The Cardiff Times

THE GROWING DEMAND for Palatable and Nutritious BROWN BREAD, in which all NATURAL WHEAT properties atI preserved, as also the true Wheatmeal flavour, t met bV REYNOLDS GOLD MEDAL DIGESTIVE WHEATMEAIa BROWN BREAD. Snppiisd by nil Bakers and Stores. J. REYNOLDS & CO., LTD., MILLERS^ GLOUCESTER. REYNOLDS' BROWN BREAD has been favourably referred to by The Lancet." 3705

MUSiC IN WALES. i. By D. EMLYN EVANS. the WELSH CHURCH AND music. \Ji'1:he Rev. Edwin Jones, vienr of Bangor, North *le«, jj^s been causing a little commotion in ain circles by the protest which he recently against the appointment of alien immi- jn ttJ0 SbaDB of English clergymen to His critics object to some of the Us Cg0-j fry tbe reverend gentleman—people J often do, wbBn the truth is nnpalalabls— » *"empt to fasten upon him the statement he disapproves of English immigrant if ts°Ds as Englishmen, adding the threat that e cry Wales for the Welsh raised, it j^15 ba tntjt by the retaliatory cry of England "^English," aDd the consequent exclusion of 0[elsl» clergymen from the sister country. That, ^outse, is begging the question and, to quote vicar, Welsh persons who emigrate into (kJ'R'and> master the language of the people j ''°"Ktt whom they minister. When English 801,8 who emigrate into Wales do the same, Hball cease to regard them as either alien in or speech." g We are, however, not concerned with the question here, but the above will eeneaa introduction, and indicate what 6^l4'°ned the following observations which we fsotn one of the vicar's letters. AH the edral services in the four cathedrals of *h*ies are iQ English. What a moustroaa ^°UaJy | i agfc 0nce again why should the ^ecp'e derive no benefit oat of their deans be chapters, and salaried choirs, who divide \0 them in £l2 The Four Cathedrals of Wales yearly' What would an Englishman >>0 cathedral eervicas in London. Liver- 0| °* Manchester, tvheie there are thousands U e'shnaen, weto conducted in Welsh, and the 10 Rush "stvicea in those cathcdrals delegated «ca°De 01 <wo Parochial clergy? Such a grave its would only require publicity to secure ak°'>tiou. Yet this is what W ales has to 5t»Qte." IT' |Q e disastrous effect of thi9 Anglicising policy ^th 8 &'al1 Chnrcb '8 nowhere moie perceptible 'b¡ 8Ps than in connection with mnsic. An k^glish musician resident in Wales, and *&lT9 se,vicea aDcl talent have always been ^it 8*>PJec*atet'i ence remarked upon the fact MQJ tlJo ca'honral organists of Wales were Ofti ^variably Englishmen. ludeed, we can leca" on0 or two exceptions, and onr j, is that but one of the two possessed a 3^ 'cal kuowledge of the Welsh language. fact was utilised to show the inferior ^t''0a occnP'ed by Wales in the matter of I l0lc8oaJ performance generally, as well aa «t4*D Dlayiag more or less particularly. That 'It" tnt'nc was made some years ago, and 'h# We shall have something to say later on i»j,^teSent position of some Welsh organists, 'be' CommentarY-a condemnation—it is of "ctl01.1 of what is occasionally termed .\11 Ths" Mother Church." t^^a'ural mother, truly, seeing that it has Ùt, 1 80 lamentably neglected to nurture and Q op its own young. b^niog the jE12,000 annually divided tljQ 6tn "fee deans, chapters, and salaried I inOf the four Welsh ca'bedrals," we tha& thoae salaried ohoira would t^lale of their own to unfold In regard to of that division." Still, the facilities W 'tiere the onfa-ae, the musical ritual, the *«<>QV-torces (and the wherewithal to at least Of ti^^se tbem in a measure) a&d the prestige ^>tuiies but the result musically to the If ^aa 6een simply nil throughout the years. I*!} b »«»i fceeu that the paucity of '^bii-6 Welsh ow^niats was due to some iaata id,. 'Hyinour countrymen to master the king of Djll'^ents, then such a fallacy has been effect- lIa, Y dl!pOøerJ of duting recent vears—though tl^ from any connection with the Churob, nor ft0lhto any support or encouragement receivsd Establishment. Ko higher organ Nation exists, we believe, than that of the vj Colege of Organists, and the F.R.C.O. ky Btx?>e"ow o' 'bat college diplooia is now held in both North and South W;ales, iiljw8' *0018 of onr fellow countrymen holJ posts as organistB in Canada, j and the United States of America. h#t this, and more in other directions, has ,e 2oujpjjahed independently of the Church. He teac,y pointed out. dorinir the long years ^Rana were only found in our cathedrals leading chnrchea, their manipulation entrnsted to the alien immigrant." '■he chapel opened its doors to the organ, 'lid tl¡e workman's cottage to the harmonium instruments, we eee the difference 'c»n faults to ua as a people. The organs 'n the ancient fabrics of Bangor. St. *j, ^landaff, and St. David's were much the Ocu, ^0t a'l practical pui'paaesas those which are %J° be met with in cur Bethesdas, Jern- j Tabernacles, but how vastly different tults already. The lesson taught ia So Plainly Written who runneth might read it. hisj e'8<Jly the aametegendis inscribed on the tb\! I)ty of Welsh Church musical composition, tbeS"me blighting inflnances operating also on <>•« producer. The only two Welsh Chorch »i«.c;ciaD9 cf any note that have come to the fore I Ct> masical renftsoence a century or so ago Oil iv^e John Owen (Owain Alaw) and the Kev. (Eos Llochid) —though considerably '•>« j? lll8 lormer. Even Owain Alaw waa not Itect prsduct'of the Church in Wales, for °t Welsh parentage he fvas born at 6t> where he continued to reside until bis associating himself with the Welsh «f0 c" in that city doting his latar years. Some Virt4'0 Alaw's anthenos, however, are auoh as I't, do credit to aoy church, and even at thia b&'ti onr Were the Church in Wales to assert ita and awaken to its duties and oppor- t:1 18Q, there is no reason why the present abort of Welsh Church musicians should not extendad in a very few sears. V>c t has been possible for Nonconformity to P'ish, notwithstanding many disadvant- at least not be impossible for the

