The Cardiff Times

BROOKS' DYE WORKS, BRISTOL, LTN 1: Ftm SPRING GLEANING CARDIFF I I'.AHOH— 50, COWBRIDGE-ROAD. 1731 18249

By MABON, M.P. AOVICE TO YOUNG MEN OF MARDY ON THE OCCASION*"OF OPENING THE WORKMEN'S INSTITUTE AND LIBRARY. Advice, I believe, to young I as, to alJ men, is tery seldom valued. There is a great deal of Rising, and very little faithfal performing. I Innlt not therefore take up much time in Rising. Still, vou will pardon me in pressing Iny Point, namely, that youth should read. j*b'a is a library, and will in all probability '8 many a good and useful book that you will *ot have at home, and may this library be a k**ry of good books." ^it8t of all, learn to read well—to read IHelligeontly-to read so that those who hear the --adin/ sbould understand. Never forget that ^•atimes in Bible reading an intelligent jeering of many a verse of Scripture is by far best commentary possible on jthe same. In the second place, learn, as Carlyle says in lib. of his inaugural addresses, "to Dedis- ^•oinativein your reading," to lead faithfully klld with your beat attention all kinds of things you have a real interest in, and that I k!c b you find yourself to be really fit for, and •! bat yoa are, or mean to be, engaged in." As miners, read Mr Henry Davies, the science and arts night school teacher's, a, Not. to Colliers," an a yoa will read a ereat 01 good matter- Read everything for the -POte of knowing it, Dtn t trust in skimming bvo"- Read all theeletnsntary books on mines J?1* mining. Head carefully the Mines Regulft- J*" Act, an3 make a special study of its code ^•Pecial rules. Then, if von bave'time, tarn attention ta science and the arte* J~'< Chalmers, more than 60 years ago, advised /Working men to read and study both science »rt. For he said that the man who acquired f:)r either had gained a great victory by spiritual over the animal parts of his nature ^tb»t both were a defined abstraction from the I of the ordinary human life^ That, there- the workman who returned to bis shop or bench, his heading or his stail, would not '"con,e a better citizen, a better husband, J**«ter father, but also a better workman from Jj fact that he would bo batter able to get the >srvice out of all things he needed "to help J? following his occupation. tJ^ere are many other things that you may JV* with profit—such as history, and inquire has gone before you on this earth in the T^ilies of men. Read history ancient and s^«cn to a fair degree, the history of great —and of gre.it men. If you do yoa may v^hd upon ic that, as the poet Longfellow said Will find that— Lives of great men all remind a&— We can make our lives sublime," etc. above all, let me urge upon you to be dili- F*. The interest of your lives depends upon j Jr*being diligent, now while it is callied to-day. 4 'bat diligence that includes all those lt^es of cont'acti that on to tbe acquire- j nt of real instruction and improvement. To "ho are young, yonrs is the golden season i| It is really the seedtime of life, i*» which, *3'0tL do not sow, or if yon sow tares instead of lktt, you cannot expect to reap much, and yoa will attain bat very little-and in I to come yoa will bitterly repent. Thete- fyta' resPect' now' t0 *on' '8 6^e fortune time." Now with you the mind is as | »o receive, but will harden gradually, and j become as marble to retaia whatever ij^afiiona of good or of evil that it may have By the bye you will, l»ke many others; vj^eold, and when old you will be stationary. |u c&nnot alter the habits of an old man. Of it may be truly BlLid," As it was in the k^hing is now, and ever shall be to the end." \lIt "d steadily. Do not reaCl too many books read those you do honestly and faithfully. V?6 °* you w'" aKrB0 tllat >c seems well nigh to mark out any definite and con-- 1'De of study when the hoars allowed to 44 so few. Still, don't be discouraged by that, J »heir are some remarkable testimonies to • the amount of knowledge which may be Qlred and diffused by a steady and aonsistent :b|i Of hours gained from laboriona toil. That tI. lij so, all I ask of you is not to wander from St Object to another, and not to treat lightly ^toarficially even any one subject. It may help. to remember the proverb that tells ns to be \te tbe man with one book;" for it rnacl1 truth. The opposition of inch a '■ indeed formidable for be bas tried his he is accustomed to each part of it, | at once apply it to its proper use—and Iv^'mes the man of many books is no match V0t book rsadiog it is indeed very important (Q. ?0a will have an excellent library attached it 11 place. I hope that as time goes along still be found improving, and for that i t'3e k* t^at can happen will be | (should make the bert use possible of it I It comes. that a're*3y I have advised that yoa sPec'a' attention to the biographies tL ^e oi our great men of the past that have ta from the same humble ranks that we our- ^h*9 ^onS to. There you will find encourage- and inducement to follow in their foot- *nore especially if you should catch some that helped to force some of Upwards from the lowest ranks to Bome of ^'8best and noblest positions in life.

