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WORKMEN'S TOPICS.
WORKMEN'S TOPICS. (BY MABON, M.P.) LABOUR AND ITS RIGHTS. It is a most strange thing that so many "rmplovers of labour won't. meet the require- ments of their employees in matters of right and justice without their being compelled bylaw to do the thine; asked for, and that in matters that it would be an insult to a just man's anal to suggest that tin? wrong done is intended by the refusal- My 22 J cars' ex. perieace of Parliamentary work, on the other land, proves to the hilt that in the same direc- tion we could, for the time being; demand no more from the indifferent and callous employer than to comply with that already done by the feest of their class. Compulsory Weighing and Measure- ments Bill. In moving and seconding this Bill we only isked for the extension of the principle of the eheckweighing clauses of the Mines Regulation Act; to certain industries in which the work- nen were employed on piecework. Examples of serious losses in wages which men in various trades were suffering from had to be given. 1\it, Hodge told the House that he had sent out circular of inquiry b, seventy different steel rorks, and found that there were only three of fche lot at which their ingots were weighed. md the men employed at the other forty-nine complained bitterly of unfair treatment. Mr H. Gladstone says that the matter has n raised at the Home Office periodically since 1893. Fourteen years ago. when he was Under secretary for the Home Office, he went closely into it, and now he has found a minute of his nwn. made in 1903, to the effect that if it was right to adopt the checkweighing system for coal mines, it was also right to adopt them for 'ther employments. Objecting employers Cow. as of yore, said that there was no real objections to the men employing checkweighers. Sut in view of the fact that there was no real trievance, it was not worth while to alter the 5ld system that had done so well for so many fears. It is well enough for those who were benefited by the loss the old system caused lo others. The new Bill affirms two principles—one, that In certain industries where men are paid by ;ates, or xxcight, or measurement, they should be able to check the weights by a check- jreigher or his deputy, and the other, that where there are men paid by the piece, they should have particulars as to the length of nieces welded, and the price agreed upon for xioing the work. The Government. I under- jtand.are taking measures towards, if possible, bringing in legislation bv which they could make the principle of the particulars clause capable of general application to all trades. This is Hot a day too soon, All the North Wales collieries are now baJlotting on the question of whether a strike shall take place in the event ef the owners continuing to refuse the men's iemands to h.e. a list of the prices paid to the workmen pl',njted, that they may be given >0 men. old zn. new that the workmen may by ihatmeans what price they sboold be paid )or the variet.- items of labour that they are to Perform,,VV prices, I understand, have been fixed1 age' Can anyone imagine any Just reason '-refusing such a reasonable claim .3 this Yet. this is the question that is agitating all the collieries in the North Wales coalfield, fend which, unless the employers give way, will certainly cause a cessation of work at them alL The employers plead the old system, and cannot fcee any necessity for changing it. No won- der, for it must have served some ulterior pur- pose from the commencement- The colliery employer who refuses to sign the price list in the South Wales coalfield is almost obsolete, although perhaps there may be one or two of them still existing. The Government, I understand, has also set on foot an expert inquiry, before which highly technical matters will be investigated. That Committee has now been selected. Mr Ernest Hat "h is the chairman, a factory inspector and Mr J. Lloyd Morgan, the member for Car- marthenshire, form the neutral element of the Committee, and the expert element will con- sist of three representative members of the 4ron aud steel trade, and three representatives iOf the workmen, including Mr John Hodge, £ I.P. After the investigation by this Com. mittee, the Home Secretary hopes to 'be able in a non-contentious Bill next year to finally settle the matter. The Bill for authorising this work has already passed its second reading in the House of Commons, and will be dealt with by a Com- mittee of the whole House. Mr H. Gladstone's fondness of sending these industrial measures before Committees of technical experts is re- markable, especially when they will be fully considered by the whole House again. There Is not an element in the Mines Hours Bill which has already not been called attention tù, either in the second reading or Committee stage, a fact that he must have entirely for- gotten. Moreover, there can be no difficulty with regard to the Cbeckweighing and Jleasurement Bill that has not already been discussed by either the friends or the opponents of the measure. Seeing all these questions Aud points therein must have been dealt with already, Mr H. Gladstone need be most care- ful that in his anxiety and effort to please all pides.and bringing in non-contentious measures, he docs not fall between two stools and fail to grasp the opportunity given him to pass two or three legislative enactments which would leave an indelible impression of good wishes upon the hearts of the British industrial classes that revere the name be bc-ars, and are anxious to do him honour, could ne but rise to the occ-asion and give them the practical measures of industrial reform, the basis of trbich others have already laid for him. Ob had we a Lloyd George in the Home Dffice just now
In Return.
In Return. A theatrical company which was on tonr among the smaller towns of part of the United States relied on local orchestras for its music. On one occasion when drilling an orchestra In a small town the manager of the company I was very much vexed with the bad playing of flute player. Finally, out of patience, he jhouted Look here. my friend, you're no good, and you shan't play." The flute plaver laid down his instrument, and said calmlv An right; if.1 don't play, you don't. T'm the Mayor of this town, and I'll cancel the theatre s licence."
M Simply This."
