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----THE WRECK OF THE "PRIMROSE…
THE WRECK OF THE "PRIM- ROSE HILL." THE BOARD OF TRADE INQUIRY. The inquiry instituted by the Board of Trade into the loss of the Liverpool sailing ship "Prim- rose Hill" and 33 lives near the South Stack on the 28th December last was resumed on Wednes- day, at the County Court, Liverpool, before Mr W. J. Stewart, stipendiary magistrate, with Rear Admiral Boyes, Commander Caborne, C.B., R.N.R., and Captain Anderson as nautical assessors. The various interests concerned were represented as follows :—The Board of Trade, Mr Tobin; the owners of the "Primrose Hill," Mr C. A. M. Lightbound; the owners and mas- ter of the tug "William Joliffe," Mr Leslie Scott; the relatives of the apprentices drowned in the vessel, Mr A. A. Miller. Further evidence was called by Mr Tobin. Henry Roberts, first-class pilot, said be joined the "Primrose Hill" on the afternoon she sailed, and left her at the bar, when everything was se- cured and battened down on the ship, but no sail was set. Replying to one of the assessors, the witness said so far as he observed the crew ap- peared to understand the orders given. Walter Otto Pederson, master of the tug "Wil- liam Joliffe," gave particulars of that vessel, and of the events which preceded and followed the breaking of the tow rope between the tug and the "Primrose Hill." He reckoned when he lost the ship she was about 20 miles N.W. of Bard- sey. After losing her he steered about in various directions looking for her, but without success, and concluded she had got more canvas on and gone to the westward. He reached Holyhead on the morning of the 88th, and afterwards was hailed by the coxswain of the lifeboat, who re- ported the "Primrose Hill" to be off the South Stack. The tug was then in the outer harbour. He did not try to go out because there was too much sea on. The wind had then changed to N.W. No tug tried to go out from Holyhead to help. The lifeboat tried, but could not do it, the weather being too bad. By Mr Lightbound He went to Holyhead be- cause he came to the conclusion that the ship did not want his services, as she had got sail on and gone away to the westward'. Robert Green, mate of the tug, was of opinion that the "Primrose Hill" was quite safe when the tug left, but if the wind had got more to the westward she would not have been in so good a position, as she could not have got out to sea so easily. By an Assessor: They had besides the hawser that broke a 14in. mauilla hawser on board the tug, which he believed would have held the ship if it had been practicable to get it on board, which was not the case. He had never tried throwing out a buoy and letting it drift to a ship in bad weather. That might be done by; daylight, but not at night. William Young, principal keeper at the South Stack Lighthouse, said he saw the "Primrose Hill" about two miles off at 12.30 on December 28th bearing W.N.W. She had set the fore lower topsail, but it was not properly sheeted home and not properly set. Considering the state of the weather he considered her in a dangerous position. The flood: tide would take her towards the Skerries. Afterwards they tried to set the foresail between one o'clock and two, but it was not sheeted home. The vessel was then a mile and a half off. Asked if he thought arything could have been done on board to get her further off the land, the witness replied in the negative. The setting of the foresail caused the vessel to forge ahead. Previous to that she had been merely drifting nearer to the rocks. He did not think they could have set any more can- vas, blowing as it was. They could have done nothing more than they did. The witness got rockets ready, and next observed the ship had just anchored, and was swinging to the anchors about 300 or 400 yards west of the lighthouse. The witness described the breaking of the cable and the stranding of the vessel, nothing of which was visible after five minutes. The weather was exceptionally heavy. He saw no signs of panic on board, but all seemed to be cool. By an Assessor: He believed if the vessel had not anchored, but had continued forging ahead, she would have cleared Penrhos Point, on which she stuck. Captain Carter, of the coastguard, and in charge of the rocket apparatus at Holyhead, spoke to having received several reports about the "Primrose Hill" from the South Stack. Mr Tobin read the messages, which showed increas- ing urgency, concluding with the message, "For God's sake tell rocket apparatus to hurry"; and, finally, "Ship sunk, out of sight." In his opinion he was not sure if the tug "William Joliffe" could have put out to her assistance. He believed the lifeboat attempted to put out. The witness started with the rocket apparatus at seven minutes past two, and described how he followed the course of the vessel until he got about a hundred yards off her; but it was too late to give assistance then—the masts had gone. He did everything possible to rescue life. William Owen, coxswain) of the steam lifeboat at Holyhead, paid he saw the "Primrose Hill" being towed down by the "William Joliffe" on the afternoon of the 27th. The glass was then falling fast, and he expected them to come into Holyhead for shelter. The glass was then below 29. About one o'clock on Friday the coast- guard brought him a message to go to the "Wil- liam Joliffe," which was then in the harbour, and tell him to go out to the "Primrose Hill," which was then drifting on to the rocks below the Stack. The "William Joliffe" did not move, but the "Hannah Joliffe" did, though she did not get outside the breakwater. The lifeboat tried to get out, but could not get beyond the end of the breakwater. By an Assessor: The "William Joliffe" was the larger of the two boats. William Cowan, a former seaman on board the "Primrose Hill," examined by Mr Tobin, said he had had thirty years' experience at sea. He was six or seven months on the "Primrose Hill" in 1897 and 1898, on a voyage to San Francisco, where he left her. The Stipendiary Magistrate You deserted, in fact. The Witness I did desert her. There were thirteen of a crew before the mast and twelve apprentices on board. The crew was too short altogether. There was "a whole pile" of gentle- men's sons. It was very hard working the sails. The donkey boiler was never used at sea. By Mr Lightbound: He forfeited L7 odd in wages. Mr Tobin If so, he probably had good reason. The witness said the ship was right enough. He attributed the loss of the vessel to "them beys." Frederick George Noton said he was second officer of the "Primrose Hill" from 