Not a Beehive. ^0"owing is told at the expense of an 'tjj. Rentleman who was recently stopping t Ou 18 wife at a big London hotel. B,t first evening there he happened to J'R a. s°niewbat later than bi3 spouse. Arriv- 'he door of what be imagined to be his .an^ finding it locked, he tapped and l^?°Baey'" I "<l!v Dswer came, and he called again more i, sot no reply, and getting somewhat l! Iifh touted the endearing term with his .*C8;Power. ^1« /'ttie a reply came, and in an indignant '• Q*0lce 'TIK AWIY, yoa idiot. This IB a bathroom, ,Wfe. Kept on Trying It. jkX >. *Vs snch a miserable cook." aaifl Dimple- ?i» i8, at I really dread to go home at night, i, n{ aoestion ie gradually disrupting the > Wit^°nsehold." smiied a pitying smile. What do »« I, ber for ? he asked, V c*u«' Wo keep her, replied Dimpleton, 6 ths chaDces are they next qne will bo ^(it'r^*rhy laid hie hanus on hia friend's w' ii» W°'« t» fellow," fas said, "that is the 0l,bls. That is the key to the entire *h «Oo l ^Qseholders, as a rule, are too timid, **ay. I cioo't hno^v which. You take R yca ctm Ket> an^ rather than "q ^«e' i Dimpleton, with some ,»■»«. why should tee change if it doesu't ^Rood ? • point," replied Witherbv, "is this. t0 l-« and know. My method is trouble- I | a ^bilo but it Piive. I keep on changing *!i Vat»f«^Qst t'ie want. I never engage ll,ore tlian a week's trial- Tbeu, if Q»a,hot!?' ^nl £ l my requirements exactly I try Ue- I keep this up until I airi satiafiod. ]5 np8 whi»e you ate doing this, it is more or il 8 tbe only way." a.,1 voa' was thoughtful. I don't know right," Ue said finally. liow long D. lryil)R tbis -I. ">y 3ighed. About sixteen years,' he

• v ■ • v ■ rV, -ws' tllRt iittle spicier has eight eyes, *oromy • iy[y j j wiah I bad been » «a 1 »0 the circus.

Welsh Tit-Bits: Neu Wreichion Oddiar yr Etngiort By CAORAWD. AUTHOR OF A POPULAR HYMN. I have to confess that I have been caught napping. I had occasion to call on a rev. gentle man (an esteemcdfriend). who had been away for his holidays, and amongst other things be told me that be had, daring his rambliags, learnt who was the anthor of the popular Welsh hymna, Bydd tVIyrdd o Byfeddodau;" and Daw dydd o ryaur bwyso." he being most probably of the opinion that he who wrote the one must be the author of the other, as both are wedded in some of our best collections, and labelled Anon." He also gave me to understand that it was Dr. George Lewis, of Llanuwchllyn, who was the author. I did not ask him at the time for the proof of what be said, having every con- fidence that he would be able to give hia author- ity when I saw him again. The strange part of the story is, that when I saw him this week, and asked him for hia author- ity for the information be volunteered to give me a week ago re tbis popular hymn, be could not remember that be bad said anything of the sort, and failed to recall that we bad any con- versation upon the matter of Welsh hymns, and the question, as far as my friend is concerned, must be left there. In the meantime, I bare discovered two things in regard to the hymns in question. I. That the two hymns are not likely to have been composed by the same person, as I find in the older collections I have of Welsh hymns they" are not placed together, and the beat and oldest of all, published in 1830, Daw dydd o brysur bwyao," is in it, while Bydd Myrdd oryfeddodall is not, and in Gomer's Collection," published in 1848, the lastia not there. A.gain, I think I can explain why the above hymns may have been attributed to Dr. Lewis, who was a very eminent theologian, and ticrt a bad hymn-writer. In "CasgliadoEmynau." gan E. Griffiths, of Swansea, published in 1855, we find over hymn 857—" Er myn'd i lawr droa dro j'r bedd," Dr. L. as author. Fol- lowing, No. 858, is Byd1 Myrdd, etc," and No. 861. Daw Dydd, etc., appears separately, with- out any author's n&mo to tbew, or the usual label Anon." II. Upon the anthorit y of the Rev. D. Lenis LUnelly, and I know of no better in Wales (vide the Diwygiwr for February, 1905 (p. 44), ha Bays that the author of Bydd Myrdd o ryfedd- odau," was a person by the naino of David George, familiarly known aa Dai Siora 'y Cariwr," his employment for many yearn having bean that of carrying coal from the Tumble to Carmarthen, before the opening of the railway. He waa an elder with the Calviniatic Metho- dists, and he published a small book, which the Rev. D. Lewls tells os he had aeen, in which is contained tbis particular hymn. David George died about the year 1868, and waa butied at Dan. artbnev, in the 98th year of his age. The first place I have been able to find the hymn is in the collection, flymnau at Wasan- aeth y Trefnyddion Calfioaidd," Gaatellnewydd Emlyn, MDCCCXLI. Caradawc Ap Bran, (Continued.) Aulina Plautus being now joinej by a large force under Vespasian, and Cucins Geta, the con- queror of Mauritania, followed speedily,✓eni found Caradawe's forces much wasted in numbers, drawn up in front of Verulam, the ancient capital of Caawallawn. Here a successful stand was made by Caradawc, until Claudius himself, with the rear of the army, arrived, having come by the way of London, that city, and the tribe of Oatrolani. which dwelt in Middlesex, having made terms and submitted to Claudius. The fear of endangering the great wealth wbich ever existed in London overriding the feeling of patriotism before Claudius, as it had in a former age before Julius Cseaar. The appearance of tbis vast additional forca, supplemented, aa it was! by the unusual andtertibio aspect of the elephauts, under the command of Claudius in person, caused Caradawc to retire to the most formidable stronghold then existing in Britain, the city of CoJcfceater (Camaldominnm), the capital of Cynfelyn and of Gwydvr, as a laet refuge in those parts. In this city be fouod several hundred chariots, which were almost as novel to the Silnrians as to the Romans. These he bad drawn up in battle array on the plain in front of the city, flanked by ail that was ieit of his gallant, though unfortunate force. This march of Claudius, with his ele- phants and bis enormous forcea, seems at this distance about as disproporl iooate an effort as any known to history. There could, of course, be but one result, though that lesult was brought about in an entirely unexpected manner. Ttx British chariot was àformldable weapon, and was calculated to give the Romans much trouble, and Caradawc was not. one f neglect any and every means available, or probable, to inflict dama.ge on the foe. His hope was that the rush of chariots might throw the Roman vanguard into confusion, and that such confusion would enable hia gallant little force to add to their laurels, and give a good account of themselves, though they could scarcely hope to defeat the vast