M Simply This." nis is so sudden As he heard the. girl speak these words the astonished young man rose to his feet in be- wilderment. Sudden 1" lie repeated. Did I hear ari'gtll? More than two years ago I believe it was "that I only saw you occasionallv then gradually, very gradually, I increased my *isits. It took six months to get on a formal calling basis it took six months more to be a Regular visitor si-^ months more to can you 5>y your Christian name and it is only dur- 110.9 the last few mcntbs that I have ventured. J^ith many misgivings, even to hold your "and. Audnow, after all this gradual de- velopment of my love. you tell me that my eclaration is so sudden. Do yon call this „ ^3°, indeed," she replied, calmly. "TVi ^OF wkat reason ?" of lady replied, with some degree 1, ^mPly this," she replied. "I hardly t'ni you would dare to speak to me like » lor another two vears at least, consider- ing your present, salary." 1 °i,n £ Dlan a tf-ain was making fun of a 3 i j an elderly gentleman who was seated bostde him. •« Yen." said the gentleman, tuat 13 mv wife and T tolci her that. if she wore that bonnet that some fool would be sure •o make fun of it." The young an collapsed. L I
Welsh Tit-Bits. .
Welsh Tit-Bits. Neu Wreichion Oddiar yr Eingion. By CADRAWD. j THE LIFE OF ST. PATRICK. ■One of the most charming books we have been privileged to read for some time, is the life of St. Patrick by Prof. J. B. Bury, M.A. The I author says in the preface, "thatjn studying the work of Slavonic apostles, when he came to St. Patrick he failed to gain any clear con- ception of the man and his work." The vast ¡ material which was available seemed of controversy and conjecture, tkst he had en- tertained a doubt as to the very existence orSt. Patrick. However he found that the material, in any case, had to be critically sifted, and that the best he could do was to begin at the beginning. as no biographer of him had ever existed. The conclusions he has reachcd with- out any prepossession is, that they tend to show that the Roman Catholic conception of St. Patrick's work is generally nearer to histo- rical fa ct, than those of antipapal divines. We shall here give a summary of the contents of the book. The first chapter is written on the spread of Christianity beyond the Roman Empire, in which he states that it would not be easy to determine how much Christianity owes to the Roman Empire for the early pro- pagation of the Christian idea. The next chap- ter gives St. Patrick's parentage, capture, captivity, and escape., Next comes the account of his ordination. Patrick, on hearing at a place called Ebmoria, of the death of Palladius, went to a certain bishop named Amator, whose seat was at Auxerre, in Gnul. where it is stated St Patrick received part of his ecclesiastical training. Having been or- dained. his intention was to go over to Ireland, probably to. surceed Palladius in the mission field, and by the choice of the Irish Christians be made their chief pastor. But it appears that there was nothing waiting him in the Green Isle but a struggle against Paganism. and repeated contests with Druidism. The story of his mission is beautifully told-how he planted churches all over the island also his visit to Rome about 444.. One of the most interesting chapters of the book is that on clesiastical Organisation- He speaks of his own experience, how he spread his nets, that a large multitude "might be caught for God." and how he endeavoured that there might he clergy everywhere to baptise, and exhort folks needing and craving their service- In Pit t- rick's own words. we are told that he haptised thousands, and ordained ministers of religion everywhere, and he appears to he one of the greatest missioners the world ever saw. It is stated that he introduced the Pascal reckoning, which was approved by Rome, though an older system for the determination of Easter was in use amongst the Christian community, which existed previous to his coming—the same as iu Great Britain. The liturgy he introduced was the GaUican-a term applied to the Church of France, which at a very early date declared its independence to- ward the authority of the Roman Pontiff. St. Patrick's story of his life is full of pathos, —he tells us that Divine aid delivered him often trom bondage and many dangers, and. like St. Paul, from perils, in which' his life had been endangered. He particularises one where he .&nd his companions were seized a.nd captured IbrpeopleWh0 wished to slay him. Everything that belonged to him was taken from him, and and his companions were kept in fetters for a. whole fortnight; but through the mtenven- tion of influential friends they were sot freo, and his property restored. There is one remarkable feature in his policy, on which he seems to pride was—his dealings were always sincerely with the Irish. He never went back from his word, and never resorted to any trick, in order to gain temporary advantage, for God and His Church. He offers us the benefit of his extra- ordinary experience in the following declara- tion, that he believed that by adhering strictly to his policy of straightforwardness he-averted persecution. His death and burial are here recorded to have taken place A.D. 461. He resigned his office as the head of the Irish Church, which he had so nobly merited and filled so honour. ably, at Armagh, in favour of his disciple Be- nigus. Mr Bury tells us that St. Patrick, after he had placed the man of his choice to succecd him in his high office, retired to Dalaradia, and spent his last years at a place called Saul, in the island plain, at which place it Is certain that he died. The author further states that his death is encircled with legends, but attests the fact that his death took place, and that be was buried at the barn of Dichu. When the day of his death approached, an angel came and warned him of it, who also predicted that his death would set a boundary against night, and after his death there was no night for twelve days, and for a whole year the folks said that the nights were less dark