1894 to 1898. He was satisfied with the labour and life-saving appliances on board. He was also satisfied with the crews and the proportions of A.B.'s and ap- prentices. He had no fault to find. He was able to put her about with one watch. Since he left he had been chief officer of the sister ship the "Bidston Hill," and had sailed her with similar crews with safete. He used always the steam, winch when going to sea for hoisting sail, &c. John Petersen, examined by Mr Tobin, said he was an A.B. on board the "Primore Hill" on her last voyage, and was the only survivor. He remembered the breaking of the tug's hawser the night before she was lost. He was below at the time. The watch below was summoned on deck at once. He then saw the tug "William Joliffe" about three cable lengths off. The captain gave orders to square the yards and set the fore and aft sails and those orders were properly car- ried out. ihere was no confusion. The crew stemed to understand their business thoroughly. They ran beiore the wind about half-an-hour. It blew from abou_. south-west. The captain then ordered the tow-boat to come alongside, and her captain advised the captain of the "Primrose Hill" to heave-to till daylight. He ordered the chief offiosr t0 brace the yards sharp up, and the order was obeyed properly. lie asked the tug to by. and the reply waa 'All right". bnt ,t 1 30 thev lost sight of her. The weather was very rough, the wind increasing gradually all the'time and it was also hazj. The witness went on'the look-out from one o clock to two. He could then see from three to four miles, and for a while he could see the tug « hgtphunfy He kept on deck till four o clock,d h«! below. The wind was still squally. They made very little the water between twelve and shore fact, sometimes they drifted on the At a quarter to four he saw a •-> starboard beam. They were sa "A 0f wind at that time. At eight on the m g the 28th he came on deck again, and AS ent wheel. She was still under the same sails, and the wind was blowing from west-north-west. They were sailing close to the wind, making very little headway, still on the port tack, and drilt- ing to leeward. The weather had got still worse. The ship was heading about east-north-east, but no definite course was steered till about eleven o'clock, when he was still at the wheel. He re- mained there till she struck—six hours and a half. At eleven o'clock orders were given to t loose the topsails and the foresails, and bring her helm hard up, to wear the ship round. Those oiders were obeyed, and she was put on a south.. easterly course, and she was kept on that course till she struck the reek. No further orders were given as to the sails. The court at this stage adjourned. On Thursday, John Petersen was recalled, and ,ex,tirtined- by Mr Tobin. He stated that about eleven o'clock in the forenoon of the day the ship was wrecked the jigger staysail carried away, and five minutes late? the fore topmast staysail was blown into ribbons. The ship was heading about north-east then. About noon, when the vessel was heading about south-east, the fore lower topsail was set, but it was blown into ribbons almost immediately afterwards. When the two anchors were let go, soundings were taken, and showed five fathoms of water. The starboard cable carried away about five minutes after anchoring, and the ship then dragged her port anchor, and drifted towards the rocks. Witness was at the wheel when the anchors were let go shortly before the disaster, and, had been there since eight o'clock in the morning. The reason why he was so long at the wheel was I because all the other men had been, busy all the morning getting the hawser in and attending to the sails. As the ship dragged towards the rocks the captain called all hands on to the poop, I and served them with lifebelts. The captain and the chief officer refused to take lifebelts, al- though there were plenty on board. Witness was on the starboard side hanging on to the rail on the poop when the ship struck on the rocks. The poop was washed right on to the rocks, and the second time she struck he went down to the bottom. He was then washed up on to a cliff about fifteen feet high, and a. farmer's son, named Owen, caught hold of him and rescued him. He was afterwards taken to a. farmer's house close by. When the anchors were let go the foresail, fore lower topsail, main top staysail, and mizzen top staysail were set. Notwith- standing that amount of sail they were uita-ble to keep the ship off the land because of the heavy sea. By Commander Caborme All the seamen on board the vessel were good men, he considered. He had known five of them before. Fred Ernest Hinde, the stevedore who loaded the "Primrose Hill," stated, in answer ,to Mr ¡ Tobin, that the cargo was properly stowed and dunnaged. The vessel c-a,rried about 3400 tons dead weight. On leaving Liverpool, the vessel was in very good sailing trim. He was in- structed by the captain to trim the ship an inch by the stern, and he did so. Mr Tobin submitted the questions on which the Board of Tradle desired the opinion of the Court. These were as follow — (1) Was the vessel in good and! seaworthy condition as regards hull amd equipments whttn she left Liverpool on the 24th December last? (2) Was every possible assistance given to the late master by the superintendent of mercan- tile marine at Liverpool and1 his staff to obtain a< crew? Was the vessel delayed on account of the late master being unable to obtain a crew, and, if so, what was the reason of the difficulty? (3) How was the vessel officerediancl manned ? (4) What description of hawser was used! for towing? Was it in good condition and sufficient for the purpose intended? (5) What was the cause of the hawser break- ing about 10 p.m. of the 27th December? (6) What wa.s done on board the "Primrose Hill" after the hawser parted? What was her position about 12.30 p.m. of the 28th December, and had she then or thereafter sufficient sail set to keep her out of danger? {7) If the vessel did not carry sufficient sail to keep her out of danger either before or after noon of the 28th 'December, having regard to the weather, could more sail be set? Should more sail have been set, and, if so, why was it not set? (8) Was it, in the opiniion of the Court, a. pro- per course to let go the anchors after clearing the South 'Stack? When the anchors were let go, was there any attempt madie to take in sail, and, if not, should an attempt ha.ve been made ? (9) What was the position of the vessel at or about 1.50 p.m. lof the 28th December? Was she then flying signals of distress, and what were the