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'| SPIRIT OF THE PRESS.

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SPIRIT OF THE PRESS. MR. MIALL'S MOTION". Mr. Miall's motion, says the Dally JYeies, simply recorded the fact that the most advanced section of 'the Liberal puty have adopted disestablishment into their programme. They have done so, we believe, in anticipation of the whole tendency of opinion and the whole direction of statesman- ship. In anticipation of the discussion in the House of Commons we expressed the conviction that, fasci- nating as the idea of comprehending all the religioa of the nation in one great Church is, it has no relation to the actual course of things. Mr. Hughes indirectly supplied a singular confirmation of this view. There was very much to be said for his motion, which would have substituted Church Reform for Mr. Miall's plan of disestablishment. It would be far easier, apparently, to carry out It would be in harmony with oar traditions, and its effectual accomplishment would probably put off the carrying out of a disestablishment policy for a generation. But Mr. Hughes and Mr. Welby failed to get half the support accorded to Mr. Miall and Mr. Leatham. The dream of a comprehensive National Church is dying away behind us, and the reality of a nation without a National Church is rising before us. The Church of England has a great future, greater perhaps than even her past; but it is a future in which she will no longer be the ally of the State. The State has to do equal justice among a host of Churches, to sustain an impartial relation to a multitude of creeds. It can only do this by giving protection to all, and patronage to none; by keep- ing for each a fair field and no favour. A long time may pass before the necessity comes for this question to be set- t'el. There is no need either to hasten or to hinder it; hut when the settlement cimes it can only take the form which the course of past history, the current of present circumstances, and the whole drift of political thought impose upon it, that of absolute severance between the work and functions of the Church and the State. The cause of disestablishment, says the Standard, has acquired nothing but damage. from the tactics employed by Mr. Miall in the House of Commons on Tuesday. The majority of 201 by which his motion was rejected expressed something more than a condemnation of the principle of disestablishment. It affirmed the absolute refusal of the House to entertain any question even remotely suggesting or favouring the Liberation Society's policy. The House- doss not blink the fact that there is scope for reforms Within the Church, that there is room for improvement in its organisation and mode of working, that there are anomalies and abuses to be redressed. But it recognises the lrinciple that all projects of change should bo in- furmed by the aim of strengthening rather than injuring the Church, and it acknowledges that the process of self-reform within the Church is being prose- cuted with sufficient zeal and with satisfactory results. On the one hand, it repudiates the policy of disestablish- ment and disendowment; on the other, it admits that there is no necessity for the interference of the State while the Church's voluntary action in the direction of re- form is being conducted with such efficiency and success. Such are the results established by the overwhelming majorities against the motion of the member for Bradford and the amendment of the member for Frome. The House, correctly interpreting the sense of the country, de- clines to sanction any action on the part of the State which may wear even the semblance of hostility to the Church Establishment. These results must be sufficiently discouraging to Mr. Miall and his partisans, but. the discus- sion which preceded them was even mor 1 disastrous to the cause they represent. DR. I.lYIXGSrONE. Far surpassing everything else in interest, says the Post is the information which, through the courtesy of the re- presentative of the Xew York Ihrald in London, has been afforded to the English Press respecting the discovery of Dr. Livingstone. Far surpassingevcrything else yet achieved in the way of "joamalistic" enterprise" is the disco- very of the great African explorer, about whose fate it may be said without metaphor every civilised State has been painfully anxious for years past, by the special commissioner of a daily news- paper We arc accustomed' to laugh on this side of the Atlantic at the rage for big things manifested !by our American kinsmen, bat it is not only with satisfaction but with or kin 1 red pride we express our admiration at the wonùerful undertaking not only conceived but carned to a successful issue by our New York contemporary. Whilst Governments were hesitating, and ultimately re- fusing to grant the necessary supplies for an expedition in search of Dr. Livingstone, the proprietor of the Aew York Herald took the matter in his own hands, selected a gentleman eminently fitted for the enterprise he was called upotf to undertake, gave him carte blanche in all that regarded expenditure, and sent him into the unknown regions of Central Africa to find Dr. Livingstone, if possible alive, but if not, to procure authentic informa- tion respecting his fate, and to secure, if the man existed, the results of his labours. Mr. Stanley, the commissioner in question, has been completely, swccessfal. Ho found Livingstone nut only alive and well. but so busily engaged in his explorations that he has voluntarily deferred his return for another year and a half. Nor is this all: not only is the great traveller safe, his labours have bacn crowned with complete success. From the narrative of Dr. Livingstone's travels fur- nished by Mr. Stanley, it appear*, says the Advertisirf that constant difficulties have beset