than usu- ally. The work of St. Patrick in Ireland is summed up ts follows:—"He organised the Christianity which already existed—he conver- ted kingdoms which were still Pagan. especially in the West, and he brought Ireland into con- nection with the church of the Empire, and made it formally part of Universal Christen- dom. However, I regret to find that Mr Bury has not been able to locate the place of St. Pat- rick's birth, and that before he went into print he did not pay a visit to South Glamorgan, and ask the people what they knew about St. Patrick, and if there were any traditions or any record of his connection with that part, to be had. In the preface he tells us that when the book was in type, he had received a communi- cation from Principal Rhys, of Oxford, which suggested a hope that the mysterious Baunu- enta—St. Patrick's home, may perhaps be iden- tified at last. Mr Bury had conjectured that it should be sought Near the Severn, or Bristol Channel. The existence of so many Banwans" in Glamorganshire is peculiar, and there are three in the immediate neigh- bourhood of Llantwit known to the inhabit- ants as Banwan Treberferad "—B overton, the place where antiquaries are now disposed to place the Bovium of the itineraries. There are also a "Banwan" at Flemingston, a few miles west of Boverton, and another again at a place called the Gwdwl," between Llancastle and Penmark. The late discoveries af c. Cae Mid (the field of combat), near Llantwit Major, has proved beyond doubt that Llantwit was a British village before the time of the Romans as a discovery of bronze implements which were made there proves. Also it is interesting to know that 3S Roman coins were dug up at Boverton in 1798, 26 of which are preserved in the Cardiff Museum they are Vespasian, Do- initian, Nerva, Trajan, Sabrina, Antonius, and Faustina. In the lives of the Walsh Saints we fiud that Iltutus founded a monastery at Llantwit Major, in the beginning of the fifth century but according to an old Welsh MS., there had been an institution for learning pre- viously founded at Caerwrgorn, by the Em- peror Theodosius. Of this seminary the same MS. says was Patrick the Apostle, and tutc lary Saint of Ireland. We have every evidence that St. Pitrick was a Briton, his father Calpurnius was a deacon, which goes to prove he and the family were Christians-that he was a free-born and an officer. VVe have also the name of Patrick's grandfather—Potitus, who was a priest. Patrick's name is purely Celtic, and his missionary spirit shows him to have inherited the Celtic fire and charm of manner in his dealing with men. Space will not allow us to say more at pre- sent, but that it is quite impossible for us to give the ancient name of this district, as it is a well-known fact to Welsh historians that it is unfortunately lost so we cannot vcry well satisfy the able late biographer of St. Patrick, as to the word, Mcmthur," or Nemthur."
[No title]
A poet had sent in a manuscript in which was t-be line, See the pale martyr in a sheet of fire" The reputation of the writer was nearly ruined when the work came out with the line. ec tho pale martyr with his shirt on lire." When a favourite speaker rose and was greeted with thundrolls :1pp1:1ue his party paper "Rm" ort and said." The vast concourse rent the air with their snouts."
| Fashion and Things I Feminine.…
Fashion and Things Feminine. I 1 By MISS IDA MELLER. Some Simple Fashions. The beefeater crown, that is ahvays more or ess fashionable, has this season risen in impor- tance, and now represents the last word in millinery fashions. It is frequently made up of spotted net as an accompaniment to a chip or crinoline brim. The chip brim, by the way, looks very well in two colours, such as mauve with, a border of violet; aDd it i- particularly smart in black with a border of gold or burnt chip. Coque feathers are. contrary to usual, included among- the trimmings for sum- mer hats, and are worn in all sorts of ways, now forming the crown, now giving height to the left side of the hat* The black glace silk bow. agam. is a^iavourite trimming, and looks well on gold straw bats. A large hat of burnt straw, the brim inclined to r-oll back from the face. in front, and the crown encircled with a drapery of black glacesilk; tucked in parh. nnd arranged in front in five b,410 loops, also tucked, is an, in- stance of the si-niitness of appearance that, can be achieved by siB&ple means. Amid the preva- lence of bright coloured straws, the quiet mix- ture of burnt or gold straw &nd black is quite reireshing to the eye. Simplicity is so ojtcn neglected for garishaess both it) frocks and millinery; but it is almost, invariably the simple things that are the most becoming." A dcsi¡.n for a simple home dress is given in the accompanying illustration. It is suitable fvv Tussore silk, with chemisette of net or yui- pure. the sleeves being turned bark with little enfts of guipure. The skirt has a few tucks above the hem, and if gathered at the waist. Muslin Froysk for a Little Girl. 'rite '■$$$& .bridesma id is in great request at weddings, anAf<>r her toilette there is nothing --g so plain or spotted. The little girl ^ketclfed is wearing a frock of cream. spotted muslin, luade up with frilled sleeves and. ftills on t h skirt, and has a large, iiab wii h ribbons that fall down low at the back. This little freck would be useful after the wedding for wearing throughout fl1? sum- mer. For older girls the muslin frock, inlet with lace insertion taking the shape of van- dykes, and flounced at t«he fool. is pretty and suitable, the sleeves puffed to the elbows, and finished with cuffs oflace insertion and short frills below. The bodice should hang from a suitable, the sleeves puffed to the elbows, and finished with cuffs oflace insertion and short frills below. The bodice should hang from a round or square yoke of lace, and the waist have a belt of soft silk or of satin ribbon. Improvised Invalid Furniture. A professional nurse gives some excellent ad- vice on attending to inval ids thatls worth pass- ing