The Cardiff Times

AMBER ALE, I Vf X PALE ALE. STOUT. \'C' tNOASK TERMS, (tc. N. STOUKS 4NB OFFICES- PENARTH.ROAD • Near the Havanna-h Training Ship) CARDIFF. 15604 X

WORKMEN'S TOPICS. I OUR FOREIGN TRADE. The Other Side of the Picture. BY MABON. J)Orting upon the foreign trade of Japan. r Consul Lowther at Tokio remarks that the J"1 States are by a very long way Japan's t customer, though the British Empire takes Per cent, of all Japan's export# That in the »^^°rb trade of JaPan- <*reat Britain, notwith- standing all that has beeu said and written ^Peeking the declining trade and the results of ™ernaan competition, is still far in advance of other country, is shown iu the fact that | 6 imports from Great Britain were nearly four- old those from any Western counter, and from ry, •be British Empire nearly fourfold those from China. which stands in the list next to Graat Britain as supplier of Japan's requirements. The Oonsnl says also that so far there IS not a parbicle of Justification for the fears that are so often in late years that either Great Britain br the British Empire will fall behindhand in the race as far as the aggregate values of imports to tfapan are concerned. Experience, he says, shows differently. The chief test of Japan's import trade *Od of bar export trade to the British Empire is at Hiogo and Osaka. Yokohama also has indirect Brita *1 "l imports anci exports with Great Japan has made considerable advance in fort>ig>- .r* e daring R period of ten years. In 1885 the va'ue of her foreign trade was only 64.000.00 dol.. and in view of this poor result, after an experience of nearly 30 years, very gloomy icipations were then formed of the future. u these anticipations, we are glad Ito*860* ^ave been greatly falsified. w the 64,000,000 dols. of the total of 1885 had jj'own into over 230,000,000 dols.. the 28.000.000 ols. of imports into 117.000,000 dols., and the 36.000.000 dols. of exports into 113.000.000 dols. "d while special circumstances may occasionally ?Wse in some one year a fall in these figures, no need now be entertained of any permanent ""amotion for, as the Consul explains, what **re Juries to many Japs 10 years ago are now and as their productive capacity an **«>«al enterprise increase, as most undoubtedly '"•y are now doing, and bring them greater gam frln their exports, so will they become more xj*1# and able to purchase from abroad, W*>ile the trade from France had in 1894 only "Xfteawd to the value of £ 29,703, and that Germany had actually decreased to e of £ 122,083. the imports from Grea J"^in in „bB gam(, year increased to tbo «846,927, and to the British increase from both of the value of £ l<o • ^foreign trade of Japan under new treaties W,1) 'n a few more years be entirely freed from factions that have hitherto hampered it, and '• anticipated that this trade will be yet con- lliderably increased. The above must be admitted to be very conso. I"- hub coming an they do from such a far-off of the world, wo dare not and must not ourselves to be deluded and to ding to the that we are still remaining the workshop of World. We are not. And this now should considered full of portent and of **Wsti»eness to those that are ™d'- OQ th0 future of our country. Io Edition to the facts adduced in oursof last week regard to Germany and Belgium theymay T? s»pplemented by facts from the iron an of the United States, where vas* •Plendid machinery, not to dilate on the Quantity of said material, puts ours in the shade, furthermore we will have bye and bye reckon with Russia. Her vast resources are jus winning what will doubtless prove a great in- career. At 800D M her railway system's •uttciently deveWd her industrial expansion soon tell on al) Europe. And our chances as the world's workshop will diminish accordingly, •nd the manufacturers of Great Britain will have »r''°usly consider how our future ^Ponding position is to be .mproved. they will have to b°°',r •JMnselves out of their insular groove. ldle *»eeit win bQ of D0 further avail. We have „ that other countries can outstrip us on'n our own lines. It will be no good to rest P^t achievements. If that is done much «,a?er\shall receive such a rude awakening hl. shake the fundament* of our mdustria iav^*5" W6 ve°ture to prophesy that the 18 not so very far off when our great manu- ICJ, l*rer8 will be glad to accompany or to be ""Paoied by their workmen to seek tn» kanH*'1' some of the impediments that t><*P the trade and commerce of this country. extravagant royalty rents, and ''ell*1 wayleaves are oftentimes unwise as tt»M Qnjnst incumbrances thereon. A cheaper S|h Wt)J soon become essential if in future are to continue their former success. The Cengregationat Union. 6 ^un £ reff*tional Union have jost held their Of V^1Bal meetings at Brighton, and the number was larger than on any previous Cttiat-.j°°' Prominent among the quostions dis- 0fo|^ ^as ^at of Education and Christian jj I and it is encouraging to find that this th0 '8 Wel1 Prepared for the impending Jonflict Bnt* question. the most significant facb abovo I ^Proceedings of this, as of all ecclesiastical I is their marked change of tone towards Questions. Principal Fairbairn brought out ^ith*6* attitude most clearly, when he insisted Rreat eloquence on the truth that The an(^ the man was one and ^Parable." This truth was c^isistently I rSeaiSOd in »U the speeches aud papers I Bub it received special emphasis by Dr. ^Hri r" of Hampton, who suggested that any u man and Christian minister could attain ^t knowledgo of economic science to preaob Icon °°'rine of Christ as it stood over against political economists working from ^P°thetical science which brought in its 4 P"«udo morality. Thus many people said )*J«1°,U8bb to buy in the cheapest and sell I rost, and pay the lowest wages. Every J teacher could make it plain that that ^olit Was 6imP]y a relative "ought." • *°°nomy no necessity, and the oetical "ought" was not a categorical W>*t ktive. But the doctor gladly recognised I had come over economists, and n influence was at work among tf The time had passed when the making ^•Drk WaS tb# prob,em of tb<> nation. ^ltb.0 now was, be urged, the right use of *Ppro a maD tras not justified in yam a Ing as much wealth as he could, but I ^noh as bo could without injury to any- 't was morally and eoonomioally to accept labour without paying the Thfj0* livil,e wage l" 0rBgoing are words of wisdom, and they f1'^eront to what somo of us had to lr%4a somewhat very difforenb-](,,ss than 20 fcftihi every workmanV representative 0 °hange with grwit satisfaction.

,voted TTNI ON THE WBATHB!&—"Sir. you ft'" >Viid f°r the night of the 21st Septem- tr9 sirn., °'d American farmer, as he entered ILdiSf; at Cleveland. "Yes, sir." "And "No, sir." Well that IIbe II caught me with 800 bushels of apples Sorry and I sold the lot for half-price." <i w_"Ut the Bureau is sometimes mis- ta* ch»D I want you to help me out of it. Jhw8, If» ?ot my apples has 40 aoies of |a J?r w' only predict a regular freeze- >»• a n,8',t, I ken get them fraters for 8"e^ and come out all solid J" 1;iR ovar school inspoctor. finding a class hesi- «lid,llQWeting t^10 question, With what > to r^r'itt,so" 8,ay the Philistines?" and opb. them, significantly tapped his toteur a»k6d. What is this V His iik>f the chords of memory," the jawbone of

Andicw ^thit"believed that if a man wera permitted to h«r-ed not care wto shouW make the laws of the nation.