circumstances in which the steamer "Hibern- ia" could not render her assistance? <10) What were the circumstances in which I the Holyhead steam lifeboat rendered no assist- ance to the vessel? v (11) Did' the tug "William Joliffe" stand by the "Primrose Hill" after the hawser parted, at about 10 p.m. of the 27th December? At what time on the night of the 27th December was the vessel lost to sight to those on board the tug, and!, was every effort thereafter made by the master of the tug ,to findl the ship and render assistance? (12) What was the cause of the loss of the vessel, and what were the circumstances in which the Holyhead Rocket Brigade could ren- der no assistance, and so many lives were lost? (13) Do. the facts of this case show that the crew of the "fPrimrose Hill" as constituted1 was or was not adequate for the purpose of her safe navigation on. a winter voyage, and on the voy- age in question, having regard to the weather encountered'? (14) Does blame attach to Mr William Price, the manager, or to the master of the tug, in con- nection with the loss of the "Primrose Hill?" (15) Whit was the value of the vessel to her owners? What were the insurances effected, and how were they apportioned'? Mr Price, the managing owner, was recalled, and examined! by Mr Lightbound!. 'He said the "Primrose Hill" was fitted, with double topsails and double topgallant sails, and with patent Mocks throughout. The mate held a master's I certificate, and in his efforts to get a properly certificated' second officer witness applied to the Mercantile Marine Service Association and! the I Merchant Service Guild. He had with him a letter written by 'Captain Wilson, of the "Prim- J rose Hill," to his wife, before sailing. It con- tained the following passage: — "I succeeded better to-day than I expected. Got on board about 1.30 p.m. with our full complement, and I as the weather is moderate, I thought it was best to make a start at once." Mr Lightbound said he considered it advis- able to. put in that letter as the last words of the captain as to what he thought regarding the crew he had got. Witness went on to state that. in addition to the "Primrose Hill," he had! under his manage- ment two sister ships, the "Bidston Hill" and the "Marlborough Hill." These vessels were rigged and equipped similar to the "Primrose Hill," and they were sailed with a crew approxi- mately the same as that carried by the latter vessel on her fatal voyage. He had intended1 to send his son on board the "Primrose Hill" on I her last voyage. The Stipendiary: 'Was the vessel delayed at all because the master was unable to get a. crew? The. Witness Well, she mig'ht have been able to get away on1 the Saturday instead of not leav- ing dock till the Sunday. Captain William Lang, caTled by Mr Light- bound. stated that he wa.s the master of the "Marlborough Hill." which was under the same management as the "Primrose Hill." The "Marlborough Hill" was built in 1885, and he had been master of her ever since. She was a. sister ship to the "Primrose Hill." He had heard what the crew of the "Primrose Hill" was on her last voyage, and, speaking from practical experience of a sister ship. Tie thought that the crew was sufficient. He had sailed the 'Marl- borough Hi31" with appnoxf/mately a. similar crew, and even with less. He was allowed a fiee hand by the owners in engaging a crew, and was not found fault with for engaging one or two more or one or two less. He had sailed with a crew two less than that of the "Primrose Hill," but he could not say that the units of his crew were more effective individtuaUy than the units of the "Primrose Hill." He had always sailed with twelve apprentices. By Rear-Admiral Boyes: He had never been m a similar position to the "Primrose Hill" be- 'fore she was wrecked, and he admitted that it was a very trying position'. This concluded the evidence. Mr Miller then asked1 to be heard, but the Stipendiary said he might argue as much as he liked1, and when he sat down he would give his judgment. Mr Miller I wish it to. tbe perfectly clear lhat T. claim the right to address the Court on qu«'s- tions which have been raised'. • ,e, Stipendiary: Well, I say you have no right to be heard. t Mr Miller: Very sir, but I can reifer you 'IT precedents, if you wish. Miller lefKe ™ TesPonse> and ilr l. f ^gKWd'' the Court on •behalf of the owners said Mr Price had had to bear the brunt of the most extraordinarv ru- mours with regard to the "Primrose Hill pnd all sorts of unpleasant things had been si :d About him. The inquiry had clearly demon- strated that no blame whatever attached to Mr Price. He submitted that the ship w»« ell equipped', well manned, and well handled. Of course, there was a, certain amount of tèoo.y as to manning, but he submitted .that it/ shculd J not weigh as against experience,, and experience j had shtown that this vessel wa", adequately and fully manned. The Stipendiary said the Board of Trade had t axlmitte-11 that, upon the basis of the majoii Ly- report, this vessel was just, slightly in excess of the Hmit. Mr lightbound, continuing, submitted that the loss of the vessel was Jue to exceptionally stormy weather, and that this was one of (he cases in which the sea had claimed its toll. All the evidence went to show tihat the vessel was well manoeuvred by the captain. Mr LesMe Scott, on behalf of the lug, sub- mitted! that, after losing sight of the !hip, her master was entitled to conclude, in view of the circumstances, that she had made good her pas- sage to the westward, and was out nf danger. Subsequently, when news was received' that the "Primrose Hill" was in extremfcty, the weatner was such that it was impossible for the tug to make an atteiaipt at rescue, the steam lifeboat, which put out to her, hawing to put back. This concluded the case, and, the Court ad- journed to Wedtnesday. JUDGMENT. Judgment was delivered on Wednesday. The Court found the ship to have been in good and seaworthy condition with regard to hull and equipment. The master of the ittg should have remainedl longer in the neighbourhood of her after the. parting of the tow rope. The CHW was not adequate for the voyage in question, but there was no evidence to satisfy the Court that the loss of the ship was due to such inadequacy, nor was the Court prepared to sav that blame attached, to. Mr William Price, the managing owner, in connection with the loss. He would have been well advised if he had insisted' upon a more adequate crew, especially having regard to the fact that twelve of them 'were appren- tices, of whom six had1 never been to sea before.
HOW THE YEOMANRY LEFT RUABON.