force of the Romans. The tramp of the Roman army was to be heard from atar. On it came, with the elephants in front, in splendid array. The sight of those Btrack such terror into the horses attaohed to the chariots that they all turned and fled in amoDgat the devoted Silnres, inflicting irrepar- able damage, confusion, and dismay. The fight was over before it began. Caradawc had to con- template the destruction of his devoted followers by the very means he had hoped to defend them. Tbis dire disaster, which was enough to cow the bravest man ever born, was fatal to any further present effort on the part of Caradawc. He authematised those smooth eastern plains which had rendered such a calamity ossible, and longed to be amongst his native bills, where be felt certain he could be a match to bis enemies, however formidable. With the small remnant of his Faithful followers he abandoned the eastern paitS) and retreated by way of Oxfordshire, with a heavy heart, to his Silurian home. After this victory at Colchester, Claudius re- turned to Rome, having hrst divided the com- mand in Britain between three generals, with instructions to aubdue the. entire island. For nearly two years nothing oi much importance was done beyond receiving the submission of a number of tribes near to London, and in the Southern and Midland districts. In the spring of the year 47, however, it was determined to extend operations, and to attack the Durotrigea and Duninonii, the inhabitants of the parts now known as Dorset and Devon and parts of Somerset. Preparations on a for- midable acale were made. Vespasian was to pro- ceed by sea from Ricbborough, with a fleet abundantly victualled, and to land at Torbay, on the Devon coast. Auliua Piautus lad his army by land, leaving Geta and a atriali fotee at Col. cheater, to keep the tribes near there in sub, mission, These movements eeem to have be- come known to Catadawc, and as Pendragon, he again took the field, with as large a force of Silares at he could collect, and joined the forces of the BOuth-western tribes at Dorchester, where there was a large and strong British camp, the remains of which are still visible. The war speedily commenced, and a aeries of struggles now took place such as history scarcely affords any parallel to. A mere handful, comparatively, of Silurians and Dumnoniani fought, according to Saetonias. no less than thirty battles (accord- ing to Eatrobias thirty-two), extending over several months. The encamped city of Exeter (Caer Ec) waa taken and re-taken repeatedly. The Roman army was beaten in detail, but trust- ing to its numbers and to its reinforcement, it rallied again and again. Caradawc was ubiqui- tous he was here, there, and everywhere, en. couraging and haranguing bill men. He exhibited abilities as a general which have never been excelled, and bat very rarely equalled. His force never at any time numbered more than one- eighth of that of the enemy—one Roman his- torian says one tenth. His little band, wasted but not dismayed, got worn down to very small di jaeMioaa.

Barnes Tormer (as Hamlet): There is some • thing rotten in the statB of Deumaik.—Voice (from the gallexy): You're it, old rran. "Do vou think Bacon wrote Shakespeare's playa 1" What's the use of asking ?" said the manager. "Neither ofthem can collect any royalties now."

Fashion and Things Feminine. BY MISS IDA MELLOR. An Outfit fort the Business Girl. The woman of independent means, who can stop in when it rains and go out when it is fine, I can exercise a freer choice in the matter of clothes than the business girl wbo has to be out and about in all weathers, an3 must study her wardrobe with a view chicfly to durability and economy. T be luxury of light douses and lace fronts is denied her for ordinary occasions, when something giving better wear and being less likely to soil quickly proves the wiser choice. First and foremost she must provide herself with a coat and skirt costume, and probably in choos- ing her autumn outfit she will do no with a special regard to its utility during the winter as well as the preceding season for with busy bread-winners there are but two seasons of tba year that coont, so far as new clothes are con- cerned. As fashions go at present, one of the most suitable costumes for travelling to and fro would be a tailor-made skirt and one of the new long coats of tweed that are smart and warm. A suggestion for the business cirl's coat and aktEtMRivenby the accompanying sketch. The costume might with advantage be carried out in grey or brown tweed, or in navy-blue 13erge, or herring-bone suiting. Thelong, fashion able coat has an inch-wide pleat on either side of the centre front, descending, back and front, from the shoulder to the hem of the coat and stitched near to the edge. The belt passes beneath the front pleats, and at the neck the coat is finished with a small collar that might be faced with coloured velvet, or with black velvet if the costume were carried out in black and white plaid or dice-checks. To avoid undue weight and superfluity of ma tEn ial the skirt is plain on the upper part and fulness is grantod I below by means of little kilts that spring ont from small straps of the skirt material. The hat accompanying the coat aud skirt is a smart little model for everyday wear, carried out in black or coloured felt, trimmej with velvet or satin ribbons. Her Everyday Shirt. The coat and skirt costume provided, the next task is to procure blouses to wear with it. Of materials most comfortable for antutnn and win- ter wear are fancy flannels delaines, and cash- mere. The fancy flannel tlonsa ja Uneasy first, ¡ Rod is worn by the score {hiring the tolder sea- sons, mttuy charming designs being OLPDiltent -iy the autumn patterns cf blouse flannels, some of which have cream grounds with coloured stripes, floweret's, or checks, and others dark blue, green, or brown grounds patterned with white or coloured spots, rings or flowers. To complete a I costume in the most fashionable manner, the ground of the blouss, if dark, should accord with the colour of the skirt worn with it. Very etlective is a coat and skirt costume of brown I cloth or tweed, with a. btonaa of brown delaine patterned with a small cream-coloured Hower, or a design wherein touches of tomato-red are ap- parent, at the neck being a. turn-over or band collar of cream or coffee-coloured