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ESTABLISHED 1837. WILLIAM HUGHES AND SON, "THE OLD PORK SHOP," "WILLIAM HUGHES & SON beg to inform the public generally that theyhave purchased horse power Otto Sileut Gas Engine.' and a Gardener's Simplex Silent Sausage Machine," which they have placed in the Shop, where customers an see the quality of the Meat used, and the chopping of same. This will prove a novelty, ii d will ensure the pi.ritj and excellence of 'bp Meat used. COME AND SEE THEM MADE. E V E R Y B 0 D Y TRY THEIR CELEBRATED SAUSAOES! FHESH EVERY 259 & 281 HIGH-STREET, BANGOR. 57 a D A )IEGETABL -ro,IC ulzDocK t oq nNs jt"c ILITI Is cH o -s ivc.R c,- Rvcl ..Fl Nr, RF-COMMENDED BY DOCTORS CHEMIST S 5 Ut TABLE FOR SPRING. SUMMER, AUTUMN & WtNTER. THIS preparation is now extensively taken throughout -i- the country by pntients suffering from debility, ner- vousness, and general exhaustion, and if any value be attached to human testimony, the efficacy of this medicine has been successfully established. Its claims have been tested and proved by the medical profession and others. and corroborated by the written testimonials of eminent men. The Qllinine Bitters contain not only a suitable quantity of Quinine in each dose, but the active principles of the following well-known herbs—sarapariua. saffron, gentian, lavender, dandelion, and burdock. The use of Quinine is well-known, but it has never been satisfactorily combined with these preparations, until, after overcoming considerable difficulties, the Proprietor was able to secnre a perf ctl uniform preparation, combining all the essen- tial f, ope ies of tli''above plants in their greatest purity and c nee rration. It is now established as a family medtc t e, is increasing in popular favour the more it is kno\ n a id tested. Gwilyni Evans's Quinine Bitters is a toi ic I- Pick-me-up," scientifically mixed in happy propori ons n GWIL YM EVANS' QUIXIXE BIT TEES, Being a vegetable I'i-k-ine-up," is strongly recom- mended for nervous diseases, such as undue anxiety, despondency, fainting tits, neuralgia, and nerve pains generally. Has been taken with gieat permanent results for INDIGESTION IN ITS DIFFERENT FORMS such as sick head-ache, heartburn, cramp, flatulency, sense of fulness and oppresiou after eating, drowsiness, and pains in the reg-ion of the heart. Has successfully treated (after all known preparations had failed) severe cases of affections of the chest, such as common colds, bronchitis, asthmatic colrs, shortness of breath, spitting of blood, &c. Mr Gwilym Evans can supply by post the names of patients in almost every district in Wales and West of England, who have tried his Quinine Hitters, and who are glad at any time to give full particulars of the benefits they have themselves received. Be not persuaded to try any other preparation, as there are numerous imitators of all genuine and success- ful medicine. NOTE.-Thc name GWII.YM EVANS, F.C.S., M.P.S., on Stamp and Label. Sold by all Chemists in 2s !)d and 4s Gd Bottles, and Cases containing three 4s 6d Bottles, at 1:2s 6d per Case or from the Proprietor, 4s Gd bottles and 12s 6d Cases carriage free Parcels Posts, under cover. ■i ^qprietor. Ar", 6WI LYiV) EVANS. L 'Vio;! );' V í-. 'l;j CLASS AVVARD is jj IF YOU WANT A COOD PUHO ]j j. G0 1() -——- CRANE <V SONS pay special attention to the Easy payment System, and have sold thou- sands of instruments throughout the country on these acUantaaceous terms. Th-; prices they charge on the Easy Payment System are, in most cases, consid- erably less than the prices asked for net cash by other houses for inferior intstruments. CRANE & SONS buy for prompt cash. saving Discounts, and therefore, offer to the Public Intru- m-nts in many cases, Cheaper than ordinary dealers have to pay for them, who sell perhaps one instru- ment in i week, and consequently must get as much profit on that one as Crane & Sons expect on Three Instruments. CRANE & SONS challenge this assertion, and will pay the Railway Fare of any person coming to Liver- pool, providing same does not exceed 5 per cent of the perchase money, This is a fair offer. One of the many Testimonials spontaneously sent to Crane & Sons; — Carnarvon, North Wales. August, 1883. GENTLEMEN,— I cannot help expressing my great satisfaction with the Instrument you have sent me The sweetness and power of tone is always what has wn wanted by me.