The Principality

STATE EDUCATION IN FRANCE. THE French are setting about the business of state educa- tion in good earnest. The valour with which the minister of public instruction proposes to grapple with the difficulties of the question, and the facility with which he cuts the Gordian-knot, will be highly pleasing to the friends of Go- vernment education in England and Wales. It would not be, at all surprising if Kay Shuttleworth and Co. would order a day of general thanksgiving for indications so hope- ful. The French have propounded the true theory. Our Minutes of Council, and the soft twaddle with which we are treated in regard to secular education, belie the principle of State education.. The project of law relative to primary instruction was laid c before the'Assembly by M. Carnot on Friday last. Accord- ing to this plan, education to a certain limit is declared com- pulsory. If the parent cannot, or will not, educate the child the State will do it. Gratuitous education to a cor- 1 tain limit is offered by the State to all without distinction. A parent who will neither provide education for his child, nOr avail himself of the gratuitous instruction offered by the State, is guilty of an offence punishable by fine and suspen- sion of civil rights. That portion of instruction called pri- 0 9 mary, and which it is declared in this project necessary to impart to all French children as the indispensable qualifica- tion to the future exercise of their rights as citizens, is de- clared to be as follows:-I. Heading, writing, grammar, arithmetic, the metrical system, measures of magnitude, ele- mentary notions of physics, agriculture and industry, draw- ing, singing, and French history and geography.—2. The duties and rights of a man and a citizen, the development of. the sentiments of liberty, equality, and fraternity. 3. Elementary precepts of health and exercises useful to phy- sical development.—Religious instruction by the ministers of the different worships. Such is the extent of education which this project declares it to be the duty of the State to impart or cause to be imparted to'every child of either sex under the Republic. The machinery by which this immense d(!3ijrn is to be realised is declared to consist of public schools, Private schools, and family instruction, all of which are to V directly or indirectly controlled by the State. The pub' lie'schools are to be conducted at the expense of the State, aaij admiaisteved under the direction of the Ministei-of Pub- lie Instruction. The masters and mistresses of private schools must be licensed by the State, and their qualifica- tions must be tested bv means appointed by the Minister of Public- Instruction. All children of every class, from,the Holiest to the lowest, are subject to the surveillance Of, the -'liuister of Public Instruction, whose duty it is to see that none arc unedueated. The following is the fourth section of this project, in :vlach the means of compulsion are enumerated:—Every t'atUor, whose child, aged full ten years, is notoriously known ?°t to'frequent any school, or receive primary instruction, l oblio-ed on notice from the mayor, to present him to the eonimissiou of examination as to instruction. If the child be not presented, or if it appear that he does not frequent school, or receives no instruction, the father may be citod at the request of the commission before the justice of peace, and reprimanded. The judgment shall be publicly posted up at the mayoralty for a month. If the commission Report on the following year that he has not attended to the l'eyrimand, the father shall be cited before the civil tribunal °t' the district, and condemned to a fine of from 20 to 500 fruncs and suspension of his electoral rights during a period n°texceedhv five years. The punishment shall cease when the commission shall report that the child has received pri- mary instruction. If we are going to have State education, we repeat for fae twentieth time, it must be compulsory ere long. And it only right it should be so. If the State gives the money, <• jt is the right of the Slate to regulate the quantity and qua- lity 0f {he instruction. In this project justice is done to class in the community, because if it is the duty of the '^tate to educate partially it is its bounden duty to entirely. The mockery of pretending to educate the poor, whilst the middle and higher classes are permitted to do Ilttt they.p12tlSe, is not tolerated in this scheme. This is [ tilt" only kind of State education which is just and impartial: a!*d if we are going to have such a system in Eugland, as ^axe of our friends so conscientiously and so devoutly de- 1 |U'e> we hope it will be according, to the French fashion, tj I'1 fact we should have no groat objection to see it.tried. Wo believe the trial would not long tax our patience if we should thus have it at once. The only danger is in the gra- dual for-nnf of the links. If the chain were at once pre- .sonted, all would be well.. Some people however imagine ,v„^at a few links in the shape of minutes now and then are respectable things. They don't please them as a whole, |at for the parts they have, the most intense admiration, j admirable sagacity! Fathomless wisdom this did we not ( that the whole is made up of the parts. Let us ^io\v however what we are about. All honour to M- ^i'not for his open and advised speaking. He is a friend °t progress. He moves on at a railway pace. His ideas "I anxious are not kept in abeyance for long to wait an experiment, lie sets about his business in !?sht earnest. lie will give such instruction as will develop 'ty. equality, and fraternity; but enormous as is that r^do he does not- stop there. He proceeds to religious .4 .truction by the ministers of the different denominations not only so, but also to the instruction imparted on the Rental hearth. There is not a single dolt to go uneducated, i *e Minister of Instruction will cram every child from high ], |° l»\v until they will be brimful, if not bursting, with know- ••U'4ge. Y>e thank M. Carnot for his candour and explicit- f and recommend our own Government inch to tell us "[-,Vastly how far they intend to go, and where they think ^topping. It is neither fair pr.honest to keep us in the Iv^'k. It. is neither candid nor just to condemn the minutes I j1* a whole and embrace them in parts. Oat with the secret ktc'atioi)s. Let us have the planning* for. undoubtedly > ^sty will be the best policy.