canvas or I guipure. With a skirt of dark-blue serge a shirt or blouse of navy cashmere looks well, and a model from which it might be copied is shown in the accompanying illustration. This blouse would be %ery setviceable to the business gill, to wear with her tailor-made, and it could, oi coarse, be carried out in thin cloth matching the skirt or would be lovely in \elveteen. For the autumn, brown is always an acceptable colour, and,one can picture a very smart, but simpfe and Puitable evervday costume carried ont in nut-brown cloth, -and composed of strapped skirt, blouses after the fashion of onr sketch made of brown delaine, velveteen or cream flannel, and a long coat of the skirt mate- rial. Or a change in the scheme might be effected thus Skirt and pleated bloo*e of brown cloth and long coat of bhcuit-coloured house-flannel the n&w matetial for wraps—pi aider! with pale brown lines. At the neck aud wrists of the blouse sketched are a small turn-over collar and cuffs of embroidered cambric, and the waist is finished with a kid belt rnn through a gilt buckle. Neck- wear and belts are responsible for mach of the smartness of a costume, the neat and fascinating little turn-ovete of cambric that an so DOBnlar doing much to bring to a bapoy conclusion the hlonses and bodices of to-day. r Her Blouse of Checked Voile or Silk. As a change from the simple, somewbat severe shirt-blouse for every day wear, the business girl naturally reouires a smarter pattern for occa- sional use, and she will find it in »be second blouse sketched. Tbis might be carried out in checked voile trimmed with little kiltiugs of ailk, and an inserted front piece of embroidered masJiu or lace, abased insertion being very fashionable, and a pietty change from the vest separate from the blohso. They are sometimes bordered with cress-way bauds of the blouae material edged with ailk frills, sometimes with tborn-atitehing; to which iho outor frill is attached. The sleeves on our model are full to the elbows, and after bt>iog drawn close to the arms spring out in small flounces covering frilla of lace. Instead of voile, checked taffetas lIillt could be used, and this would represent on? of th. f.;Qllt fashionable ideas of the season. tba checks in the nevest silks being quite tiny, so that at a distance no distinct pattern is dis- cernable. Mulberry red is one of the autumn colours, and this ta checked ailk is obarmidg.

SCIENCE AND HEALTH By Dr. ANDREW WILSON, F.R.S.E., Sc. About Identification. In a recent caM tried at the Old Bailey, where two brothers were sentenced to death, the quea- lion of identification was raised. Naturally this question mast always foim an important element in almost all criminal trials. In the case alluded to the identification was confined to a finger or thumb imprint. An officer in the department of the police assigned to the duty of determining identities, aiserted his belief that the finger-print on the caaS.box was that of one of the prisoners, As I understand from the reports of the trial, evidence by means of photo- graphic enlargements were submitted for the consideration of judge and jury. Evidently the xpolice i«re of the opinion of Salem Scudder in the Octorosn, That worthy, remarking of a photograph he took, and alluding to the camera and its work, said the apparatus doesn't lie." Dr. Garson was placed in the witness box. The judge, I think, was unnecessarily severe upon him. Dr. Garaon bad Written to the Treasury, and also to tbe defence, Certainly, it would have been more consistent bad Dr. Gat^on con- fined his evidence and hia interest to one side or the other. To communicate with both parties i\1 not a plocedarewhich cgrmmerida itself to the English juryman, or jo anyone else. Hence Dr. Garson s evidence was held as of no account, or at least. of little value, I regret tbis result, because probably, there ia no man in Britain who knows more about anthropometric modes of settling identity than Dr. Garaon^ Some Methods. When tho Bertillon method of identifying criminals came into piay, Dr. Garson was en. gaged by the Home Office to instruct the police in the defects of the system. I may here add that this method consists in a systematic series of measoromontaof physical features, sush as is still in vogue in France, and such as rarely, if ever, fails in its object. For reasons best known to the powers that be, the Home Office has seen fit to reject and discontinue the,Bertillon sys- tem, and to rely on finger-prints alone as evi- dence of identification. I hn.ve no hesitation in saying that this ia eutirely a change for the worse. Identification in the eyes of every medi- cal jurist is a very difficult matter. In tbe eyes of the public-vide. the case of Beck—it is a most impoitant matter. Anything which tends to lessen ceitainty must affect the character of evidence, and, as on evident is foonded the doom or acquittal of a. prisoner, one may find juries very justly acting OH axiom that it IS better to allow tbe guilty to go unpunished tbau that the innocent should be convicted. Therefore it is thut the question of police methods of Identification should be made the subject of strict inquiry. I do not bere allude to the ciude and unjust mode of placing a man -perbaps well dressed and of a superior order— among a set of loafsrs obtained lrom the streets, obtained from the street^ 9JÓd of asking a prosecutor to identify hina under such unfair circumstances. Ibis is bad enough, but it is a much worse 2»$e when we fiuinlbe police trust- ing to finger-marks alone by wsy of a^king Ajory to say that a special finger-print is that of a particular man or woman, and of faitn other alone. f Finger-Prints.v Why the Home Office has tenouueadahe Ber- tillon system is only known, of conrse, to those who have the confidence of that depaitment of tha.State. Ihe t rench poilce have not*gi»en it up as far as I knqw., ana its records ceitainly give evidence of ldentriicatjQQ second to none in accuracy. Why not_combi0e the two methods — the -finger-priot mode and tiw Sertillon q Coincidences, which most atienatfpon all living things (specially, would bamnch more easily dealt with whoa the two systems are used than whSn-one alone is employed In tbe fiug-sr- print syateui there is a need to sbtlw resemblances and also to demonstrate differences. If the resemblances come to the point, the police