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r [ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.] British Dairy Farming. BY PROFESSOR J. P. SHELDON. The Breeding and Treatment of Dairy Cattle. It is beyond the need of argument that a. dairy farmer's success in his business depends to no small extent on his skill and judgment in select- ing and breeding dairy cattle. In some men this skill is an intuition, which is generally improved by thought and experience. Others there are who work it out for themselves without having any great natural talent in that direction. Yet others there are who do not acquire it, and do not even try, and in these cases no progress is made and no success attained. And so it is that, so far as quality is concerned, wemay find in many districts a great difference in the cattle that are bred. In a preceding article I mentioned Bakewell, of Dishley, whose reputation stands loathe effectthat he had an extraordinary natural and cultivated talent for mating animals together in such a way that faults of dam or sire were reproduced in a diminished degree, or not reproduced at all, in the offspring while at the same time the good points of either or both were not only preserved, but also developed. It was a natural gift in this man, and he worked it out with wonderful success in a period wheu the art of breeding was not popular and understood, as it has since become. He took in hand a breed of cattle—the Leghorn—whose greatest fame both rose and fell with him. He was equally successful with the Leicester sheep, and his rams fetched prices which had never before been heard of. He had a theory of breeding, no doubt, and that he should have left no record of i-it is a fact greatly to be deplored by every breeder who has succeeded him. Improving Breeds. The question of heredity, which is epitomized in the word "pedigree," is of the greatest possible importance in the art of breeding improved animals ot any kind. Heredity includes good and bad qualities alike, which are transmitted from parent to offspring, and the art of breeding con- sists quite as much in wiping out bad qualities as in perpetuating good ones. A fault of form, for example, which is hereditary in any given cow, may be improved away -by mating her and also her female offspring through several generations, with bulls bred from families of cows in whom that particular fault does not occur. Faults, too, of colour, of constitution, of size, of bone, of milking properties, or of almost anything else, save perhaps of actual and positive organic diseease, may similarly be disestablished by breed- ing against them through several generations. But at the same time m must be borne in mind that while these faulfil cannot be considered as having been finally eradicated until three or four generations have shown tendency to revert to them, it is only too eaiy to re-introduce them by using a bull from a h§ai in which they still exist. There is, unfartun&teljjj^a tendency of this sort in the animal world—a tendency to return to bygone types or peculiarities, many of which, if not all, are undesirable—and a. breeder cannot be sure that he has completely mastered it until he has seen no evidence of it in the last three or four generations of his cattle; even then it requires to be guarded against just as carefully as it was fought against, in order to prevent its re-introduction. It has been found by Charles Darwin, the greatest naturalist of all time, that cross-breeding gives a more or less defimteF impulse towards characters long before lost or got rid of; and the introduction of fresh blood, especially if it be entirely un- related, though of the same species or breed, may be easily followed ty the restoration of some earlier and unimproved type. This is the danger which breeders have sought t, avoid by .1 breeding in-iuid-in," as the constant mating of closely- related animals is tgroaaj^l but while there can be no doubt of fie su&ceSS^yf this line of breeding in the object de&ired, the^e is the danger of develop- ing tuberculosis if the line be followed very fttr. Purity of Breed. But on the other hand, purity of breed may be* maintained without necessarily incurring the danger of developing disease and reducing fertility. Fresh blood repeatedly introduced is necessary in order to avoid the danger spoken of; but it must be blood of the same strain and tribe, if purity of breed is to be preserved. The danger only exists when closely-related animals— males and females of the same herd or family— interbred generation after generation, to the ex- clusion of outside relations. But in most of our distinct breeds of cattle, and particularly in the Shorthorns, there are many pure-bred herds of one particular strain or other—of Booth or Bates blood, for example—and these herds can supply to each other all the fresh blood that is necessary to preserve the vigour and soundness of cattle! And, indeed, if such fresh blood of the same strain be introduced from other soils and climates, and even other countries, rather than from the same neighbourhood, the benefit will or may b?» all the greater. I am not aware that any great benefit has been derived from the few Short- horns that have been brought to this country from Canada. The Americans, however, perhaps even more than the Canadians, have found it advisable to continually obtain Shorthorns from Great Britain. But, in any case, it is an advan- tage to get bulls from the Northern Counties down into the Midlands, and from a limestone soil to any other kind on which cattle are kept. Most of our various breeds of cattle have now been bred towards a given model for each breed, wherever any pains at all have been taken. The approved model of a Shorthorn, an Ayrshire, or a Jersey, for instance, is well understood, and all breeders of note have aimed at this model, sothab there is no great difficulty in getting all the fresh blood required without danger to the model. A Good Bull. It has been pertinently said that the bull is half the herd," and it is therefore of the greatest importance that only good bulls should ever be allowed to propagate the species. But what is a good bull ? A well-formed, well-grown animal of good colour and constitution is not by any means necessarily a gcod bull, though a good bull must possess these qualities. I have elsewhere written (in Dairy Farming "): The capacity of a bull to transmit to his offspring his own peculiar properties, or mould, or excellencies of any kind depends on hid having inherited them from a succession of ancestors endowed with similar characteristics." There is many a good- looking bull, not true-bred as to qualities, whose power of impressing his good looks, or other good qualities, on his offspring has been found illusory, and this for two raasons, viz. his lack of prepotency, and the fact that his own ancestry has not been what it should have been. Such a bull, if he have a promising appearance, is so far a fortunate accident of nature, but there is no certainty whatever that his offspring will be as good looking as he. On the other hand, it occurs often enough that thoroughly well-bred bulls, and cows too, do not show up as well as they ought, or as they were reasonably expected to, and so far are not ornaments of the families to which they belong. Yet animals like these are always worth buying, and frequently well worth buying, at the moderate prices to which their want of good looks has consigned them. They are wortn buying because, their want of good looks being merely an accident of nature, they will in all probability produce offspring much better looking than them- selves. This sort of reasoning is applicable not only to looks, but to qualities too, as a general thing. Pedigree Bulls. But the sort of cows that dairy farmers want must possess milk, size, condition, and good looks. These are the qualities that command a good price in the market, and dairy farmers must needs be always breeding and always selling. Pedigree herds are the upper ten of bovine society, and dairy farmers who are in business for profit, and not for a hobby, cannot afford to have much to do with them. Indeed, pedigree bulls are sometimes a failure, when brought into an ordinary herd. I have known two marked instances of this. One of them got very few calves, and those not very good ones; the other got plenty—too many, in fact —■and scarcely any of them were equal to their mothers. This last one, indeed, very seriously lowered the quality of a high-class, non-pedigree herd which belonged to an old friend of mine who is now gathered to his fathers. But on the other hand. I have known cases where a pedigree bull had qualities, so marked and Commanding I that his impress was clearly enough seen tor many generations among the cattle of the neigh- bourhood. All this is a. lottery as matrimony is said to be. It would, however, be much less a lottery, if those who buybulls, be they pedigree or no, would take sufficient pains to assure themselves that the qualities they want in the bulls are hereditary, and not merely accidental. In order that the bull may improve the herd, he must needs come of a family which has long been noted for soundness and vigour of constitu- tion, otherwise he will not influence the offspring very much. But if he possess the strength, and vigour, his influence will be seen in many genera- tions. This, iudeed, is prepotency, aud it comes Withinthe meaning of heredity. I (To be contmued.)