—I am youis truly, De THOS EVANS. To Crane & Sons, Liverpool. 1001 [Organ s &h armoni u ms ARE THE BEST & CHEAPEST EVER • V* • OFFERED TO THE PU3LiC_} j •PRICES WILL ASTONISH • | THE TRADE • !I ;I II .-4" '.1 j FOR SALE OR HI RE J f" 2— fromlO/ monthly — j SENT TO ALL PARTS or tse KINGDOM | VALRANR.F, Discovrrnr roil TIIIO HAfIL-lf your hair is turniisg crrey or white, or f.diir.g off. use "ThA Mexican Hair Jt-newer." for it v;U j,cJ.¡llrcly restore in every case Grey or White lei I' to its original colour, without: leaving the dL-agreeable smell of most "Restorers." it makes the hairchariningly beautiful, as weil as promoting the growth of the hair on bald spots, where the "Lends are not decayed. Ask your Chemist for "THR MEXICAN HAIR KK.XKIVKI; "sold by Chemists arcl Perfumers ev. ry wl-.ere at os. »Jd. per Bottle. Wholesale Opoot removed to 33, Farringdoo Road, Loi.dou. Sale by Messrs 1). Roberts <]• Son. MESSRS D. ROBERTS AND SON are favoured w ith the instructions of T. LL. HOBKRTS, Esq. (who has given up Garthgynan), to SELL BY AUCTION on the premises at GARTHGYNAN, NEAR RUTHIN, On TCESDAY, FEBRUARY 17th, 1885, and WKDXESDAY. the 18th. if necessary, a grand herd of Dairy Cows, Fat and Storu- Cattle, 15 powerful Wagon Horses. Colts, Harness Mares, and Mountain Ponies. 140 Fat and Store Shropshire Sheep, 89 Fat and Store Welsh Sheep, Fat Sow, 8 Porkers, a large collection of Modern Farm Im- plements, Two-Wheel Trap and Harness, Dairy Requi- sites, and part of the Household Furniture. Catalogues may be had seven day prior to the Sale at t he Hot eb in the neighbourhood, and from the Auctioneers, Temple Buildings, Corwen. PRELIMINARY ANNOUNCEMENT. HOLYHEAD. IMPORTANT TO SHIPOWNERS, SHIP CHANDLERS, BLOCKMAKERS AND OTHERS. MR W. RIVA has been instructed.by the representatives of the late Captain R. R. Jones, Lloyd's Agent, to SELL BY ALCTION, early in March, the whole of the Plant and Stock in Trade of a Shipbuilder, Blockmaker, and Shipchaudler, at the Salt Island Yard, and at Bath-street, Waterside, Holyhead, con- sisting of Pitchpine and other Balks, Planks, Blocks, Sails, Ropes, Anchors, Chains, Five Boats, Oakum, Tar, Pitch, Varnish, &r. Further and full particulars in future advertisements. Stanley-st.. Holyhead, February 3rd, 1885. SALES BY AUCTION OF HOUSEHOLD FURNITURF, LIBRARIES, PAINTINGS, ENGRAVINGS PLATE, &c. IN-DOOR AND OUT-DOOR EFFECTS, FARM PRODUCE, LIVE AND DEAD STOCK, &c., Personally conducted with guaranteed satisfaction, in all parts of the country, on moderate terms, with IMMEDIATE settlements, By W. WATON ROBINSON, HOUSE AND ESTATE AGENT AUCTIONEER AND VALUER, 264, HIGH-STREET, BANGOR Instructions for the above respectfully solicited 25G MR. E. WILLIAMS, PUBLIC ACCOUNTANT, AUDITOR, A'-r., BRUNSWICK CHAMBERS, CARNARVON. Agent to the Liverpool, London, and Globe Insur- aneeCo., The Guarantee Society, Joe, allI^vrXATK?, ADKES^KS- :t'lrl laminating in ail Lranches, promptly and efficiently executed. JIICHJiST REFEJIEXCES AND STIHO.JIALP. NEW PATENTS FOR BRICKMAKIXG AND BRICKPRESSING MACHINES. WILLIAM JOHNSON invites attention to his Patent Lever Steam Brick- pressing Machine which, with two boys, will press 10,000 bricks per day equal to best handwork Also his Patent Brick-uaaking Machine, which will make 10,000 semi-plastic bricks per day ready for kiln, at much less cost in wear and tear and labour than any other machine