argue that the case veers round in their favour. Mut it is not safe to trust such a matter to a doubt, as the old axiom goes. yoppose a suspected man has his accurate measurements taken, und that these agree, aay, with i« previous record, then the finger-prints might hefeaid to snbstan>. the Bertillan metbodg||jj|M«u4ifiefttiou would become a matter of aa^aptF certainty as a jury could wish for. iGithejf^nySuafaione is not satisfactory, bur, personally.jf 1 bto relj on one or other as a means of settling tr.y identity, I would not hesitate for a moment in selecting the Bertillon eyatbm as the Court of Appeal. Identity of the Living. Identification of the living is often a difficult matter; it is more dififcult in the case of the dead. Anyone who has had experience in what I may can the work of tba Morgue, know show sliaht resemblances, altered partially or modified by the hand of death, deceive even near (6lativ801 ia identifying a body. Over and over again a corpso ball. beeD bnried all that say, of A.B,. when A'B. has been alive and has returned ,o;bis surviving relatives. Sometimes the irony of fate intervenes to complicate tbe matter. There was a celebrated case, that of Carolinj Walsh and Caroline Weisb« which occurred in London many years ago. The one woman —both were Irish-wag murdered, snd when the charge was made it was asserted that the woman supposed to have besn made away with had died in hospital. Here, ordioaty medical care showed forth tbe error. The one woman was feeble, dirty, and bad lost her teeth. The other was clean and tidy, bad gone to hospital for tbe treatment of an injury to berieR, and bad good ttath. The result, despite the likeness of name, was that the murderess was hanged. Some- times identity, not of the dead but of tbe living, depends on a chance or trIvial circumstance. In one case a man called Patch was a witness in a murder case. The victim had been shot, and the surgeon toattnert that tbe shot must have been tired by a left-handed man. Patch was duiy called, and on being sworn, lifted his left band to take the oath. He was hanged. Identity of the Dead. The experience ot the 3ead house, as I have said, is one which tends to disturb one's ideas regarding the ease with which identification can be effected. Even a few hours after death, the lineaments may change materially, aca to such an extent as to interfere seriously with tbe work of recognition. Over and over again one reads in the case oi coroner's inquests of mistakes in this senRe being mads, andaRain, the irony of late and cir;umsttjQCe iends.lt9 aid to the deepen- ing of the puzzle. 1 oan recall one instance in (vhioh a woman assured herself as positively cer- tain of the identity of a corpse 11.8 that of her hus- band. In addition t;) tbe testimony, she identified a pocket handkerchief of a particu- lar pattern as that which he was accustomed to use. Yet a few weeks afterwards the supposed widow was comforted (or tbe reverse) by the spec- hole of her husband walking into their hoase. Where special marks exist on a body, livimg or dead, the work of identioeationnatnratiybe- comes of easier character, bot one has only to refer to the Tichborne case to show that recogni- tion, e.en uode.: eacbcircumstansos.ia not always an easy matter. Also, we have to< take into account the matter of likenesses. A man is said to be like another man. What is meant, in this case, by itkeneas 7" Resemblance is atrietiy t relative matter-relative to the persons who judge of the likeness. It may be general, or it may be special. Who is to be the arbiter in tbe case ? I suppose there are many men who pre- sent a likenens to Lord Roaebeiy and to Mr Chapa- berlain yet, on close examination not one of tbam will be fouutl to approximate closely to the resemblance of either. This is exactly where tbe danger of identification crops UP. Wre are all too apt ro accept the verdict of A. or B, that C. or D. resenabJes some person who is wanted bv tbe police. But as things are, I strongly object to the Home Office relying on the evidence of linger prints alone. If we are to drive in the nail strongly, let our hammer be effective, and to this end let us compare tbe Bertillon method with finger-print evidence. No mode by itBelf is cer. tain. Combined, they approach as near efficiency as can at present be obtained. Threatened Cholera. The newspapers have been chronicling the appearance of cholera on tbe Continent, and now a sharp look-out is being kept all along our coasts to prevent any importation of the disease. We need never fear that the ailment will become epidemic, for all our sanitary forces are too well organised to permit tbe disease to gain a footing here. We used to suffer from cholera in a tery marked manner in days whsn our water supplies werd not above suspicion, and when they were allowed to be polloted by germs derived from cholera—cases carelessly treated. All is different to-day. Our water supplies are of excellent char- acter, and whilst pollution from typhoid fever may now and then occur, cholera-infection is unknown. This is because if a ease of cholera occurs anywhere it is at once isolated, conveyed to hospital, and duly treated. It cannot act, in other words, as a focus or centre whence tbe disease might spread. On the Continent sanita- tion in many localities is in a primitive state, and as cholera is essentially.^ dirt disease," it is easy to understand how it should thrive and multiply. Originally an Eastern trouble, itltill spreads to-day from East to West, dying ont in the face of c/eanhnesw bat breedioR: and multi- plying amidst insanitary surroundings.

Customer What is good for a bald bead ?— Tirsd Chemist (deliberately) Hair. A London cabby had brought an action against a lady for not paying tbe legal fare, and in the course of his evidaace he deuiared to the magistrate that he could tell at a glance the defendant was not a lady." What do yon mean by 'lady' ?" asked tbe magistrate. Well, ver hononr," be rejoiced, it's Jike this. Last week I drove a laily to Ring's Cross. When I looked at the minov 1 noticed sbe had gu» mtJ a soveteign luhtead of a, shillin'. I ran-after ber, and called after herthat she bad made a mistake. What mistake ?' says she. You've give me a quid instead of a bob,' I says. • Well, you old ass, keep the change, arid get drunk with it.' Now, yer honour, J calls box a 1 lrdy.'

