Ami Lewis, previous to the 3rd of April, I lived with my father and mother, at Bassaleg, that is about five miles from Newport. My mother receivedjha 1 f-a-c;own a week for parish relief, from New- port union. On the 3rd of April, mother left home far Newport. It was Wednesday. She left the house about eleven o'clock. She wore a shawl. This shawl produced is that which she wore. She took with her a basket and a tin to bring some barm home. Never saw her alive after that morning. She went down Bassaleg road towards Newport. The black handkerchief now produced my mother had around her bundle. She took it that day from my sisters house; she had that day coming back from Newport, a basket, a tin, and a bundle. The basket now produced is the one mother had. Cross-examined By Mr. Huddlestone, my mother was a little woman. Emma Jenkins I am sister of last witness, and daughter of the deceased. My mother was about 61 years of age. I saw her last alive on the 3rd of April about three o'clock, p.m. When she called upon me at my house, the Carpenters Arms Inn, Newport; she left my house that evening, about four o'clock. I gave her sixpence. She would not stay to take tea, because she wanted to be home before night. She had not been so well as she was then for some time. Her right road home would be the Bassaleg road. These are the shawl and basket she took away with her. She brought me that day three brocoli in a black silk handkerchief. Mary Edwards I am a widow occupying Cefnparva frm, near the road leading from Newport to Bassaleg; it is about a mile and a half from Newport, and a mile from Bassaleg. As I was going home on the 3rd of April from Newport market, about half past five, I went to a house about a quarter of a mile from Stow Hill, on the Basselag road. That is near a cross road, and a hand post. At that time it was raining hard, which was the cause of my turning into the house, while I was there I saw the deceased Ann Lewis, passing by, that house and going towards Bassaleg. She had a shawl on, and this one produced was the cne. I did not notice whether she carried anything in her hand. Cross-examined I went before the magistrates about it the week following. William Harries I am in the employ of the Monmouthshire Railway Company. On Wednesday, 3rd April, I was at Pieorner Bassaleg, which is about three miles from Newport. It was then about three o'clock, p.m. I saw the two prisoners there. I noticed one particularly, that was Maurice Murphy. I noticed him because I thought the stick he had in his hand was the one I lost. Maurice Murphy wanted to go down to Tredegar park, but the policeman stopped them they said they waited to draw to the lower part of the town, policeman said there was no path that way and so they must turn back to the road. They did turn back, but they were very loath. They went then towards Newport. It was raining heavily at this time. I have been shown the place where the body of Ann Lewis was found. That was in the direction they were going, about three quarters of a mile from the place I had last seen them. Cross-examined The tramroad leads through Tredegar park, there is a river also running through the park. Prisoners were then on the Newport side of the river. Tredegar park is about a mile from the road. I had never seen the prisoners before that day. John Phillips I am a labourer, living at Bassaleg. On the 3rd of April I was hauling coal from Picorner to the Newport Union, which is on Stow hill. I had a cart and three horses. While going with my cart along the road I saw both prisoners lying under the edge, as if they were sheltering, about ten yards from the gate. This was between the hand-post and Cefnparva. I was afterwards shown the place where the body was found. They took shelter in two or three plaees under the hedge along the road. It was about half-past four when I first saw them. I went on to the union and delivered my load of coal before I saw them a second time; on my return I saw the two men again still lying under the hedge. I met the other cart about half the way to Pieorner. I went back with that cart to Stow hill. On my way back I saw the two men again nearer to Picorner the length of a field, but still under the hedge. It was then about Uventv- five minutes to six they then both rose from the hedge just before I came up to them, and stood on the grass. One of them looked up to the clouds to see whether it was likely to rain more and the other appeared as he wished to go to the place where the, were at first. They, however, both went forward towards Batsalee. 1 his was the last time I saw them. This place was 400 yards from the place where the body was found. As I was «oine on towards Newport, I met the deceased Ann Lewis. I°saw her about 40 yards from the place I last saw the two prisoners. She was going in the direction of Bassaleg. She had a black shawl on and something on her arm covered by the shawl. I could not see whether it was a basket. She spoke first to me. She said in Welsli Indeed John it has turned out a very wet evening." I had known her since I was a boy. That was the last time I saw her alive. On the Saturday after I saw her dead body at the Newport Union. I am sure it was her body. On the Friday morning I gave information to the police of the two men I had seen. Cross-examined Where I saw the men the last time was nearer to Bassaleg than at first I saw them. The road there was pretty straight. Catherine Sullivan I live at Friar's Fields Newport, and go about the country with a pack. On Wednesday the 3rd of April, I was on the road leading to Newport. I met Ann Lewis on the evening of that day opposite Cefnparva, on the Bassaleg road, after that. I saw two men coming down the road, near where I met the old woman, Lewis Ihe two men were walking ¡dId Ann Lewis, towards Bassaleg. The prisoners at the bar are very much like those men. Cross-examined: They were walking on tbe fcotlath one í; the other.