Songs for the People.
Songs for the People. Andrew Fletcher, of Saltoun, in a letter t. the Marquis of Montrose. wrote :—" I know a very wise man that believed that if a. man were permitted to make all the b:¡Jhds he need not care whit show. make the laws of the nation."
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FARM AND GARDEN. I
FARM AND GARDEN. I c. Little Things in Sheep Raising. Anything that is worth doing at all is worth *i.g well," is an old maxim, so says a con- rr^porary. Little things make up the duties of domestically, socially, and financially, with housewife, the husbandman, the professional n> the merchant, the manufacturer, the Mechanic, and the capitalist. A fow ounces of ^ool, a pound of mutton, a little more time and a "e more food represent the difference between Ptofit and loss. The business care and accu- judgment of the owner are responsible or the results obtained. A cheap ram the head of the flock may handi- the whole situation. An old or feeble ewe -"IIIQ18 the chances of profit to a desperate per- ""UP. It is a little thing to nurse a poorsheop 'hrough the winter at the expense of a lamb, a 680ft, a deal of patience, and a food supply that would have kept a strong vigorous sheep, that ^ould have produced eight pounds of clean wool, "d raised one or two valuable lambs. It is a Jittte thing to let a sheep go lame for days and "eeks with a thorn in its foot, to grow poor, When it might have been remedied in two flutes. It is not a big thing to let the pasture oe overstocked for a little while until a change ceft be made and generous supplies of grass given, "rgetting that the growth of wool and lambs has to be stopped, as there is no vitality J° spare for these purposes. It may be a affair to allow the sheep to drink "0ni a nasty pool; but they are drinking the germs of parasites that a little later on may cs»y the ]ainbs with some unknown disease." It is not an alarming affair, when the 8hefrp are feeding in a low, wet place in the pas- ture that during a drought has become dry, but these wet places are prolific breeding-grounds of all.the animal parasites known to the ovine race. It is not an unusual thing to find the flock re- cced in vital condition before being noticed but that is the time for the breeds of parasites, both internal and external, to develop and assert themselves, decimating the flock in spite of human ekill and industry. No these are little things but they shonld have been borne in mind. i, Farm Competitions. The awarding of prizes to the most creditable farms entered for competition in the district of each annual show of the Royal Agricultural Society is this year to be discontinued. As the funds of the Society could not be better spent tban in encouraging good farming, there is Ootbing to be said in favour of the change on the ftore of economy. The only charge against the taetn prize system worth consideration is that it I does not bring the best farmers of a district into competition. Some are kept out by modesty, others by pride, and yet others by dread of expense in getting their fann into specially neat and clean condition. But these or similar objections apply to all competitions, and it is not certain that the last could not be obviated by letting it be known that the judges will discount obvious make-up for show. The Council, however, have decided in favour of a system of inspection of farms, recommended by a local committee, though they have not yet determined whether they will award certificates of merit or not. It remains to be seen whether the objections to the old plan will be avoided under the new one. Clearly, there will be nothing to prevent a man from getting his farm in special order for inspection, as be does when competing for a prize; and it is not even certain that those who have shrunk from the old ordeal will not decline the inspection that will be the test in the new plan. Outdoor Garden. The outdoor garden should now be full of flowers. The first bloom of the roses is over, but carnations are beautiful-so beautiful indeed that one wonders that until the last few years so little has been done with them. What an im- provement germania is over the older yellows, both in size of bloom, brightness of colour, and vigour of constitution. Those who have not completed the layering should now hurry on the work, and see that the soil is kept moist. Watering the layers not only causes them to root with more certainty, but they root in much less time. Roots form much quicker in gritty soil, and it will be an advantage if some gricty compost is laid round each plant to peg the shoots into. Pink cuttings will root any time during autumn under glass, but it is not wise to delay it so long. When there are plenty of old plants of pinks one need not bother about taking cuttings or pipings so far as the home supply is concerned, as if plants are taken up any time in autumn, pulled to pieces, and Planted on fresh ground, they will root and flower well, the next season. This refers to all the garden pinks. I have pulled pinks to pieces any time irom September to the end of April, and never had any trouble about them growing. This is the best season for dividing the doable white rocket, just as the new growth is coming away after flowering. Cuttings of pansies and violas will root now or at any time during tl»e next month under glass, the frame or hand- Jfgbts to be shaded from bright sun, and the cuttings to be planted in light sandy soil. The side shoots of hollyhocks will soon be getting firm enough to make cuttings. Sow seeds of annuals for spring blooming Fruit Garden. Make new plantations of strawberries. Do not use young plants from old exhausted beds, but plant the best only from young plantations. If as good plants were selected and as much pains taken in the preliminary treatment as is done with the plants intended for forcing, a good crop of fruit might be had the first season. As regards varieties, select those only which the land suits. Paxton is not yet superseded, and invariably does well everywhere. Vicomtesse de Thury is also a reliable kind, and for still earlier gathering I am planting Noble. If the land is deep and warm, plant British Queen. President also is a good kind, which may be safely planted. Set out carefully, so that the plants are not buried too deeply, nor yet left half out of the ground. Plant firmly when the surface of the ground is dry. Very few soils will bear without injury to be trampled upon in wet weather nor is plant- ing in damp weather so good for the plants. Con- tinue to thin out the young wood from pyramid apples and pears. Young trees on the paradise stock must have support in the shape of mulch and moisture, where this is neglected the full advantage is not taken of the capabilities of the stock, and this also refers to the pears on quince, which at this season will require a good deal of nourishment. The bright sunshine we are now having will be valuable in finishing off melons, grapes, and peaches. It is more sunshine we want to enable qs to grow more and better fruit. When the son. is bright and circulation active there is a better chance of utilising stimulants where they are required. Give air freely now to everything under glass. Peaches from which the fruit has b3en gathered must not be neglected in the matter of water.-Gardening Illustrated. Ventilation for Window Plants. When there is a fire in the room most days during the winter, window-plants do not, as a rule, want any more air than they would pet by the passing of people in and out of the room, even supposing the room was entered from a passage or hall, as the fire wili cause a sufficient change of air of course, I am assuming that the room is only maintained at a comfortable tem- perature. It will, however, benefit th" plants if the top of the window is let down a little way in the morning as soon as the fire is lighted. When the firw is not lighted more than once a weok the air of the room should be changed by opening the top of the window for two or three hours twice a week, but only when the outside temperature is fairly genial. Window-plants should only be aired through the bottom of the window in warm summer weather at such times the top of the window may be pulled down about four inches at night. As a rule, if frost and cold air are ex- cluded many window-plants can be kept better in a room without a fire than with it. This re- mark applies especially to ferns. The plants must then, however, have plenty of light, and be turned round at least twice a week and in every case it is better for the roots to be kept rather dry than wet.