Fine Fun for Johnnie. K(t boy has been enjoying himself hugely of He has a passion for elwctricity, and, for Rei really ku^ws a lot concerning that power '*3 uses. One day last week a most awful happened. The girl struck," and the ladiea of the family were reduced to the bitcbenmaids for the time being. Now, I 1 the table there is a small bulb which yoa Nth Tonr foot to summon the waitress | W the kitchen. The boy .Tohnnie found this JW .4<Jd determined to cive his fiisters all the possible. He found that he conld coc- I Nil% the wire under the table with the front-door f k^LThis he did. Ah.?** night the family were hardly seated when I^U^fr went the door-boll. Up inonped ono -S r,»n to the door. No ope there," A^^ported. They were just dishing the fish the bell rang again. This time another LVh-70n'" 008 '^ere- f^h^'le cater wascaiying the roast the aoor-bell W'n"a'D- t go," ordered pater. It's only some boy." W6nt the boil- Brr-rr-rr. 5^u. 6j: who by this time waa thoroughly exae- l both^vitfa the<>»ll and the roast, threw *he carvmg-kttife and spiang to his feet, "itt, R that he'd fix th»» youngster if be cAoght Vo be didn't catcu him. 'o&H ne*r,y a week the young scamped his .? 'horooghly rattled. Peop?? did eome S4 ,nR the bell were not ad wi it ted, and went ft. mowing never to call on the Joneses again. «t>ir T' advanced the theory that it was J™ That scared meter badly, and she there indited a nqfte to tbe landlord, -OIlIJIb: that the house4as baunted and that it v*c*ted at first of the month. ISe as!B,Dt acorriaii to the bonse in double qaick v'Mn a^C*' ^now «g sr»»iething of children, said rh<Se. ej°^P8 6nnJe ouli explain the disturb- ^vylPH0 tl" S wao sent lor. Ha disclaimed any ot the tronbte- went *be rooms. When, he inquired, did this ^rf'oos riDgjag take place. ,#wV*ays vsben we-are eating," said the eldest J*b« ti PRent cogitated for a moment, and then. \?*V f relief, said, Ab,I tbink I have it °*irjid a procession tr> the dining-room. th ttion Actable, he discovered the door-bell con- antexplained to the astonished family oit all. not take his meals from the table M'% d. %s thereafter. He couldn't. r4\—

dt T0 ^bink that Sb«ke»peare moralises I ■" a playwright. Yes," J? ^kui. chum; indeed, it may be said moraljqoB and the urod^ro y

Welsh Tit-Bits. Neu Wreichion Oddiar yf EingUn, BY CADRAWD. Genci'al Election in Glamorganshire 100 Years Ago. Now that there id a prospect of a General Election nobody knows how soon, it may interest our readers to read how these elections were con- ducted, who were the electors, and bow votes were given a hundred years ago. The are of political anl personal batted among the leading families of Glamorganshire have hardly yet been extin- guished. The Merthyr and Cardiff Chronicle" "as a Radical hornet, started to serve the cause of Liberal candidates in the election of 1837, and to thrust its sting into the side of the Tory party. Its editor was a young Glamorganshire man, who had received something more than a sRght from the hands of some of the supporters of the Tory party, and he repaid them with a bitterness that made some of them wines most dreadfully. The fire lighted auring the election of 1837 had not diminished for years after, and occasionally would burst out in a glaring flams. The nominations for the county took placaat the town of Hridgend on Taesday, Aognst 1st, 1837. Mr C R. M. Talbot was proposed by Sir John Morris, seconded by Mr J. N. Lucas, of Southall. Mr Guest was proposed by Col. Cameron, and seconded by Mr Walter Coffin. Lord Adare was proposed by Mr Vaughan, of Rheoh, and seconded by Col. Mackintosh. Fault was found with the sheriff for appoint- ing so early an hour for meeting as nine, o clock, and a squabble enaned., Mr Howell Gwyn, Dyffryn, was Sheriff. The poll was declared on Monday, August 7th, when the numbers were ;-Adare, 3,009; Talbot, 1,791; Guest,;i.500. Lord Adare and Mr Talbot were therefore de- clared to be elected. Glamorgan's welcome dost thou boast, We'1J put it to the test; Thon reckonest without thy host. Thou most unwelcome Guest." At that date a knigfat of the shire was known constitutionally to represent tbe freemen, not the free estates a freehold as the character- istic of freedom in the voters, and votes were according to the number of freeholders, and not in proportion to their property. The following account of the election of 1818, when Cole and Edwards contested the county, was given me many years ago by an old-friend. who had attended the election whenquite a child. Thenoiling was kept open for 14 days., My remembrancer was then only a child of ten years old, and ahe lived at Cowbridge. The polling took place at Bridgend, seven miles away from her home, but the excitement io the county was so great that she induced her schoolfellows to go and see what the fan was like. Neither of them had at that time been so far on the road westward as Bridgend, and the task of securing provisions for the journey had to be thought of. Each one had a few pence, and they took a small cake with them to eat on the road. So! instead of going to Mr Rhys's schooi, off they marched to Bridgend without permission from either parents or schoolmaater. The unwonted i exercise of the walk, and the sharp air of the Golden Mile bad given them so good an appetite that before they ware over the Common they were forced to ait down and eat all they had brought with. th^m. Some acquaintance met them at this place and questioned them as to their destination, and hearing whither they were lionria, directed them to take a pathway at Brocastle across tbe moors, instead of going through Ewenny. When they got to Bridgend they wete so hungry thai, despite their desire to see the election.