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CARDIFF TOWN COUNCIL. A quarterly Town Council Meeting, was held on Monday last, his Worship the Mayor in the Chair. After the passing of the various quarterly accounts, the Council decided upon placing at the Town-hall, for the purpose of cleansing, and using the necessary means for preserving it, a person who would be allowed to live rent free. A policeman who resides near the station-house was selected. THE NEW TOWN HALL. The Lords of the Treasury having requested to be furnished with a plan and estimate of the proposed additional Courts, and Judges lodgings, and Mr. Jones, the architect, having prepared and pro- duced the same to the meeting, it was resolved that the same be approved of and adopted, and transmitted by the Town Clerk to their lordships. A WATCH RATE. The Mayor said that he was about to mention a subject which he hoped would be sanctioned by the Town Council because he believed what he was about to propose was both just and fair. It was to order that a watch rate be levied upon all property now charged to the street rate. The corporation of the town were about to incur an expense of EIO,000 for certain purposes, and there were many other improvements that would then become necessary, as the town progressed. They were atpresent prevented from making many improvements, as all their funds were devoted to the support of the police force, which he would submit was not a fair and legitimate purpose. He thought a a rate of not more than sixpence in the pound would be unobjectionable, and would enable them as guardians of the public property, to carry out what they should, for the benefit of that property and the town at large, enforce. There were nuisances to remove which with their new act they would be enabled to accomplish. In other towns improve- ments were taking place and funds were provided, and he was sure if the Council turned the matter over in their minds they must see that Cardiff required a little renovation as well, or more so, than other places. He submitted therefore, with deference, that a watch rate of not more than sixpence in the pound be levied for the purposes he had stated. Mr. Harris thought the rate should be lower. Would not one penny in the pound answer the purpose required. The Mayor That would hardly pay for collecting it. e Mr. David Lewis thought the matter required great consideration. At the present time he considered that the town was taxed with as much as they could bear, and if the Council only knew the suffering and difficulty there was to meet the now standing rates, he could not believe the Council would further add to their difficulties by imposing a watch rate. lie certainly thought there should be a little consideration used in the matter. The Mayor had told them that they were going to borrow LIO,000 he (Mr. L.) knew they were, but then it was not requisite that the debt should be paid off immediately let those that come after them, bear a little of the expense for certainly they would be the receivers of the benefit. As far as his opinion went he should certainly oppose it. Mr. James Lewis said that he had been sitting very patiently, in the hope that some one would second the proposition, which had fallen from their much-respected chairman. No improve- ments he knew had taken place of any import, because the money was being devoted towards the payment of the police in this town. He was anxious to see the town of Cardiff in a position that would do credit to itself, and therefore he could not refrain from expressing his pleasure at hearing that a motion like the one which was now laid before the Board had fallen from a gentleman who held so large a portion of property in the town. He sin- cerely believed that it was their bounden duty as trustees to the town to do all that lay in their power to enhance its benefit and improvement, and such a feeling should not be swamped by any attempt or wish to study the pockets of private individuals. He had given the matter his best consideration, and, under all cir- cumstances, he must say that he felt great pleasure in seconding the proposition. Mr. C. C. Williams said that there was no doubt if they had had a watch-rate of about threepence or fourpence in the pound up to the present time they would not have been in their present situation, for he must acknowledge that he did not like to see public bodies borrow money. There was a great advantage to the town it was true, in having two Courts of law, for he had not the slightest doubt that had they not happened to have had the con- venience for Assize business they now possessed, they would have lost the attendance of the Judge here altogether. Mr. David Lewis thought that all Mr. Williams had said was very good, but what he contended for was, that as the funds of the Corporation were so rapidly increasing there was no necessity for imposing