Musical and Eisteddfod Notes.
Musical and Eisteddfod Notes. BY MAELGWYN. The Recent Brass Band Competition at Merthyr. The Brass Band News for August contains Mr R. Stead's detailed adjudication on the perform- ance of the 14 bands which took part in the recent competition at Merthyr. And such an adjudica- tion! It is without a doubt the most merciless criticism to which competitors have ever been subjected. Even the prize winners come in for some hard knocks, but the poor unsuccessful bands have been massacred, I quote the sentence passed upon one band—it Is the briefest, but in pity I withhold the name of the victim -.—Allegro—a very poor attempt from first to last, the selection evidently too much for band, the method by all was entirely wrong. Allegro mosso-baritone left out greater portion of his part, everything wrong and nothing to command. Cadenza-too stiff and mechanical. Andante-very bad all through, innumerable wrong notes, euphonium no idea. of playing a melody, cornet too detached, everything muddled. Piu niosso-much too slow, and a struggle. Moderato-no improvement. Bcliffioso—soloists could scarcely be heard, har- mony could not have been worse, basses bad method of delivery, everything wrong. Allegro marcato-scarcely a bar right and band astray. Con moto-a struggle all through. Don't despair, stick well to your practices, and get a good teacher. All will come right. Such is the adju- dication upon one band, and it may well force us to ask ourselves if it is the sort of thing calculated to encourage beginners to go forward. I am afraid that in spite of the adjudicator's advice not to despair, that particular band will not be in- clined to enter another contest very soon. Still, they ought to remember that almost every other band that took part in the competition was numercifully "slated." The adjudicator told several of the bands to place themselves in the hands of a good teacher, and there can be no question that this was sound advice. It was the benefit of good teaching by such men as Fred Durhamand W. Rimmor that brought'Sguborwen and Blaina to the front all at once, and their success ought to stimulate other bands to follow in their footsteps. If they do so, the Merthyr adjudicator rightly believes that the Welsh bands will become as famous as the Welsh choirs have already done. Up in Arms. According to the same journal that contains the Merthyr adjudication, some of our South Wales bandsmen are up in arms against Mr Alfred H. Seddon, of Derby. This gentleman adjudicated at the Swansea band competition a few days after the Merthyr contest, and it is said that he opened his remarks by declaring that the best of the bands heard that day was inferior to the worst he bad heard at a certain North of England contest shortly before. This statement, it will be ad- mitted, was altogether out of place and uncalled for if it had been absolutely correct. But as a matter of fact, it received its quietus only two days later, for the Llanelly band went up to Manchester and most ungraciously knocked Mr Seddon's little idea on the head by beating at least one of the prize-winners at South- port-the competition at which place he was alluding to when he spoke at Swansea. Naturally enough, the Welsh bands are incensed at Mr Seddon's declaration, which has been proved to be unwarrantable, and which was alike spiteful and uncalled for. Some of the defenders of Welsh bands are making things lively for Mr Seddon, and othersithreaton to do so. But it is best, in my opinion, to let well alone." Let our bands go in earnestly and persistently for practice—at will pay them better in the end than squabbling can possibly do. Another Band Contest. The enemies of the South Wales Brass Band Association are naturally jubilant at the severity of the Merthyr adjudication and the rebellion of bandsmen against Mr Seddon's sweeping assertion. They believe that both incidents will work mischief in the association. They are mis- taken. The association was called into existence because there was work to be done, and it is not going to die. Like every other society it has its stormy period to live through, but not until the work be fully accomplished will the association die. Just now it is very much alive. To-day (Saturday) a competition is announced te be held at the Rock Recreation Grounds, Aberdare, when numbers of valuable prizes will be given. It is understood that a large number of bands will be present. The test piece is Trafalgar."
THE WEATHER AND THE CROPS.
THE WEATHER AND THE CROPS. The weather has been very favourable for harvesting, and the wheat crop, which at mid- summer did not look like coming within 250,000 quarters of an 8,000,000 total, is now expected to be 250,000 quarters over the 8,000,000. There has therefore been a net improvement on the six weeks equal to half a million quarters on the yield. When all is said, however, the English wheat crop of 1892 will not be an average, and even with continued fine weather, the total on the turn will probably be a. full half million quarters short of what it was last year. Barley has come in remarkably well of late, and will now be very nearly an average in bulk while the quality will be better than usual. Oats'have not made at all equal progress to that made by wheat and barley. Opinions continue to vary a good deal in respect to this crop, but the best judges put the promise at 5 to 10 per cen.t. under the mean. Beans for the second year m Isa succession are a disappointing yield. With regard to trade, English wheat is in better supply than usual for the fag end of a cereal year, but Lincoln and other markets come 6d lower on the week. Foreign wheat advanced 3d per quarter for Indian sorts, the final crop re- ports showing that the yield was seriously de- ficient. A similar fractional advance is quoted on American wheat, owing to a decline of over 3 SBr cent, on the promise of the spring wheat crop. Russian wheat on the other hand is 6d lower on the week. Flour is the turn easier. Oats have sold fairly well, but prices are weak. Maize, beans, and peas are unchanged. — Marxians Express.
ON THE TRAIN.1
ON THE TRAIN. 1 D'&UJfØ1v: And do yoa mean to say that you never have any of your goods thrown back on your hands ? His TRAVELLING ACQUAINTANCE Ne, air; I'm an undertaker.