-tbe first thought was for food, and they were glad to Oieotf a CoWbridge frien^ whom they knew, and to whom they could state thek,wanta. Now, children as they were, the partisan epirit.was BO strong in them that they were ail love for one candidate (Cole) and all hatred against the other (Edwards). Their friend happened to be a member of Edwataw*. com- mittee, and in the height of his good nature he at onee proposed to take them into one of Edwards' houses to give them a good dinner. Oh," said they both in a breath, but we are for Cole." "Coma along, my children," aaid the friend. and don't make any nonsense about it. Come and get a dinner with Edwards, and you can do as you like with Cole after." This blighted their ideas of the benefit their visit was to confer apon their candidate, to be treated thus unceremoniously. With sundry misgivings they went, half afraid lest by accepting the hospi- tality of one candidate thoy should be prejudic- ing tbe success of the other. My old friend had a. vivid recollection of the scene presented by the polling booths—a tent with gay streamers flying from itn masts from each electoral divi. sion of the county, and numbers according to. the letters of the alpababet. A verv pretty sight it was indeed. I have collected some fragments of tbe election squibs which were fired oft daring election times, in which local notabilities ate sarcastically alluded to :— The ancient squire rides oversee gronud Every day with great pertinacity He makes more noise than any of hieboands, Bat has infinitely less sagacity." This refers to old Jenkins, of Llauharran, The Squire," as he was always called, who had but one recreation, and that was bunting. Another eqnib of the same period bit off tbe weak points of tbe Tory gentry. One of them it supposed to be so poor an orator, that having to address a county meeting, he has to be helped to a few ideas. A speech is prepared fo, him,, bat be found it a difficult matter to learn A apeeoh just composed for him by Llewellyn Treherne." Now Mr LI, Treherne's litera.ry abilities were so notoriously small that this spiteful hit at his. weak point was immensely relished by the county voters. Half the interest attaching to these things consists in identifying the individuals alluded to, and in fixing the date of them. When Lewis contested the Boroughs (Cardiff, Cowbridge and# Llantrieant) the cry rafsed was The Borough in danger Lewis—no stranger." If any of the Cardiff burgesses have in time past bad a taste for collecting squibs, wa may (some day have a goodly number of these ephem- eral productions brought to light, for rhymes jwere prodnced then in plenty during electoral contests. Dr. flees, of Cardiff, was facile princeps in throwing off sharp trifles of this kind. It is related of him that during an ejection, and wbileoach party was doing its best to lampoon the other, he was going to see a patient when he met a boy going along the street wish a paper in his hand. The doctor's suspicions were aroused, so he called the lad and questioned him, found that tne paper he bad was a MS. squib from tbe opposite political camp to that which he belonged, which was being sent to the printer. The boy, who was a bad aieessenger for his party, allowed the,doctor to master the content* of tb. document, after which the versatile M.D. torne" ioto one of the Drst shops became to in Duke Street, asked for a sheet of paper, and wrote a stingi&g reply, sent it to his printer, and challenge and reply were posted up on the Cardiff wall. at the same time. When the seat in Parliament became vacant in 1790 by the death of Mr Wyndbam, a con- tested election threw the county into a ferment. (The old veteran bard, Iolo Morftanwg, espousing whathoconstdered to be the canso of indepen- deQce, emerged from bis habitnal quietude and dasbed into an electioneering campaign, launch- ing the missiles of aqoibs and invectives against the opposite party. On this occasion he stood opposed to some of his bast fciendB in the ccunty, but bis. Gwn convictions of rectitude yielded to no compromise or qualification. He ttura himself in his preface to hta poems that the election of 1790 Supplied me with an occa- sion to scribble some trifles, which introduced my verses into Bome notice, and I was encouraged to print them by snbsoriotion." Again in a letter to Owain Myfyr be writes this trades dato September 29th, 1798. The MS. of tbe late Mr Richardson, of Coychnrch, are at Tregxoet*. but though I could formerly have aMCM easily to them, I fear 1 cannot now, as my political opinions have highly offended that high Tory family. I will try, how8"er." Rhyme put op at. Merthyr on a large poster daring the contest m which Goeat w<is defeated For the County three there are, Talbot, Guest, and Lord Adare A thousand pounds t" a glass of gin. Adare is out and Guest is in Twenty years ago the election of December, 1885, was that which immediately followed the pauaing of tbe Bill for tbe enfranchisement of tbe agricultural labourer. Lord Saiisbnry WAS in office, and Gladstone and Chamberlain in oppo- sition. Tbe" Rads," and the tail of tbe Radical party appealed to the ignorance of the newly- enfranchised. Every labourer was to have three acres and a cow" given him by somebody, by whom he knew not, except Radical Chamberlain had promised it to him. The following ia. A Pastoral Lament. 0, A.cres three, O, happy Acres tbfM| S^omiwcl ttm (I wonder where exactly yoa^wll bt," My'acrea three ?) W&tn)Cbareh is disendowed, of.coorse yOUTl TO Tythe free my three, t. Riehloom Icfaoose, nigh to my house Md nanny (Let Smith's be sandy). Then yon will be, as I am well assorea, Richly manured. C_ .Yet wby are yon but three Ob, why not Io«ts Or five, or more ? 0, Cow, 0, CO". that promised art to &n, By orators that every distriat stamp. To free the rtiatic from tbe landlord's thsali, Art then tbe same old cow that once did jump Over the Moon ? for much I fear somehow, That then hiay'st prove all Moonshine, 0, tay Cow." $o much for electioneering promises. Beware of Y Bromais deg, mae'n mbellrøoJ. Sy'ji cadw'r ffol yn foddlon," Hen Ddiarheb Gymrtig#

MUSIC IN WALES, v By D. EMLYN EVANS. FINANCIAL POSITION OF PAST NATIONAL EISTEDiFODAU. Abrochore recently issued—in Welsh—bearing on the above subject is a reprint of an article contributed by Mr M. T. Morris, Carnarvon, to Cymrp""—the well-known monthly periodical edited by Mr O. M. Edwards—and contains data in regard to the financial position of a, large number of the leading eisteddfodau of the past that is informing, and ought to be of service and guidance to futore committees. The author is a well-proved eisteddfodist, who has had experience that is probably second to none in connection with tbe important eisteddfodau tha.t have been held in the historic and eminently eisteddfodic townontheMenai during the, last thrse or four decajes and is therefore able to speak with some authority on the question. The table of events which cuds the article covers naarly a century of eisteddfodic history i.e., from the ^Denbigh Eisteddfod of 1828 to'tbat of Llanelly 1903, only that there are gaps, more particularly between Aberffraw, 1849, and ,Conway, 1861, and between Aberystwyth, 1365, and Wrexham, 1876, due to the fact that no balance sheets