an extra rate. The Mayor, finding that two or three gentlemen were likely to get into an argument upon what had fallen from Mr. Lewis, said that the usual mode for gentlemen who differed from a motion laid before the meeting to be adopted was, to propose an amendment. He thought they should not take too narrow a view of the matter, because he was sure that improving the town was the only means of insuring an increase of that influence and wealth which existed in other places-men of influence would then settle amongst them, and they would then have one great accession of gentry. By adopting such a mode, for a time, as the one he had proposed, he was sure that the taxes would, ere long, be lessened rather than increased. Let them take a more ex- tended view of the matter, and let them show the world that Cardiff did not intend any longer to remain behindhand with regard to other towns. He would have, he knew, to pay as much as any body, but he hoped that he had that patriotism in him which would induce him to act for the public, and not for his own private interest. Mr. David Lewis had very little consideration for the pockets of the Mayor, because he knew very well that he could, without any difficulty to himself, pay what was required of him but he considered the case was vastly different with regard to the posi- tion of the tradespeople. He thought the difficulty they had already experienced in meeting their demands was quite enough, and, therefore, he felt great pleasure in moving an amendment to the effect that the rate be not levied. lIlr. John Williams seconded the proposition. The motion was then put by the Chairman, when there ap- peared- & FOR THE RATE Dr. Moore Messrs. Tredwyn Harris James Lewis Pride Wm. Williams C. C. Williams Phillips. AGAINST IT Messrs. David Lewis John Williams M. Lisle. The rate was therefore carried, by a majority of eight to three THE POSTAL ARRANGEMENTS. The Mayor read a letter from C. B. Mansfield, Esq., town- clerk of Swansea, which stated that a committee had been appointed in that town for the purpose of drawing up a memorial to the Post-office authorities, praying for the transmission of the London and Welsh mails by way of Gloucester, and not by way of Bristol, as at present instituted. The Committee, together with the chief magistrates of Swansea were anxious to receive the opinions of all towns laying between Carmarthen and Chepstow upon the matter. After a little conversation it was decided that such were the advantages now experienced by Cardiff that they did not deem it necessary to interfere-at all events not until the completion of the line to Gloucester, [when there is no doubt letters will come via that town]. THE WATCH lUTE AGAIN. At this stage of the business of the Council, a conversation was entered into as to the amount of rate which should be levied. Mr. C. C. Williams suggested that they should commence with a fourpenny rate, and if they found themselves a little short they should act accordingly. Mr. David Lewis thought threepence in the pound quite enough to begin with. The Mayor having agreed to reduce liis motion to a threepenny rate, it was carried. Mr. C. C. Williams submitted a letter from the Messrs. Hunt. of London, with regard to Messrs. Batchelors' yard. This yard had been required by the South Wales Railway, and Messrs. Williams and L. Iteece were deputed to dispose of the property. They had made their claim at Y,2,400, and those who had wished possession of the property refused to give it to them. After a little conversation, it was decided that the two gentlemen before mentioned should make what arrangements they chose, not receiving less than X2,000 for the aforesaid property. THE MARKET. The Mayor asked Mr. Stockdale how it was their market had been kept in so filthy a state for so long a time past ? That gentleman having answered why, to the satisfaction of the Bench, a conversation ensued as to whether the tenant or the renter of stalls were the properpersons to keep the requisite order in the market. It having been decicled ,,that the renter of stalls was the delinquent, an order was given'to prepare the requisite notice, which, if not obeyed, would in future be dealt with accordingly. CARDIFF CHALUTY SCHOOL. There being three vacancies in this school, they were filled up as follow :-By the appointment of Mr. Jones, Frederick Reece was elected. James Lewis, Esq., selected a girl of the name of Owen, and Wm. Davies was elected by C. C. Williams, Esq. The Council then separated. 'STREET COMMISSIONERS MEETING. A meeting of this body was held on Monday; C. C. Williams, Esq., presiding. SMITH STREET. It was decided that the unsightly portion of the buildings in this street should I)c at once pulled down, and an order to that effect was given by the Commissioners. A'little conversation took place upon minor matters, and the meeting broke up. o
' A GREAT WILL CAUSE.