made. OFFICE-QUEEN'S-ROAD, LEEDS. A. W. MERRIDEW, FliOJI COVENTRY, WATCH MANUFACTURER, GOLDSMITH AND JEWELLER, 9, BRIDGE STREET, CARNARVON, DESIRES to inform the Xobilify, Gentry, Clergy, and the Public generally of Carnarvon and the District, that he has Opened a Placs of Business at the above address. He has a large and well-selected Stock of WATCHES, GOLD AND SILVER GUARD AND ALBERT CHAINS, BROOCHES, LOCKETS, EAR-RINGS, SCARF PINS SIGNET AND JEM RINGS, JET GOODS IN GREAT VARIETY, &c., &c. Old Jewellery Converted and Re-gilt equal to new, Bicycle and Tricycle Manufacturer, for SALE and HIRE. All Goods Manufactured and Repaired on the Premises under A. W. M.'s personal superintendence. The Cheapest House in North Wales, and the largest and best selection. A Written Guarantee given with every article purchased at this Establishment, if required. NORTH WALES OBSERVER & EXPRESS. ESTABLISHED 1877. HIGH-CLASS FAMILY" PAPER, OF 48 COLUMNS. PRICE ONE PENNY. GUARANTEED THE LARGEST < IRCU- LATION OF ANY ENGLISH PAPER PUBLISHED IN NORTH WALES. PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY EVENING AND FRIDAY MORNING. HxYVIXG admittedly the largest and most influ- HxYVIXG admittedly the largest and most influ- ential circulation among the Gentry, Clergy, Farmers. Tradesmen, and all classes of the Com- munity in Anglesey, Carnarvonshire, Denbigh- shire, Flintshire, and part of Merionethshire, and among Welshmen in London, Liverpool, Chester, eCC. IT IS UNEQUALLED AS AN ADVERTISING MEDIUM for communicating with the Public for Agricul- turists, Architects, Auctioneers, Builders Contractors. Engineers. Estate Agents, Hotels. Insurance Offices, Lost, Found. Strayed, or Stolen, Manufacturers, Merchants, Parliamentary Agents] Poor Law Unions, Publishers, Prospectuses, Railway Companies, Schools, Servants, Share- brokers, Solicitors. Surveyors, Timber Merchants. Town Councils, Local Boards, and other Public Bodies, Wholesale and Retail Vendors, Wants: Situations, Service, etc. THE NORTH WALE, OBSERVER AND EXPRESS contains all the IJ ,1. District, and General News of the Week, with all the latest news up to time of going to press. Fioui a liteiaiy point of view, it is l'^co^nised on ali hands as the leading organ of Public Op- inion. Its Literary Contents comprise Articles on the most important Topic of the Day, a varied collection of General News, and useful Essays on Social Subjects and numerous Literary Ex- tracts, Facetu:, LtC. It includes among its sub- scribers the nobility, gentry, clergy, and educated classes of society. Its literary articles cause it to be read with pleasure by the elite of society, while its price places it within the reach of the masses, and thus IT HOLDS A POSITION UN- RIVALLED IN NORTH WALES. Terms of Subscription Paid in advance: If forwarded by Post, One Year, 1)8, M. half-year 3s. 3d.; One Quarter, Is. 8d. Foreign Postage extra. Delivered by Messenger:—One Year 4e. 4d.; Half-year, 2s. 2d.; One Quarter, Is. ld. Letters on business and Money Orders to be made payable to D. EDWARDS, Observer and Express Office, Bangor. All communications intended for publication should be addressed to the EDITOR, Observer awl Express, Bangor. The following are a few of the Principal Agents :— Abergele—Robert. Jones, Visitor Office Ami wch-D Jones, Stamp Office H Hushes, Stationer Blaenau Efestinog—Ellis Roberts, 14, High-street Bangor—H umphrcys & Parry M iss Davies E Williams J Meudus Jones W H Smith & Son Miss Roberts Nixon & Jarvis it Roberts, Garth lietbesda-Joliti Jones R Owea W Griffith. 3, Ogwen-terrace Beaumaris—.Miss Roberts Carnarvon—D W Davies, Bridge-street Mrs Jones, Pool-street William Griffiths. Pool-street J R Edwards, High-street W II Smith & Son W B Tomkinson, Cefn Hendre J C Rowlands, Castle-square Conway-O Evans R E Jones Col wyn Bay—Owen Evans W Williams, Oakfield House Criccieth-J W Bowen Chester—W II Smith Son Corwen—Mary Edwards, Stationer Deubigh- W'U Smith & Son W A Nott Dolgelley—E Ylltyr Williams Ebenezer—Tiios Thomas (Glan Padarn), Holvhead—Mrs Williams, Boston House J Simpson, 34, Thomas-street W H Smith & Son J G Hughes, Market-street Holywell—J Kerfoot Evans Liverpool—Messrs Foulkes, Printers, Dale-street R 0 Roberts, 40, Old Hall-street T Lloyd. 