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A PATIENT WORKKR.—Perhaps the most con. scientious workmanship in the world is to be found in Japan, although the foreign demand for merely showy articles has proved somewhat cor- rupting, even to true artists. Yet there a.re still men who are proud to spend infinite pains on a piece of work for which they will be, according to our ideas of good wages, inadequately paid. A recent writer gives the following instance of modest self-estimate in the case of a man who is one of the most skilful and original artificers in the world, and whose works are everywhere ad- mired. This ivory-carver sat in his little room, open to his little garden, chiselling upon a mag- ficent tusk from which was just emerging a graceful female. The ivory he held between his knees and the tools were spread out close at hand. How long will this bit of work take you ?" I asked. About four months," he replied. THE CONSCIENTIOUS FRIEND.-Gus De Smith: You have not congratulated me on my approach. ing marriage. Col. Yerger: You see, I can't conscientiously extend any congratulations to you, since I am not acquainted with the young lady you are about to marry. On the other hand. knowing you intimately, I cannot conscientiously congratulate your future wife. Collector: Won't you subscribe something to our fund, Mr Brief '—Lawyer: Have you asked Brown?— Collector: No.—Lawyer: Well, I'd advise you to ask Brown. He'll give you some- thing handsome.—Collector: Bub your subscrip- tion ?-Lawyer: Oh-I ? Oh, yes. Well l won't charge you anything for my advice about Browu. Good morning. t
WELSH GLEANINGS. I
WELSH GLEANINGS. By Lloffwr. Old Time Doings. A few days ago, at the annual entertainment given by Mr and Mrs Humphreys-Owen, at GJan- severn, to the Sunday schools of the parish of Berriow, Mr Humphreys-Owen read for the amusement of his guests some interesting extracts from a diary kept by an ancestor of his family, Captain Wm. Owen, describing the doings of a press gang in Montgomeryshire 130 years ago. Mr Bryn Roberts. It is not generally known that Mr Bryn Roberts is one of the best chess-players in the House of Commons. On dull nights he is usually to be found in one of the smoking- rooms contesting with Mr Newnes, Col. Nolan, or some other enthusiast the supremacy of the board and Parliamentary freshmen regard with awe the little coterie of grave and reverend seignieurs who find an interest in watching the slow evolution of the game. The smoking- room most affected by the chess-players is that on the first floor, just beyond the wine bar ot the dining-room. It is here that Mr Labonchere gets through most of his work, smoking cigarettes the while; and it is here also that Lord Randolph Churchill and a select circle of kindred spirits meet to talk over topics of the day. The New Professor of Welsh. Mr Edward Edwards, who has been appointed to the professorship of Welsh at Aberystwyth College, vacant by the aceeptance of Professor J. E. Lloyd of the registrarship of Bangor College, is (says the Star) a student of St. John's College, Cambridge, and has distinguished himself at Cambridge. Previously he was at Bangor College. He is the son of a farmer in the Bala district, and is known as a preacher in Methodist chapels. He is a brother of the distinguished Welsh historical scholar, Professor O. M. Edwards, Fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford, and editor of the popular Welsh magazine, Cym.ru. Crime and Criminals in Wales. Baner ac Amserau Cymru protests against the character of Justice Lawrance's remarks at the Swansea Assizes on the prevalence of certain offences in Wales. It complains that the Judge failed to distinguish between offences in Wales aite offences by Welshmen. The calendar at the Swansea Assize was conspicuous for the absenoe of Welsh names and Welsh prisoners. Justice Lawrance has done an injustice to a nation which has learnt to appreciate virtue and purity as precious pearls. Steele's Resting-place. Within the precincts of St. Peter's Church, Carmarthen, in perfect peace and free from the anger of unpaid creditors, lie the mortal rewains of Sir Richard Steelo, the friend of Addison, and of whose witty and genial productions few are ignorant. He found his second wife on the banks of the Towy at Llangnnnor, and the abundance of letters he penned to her from the London Tavern displays the improvidence and joviality, as well as the good-naturedness of his disposition. The unrivalled beauties of the vale of the Towy and the devotedness of his wife were insufficient to detain him in Wales and to dissociate him from his fri^t^a and wild habits in London, until he was driven to seek refuge here from a storm of overwhelming debts, and To husband out life's taper at its close, And stop the flame from wasting by repose." A Successful Musician. Miss Kate Lewis, who has taken a certificate for elocution at the Royal Academy of Music this year, is of Welsh parentage, but was born and educated at Gosport, in Hampshire. She entered the Academy in 1888. taking singing as her principal study, under Mr Alberto Randegger and Mr Fred Walker, and elocution under Mr W. Lacey and Mr J. Millard. Miss Lswis has also studied opera with Mr Betjemann, and has gained six medals in her three years' study. She has a rich contralto voice, and is now engaged with the Lyceum Company, singing in the trio in Henry VIII., "Orpheus with His Lute." Mr Ellis and the Liberal Ministry. Saturday's Star says :—Mr T E. Ellis and other Welsh M.P.'s continue in town. Reports arise that Mr Ellis will be offered some office in the forthcoming Government, but no one knows any- thing on the subject. It cannot be too often impressed on the English public that the leading Welsh Nonconformist M.P.'s are not the narrow Puritans that Tory imagination paints. Mr Ellis was one of the most popular men of his year at Oxford, and has travelled greatly. He has a taste for poetry, and can grow sentimental over a Jacobite ballad, and few men can admire a landscape more. Mr Lloyd-George again is probably one of the few M.P.'s who have read right through Gibbon's Decline and Fall and Hallam's Constitutional History. He also is so free from bigotry that he can follow with genuine interest all important movements in the Churches of England and Rome, and reads weekly and enjoy. the Church Times. Et Caetera. Mr Edward Edwards, the newly-appointed lecturer at Aberystwyth, is a brother of Mr Owen M. Edwards, and is a student at St. John's, Cambridge. The resolution passed the other day by the Welsh members, affirming their determination to support the Home Rule Bill by constant atten- dance, and thereafter to claim a place for the Disestablishment question, has been sent to Mr Gladstone, who courteously acknowledges its receipt. Mr J. Pierce Lewis, solicitor, Denbigh, and private secretary to the Bishop of St. Asaph, has been appointed Probate Registrar for the district comprising Flintshire, Denbighshire, and Merionethshire, the post having been rendered vacant by the death of Mr R. J. Sisson, J.P., who held the position for a number of yeaM,
THEORtGtNAL "CHEERYBLE" BROTHERS.
THEORtGtNAL "CHEERYBLE" BROTHERS. Apropos of a correspondence concerning the originals of the Brothers Cheeryble in Nicholas Nicklebv," Mr Charles Dickens writes to the Standard from 12, St. Bride-street, as follows :— The originals of the Brothers Cheeryble wore the Brothers Grant, manufacturers and mer- chants, of Manchester and Ramsbottom. The Brothers Hollingworth, of Turkey Court, Maidstone, may havo been dear intimates" of my father; but it is at least odd that I never hoard of them until to- dav. But Mr Jardme's mistake is of no un- common sort. I wonder how many undoubted originals of Sam Weller I have, had described to me in the course of my reading tours, all over the country, during the last six years. Another correspondent of the Standard says:— The three brothers, William, Daniel, and John (the third brother is probably Tim Linkinwater) were the sons of ft herdsman, whose occupation coasisted in driving cattle from the north of Scotland to tbo rich pastures of Cheshire and Lancashire. Being shrewd fellows, they observed with interest the thriving looks of the Lancashire folks. They were attracted by the print-cotton mills which lay by the IrwelJ. They were thriftv and hardworking, and soon saved money. Their savings became capital, andthey^invested in a little print works, their capital grew, and they went on investing it in print works and cotton mills. They became great capitalists and manufacturers, and bv their industry, ability, and integrity were regarded as amongst thebestmenin Lancashire They never forgot the working classes fromwhwhtheyhad sprung, and as their labours had contributed to their wealth, they spared no expense in providing for the moral, intellectual, and physical interests of their workpeople.