the path of the great traveller that whenever lie has been on the eve of some great achievement, he been deserted by his followers that v, eary and destitute, he has moved up and down the desert, till at last disheartened and ready to faint, he re- turned to Ujiji on the 16th of October, to be discovered by Mr Stanley about a fortnight afterwards, and to be rewarded for all his trouble by the news that the eyes of England were fixed upon him. A picture drawn by the American traveller of the two men seated upon a goat-skin, recounting thtir adventures and difficulties-the American tilling him who ha t, sincn 1805, been shut out from the civilised world, of the great struggle in the United States and its end, of the overthrow of Austria, and the consolidation of Germany and I1aly, of the great Franco-Prussian war, of the down- fall of the Emperor, and of all the stirring events which ha> e occurred during the period which Dr. Livingstone has spent among savagos. is exceedingly interesting. It is pleasant to know that the adventurous Englishman is. though grey-bearded, yet hale and hearty, strong to do his work, of good cheer, and full of hope that he will finish his work successfully and return to the land from which he started, and which is ready to confer the highest honours upon him. Such a narrative, says the Telegraph, has seldom been heard even in the old times when the globe was young and unexplored and before many generations have passed the planet will he so thoroughly, traversed in all directions that the sense of novelty and Strange revelations which makes this account so thrilling will have become a bygone possibility. Thus the public enjoyed a pleasure which our posterity can scarcely know—such a pleasure as Athens must have felt on hearing the Euterpe' of Herodotus read; or Carthage, when Hanno came back in his galleys from outside the" Pillars of Hercules;" or the lieges of Ferdinand and Isabella, whonthe Spanish carvols sailed home with intelligence of the golden new world. The mind delights to realise in imagination that glad moment when, after all sorts of perils, adventures, and misadventures, the gallant and indefatigable Stanley won his way with a band which made up in noise for what they lacked in numbers to the outskirts of Ujiji town. We must all envy that American flag which was carried proudly at the head of the procession; and yet it happens Mitsonably just now in the hour of our agreement at Geneva that the Stars and Stripes should thus biing help to tl e lonely Englishman. But will he be at Ujiji Yes, thero ho is—" a pale looking, grey- b.arded whit*! man, in a red woollen jacket, anl upon his head a naval cap with a faded gold band." Stanh y, at a glance, knows it is Livingstone, and Livingstone knows that Civilisation has found him out, and brought aid, strength, and security for all his harvest of toil and danger; but they are under the eyes of the grave Arabs, who judge men severely by deportment. So England and America keep up their character demurely before Paganism, and not one excited word is spoken, though the Old and New World thus meet in a epot, as it were, outside the world. Dr. Livingstone, I presume ?" says Stanley, very quietly and the Doctor smiles, and bows a calm assent; nor until hours after did the two men get together, on the goatskins in the hut, where they could freely unpack their hearts, brimful of congratulations, human fellowships, and eager ques- tions and answers—with the news of all the world for six years put to tell on one side, and on the other the last aecret of Africa to impart. LIFE ASSURANCE. The Times observes that the first award of Lord Cairns in the case of the Albert Life Assurance Company was made on Tuesday last. and on the same day, by a strange coincidence, the adjudication of claims in the c ise of the European Assurance Company was adjouraed until Nov. 6. The consequence of-ëhis adjournment will, of course, be to cut off the unhappy policy holders, numbers of whom attended Vice-Chancellor Malins' Chambers in person, from obtaining any relief for at least four months longer, before the end of which period some of the more aged will probably be in their graves. Yet it was rendered necessary by the hesitating action of Parliament on the subject of these colossal frauds or blunders, which' have shaken the whole system of life in- surance to its foundation. No doubt, good may be brought out of evil. if the labours of Lord Cairns.in this extra- ordinary arbitration should contribute to settle the prin- ciples which are to govern the liquidation of insolvent life insurance companies, But the question raised by Mr. Cave will still recur. That question is, in effect, whether the foundering of such insurance companies as the Albert and European like the Royal George, in a calm sea, with a clear øky," does not imply something more than venial incapacity on the part of their directors. Mr. Sheridan dwells, and not without reason, on the immense gains which may be made by liquidation, as a proof or presumption that wreckers are the guilty part a*. We. reply that. apart from the want of any evi- denca to srew how a well-tend icted insurance office can be destroyed by "wreckers, the immense gains made by amalgamation disclose another and more probable explana- tion of the phenomenon. It is no part of Lord Cairns' duty to investigate it; indeed, he is bound to abstain from all officious investigations, so as to save as much as pos- sible from the wreck for the policy holders. This is the very reason why the task, invidious though it be, should have been undertaken by ttw Government, which alone possesses the power to discharge it effectually, and, to. speak plainly, is less accessible than Parliamentary Com mittees to considerations of individual interests.

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