5-2. Evertou-road James Woollanl, o2. Castle-street Mrs Parry, Heyworth-street. Everton. London—J W Rayner, Devereaux Court, Essex-street. Strand Llandudno Junction—W II Smith & Son Llanfairffechan—R Roberts, Post Otlice Llandudno—Mrs Andrews Llanrwst—Evan Evans, 3, Watling-street Llangefni—Nixon & Jarvis I':> Mrs Williams Llanerchvmedd—Misses Jones LIanberis—EHis Jones, 2, Manchester House Menai Bridge —G \Y illi-uns, Post Office W II Smith it Son Mold—Tiiomns Yoike Mr Morris Kantile-D:1Yld Thomas Pwllheli—Koh'-rt Owen. Printer UilMM't Robots Penvgroes — Griffith Lewis Porfuiad <c — E. Jones, Printer, Post Office D Lloyd R G Humphreys l'enmacnmawr- VV 0 Thomas Moses Jones W II Smith &. Son ['ortdinorwic—f Roberts Rhyl—D Trehearne, Wellington Chamber S Berringtou, 27, High-street gnthin-Charles Aldrich Mrs W illiains, Printer Row, Chemist St Asaph—W William Evans BANGOR CATHEDRAL. THERE is a vacancy for a Lay Clerk (Alto). Services -L not numerous. Salary about i240 per annum. Ap- plications with testimonials to be sent to R. LLOtfD JAMES, Chapter Clerk, Bangor. BANGOR CHORAL UNION. DR. EOGEUS, CONDUCTOR. A SUFFICIENTLY large number of names having been A receive 1 in response to the circular issued by the provisional committee, it has been unanimously decided that a Society 'be formed under the above title. Names of intending members should be sent as under, not later than Saturday, the 14th inst. Sopranos and Altos to Dr Roland Rogers. Tenors to Mr E. W, Thomas, Plasllwyd-terrace. Basses to Mr. J. Richards (Isalaw), Ambrose-st. It is hoped that the first meeting (time and place of which will be duly intimated to members) may be held on Monday, the 9th inst. REYNOLDS' GOUT SPECIFIC, he Oldest, Safest, and most Effectual Remedy. REYNOLDS' G OUT SPECIFIC, FOR GOUT] REYNOLDS' GOUT gPECIFIG FOR RHEUMATISM. p) £ YNOLDS' QOUT gPECIFJC, FOR SCIATICA. REYNOLDS' LJ OUT SPECIFIC, FOR LUMBAGO. Pt EYNOLDS' G OUT SPECIFIC, FOR ALL NEURALGIC COMPLAINS. DR. BREWSTER (for many years one of the leading physicians in Paris) writes:—"I have prescriced REYNOLDS' GOUT SPECIFIC in all cases of Rheumatic Affections, and find it an infallible Remedy. I have always had great pleasure in reccommending it, and consider it'a afc and invaluable Medicine." j-^EYNOLDS' QOUT SPECIFIC, ESTABLISHED 70 YEARS. Sold in Bottles, 2s :hl, and 4s Cd, by Messrs Barclay and sou, 5, Farrington-street, E.C., and all chemists. ALD BOOKS FOR THE MILLION. \J CARRIAGE FREE. An Introduction to the Critical Study and Know- ledge of the Holy Scriptures, by Thomas H Horn, M A. Half hound, clean, 4 volumes, large 8vo, published at 4Ss, only 6s (id Dr Rees' Cyclopaedia, Arts, Sciences and Literature, -1: volumes, half bound, good as new, complete, cost £ 1 ;'J0, only £ 3 1 -Is 0d Dr Dodridge's Family Expositer, G volumes, large Svo. duth, dean, published at 72s, only 7s Scotts' Commentary Old and New Testament, 6 volumes, folio, cloth, clean, published at £i, only 20s Liturgies and Forms of Prayer, set forth iu the reign of Queen Elizabeth, Parker Society, 2s Portus's Sermons, o volumes, full bound in calf, clean 4s (id Bp. Jewel's Sermons, Parker Society, large paper, 2s The Ecclesiastical Polity of the New Testament, un- folded by the Rev Dr Davison, new book, published at 5s, only Is (jd The Cattle Plague, with Official Reports of thelnterna- tional Veterinary Congresses, by John Gaingee, cloth, good as new, published at 21s, only 3s Mant's Bible Notes, Explanatory and Practical, Old and New Testament, fine tinted plates—Apocrypha and a Compedious View of the Jewish History, during two periods, the events of which are not recorded in the Bible or the Apocrypha, 3 volumes, full bound in calf. good as new, published at ES, only 2Js Garnott on the Book of Job, full bound in calf, clean, 4to. 2s Gd Sins and Wretchedness of Christendom Sermons by Rev W B Smith, new book, price 5s, only Is Typographical Dictionary of Great Britain and Ireland, 3 large volumes, thick 8vo, published at X3, only ?