on to others, who may at one time or an- other be engaged in home nursing. With regard to cradles," she has something useful to sav. the cradles" referred to being means for keeping off pressure of bedclothes f"om a patient who may be suffering from inflamed or otherwise painful joints. An improvised cradle for going across the knee, leg, or foot, may be made from an ordinary band-box. If it is for the foot, cut out an arch from the side of the box. and fit it lightly over the foot, which should rest on a pillow. Tf the cradle is for the knee, cut out a second arch opposite the one already cut, and thus form a bridge. Then. a." to bed-rests. A convalescent patient often needs a bed-rest wherewith to prop him- self or herself up, and a substitute for the genuine thing can be made from a small cot mattress (if such a thing be at hand) rolled up tight. It is comfortable for the patient to lean against. Instead of a mattress a bedroom chair may be used, set upside down. with the front legs against the top of the bed. the patient leaning against the back of the chair, which should be banked up with pillows. Or, again, a bank of sofa cushions covered with soft pillows will serve instead of either a chair or mattress. Very weak invalids often slip down in bed if their feet have nothing to rest against. It is a good plan to put a drawer from n wardrobe or chest of drawers against the'foot of the bed and a pillow in front or better still. have two blocks or bricks under the bedclothes nt the foot. Brown Bread i rifle. Sweet trifle is usually made with sponge cakes but try the substitution of brown bread,, and see what a delicious dish is the result. The crumb of a loaf of brown bread should be grated fine and put into a, glass dish. with jam and custard in the usual way. using plenty of custard, so that. the crumb is thoroughly well soaked. Mask the top with whipped cream, and add a few split almonds to decorate. Chopped almonds mixed with the breadcrumbs are an improvement. Rancid Butter. During summer time Imtter. as we all know, turns rancid very quickly. The following hint to purifybntterthat is tainted is worth remem- bering. Melt ;ind skim the butter as for clarifying, and then put into it a piece of well- toasted bread. Almost immediately the butter will lose its rancid taste, while the bread will absorb the impurity. Remove the bread, and cool the butter. The Hair. The softness, pliability, elasticity, and bril- liancy of the hair depend generally on the health of the person. Dry hair splits more readily than moist hair, and is also more suh- ject to dandruff—which, if allowed to accumu- late. causes the hair to fall. Washing the bead with equal quantities of glycerine, alcohol, and rose-water, will often cure excessive dandruff. When the hair is very dry without showing much dandruff, and\vill not readily obey the .1 hand that dresses it. the application of almond oil-a small quantity only-may be advisable. Use oil miserly, and tie the hair as little as possible. Wash the head once a month. Warm water, with Panama wood beaten in it and an egg added (well beaten) is an excellent; wash to clean the hair and keep it lustrous. Sub- carbonate of potash, egg and water, arc also excellent for fair hair. Thoughts for the Week. Discretion in conduct and speech is more than eloquence.—Bacon. The most happy are not those who are always seeking- self-pleasure.
TALKS ON HEALTH.
TALKS ON HEALTH. By DR. ANDREW WILSON. Some Hair Troubles. From time to time I receive reque-ts from readers asking that informatisn may be given respecting certain hair troubles. There can be no doubt that this subject is one aftccting a very considerable proportion of the population. Whatever be the cause, I tiling there can be no j doubt whatever that loss of t#ir is much more common in the case ot the pJMient generation thar. it was in the pauit. JSd naturally the greater proportion of to the male sex. One has only w'tflauco from the gallery of a public building* at the audience below to notice in how rrlajjy cases of com parative'v young men the hair has either did- appeared altogether from the head, or is fast thinning off Various rcaatfps have been 1;en for the disparity in thispect between men and women. The pressure exerted by men's hats has been thought amongst other conditions to be the causdtof baldness, the woman's hat being of a much« £ jghter descrip- tion, and as a rule the womanW»ving her head uncovered for the greater part.of her lifetime so to speak. Another reastm given for the increasing baldness of men is women cer- tainly as a rule pay ma«Mp.t £ .4ition to their hair than do the opposite They evidently remember the apostolic Veyfn'ossion that a woman's glory is her hair, an" accordingly a greater amount of attention ijrjpaid to its con- dition, and also a larger ar^unt of brushing of the hair is indulged in bfv tfomen than by men, Whatever the cau-»«»f ,%creasmg bald- ness and paucity of hair n^y be, the existence of this condition in nitklern civilised life is undoubtedly a real fact. it any proof be required to 'substantiate ttois statement it would be found in the jver-inoreasing number of hair restorers, pomades and like articles which are advertised for the relief of the bald. The Growth of the Hair. Hairs, it may here be remarked, are struc- tures which belong to the category of organs or pa.rts connected with the skin, hairs, nails and teeth, indeed, belonging to the same order of structures, all three, along with the feathers of birds, being developed in little follicle? or sacs of the skin, each grouping upon a little papilla or projection which arises from <he bottom of the sac. The hair may be regarded in one sense as simply aU extension of tbe hornv cells whereof our outer skm is composed, and the particular shape oftha hair depends simply on the manner in vrb 1 ch the cells are moulded on the little papilla. or projection and pushed out. from the sae < 0 assume the familiar I appearanc of the hair itself. The process of forming hair is therefore one which, like the I development of