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A REAL CASE OF STUPIDITY Hosietter McGinnis: How do you like Miss Jones ? In mv opinion she is not only handsome, but very intelligent. Gus De smith I agree with you as far as looks are concerned, but she is not intelli- gent I've been courting her for the past six months, and I don't think from the way she acts ibali flbe baa found it out yet.
A Paradise in Wales. .
A Paradise in Wales. I'; lies in the noble valley of the Conway, this Paradise, m which we, alas are only as guests that tarry but for a day. Over against us the twin giants Carnedd Llewelyn and Carnedd Dafydd rear their mighty heads to the sky while between them and the river-lowlands there is many a lesser peak famous in old Welsh song. The distant summits are sometimes streaked with snow even in the height of summer but here on the Denbighshire slope of the Conway the air seems ever balmy, and the sun shines warmly even in the depth of winter. Here one of England's merchant princes has built for himself a lordly house, and laid out for himself a fair domain; and here for some portion of every month the man of many enterprises, the moving spirit of manycompanies, becomes for the timethe country squire, and exchanges the care and turmoil of business for the delight and calm of landscape gardening. I know no other house within the four seas which commands so splendid a prospect. A prospect, too, which, beside its majesty of feature, has so wondrous a play of expression about it that it can never tire or oppress you as grandeur is sometimes wont to do. From the western windows ot the house and from the western garden terraces one looks down upon a wide and shining reach of the Conway; and now he flows swiftly and cheerily to the sea, and now his course is checked and his mirth is stilled by the solemn noiseless inflowing of the tide:— Such a tide as, moving, seems asleep— Too full for sound and form. And the everlasting hills beyond—they too are ever changing. When the light of morning falls upon them every tiny whitewashed cottage upon their slopes shines with a dazzling brightness, and the grimmer heights beyond reveal every chasm and every scar that the forces of fire and frost have wrought upon their surface. When the westering sun goes down in glory behind them, the whole ridge, its separate features all lost in shadow, rises like one vast dark blue barrier against the sunset sky. When the noonday sun shines out of a cloudless heaven the giants seem to be so near to you, and be so peacefully asleep, that you are ready to believe them quite easy of access—ready to fancy that you might walk a few hundred yards and lay your hand upon their great heads and stroke their couchant limbs. And the next day, belike, they will have withdrawn themselves far away, and wrapped themselves about in garments of cloud and mist and mystery, and seem haughtily to for- bid any approach to familiarity. And then again will come a day when they have disappeared alto- gether—a weeping rain descends like a veil between you and the mountains, and for all that you can see they might not exist. But here the rain does not last long. At Bettws. at the far end of the valley, tourists may be sighing wearily that the rain it raineth every day;" while here the mountains have drawn the rain-clouds to themselves and the glory of the rainbow falls upon them. For here, as your host will tell you, he has never known, in all the years that he has known and loved the place, one single day of absolutely unbroken rain. But be that as it may, to-day, at least, the clouds are highest up in air," and one could hask in the sunshine from morning until evening, feasting one's eyes upon the scene spread out before one. But this the Squire will by no means suffer; he will have you forth with him now, that lie may show you some of the works which he so much delights in. His landscape gardening, indeed, is not carried out after the fashion of that enthusiast of Head- long Hall," who instructs Squire Headlong in the art of improving the crude attempts of Nature to beautify his estate in Snowdonia. Our Squire's "improvements" never come into competition with the grand features of the view—never ob- trude themselves: one has to go in search of them. There is the walk along the river, re- claimed out of its bed and raised above the reach of its tide there are the sweeping glades hol- lowed out in the heart of the woods, all grass- grown and mossy there is the hanging walk along the face of the cliff, on the top of which Gray placed his Bard, and therefore known as the Poet's Cliff. But above all there is the Dell in all its beauty. The Dell is a narrow valley which a little mountain-stream, a tributary of the Conway—the Erythlyn its euphonious name —lias made for itself. The Deli runs south- ward from just below the house in the di- rection of the neighbouring village of Eglwys- bach-the village, that is, of the little church. By the way, how strange it is every now and then throughout Wales to come across some Eglwys" dropped down amongst in- numerable "Llans." "Llans" is church, aud Eglwys is of course the Norman equivalant. Here there is Llandudno, the Church of St. Tudno, at the sea end of the valley and Llan- rwst far up in its recces and midway between them Eglwysbach. What a tale the little place, with its half French, half Welsh name, might have to tell, if we could but understand its language, of old unhappy times when some Norman over-lord strove to force his law and language upon the unwilling Celt. What long-drawn echo of bitter rage and hate may lie in that small etymology." But to return to the Dell. Forest trees still climb on its steep slopes, and the sunlight glints through their branches upon swaid cleared of all undergrowth but the bed of the little valley has been cleared of forest timber altogether, and here are shaven lawns between the water courses into which the Erythlyn is parted, and here grows many a rare and stately shrub. And a goodly sight it is, when the Squire will have some new shrub planted by his guests in memory of their visit, to see him cast his hat into the air and summon the fairies of the glen to aid its growth. And verily they come. The fairies, who water all things planted here with the most genial of showers, fan them with the gentlest of breezes, and kiss them with the brightest of sunbeams. Here all life luxuriates the thrush begins his song earlier, and gives forth that first fine care- less rapture yet more gladly than elsewhere the blackbird whistles more sweetly; and the squirrel skips more merrily and the wise rooks, fromtheirhaunts in the forest trees above, lay down the law yet more authoritatively than other rooks are known to do. And here the fear of man has not fallen upon all other living things for it is not here considered a necessity of man's life that he should strive to kill time by going forth everv day to kill something- else. Alas that upon all this joy of life and all this loveliness the shadow of death should ever fall! But so it is. A massive tower dominates all ths glen. Like the mummy at the Egyptian feast, it may serve to chasten our mirth for it is the great "Tower of Silence," the family mausoleum. It is in this fair resting-place, with its variegated marbles and its richly coloured glass, that they who now with such loving care guard the beauties of this paradise must some day lie. They will not see the shadows, They will not feel the rain They will not hear the nightingale Sing on, as if in pain But, dreaming through the twilight That doth not rise nor set, Haply they may remember, And haply may forget. But be that day far distant. For the moment, at least, the saddening thought of it is swept away by the mountain breezes which blow about us as, after inspection of the glen, we are driven by the Squire to visit some far outlying upland farm in the hills behind the house. Yet other reaches of the Conway come into view from these heights, and yet other ranges of the mountains beyond it, till at last the view in one direction reaches to the shapely cone of Moel Siabod and the triple peaks of Snowdon, and in the other to the sunlit sea. Then back to the house once more, in time to sit again on the western terrace and watch the sunset. No bridge spans the Conway for all the many miles that lie between Llanrwst and Conway's Tower and Town but just at the end of the reach we look down upon we can espy the lumber- ing barge lazily plying its evening task between the ferryman's cottage in Carnarvonshire and the little inn which looks across a.t it from this side the river. And with the pinnacles of the "Tower of Silence peeping at us through the trees of the glen we fall a-musiug of the grim ferryman of the Styx, a.nd wonder if perchance he will tell us when we enter his barge that he may not land us on the Elysian Fields, for that man may know but one paradise (as Mahommed felt when he would not enter Damascus), and that we have already tasted of ours once and again in this earthly Paradise in Wales.— St. James's Gazette.