of the intervening events were published, or, in any case, that the author not- withstanding, all his diligence, bas not been able to discover tbem. Certainly, a full account of the financial transactions of every National Eisteddfod should be Riven to the public*)for the institution is A National Possession, and towards which the nation at tyrge contributes piore or less in some form or another. As the aatbor states, it is to be feared that a number of thoce whose accounts have dot been published were failures financially and in (jne particular case he rather suggestively remarks that there was special reason, perhaps, for not making the halance sheet public. We bave beard, indeed, of one of these committees of the t/ast^ impelled by 8f deep feelingof mutual ad mi ration, devoting a large portion of tbe surplus to^tfae pnrchaae of solid gold medals for the adornment of themd6Jves--but that in passing. The tables included in this little pamphleu do not give details as to tbe sums expended in^he various sectjoDs-rimsic, poetry, prose, i«t, etc. 1'hiB the author would have been glad to do, he tells !J8, bad the necessary particulars been available. lle, states that there is reason to fear thlltøome of the committees have been exceeding liberal with the musical secti6n; sometimes at the expense of neglecting th, other branches." An old eisteddfcdic hand sucb as ha hardly requires to be reminded that mnsic forma the great attraction, and chiefly provides the wherewithal that meets the expenditure in s other departtnentg. Without mosic there would be purpoor pickings for either bard, litterateur,! or arta-pan. As a fact the .one who has moatJ cause tt\complain under the present condition of things Is ■ ,The Musician—As a Composer. The list of subjects for this year's National' Eisteddfod will serve as a case in point. While nearly TS300, in addition to gold medals, bardic chair, arid crown, is offered in poetry and prose prizes alone—i.e., not including tbe many and important sums given in arts, etc.—the whole amoant devoted to musical composition is the paltry sum of JE20 with two medals, and this ia provided not by tbe eisteddfod committee, bat by the National Eisteddfod Association. Of tbe balance sheets here given, the !arpfe; majority—26- show a sarpluf. Carnarvon, 1877, easily leads with £ 1,400; Wrexham, 1888, j coming next with £ 830 then follow Carnarvon, 1862, £806; Bangor, 1902..S757 Llanelly, 1903, £501; Bangor, 1890, JE492 Carnarvon, 1894, £424,; Liverpool, 1900, £400; and Aberystwytb, 1865, JE399. Between surpluses of £200 and .E300 are found Festiniog, Rhyl (1892). Llanelly (1895), Swansea and Birkenhead. Over .£100, are Brecon, Aberdare, Liverpool (1884), Rhyl (1863), and ■Cardiff (1883) and under that amount Merthyr (1901), Newport, Carnarvon (1886),, Wrexham (1876), a.nd Carnarvon (1880). In the deficit column Pontypridd takes top position, of course, with the huge sum of jE2,519 Cardiff (1899) and Llandudno (1896) following with £6l6 and < £ 590 respectively. As Mr Morris observes, the Expenditure on the Pavilien is the heaviest item in connection with all the eisteddfodau and he adds that the enormous sums spent in some places have wrecked the undertaking, and so discouraged local eistedd- fodists that,it ia not likely tbe venture will ever be repeated by them. He points out that no better buildings could be desired than the pavilions atnbyl in 1892, costing £1,117; Llan- dudno, 1896 (£1,350). or Bangor, 1902 (£1,3671 and considers it utterly unreasonable to spend tbe enormons Bums that have been done in soma places adding that to lavish two and three thousand pounds on a building to be used • for some four days is an unpardonable ;W&8te, and js certain to bring the committee tjnto dimentttes. In the list given the pavilions, whose cost exceeded the lower amount just stated were those of Newport; £ 2,342 Cardiff (1899), £2,458; and Pontypridd, £3,619. Various efforts haA been made towards promoting the bnitdiop: of a movaWepavilioirfor the use of tbe Eisteddfod bat the. obstacles in the way are weighty and serious. In theory the proposal may look feasible and easy enough, but we question whether it is one that will ever be carried cut practically. Apart from the original coat, which would ba very considerable in the case of APermanently Arranged Structure. the expense and difficulties in connection with the storage of BO mach material would be very great. Even if that were all done, no local eistedd- fod committee could be compelled to nae that pavilion. Probably we shall continue our present policy of localism in this matter, but it is to be hoped committees will heed and profit by the Jeasons which may be found in this little publica- tion. The object of tbe eisteddfod—the National Eisteddfod of aU others—should not be the mere making of money. But national self-respect should teach us to conduct it on business lines. To quote Mr M. T. Morris's last words "Nothing is more eonteuiptible than to see tmembera of committees going round after the eisteddfod to collect money in order to make up tbe deficit, or, as has been seen before now, the guarantors and the committee being compelled to bear the loss. AU this could be obviated by, beiog cautions and careful at the beginning.

Why He Didn't Fall Through. Eight-year-old Arthur and siy-year-old.Kitty bad jnst been having a Script me lesson at the bands of th?>ir governess. X say, At fur," said the little niaid, when they bad withdrawn into a corner to discuss tht) matter between themselves, didn't- Mias Brown say that the. naughty devil lived in a bottomless pit ?" Yes, she did," replied the yoath. Well, how does he keep from falling oat, then, if there's no bottom to it V continued Kitty, her eyes big with wonder. Stoopid," retorted Arthur, contemptuously, wby, o' course, he's got an iron bar stuck across, an' Bits on it lTke that monkey that Jones's have got." A nigger charged with theft was asked what he had to Bay in his defence. Well, sab, as I was walkin' down Petticoat Lane I saw a pair of trousers hangin' up outside a shop. 1 didn't know who they belonged to, and, as the jkiaoner is allowed the benefit of the doubt, I took the trousers." Johnny Oat of a berth ?—Jimmv Yes. The bose said he was losin' money on the things I was makin'.—Johnny Wasn't there any- thing else yoa ooald do in the place ? — Jitnn-.y I should Bay not, Anyhow be saij r didn't teem able to do anything else.—Johnny Aoji ffbai ^w yoft ruaJWD' ?^-Jinamj'; Mtgtftkei.