a. tooth, includes certain con- ditions appropriate and peculiar to the body which produces ii healthy condition of the blood, for example, is necessary in order that I tht; little papilla may do its work, and that the formation of the cells which are, to form the hair should take place in a natural fashion. We can readily understand from this latter remark why it is that just as the skin sym- pathises very strongly with the general state of the body, so the bair should in like manner depend for its growth and nourishment upon the condition of our health- This fact can be proved jn many ways, bu" it receives a com- petent and telling' illustration in the falling off of hair which is common in many diseases. especially after fevers. Porexample.it j, no unusual thing to find the hair falling nut. but. when the health has been re-estnblished. a new and sometimas a better crop than before is produced The Skin and the Hair. In dealing-wit-h the condition and stat. of the hair, we have also to te into considera- tion thr state of the skin itself, to which the hairs bear such a el'o.-c relationship. We must remember that imbedded in the skin we find ccrfam little glands called sebaceous glands. They oflrou open into the roots of the hairs, and at other time? pass directly upwards to the surface of the skin These glands secrete or manufacture an oily sub- stance which serves to keep the skin upple, and they ma y be presumed to supply a kind of natqral pomade for tbe hair. When this secretion 13 poured o.ut from itsiitHesacin. too great quantity, we find a scurfy condition very liable to ba- JgFpduced. The matter thrown out" in timS^wies on the scalp, and clogs the roots of the fwrs «o that their clogs the roots of the fwrs no that their growth is impeded, and considerable irritation of the skin of the head is in this case set up. Scurf on other occasions seems to be produced hy some irritation or overgrowth of the horny cells which form the upper layer of the scalp itself. In either case, however, we find the hair is weakened through the over development of the fatty secretion of the skin. and hair troubles in consequence, with loosening of the hairs, ensue. A Common Case. Hairs are also subject to certain diseases of their own. Microbes, or living organisms re- lated to germs, are found to attack not merely the hair itself, but also the papilla from which we have seer, the hair to grow. The result is that the hairs fall out and bald patches are left. As a consequence of certain diseases, and also in general weakly states of the system, it is r-o uncommon thing to find bald patches on the scalp. These patches are indicative of a disease known as alopecia areata," and this condition, it may be added, is one extremely difficult to cure. Sometimes hair weakness shows itself in a well-known condition, namely, the splitting of the ends of the bairr, this con- dition being due to want of cohesion in the eells of the hair, and undoubtedly denotes the fact that the hair itself has not been properly formed, and that some condition or other is interfering with its proper growth. Treatment. As soon as any hair weakness is perceivad, it must be noted and treated at once, if anv good results are to follow from attention being paid to the matter. Too frequently persoiis will suffer loss of hair for a lengthened period before applying to the doctor for relief. This is neither fait, to the patient nor the adviser he consults, because be does not give the latter a chance to arrest the disease at an early stage of its appparance. When the hair is noticed to grow thin the sufferer will be well advised if he ceases wetting the head. and in this con- nection it is of great importance to note that many cases of baldness are undoubtedly due to the habit people have of wetting the head daily in the course of the morning bath. The constant wetting of the head dries up the natu- ral oil of the skin, and tends to render hairs less properly nourished than they should be, and to preternaturaily dry the scalp. The general advice which may be given'' in the way of treatment for weak hair would be to keep the hair for a time as short as possible, or at least to hare it trimmed fairly frequently. Many persons boast that they have never used any sort of pomade for tile hair, but these persons are very frequently found to be those, who. sooner or later, come to exhibit baldness in all it? typical development. Where there is any actuail disease of the hair to be suspected, an excellent application, a little of which should be rubbed into the hair each morning, may be prepared as follows :—Four drachms of castor oil, 28 drachms of olive oil. 12 drachms of giycerine, 4 drachms of iecti- fied spirits, 8 drachms of scent, and 2 drachms tincture of cantharides. The persistent use of this application well rubbed into the scalp each morning, as I have said, the hair being well brushed with soft brushes, and the use of small combs, and hard combs avoided, will have the effect of promoting the hair growth in a satisfactory manner. When a case of falling hair has to be encountered, apart from thinness of the hair, the following lotion may do good Eau de Cologne 2 ounces, tincture of cantha- rides 2 drn chms, 20 drops each of oil of rose- mary and oil of lavender, and 1 drachm of castor oil. A little of this lotion should be ap- plied night and morning after the hair has been well brushed. Some Othar Hints. Occasionally, where baldness is encountered. a pomade composed of balsam of tolu 2 drachms, oil of rosemary 20 drops, tincture of cantharides one ounce, castor oil half an ounce, and prepared lard one ounce and a half, is useful A little of this should be rubbed into the bald patches night and morning. It will be well that tbe hair should be washed once every ten days, or once every fortnight, with soft soap and tepid water, cold water being afterwards used, and brisk friction with the towels parried out. These latter remedies, it may be mentioned, are more applicable to the case of those who suffer from scurf.
-----------"1 He was Ready.