^|The British Essayist, with Prefaces Historical and Biographical, by Alexander Chamers, 44 volumes, half bound, clean, published at £ 11, only 20s Narrative of a Journey Round the World, by Sir George Simpson, 2 volumes, 8vo, cloth, clean, pub- lished at 24s, only 3s (id Ecce Messias or the Hebrew Messianic Hope and Christian Reality, by Edward Higginson, new book, published at 12s, only 2s Moshein's Ecclesiastical History, Ancient and Modem, (j volumes, half bound, clean, published at £3, only Gs lid Natioual and Domestic Hi story of England, Political and Diplomatic Events, 33 parts at 2s each. Complete with hundreds of Steel and Wood Engravings, quite new, cost P,3 I;s, ",¡ly 12s 6d Animal and V.' ;tabli Physiology considered with reference to Natural Theology, by Roger, M D, 2 volumes, cloth, clean, publisue at 24s, only 3s Gd liev Thomas Scott's Works, with Occasional Observa- tions. by the Rjv John Scott, 12 volumes, full bound in calf, good as new, published at £ï, and the binding cost 72s. Complete, only 14s Rev Alexander Fletcher's Family Devotion, a Hymn, a Portion of Scripture with reflections, and a Prayer for the Morning and Evening of every Day in the Year, with loFine Steel Plates, large 4to, published at X2 10s, only 5s lid Gazettere of the World, a Dictionary of Geographical Knowledge, 23 parts at os each, new work with Maps, Plates, &c.. cost £ 5 15s, only 10s Lectures, chiefly Clinical, by Thomas K. Chambers, tli ick Svo. cloth, published at 1,3s, only 2s Fulke's Defence of Translations of the Bible, Parker Society. 2s Dr Watson, Bishop of Llanrlaff, Theological Tracts, in G volumes, full bound in calf, large Svo, only Gs (id Batchelou.- (G R) of the State of Europe, xiii Books, containing the Historic and Relations of the many Provinces Hereof, continued out of approved Authors, folio, Coat of Arms on covers, only (is, Oxford, 1G27 The Coming of the Messiah, the True Key to the Right Understanding of the Most Difficult Passage? in the New Testament, 8vo, half bound, good as new, 2s 5ll Rev Phillip Skeleton's Sermons, (i volumes, half bound, clean, published at £ 2 12s, only Gs A Journey Round the Dead Sea, and in the bible Lands, by Edward Warren, 2 volumes, large Svo, cloth, clean, published at 24s, only 3s (id Horae Decanica; Rurales, the Origin, Appointment, and Functions, Personal and Capitular, of Rural Deans, by W. Densey, M A, 2 volumes, cloth, clean, published at 3 >s, only 4s Au Exposition of the New Testament, intended as an Introduction to the Study of the Scriptures, by pointing out the Leading Sens- and Connection of the Sacred Writers, by W. Gilpin, 4to. 4s Gd Mitttord s History of Greece, in 8 volumes, clean, published at f4 lOs, only 7s The Charges of Samuel Horsley, Bishop of St Asaph, delivered at his several visitations, cloth, new book, published at 7s Gd. only Is Gd The Church, an Explanation of the Meaning contained in the Bibfe. showing the Ancient, Continued, and Pre- vailing Error of Man, by William Atkinson, 2 volumes, cloth, as good as new, published at 24s, only 3s 6d A Practical Exposition of the Gospel according to St Mark, in the form of Lecturts, by John Sumner, D D, clean, Svo, Is (id The Church under the Tudors, with an Introductory Chapter on the Origin of the Connection between Church and State, by D. Donlop, M R I A,new book, small Svo, published at 3s (;d, only Is Life aud Society in America, by Samuel Phillips Day, 2 volumes in one, new book, published at 15s, illustrated, only is