Illustrated, Humour. Composer I hope you like my new opera. Critic Ob,. it a good enough in ita way, and I daresay that it will be performed after the works of Hadyn, Mozart, Beethoven, &ad Meyerbeer are forgotten. Composer (delightedly) Reallv ? Critic Yea but—not till then. Certainly. Teacher Sammy, in the sentence, r. I have a book, what is the case of the pronoun "I "? Sammy (promptly) j Nominative case. Teacher Next boy, tell me in what case to put the noon" book." Next Boy (thoughtfully) Bookcase. MIKE ROBE. Be me Joife." iverythinje is b.amad oa the poor Oirish nowa. days." Pbat's the matter now, Bidfly ?" asked her husband. Phat is they a-b!a«Mn' to us now ?" <( Wad ye's balave, Pftt ? They do be sayiQ* that an Oirishman save the people in the sont, the yallar fever—a tellar L-A lb, name of Mike Robe." A Widow. II Can any little boy or girl tell me the meau. ing of the word_ widow ? asked the teacher, ■ij" Well, Willie 1 to an urchin who waved his hfcnd vigorously. II A widow, a&id Willie breathlessly, "is a man's wife that'a lost her buaband." ,r\ SOMETHING TO BIT. Fitznoodle Weally, Giles, rre got a vewy Door bag. Keeper You have, sir, If I might say eo, sir I think elephant-shooting would-be more in your cior's 'Ar. A woithy Glasgow doctor, while enjoying a holiday in Arran, took tbe opportunity, along with a friend, to go whiting; fishing. Curing operations the doctor's sinker came off and was lost. Here was a dilemma—no sinker, no more fishing that day. Ha. Happy thought, his flask no sooner said than done. The bottle was filled with salt water, carefully corked, and sent down ou its mission. After a few minutes' interval. "Ha," qnotb tbe doctor. a bite," and up he rnIls at racing speed a)ine pair of whiting, one on each hook. lla, doctor, twins this time," exclaimed his companion. Yes," qnotb the doctor, and brought np on the bottle, too." THE MODERN BOY. Father Hello,Jimmy. Goirig fishing ? Jimmv No. I am about to onctotvontto entice certain members of the finny tribe to engulf within their denticulated jaws barbed books npon whose nnemities are placed dainty allurements. The Captain. Wbere is the captain, Miss Brace ?" asked a gentleman p&3eenger of a young lady. » He went to see •« Of course he did a ciLptsiO always goes to. sea," he interjected. »' vvell, I mean be skipped asbore-" '« Ob, no, a skipper gonerally skips tc sea." I mean the captain ran ashore to ie8- He laughed and she sailed away. EXCUSED. She There goes Willie Whooler. tie Yes, he has been excused from carrying a belLpn bis bicycle, ir mhy did 'bey make an «c«Btion ? He: The magistrate aaid h»a cycling salt answered every purpose. Who Said" Feet-" NOW, YOU say, Mr Kolby, .hat JOB atood outside, and, looking over the fence, saw the de- fendant here strike Mr Smith ?" Yes, sah." §°w «•" «• yoa, Kolby ?" Bont five ffl°t six, sah." } Then tell me, if you please, how yoa. eoold stand and look over a, nine foot fence." I stood on my tiptoes, sllh." =-

|:v What is the difference between some eptttts- men an3 some old gentlemen ?—The former preserve their bares, the latter lose.theirs. A man who has no enemies," began the Norwood philosopher. may/be good, but- Bus wha.t ?" interrupted tine Mt. Auborn man. It's a question vibat he's good for," continued the dispenser oli>bilosophy. Mamma What's tie matter with the baby?" Papa: "He was playing around the piano and he fell and Humped his.head on one of tbe pedals." Poor little dear. Is he badly hurt ?" Papa Ob do. Fortunately it was the soft pedal." The Father Yon flRf yon wish to marry my daughter ?" The Y0°nK Man Yes, sir." And yoa ate out of, oniployment ?" "At preaent-yea. sir." Well, what have you got io anil] aj daughter on tentfet parrft aic

SCIENCE AND HEALTH By Ir. ANBREW WILS8N, F.R.S.E., 8c. Water Purification, The subject of water purification Is an impor- tant one, regarded not merely from the point of view of the general public, bnt still more from that which concerns the health of an army in the field. There can be no doubt that a large pro- portion, or at least a certain proportion, of the cases of typhoid fever whtch were so numerous during the South African war was to be att.ri. bated to tbe drinking of impure:wacer containing the germs of the disease. The outbreak of typhoid fever at Lincoln, and the outbreak of former years at Maidstone, as well as other epi- demics seizures of this fever all point to pollu tion of a general water supply. In ordinary circumstances in the case of a town supply, it would appear that ordinary filtration is incapable of removing typhoid germs from the water how- ever efficient "such filtration may be in getting rid of coarser particles of extraneous matter. In all cases in which the purity of the water supply is suspected, the simplest domestic means which may be taken for ensuring safety from the attack of disease ia that of boiling the water and of aaing it soon after it has been allowed to cool. Filtration is also, of course, an extremely important measure for the purification of water, always provided that the filter used is of a char- acter which will actually intercept the micro- scopic germs of disease, and allow the pure or steritisedwatar to issue from the filter itself. The only filters which are capable of effecting this end, as I have previously remarked in this column, are those of the Berliefield type. These fitters, by means of thair special contruction, yield a germ-free water. Other filters, whilst leinvving coarser particles, relatively speaking, from the water, cannot be relied upon to restrain the disease germs from passing upwards. An- other important point regarding saeh filters as those made on the Berkefield plan is that they are very readily cleaned and sterilised. Chemical Purification. Having especial regard to the watec supply of armies in the field, special filters of the Berke- field type have been devised yielding a large output of water. Certain authorities have, how- ever, inclined to the idea of endeavouring to purify water by means of a chemical process, and a recent exhibition of such processes was held at Millbank Barracks, London. It would appear that, in one process, a solution of tbe material known as bromine, contained in a. capaale. is placed in a certain quantity of water, the capsule being broken, allowing its contents to escapeinto the fluid. Thereafter the water is treated with certain other chemicals "y way of removing tbe odour of the bromine. Objection has been taken to this method on tbe ground that the water has a stale taste, although I believe there is no donbt concerning the power, of this procesa to kill typhoid and other germs. A process which bas certainly the