THE ABIDING. Wishing for to-morrew. Sighing for yesterday Vague the delight we borrow- Vain the regret we pay I SfJk of an unsoenscirrow Still in the night we stay- Wishing for to-morrow. Sighing for yesterday. Here are the joys that vanish-^ Hore are the sweots that pall Rif. in the hours we banish, Thick in the sands that fall a nrl wo fly to our towers that are Spanish- Castles that rise at our call- Where am joys that cannot vanish, 4nd dolighis that never pall Nothing has life but illusion—■ Nothing abides but the dream A far from all change and confusion Lies the region where things only seem Sacred from time's intrusion, In Light everlasting they gleam Nothing has life but illusion Nothing abides but the dream I

MY CAVALIER. &.0. 1662.1 tnne mT lute for a happy song, And dash the chords full loud and clear. For a p»an of right our canting wrong, And a merry lay for my cavalier. ord The wor, dumb thing has said a word Ts1„Ke day when my hero went bold down To shout bis cry and to flash his sword. And rally for England's laws and crown. 'Neath thewhite-plumed hat his 'ove-locksdanced With the summer sough as he rodejn ig Or glinting mail, and the sunlight g On the Spanish blade of mycavaher Mv love-knots, twined in his charger's mane. Fluttered and waved in the sighing A, i ww them trample the bossed campaign, And shining among the linden-trees. At Cromwell breach he led the way, And rebel roundheads ran like deer, Nor cared to bide or strive to stay The lightning charge of my cavalier, Stafford Hill the Spanish steel °sS».rt ff»PP«d d' «-»* And by his stout right arm and leal The sward with rebel corpses strewed. f Roundaway Down he charged away. And scythed their ranks with a ringing cheer Rushing where hottest waged the fray, •' For niy king and love.' saith my cavalier. Marry small sorrow have I for their dead; Could all his enemies perish so A« she oraying warriors darkling fled. And the psalm-tune died in a shriek of woe. So I tune my lute for happy song. And I claa, the chords full loud and clear. And I sit for a summer's whole day long Ji.irping my peerless eivalier. II. HARIlrOOT.

A WELSTTPOIRS" NEGLECTED GRAVE. W-Ues is often justly accused of continuing to neglect the unhonoured ashes of her greatest sons. Louise Morgan Guiney makes a timely appeal with reference to the condition of the gravo of Henry Vaughau, called "The Silunst." poet and mystic, who was born of an ancient Welsh family settled at Skethrog-ar-Usk, in the parish of Llansaintfraed, Brecknockshire, in 1621. Writing to the Athenaum from Boston, U.S.A., on the 1st inst., she says:— I devoted some memorable days of my vaca- tion to the Usk Valley in Breconshire, a beauti- ful region, lovely as Eden, and unexplored even by coaches. I went into it and ovei ft with a single mind to Henry Vaughan, the Silarist, a favourite old poet of mine, who thought himself oo-eterual with its hills and waters, and who is most successful^ forgotten in his own Wales and elsewhere. I walked to Llansaintfraed, and found his grave, and a, couple of miles west, the house*Newton-on-TJske, where ho was born in 1621, and where he died in 1695 The house is a fine one, now used by a farmer and though not ill its own ample acres, as heretofore, it is well preserved and in no danger. But the grave It occupies an extreme north-east corner of the little Llansaintfraed churchyard, where there is not a thing else of any S^or interest whatsoever. The slab of the tomb is broken the Latin inscription is getting dtm under au old yew tree, probably planted there to keeu the poet's dust company, and heaped all Xti,S*r.d,.d tauhj ,H««, I.nctaj rotten wreaths, fragments^of crt^kery, and confusion unspeakable and P shed is so placed against m«sb that the operating ^^ban>a burial-pl<ice, and st^nd on Henry g „n(j soot, oculo shower it with eternal sli* h was built, ten vrreiorlo. bmce the new cnu years ago, aud the coal-shed s coll'mon ,rony been the order of the day. By God's of fate, every other sleeper m aero has a cleanly grassy bed,, ^vorhhy 0f prccious to j^why 1^ write—cannot peaco. Now—and th s w y n nofc say au something be done. Will y men and efficient word for one of the Qf sweetest minds of the sevent^nth c.nt y^ course. Vaughan cannot, with his pecnliar^a.^ recluse genius, bo known to th y thoge i3 safe to count npon the mU3b be who are already his 'overs. 1 j and v&to.. ».™5 » ^TS.^owh. J M.rsLiT"?''5rz„ Ilfnks loaden with the rich arrear (in his fine obrase) of the centuries which preferred ^him—the wooden worthies who shall be name- ,esf Vaughan is described a* coming f L century. H« in Ihe n>0>> '«m0"'o! 'J" T »nd follow, him ° him reflected in George Herbert. »" ?' 'ks „l Henry VMghan rrTToi: ,o°; rhi: Tb°TlJ« Wben Thomas let" Oxtord he wen. into the (3burob and beoame reebor of hill native 'nt0 r unsaintfraed, until his ejectment, when par'8 ,11^ Oxford as an alchemist. He died at h0 settle February, 1695. poisoned by the AJbury 0" 2 1dron. Under «he pseudonym o T Ph^alethes. Thomas Vaughan produced volumes defending and descnb.ng he ° Z of the Ros,crucians. Henry More, the Platonisfc. engaged in controversy witb Tbomas deep calling unto deep in PAmpblebs." ==-

LOGIC. II 'Bre, ca.pting. won't¡ 1sr give U8 copper, I'm that 'ungry" • «3S.dS2^ 'i,,<3 on,y roftke me n,ore 'imcrrv ?" ■——■—