CABDIFF.. VALE RAILWAY.—The traffic for the week ending "y ht, IBiii, was £1,5jfJ 8s. 4d. 1:> ¡

THE PRINCIPALITY. Seveial persons have been somewhat diligent of late in mis- representing our views through various channels. An article on the subject appeared in the Silurian, on the 17tli ult., to which we deemed it our duty to return the folio tving reply "TO THE EDITOR Oil THE SILUITLAN. SIR,—A correspondent who signs himself 'Gwirionedd,' states, in your last number, that sonie rabid articles against the English both as a people and a nation,' have appeared in the PJIINCIFA- 1.ITY, and that the object of the Editor seems to be a complete se- paration of the English and Welsh people.' Permit me to state, that no such articles have appeared in the PIUNCII-ALITY, and that the Editor has no such object in view. No person reading his paper can point out any article stating that 'the English are a nation of op pressors.' On the contrary, the very contribution to the funds of the Brecon Independent College, mentioned by "Gwirionedd," has been twice gratefully alluded to during the hut six weeks. If your correspondent reads the PRINCIPALITY, he ought not to misrepresent its contents. If he does not read it, he ought to do so before venturing to inform the public of what he conceives to be its errors. "I remain, sir, your obedient servant, "THJ EDITOR or THE PIU^CH'ALITY. "PnIXCIPAUTY Office, Cardiff, June 19th. 1848." The correspondent of the Silurian, nothing daunted, prpceeds in the last week's paper to furnish evidence of our having written "rabid artie;les against the English both as a people and as a nation," and that they are a "nation of oppressors," after the following fashion :— "TO THE KniTOlt OF THE SILURIAN. Sirt --In a communication from me, inserted in your paper of the 17th instant., I stated that any person, not better informed, would imagine, from certain articles in the PRINCIPALITY, thaf the English were a nation of oppressors and that the articles had a tendency to promote a separation of the English and Welsh people. This the editor of that print, in his letter inserted in your last, denies. No person reading his paper, lie says, can point out any article stating that the English are a nation of oppressors." New I did not give those precise words as appearing in the PittN- CIPALITY, but said that such was their iuteulion and effect, in proof of which I submit the following extracts to your notice, and ask any unprejudiced mind whether I am not borne out in my statement. The editor doubts ivhether I read his paper: I do so generally, and, as long as it is supplied gratuitously, I pro- bably shall. "J une 28, 1843, G oN 1. 1) EXTRACTS. Oliver Cromwell was a noble fellow-),et who so calumniated by the myrmidons of royalty. Before the Saxon had an alphabet our warriors had fought. Be united, then, countrymen. Our people ate almost o'e in. religion. Churchmen.cannot give us the same aid as our own men can, but we and they ought to remem- ber that nationality is a nobler honour than sectarianism, Justice for H'a/es'isa comprehensive idea. Oh Countrymen rally round yom national standard."—Principality, FGb. 15, 1848. The French revolution continues to fascinate the public mnd- the foundations of the new republic may already be said to be laid. The hue sovereignty of the people has been acknowledged in the abrogation of all titles. The Chamber of Deputies has been dissolved, and the House of Peers abolished. The rights of conscience has been ,¡¡¡dlcuteJ, and the separation of the Church Low the t;te auaouuct-U. Lit the Times ai-d ih-c Chronicle, fondled by a proud oligarchy, play false to the people, but let no professed Dissenter, assuming to lead the people, tamper with the sacred rights of the masses, or they will do it at their certain cost. Let the great eveat of the day teach you the real secret of your strength. If the choice but departed spirits of Cambria could return to you, fur brief but sublime council, their living thoughts and burning words would cry—' Up, up, children of the mountains, to a peaceful but determined struggle for your political and re- ligious enfranchisement.—Principality, March 14, 1848. There is a stealthy cunning, and in some instances open war- fare, carried on against our rights as men and our privileges as a nation. The Saxon ambition, which grasped from our ancestors the fair plains of England, is still at work." -Principality, March 21, 1848. John Mitchell was never stronger, greater, and more triumph- ant than at the moment of his condemnation. His conviction has done more to hasten the doom of the thrice accursed British Empire,' as he called it, than he ever did himself. We refer to his case not for his sake, but for the sake of our own country. The Government that would adopt unfair means to convict will do the same to convict others. We cannot trust it; tell us no more of its good intentions—its delight is in crushing foes, and not in redressing the grievances of supplicants."