HOW THE YEOMANRY LEFT RUABON. A correspondent, writing to the "Manchester Guardian," says:—I have no doubt your readers would like to hear how the 88th and 89th Com- panies Imperial Yeomanry left Ruabon. They may have already read that Ruabon gave them a very hearty send'-off to Southampton early on Saturday morning, but the details of what was done have probably not reached' them. There was a bit of a disturbance, and it all arose out of the kit bags. Instead of sending down the kit bags (which were in most cases well filled and heavy) to the station in carts, the acting colonel (Sir W. W. Wyrnn) made the men carry them themselves. The men had been doing nothing all day (we all know how tiring doing nothing is), and it showed' great lack of consideration to make them their own pack animals (they had to carry rifle, overcoat, and valise at the same i time) at so unearthly an hour as one in the morning, and when they had a long and tedious journey in front of them. At half-past seven on Friday evening, the men fell in, and went up to Wynnstay Park. There they were entertained to a supper, and Sir Watkin made an excellent speech, impressing upon them the necessity of self-reliance and the value iof mutual trust. Be- fore the men left for the statiott. badges, imita- tion leeks with green ribbons attached, were dis- tributed as a memento of the occasion. So far, all went as merrily as a wedding bell, but when the troops approached the ledge gates apposite the railway premises, the people—friends, in- habitants, and casual visitors.obroke into the park in great numbers, and went to meet them. We all knew that the men had anticipated diffi- culties from the unweildiness of their kit bags, and we hoped we might be allowed to assist I them. Sir Watkin was quite within his rights in turning us out; military discipline must be maintained, aJid we cannot Be unmindful that respect for the privacy of a gentleman's grounds is demanded of us By aN laws, social amd other. But there were circumstances which made our offence less culpable, and the manner in which we were turned out of the park did little credit to Sir Watkin's judgment. The following duol- fogne will give some idea of how it was done. Sir Watkin (to civilian carrying kifbag): "Here, sir; what are you doing?" Civilian: ""Carrying 9 9 my friend's kit, bag." Sir Watkin: "Well, put I it down, and_ clear out of this at once. What right have you here? AH civilians out of the park at once. Officers, tunt them out. Out you get, all of you." An extraordinary scene cnsued at the, gates. Sir Watkin halted his horse (after most of the offemhfs had been routed), midway between the gate posts, and then the crowd, by no means a small one. set to I work to hoot. Sir Watkin mav thank his stars he was not in Birmingham. Despite these and I other unfortunate incidents. I believe that the yeomanry were conscious they were getting a good send-off. They were cheered to the echo, I and the crowd subsequently swarmed into the station and surrounded the train. I believe these two companies were the last to close their re- cruiting list. They go, too, to replace companies I which have been terribly o ecimatedl bv fighting and disease. I wish them "God speed." Tnev cast anchor from Southampton earlv on Sunday morning, and now on board the "Norman" are speeding over the ocean to take their chance in the lottery of battle. "Don't cornt vour Chickens before they a.re
TEE GOVERNORSHIP OF CARNARVON…
TEE GOVERNORSHIP OF CAR- NARVON PRISON. We understand that a resolution to the follow- ¡ ing effect was passed at their last meeting by the Visiting Justices to his Majesty's Prison. Carnarvon, with reference to the departure of Mr Dillon :—"That the Visiting Justices to his Majesty's Prison, Carnarvon, on parting with the Governor, Mr John Dillon, of whose well- deservedi promotion they are glad to hear, desire to place on record their sense of the unvarying conscientiousness, firmness, and kindness with which he has discharged his duties in maintaining the discipline of the gaol. They recognise also that his sympathy towards all eases deserving of it, and his zeal in the work of the Discharged Prisoners' Aid Society show a high conception of the office of a prison governor."
A SEVENTH DAUGHTER.
A SEVENTH DAUGHTER. HER PARENTS DISTRESSED. ( An extraordinary story comes from the mining I district of Shropshire, and the circumstances connected with it have been recorded by a well- known writer who had occasion to investigate what he describes as a remarkable example of I parental affection." It appears that a Mr Wil- liam Price, mill-manager and stocktaker, who lives at Bennett's Bank, near Wellington, has been employed at the Haybridge Ironworks for upwards of thirty-six years, and certain informa- tion prompted the reporter to pay Mr Price a visit. He lives in a pleasantly situated house adjoining the old Watling Street-road and is the happy father of seven daughters, several of them being married. The youngest daughter, who is just twenty years of age, was very deli- cate, and when she did a little housework would frequently become faint. Her health caused her parents much anxiety. Miss Price was sent to learn the millinery and dressmaking, but after a time her health and appearance began to cause even greater alarm in the domestic circle. "She was always weak and bad," said Mrs Price to the reporter, "and very pale. She would often come in and drop into a chair, scarcely able to breathe. At the end of twelve months we very reluctantly took her away from the dressmaking, and she has been at home now for nearly two years. Here is my daughter." said Mrs Price, as the door opened, and a bright and happy young I lady came into the room. Her appearance did not indicate that she had suffered from any serious illness, and the reporter asked what accounted for the remarkable change in Miss Price in so short a time. Mr Price, who had just returned from business, said, "When almost everything has failed one feels compelled to try any possible remedy, and I must admit I was fortunate in happening to hit upon the I right thing. I was greatly concerned about my daughter's health, for no doctor's medicine seemed to do her any good. I had heard and read of Dr Williams' pink pills for pale people, and finally determined to give them a trial. So I went into Wellington and bought a box of the pills, and on my return home persuaded my daughter to take some. She did so, and told her mother that she felt better. She took more cf the pills, and her health continued to improve; indeed we could see a change taking place in her. Instead of being utterly exhausted and incapable of even a slight exertion she began to take an interest in life, and had strength to do little things in the house that were formerly impossi- ble. I persuaded her to keep on with Dr Wil- liams' pink pills until she had quite recovered. This she did, with the result that now she is, as you can eee for yourself, as lively and as bright as any girl need be." This interesting statement was corroborated by Mrs Price, who added, I have had a great deal of sickness at one time or another, and I have been at death's door several times. As Dr Williams' pink pills did my daughter so much good I thought I would try them myself, and I I can honestly say that I felt much better after I took them. I shall always speak well of Dr Williams' pink pills, for they have also done my daughter a great deal of good." Miss Price herself confirmed all that had been stated, remarking: "It is quite true what my parents have told you, and I am glad to say I am better now than I have ever been in my life. If I feel languid and unwell I have recourse to Dr Williams' pink pills, for they do me so much good. You may publish what I have told you, for I am glad to help others who suffer as I have done." A happy disposition and the preservation of a woman's beauty depend entirely upon her I health. With the improvement in Mi ss Price's health the effect became apparent in her looks. But when, as in anaemia, the face grows pale, sallow, and thin, the direct cause is impoverished and deficient blood. Dr Williams' pink pills enrich and purify the blood, and restore to women who are run down and bloodless their natural vivacity and charm. These pills exert at the same time a powerful influence over the I nervous system. Rheumatism, sciatica, indi- gestion^ biliousness, bronchitis, consumption, paralysis, St. Vitus' dance, and all ailments paralysis, St. Vitus' dance, and all ailments that afflict women and girls have been cured in innumberable instances by Dr Williams' pink pills, and they are equally efficacious for men. But one word of warning is necessary: only the genuine pills, to be identified by the full name, Dr Williams' pink pills for pale people (seven words), are of service to those in ill-health. Substitutes and imitations trading on the re- putation properly belonging to Dr Williams' pink pills are sometimes offered by tradesmen who have no scruples about deluding their customers, out where trouble is experienced, readers should send to Dr Williams' medicine company, Holborn-viaduct, London, enclosing I the price, two and nine for one box, or for six I boxes, thirteen and nine. Anaemic and bilious, people should avoid purgatives, which impoverish I the blood and weaken the system.