Fire, Sootob »'•" ssr lri:Tw" P .VSt

.Ã WELSH GLEANINGS. The Welsh language has a much greater hold on Welshmen than most persons think. It will surprise not a few to learn that there are pub- lished within the Principality in the Welsh language not less than 56 periodicals. These include three quarterly, one bi-monthly, 28 monthly magazines, and 24 newspapers. It is announced that St. David's Weekly is to be no longer devoted exclusively to the interests of the Church in Wales. Published in Man- chester, it will henceforth become the organ of the Church party in that diocese, though con- siderable attention may still continue to be given to special Welsh questions. Episcopalians in Wales evidently do not want an organ of their own. In the Accounts Commissioners" for the year ending 29th September. 1692, appears this interesting item :—" Littleton Powys, Welch judge. £ 150." Tho twelve judges of England reoeived for the same year, according to the same accounts, the sum of £8.641, or j3720 apiece in other words, a judge for England was at that period deemed of five times greater value than the solitary judge for Wales, and evidently the people of Wales in that day possessed the same law. abiding characteristic as marks the Principality of to-day. The aversion to Unitarianism in the eighteenth century was frankly expressed in the following lines by a Calvinist:— Mae'. mawn ar y mynydd Bron darfod i gyd. A'r gio yn y pyllau Yn treulio o hyd A'r ddaear bron ffaelu Dwyn bara na haidd, Oherwydd mawr gabledd Sosmiaid y wlad. In "The Young Man" for February, 1894, Dean Farrar states that his first sermon con. tained one lovely passage from the Christmas Day Homily," and in a footnote he adds. "My collateral ancestor, Robert Farrar, Bishop of St. David's, burnt for the Protestant faith at Carmarthen in the reign of Queen Mary, was a chaplain cf Cranmer's, and is known to have some share in the homilies. I try to persuade myself that he wrote this homily, and so lent me the only arood part of my first sermon." Mr J. Lloyd Morgan, M.P., has for the past week been the guest of Dr. Enoch Davies, Bryn- teify. The geuial and popular Liberal represen- tative for West Carmarthenshire is an ardent follower of Izaak Walton. Before the recent floods swept the finny tribe up the river fly fishing was not at all good this year in the Teify, but on Friday last the successful barrister of the South Wales circuit had some magnificent sport with his rod in the private waters of his host; in fact, the visitor made quite a season's record in that part of Cardiganshire, one of the three salmon which he landed weighing 141bs. In the aggregate the trio which ho killed exceeded 30lbs. The Observer, Utica. N.Y., says:—The Welsh Republican Club is outstripping the Oneida Historical Society in the discovery of curiosities. Whereas a few weeks ago it was believed by the Welsh that they were not getting a fair show in Republican politics, now it looks as if all the Republican politicians in the county are Welsh. men, or descendants of Welshmen, or friends of Welshmen, There never was such a sickening exhibition of fawning as the Republicans are doing in the attempt to hold the Welsh vote. Whoever supposed that the leaders of the Welsh- men of Oneida County would be "Jack" Davies and" BillV" Griffith. How do Welshmen who have bean known as Welshmen for years like to have it boasted that such newly-discovered Welshmen as Davies and Griffith carry the Welsh vote in their vest pockets In his great work on The Tribal System in Wales," Dr. Frederic Seebobm says blood relationship was the ruliug principle underlying tho structure of tribal society. The Welsh recognised two great classes in the community, between which a deep, if not an impassable, gulf lay-those of Cymric blood and those who were aliens. The descendant of a stranger was recognised when he represented the ninth generation, and inter-marriage in the fourth generation enabled him to claim the privileges of a tribesman. The disabilities of a stranger were great and humiliating His evidence counted for nothing against that of a native. He was not allowed to possess a weapon, and horsemanship was forbidden to him. With- out his lord's consent the non.tribesman could neither pose as a scholar nor as a bard. The traditional reason for these and other disabilities was that they kept the stranger class unorganised and weak, served for protection against treachery and ambush, and left the land in the possession of the true sons of the soil. Dr. Seebohm describes with much curious detail the grades of kindred, and the manner in which property was held under the Cymric, tribal system. He explains the various classes of straugers, the different orders of chieftainship, and the relations of the tribal system to monastic life. Dr. Cynddylan Jones proposes the establish- ment of a distinctively Welsh school of theology. The Welsh mind is visible in its preaching, but not in its theology, which has been borrowed from without. Each nation should bring its own characteristics to the elucidation of religion. England has looked at the subject from the ethical and common sense stand- point, Scotland from the metaphysical and dogmatic, and Germany, as represented at least by Schleiermaoher, from the point of view of the religious sentiment. Wales, he thinks, should be able to offer a contribution of its own through the medium of its religious imagination, scientifi- cally trained and disciplined. An eminent scientist has written on the function of the imagination in science. It has an equally im. portant function in the highest spiritual sphere, and it should be the task of Wales to show the possibilities in this direction. It should do for the religious imagination what the school of Sohleiermacher has done for the religious sentiment. Working on the lines of logic and psychology, it might seek a vein of truth practically unexplored. He suggests that Jesus College, Oxford, which has the typical Welshman, Dr. John Rbys, as principal, should be made a centre of attraction to all that is best in Welsh theology, or that a school of theology be established in connection with one of the national colleges, such as Aberystwyth. The Bible is tho product of the emotional imaginative thinkers of the East. The Welsh, who are the emotional imaginative thinkers of the West. should bear at least their share in interpreting it. —Christian World. With reference to the ancient inscription in St. Peter's Church, Cornhill, London, quoted a few days ago in this column, A London Reader culls the following from an old record of London, published nearly two centuries ago, and which purports to be an ample account of that oity, in eight parts." Note the touch of irony in the writer's remarks when dealing with the tablet in question St. Peter's Church, Cornhill. This church's foundation is said to be of great anti- qaity, if the inscription on a S. pillar m9 be credited, which, had the author expected, be would have done well to have subscribed his name or told us of what authors of note be extracted the relation from for indeed the truth thereof may be liable to be called into question since in the same inscription it is so positively asserted (though so uncertain that many good authors differ in their opinions about it), t.e., that Brute reigned in Eogland 1245 years before Lucius, but, waving that, the inscription sets forth that the Church was founded an Archbishop See by King Lucius A.D. 179, where it continued the metropolitan of this kingdom for 400 years, when it was removed to Canterbury by Austin the Monk. But Mr Stowe (in the Jooelyne) says that it is more probable that the Metropolitan Church founded by King Lucius was St. Peter's, West- minster, there appearing no such name a8 Corn, bill before the Norman Conquest; but upon the whole it is evident, both from the inscription and the Jocelyne. that this church was founded in King Lucius's reign, though whether the Arch. bishop his See was here. or at Westminster, or at th,) olace now Sh Paul's, is somewhat uncertain. The steeple was repaired in 1629, and the whole t^ish charge, amounting to £ 1,000 but the s demolished this church in tbe unfortunate yTr 1666. 'I mi

THE HOUSEHOLD. I HERE is a kind of fancy work that is receiving particular attention at the present moment, that is to say the ornamenta- tion of household linen, I don't so much mean simply sheets and table- 'cloths as in its more decorative shapes of toilettes and sideboard c!oths, towel tidies. quilts and such like; still most of the best sheets, table- cloths, and table-naplcins are now at least hem- stitched, many being yet more elaborately treated with an insertion of drawn work and a border of wide embroidery worked in satin stitch. Linen guipuro is very largelyused for sideboard cloths, it enables one to get glimpses of the polished surface of the wood below, and if it be arranged like the one in my sketch with central squares of Aida canvas worked with light and dark blue ootten in oross and Holbein stitches, a few French knots being introduced, quite a sufficiency of protection will be given to any plates that may be placed upon it. The design of one of these squares I give in detail, and it will be noted that it is an exact re- production of the so-called onion" pattern found on Meissen porcelain. These same squares are often very effectively filled up with a crest, coat of arms, or even a monogram. They aro particularly nice to work when one is away staying with friends, as they are neat little bits to take up singly when working with othor people AN ARTISTIC SIDEBOARD OLOTH. J Pillow cases that are for use require but little em- broidery, or an impression is apt to be transferred to the face before morning, but on the pillow slips which are removed at night any amount of work may be bestowed. A favourite way is to embroider them with a running pattern across one corner and round the edge. The satin stitches of Mountmellick work are perhaps the most suc- cessful for this treatment, the centre being usually occupied by a very large initial or monogram. With regard to these monograms it may be infor- mation to some of my readers to know that very pretty worked letters may be bought ready done, and these can be very neatly appliqned to linen, handkerchiefs, or under-clothing as may be required. A good design for a teacloth resembles Renaissance guipure and is, executed with coloured threads; a pattern should be chosen where the principal parts will touch each other, or they may be connected by a bar, the details are then followed with button-holing, care being taken to keep the straight edge of the stitches along the outer edge of the design. When the lines have all been worked, the remainder of the pattern hps to be filled in with satin and feather. stitch, French knots, and any otherfancy stitches that may suggest themselves to the worker. Finally, the material between the worked part of the design is cut away, thus forming a partial open-work embroidery. To make the outlines more prominent, three or four strands of fhx thread are often laid under the lines of buttonhole stitches. These should be coloured if the rest of the thread is white, and white or cream if the material itself is coloured. This style of ornamentation is more 'suitable for the edge of a tea-cloth or sideboard slip than for the centre position, whioh, if it be embroidered at all, should have a thicker, more handsome style of work upon it. Many cloths are prepared for working in this way, a favourite design consisting of a number of separate sprays, sometimes con- ventional, sometimes naturalistic, which are scattered as it were at random over the surface of the linen. The Renaissance guipure, to which I have alluded, is not unfrequently worked upon woollen materials, such as seigy or cloth. After it is embroidered and cut out, it is occasionally mounted over coloured satin but as a general rule the effect is better when it can be used and left without a background. A tidy womaa is tempted to wish occasionally that there were no such things as newspapers in the world, and, when nearly every day seems to bring forth a new species, she feels quite fran- tic in her vari- ous endeavours to keep a room tidy. Thi dif- ficulty is this, the moment a newspaper is put away that is the moment it is particu- larly wanted, as long as it is "en evidence," plumped into the middle of some place, coveringup everything one wants, no one ever dreams of turning its pages over, but once consign i I; to the waste- paper basket or a cupboard where precious numbers may h« stored. FOB THX NKWS7AFKBS. I and immediately its presence is desired, and equally, of course, it will be the one number tbao cannot be found. There is nothing for it but t keep a week's issue on hand by some means or other, and if space be an object the best means is some kind of hanging receptacle from the wall. A French friend of mine showed me a very cleverly contrived porte joornaux which I think we might do well to copy. It was made of cardboard, the bottom part being rounded so aa to leave plenty of space. It was covered on the outside with blue-grey cloth and the inside with black silk a bird was then cut out of pale grey oloth and appliqued on with black and yellow silk after the fashion to be noted in the detail, tho rest of the design being carried out m outline stitches of orange, black and white. ir ..A with the drawing of an orchid pin-cushion A PBBTTY TIDY. which de. lighted me immensely the other day when I sawik-bafig. ing from a dressitog- table look. ing glaw. It was made of delicate mauve sha. ded silk, the shade carefully managed so as to repeat the natural colouring of the dower. the curved leaves are simply B tr a i ned over wires bent in the shape in- dioated, and the poach parts are either left open aa pooketa or filled up to serve as a pincushion. This would make a charming little gift to a friend, and busy little fingers already are beginniag to make dainty presents which the advent of Christmas necessitates. ETHEL