-1 He was Ready. A man who had reached middle age in the single ctate. and who was known in his district as being kindly-hearted and good-natured, took unto himself a wife. Unfortunately she was of a shrewist disposition, and changed his nature. One morning, after his: wife bad been very disagreeable at breakfast time. be started off for work. A sour-looking woman entered the tramcar he was in. Commencing to dispute violently with the conductor about her change, she looked about her in a rage and said Is there a gentleman in this car who will stand by and see a lady insulted ?" The man whose nature had been spoiled rose eagerly. Yes, madam," he said, I will." "You read the paper pretty thoroughly," remarked a. village policeman to one of his wife's friends who had borrowed a London weekly and had not returned it promptly. Yes," replied the lady addressed, 1 always do." Then of course you read the police it) i.elli.nce?" queried ihe poll c-em a v«. "No," was the unexpected retort—"I didn't know that they possessed any l"
J Illustrated Humour. ¡
J Illustrated Humour. ¡ The Wrong Batch. They've raked in a pretty tough lot, this morning, haven't they ?" observed the Ameri- can, who was being shown over a London police court the other day. Ssh "whispered the reporter, who was taking him round, they're solicitors. The prisoners are not in yet." A Novel Idea. Mr Sabbubs (giving instruction to his cook) And above all. Sarab. don't forget to start the old alarm clock going now and then, so that our friends may think I'm on the tele- phone. A Labour Difficulty. Wife (from the window at 1 a.m. to her hus- band): What's your excuse for coming home at this hour ? Husband Let ni, in, M'ria. Just come from the meeting of the Labour Union. Been con- sidering what we'd do about tbp recent strike. Wile Well, you just sit down on tbe door- step, and consider what do about tll,2 recent lock -out. And she slammed down the window. He Was Competent. Clerk: T'm sorry I can't read this letter, sir the writing is so bad. Employer: Nonsense I Any idiot can read that. Pass it over here. I In The Ball Room. Do -vou wait?,, Mr Gu ?" Oh, I skip a little Then I think we'll have no trouble in skip- ping the next dance." Hi; Money's Worth. Laundryman I regreb to icll you, sir, that one of your shirts is lost. Customer But here, I have just paid you 3 jd for doing it up Laundrjman.- Quite right, sir. We laun- dered it before we lot it. Before the Break of Day." Mrs Barkley. are you familiar with songs without words Oh, yes, quite. Mr Barkley frequently sings them when he comes horae early in the morning." Not Included. Doctor I must forbid all brain work- Poet: May I not write some verses ? Doctor Ób. certainly. A Hard Problem. Stage Manager Why didn't you go on when you got your cue, Come forth ?" Super Oi was waitin" for the other three to go on first. Sure, an' how could I come forth if I wint first ? A Matter of Halves. First Office Boy J told the governor to look at the dark circles under my eyes and see if I didn't need a half-day off. Second Office Boy What did be say ? First Office Boy He said I needed a half bar of soap. Confirmation. He (of the light coat) That handsome girl over there made a fool of me two years ago His friend I felt sure that, something hap- pened in your past life that you had never quite got over. Misunderstood. A certain respectable citizen named )1r Carr had occasion to call at thebouse of a neighbour late at night. He rang the door bell. After a long wait, a head was poked out of a, second floor window. Who's there ?" asked the voice. Mr Carr," was the reply. Well." said the voice as the window banged shut, what do I care if you missed a, car ? Why don't you walk, and not wake up people to tell them about it ?" Uncle Jerry Peebles was looking over the list of amended spellings recommended by the re- tormers. "Good laud." lie exclaimed. I don't see nothin'strange in them words. That's the way I've aHus spelled 'em." On board a. pleasure trip steamer dinner had been served, and the captain called upon one of the passengers to say grace. He began as ff,ilow,; For what we are about to receive we. have each to pay t^o-and-six."
1 ,. IThe Grape Vine.
1 I The Grape Vine. M ith a succession of summers like that of last year one could recommend an extended culture of out-door Grapes, but in the average season many of the bunches of fruit fall a prey to mil- dew, or fail to ripen in a proper manner, says a writer in the Gardeners' Chronicle." A vme or two are to be found in many an old garden, planted more for the purpose of their foliage than for their fruit, the former being Jargelvused for dishing up ripe fruits, be ng more durable than leaves gathered under glass protection. Intending planters should choose a southern aspect, and for preference a brick wail, as such walls retain the sun's beat much longer than stone. A well-drained soil is essen- tial. and good friable loam to the depth of 18in. or 24in. is ample. It is better to allow a little pxtra width than let the roots get down into th? cold subsoil. Keep the border rather above the ordinary ground level in low situations, and where a heavy rainfall is registered. Com- mence planting at once: sbaL- awa-v a-li the old soil, then uncoil and spread out the roots evenly, covering them with about 3in. deep of soil, which should be well worked down among them as covering proceeds. Fasten the cane to the wall, and as the season advances see that the roots do not suffer from want of water. All necessary pruning of the vine ought to be done as soon as the fohajre falls in the lutumn. The old Dutch Sweetwater. Roval Muscadine, and Rpine Olga are suitable varieties, the first- named being perhaps the most reliable. Propagating the Logan Berry. t, The simplest way of increasing this plant is by division of the stools or crowns in the autumn. It sends up stolons freely from Ow base. T¡ Ie shoots will form root-; freely if thev are covered with soil and still attached to tire plant. Cuttings wili also root readily in bandy soil in a cold frame in autumn. Plants Suitable for a Dry Bank. A dry bank is not found 111 every garden. but those who possess one arc often interested to know what may be grown upon it. In the late Sir Michael Foster's garden at Shelford a bank is furnished with some early spring flowers. Vinca minor first attracts attention, and in consequence