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■r-> — FURNITURE FOB /^1ABH COMPRISING ELEGANCE OR COMFORT /CREDIT. DURABILITY. J VJ ELEGANCE OR COMFORT /CREDIT. DURABILITY. J VJ ^.LOBE JJ1URNISHING QOMPANY 12 TO 18, pEMBROKE pLAOH, LIVERPOOL. ABSOLUTELY THB\ f\S E T>RICE, LARGEST AND VJ JL MOST UP-TO-DATE RPHE "I OWEST. HOUSE A JU IN THE CITY. ONPJ QUALITY, CREDIT SYSTEM VJ |QJ ENTIRELY DIFFERENT RTHE TTIGHEST. TO ALL OTHERS. X XX All Furniture we Sell is Delivered Free to any part of the United Kingdom. CTL AND INSPEOTOUR gTOOK. | GLOBE FURNISHING COMPANY (J. R. GRANT, Proprietor), 121018 pEMBROKE pLAaE, LIVERPOOL. FREE.-It will save you pounds In Furnishing to send for onr Illustrated Descriptive Catalogue, Price List, Ac. Business Hours: 9 to 8; Saturdays, 9 to 6. Telephone No. 1760. nm J VISIT LIVERPOOL FREE for the GREAT OVERFLOW SALE of the A LEXANDRA FURNISHING CO., Commencing Monday, April lat. FURNITURE, BEDSTEADS, CARPETS, ETC.; THREE ENORMOUS STOCKS. Must Jbe realised at once. — I — THEATRE FURNITURE, Consisting of the accumulated Furniture, Oar- pets, Ornaments, etc., lent to the Liverpool Theatres for the leading plays of the past two years (different lots every week), very slightly soiled, now offered at HALF-PRICE TO CLEAR. Write for Sale Catalogue giving interesting partioulars. — 2 — A Bankrupt MANUFACTURER'S STOCK, Boaght at an enormous discount. OFFERED 8/- IN THE £ UNDER COST. -r 3 — THE REGULAR £ 20,000 STOCK. Renowned all over England and Wales for reliable quality. ENORMOUSLY REDUCED. Rail Fare Paid to all Purchasers of JE10 and upwards. Write for Catalogue showing all reductions. If you cannot spare time to visit oar great establishment, you can order from the Catalogue by post. All Goods delivered free. Special terms of credit during the Sale. Buy now and save pounds. A LEXANDBA jpiURNISHINQ CO., It 3, 5, 7, & 9, PEMBROKE PLACE, LIVERPOOL; a373w tjMTM) MAIM FM tNI bart WORK w Iff* w( «Ui <u M > KIOCBL- nano w&ap. » CHAIN and l DUMIMl tmnmf dona r*okme— of H." v<35 I tumn at nmtm —sh. and row Vh^, f Ml «UrML MMIM BUM of County, WSLA} JWAT? trNMmLMM*• WUnnnri tb*Bluln*, \9w9r S«l mSL. —4 wtun U«t. Ho moa.y I do not ask 1 ■ to spend money to test whether my remedy does or does not cure Fits, Epilepsy, St. Vitus' Dance, etc. Oil f r. FR E I- b-lle W^k All I ask of you is to SEND for a FREE bottle ■ ^1 and to try it. I abide by the result. A safe B remedy—approved by Medical Profession. Ufj ."e. 'L..d. .w J^-HjG^ROOTjaS^ndsIeighGBrdeDSjLondoB^i^W. Never Faill. M *6 YEARS, JBM Have you a Cough? j|w A DOSS WILL BULLKVK rf. MSf Have you a Cold? maS A DOSX fct BED TUCE WILL EXXOTK |9V WHEN YOU ASK FOR ■Ojtog^ucI ■ BE SURE YOU GET IT. Try it also for Mm Bronchitis, Consumption, Mr ^■Anthwiftj w hooping-Cough. Prepared by W. T. OWBRtOGE, Chemist, HuU. Sold everywhere in V bottles, at Is. lid., St. gilt 4s. 6d., and lit. 1 ctmuii. ^s^^sea^ssaHsssEsaBnassssg 8 Healthy^ Homes, s FI BY REGULAR USE OF JJ j|MVlOT'S|j JL pan sotp, combined with tho fl Mj strongest Disinfectant known, and its [- w regular use for all ordinary household SJ m purposes will prevent Infectious and n iff Contagious Diseases. s Hi It washes readily with any water, y f{| and no other soap is so effective in L»j u! sweetening and whitening flannels^ a p bod-linen, olothing and Towels. || |j Refuse Inferior imitations. | li Sold in i2or. and lib. bars by Chemists, ll •M Grocers, Stores, &c. ill Illustrated List of Calvert's Carbolic Preparations 10 J|l sent post free <* 'ov hcavon. Rj g F. C. CALVERT 'ke Manchester | TO SEuURE tt0 GREATEST PUBLICITY for your Announcements, ADVERTISE »the "HERALD."