A GREAT WILL CAUSE. A trial recently took place before the Chief Justice Camp- bell, which occupied no less than seven closely printed colunins of the Times journal. We cannot do more in our limited space than give the faintest and driest outline. There was a gentleman of good family, possessed of consi- derable property in three or four English counties, who, before the French Revolution, was well-known in the best circles in London. His name was Thomas Bainbrigge. He became attached to a young lady, but his father crossed him in his affections, and broke off the intended marriage on a difficulty which arose with respect to the settlements, and, soon after, the young lady died. Mr. Bainbrigge retired immediately to the country and sank down into the condition of a mere squire-his temper was soured for ever; he seemed to have taken a final farewell of all ambitious hopes, of all the refined pleasures of social life. He lived well nigh thirty years after the event we have spoken of, but in such a manner as may be inferred from the present narrative. His father died about the year 1787, and left him in the possession of the family estate. He betook himself to one of his seats near Sheiwood Forest, and found a young woman named Elizabeth Parker engaged there in his service. By this woman—Mrs. Betsy as she was called—he had a daughter in or about the year 1790, and the child received the name of Betsy Bainbrigge. Mrs. Betsy, the mother, became pregnant a second time, but by another man, and she was summarily dismissed from Mr. Bainbrigge's service. The child was educated as though she had been his legiti- mate offspring; no pains norexpense were spared to fit her, for occupying a distinguished position in society and when she was about thirteen years of age her father brought her to his seat at Woodseat, and introduced her as his acknowledged daughter. In 1803, when she was only thir- teen years of age, he made his will, leaving her all his estates, for life with remainder to her issue in tail, with remainders over. However when the young lady was seventeen years of age, she became pregnant by his coachman. Hereupon he made another will, in which he left his property away from her, bequeathing to her only a small annuity, but still he re- tained her in his house, and even took a fancy to her child. About this time there was a farmer in the neighbourhood, named Arnold, who was on bad terms with Mr. Bainbrigge, on account of the usual rustic grievance—a misunderstanding about game. By this man's son Betsy Bainbrigge became pregnant a second time, and finally eloped with and married him. Mr. Bainbrigge was enraged, and on the 4th of Au- gust, 1812, he made a third will, in which the name of his daughter, now Mrs. Arnold, was altogether omitted but to his grandaughter he left an estate in is property for life, remainder to hei issue in tail, with remainder over amongst his own family. His daughter's name was never again mentioned in his house. The name of his grandaughter, the offspring of Betsey Bainbrigge and the coachman, was Marianne, In the year 1815, in the month of August, Mr. Bainbrigge was thrown from his horse at the Derby races, and was supposed to be at the point of death. When he had partially recovered from his injuries, he sent for a solicitor, a Mr. Blair, and di- rected him to make certain alterations in his will which finally stood as follows :-His estates for life were left to his grand- daughter, with remainder in tail to her issue, and, in default of such issue to Thomas Parker Bainbrigge, the eldest son ofhis second brother, and his heir-at-law, for ever. By this will a legacy was left to his daughter, Mrs. Arnold, but with certain restrictions, clearly indicating the deep resentment he cherished against the family. Marianne, the grandaughter, died and the last of her children also died in 1845 so that by the will of 1815, Mr. Thomas Parker Bainbrigge became enti- tled to the possession of his uncle'aproperty. Upon this will he took his stand and upon the action was brought at Stafford the other day. Now their was no question as to the sanity of the testator in the year 1815, but from this period until a few days before his death, which occurred June 13, 1818, he seems to have acted in a manner, which can leave little doubt of his insanity although, of course, as in all such cases, there is much con- flicting testimony. What one Witness asserts another denies, but there is little room for doubting that Mr. Bainbrigge's faculties were injured partly from the result of his accident on the Derby race-course, partly from his extreme intemper- ance. Just before his death, dowever, Mr. Bainbrigge made another will, by which should Marianne and her issue fail, remainders over were limited to his daughter's (Mrs. Arnold's) sons in succession, with £ 1,000 each to the younger children and, in case all should die without issue, then to his right heirs forever. His grandaughter Marianne was by this will in- trusted to the care of Mr- Blair, the solicitor who drew up the instrument. During her minority, Mr. Blair was to have the exclusive right of sporting over