of its dry position the stems are quite short, and the flowers appear fully iu view as if they were those o: a Gentian, On the same bank near by Phlox subulata, often known as P. froridcsa, is very charming. The best effect is obtained by Aubrietia in contrast with Ailyssum saxatic. The pur-pie of the former mingled with the gold of the latt-er makes r. perfect combination of colours. Anemone Pulsatilla and its ;mmediate allies are. of course, quite at home. and for nume- rous Irises of the beard ?d section this situation is perfectly suitable. The various kinds of Di- anthus suggested here by a. plant coming into flower must cot be forgotten. Marrows and Cardoens. Tb" main sowing of Vegetable Marrows should now be made the more forward of the be placed under handlightsand cold frames for furnishing early fruits, and the remainder planted later iu the open. where they must be given some temporary protection for the first fortnight or 0, Cardoons on he,tvv land succeed well if planted on the flat and without-trenches. Three seeds should be placed in a 4in. pot and the seedlings eventu- ally thirned to the strongest plant. As soon 1 as large enough, plant in rows 5ft. 6in. apart. On light soil Cardoons are bes;t grown intren- ches prepared as for Celery. This plant is rot so generally grown as it should be, for it pro. vides a welcome addition to the commoner vegetables. Zonal Pelargoniums- To provide plants for flowering m autumn and winter, cuttings should be inserted in boxes or pots in March. If space is limited, in- sert a number together in boxes, aod nlace the boxes on the hot-water pipes, where there is a very moderate heat. As soon as roots have been msde, put up the cuttings singly. and place them in a position exposed to the light, either on a shelf or in a frame well up to the glass. Re-pot them when necessary, and later in the season, when they are established in their flowering pots, they should be stood on a. bed of ashes in a sunny position out of doors. Keep all the blooms pinched off until the end of August. Remove the plants indoors at the end of September, or earlier if heavy autumnal rains are more than usuallv prevalent. Mulching Strawberries. On fin sides for everal weeks past \VI" have seen strawberrv-growersadvised to mulch down their beds at once, says a writer in the Fruit Grower." Some, who by this time ought to know better. aie advising the us? of long stable manure for the purpose, affirming that the rains will cleanse the strawy matter before the time comes to gather the fruit. We have had much rain of late, and it is by no means certain that there will be sufficient further downpour to make the litter clean. It is argued by those who advise this filthy practice thai the manure washed out of the straw will en- large the fruit. This may be so. but it coub" quite as well have been provided for by giving artificials in February and March. The practice of using stable litter as a Strawberry mulch is objectionable also in that i; encourages the breeding and provides a hiding-place for slugs and other insect pests. It also encourages the weeds to grow rampant, and in many in- stances where this slovenly and dirty practice prevails we have seen a good crop of Straw- berries entirely spoilt through being smothered up by weeds-IJoth natural weeds and by large quantities of corn, such as Wheat and Oats, that have come up from the manure itself. Then, again, in a season like the present, the putting on of the mulch eariv will cause the heat of the sun to be kept out of the land. This is very undesirable, as the rain and low temperature have caused the tand to remain low in temperature about the roots ot the plants. Wireworms. These are undoubtedly one of the greatest pests that farmers have to contend with. and numerous are the methods adopted to get rid of them. Some entail a good deal of labour, and then are not successful, and the unluckv farmer begins to think that wireworms will never be got rid of. There is. however, no need to de- spair, for there is on the market a preparation which will completely eradicate the pest. It is the Field Antipestic Powder. This powder not only destabys wireworms, but slub and mildew, slugs, bot grubs, maggots. &c. In fact, all in- sect pests and fungoids. At the same time it does not hurt the plants, be they corn, vege- tables, or flowers but, on the other hand. is a good fertiliser of the soil, thereby strengthening 1 n plant life and makingit less liable to be affected by disease or any sudden change of climate. Growers of Turnips, Peas, and Beans testify to the benefit of the powder, and a large Cabbage grower says that he had a splendid lot of plants rec from club where he applied the antipestic powder on the seed bed, whilst h dipd some plants that were covered with green fly in a weak solution of the powder before planting, and they were not troubled with the flv after- wards. The Flower Garden. Seeds of Auriculas and Primroses may now be thinly sown in pans or boxes of light, siindy soil. Barely cover the seeds, and place the boxes in a cold frame. Although the florist 's Auricula is comparatively tender and suscep- tible to damp, tbe garden forms are hardy, and ha ire such a-beautiful range of colour and form, that they should be largely grown where spring flowers are in request. Just before the Pink plants open their flowers the-, may be given a dressing of about 407. to the square yard of some artificia 1 manure, lightly hoe iug the surface soil and giving a good watering should the weather be dry. If a portion of the bed be shaded during hot. dry weather, it will greatly prolong the season of these ftowr". Cuttings may be taken of the newer uI varieties, and those of which the stock is C'hort. r but for r enewing the main beds slips inserted out-of-doors in the autumn will root readily and give less trouble. For the lack of indoor accommodation we have to plant the tubers of Dahlias into their flowering beds and borders direct from the store- says the Gardeners' Chronicle." This will be done at once before the plants have made much growth. Sbouid frosts appear likely to occur, the plants will be lightly covered with mats and tiffany. This plan has been found more satisfactory than to first place the tubers in preparer* bed." under trees. Such p'ants make weak jrrowfhjs—due probably to kthe shade and draughts. J
IWELSH GLEANINGS. )-...