Bible Plants, their History, with a Review of the Opinions of Various Writers, regarding their Identifica- tion, published at 2s (id, only Ud, new book A Course of Sermons on the Creed of Pope Pins IV., by fourteen Clergymen of the Church of England, with Copious Notes and Appendices, published at 14s., only 2s A Paraphrase and Annotations on all the Books of the New Testament, briefly explaining all the difficult places thereof, by H llammon, D D, folio, full bound, clean, only os. The Pictorial Bible, Old and New Testament, many hundred Woodcuts, full bound, calf, clean, 3 volumes, thick 4to, cost £ 4, only 12s. P.O.O. payable to ROBERT FOSTER, MARKET HALL, BANGOR. All Books sent Carriage Free. Old Books bought or taken in exchange. Stamps taken. TO BUILDERS. TENDERS are required for Alterations of and JL Additions to PENRHYN FLOUR MILLS, near Bangor, for Mr Thomas Lewis, Market-place, Bangor. PLANS and SPECIFICATION may be seen at the Office of the Architect, by whom TENDERS will be received at or before 10 o'clock, on Friday, the 13th instant. The lowest or any tender not necessarily accepted. RICHARD DA VIES, Bangor, Feb. 5th, 18S5. Architect. TO ADVERTISERS. We beg to draw the attention of adver- tisers generally to the facilities afforded by the NORTH WALES OBSERVER AND EXPRESS for giving publicity to adver- tisements. The circulation of the OB- SERVER AND EXPRESS is larger than that of any other English paper published w North Wales. For the publication of announcements requiring to be brought before the eyes of the upper or middle classes there is not in North Wales a better medium than the OBSERVER AND EXPRESS. Advertisements intended for insertion in THE NORTH WALES OBSERVER AND EXPRESS can be received at the Bangor Qgicel York Place, up to the hour of Ptth- lication, and at the Carnarvon Office, New Harbour, up to 12 noon on Thursday. All communications intended for inser- tion must be add-ressed-Editor, OBSER- VER AND EXPRESS, Bangor. All [business letters to be directed, an remittances made payable, to D. Edwards, OBSERVER AND EXPRESS Office, Baiijor. THE NORTH WALES OBSERVER & EXPRESS may be had in London at ^the E sta blishm nen t of MR J. W. RAYNER, DEVEREAUX COURT, ESSEX STREET, STRAND. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTIONS PAID IN ADVANCE Forwarded by Post,—One Year, Gs. Gd.; Half-year, 3s. 3d; One Quarter, Is. 7 åil. j Foreign Postage extra. Delivered by Messenger:—One Year, 4s.. 4d, ;Half year 2s. 2d. One Quarter, Is. Id.
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 6TH, 1885.…
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 6TH, 1885. SIR WILLIAM THOMSON AT THE NORTH WALES COLLEGE. THE University College of North Wales was on Monday the scene of an opening ceremony which, if lacking the imposing dimensions of that of October last, had in it something of special interest to the people of Wales on one iiand and to the scientific world on the other. Sir William Thomson's address must bring horne to the Welsh people, with all the force of the words of the most distinguished physical philosopher of the present age, the importance of experimental scientific work as a means not only of educating the eye, the hand, and the mind to accurately observe the most minute and varied appearances, to perform the most difficult and refined operations, and handle the mo;tt delicate instruments, and to correctly describe and classify results and reason out the con,clusions bound up in them, but of developing the qualities of patience and perseverance in the face of difficulties and disappointments, and a love of pure abstract truth for its own sake,and zeal and diligence in its pursuit. These are in themselves no slight advantages to be derived from sci mtific study pursued in a well ap- poixitcd -!id well conducted laboratory, and if only on this ground the necessity of providing the means for such study must be