—Principality, June 2, 1848. It is not a little amusing to observe how the writer changes his ground. Rabid articles" have become certain articles." Let our readers judge how far the evidence supports the indict- ment. We have addressed the following to the Editor of the Silurian, and beg the attention of our renders to the whole cor- respondence, as furnishing clear proofs of the pitiable sifts some of our friends are put to in order to have something to say against us :— I SIR,-Your correspondent, who still persists in calling himself Gxcirionedcl,' has furnished several extracts from the paper which I have the honour to conduct, in order to prove that the English are represented in it as 'a nation of oppix ssors/ and that the editor aims at a complete separation between the two nations. I am perfectly willing to rest my defence on those extracts, which though they speak of Saxon ambition and Saxon injustice, refer to particular acts, on the part of particular persons or bodies, and have no more connexion with the English nation at large than they have with the inhabitants of Patagonia. In re- spect to the extract about John Mitchell, I venture to say that no paper in Wales has expressed stronger dislike of the policy and principles of that daring man than the PKINCI- I'ALITT but as an uncompromising advocate of truth andjusic e that paper, so long as I may be permitted to conduct it, shall never advocate injustice towards the worst and most abandoned criminal. If anything tends to destroy what John Mitchell called 'the thrice accursed British empire,' that thing is the injustice cf Government. If John Mitchell was ever great, strong, and triumphant,' it was at the moment when the British Government failed to convict him, except by a packcd jury. In my opinion, all the 'strength, greatness, and triumphs' which he everob- tained, were furnished him by the executive Government, when it adopted unconstitutional means for his conviction. A Govern- ment which convicts one man illegally may adopt similar means to convict another, and ought not to be trusted. In this view, I am supported, I am happy to say, by the Patriot, and other eminent English journals, which cannot be justly accused of want of loyalty or anti-Saxon predilections. The PRINCIPALITY has no sympathy with the bloody doctrines of Mitchell, nor the insane ravings of physical-force Chartism. It abhors both. But in con- demning injustice and mad recklessness on the part of the subject, it cannot praise the same qualities in Government. It is the advo- cate of equal justice to all, and can never sanction the doing of evil that good may come. I believe that the civil wrongs of Wales are numerous. I will do what I can to remove them. But I want no repeal.' I love 'U.!ÏO:l,' but if you please it must he on equal grounds. I hate one-sided reciprocity. "Allow me to add, that of the extracts produced to prove that the editor of the PRINCIPALITY advocates repeal between England and Wales, and regards the English as a nation of oppressors, one at least of the most formidable was written by a distinguished Englishman who was attached to the editorial staff. "Thanking you for your courtesy in inserting my former ex- planation, and requesting the same favour for this note, I have the honour to remain, sir, Your obedient servant, Cirdiff, July, 3, 1843. THE EDITOR, OF THE PRINCIPALITY. To THE EDITOR.—SIR,—Circumstances have prevented my writing to you for a few weeks. I now resume my remarks on our institution. Till recently the ATII.ENEUM AND MECHANICS' INSTITUTE" was simply a" -Nlccllatiies' Institute. As such it was established, and at first many, of its subscribers were mechanics. Soon, how- ever, the Catholic spirit that originated it was supplanted by the e p Cardiff exclusive spirit: the funds were disposed of in the pur- chase of books of little or no interest to mechanics—their tastes were not consulted, and in the rooms they did not receive equal treatment with other subscribers. They gradually withdrew, and at the general meeting at the close of last year the secretaries re- ported that two only remained on the list! This was taken as evidence that mechanics at Cardiff take no interest in institutions for their benefit, instead of as evidence that the institute was not managed as it should be. Several members interested in its suc- cess attempted to point out the causes of failure; but