[No title]
hatched," but when they do come. make sure of reariner them bv using- SPRATTS PATENT CHICKEN MEAL. Sold everywhere in Sealed I Bags and Packets. Pamphlet on Chicken and Poultry Rearing post free of Spratt's Patent., Limited. 24 and 25, Fenchurch Street, London, E.C.—Advt.
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Mr William Griffiths has acrain been appointed to audit the accounts of the Unions of Anglesey, BaJa. Bangor. Beaumaris. Carnarvon, Conway, and other parishes in North Walesl I
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'I ¡ It's always 1 the Same, I always just right. No matter when or where you get it, if it's Colman's, it's just as good as the last you had. Ironing day no longer becomes a day of trials. You know when, you begin exactly how your ironing will turn out. 0 You can with safety invite your neighbour to drop in and see how well the linen looks. I I Sold in Cardboard Boxes. See that Colman's name and the Bull's Head are on the box. REG,
NATURALISTS AT CARNARVON ¡
NATURALISTS AT CARNARVON ¡ VISlT OF THE MANCHESTER FIELD CLUB. A party of seventeen members and friends of the Manchester Field Club, under the leader- ship of their honorary secretary, Mr Alfred Griffiths, paid a five days' visit to the neighbour- hood of Carnarvon, making the Royal Hotel their headquarters. As the weather permitted, va- rious places of interest within easy distance of Carnarvon were visited, and in the evenings meetings were held, at which addresses were given, on the geology, natural history, tides, and antiquities of the district. Upon Friday evening, a short address upon the late J. Critchley Prince, of Hyde, as a poet of nature, was given by Mr Joel Wainwright, J.P., which had been suggested b" the landscape skirting the shore of the Straits, in the direction of Abermenai, the range of Snowdonia being to the left, while the front was broken by the three rugged peaks of the "Rivals," all bathed in glorious sunlight. Mr Wainwright enumerated the chief events in the life and times of the poet, and cited the following as the sentiment which pervaded his writings — "My heart's religion is an earnest love Of all that's trood, and beautiful, and true My noblest temple is the sky above, This vast pavilion of unclouded blue. These mountains are my alters, which subdue My wildest passions in their wildest hours, My incensse—the breath of herbs, fruits, and flowers." The retarded season did not admit of much work being done by the botanists of the party, but such plants as were found were dealt with at the evening meetings, by Mr Charles Bailey, F.L.S. On Friday evening, he took as his sub- ject the plants of the natural order Cruciferae, which had been collected during the day on the Carnarvonshire and Anglesey sides off the Menai Strait. The most frequent plant met with was a dwarf form of the common scurvy-grass Cochlearia. officinalis, which was in profuse flower all along the coasts, its predominating colour being a purplish-white. Another free- flowering dwarf plant of the sanie natural order was the whitlow-grass, Erophila vulgaris, whose brilliant but diminutive white flowers made it conspicuous in the sunlight, as its habit is to grow in colonies. This plant assumes protean forms, varying considerably in the size and de- gree of inflation of its fruits, and the relation of their length to their breadth the forms of the leaves and of the other organs of the plant., and the degree of branching, formed other points of discrimination between the various members of the genus. The deceased French botanist, Monsieur Alexis Jordadn, had differentiated an enormous number of species out of a single super- species, and considerable attention was being paid to the group by British botanists, especially by the Rev E. S. Marshall, of Petworth. An- other frequefit member of the same family was met with, also in colonies, on wall-tops and! hedge-banks, especially about Llanbeblig. namely, the common bittercress, "Cardamine hirsjnta," a plant which even in this early season of the year had its fruits overtopping the upper flowers. These three plants were met. with sub- sequently on the slopes of the British camp, Dinas Dinlle, when the Club paid that earth- work a visit on the subsequent Monday. Most of the plants belonging to this natural order were characterised1 by petals arranged at right angles to each other, so as to form the I four members of a cross—hence their name of Cruciferae; they also possessed six stametns. The number of these last-named organs was used by Linnseus as the basis of his classification of flowering plants, and plants possessing six stamens constituted his sixth class—Hexandria; in Itt are found a large, number of liliaceous plants I such as hyacinths, squills, lilies, tulips, bog- "oiels, and the like, all of which made up a. comparatively natural group; but to have as- sociated with it the six-stamened) fjowters of nbaees, mustards, cresses, radishes, and wall- flowers, would have been to joia together two very dissimilar groups. The synthetical genius I of Linnaeus, therefore, seized upon the fact that in these last-named plants, the six stamens were not of equal length, four being long and twtr short, and from this circumstance, he named tlr? group Tetradynamia — the power of four. This group constitutes his sixteenth class, and it corresponds very nearly to the natural Cruciferae. Although the order is very neatJy characterised by the oreans named, systemalists are, by no means, agreed as to the sequenoe which should be observed in arranging the genera. in the linear series. Broadly speaking, the order furnishes ¡. two kinds of fruits—one with a pod, Or siliqua, in whioh the length greatly exceeds the breadth, as in the fruiits of the waJlflower, cabbage, and stocks; and the other with a shorter pod, or I silicle, in whioh the length does not exceed four timels the breadth, as in the fraits of the shep- herd's-purse, whitlow-grass, andi scurvy-grass. Sometimes the fruits are broken up into bead-like divisions, as in the radish. Each of these groups determined by the positions assumed by the radicle and cotyledons in the seed, but alto- ""ther. the existing marshelling is not a very successful arrangement. On Saturday evening, attention was given to the geological character of the neighbourhood. From the botanical side, it was seen that the I country round. Carnarvon was not. specially rich in the variety of its flora., on account of the na- ture of its surface soil; the underlying rocks were amongst the oldest of the sedimentary de- posits of the British Islands, whilst the granites and other igneous rocks were protruded in masses all over the area. But the district had one special feature which made it pre-eminent 'over most parts of Great. Britain, namely, the wonderful variety of its brambles, which seem to have a special partiality for the slate rocks. No less than sixty different brambles are recorded for the county in the "Flora" compiled a few years ago by Mr John E. Griffith, F.L.S., F.R.A.S., of Bangor, three-fourths of this num- ber being due to his personal researches. One form, the Rubus Griffithii, growing between Bangor and Carnarvon, and also on Anglesey, has had the discoverer's name conferred upon it by our leading British batologist.