fully recog- nised in any institution which aims at supplying the higher education. Even in the great secondary schools in England this is, though tarc.ily, being done and the time will soon conIc when every school of any pretensions to completeness of equipment will have in connec- tion with it laboratories where training of this invaluable kind can be obtained at an age when in many respects, if not in all, the students are more likely to derive benefit from it. When this has come to pass students, in- stead of coming up to College or University en- tirely unprepared in scientific subjects, will be able to understand andappreciate both class and laboratory teaching of a more advanced nature thai i that with which it is at present necessary to begin, and, as observers quick of eye and deli cate of hand, to render with profit to them- selves efficient help in the scientific research in ■"which their professors are engaged. B'Ut the actual tangible benefits which have gon e directly forth to the world from scientific laboratories are incalculable. We owe the e)eo trie telegraph to the patient labours of Gulvani, Volta, Oersted, Ampere and otlurs whe. worked on improving electrical theory untiil the time came for its application the economical production of electric light and power, and the electric transmission of energy are. due to the laborious and patient investiga- tions of Faraday and of the many able and bril- ian t electricians who have succeeded him (chief am ong whom must be reckoned he who was the; central figure of the ceremony of Monday), and who by converting electricity and magnetism into sciences of the most refined measurement ba-re not only rendered electrical engineering C, t5 possible, but made it the great branch of in- si dustry it hag now become. No doubt the world is under a great debt of gratitude to the engineers who have given us locomotives and steamships, built bridges, made railways and dug canals, but all these had to conform their designs to, and were helpless without the results of scien- tific investigation. To take a single example, the compound engine now so much in use in steam- ships and in many large engineering and manu- facturing establishments on land, and now being adopted as a locomotive, is the result of the mo- dern theory of thermo-dynamics, a product of labo- ratory research of the purest kind conducted by men, who, working jvithout prospect or desire of honour or reward, gave themselves enthusiasti- cally to the pursuit of scientific truth. Many other examples in all departments of science could be cited, but we have said enough to show the vast importance of the results of laboratory investigation to the world at large, and the importance therefore of providing those to whom the scientific teaching is committed in our universities and colleges, with the means of carry- ing on research and of giving practical instruc- lion. (n science there is no standing still. Not to advance is to go back. The teaching of the scientific professor or lecturer, who consents to be a mere retailer at second hand of the facts or theories of other men is dead. The more com- pletely a teacher is equipped with the means of investigation, and the greater the zeal and dili- gence with which he gives himself to such work, the greater will be the gain in all that concerns the true intellectual and moral welfare of the students and the credit of the institution to which he belongs. The remarks of Sir William Thomson with regard to his own laboratory and to laboratories in general, were full of interest, and will be eagerly read by scientific men both at home and abroad. That so much zeal should have been shown and good scientific work done by Scottish students taken directly from the ordinary class- \\or £ and set to carry out original investigation, even under the careful and skilful su- pervision of Sir William Thomson, is highly