the exclusive spirit was too strong, and the majority determined to make it a more respectable" affair, by dropping as far as possible the me- chanic," and adopting the new title of "AthæljeullJ." The funds are now chiefly devoted (in addition to newspapers) to the pur- chase of novels. A recent resolution of tke committee authorised the purchase of the" Universal Novelist," 60 vols., at one shilling each and an Encyclopaedia. The former could not be obtained, and in their stead twelve volumes of the novels of George Prince Regent James, Esquire, now adorn the library shelves The latter is not yet forthcoming. Thus, sir, has the Mechanics' Institute fallen from its high estate" to the paltry condition of a circu- lating library." THK. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE" was established in the year ——, Mr Booker taking the lead. The one event of its life is its birth; it has not grown into its tirst pair of breeches, and is (I am told) expected shoitly to breathe its last. "Out! out Brief Chamber!" THE HEADING IIOOM" is supported by the neighbouring gen- try and the protessionat men of the town. Its spirit is exclusive and select, and little is known of its virtues save by its members, amongst whom I have not the honour to be counted. I have thus endeavoured to sketch our various institutions, and to show that acting separately and exclusively they do little good to the commonweal. lit my next I shall endeavour to show how, by substituting a Catholic spirit for exclusiveism, the union of all may be accomplished, and a power as yet unknown in Cardiff employed in elevating the people. I am, &c., ONE OF THE PEOPLE. P.S.—I alter my signature to one more Catholic. INCIDENT OF THE LATE ELECTION.—A "free and independent'u elector having presented himself during the heat of the contest, a one of the polling places at Bridgend, was asked—" Whom do yon vote for P" 11 J'or the squeer to be sure," was the quaint reply. W hu i" the squii-e P" was then asked. The elector replied, the squire nuin—do net you know squire Jenkins, Llauhurau ?" It was explained to bim that he could not vote for the squire as he was not a candidate. The name of Russell was then mentioned. Aye, aye, Russellton, that's the ixaiiitl, He was further re- minded, there was not a candidate of that name, and Mr. Over- ton's name mentioned. Aye, aye, Overton, he's the mau-d pIa fe bachgen.—From a Correspondent. TAFF VALB RAII.WAY.—A correspondent suggests that the Tafl Vale Railway Company make steps to desend and ascend where passengers have to cross the line to get on the up or down platform at each station also, that some further accommodation be rendered at the Navigation Station. [We hope the above suggestion will have the desired effect. The absence of suitable accommodation at the Navigation Station, is really too bad.] It has been currently rumoured during the last few days that we are likely to have an election for the county ere long. It is said, but we do not know on what grounds, that Mr. Talbot is about being raised to the peerage. We give the rumour just as it. has reached us. At all events, forewarned is to be forearmed. Let the Dissenting voters of the county not pledge themselves to any candidate who is not prepared to go for large measures of reform, and against Goyemment Education and State support of religion.' Let them support their principles; and their principles will throw around them an izlviilcible bulwai-k., On Thursday next, the Assizes will be held in this town, on which occasion it is said a very large procession will at- tend our High Sheriff. A feeling invariably prevails that a more than ordinary demonstration should be made to show the popularity of Mr. Booker and it is intended that this gentleman should be escorted into town by a large re- tinue. Waintroda is fixed upon as the place of meeting, and as the town's folk may not be able to get horses, it is intended by the tradesmen and other inhabitants to go in carriages. The hour for assembling at Waintroda is'half-past one. 'We I trust all classes of our townsmen will testify thfir fc.,r thi.) inQ oiiviiii by pieseuee oil. the wccasioii. POLICE COURT, MONDAY, JULY 3.