A young woman, in leaving an omnibas, drop- ped a ribbon from her bonnet. You have left your bow behind," said a Jadl. traveller. No, I havenlo hes Sone "abive r ir replied -AfcodamMt

The Welsh Press. lBY MYNYDD wit J THE EDUCATION QUESTION. The question of Sectarian education in schools which are supported by the State or out of the rates is still being discussed with unabated interest. Tho feeling of Nonoonformity against any additional grant being made by the Govern- ment to the Voluntary schools is being gradually roused throughout the country, and the opposition appears to be persistent and very determined. It is not impossible that as time goes on it will gather such strength as to deter the Conservative party from attempting to legislate in this direction. The friends of religious freedom and equality in Wales aro doing their share in the agitation that is going on, and a portion of tho Welsh Press last week again discusses tho subject, and of course, takes an adverse view to the proposition of further endowing religion in this way. The Tartan devotes ono of its leading articles to the subject, giving a few facts which should be borne in mind. It points out first or all that in 1833, when the first grant was made towards element- ary schools, the sum expended was only, which was divided between the National Socmty and th e British and Foreign School Society. Last year, it says, was a sum of ten millions sterling paid to the elementary schools, of which the Board Schools are under the control of the public, and the National Schools under the control of the clergy of the Church of England. The Tarian asserts that the Board Schools give better education as is proved by the fact that they r<itv»ive higher grants than those of the National Society, but that now the clergy, from Archbishop to curate are going to try to bring the Church Schools to the same level as the Board Schools, aud in order to do this they are anxious to obtain public money either from the Government or from the rates. There is disagreement, says the Tarian. as to where the money is to come from, the Archbishop of Canterbury being anxious to obtain it frem the State in the form of an additional grant, aud Lord Cranborne, on the other hand, desiring to place the burden directly on the rates. The Tarian gives a translation of a resolution passed at a meeting held in the Memorial H*5'- London, under the presidency of Dr. Clifford, protesting against the proposed grant, and also refers to the protest of the Congregational Union on the same matter. If the olergy," says the Tarian, in conclusion, are unable to teach religion to the people let them give up their positions, and not attempt to put this burden on the shoulders of those to whom it does not belong. The school- masters have been givmg religious teaching in the past while many a clergyman was following the hounds, or was fishing, or playing tennis with the would-be gentry of the neighbourhood." It thinks the clergy ought to do their own work. and let the teachers do theirs. It is not often that the Herald Cymraeg ven- tures to doubt Mr Lloyd George's wisdom or soundness of principle. it however, seems to doubt something in reference to the education question, for it wants Mi- Lloyd George to explain himself. "It would be well," i* says, for Mr Lloyd George to give a little more explanation of his views with reference to the education question. In his address at the Bnptist Union meetings at Rhyl he threw out several sugges tions which cannot easily be made to agree with the Liberal policy." According to the Herald, Mr George is willing to allow the parents of the children who frequent any school to elect the local governors of that school. It thinks that perhaps that would be better than to allow the whole business to remain in the hands of the clergy and the squire. Dut," it continues, while the ratepayers of every grade and condition pay the rates they ought, according to every fair principle, and according to every British tradition, have a voice in the election of the board." It suggests that the sohools should be controlled by the Paris,, Councils, find that the School Board should be done away with that, it says, would reduce expense and would give some real work for parj„h Councils to de. With reference to religious teaching in schools, the Herald thinks there is still more need of an explanation from Mr George" How oan we ask for Disesllablishment." it asks. "except on the ground that tho State has no shadow of r ght to teach religion ? If I ho State has the right to teach religion, what religion must the teachers profit It U right to compel a Roman Catholic to conduct a school where it is taught that the Pope is the anti-Christ, Ac., Ac. ? Let the State give secular education," it adds, and let the various denominations and churches teach their own doctrines at their own expense." The Qenedl remarks that now that Mr Hugh Price Hughes has returned home it has been discovered that he was in earnest when he made his pronouncement on the question at Grindelwald. His idea was to find a plaoe where the Church of England and Nonconformist should agree, ignor- ing altogether the claims of the minority which includes Jews, Secularists, Unitarians, etc. The misfortune is," says the Genedl, "that the Churoh of England will nob have the scheme the clergy will not be satisfied with anything less than to have a portion of the rates, like the Board Schools, to support schools for the purpose of raising little Churchmen." The GenecU regrets that the Grindelwald Conference has brought to light one thing, and that is that the Noncon- formist leaders are themselves not agreed on the question. NATIONALISM IS WALKS. The Baner and Cymro contribute articles ou Welsh nationalism, but in different phases, the former dealing with the influence of the Welsh language on the feeling of the nationalism which eXIsts; and the latter dealing with someof the men who have been the pioneersof the present national revival or renaissance in Wales. The Baner points out the difficulties which the Welsh people have had to contend with in order to keep alive their own language. After the time of Owen Glyndwr, it says, many efforts were made to kill the language of the Cymry. Disabilities were heaped upon Welshmen from time to time, examples of which the Baner gives, for instance Welshmen were not allowed to oarry arm. An Englishman oould not be tried and condemned by Welshmen in Wales. Also, if an Englishman married a Welshwoman, he could not be considered a freeman in England, nor could he hold a public office in Wales. No person or persons who spoke Welsh should have, nor enjoy, any office or reward in the kingdom. under pain of losing i« unless he employed the JBuglish language, &e., &c." This' latter law, the Biintr thinks, IIf stili. on the Statute Book, and it asks if it is not time some of our repre- sentatives got it removed from there. The same policy was practised in the Church, Englishmen being regularly appointed to the Welsh bishoprics. It asserts that the retention of tha language is a strong factor in maintaining the spirit of nationalism, and quotes Mr Gladstone as one who holds that view, and for that reason it urges the retention of the Welsh language. It promises next week to show that our school system and the habits of many parents tend in a contrary direction, and therefore hinder the prosperity of the nation. The Oyritro, as already intimated, discusses individuals and their connection with the renais- sance in Wales. It quotes a passage from the eolumns of Wales attributing the origin of the great wave which has passed over Wales to the time when Henry Richard was elected member of Parliament for Merthyr in 1868. The Oymr. oontroverts this statement, at the same time giving Henry Richard due oredit for the work he accomplished on behalf of Wales. It points out that Henry Richard's work was more especially to enlighten the English people with reference to Wales, whereas it was such men at Thomas Charles, Joseph Harris, Glan Gerionydd, Iwjan Gwynedd. Wm. Rees, Lewis and Rogt-lr. Edwards, and more espeoially the R.'a—-that^is the three brothers, Samuel, John, and Griffith Roberts, of Llan- brynmair, who enlightened the people of Wales themselves. The O!lfHR"o refers particularly to the three last named, who are better known to Welshmen asS. R.i J. R., and" GrlffibhRlseart." Their writings en the questions of the day in the newspapers and periodicals, and especially in their own monthly— the Chronicle-which was first published in 1843, had a great effect on the minds of the people. They dealt with Dises- tablishment and religious equality generally, Peace. the reduction of the Army and Navy, repeal of newspaper duty, the Ballot, Extension of the Franchise, Free Trade, Penny Postage, &c. S. R. is credited with having convinced Mr Gladstone in 1855 aato the advisability ot the penny postage, but he resigned the same year with the Aberdeen Ministry before doing any- thing in the desired direotion. S. R. continued his efforts to convince Mr Gladstone's successor, but," says the Cymro, whether or not he sucoeeded with the latter we do not know, but we know that what he advocated has become a fact for years past." Ie says that for honesty of purpose, clear perception, and consistenoy of principle, there was never their better in Great Britain, and while recalling the names of those who were the reawakeners of Wales, it thinks this brilliant family should not be forgotten. TH* WIILSH BAKTOT UNION. The Welsh Baptist Union meetings at Rhyl also appear to have been a complete success. The Home Mission movement (says the Seren) is an unmistakably important movement, and is re- oeiving proper supjport. The Seren advises oantion in proceeding with this matter, and urges special care incbooslDR the right men for the work. The address of the president, Mr D. Davies, J.P., Merthyr, is described as timely and useful, and the hopes his remarks will be listened to. The Otnedl agrew with the Parliamentary Committer's report, and says that the only remedy is us suggested by the report, that is unless Jonah wiU sacrifice his own ends, and part company with his folly. The Cymro report says that probably the Home Mission movement roused most enthusiasm in the whole prooeedinga. The sum of .1.100 klward, the work wa* mwioed to various pwwun at the QOnfMMMft