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CUMULATIVE PKAISE.—In the month of March, 1815, the Paris Moniteur announced the unu. pocted return of the Emperor Napoleon from Elba. The first announcement of the Moniteur was far from polite, but as the little Corsican approached Paris a gradual change took place in its tone :—" The cannibal has left his den." "The Corsican wolf has landed in the Bay of San Juan." "The tiger has arrived at Gay." "The wretch spent the night at Grenoble." "The tyrant has arrived at Lyons." "The usurper has been seen within 50 miles of Paris." Bonaparte is advancing with great rapidity but he will not put his foot inside tho walls of Paris." To-morrow Napoleon will be at our gates." The Emperor has arrived at Fontain- gates." "His Imperial Majesty, Napoleon entered Paris yesterday, surrounded by his loyal subjects." Is it not gratifying," said Caraway, genially removing some dust from Hook's shoulder "is it not, indeed, most comforting to reflect that our friendship, despite the vicissitudes of life stili remains as strong and unimpaired as it was in the beginning ?'r "I should say so," assented Hook "will twenty do this time, do you think?" Smith Ilobinson was looking for you to-day. Brown. He leaves for the West tomorrow morn- ing, where he intends to remain, and he wanted to collect that twenty-five dollars you owe him. Brown Yes, I saw him a little time ago. I pro- mised to forward him the money next week. In what part of the West does ho intend to settle F. "I don't know, I didn't ask him."
People Will Talk.
People Will Talk. You may get through the world, but 'twill be very slow, If you listen to all that is said as you go You'll be worried, and fretted, and kept in a stew For meddlesome tongues must have something to do— And people will talk. If quiet and modest, you'll have it presumed That your humble position is only assumed, You're a wolf in sheep's clothing, or elss you're a fool; But don't get excited, keep peifectly cool, For people will talk. And then, if you show the least boldness of heart, Or a slight inclination to take your own part, They will call you an upstart, conceited, and vain But keep straight ahead, don't stop to explain— For people will talk. If threadbare your dress, and old-fashioned your hat Someone will surely take notice of that, And hint rather strong that you can't pay your way But don't get excited, whatever they say— For people will talk. If your drees is in fashion, don't think to escape, For they-criticise then in a different shape— You're ahead of your means, or your tailor's unpaid; But mind your own business, there's nought to be made— For people will talk. The best way to do is to do as you please, For your mind, if you have one, will then be at ease, Of course you will meet with all sorts of abuse But don't think to stop them—it ain't any use— For people will talk. Herbert Kivowles.
When I Go Back to Wales.
When I Go Back to Wales. When I go back to Wales, my boys- Fair Gwalia, land of song— What many recollections sweet Will round my memory throng; The merry games I used to play, Tho songs 1 used to sing— Oh how those happy days of youth Still to my mem'ry cling. Chorus- When I go back to Wales, my boys, When I go back to Wales, Oh, how my heart will then rejoice, When I go back to Wales. I long to hear the blackbird sing His songs of days gone by; I long to hear the merry lark A-warbling in the sky Once more to hear the nightingale, Her sweet melodious strain— While fancy would translate each note, A welcome home again. Chorus— When I go back to Wales, my boys, etc. When I go back to Wales, my boys, The land I love so well The land where many a hero true With brave Llewelyn fell; Though lies between that land and me The dark blue rolling main, There is a magnet in its soil That draws me back again. Chorus- When I go back to Wales, my boys, etc. I long to see the old, old cot That stood below the mill— I wonder if the ivy green Is growing 'round it sti)] Methinks I see my mother's form There waiting at the door, Her heavenly face with smiles aglow, To greet me home once more. Chorus- When I go back to Wales, my boys, etc. May God protect thee, Gwalia wen," And bless thy children still; Refulgent beam his heavenly smiles Upon thy ev'ry hill; Oh may the mem'ries grand of old Aye, cluster round thy name— Like Snowdon, mountain prince of Wales, Immortal by thy fame! èhorns- When I go back to Wales, my boys, etc.
The Household.
The Household. Moral Training in the Home. In anaisnt times every house in which good people dwelt was, more or less, a church in itself. The father was, in some respects, a priest,* and the moral training of the young was solely in the hands of the parents. We live in an age of Christian institutions; when churches and Sunday-schools are planted in every town and hamlet, and it is to be feared that there is a growing inclination, even in respectable classes of society, to assume that. because these agencies are at work, there is, therefore, no need for parental interference. Such a conclusion is a mistaken one, and has not only hindered the best efforts of Christian workers, but has resulted in the ruin of many of our young people. The children are ours; and by no kind of equivocation can we shirk the responsibility which this involves. It is not enough that the minister and teacher have them under their care. The minister seldom notices the young people in his congrega- tion, and his sermon flies over their sleepy little heads; and the teacher, though willing enough perhaps, cannot do much towards moulding the characters of a dozen restless, frolicsome boys, whom ha only sees for an hour or two during the week. It is part of our life's mission to keep the morals of the boys and girls under a oonstant and wise supervision, and to try, by every available means, to promote purity, honesty, and kindli- ness of purpose, and foster a robust, generous manliness and womanliness. The Church and the home wore intended to co-operate in the elevation of the young, and if the home opportu- nities, which are so many and exceptional, were conscientiously used for the building up of the young lives in all that is true and noble, the result would be far more lasting and satisfactory than at present. LITTLE THINGS.—Life is made up of trifles that in themselves seem of little moment, and yet our happiness, yea, even our comfort, is made or marred by these same trifles. Some little thing, scarcely noticed at the time, often influences the whole tenour of our lives. There comes a time in every life when to decide which path to take of the many leading onward, seems almost impos- sible then the merest tiifle may turn the scales, giving the thoughts and actions an impetus that makes the life lived beautiful to the end, or a sad and hopeless ruin. Ah how little it takes to make the heart light and glad, and yet less per- haps to make it heavy and sad. Hints. BLACKBERRY VINEGAR.—Pour one quart of vinegar over one quart of brambles, let it stand 24 hours, squeeze out the juice, and put into it for two days in succession as much fruit as the vinegar will hold, each time pressing out the juice. To each quart of prepaied vinegar put 21b. of sugar, and boil for 10 minutes. When cool, bottle and serve. A pleasant cooling drink is made by two parts of water to one of vinegar. CREAMED POTATOES.—Scrape new potatoes, put in a saucepan, pour boiling water over, add a littlo sauce, and cook until done take up in a. hot dish, and pour over cream sauoe. CUSTARD PUDDING.—Two cupfuls of stewed fruit, two cupfuls of new milk, two eggs, a cupful and a half of bread-crumbs, two tablespoonfuls of sugar, and a little grated nutmeg. Mix the crumbs and truit in a bowl, beat the eggs and crumbs and truit in a bowl, beat the eggs and sugar, and add the milk to them. Mix all thoroughly together, andj pour it into a well- buttered pie-dish, and bake until it is well set and nicely browned. CAUMFMWNR AU GBATIN.—Prepare and boil the cauliflower in the usual way. removing all imperfect leaves. After carefully draining the cauliflower, put it in a baking-pan and sprinkle with a layer of grated cheese—Parmesan is the best—and on the top of this a layer of fine bread- crumbs. and small pieces of butter. Season with salt and pepper. Bake a nice brown, and serve very hot. QUICK BISCUIT.