Illustrated Humour. An Impossibility. "I fa going ont for a little while, said a father to his son. Remember not to let any- body in, and don't let the fire out." I don't see how the fire can go out if I keep the door locked," innocently replied the youngster. Quite Satisfied. Tourist (to boy who has asked for the right time and then set his "turnip") I said three o'clock, my boy, not twelve." Youngster; Oh, that's all right, sir; ehe'tl soon make it np that bit. She's a wunnerfal goer. A Division. "I think the money in the world should Le more eyenly divided," said the long-haired man. Well,'I think it would be better to distribute the hair more evenly," said the baldbeaded one. As He Viewed It. "Freddy," asked the teacher, what does leap year mean? •• One extra day of school," answered Freddy, sadly. Could Not Be. ( The critse on electrical study is beginning to bear fruit. Are yon a conductor ?" asked a lad of the car man. I am." What is your name, then ?" My name is Wood." »' Ob, that can't be," said the boy, for wood is a non-conductor. In the Country. Sally Wouldn't you like to be a lark ? Sammy: No. Just think of the time they have to get up in the morning. Applied, "Now be careful, my boy," said old Cashly. giving his son a. cheque; "remember a fool and his money are soon parted," "Yes, sir," replied the sharp youth; and Shank yon for obliging me so promptly, II Put Oat. Father I bear that you upset your sonp on your node's trousers last night. Son Yes. and I was fearfully put out about it. You told me it wasn't polite to ask for sonp twice. Complete. "Ob, yes, Our hOllle is complete in every re epect," said Mr Proadpop- II Here is our bawi-room. he continued, open- ing the door of the nursery. Good Bargain. Weli Pat, you'rs home from the fair early, hope you made a. good bargain. I "Deed an' I did, your honour. Share the missus gave me eixpence to bay an almanac, and I got twO ov lasht year's for it." A Warm Job. An old gentleomii when passing a yonngster selling newspapers, remllorked- '-Are yon not afraid you will catch a cold on sneh a wet night ?" "Oh no, replied the boy. Selling news- papers keeps up the circulation, yon know." One Was Enough. Algy: Yaas, this morning when I got up 1 thought I'd put in most of the day playing golf, doneberknow, but awfter breakfast I thought better of it. I was *ealt0° tired. Miss Sharp: Yes, I should think two thoughts in one day woold make you tired. A Globe Trotter. A stout, elderly gentleman went to his tailor A stout, elderly gentleman went to his tailor to get measured for a suit of clothes. The tailor, who was a. bit of a wag. got out his tape, and placing one end of it on the gentleman's side, saidfto bJm- "Here, bold this end please, I'll be rouud in five minuti-s."

RMvey I touched Pop for twenty to-day to bny a camera. Think I'll touch him to-morrow to get some plates. Harold "Better bo careful, old chap. Retouching is not always si easy to photography. Boy Mother wants yoit to send har up two of those small abrreis of apples she was looking at. Dealer All right, sonny. I sav, conidti t you ponr the two small barrels into one big bar "Eh? What for ?" 1, Then ibbe coulda's Lzes it through the doot or > pantry."

WELSH GLEANINGS. News and Views in Lighter Vein. Sir Thomas Hughes, a former Lord Mayor of Liverpool, iss holidaying at Llanwityd WeHs. A new organ, the cost of which will be £700 or £800, has been placed in tbe Dowlais Parish Church, which will bo re-opened in October. Since its establishment in 1755, BreconBhire Agricultural Society has held 150 annaat showa, This year over 3.000 people attended, and there were 800 exhibits in 108 classes. Sir Theodore Martin, who is now in residence at his Welsh seat, Bryntysilio, near Llangollen, celebrates his 89tb birthday. He continues in good health. Two of Carnarvon's beat bards—the Rev. n. D. Rowland (Antbropos) and Mr T. Gwynn ones- are just now suffering from severe ill- ness. The University of Wales-the Path of its Progress is the subject of the address which Professor Henry Jonea, of Glasgow University, is to deliver during the coming session before the Cardiff Cymmrodorion Society. Miss Mildred Clayton, daughter of the Hon. Mrs Clayton, who is on Thursday to marry Mr George Montgomery, youngest son of the late Mr Hugh Montgomery, M.P., is a niece of Lord Windsor. Tommy Wicket," a familiar character to North and South Wales visitors, has just passed aw&y at buiitb Wells Workhouse. Tommy earned his living in summer by singing and re- citing at the Wells, and in winier by hawking and odd jobs. That distinguished scholar, Dr. Dowden, main- tains in his biography of Sontbey that the credit of having discovered in Sonthey as a boy a writer of English prose is due to bis tutor, William Williams, whom Dr. Dowden descrioes as a I kindly, irascible, little, bewigged old Welsh- man." Several young men who blove taken their degrees at Universities ate working among these employed at Roman Bridge in connection with the electric wire3 from Nant Gwynant to Fes- tiniog. One is an M.A.,another a B.A., B.D., and two or three Who, after this, will say that degrees are no good t One hundred years ago, on September 13, 1805, the ifimos bad the following paragraph The Rev. Rowland Hill, during a, tour through Wales this summer, has inoculated for the cow- pox upwards,of 1,000 of the poor gratis, besides 3,000 in other districts, without a. single instance of the failure of success. Tbe small-pox, in some places where it began to be fatal, im- mediately disappeared." A recent number of tbe Northampton Daily Reporter contains neatly a column report of the fourteenth annual Eisteddfod promoted by the Northamptonshire Sunday School Union, which continued for three days. Theonly diffei- ence apparently between a Northampton and a Welsh Eisteddfod is that the Northampton meeting is almost entirely devoted to music and reoitation. It was evidently a huge success, the Northampton Town Hall being crowded on the occasion. Sir Lawrence Hogti Jenkins, tbe eminent Chief "Justice of thpHigh Coatt of Judicature, Bom- bay, uaa a. beautiful place in Cardiganshire. It is called Cilbrounan, and here are arranged a large collection of hi" wife's bunting