merit of simplicity was described during the progress of the war in South Africa, as adapted to the needs of troops, and also, of course, to the treatment of water used for do- mestic purposes. Fifteen grains of bisnlphate of soda. were added to each pint of water. Any taste which this substance imparts to the water got rid of by adding a little bicarbonate of soda. There can be little doubt that this process is likewise effective in destroying typhoid germs. One curious fact is that a very small quantity of a salt or compound of copper aopeara to possess the power of effectively ridding water of typhoid and cholera germs. A solution of sul- phate of cdpper of the stiength of 1 to 10,000 kills typhoid germs, whilst it is uaid that this strength does not affeot th3 germa of cholera. If,however, the solution be increased in strength to the proportion of one to a thousand, such a solntiou kills both typhoid and cholera bacilli. Naturally, the amount of copper which is added to the water has no injurioas effect on the body. A very carioas point wsa eliciied iu the course of experiments in showing that water which has been simply kept for twenty-four hours i.acopper vossels is thereby lid of any typhoid germs it may contain, and tho suggestion bu been made that copper water-carts should, therefore, be used for field service. The demonstration of appli- ances to which I have alludet? was one of extreme interest, and it cannot be doubted that one effect oi.such exhibitions is to increase thepablis interest in all qaeationa relaticg to water supply. Our Drink Bill. Recent statistics regarding theconsnmption ai :Llcobo1in our own and other coontciea .fjorde certain interesting particulars regarding the habits of the people in respect of their drinking. It would appear that, with tbe exception of tbe Belgians, the British nation drinks more beer per bead than any other. It is said that the amount of beer consumed in Britain exceeds 29 £ gallons, this amount being calculated on the total population. Tbe Belgian, reckoned in the same war, apnears to consume over 47 gallons. The German and the Dane follow the English nation, the former consuming 25t gaUonx of beer and the Dane 21. It would appear that, as far as regards other nations, wines and spirits constitute the chief bulk of the alcohol they con- iume. A recent return, from which I quote, appears to demonstrate that whilst wine is not consumed to the same extent as formerly, the consumption has also been steadily decreasing since 1899. The consumpton of spirits fell from 1.11 gallons in 1900, to 0.99 gallons in 1903; a writer remarking on this fact that when trade is good people consume more beer and spirits. With regard to the British Colonies we find that in their case a greater amount of temperance is exhibited. In New Zealand tbe wine con sumption is said to be small, and in 1903 per head of the population, as compared with 0.82 of a gallon for Great Britain, New Zealand showed a conanmption of- 0.75 and Canada of 0.83. These figures, however, taken as a whole, would not appear to show a direct decrease in the COD-, sumption of alcohol, and I rather suspect the truth regarding this matter would be found in the remark that people consume more or less according to the state of trade and tbe condition of national prosperity. Such figures only serve to »bow how complsx a question that of alcohol is« and bow many different phases and aspects it presents for review by the social reformer. A New Disease. An Article was recently published in the "British Medical Journal by Mr W. D. Spanton, F.RC.S., of the North Staffordshire Infirmary, on asubject which, it appears to me, is of high BociU importance. The address was one on Etgophobia." under which term Mr Spanton indicates a tendency or condition marked by an aversion to",work. The lecturer madesome very efficient and caustic remarks an certain effects of lObe Workmen's Compensation Act in inducing tiieonset of the erjlopbobia" condition. Mr Spwiton claims that in due time that condition might be placed amongst 'the epidemic diseases, for. he adds, it is surprising to fini how it spreads amongst certain communities. He gives the case of a man or boy who, in the course of his employ- merit, receives a trivial injury. He recovers practically from the injury, but it is made the subject of an excuse for compensation. If the case is decided in his favour. Mr Spanton reo marks that the lad finds himself quite happy iti the possession of balfhia former wages. He can go to football matchesj loaf about; manage to live, and does not care. By degrees, Mr Spanton continues, he finds this existence is so pleasant that lie comes to dislike work. He becomes afflicted, in other werds, with the new disease, Ergophobia." Some Examples, I do not suppose that Mr Spanton for a moment mean's to insist that all cases are like those he quotes as examples leading towards the de- velopment of the no-work tendency, but it is quite certain, even from tbe words of Labour leaders themselves, that there exists in this country a by no means inconsiderable propor- tion of the working classes who have", decided objection to employ tbeir talents in the exercise of their vocation. Tbns Mr W. Crooks, M.P., once told the Honse of Commons the story of a man who went to a foreman and asked for work. The foreman replied that they had hardly work enough to keep the men going. The man re- marked that that did not matter, because any- thing that he woald do wonld not make any difference. Another story of Mr Crooks was the lazy map who, when called by his wife at 6 a..m., inquired if it rained or if it looked like tain. He received a reply in the negative. Then, said Mr Spanton, the slnggjurd murmured, I wish it was Sunday." I have chosen this subject as one of our topics to-day for the reason that 1 think it possesses a very distinct moral for the nation ut large. Mr Spanton says that should this no-work tepdeney become general tbe condition will be intensified in the next genera tion, and the English taeewill tend to degenerate from a hard-workingsturdy people to a pampered and back-boneless one. I have no concern with questions relating to fiscal policy and tariff reforms, but I am distinctly of opinion that those who are studying this important question will do well to bear In mind that conditions of production form a very important factor In aeter- mining the success or the referee of a nation in respect of its commerce. If we cannot manu- facture and produce as rapidly, as frtety. and as profitably as other nations "e ate bonnd to lag behind in the race far existence- Mr Spnn- ton's paper, I bope, will be reprinted and widely dfetr) bated.