—Sift one quart of flour with two teaspoonfuls of baking powder, add a teaspoonful of salt and a small tablespoonful of lard mix with sweet milk, roll thin, and bake quickly. BBOILKD CHICKEN.—Split a half-grown chicken down the back and flatten the breast bone, rub with butter, lay on a gridiron and place over a clear Sre. When half-done, sprinkle with salt and pepper. Turn until brown on both sides. Take up on a hot dish, pour over melted butter, and serve with tomato sauce. HAM TOAST.—Slices of toasted bread with the crust cut off, two eggs, two tablespoonfuls of butter, some cold ham or tongue grated. Pub the yolks and whites, well beaten, into a stewpan with the butter stir them two minutes over the fire, spread them over the toast, and lay over them a sufficient quantity of cold ham or tongue. ROAST LAMB.—Wipe the meat with a damp towel, place in a baking-pan, and dredge with pepper. Put a teaspoonful of salt in the bottom of the pan, add a cupful of water baste every ten minutes and bake fifteen minutes to every i pound, in a very hot oven. Sprve with miab •*auce. ECHOES FROM THE CALENDAR. AUGUST. 21. SUNDAY.—10th Sunday after Trinity. 22. MONDAY.—Battle of Bosworth 1485. Sydney Dobell, poet, died 1874. 23. TUESDAY.—Queen of the Belgians born 1856. 24. WEDNESDAY.—St. Bartholomew. Battle of Mah- sameli 1882. 25. THURSDAY.—Michael Faraday died 1867. 26. FRIDAY.—Da ttle of Cressy 1346: Prince Consort born 1819. 27. SATURDA L-Algiers bombarded 1816. Thomson, poet, died 1748. Welsh Tales About the Battle of Bosworth. The 22nd of August, 1485, was an important day in England, not merely in putting an end to the reign and the life of a usurper and murderer, whose rule was a disgrace to it. but in finally free- ing it from the civil contentions comprehended under the title of the Wars of the Roses. It should be more borne in mind than it is, says a writer in Chambers' Book of Days,that the first of the Tudor Sovereigns was a Welsh noble, and owed much to the friendshipof his warm-blooded country- men. He was particularly indebted to the men of Pembrokeshire, his native country. At the time of the battle of Tewkesbury, Henry was a boy at Pembroke Castle, but this place not being thought one of safety, he was removed by his uncle Jasper, Earl of Pembroke, to Tenby. Here he was received with much hospitality by the Mayor, John White, who secretly conveyed him to Britanny in one of his own vessels. After- wards, when he returned it was at Milford he landed, marching thence to meet "the bloody and usurping boar," at Bosworth field. Henry upon coming to the throne was not un- mindful of the assistance he. had re- ceived. He rewarded the Mayor of Tenby with a lease, at a. nominal rent, of all the Crown-lands about the town, a good recompense," says the the historian of Pembroke- shire, to one man for a good deede done to the whole realme." It was rather a curious circum- stance that George White, who was Mayor of Tenby in 1863, was a descendant of him who aided Henry in his escape; and was like his ancestors a wine merchant, residing on the spot occupied by his family more than four ceuturies ago. The treacherous Stanley may have placed the crown upon Richmond's bead on Bosworth field, but the hand that virtually crowned him was that which dealt the gallant Richard his death wound. According to Welsh tradition, the deed was done by Rhys ap Thomas, commonly called "the valiant Welsh- man." This hero of the Principality came of a warlike stock. His grandfather fell fighting for the White Rose, at Mortimer's Cross his father was murdered as he lay spent and wounded by the side of the corpse of David Gough, whom he had killed in single combat. Rhys himself was brought up at the Court of Burgundy, and did credit to his knightly training. The death of his two elder brothers, killed in some petty border skirmishes, lett him the representative of his race, and lord of the greater part of Carmarthenshire. During the latter part of Edward IV.'s reign, and through the minority of his successor, the Welsh chieftain occupied himself in training his tenantry in war, that he might be ready for the troublous times he foresaw must come. When Richard HI. became aware of the intention of the Earl of Richmond to dispute his right to the English throne, he wished to assnre himself of the support of Rhys ap Thomas. To that end he sent commissioners to Carmarthen to administer the oath of allegiance to Rhys, and demand the sur- render of his son and heir, a boy four. years old, as hostage for his fidelity. Not caring to defy Richard's anger, Rhys took the oath, though much against his will, but declined to give up his child. To mollify the King for his disobedience, he (or rather the Abbot of Talye for him) wrote a letter to Richard, asserting his loyalty, and promising to obey his masters com- mands by preventing the landing of Richmond at Milford Haven. He says he "deems it not unseasonable to annex this voluntary protestation that whoever, ill affected to the State, shaH dare to land in those parts of Wales, where I have employment under your Majesty, must resolve with himself to make his entrance and irruption over my belly As for the delivery of his son and heir, he pleads his infancy. Not long after the despatch of this politic letter, the abbot of Talye and the Bishop of St. David's employed all their influence with Rhys to persuade him to join the party of the Earl of Richmond. The latter promised his full absolution for breaking his oath, a matter which did not trouble the soldier's conscience so much as violating the promises he had given under his hand and seal. While Rhys was debating with himself, a letter arrived from Richmond soliciting his assistance, and promising great rewards in the event of success. This decided the Welsh captain's course of action. He at once took the field with two thousand men, Kinsiver and friends flocked to his standard, and setting out for Milford Haven, he welcomed Richmond ashore, and tendered his services to him, at the same time satisfying his own scruples by lying on the ground and allowing the earl to pass over his body. It is stated that Rhys played a most important part in the battle of Bosworth, one Welsh tradi- tion stating that Rhys ap Thomas slew Richard, manfully fighting with him band to hand, "and we have one strong argument in defence of our tradition to prove that he was the man who in all likelihood had done the deed for from that time forward the Earl of Richmond as long as he lived did ever honour him with the title of Father Rhys." Be this as ii; may, Rhys ap Thomas was knighted on the field, and was afterwards employed in the war with France and the rebellions at home. He was made a Knight of the Garter and Privy- Councillor, and appointed Constable and Lieutenant of Brecknock, Chamberlain of Car- marthen and Cardigan, Seneschal and Chancellor of Haverfordwest, Ross, and Builth, Justician of South Wales, and Governor of the Principality. At the end of Henry VII.'s reign, the recipient of so many honours retired to Wales, where he practised the national virtue of hospitality and style of great magni- ficence till his death at the good old age of seventy-six. His tomb, although sadly ruinated, is in St. Peter's Church, Carmarthen while his memory is preserved in the poetic literature of his countrymen, whose bards have delighted to sing of Rhys-ap-Thomas as the sword and buckler of his country, the champion of Cambria, the shield of Britain, the scourge of the obstinate, the protector of the innocent, and the flower of Cambro-Britons. East Africa. One of the results of the British Protectorate is shown in the commencement of a railway from Mombassa to the Lake Victoria Nyanza, a dis- tance of 600 miles, the first sod of which was turned by the wife of the Consul-General, Mrs Euan-Smith, on the 26th August, 1890. It is expected that a vast impulse will be given to trade, and also to missionary enterprise, by the construction of this railway. Its terminus is at the best natural harbour on the coast, being entirely land-locked.