trophies. Lady Jeokins, who has just returned from Somaliland, is a keen sportswoman, and to her gun have fallen, in ber numerous Indian sporting experiences, five tigers, three bears, 12 leopards and panthers, many cheetahs, sambhar, and other big game. Birds sue never shoots except for food. Parallels between Mr Lloyd George and Owen Glyndwc are not, very far fetched. By descent Mr Lloyd George is a Pembrokeshire man, and it is curious that last week he gave an address at Trefgarn Owen, where (according to Mr L. J. Roberta' "Owen Glyndwr") Owen Glyndwr was born. Mr Roberts shows that Owen Glyndwr's mother was the daughter of the Lord of Trefgarn (which Dr. Wylie, the distinguished historian, erroneously took to be Tregaron), and it is surmised that he was borii at Trefgarn. During bis residence at Llanthony Walter Savage Landor came repeatedly into collision with the authqeities. Tbe origin of these troubles sprang, as Mr Sidney Colvin has so well aaid. from his headlong generosity or from bis Imprac- ticable punctiliousness. He had a genius for the injudicious virtues and those which recoil against tbeir possessor, On one occasion be wrote to the Bishop of Llandaff asking permission to restore for service a part of Llanthony Priorv. Hia first Jetter receiving no answer be wrote to the bishop, God alone is great enough for me to ask any- thing of twice." Lady Wimborne (tbe mother of the Hon. Ivor Guest, rd. P.), who celebrated ber birthday on Sunday, is now numbered among leading Liberal hostesses. Few women have such wide interests, political, pbilanthropical, aod religious, and it wis she who was the first to start the fashion of giving a big dinnsr-party before a ball. Lady Witnborne is the owner of the celebrated Hope ttiby, said to be the most valuable atone of its kind in the world. Before her martiage sbe was Lady Cornslia Spencer-Churchill, a daughter of the seventh Duke of Marlborough, and a sister of the late Lord Randolph Cbnrchill. Me Cbarles G. Harper, in bis delightful book The Oxford, Gloucester and Milford-road," has made a curious slip through his apparent ignorance of tbe law of mutation of the initial consonants in Welsh. While delightfully des- cribing Brecon, he refers to Dafydd Gam, and having explained that the epithet Gam was a nickname meaning crooked, he adds :—" I do not find the word gam in a modern Welsh dictionary, bat it is often heard in Shropshire and on the borders to-day where a, iame person is said to have a gammy leg." Mr Harper evi- dently never thought of turning npthe root word "cam," or he would have no diiffculty in find- ing what he wanted. Woodlands in Wales. There are 181 610 acres of woodland in Wales. Much waste land (1,253,813 acres altogether) exists, the greater part of which might be planted with considerable, ultimate profit to land owners. Although the area of waste land is seven times greater than woodland, there are parts in which nothng would grow. Some are bare, bleak and barren, and, in taany instances, two to three thousand feet above sea. level. Other parts. again; are either marshy, boggy, or rocky. A Taff's Well Veteran. One of the best known residents of Taff's W ell- Mr David Morgan, who is 83 years of age, — was present at the funeral of an old Merthyr resident last week. He bad many interesting reminiscences of the Welsh Ironopolis to relate, for be remembered Cvfarthfa Castle being built over 70 years ago, and the first burial takipg place at Cefn Cemetery. Notwithstanding hit grea.t age, Mr Morgan is in excellent health, bia sight and bearing are unimpaired and he is re- markably active. He claims relationship with his Honour Judge Gvrilym Williams. Robin Ddu Eryri. Pilgrim writes 11 I was led to believe that the grave of Robin Ddi Eryri was marked by a tombstone, I visited tudloiv on Saturday last, and examined every stone in tbe old church buryinf ground as well as those in the cemetery. 1 also inquired of the sexton, bat I failed to obtain a single trace of Robin's lait resting- place. I tiod lightly on the giass of both burial grounds lost unwittingly I should be guilty of the reproach of tbe author of • Bedd y Dyn Tlawd,' viz., • Llawer troed yn anyatyriol Droedia arno gyrfa gwaw-V but 1 must have sought for the inouument in the tvrong burial place, for the late Dafydd Mor- gan wg told me he had secured enough fnnds to mark man feehan ei fedd.' Can any reader indicate the exact place v?her»he was buried V* The Charms of Strata Florida. Mr Arthur Bradley stands easily first among writers on Welsh topography. A lady who recently visited Strata Florida in Cttrdiganshirw said^he had resd much on Cardiganshire, but it was Mr Bradley's Highways and Byways ia South Wales that gave bar a true insight into the beauties of Cartli-land. She was muoh strnek by his description of the Tregaru bog as 51.. genuine flat, ead, and sombre Irish bog," andi with his description of that most roaiantie nook- where the scant remains of the Cistercian Abbey of the South Wales Prioeelt-tbe WestminsteB Abbey of Wales-bas been crumbling for centuries. Mr Bradley thinks that most people who visit Strata Florida in any serious mood will give themBeive* up rather to the spell olite great associations, the charms of its inspiring situation, its infinite and pathetic harmony, than to technical investigation." Landor's Welsh Sweetheart. V^en Walter Savage Lander was a young man he led a life of seclusion in South Wales for three yssrs. He took up his residence ontbs coast, of which (as Mr Sidney Colvin says in his volume on Laudor in the English Men of Letters," a volume written with rara literary skill) the natural cbarms were not then defiled as they are now by the agglomerations and ex. haltaionsof the mining and smelting industries. Here Lpndor fell in love successively with twfll ladies. The earliest heroine of bia devotions was called in the language of poetry lone, and in that of daily life Joues. Thus is bowLandor wrote of it afterwards :— lone was the Srat her name is beard Among the hill.. of Cambria, north and soatbj But there of shorter stature, like herself i I placed a comely vowel at its closfl And drove an ugly sibilant away. Enllyn and Llopanau." Professor H. H Jobnson, of the Rennes Unt. versity, who is spending a few days at Llanovec as the guest of the Hon. Mrs Herbert, writes :— Llopanan mawr am ei Traed (Hist. Pwyll) and "Hadw hen llopanau 8V dda lhag y cig ddnvg (Llyfr Medd.) are tbe two examples given by Davies' Diet. (Londini, R. Young, 1(32), where the meaning is said to ba calcea mentum, calceus, pero.