Overdone.—Binks: So you think there's a world of hidden meaning in my poem ?—Miss Gushe: Ob, yes and well hidden, too. Undonbtedly.—She i 1 met that rich Mrs Newcome to-day, and I couldn't help thinking— He Yes ?—" That sometimes when money talks it uses very bad English. The other day a. lady, looking very worried, entered a London banlr to consult the manager. I am wanting to invest aotce mooey," she said, and I don't care how little interest I get so long as the inveatoient is perfectly sound." "Well," said the aianae,er, the best thing I can advise you to do in the circumstances is to put it into Government securities." t. Govern- ment securities," she exclaimed. "Batdqycp tltfnk the GroYcromeDt lik«)y to bold Pa*

Fashion and Things Feminine. BY MISS. IDA MELLOR. A Charming Cloth Dress. It is the exception rather than the rale when new fashions, taken as a whole, favour particularly the figures inclined to be ateot. Yet it may be said that the very latest modes are thus kindly disposed, and those who hMe generally had to seek for special designs in order to equip themselves fashionably and suit- ably, owing to a tendency to embonpoint, which calls for very careful dressing, now find on every* hand ready-mads costumes that suit them well. A bodice typical of the latest cry is cut very low in the neck, fits the figure, and is entirely draped,; and in all these points it is bacoming,to the stout woman-not that the plain tight-fitting bodice would be her belt friend were it unaccompanied by drapery, and the aforesaid low cut neck, but in conjnnctlon with these it suits her well and it may be borne in mind that a deep V is more likely than a round or square cut neck to tone down a figure. The dress sketched is a smart French model, embodying the points alluded to, and therefore specially becoming ho a stout woman. It is created in black face-cloth, trimmed with inch-wide black velvet ribbon and black velvet buttons, each as large as a halfpenny. The bodice is entirely draped, and is cut with a gentle slope at the neck—that might even be extended an inch or sn lower-and the sleeves are very wide and are strapped at the elbows. while the filling in at the neck is of fine lace insertion. The mojel from which oar sketch is made is a princesse drel-a-that is. skirt and 'bodice are nnited, though made serrate in the first instance, the union being concealed by the narrow band of velvet ribbon that marks the waist, the ribbon that descends the front of the bodice being continued down the skirt uninter- raptedly. The same effect, however, might be gained were skirt and bodice unattacbed and in this case it would be highly advisable to sew a few books to the bojics and corresponding eyes to the skirt, so that no gap between skirt and bodied is perceptible. New Millinery, Truly wonderful is the transformation that has talisti .fi)ace in milliuery—from the cart., wheel pieture hat to the tiniest of turbans, no .bigger than a man' j collar box. The most ab- surdly dijainnti/e hats, quite round and brim- less, like a'pork-pie, or provided with close, up. turned brim. as high as* the crowns themselves and deviating to a abarp torpedo point in front, are the novelties of the hoar-more novel, per- haps, than strictly beautiful becoming enough, ( however, to the petite frerson, dainty and well- groomed in appearance, but somewhat trying to the average woman accustomed to large hate. Flowever, there is taIwaya moderation to be found, even among uew fashions, and moder- ately proportioned hats as well as large ones are among modes for the spring. The bat sketched is a pretty model for serviceable wear, carried aut in brown or green soft yedda straw, or the new moss-straw, with a bnnch of quills or spear-shaped leaves piercing a bow of ribbon- velvet on the upturned brim. We have with us also the plateau bat, lifted high at tbe back and crowded theieabont. with flowers and rib- bons, a simple wreath of flowers-or perhaps only a. knot of satin-ribbon-being laid upon the crown, which sometimes has the merest sng- geation of an elevation in the centre. A Morning Shirt, For the everyiay shirt, to wear with simple tailor-mades, spotted delaine is one of the favourite materials, and appears in all sorts of pretty colours for the Spring-such as pale bine spotted with white, myrtle-green with pale green spots, cerise with black soots, mauve spotted with white, antl so on. Box-pleats or knif$-. pleats are much used in the making-tip of atairta, an^pretty touches come from the cravats worn, which are sometimes threaded through slits in a centre box-pleat as in the shir* aketohed, the original of which in in reseda delaine spotted witb white, the tie being of soft black silk. A few little bnttons trim the box-pleat and caffs, the latter being very prettily shaped. An Economical Hint. Fashion demands silk linings, both for coats and skirts-more especially for coats but to comply with this extravagant little whim in its < entirety is not always possible, and gentle sobter- fuge has to be resorted to, such M, for instance, the lining of a long coat with sateen, or some Bucb inexpensive material, and merely facing the fronts with silk or satin, and the mountings of a skirt on sateen flounced with silk at the how. In this way the effect of a silk lining is obtained &t a small cost. An underskirt of silk, worn in parts, and of no further use for its ori- ginal purposes, can be cut up and put to good use, if not worn too thio,.M a lining for a bolero coat. The Toilet of the Nails. Much of the beauty of the hand depends upon the manner in which the nails ate trimmed and kept. Above all must they be scrupulously clean next in importance is the pushing down of the flesh at the base of the nail, so that the milk-white lunar is fully displayed. It is quite an easy matter to keep the nails in periect condition by the aid of a mere half a- crown manioure case (containing a leather 0t j&prft .mall box of rose-pink powder, and a tiny brush foe dusting away the powder round the border of tha nails), a pair of sharp nail-scissors, and a nail-brush. The care of the nails-alas, too frequently neglectod — becomes a fascinating occupation when regularly performed, because tbe reward is obvious ani great. A simple treatment is to anoint the nails with a goock toilet cream-after they have been steeped in hot water and scrubbed clean with a nail-brush and soap—which will help to brighten them then wipe it off, tint the nails with rose-pink powder, applied with a tuft of cotton wool, rub them with a soft piece of cambric, and finally polish them with a chamois leather pad. Once a week the flesh ronnd the nail should be lifted with the tip of the bone nail-cleaner, so tba.t it does not adhere to the nail; and to avert this again the flesh should b e poshed back from the nail every time the hands are dried after washing. Non and then a little lemon juice rubbed over the nailn is useful, as it helps to take away the marks left by encroaching flesh, nnd also removes ink and such like stains. The nse of orange wood sticks is also recommendej for cleaning the inside of tbe tip of tbe nail; but the ends of matches, sharpened to a point, will answer tha potpose