Our Country Column. Wax Extracting. The conversion of old combs into wax is looked up as an unprofitable and extremely distasteful part of bee-keeping. This it undoubtedly is if old methods are pursued, but by adopting modern appliances a large quantity of wax may be obtained from discarded combs and cappings of the honey cells, representing in the course of the season a nice sum in any fair-sized apiary. The simplest method to pursue to obtain wax from combs is to squeeze the latter into a ball, and lay it along with a weight in a piece of canvas or muslin, and then drop it into a pan of water. A plate or a piece of wood must be below the bag to keep it from burning, and the pan should then be filled with water to a few inches above the canvas bag. If the pan be sot on the stove the wax in course of time will melt and rise to the surface, to be removed in a cake when the water has been allowed to become cold. The Gerstor extractor, which is similar to a saucepan, separates the wax from the refuse quickly and effectually. In the lower compartment water is boiled, and the skim arising has access to a per- forated zinc basket in the compartment above containing the combs, etc. The wax is thus melted and runs through the perforations, falling en a plate, from which it passes through a pipe and falls into a basin or other receptacle placed to receive it. The solar wax extractor is mosb I WAX EXTRACTOR. I I effective, and can be made by almost anyone. It is a box, the front of which is low and the back rather high, so that when a sheet of glass is placed upon it, it is at an angle to collect the sun's rays. A pan is placed < the bottom of Yhe box, and above it a sheet of perforated zinc; upon the zinc the combs are plaoed, and the sun's rays quickly melt the wax, which falls through the perforations into the pan below. Constantly Having Well-Fatted Fowls. To have finely fatted fowls at all seasons, it is necessary to fatten in the spring those bred late in the autumn that is to say, those hatched in January and February should be fatted in the summer those hatched in March and April, in the autumn and lastly, those hatched 'n May and June should be killed in the winter. The September October and January February chickens are exceptions which compensate for the additional trouble they entail, for their price is higher than that of fowls sold at other seasons of the year. As to the methods of fatten- ing adopted in France, it may be accepted that some system of increasing the quantity and quahty of flesh is regarded as indispensable, and we may be content to accept this without question. The methods followed are, (1) feed- ing upon flush-forming foods under ordinary conditions, (2) cramming by boluses of foodor paton., (3) cramming by funnel, and (4) cramming by machine. Without exceptioh the food is always prepared from finely ground meal, hard corn never being employed. Finely ground buckwheat, maize, and barley-meal are employed, but we have not met with, or heard of, an instance where ground oats, the staple food in Sussex, is used. With one or other of these is mixed skim milk, but in several districts of France the willy of curded milk is prepared, and in the La Bresse country the latter is thought to give perfection in fattening and to improve the quality of the flesh. Some of the fatteuers are content to mix hot water with the meal, but all acknowledge that milk or whey is better. In one case I found that boiled potatoes were mixed with the food, and from the nature of that tuber its addition must be of great service. In some parts of France fat is added to the mixture, in others not. Cabbage. During winter and spring, a cabbage, to be good, should be small, quickly grown, and not too closely packed. Of the many varieties we have, there are several comparatively small kinds to choose from, which will be found more valu- able and of better quality than the coarse sorts that used to be considered the only kind for autumn growing. Ellam's Bitrly Dwarf is fairly hardy, a qnick grower, and of good quality. Reading All Heart is another good kind, as is the KlrJy Heartwell. Three or four varieties, at least, should be grown, as it sometimes happens that a season which will suit one proves unfavourable to another, therefore, by growing several varieties, some are certain to succeed. Should larger sorts be required, the well-known Enfield Market, Heartwell Marrow, and fome of the Drumheads can be grown, and, given good cultivation, they are capable of producing capital, tender heads. Good cabbages for market are early drumhead, dux drumhead, early Dutch (1, u h-ad, and quintal drumhead. These are capital market kinds, but are too largn for liomej consumption, forming too many leaves to be profitable. There are few who require telling that oabbagt-a will repay for generous treatment. Grown on poor soil, they will be slow in growth and tough when out while a loose rich soil is in favour of rank growth, which also is objectionable. A first-olass site for cabbage is the ground just cleared of onions. Firm ground suits cabbage, and all that is required is to clear off the weeds and hoe the bed. Plant in drills about 18 inches apart for small, and two feet for the larger kinds. They should be sturdy plants, and if it be dry weather, well watered in. The Goat Again. Last week I strongly advocated the keeping of a good goat. Some American farmers are beginning to realise that a goat may be made one of their valuable domestic animals, not merely a poverty-stricken substitute for a cow, but an addition to the farm community, filling a place of its own and giving a return peculiar to itself. A Missouri faruier writes to an agricultural paper that he finds goats profitable for rough land filled with weeds and bushes. He has had them for four years, and they have destroyed the bushes- sumach and small persimmon trees. His hogs have been free from disease, while his neighbours, who did not keep goats, lost most of their hogs by cholera. He ate the meat of young goats, and liked it better than mutton. His experience coincides with that of farmers in countries where the goat is extensively raised and prized. England is not among them. owing largely to there being comparatively littln waste land; but also, according to Mr Pegler, an authority on the subject, because the advan- tages of goat keeping are but imperfectly known," and the American lack of appreciation for goats may be inherited, In Ireland, on the contrary, the number of goats has increased in recent years. Of course, the goat cannot compete with the cow as the single milch animal for those able to keep the cow, but it has advantages in plaoes where the cow cannot be kept, and as an addition to the profits of a farm. In the first place, it is a great instrument for extending pasture lauds. It will eat, by preference, and thrive upon, forest leaves, shrubs, and weeds that no other domestic animal will touch, and get a rough and overgrown field into condition for horses and cattle. There is a prejudice against the milk, but one entirely groundless. It is rioher then cow's milk, heavier in butter, much heavier in cheese, but all experts declare that it has absolutely no different flavour or taste from of the oow. Many of the finest European cheeeea are made from goat's milk, while the American attempts to rival them have been made with oow's milk. Nor is_ the goat to be despised for food by an over fastidious race. In tne restaurants of Rome the kid holds an honoured place. The elderly members of the tribe are inferior to mutton, but the kid, properly prepared, is a meat which will bear comparison with any other. By all means, leb us learn of the ancients and grow rioh from herds of goats. Fruit Trees. An important consideration in the culture of young fruit trees is early planting. Wherever a grower has a large amount of planting to do during the autumn, making the stations and draining should be done as early as possible, 110 that everything may be in readiness by the last week in October. Should a plot of land be given over entirely to the growing of fruit, the drains should be about 30ft. apart, and 2ft. 6in. to 4ft. in depth. This must be recfulated by the nature of the soil, deep for a light porous soil, and shallow for a heavy close one. Should the soil be a rich loam, specially prepared stations are not required; but if the soil is thin and poor, the stations should be 6ft. square, and about 2%ft. to 5ft. deep. Drain each station by a branch laid across the centre of the bottom, and running into the nearestdrain. Cover the bottom with at)out six inches of broken bricks, care being taken not to displace the drain pipes, and fill with the best soil to be had. A useful mixture for this purpose is the top spit of a meadow with th* turf, slightly mixing it with wood ashes, charcoal, and mortar rubbish, with gritty road soraping& The above fa now absolutely mrnnwij for fruit trees, but is a useful substitute where a planter has a poor soil. Should only a poor meadow soil be obtainable, a small quantity of rotten farmyard manure should be mixed with it, together with a good sprinkling of crushed bones. Remember, the stations only contain food suffi- cient for a young tree, and in about three years, should the soil around the trees not be made thoroughly fertile, the trees will suffer, canker will attack them, and the fruit will be inferior both in size and flavour. Answers to Correspondents. F. Graham, Lincoln. Vulture hock" is the stiff feathering which projects behind the hock of the fowl. Sow Breeding Three Times a Year. Keen." No, it would be bad policy; one litter in spring and one in late summer is far better.