^ the Rev W. Moyle Rogers, F.L.S. It was a disappointment to the Club that Mr Griffith was not able to meet the members during their visit to the district. Comparatively few representatives of the lime- stone-loving vegetation were found about Car- narvon itself, but they are present in abundance at the opposite end of the county on the Great and Little Orme's Heads. There is, however, a thin strip of limestone running along both sides of the Menai Straits, but the only two ) special limestone plants collected were the sea storks-bill. Erodium maritimum. found in the short sandy turf of Carnarvon Bay, and the bulbous-rooted saxifrage, saxifraga granulata., found on the slopes of Dinas Dinlle on Monday morning. Doubtless, many other representa- tive limestone plants occur later in the year, such as the rock cistus, dropwort, mountain St. John's—wort, etc. On Monday afternoon, a -visit was paid to .the great slate quarries at Nantlle, which, though not so extensive as those at Penrhyn. are more picturesque. The great slate industry of the district is everywhere ap-narent; in huge refuge heaps round the quarries, in the railway and sea traffic, in the materials for building and flagring. and even for the styles and. fences. In the regretted absence of the president of the Club, Mr Mark Stirrup, F.G.S.. Mr Bailey ven- tured to give a short account of the slate rocks which form the basis of this extensive industry. ¡ Slates are derived from almost the lowest series of the sedimentary rocks—the Cambrian. Under- lying them, however, is a still older series—the pre-Cambrian or archaen, which have retained their position more rigidlv than the beds which overtie them. In the cooling of the earth's crust, and in the settling of that crust after the pro- trusion of the granites, trap, and other igneous rocks, the sedimentary beds have been subject to much stress and strain in this process, the I slate rocks have been thrust against the more sturdy pre-Cambrian rocks from a south-eastern direction, with the result that where the pres- sure has been greatest., the beds have been crumpied into numerous folds and contortions. The peculiar susceptibility to cleavage in those slate rocks is believed to be an effect of the en- ormous and long-continued pressure to which they have been subject: had this pressure not been exerted, the rock could not have been broken up into the thin plates which are so use- t ful for roofing purposes. The direction of the plane of cleavage is parallel to the axis of the large folds into which the slate rocks have been, thrust, their microscopic structure showing that their ultimate particles lie with their flat sur- faces perpendicular to the direction in which the pressure was exerted. There are also certain chemical differences amongst the tslaite rocks which probably explain why some kinds of slate possess longer wearin.g- qualities than others., as well as the differences in their prevailing I colours. The cleavage of slate into thin plates is mhre readily effected soon after quarrying, and the longer it is exposed to the acfion of the weather, the more difficult the splitting process becomes. The materials from which the slate rocks have been derived were the silica and ¡ allumina of ordinary clav, brought down by the rivers of some continent which probably existed towards the north-west, and whose place is oc- cupied by the existing ocean. The weather was somewhat broken and stormy, leavened with intervals of considerable sunshine and warmth. The hills were all covered with enow when the party reached Carnarvon, but the warmer temperature and occasional rain daily decreased the visible masses of snow, and! by Tuesday morning, when the members left. the hill scenery had completely changed. There were at least two gorgeous sunsets during the week. and several very rough tides. The water of the Menai Straits was constantly changing, and the channel was more blocked by sandbanks than many of the members expected to see. Mr J. E. Griffith mentions in his "Flora of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire," a peculiarity of the 0 tides in the Strait. It is subject to the influences of ¡ two tides, both starting from the west, one passes round Holyhead, and the other through the Menai Straits, and as the former has to travel over a longer course than the latter, the flow is more than an hour earlier at Carnarvon, both tides meeting at Gallows Point. The con- figuration of this part of the coast causes the tide fifom the main sea. to be pouring into the Strait at Carnarvon, while it is ebbing out of it at Beaumaris, and the tnde continues to fall at Carnarvon after the direction of the current is changed. The. converse of this also takes place, for the ebb commences at Carnarvon be- fore it is high water at Beaumaris, and with the change in the direction of the current, the water continues to rise at Menai Bridge for a considerable time after it has begun to ebb at Carnarvon.
NORTH WALES MEDICALS-I ASSOCIATION.
NORTH WALES MEDICALS- I ASSOCIATION. The spring intermediate meeting of the North Wales branch of the British Medical Association was held at Wrexham on Thursday, Dr G. R. Griffith (Carnarvon) presiding. On the motion of the president, seconded by Dr J. Lloyd Ro- berts (Colwyn Bay), a resolution was adopted expressing regret at the death of Queen Victoria, and condolence with the King and and the Royal Family. Dr S. Edwards Jones (Bangor- isycoed) was elected a member of the branoh. Dr T. R. Bradshaw (Liverpool) explained the report of the Constitution Committee, and a resolution was passed approving the main prin- ciples of the report, and the holding of meetings to discuss the report in detail at Bangor (for members residing in Carnarvonshire and Angle- sey), at Barmouth (for members residing in Mer- ionethshira and Montgomeryshire), and at Wrexham (for those residing in Denbighshire and Flintshire), these sub-district meetings to report to the annual meeting. Interesting papers were read by Dr J. Evans, Carnarvon; Dr G. P. N ewbolt, Liverpool; Dr W. Thelwall Thomas, Liverpool; and Dr T. R. Bradshaw, Liverpool.