all the estates, and the exclusive management of the property. The question tried the other day at Stafford was whether this will or the will of 1815 should stand. The endeavour was to set aside the second will on the ground of the testator's general insanity for some time previous to his final illness as also because, at the time of signing it, he was utterly incapable of knowing what he was about. It is as well so say at once that almost without hesitation the Stafford jury decided against the validity of the second instrument and in favour of the substantial plaintiffin the action. Not only was there a doubt cast on the testator's competency at the time of making the second will, but it was even endeavoured by the evidence of General Bainbrigge, the nephew of the deceased, to show that certain sheets had been interpolated in the will actually executed by the dying old man. Imme- diately after his death certain members of his family, and, amongst others, General Bainbrigge, were present to hear the will read. He placed himself near Mr. Blair the solicitor, before whom tha will was spread out on a table. As he was looking over Mr. Blair's shoulder, this gentleman shifted his place, and in every way endeavoured to prevent him from getting a sight of the documents but he saw enough to con- vince himself, that there were large gaps and chasms, which must have been afterwards filled up, as they were not to be found in the will which he subsequently examined in Doctors'- commons. We cannot say whether or not this point was made out to satisfaction of the jury, but, at any rate, enough was shown to induce them to set aside the will almost with out deliberation. The report of the case is most interesting. It is sad to watch the gradual fall of a gentleman of cultivated mind, re- fined tastes, and strong affections ifi-oin the bright expectations '7' of his youth to the bed on which lay dying-a drunken and insane dotard. How miserably, at the best, was that long period of thirty years spent by a man who entered on life with every advantage on his side until we see him duped by his mercenary attendants into signing away his property from his own family, and so in the midst of rags and filth-no friend or relative to console his lost moments breathing out his life with a groan.
TUESDAY.- C RO NVN COURT.
TUESDAY.- C RO NVN COURT. BEFORE LORD CAMPBELL. The Court this morning was opened at nine o'clock, and in a few minutes such violent rushes were made into its different parts, that it was with some difficulty, and after the lapse of some time siledce VI as obtained.
-_--_--REPOHT OF THE MINING…
coa! measures of the trade; the roadways, which had been asserted to be wet, were proved not to be so the fines" complained of turned out, on inquiry, to have been most light —many of the leaders confessing that they had not been fined more than a few pence since the works began, and others not at all and the least able colliers were earning throughout the year from 20s. to 22:5. per week while the best workmen were earning 30s. by 6 to 7 hours' work, with house and firecoal free. Mr. Cargill favoured me with a list of the actual earnings of the whole of the colliers in his employ at the time of the strike, which is most accurately drawn up, and con- clusive as to the above assertions. As soon as the men began to depart from the agreement under which they were hired, and to restrict their earnings, Mr. Cargill, in addition to I sending some of the leaders to prison, immediately with his usual decision, placed such an additional number of men in the pits, that the union men were unable to earn even the sum they had restricted themselves to. On the general strike of the ) "union coilicts" thereupon occurring, Mr. Cargill had no difficulty in filling the pits with miners, common labourers, and others, thrown out of work in consequence of the strike of the colliers. MONMOUTH, BRECON", AND G L A J E O it G A X S I I R I;E ,—The report states that, although recent convictions for employing females, and the knowledge that evidence on which to found further legal proceedings was being sought for by professional men, to enable them to commence actions, had somewhat checked the practice, the proprietors of many iron-works and mines have failed to exercise their authority in support of the law with that vigilance and determination which might have been expected. Mr. Tremenheere was informed, that at the im- portant works of Blaenavon, Nantyglo, Clydach, Beaufort, Blaina, Coalbrook, and one or two more, females were again at work below ground but the general excuse is, that they work for the men, that they go into the pits before daylight, and come out after dark, and if the agent and his men went to search, they get immediate notice, and hide themselves. The employment underground of boys under 10 years of age had also been resumed in several works, by the admission of the managers and their mineral agents. At Blaenavon, the mineral agent very frankly stated that there were at least 30 out of 12u boys underground under the legal age. So large a z, proportion as one-fourth of the whole is a plain