The Commonwealth in Radnorshire. Radnorshire Cases (Continued). Rich. Jones, Trewern, co. Radnor, 22 March, 1647, begs to compound according to the time of his submission to Parliament, which was in October, 1645. His delinquency was issuing warrants for raising money for the King's forces 2 June, 1648; fine at one-sixtb, j6144. But if he satisfy the committee that he has but an estate for life in the J648 a year for which be has com- pounded, and that it is bis whole estate, ho is to be admitted to a review on paying a moiety; 8 Feb., 1649, fine reduced ou review to 272 16 Jan., 1652, to be resequestered for elapsing the time for payment of the second half; 19 May. pleads that though he was freed, by the Act for South Wales he is still molested 27 May, order that he be left to enjoy his estate and his bonds delivered up to him, his second payment being taken away by his composition on the Act for S. Wales. (He was member for Radnorshire, 1628-9, and for Radnor in 1640, and his son and grandson also represented the Borough. In Feb., 1646. this Richard Jones was cruelly plundered by four or hundred horsemen, under SIr William Vaughan, to the amount of at least as many pounds, in- cluding all his writings, and the rings that his wife was wearing. Bryan Crowder, Rich. Jones, of Treweru, Nich. Meredith, Herbert Weston, ot Wal- ton, Rob. Williams, all co. Radnor. 15 th Feb., 1649.—Information that all were Connnrs. of Array for the King, and by the warrants raised large sums of money, and impressed men for his service against Parliament, whom they called'rebels and traitors. Bryan Crowder, Knighton, co. Radnor.—28th April, 1649.-C"mpounds for delinquency in executing the Commission of Array. Was never in arms. 15n June.—Fine at one-sixth, 9300 19,1 8d. 13th May, 1652.—County Committee certify the Committee for Compounding of the conceal- ment of his lands called the Baidge, worth £433. year. 24th June.—The Committee for Com- pounding reply that the said lands are discharged by the Act of Pardon, if not sequestered before 1st Dec. 1651. (Brian Crowder was Sheriff of Radnorshire in 1645, in which year he was directed by Prince Rupert to put Margaret, widow of Capt. Charles Price, of Pilleth, into possession of Mouaughty, in recompense of LS,000 lent upon a statute against Sir Robert Harley, then in rebellion.) Roderiob Gwynn, Thos. Lewis, Col. Robt. Martin, Bach, all co. Radnor. 14th Feb., 1649. Information that they were ill affected to Parlia- ment, and frequently kept company with cavaliers, drinking healths to the prosperity of the King and confusiou of the Parliament; that they contributed money, horse, and arms to pro. mote the war, before there was any force in the county to compel them, and also since. They procured commissions under the Great Seal of Oxford, and under colour thereof imposed fines and contributions upon the county. They en- couraged persons to take arms, and granted war- rants to engage the country, pressing such as would not be persuaded to serve. They went to the King at cos. Oxon. and Gloucester, and assumed the titles of colonel or captain by colour of which they forced most of the inhabitants of their county to take up arms. They took oaths to hazard their lives and fortunes against the Parliament, and forced others to do the like. 5tii September, 1649 Information renewed that Martin was in arms against Parliament in 1642 21st Aug., 1650. The proofs of his delinquency which are before the County Commissioners to be sent up, and his estate to be seized and secured, if matter of delinquency appear against him. Herbert Weston, of Walton; livan Vaughan. of Bigeldy, both co. Radnor; Will. Phillipps, Kingston, co. Hereford. 20th Feb., 1649. Informa- tion that 9105 should have been paid to the County Cotainimsioners for Radnor in May, 1647, but is concealed in the hands of Phillipps, and request for a summons to him to bring in the bonds, and to the parties who secured the money to pay. 20th Feb., 1649. Order that Phillipps bring in 3 bunds, wherein Westun and Vaughbt are bound to pay 2105 to the County Commis- sioners of Radnor, which debt is concealed, and the parties to be summoned to pay it in, it being discovered on And. Rich. Wilcox's Ordinance of 22nd March, 1648 27th Feb., 1649 The bonds being brought m, order that Weston, owmg 2416, 31 to the County Committee, which is now dissolved, pay it in before 27th March n&xt, and Vaughan pay Pj24 and 240, these debts being concealed and detained from the State, and that thereupon their bonds be restored. Herbert Weston, co. Radnor. 25th May, 1652 Was siquestered for supposed delinquency at Christmas, 1647. and fined je90 by the County Committee of Radnor paid JB45. and gave a bond for the rest, which bond was sent to the Committee for compounding begs that it may be delivered to him as he is included in the Composition Act for S. Wales, and has had B35 imposed on him by that Committee for his fine. 25th May. His bond to be delivered up to him in case there be not a fine set on him by the Com- mittee for Compounding. To be continued.)

_H_- FATHBK You may as well give up thinking about that young man, Dashing, He does not love you. DAOGHTBB How do you know, pap* ? FATHBR I met him at the club just now and he refused to lend me a fiver.