creditable to the students concerned. We con- fidently hope that the students of North Wales will not be slow to avail themselves of the opportunities which have been so splendidly pro- vided for them at Bangor, and in zeal and devo- tion to work emulate the Glasgow students of whom Sir William Thomson told them. But even as a means of qualifying for many occupations and professions a course of practical scientific training is of the utmost importance, a id the establishment of the new laboratories has op-ned a splendid opportunity to the people of North Wales. There is a great and continually increasing demand for scientifically instructed foremen and managers and operators in all branches of applied science. Land and sub- marine telegraphy, civil, mechanical and electrical engineering, and chemical manufactures are ex- tending on every side, and to obtain the highest, or, indeed, any real success at all in these pro- fessions, a thorough scientific training has be- co ne an absolute necessity. Employers and public companies are now recognising this fact, and the appointments at their disposal ire beino- given more and more to men whose technical train- ing rests on a sound basis of properly ac- quired scientific knowledge. But in telegraphy and electrical engineering in general, and in industrial chemistry, the University College has the means of supplying in great measure the technical as well as the theoretical training, and we hope to see the laboratories largely taken advantage of by all who aspire to such appointments. If the general public and all interested in Wales and Welsh education are loyal to the College, they will support, by all the means in their power, the enlightened action of the council, who have rendered the scientific departments now inaugurated fit in every respect for the best possible scientific work, and worthy of any uni- versity in the kingdom. The completeness of the laboratories and lecture theatres and the ex- cellence of their appointments elicited the high commendation of Sir William Thomson, who was greatly struck with the convenience of the general arrangements. It is exceedingly to the credit of all concerned that this result has been so economically achieved. By taking ad- vantage of the old wa'ls so far as possible, and thus saving building, by having the fittings n C, in while complete made for work and not for show, and made by local workmen under the superintendence of the professors, it has been found possible to house and equip both the chemical and physical departments at not much more than one-tenth of the sums spent on the chemical laboratory alone at some universities and colleges in England and Scotland. The future of the University College of North Wales and its scientific departments is in the hands of the Welsh people. We believe it will prove a great future. If all continue to do their duty as in the past, the establishment of a University of Wales so forcibly advocated by Sir William Thomson will prove no im- possible event.
BOARD OF TRADE RETURNS AND…
BOARD OF TRADE RETURNS AND THE COMMERCIAL DEPRESSION. THE Board of Trade returns for the year 1884 supply us to a certain extent with a rough indication of the extent to which our trade with foreign countries has suffered during the depression of which the country has of late heard so much. The total value of imports and exports during the past year, including the exports of foreign and colonial produce brought to this country for distribution, is found to be £ 685,145,839. In 1883 the total amounted to no less than C731,041,002, being the largest aggregate ever reached by our ex- ternal trade. A decline of nearly forty-six millions sterling is found between the two years, and the total of 1884 was the smallest since 1879, though still greater than the value of the trade of 1873 by some two millions, when our trade had reached a height of pros-