—(Present, James Lewis, Esq.) was charged with being di unk and disorderly in Whitmore-lane, at 2 o'clock on Sunday morning. Ordered to pay 2s. 6d. to the Infirmary box. Nathaniel Wilson was charged with having wilfully damaged the ship Hojfmtng, a Prus- sian vessel, chased to this port by a Danish man-of-war which cruises in the channel to prevent escape. The master, A. Noii Birch, said, on Thursday night heard a strangely tierce noise on board and heard a person coming aft and throwing stones to the cabin Yery offensive language was used, and the riot was kept up for three quarters of an hour. The damage done would amount to -1B, or 5s. Had seen no person himself. Ferdinand Nivedibiz sworn Is about 14 years of age. Had heard one of the men saying, that he would abuse the captain. Saw prisoner pelting stones. This the witness afterwards contradicted, and said he had only seen him on board. Seheau Berg Had seen Wilson on board, and heard him threatening to kill the captain, and that he would throw stones on board. This the witness positively affirmed. The stones came from the shore. Did not see Wilson throwing them, Wilson's captain gave him a very good character. W.isou was bound over to keep the peace in the sum of i 10. The captain was likewise bound over in the same sum. The magistrates alio ordered the captain to pay Os. cost. After a little display of Yarkee eloqueuce the sum was paid. James Jones and John Davies were charged with having created a great disturbance ori. Sunday morning, by kicking and knocking at several doors in Duke-street about two or three o'clock. Police Constable Nash proved the offence. There were no other men in the street at the time. Discharged with a severe reprimand. The policeman was highly commended by the magistrates for his conduct in apprehending the disturbers.—•—Morgan Williams for assaulting his father Thomas Williams at Ko. 2, Caroline- street, on Sunday night. Reprimanded and discharged on pay- ing Is. cost. Mr. B. Bowen, collector of the poor rates, stated that a distress warrant had been prepared against .Mr, Jewry, but that the mayor refused to sign it. Mr. Lewis promised that he would sign if any other magistrates could be found to join him. POLICE COURT, THURSDAY, JULY 7.—(Present, the mayor, Henry Lewis, Esq., Green Meadow.)—Several summonses were granted.—Mr. John, relieving officer, appeared to complain against John Phillips, Greyhound Court, for leav- ing his wife chargeable to the parish. It seems that he had applied for a medical man at the confiiicixent of his wife. The expense was 10s. Ordered to pay the sum by next Saturday week, or to be imprisoned for one month with hard labour. William Cox appeared to answer a similar charge. Mr. John proved that on the 26th of June, he was applied to for an order for a medical man to attend com- plainant's wife. The order was given and 2s. 6d. for fod, Relief was afterwards applied for on the 3id of July. The whole sum amounted to 15s. The defendant is a sawyer, and has refused to work for 12s. a-week. It appeared in the course of the proceedings that the defendant was ill at the time his wife was confined. Ordered to pay or to be im- prisoned for one calendar month.—•— Thomas Urd, the town scavenger, was summoned for disposing a quantity of town nuisatiec near to Jones' Court and flic- Old Quey. The stench was so intolerable as to induce the whole neighbour- hood to rise in a mass and wait upon Mr. Srockdale. Urch was ordered to throw some lime immediately in the nuisance, and not to deposit, any more thei-e.Ti');. i-y Hughes and Thomas Allen were charged with breaking the windows of Mr. E. John, relieving officer. The prisoners applied for relief, and upon being directed by him to wait on Mr. Stockdale, they used threatening language, and ultimately broke a pane of glass and the plate of the Cardiff loan society. Amount of damages, 7s. 3d. The prisoners said that they did it in order to be committed into prison that they might get something to eat. Committed for one calendar month each to the House of Correction with hard labour. Alfred Itichards, a young boy, was charged with stealing a bundle of clothes, the property of Christopher Jones, whilst sleeping on a lime kiln. The prisoner had been convicted before. As the complainant did not appear, he was discharged on promising to go to sea when Mr. Stockdale could°find a vessel. POLICE COURT, FRIDAY, JUNK 30. — (Present, James Lewis, Esq.)—Henry Coleman and William Jones, two lads from Bristol, were charged with stealing a quantity of fruit from the garden of John Hees, on Wednesday morning last. The charge was proved by Hannah Thomas, who had seen both prisoners going out from the garden, and, John Iters who had taken them with the fruit in their possession. Ordered to leave the town before 9 o'clock on Saturday. The boys seem to be entirely destitute, and had not "a farthing in their possession. Mr. Stockdale kindly pro- mised to give them a job so that they might have (id. each to pay their passage back to Bristol from Newport.—— s- Richard James, boatman, was charged with striking James Brock, of Tongwynlas, on Thursday evening last. Com- plainant did not appear. Dismissed on paying Is.