equally well witbaut the need of special instruments. The nails, before being cut, should* always be steeped in bot water, to soften them, so that they can be tbe more easily pared and, if possible, they shonld each be cut in a single piece. For this purpose special scissors, shaped to a. carve, are sold with manicure sets. The indent Greeks aud Romans pared their nails with knives—and the toilet of the nait was with them quite an important occupation. Spring Costumes. Spring is heralded by a refreshing assortment of cool-looking material in pale, seasonable hnee, greys in their various gradations always being a welcome addition to the list of Soring dress- colours. The tweeds, homespuns, and frisae goods io pale grey, especially commend them- selves for useful wear, the light colour being ap- propriate to the season, V'hile the durability of the materials reader them economical. A touch of blaok velvet or black braid ie a happy relief to a. grey costume, alid"the smartness of a black kid belt with gold slides adds considerably to the charm of the waist, while wise is the woman who grants to her grey tweed frock cuffs and collar- facing of soft blaek kid. Banbury Cakes. Here is a nice recipe for Ba-obary cakes:- Take 2lbs. of currants, Joz. of ground allspice and powdered cinnamon, 4oz. each of candied'' orange and lemon peel, 8oz. of butter, lib. of moist sugar, and 12oz. of dour, and mix all to-, gether thoroughly. Roll out a piece of poS" paste, cut it into ovals, put a small quantity of the mixture on each piece of pastry, and rlooble up the cakes into puffs. Place them on a board, flatten them with a rolling pin, sift sugar over them and bake them in a hot oven. A Household Hint. To clean zinc pails or baths, wash the vessels with hot aocfa-water and soap and then apply a costing of a. smooth paste mado of ammonia and whiting, well mixed together. Leave the. paste to dry, and then polilbthe veiaels wtUm leather. Answer to Correspondent. H.C»—The simplest thing vou can nae to. chectryour hair from turning grey is a sulphur lotion, which, no doubt, yoq can get from any chemist. The nse-of ail or brHHantrne to the hair will also help to retain tBe dark oolour. A mixture of paraffin and castor oil (or brfl- liantine) is reoommended- equal quantities of each —and this is a very cheap remedy. I have known those who have benfited much bylibU simple prescription; rubbing abOUt a teaspoon- ful of the mixture into tbe scalp two or three times a week; out 1 must also add that others advise the use of scented oil without paraffin, declaring that the latter is good, for encouraging tbe growth of the haix, bat aggravates the ton- dency to greynoss.

f WELSH GLEANINGS. Lord Tredegar gave another proof ,:)Of bia as* 'f conventionality at the Sir W. T. Lifiwis dinner on Friday. He WM tee only gaest &'t the ero?* table that'had not donned an evaming dress. Swansea Is credited with a cfeaire to secure tha National Eisteddfod of 19í11 to be held in that tQwn. Swansea bas undoubtedly taepre miet claim to selection, and if the application be made it will doubtless be welcomed. -or- Archdeacon Sinclair, of London, is takin?' keen interest in everythingifWelsb. At the rø. i cent St. David's festival at' St. Paol's he was' able to pronounce the Benediction in thov language of the Cymry, If the revival spirit continnes to spread and deepen much more, who knows but that soon we may see the Bishop of St. David's officiating at., a Methodist Sassiwn, and a Welsh Nonconformist preaching at Llandaff Cathedral ? We are at last proiniaed a. cofiant (memoir, of Gohebydd. who did as much as any man ia his day to promote the higher education move-, ment in Wales. Jt; is to be written by his brdther, and pnblishe.1 from the Baner Office, Denbigh. What committee ia this ?" asked Conn- 'c oillor Ramsdale on taking his seat in the £ ouneil Chamber at a Tramway Committee meeting. The other councillors laughed, one of them re- marking that it was a fortunate thing the ex- alderman was known to be a teetotaler. Cardiff Docks Conservatives aroacch frolic- some souls that it has been deemed necessary to post np the following notice at the Dooks Con- servative Club :—" Members are hereby warned against practical joking. The committee are determined to pat a stop to anysachpractieea. Any offender appearing before the committee will be severely dealt with." The recently appointed lecturer in agriealtnr* 1 under the Glamorgan Conn tyConnciL, MrHedger Wallace, ia one of the greateat living authorities on nature study. He is tbe chairman of the Council of Nature Study in London, and he assisted with Professor Michael Sadler in draw- ing out the Government reports. Mr Wallace has been incited by tbe Cardiff GuiW of Teachers to address them on nature etuiy attheUntver- sity College; The revival is making its'mark'upoa tbegu&rcy- men of Arfon and Mairionydd. On many a slate- slab in the quarries is to ba seen the words, Dim rhegi yma (No swearing here), a quite unnecessary warning under present conditions. At Glyn Rhonwy quarry (Manberia) a Bible class is held during the leisure of the dinner hour, and almost the-whole of themombere are new converts. People travel long distances to Bee this unique gathering. Satalday's football match caused many a wrench of feeling among the many converts of South Wales. One at least ordered his newsboy not to deliver him his football edition, but wheqL be beard in a. Canton tramcar that Wales had won the "ttipie crown," he rushed out of the tramcar for a paper, and when be returne(lbe found he had forgotten to wait for the change-of his sixpence! Truly, it is hard to stiffe the ruling passion. Tbe" Goteoad" notes with evident trepida- tion that a cricket club has been established ia connection with tbe Plasnewydd C.M. Church at Cardiff. The editor is somewhat apologetw in inserting the note. Some," he remarks who area little old-fashioned may blame toe fcr recording this fact. But to record facts ia my business, is it not ? Especially facts taat indicate how things are going, P.S —Tbie it one of the signs of the times." Evan Roberts as He Was. 10 the March issue of "Y Dryeoifa striking pictdre of Evan. Robetts as he was im- mediately before the revival, as a. student at Newcastle Emjyn, is given by the Rev. Evan Phillips. We here," he writes, were very well acquainted with Mr Roberts for about six weeks. The last fortnight was a period of darkness and of fire. Nothing could bsve ex- plained the last few days be was here, except the history that he bas to-day. On reflection ns see that God was prepaxipg him for his work. We saw in him a now young man—different from all around hím. His looba were iliiierent, his laugh was different from all others. Tbem was some brightness in his face, especially at times, that tempted ns to think we saw into bim and even through him. He was, as a man of prayer, one that all talked about. The. only inference we drew at the time was that be waa a youth of ability, who had a good religion. There is no explaining Etan Roberts as be was except in the light of BvaD Roberts as he is. Tbe spiritual world has been broaght so near unto us now that we, afe ta no waj.Bftrposod that he sees virion*