HOW THEY DIFFER. Man is a creature of cast-iron habits woman adapts herself to circumstances; this is the foundation of the moral difference between them. A man does not attempt to drive a nail unless be has a hammer a woman does not hesitate to utilise anything, from the heel of a boot to the back of a brush. A man storms if the blotting-paper is not con- veniently near; a woman dries the ink by blowing on it, waving the paper in the air. or holding it near a lamp or fire. A man drops a letter unhesitatingly in the box; a woman re-reads the address, assures herself that the envelope is sealed, the stamp secure, and then throws it violently into the box. A man can out a book only with a paper cutter; a woman deftly inserts a hairpin and the book is cut. For a man goodby signifies the end of a conversation and the moment of his departure for a woman it is the beginning of anew chapter, for it is just when they are taking leave of each other that worn HI think of the most important topics of conversation. A woman ransacks her brain trying lend a broken object; a man pots it-uide "1 ocgete that for which there is not WkMhU^toaiperiQE^ y it ■

Welsh Tit-Bits. -(¡, Neu Wreichion Oddiar yr Eingion. [BT CADITAWD.) At the Wroxham Eisteddfod, 1859, a prize was offered for the bost stanzas on an Apple." The following was adjudged to be the best:— Enwog urdd-teyrn y gerddi-yw afal Hwn Efa wnaeth brofi Ei wrid hardd fel ei phryd hi A'i flas oedd felus iddi. Gruffydd ab Cynan, Prince of North Wales, is said to have been the author of the canon regu- lating the proper eisteddfod, and his name, there- fore, is greatly revered by all Welshmen as a true friend of literature, apart from the high respect he is entitled to from his kingly office. This prince, the stock of one of the five Royal Tribes, was born and educated in Ireland, where his father had sought refuge. After various vicissitudes which discovered a great energy of character, Gruffydd died in 1137, universally lamented by his countrymen, and his elegy pathetically sung by the poet Meilyr; both the details of G. ab Cynan's life and his elegy are preserved in the Welsh Archaeology." Henry the Seventh having been put on the throne of England, was sadly in need of a passable Royal pedigree, and employed the Welsh bards upon that work. His son patronised the Bard-Heralds, and accorded to them permission to hold an eisteddfod at Caerwys in 1523, but a Royal proclamation was given by good Queen Bess to hold an eisteddfod at Caerwys. This is given as the second great eisteddfod held at that place, which took place in 1567. and a capital account of this great meeting is given by Mt Pennant in his "Tour." The following is a translation of another account of what was done in consequence of such com- mission: Know all men, by these presents, that there is a congress of bards and musicians to be held in the town of Caerwys, in the county of Flint, on the 26th day of May, in the tenth year of the reign of her Majesty Queen Elizabeth, before Ellis Price, Esq., Doctor of the Civil Law, and one of her Majesty's Council in the Marches of Wales; and before William Mostyn, Peres Mostyn, Owen John ap Hywel Vaughan, John William ap John, John Lewis Owen, Morris Griffiths, Simon Thelwat, John Griffiths Sergeant, Robert Peel, Eston, Evan Lloyd of lal; and William Glynn, Eq. And that we, the said Commissioners, by virtue of tho said Commission being her Majesty's Council, do give and grant to Simwnt Fychan, Bard, the degree of Peucerdd and do order that persons receive and hospitably entertain him in all Plaoes fit for him to go and come to receive his Perquisites according to the Princely statutes in that erse made and provided. Given under our Hands, in the year 1568." Why this good work was allowed to die, which was so well begun, is not clear, but such was the case; though the original copy of this Commission is still at Mostyn, and the silver harp won by Simwnt Vycban, who was proclaimed Pencerdd. Nearly two hundred years passed uneventful for practical purposes as far as the eisteddfod was concerned, and the patriotic Cymmrodonon Society in 1751, to their credit, revived the love for Welsh poetry, music, and song, and to a very great extent were successful in putting into the hearts of their countrymen to maintain their language, and cherish the harmonies of their ancestors, who had lived and ruled over the old Britain they loved so well. Elen Llwyddawy. In Welsh annals, we meet with no lady who had such opportunities, and made use of them for good as Empress Helena, eldest of the three children of Coel Gedebog, King of that porb of Britain called Caer-collen or Hazeltown, which, in after time, became Anglified under tho name of Colchester. Britain at this period was a Roman colony, and its Prince's subjects of that great Empire, which, at the time, was mistress of the world. The Imperial authorities at Roma appointed one of the British Kings to be governor of the island, and Coel, the father of Helena, having slain Asclepeodotus, was privileged to reign unmolested for a period of 27 years, during which time he grossly neglected to forward to Rome the tribute money his duty was to collect. Coel is said to have adopted the Christian religion, atid zealously encouraged the faith aa brought from Rome by Bran ab Llyr. History tells us that within a month of King Coel's death, a noble and prudent Prince, with a con- siderable army, landed in Britain. His name was Constantius Chlorus, aud his mission to demand the tribute money due to Rome, and to reitiatti in tim muntry is governor utidet- the Roman Emperor. King Coel being now old, and in great dread of the Romans, sent to Constantins to sue for peace, acknowledging the tribute due from him to the Senate. Peace being concluded. Coel died about a month after, A.D. 289. Coel lost no time after ho had seen the gracious demeanour and affability of the Roman Prince before he introduced to him his charming daughter, by whom he was well received, and an intimacy soon grew between them which produced a. most desirable effect. The British Princess is mentioned as being tho fairest and most accomplished beauty in the whole island." The British nobles observing the degree of fervour with which Coustantius regarded Elen, no doubt counselled him to espouse her, and we find that soon after the King's death his daughter was united to the Roman Prince in marring*, Elen by this union succeeding to the dignity held by her illustrious father. Constttitiiii soon suceeeded in bringing the country into sub. jection, and by his mild and wise regulations gamed the esteem of the inhabitants, and he himself became so attached to this island as to make it his home, Helena in the meantime giving birth to a child, who in aftertime was to change the aspect of the whole world-the future Emperor Constantine the Great. During this time the terrible persecution of Christians throughout the world took place, known as the tenth general persecution, but Helena having exercised her power over the heart of her Lord and Master, in a great measure preserved the British Christians from the destruction which befel those of other countries. According to Eusebius, Constantius Chlorus lived fifty.six years; was Caasar sixteen years, and Emperor two. He was buried with great pomp at York, and his son Constantino and his mother Helena left this country for Rome, appointing Octavius, a British Prince, as his deputy and Roman Governor of Britain. On the Continent, he had to com- mence to fight his way to the throne, a task quite oommon to all Roman Emperors; aud we are told that it was on this march that he was converted to Christianity by a most extraordin- ary appearance. Sensible of his incapacity to succeed without Divine help, he prayed Heaven to inspire him with wisdom to choose the path he should follow. As the sun was declining, there suddenly appeared a pillar of light in the heavens, in the fashion of a cross, with the in. scription, Constantine in hoc signo vinces" -Conslantine, under this sign thou shalt have victory. He, therefore, the day following caused a Royal Standard to be made hke that which he had seen in the heavens, and commanded it to be carried before him in his wars. Soon be established himself as the Emperor of Rome and caused himself to be baptised by Svlvestcr. the 31st Bishop of Rome, from the commencement of Christianity. Constantine after he had established Christianity as the religion of the Roman Empire, resolved to build a new city, to be called after his own name, Constantinople. and while he superintended the building of the city, Helena and her train visited the Holy Land, and leaving a memorial of her pilgrimage to the Holy City in the shape of a Christian edifice, which she called the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. Helena, while at Jerusalem, beir.p; informed by the Bishop of Jerusalem where wns hidden the Cross on which the Saviour suffered, with passionate eagerness made a search for it. She found the three Grosses whereon our Saviour and the two thieves had suffered. In the genealogy of the Saint, it is recorded that Helena not only discovered the real Cross," but brought it with her to Britain, Diboen ferch Coel Godebog, I gred a gavas y Grog. Wbioh implies that Elen, the daughter of Coel Godebog, found the Cross for Christendom.