I WELSH GLEANINGS. ) I News and Views in Lighter Vein. After an absence of some years a few ccsckie women have re-appeared in Cardiff, dressed in their picturesque Welsh costuras. There was a time when Penciawdd cockle women were to be met with in every part of the industt"ia.1 dkitrirk of South Wales. The announcement that the King has con- sented to visit North Wales in July in connec- tion with the stone-laying ceremony of the new University College buildings at Bangor is now officially described as entirely unau- I tb, The Miliord Haven Council are greatly con- cerned over a plague of rats; in the docks. A committee spent a considerable tunc in dis- cussing the matter the other evening, but did not arrive at any practical method oi destroy- ing the rodents. Is there no Pied Piper avail- able ? An ex-policeman makes a suggestion that children should have their names and addresses pinned inside their hats when they arc sent on "Whitsuntide holidays. Sunday school officials in Wales can well adopt this useful hint. for lost children could then be taken to their homes, when found, without the scares to parents and teachers which occur when such children cannot repeat their parents. names and addresses. The average salary paid to assistant masters in the intermediate schools of Wales is £ 155 10s 6d. as compared with £13365 6d in 1904,5, The corresponding figures for assistant mistresses are £111 98 6d and £11098 lid- There is also an improvement in the academic qualifications of the assistant staffs- This year there are 170 out of a. total of 528 assistant teachers who do not bold university degrees. The figures for the last year were 168 out oi g. The Rp" T. Ossian Davies. whose 1 of voice has been a loss to the Congregational pulpit throughout England and Wales, is about to issue another volume of sermons under the title of The Dayspring." His former volume, Old. yet ever new," has attained a wide cir- culation. and undoubtedly the new volume will be equally porula, Welsh friends will doubtless' be pleased to see another of the works of this master of pulpit eloquence. A correspondent writes .—" Years ago I heard the late Rev. Joseph Cook, of Boston, America, declaim William Cullen Bryant's exqui-ite poem entitled To a and I have been told that it has been translated into Welsh. Can any of your readers give me any clue to it ? The first verse reads :— Whither, 'midst tailing (Jew. While glow the heavens with the last steps of day. Far. through their rosy depths, dost thou pursue Thy solitary way Bungalows for Railwayraen. Haverfordwest Rural District Council ap- proved of the erection of a number of bunga- lows for railwaymen at Goodwick. who. now that the summer season is in prospect- ar obli ged to leave their lodgings. The bungalows are only temporary, the railway company being already engaged in the work of providing per- manent dwellings. Those Steam Packets! Cardi ff tradesmen were dreadfully upset in the latter days of William IV. by the steam packets taking trade away from the town. One of them aired his m an "musing manner. Be said. What J mean by exclusivr- t^ading is that many of the br-+nch<»s of trade are entirely takrn out of the town. For instance, the cloth trade ig quite excluded because of the pride oS the inhabitants. They f;a,< "P can- TInt get tbp. taiiors nf Cardifi 1:.0 make on* bodice dandified enough, therefore we must engage ::ú 1" So-and-So from Bristol. Mr So-and. So from Worcester, and. of course. Mr nd. So. as the tip-top from London, to make oui garments." I say that the packets are a CU1"SI, to any town so near England, and not blessing. Perpetual Motion. Amongst the numerous people bitteD witb curious ideas on this subject was a WelsitmaF named David Jones, of Raglan. In May. 1857. he provisionally specified an invention for obtaining motive power by the combined action ol oil. water, and other fluids upon each other by vacuum or pressure in a certain shaped apparatus. He proposed to produce and main- tain at no expense whatever reciprocating movement of a cylinder so long as water is in the vessels, and to employ suen motive power a prime mover in any convenient manner." Quaker's Yard. Quaker s Yard derives it5- name from the fart that many years ago some members of th4. Society of Friends hdd their meetings and also. buried their dead there. Late in the seven- teenth or early in the eighteenth century Lydia Fell, a, wealthy lady, espoused the cajase and founded the meeting, and a portion of her tombstone was some years ago to be seeD amongst the mouldering remnants of the little God's acre. It is supposed that the Quakers deserted the place owing to the disgraceful conduct of people who used to assemble there when the Cardiff and Mertbyr cauai was being made. Welsh Nicknames. What appeared in your column on SifTm* day on the above subject." writes the vicar ot St. Dogmael's. "reminds one of many other similar instances. Carmarthenshire people used tn be called. Whelps Pembrokeshire folk Moch so aTP the ArgJesey people in th., North called Moch Mon.' The IJanarth people are called Gwarthey A good many years ago an Eisteddfod Goronog was held at Lla nartb. when some wag suggested it should have been called Eisteddfod Gorniog." Too bad "Colhugh writes ;—Th" list of nicknames published in Weish Gossip on Saturday last is inaccurate in many respects- One a'wanting belongs to Llantwit Major, and the men of Risca were called Cuckoos." and not Moonrakers." Writers should exer- cise the greatest care in recording th"sp tradi. tions, many of them having survived many cen- turies, and very often they are of great value to the student of history. For instance. I have been told that the One a'wanting story is common in a district of Norway. It is sug- gested. also, that the men of Llantwit arc not racy of the soil of Wales, or. at least, that thev were late migrants, and possibly came from Norway and brought the One a'wanting story with them. Cymru Fu. One of the most flourishing hiring fairs if. the kingdom is that of Knighton. Ha.dnürshir,,< It was held on Friday and Saturday last. Hundreds of people crowd to it. special being run by the local railway companies, Knighton is an idea! country town. surrounded. by wooded valleys and green fit-Ids. and with. nothing but the lowing of cattle and the bleat- ing of sheep to disturb its rural peace. To its quiet inhabitants the ay fair is a welcome diversion nevertheless, all visitors arc not of a desirable character. To the social student. it is an interesting relic of the Wales of out forefathers, and may be regarded as one of the remaining remnants of the Mahsant. When the members of the Central Welsh passed through Knighton from Llandrtndod ot; Friday night this dd world gathering proved a revelation to them. and some lingered there until a later train to make notes by pen ant pencil.
[No title]
Once, when viewing a musical comedy in t London theatre. ClyJe Fitch, the well-know? American playwright, noticed a young man if one of the boxes laughing uproariously. That l'ellow in the box seems to be enjoying himself." remarked Mr Fitch to a. dramatic critic. H f is the author," said tbe latter We]], then, said Mr.ntch, I think be ought to have hettek- taste than to lausrh so loud." "Ob." said the. critic. until to-night be never beard tb3Sf k jokes. They're the comedian'e aa*s»'