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CHEAP PRINTING at the *'H< raid" Office. MPOWANT TO ADVERTISERS. LARGEST CIRCULATION IN WALES. CONTINUED SUCCESS C, "YR HERALD CYMRAEG- INCRKASK 260,000 A NEW CERTIFICATE. The Proprietor of M Yr Herald Cytnraeg," Ae Oldest. Largest, Cheapest, and Best 01 the Welsh Newspapers, has much pleMure in calling attention to the continuous and' onparaUoled toooess of this old-est&biiehed favourite. For a number of years, no effort or expeose has been spared to Improve" Yr Herald! Cymraeg." It has been several timee en- larged. The quality of the paper has been improved, and the very best printing appli. | ances have been secured. Concurrently, the news and literary oolamna have been ren. dered more and more fresh, varied, aut. interesting to all classes of the public. As will be seen from the Certificate pub- lished below, the public has been neither slow nor fickle in responding to the Si-ter- griso of the oonductorB. Business men have long appreciated the merits of h Yr Herald Cymraeg" as t medium for Advertisements. At tht present lime, it stands higner in the estimation of the Advertising World than ever. Bit i view of the continuously increasing circula- tion of the paper, the Proprietor confidently anticipates a large increase of patronage œ, the ocming months. Notwithstanding the advancing ciroula- lion, the Scale of Charges will not be raised (*ering the present year. Those who desire contracts for spaces and special positions fos, periods should therefore apply onoe i the Manager. CERTIFICATE. 9 and 11. Old Bank Buildings, Nastgate, Chester, September 30th, 1896, To the Proprietor of Yr Herald Cymraeg,' Carnarvon. Dear Sir, "I beg to eertify that the circulation at Yr Herald Cymraeg,' as shewn t.'J the publishing books tor the last ocn^ucted year of my audit (viz., year ended 30th June, ),898), as compared with the feu ended 30th June, 1889, shows an "INCREASE OF 235,984 "copies in the 52 weeks, or an average increase of -4-,53B copies per week. HI have regularly audited the bocks at Yr Herald Cymraeg' since the y6ft.! 1893. The circulation has been U A CONTINUOUSLY IMPROVING ONE, "and this improvement is very marked aft the present time. In fact, if the comparison were ms-de tor the last quarter (ending 50th September. 1898) with the corresponding quarter of ■ 1889 (ending 30th September, 1689), it would shew an AVERAGE INCREASE at the rate of •MORE THAN 260,000 4 copies per annum. Tours faithfully, » K. NOEL HUMPHREYS, nhsTtnrnff Useocfcwn* PWYSIG I HYSBYSEBWYR. Y CYLCHREDtAD MVcYAF YN NGHYMRU. LLWYDD PARHAOL "YR HERALD CYMRAEG," CYNNYDD, 260,000. TYSTYSGRIF NEWYDD. Hyfryd iawn gan Berchenog Yr Hcralll Cymraeg"—yr Hynaf, Mwyaf, Rhbtaf, a Gor&f o'r newyddiaduron Cymreig—ydyw galw Bylw at lwydd c-yanyddol a dilxafal j papyr tra phoblogaidd nwn. Am gwrs o flynyddau, nid ydys wecu arbei nathraul na thrafferth i wella x"r Herald Cym: aeg" Helaethwyd ef amryw droion. Argtt puir ef ar well papyr; ac v inae yr. holl beiriancau o'r mathau diweddarai. Yn ^ydfynedol, yr ydys wedi trefnu i'r cynnwy* —v newyddion, y nofelau, a'r erthyglaU-J fod o flwyddyn bwy gilydd yn fwy Sres.ae aixry wiol; ac felly yn fwy dydaorol I r cyhoedd'o bob gradd a dosparth. Dengys y Dystysgiif a welir iso? nad ydyw'r cyhoedd wedi bod yn hwyrf^ydig nae yn anwadal yn ei chefnogaeth i'r amnriaeth. Er's hir amaer, y mae swyd io.iion eye hoeddus a masnachwyr Cymru wedi £ werth< fawrogi colofnau Yr Herald Cymraeg fef cyfryngau campus i Hysbysiadau. Eleni sail" Yr Herald yn uwcti nag erioed yrs m&rn y wlad. Eto, wrth ystyried v cynDydd parhaol yn y cylchrediad, mae'r tcrcDeno^ yn hvderus ddisgwyl ychwanegiad dirfawz yn niier yr Hybbysuuiau yn y misoedd dy fodol. Er fed y cylchrediad yn yme&ngu, m wneii codiad yn y Prisiau am Hysbysiadau yn yttod y fluryddyn hon. Rhydd hyn fantais i'n hen gwsmeriaid ao ereill a ddymunent wneyd cytocdebau are benig a.m ofod, ac am fanau neillduol am hit I aroser, i wiieyd bargeinion tuauteisioL Gwahoddir hwynt i ymohebu a r swyddfa yn ddioed. TYSTYSGRIF (CYFIEITHIAD). 9 a 11, Old Bank Buildings, Eastgate, Caerlleon, Medi 30ain, 1898. At Berchenog yr Herald Cymraeg.' Caer- narfon. Anwyl Syr, Dymunaf sicrhau fod cylchrediad Yr Herald Cymraeg' fel y dangosir gau lyfrau cyfrifon y cyhoeddwr am y flwydctyt ddi- weddaf o'm barchwilia.d (sef y flwyddyn yn diweddu Mehefin 30ain, 1898) 0'1 grmhawi a'r flwyddyn yn terfynu Mehefis 30ain, 1889, yn dangos "CYNNYDD o 235,984 o gopiau yn y 52 wythnos, neu, ar gvlartal* "edd, gynnydd o 4:538 o gepau yr wythnos. II Mae'r cylchrediad yn myned "AR GYNNYDD PARHAUS, ac y mae T cynnydd hwn yn dra atniwg yn yr amser presennol. Mewn gwirionedd, pe gwneid cymhtt- iaeth rhwng y chwarter diweddaf (yn cJi. "weddu Medi 30ain, 1898) a'r chwartee "cyferbyniol yn 1889 (yn diweddu Medi 30ain, 1889) fe ddangosai GYNNYDD r-r. GYFARTALEDD yn 01 j radd o "FWY na seaooo ;1 c gopiau y flwyddyn. Yr eiddoch yn ffyddlos, ••E, SOEL EUMPERSYS, Trwyddedot