* T. Richards' Tfze- saurus (Bristol, F. Fatioy, 1753) gives the meaning, 4 shoe, a sort of high shoe," Dav., he merely copying Davies. The ijea of" elippersao; is thus excluded. Enllyn—companagium ita vertitur in Cad. Lcid. Vox est At Saxonicae originis. Analipene. Efe a ddyly o bob ty y del av Negeseu y Branin iddaw Dorth a'i Henllvn (sowi—sawr').i There are several, of course, of these early-borrowed words, e.g., adyrcop gair iaith Llychlyn yw," says E. Lbwyd. Is" awgrym another Saxoa word ? Village Days at Merthyr. H Recollections of Meyrick, the lawyer, as told in the Sou^i Wales Daiiy News,' reminds me,14 writes a correspondent; of an earlier day, when; one who afterwards became an alderman at Cardiff was a tradesman in the village, mucil respected, and an authmity. At a certain pab. in Glebeland the intellect of the place used to meet of an evening. There were the achooK master, the painter, the chemist, the grocer, and others, and in to the precincts of tbe place of meeting, regarded as sacred, a. commercial ven- tared one evening, and soon saw that his presence was unwelcome. There was a whispered consul, tation, and at the close the spokesman addressed the intruder, and aaid, Yon see here a number of gentlemen who have met for social and intel- lectual relaxation, and do not desire aay strangers, unless they are content to be quiet and simply to listen. That gentleman is the watchmaker, o. man bsttsr up in career than fmyotte. That the confectioner, who is quite an authority about Wellington*. Yonder,' is the schMimaater, who ia great in Eaclidand, FInxtioas. My friend in the corner will give the raciest anecdote you can imagine, and that one opposite is better than any doctor in hit knowledge of disorders, and of herbs. As for myself, baring a fine biceps, if 'tis fighting yoc. want, demme I am your man.' The commercial lookea round, picked up bis sample case, anct withdrew." y Mixed Nationalities. r. Thus writes Tourist —l! An hour In ( border country churchyard is an interesting experience to a Welsh natiooaliat, presuming that the surnamss which appear on the tomb' stones fairly indicate the nationality of those laid to rest. Herewith are given, alternately, Welsh and English names that were copied in Ludlow Cemetery last week Bytheway, Lello Grubb, Oidwallader; Dyke. Meredith; Ree, Griffiths: Jeremiah Fewtrell, Watkyn Price j Slack, Gwynn: Cockup, Preece; Yapp,Crowther; Hodgkisb, Morgan Bloom, Bowan Luscott, Owea Chipp. Powya Medlicott, Pughe. Fifty similar interesting race-names could be enumer. ated. Vipond Lambe Smallpiece and Janos Bretteil Vanghan may be regarded as an Engliafi man and & Welshman respectively who were tha descendants of mixed marriages between natives of this island and those of Continental races. The name Bach may hate been that of a. Welsh- man or a foreigner. Weytn%n reminded the visitor of the distinguished novelist of that name, and, indeed, at tbe Ludlow Statiou I way offored Stanley Weyinan's latest work as being by V a local author. Catching a Tartar. One of the railway tales that ths late Mt Robertson, of Abardare, ussd to tell was of the eaIlyèays of Mr Joshua Williams on the Vale of Neath Railway. Mr Williams on one oecMion WM chatting at the Dare Station with Robert- son, whom he knew personally, and told him of Ihe annpyauce he felt at a series of unpunished robberies on his line. As he did so, be noticed < burly porter, of apparent great strength, and inquiring bis name, wrote when he got back to Neath to send the porter to him. This was done. and soon after his arrival ho was put on the new duty of watching the goods waggons, and was told to be very active in the matter, as the thefts were increasing. The Dare man promised, and was very alert, and one night was tewarde.d He bad gone down to the station after a. goodt train bad been run in, and was standing quietly at the tail, when be saw a man atoalthily approach] and get behind a truck, evidanily to begin operations. Tba watchman allowed some little time to elapse, and crawled down on the other side, and with a rush collared the fellow, and seizing him. as he would a child, in his arms, carried him bodily over to the clerk's office, and hurling his load on to the floor, shouted out. Hera's one of the beggars f" It was Mr Joshua Williams himself. Anxioua Ii" see if the new porter was efficient, he bad gOH to reconnoitre, and was tbe firat victim.

Songs for the People. Andrew Fletcher of Saltoun, in a letter to thr Slarqnis of Montrose. wrote :1 know a very wise man thac believed that if a man were permitted make all the ballads he need not care who shonU make the laws of the nation. IT WAS A LOVER AND HIS LASS; It was a lover and bis lass, With a hpy, and a. ho, and a heynonino, That o'er the green corn-field did pass, In spring time, the only pretty ring time. When birds do sing, bey ding a ding, dinK; Sweet lovers love the spring. Ahd therefore take the present time, With a hev, and a ho, and a heynonino, For love is crowned with the prime, In spiing time, the only pretty ring time, When birds do sing, hey ding a ding, dingj Sweet levers love the spring. M Between the nctea of tha rye. With a hey, and a bo, and a heynonind, These pretty country folks woold lie, In spring time, the only pretty ring time, When birds do sing, hey ding a ding, ding4 Sweat lovers love the sprmg. This carol they began that honr, WIth a bey, and a bo, and a heynonino, How that a life was bat a flower In spring time, the only pretty ring time, When birds dosing: hey ding a. ding, ding j Sweet lovers love tho spring.

FULL FATHOM FIVE. Full fathom the tby father lies Oí bis bones are coral made; Those IHe pearls tbat were his eyea Nothing of him that does fade, But doth suffer a sea-changt Into something rich and stiange. Sea-nymphs hourly ring his knell: Hark 1 now I hear tliem—Ding-dong, bell. SbakospeKfc.