proof that the practice has been resumed without check, and that another generation of colliers and miners is growing up, whose minds are becoming indurated by the same process of early removal from school, and employment in the pits, at the age of seven or eight. The managers of most of the principal works have a strong feeling in favour of this portion of the law, and have caused boys under the legal age to be strictly excluded from their pits, in the hope of their parents keeping them at school until the age of ten. A considerable laxity, however, exists in others, of which the above instance is a proof, occurring too at works where, for many years past, the most liberal provision has been made for education. The payment of wages at public-houses is also, I was informed, again prevalent to a great extent, wherever the managers of the works are not strict in insisting upon the contractors in their employ abstaining from a practice which so directly leads to the increase of drunken habits and extravagance. Among the instances of salutary strictness in this respect, I may mention that Mr. Robert Crawshay, resident manager of the extensive Cyfarthfa Iron- works, informed me that he had placed the responsibility of preventing this upon his mineral agent, who, by his knowledge of the proceedings of the contractors, is able to prevent it. It nevertheless continues to be a very great and legitimate subject of complaint among the steady and well-disposed workmen at other localities. The exceeding good management of the Cwm Avon Works, now carried on by the Bank of England, under the superin- tendence of Mr. J. Biddulph, is so worthy an example, that we give the following as our own concluding paragraph: Al- though changes have taken place in the ownership and the management of these companies since that time, the same conscientious regard for what is due to their work-people continues to be conspicuous at both. The Cwm Avon Company is now carried on on behalf of the Bank of England, under the management of Mr. J. Biddulph. Important additions have been made to their schools. Two clergymen have been ap- pointed, one to take the place of the incumbent. Heading- rooms have been formed, accessible to all their workmen. The principal one, near their offices, containing an abundance of well-selected books, papers, and reviews, supplies books, papers, &c., to the others held in the school-rooms at the remoter parts of the valley. To this is also attached a mechanics' institute, and both are shortly to be placed in a large building under the same roof. Useful and attractive lectures are given, and musical performances, the latter chiefly by young men belong- ing to the works. Evening schools have also been opened for young men and women the latter zealously superintended by the ladies of the chief persons in the valley. A more sys- tematic attention has been paid to sanitary measures as regards sewage, taking off all refuse, See. a penny in the pound is stopped from all wages for this purpose: The company's shop has been given up, and advances in cash are made weekly to every workman, and the balance paid every month. Several | good shops were immediately opened by persons from a dis- [ tance. Excellent accommodation has also been afforded for holding a market, at which there is a daily attendance of per- sons who bring their goods from Aberavon, Neath, and Swansea, and a full market every Saturday, and the prices of everything were, I was informed, precisely the same as at Swansea, ten miles off. Tt needs no such example to disprove what is often alleged as an excuse for a company's shop (and which was so formerly, here), that it is necessary as a check upon exhorbi- tant prices. Where between 4,000 and 5,000 people are collected, earning in good times about £ 10,000 per month, there can be no fear of a want of sufficient competition for the supply of such a demand. All hte other excellent arrangements which I 11 noticed in my report of 1846, are, as it was stated to me, con- tinued such as, among others, that of not receiving any work- man who does not bring a good character (of which this is the only instance, that I am aware of, in the whole of South M'ales(; the good size and the convenience of the dwellings, where new ones have been built; the restriction upon, and supervision of public-houses, &c.; the encouragement of gar- dening and other means of innocent recreation and enjoyment, &c. The consequence of this benevolent and enlightened management is, that I believe no set of workmen give less trouble to their masters that justice and liberality on the one side are repaid by confidence and respect on the other that the state of morals, that the manners, habits, and conduct of the workpeople and their families, are creditable to themselves and their employers and that such an example satisfactorily shows that the development of these great industries—of such na- tioiial importance in an economical point of view—need not be attended with the moral degradation and physical discomfort of the workpeople, when conducted under a proper sense of Christian duty.—Mining Journal,