NEWPORT. NEWPORT COURT OF EXCHEQUER.—GADDEREK V. IIAIMK. 1 his was an action to recover the amount of a bill of exchange, and excited great interest. There were many pleas on the record, but the principal one was that the ac- ceptance to the bill had been obtained from the defendant by fraud. It appeared that. the plaintiff is a person whoso place of business is at Craven street, Strand, and who is in the habit of discounting bills. He now sought to recover the amount of a bill of exchange for £200, drawn on the 20th ha of January, 1847, and payable three months after date. The defendant, Mr. Ilaime, was a dissenting minister, at Pillgwenlly, near Newport, Monmouthshire, who, in 1847, being desirous of raiting money on a bill of exchange, en- tered into negotiation with a person of the name of Gaddercr. the plaintiff, being in the habit of discounting bills, was applied to by Miles, to whom the money was ptiid by Gadderer. For the defence it was shown tliat Mr. Ilaime had seen advertisements in the Watchman, signed James Lomas, 33, Mount-street, London, offering to advance money to the amount of £ 7,000 for the use of chapels, &e. Mr. Haime in consequence applied for £200, and a correspondence took place, in the course of which Lomas professed his de- sire to render a service to one of Christ's ministers, and Mr. Haime's acceptance for £ 200 was sent to the address, but in return that gentleman never received a farthing. No. 33 was the post-office, where it was shown that a person calling himself Lomas called for letters addressed to him. and i-eo- ceived several. It was contended that there was in reality no man of that name, that the affair was managed by parties who had an office in Panton-square, with the name of Cobb over the door, and that the bill was obtained by a fraud to which Gadderer was a party. The jury, after a brief con- sultation, returned the following verdict" We find for the defendant; that he did not get consideration for the bill; that the bill was obtained by fraud and that the plain- tiff was aware that a fraud had been committed." Con- siderable applause followed the announcement of the verdict, which was instantly checked. "W E have the pleasure to announce that C. H. Stonehouse, Esq., Consular Agent for Russia, Prussia, France, Holland, Hamburg, Lubeck, Bremen, and Brazils, has received from Baron Lionel Rothschild, Consular General of Austria, the appointment of Vice Consul for that nation, for the port a>id district of Newport. TRADE, we are sorry to say, still continues very dull here. Owing to there being'no freight homo from the Mediterra nean, and the disturbed state of Denmark, we have very little shipping loading for those places. (Continued in the eighth page).

MKRTIIYR. COHONLU s INQUEST.—On Wednesday evening last Geo. Overtoil, ijsq., the newly-elccted coroner for this district held an inquest at Penydarran on the body of Thomas D/er' aged 49, who died suddenly the previous day. After "the examination of a son of the deceased, and one or two otli-Ir witnesses, the jury returned a verdict Died by the viiitv tion of God." This was the first inquest which Mr. Overtax held after his election. After the inquest was over M. John Edwards, the foreman of the jury, proposed the health of Mr. Overton, and congratulated him upon thevicto-y ;m r? had won. Mr. Overtoil in a few words expressed his Grati- tude for the honour done him, and especially for the Ida 1- ness of those who had supported him throughout the 3\'Jre and protracted contest. FATAL ACCIDENT.—We regret to state that Bmiel Wil- liams, about sixty years of age, was killed on iVe'l'i«viiy evening by a fall of earth and stoacs \yiiilst at wjrk in ojj of the Duwiais patches.

had universal suffrage and vote by ballot to do with the Parisian riots ? Universal suffrage and the ballot develop their results in the National Assembly, and not in the con- struction of barricades. Murderous fire and poison might be employed with a limited as well as universal suffrage. The ballot did not pour boiling oil and water on the National Guards. The insurrection issued from no policy recom- mended by an universal suffrage and ballot Assembly. The fatal policy was that of the Provisional Goveriiiiieiit. The Assembly sought to rectify the blundei, and tne icnific. ex plosion ensued. The State vessel was being driven in a wroii- cou-se, and the effort to save it well nigh cost the Assembly its wreck. What then is here to afford substantial reasons against reform None whatever, though the set- tled brain of Finality has conjured from it an immense bug- bja-. Iteform is necessary and must come, or Lie masses will "row dissatisfied. Iteform delayed, as it has been truly said, is revolution begun. The noble elephant at the Liver- pool Zoological Gardens was maddened into fury by the cruel treatment of his master. He crushed him, killed him, Nevertheless he was pacified by a few loaves of bread. If the loaves had been given earlier, his temper would no. have been disturbed, and the man would have escaped. Heform in England may be conceded too late to avert mis- chief. The disaffected will not be slow to avail themselves of the legitimate causes of discontent. Why provoke a con- test which must eventually end in the granting of political rights ? It is sheer wickedness. The God-send of Finality will not distract popular attention from the unenfranchised state of the millions of England. Half-a-dozen bloody insur- rections may vet happen, and no thinking man will even dream of attributing them to political reform. The relation of cause and effect will be traced and earnest right-hearted men will discover that popular tumults are the results of the mis-government of the masses, and not that of granting po- pular rights, as the God-send of Finality would have us believe.