A gentleman was lately inspecting a. class of some 60 children in a London Board School. In the coarse of the lesson the little ones had "ome m.\1I sticks m their hands, and he asked the chil- dren where they came trom. They replied Trees. He asked who had prepared them! They answered, "The carpenter;" ™ further asking, «' Who cut down the trees for the carpenter he was astonished to hear-insteaH Qf ) I

GOSSIPS' CORNER. Over 17.000 different kinds of buttons have been found in pictures of mediaeval clothing. Stray politicians are returning to London, moll of them palpably the better for their holiday. The longest tunnel in the world is the St. Gothard, 48,480ft. long, or more than nine miles. It is a singular fact that an enormous country like Russia does not possess a single convalescent hospital. Lord Crewe is not qualified as the owner of property or as a ratepayer to accept the mayor* alty of Crewe. A correspondent of the Morning Post suggestt that the Home Secretary should be petitioned tt suppress organ-grinders. Still another artistic society that of the Photo-Etchers, to be composed of artists, photoc graphers, and process men. When at home, Mr T. E. Ellis eenducts Welsh classes for young people at Cefnddwysarn and the district for many miles around Cynlas.- PrincipalRhys told the Llanelly Cymmrodorioa Society on Tuesday evening that Matthew Arnold was a great genius, because he bad a true insight into things he didn't understand in detail. Mr John Jenkins, president of the Cardfg Trades Council—and president of the Trades Congress during its recent sitting in. Cardiff- has his portrait in this month's issue of the Review of Reviews. The life tree" of Jamaica is harder to kill than any other species of woody growth known to abonculturists. It continues to grow and thrive for months after being uprooted and exposed to the sun. Lord and Lady Wimborne are staying ab Makerstoun House, near Kelso, for salmon fish- ing until the end of the month, when they will return to Canford Manor and entertain a succes- sion of shooting parties. Sir W. Besant says that it is wrong to speak of the book market as flooded. It could not IN flooded, for the simple reason that bad books. feeble books, uninteresting books would not be bought at any price. Belgium is the home of the racing pigeon. There the sport is a national pastime, and a good pigeon frequently wins for its owner large sums of money, the prizes being considerable, to which heavy pools are added. A farmhouse and lands in Nottinghamshire. which 20 years ago were sold readily for 210,000, have just been put up to auction in 13 lots, every one of which was sold, but the total amount realised fell considerably short of £ 4,000. There is a growing demand for English miners in South Africa, and last week several Cornish- men left for the Transvaal, Mashonaland, and Matabeleland. It seems likely that there will be a considerable field for miners in South Africa. A foreign scientist has a new test for death. With a candle produce a blister on the hand or toot of the body. If the blister, upon opening with a needle or other instrument, be found to contain fluid of any kind there is still life in the body. At some of the fishing-places round the coast fish have been used with fruit and corn in the decoration of churches for harvest thanksgiving services, and it has been claimed that thanks should be offered for the harvest of the sea as weU as of the land. Army surgeons say that the expression of the faces of soldiers killed in battle reveals the causes of death. Those who have perished from sword wounds have a look of repose, while there is air expression of p.iin on the countenance of thosf slain by bullets. The Rev. J. ciymlog Morgan, Baptist minister, Rhydfelen, succeeded in winning the Chair Prise at Fochrhiw Eisteddfod on Monday last, be being the best out of 28 competitors. The subject was an elegy (Marwnad) on the late M, D. Price, Dowlais. A marriage has been arranged and will shortlf take place between Captain Charles Helbert. Helbert, Royal Monmouthshire Engineer Militia, and Evelyn Mary, only child of Lord David and Lady Mary Kennedy, of Cassillis House, Ayr* shire, N.B., and 93. Queen's-gate. Madame Miles-B«ynon, the principal eoprans of Dan Davies's concert party, is undoubtedly one of the best and most popular sopranos in Wales. The Welsh and English solos given by her at the Zion oigan recital, Merthyr, last Thursday evening were quite a treat. The Pierce Scholarships of 250 at Bala Theo. logical College have been won this year by Mr D. S. Dakin, a Congregational ministerial student and Mr J. Gerlan Williams, B.Se. This is the first time the scholarship has been held by any student other than a Calvinistic Methodist. Oliver Wendell Holmes did not hesitate ta express his pride in the fact that the year of his birth gave to the world four of its great men- Tennyson, Darwin, Gladstone, and Abraham Lincoln in America.. And when his own name was added to the list, the doctor modestly remarked, Oh, I sneaked in. as it were." The Picayune (U.S.A.) says -The town ot Cardiff, Wales, of which Lord Windsor has accepted the mayoralty, offers to Lord Dunraven a public reception on his return from the United States. Lord Dunraven's chief residence, Dun- raven Castle, is in Glamorganshire, of whieh Cardiff is the capital. Dunraven will be a giant at Cardiff. So Tommy Atkins is not to be allowed to weac a fringe any longer, or if he possesses that orna- ment he must stow it away under his forage cap. The edict which forbids our warriors to bang their front hair—to use the American expression —seems rather illogical. A great demonstratioa of nursemaids ought to be organised to protest against the cruelty of the War Office. There has just been placed on exhibition in the third Egyptian Room of the British Museum an unrolled specimen of the embalmed sacred crocodile. The mummy measures over 18 feet in length, and is beautifully preserved. The eye as with human mummies, appear to have been removed previous to embalming, but the teeth, of which four are plainly visible, are still intact. The following appointments have been made in the diocese of St. David's:—The Rev. Charles Frederick Owen, to the vicarage of St. Clear's, Carmarthen the Rev. Richard Lloyd Jones to the rectory of Bettws Bledrws, Cardigan the Rev. Wm. George urreU to the rectory of Cosheston, Pembroke and the Rev. Owen Jones Thomas to the vicarage of Llandyssilio, Cap. marthen. "IT1I L- juora xs-oseoery nas tor some years been forming a portrait gallery of epoch-making men. He wae fortunate enough some years ago to secure a rare copy of a portrait of Washington. His portrait of Pitt he always brings to London with him when settling down in Berkeley-square for the season. He has a portrait of Bismarck, for which the Chancellor gave special sittings, and one of HI Gladstone in academic robes.

A SATURDAY SERMON. Nature, hke the Sphinx, is of \vouianIytoe!estiftl soveliness and tenderness the face and bosom of a goddess, but ending in claws, and the body of a lioness. There is in her a celestial beauty, which means celestial order, pliancy to wisdom; but there is also a darkness, a ferocity, a fatality, which are infernal. She is a goddess, but one not yet imprisoned; one still half irnprisoned-the inarticulate, lovely, still encased in the articulate chaotic. How true And does she not propound her riddles to us t Of each man she asks daily, in mild voice, yet with a terrible significance, Knowest thou the meaning of the day 1 What Lhou canst do to-day, wisely attempt to do." Nature, universe, destiny, existence, howsoevei we name this great unnameable fact in the midst of which we hve and struggle, is as a beaveniji bride and conquest to the wise and brave, to them who caa discern her behests and do tfiely 1, k destroying fiend to them who cannot. Answet her riddle, it is well with thee. Answer it not pass on regarding it not, it will answer itself; th« solution Of it is a thing of teeth and claws. Natara is a dumb lioness, deaf to thy pleaaiigs, ti devouring. THOMAS