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CONTENTMENT.—A Connecticut man, being annoyed by a huge rat which persisted in making way with chicken feed and pretty much every- thing else that it found in the barn loft, set a trap for tho marauder. The trap was a new- fangled affair, baited with a nice piece of toasted ehepse, but the rat was too cunning, so an old- fashioned steel-pronged trap was buried under the chaff in the well-worn path from under the hay, and the new trap pushed aside. The old rat was caught the first night and killed, and no one thought of the other trap for three weeks. When the farmer's boy went to look for it, a mass of stuff in the centre attracted his attention, and, on examination, it was found that a couple of half- grown rats had found their way into it, and bad settled .down to make the best of the situation. They had drawn in through the spaces at least two quarts of chaff and bits of hay, and had gone to housekeeping. They looked surprised at being disturbed, and the farmer is now exhibiting them as specimens of cvnt^ntm-nt under difficulties. Yes, sir; I can enlarge this photograph and give you a speaking likeness," said the artist. "A speaking likeness 1" said the widower, who has a vivid remembrance of deceased. I would like the portrait, but-»-bu(r-'I—«rw4on't Qareto bave it talk much."
Old Glamorgan\ Families.
Old Glamorgan Families. [By W. R. WTLLIAMS, TALTBONT]. STRADLING-CARNE OF ST. DONAT'S. The family of Carne, of Kasb, was originally descended from Ywyn, King of Gwent, and it was through the marriage of Howell Carne with Tibet, daughter and heiress of Alexander Giles, of Nash, that the Carnes became possessed of that estate. Their grandson, John, who lived in the time of "Bluff King- Hall," had two sons, the younger of whom, Sir Edward Came, Knt., was a man of influence in those times, for he was High Sheriff of the county, 154-3 and 1555, and its member in Parliament, 1554 and 1555. Sir Edward founded the family of Carne, of Eweuny, and his son, Thomas Carne, of Ewenny, was M.P. Glamorgan, 1586 and 1588, and High Sheriff no fewer than three times, the years 1562, 1572, and 1581 and having allied himself with a daughter of Sir John Wyndham (ancestor of the Earl of Dunraven), had a son, Sir John Carne, Knight. The estate of Ewenny was afterwards carried to the family of r Turberville by the marriage of its heiress with Edward Turberville. But to return to the head of the family, Sir Edward Carne had an elder brother, John Carne, of Nash, who had two sons, John, who served as High Sheriff of the county. 1561, and William, who succeeded his brother in the estate, and had a sou, Sir Edward Carne, Knight, who held the lucrative appointments of Teller of the Exchequer and Receiver-General of South Wales. His grandson, Thomas, was High Sheriff in 1690, and his great grandson, John Carne, of Nash, was made Sheriff January, 1731, as appears in the first volume of the Gentleman's Magazine." From him the estate descended to Eleanor Carne, who married Thomas Markham, of Cheltenham, and, dying September, 1842, was succeeded in the estate by the Rev Robert Nicholl, who acquired the estate through his marriage with Elizabeth Carne, great grand- daughter of the before-mentioned John Carne, 16th September, 1731. Mr Nicholl subsequently assumed the additional surname of Carne, and, dying in the year 1849, was succeeded in the estates by his only surviving son, John Whitlock Nicholl-Carne, who was born in 1816, became M.A. and D.C.L. of Oxford, and was called to the bar by the Honourable Society cf the Inner Temple at the age of 24. He was married twice, first to the daughter of P. W. Brancher, of Field House, Wavertree, and secondly to Miss Mary Salusbury, of Hampton, Herefordshire, and was a Justice of the Peace and a Deputy-Lieutenant of his native county, in which he possessed the three ancient seats of St. Donat's Castle and Dimland Castle, near Cowbridge, and Nash Manor, near Bridgend. To commemorate his connection with the old family of Stradling, of St. Donat's, he assumed the name of Stradling-Carne in 1877 in lieu of Nicholl-Carne, His eldest son is John Devereux Vann Loder Nicholl-Carne, J.P. and D.L. for the county, born in 1854. Of the family of Nicholl, it may be said that there are several branches of the family seated around Cowbridge, at The Ham and Merthyr Mawr, of whom the most distinguished members were Sir John Nicholl, Knt., of Merthyr Mawr, and his son, of the same name and place. Sir John was a well-known man in the reign of George III. and George IV., being an eminent civilian who attained to the elevated judicial post of Judge of the Arches Court of Canter- bury, received the honour of Knighthood, and was made a member of the Privy Council Feb., 1809. He was M.P. Great Hedwyn (Wiltshire) from 1807 till the borough was disfranchised by the Reform A"t of 1832. H-itt younger son, .John Iltyd Nioholi, was born 1792, educated at Westminster School and Christ Church. Oxford, was called to the Bar at Lincoln's Inn 1824, and two years later became a D.C.L. He increased his influence in 1821 by his marriage with Jane Harriet, second daughter of Thomas Mansel Talbot, of Marsram Abbey, and to the late C. R. M. Talbot, M.P., and, havirg been returned member for Cardiff in 1S32 after a contest with its former member, Lord Patrick Stuart, he became a Lord Commissioner in her Majesty's Treasury 1835, and in Sir Robert Peel's second Administration, 1841-6, Mr Nicholl held the office of Judge Advocate GeneraL being at the same time added to the Privy Council. He was re-elected for Cardiff six times, and sat till 1852, when he was defeated by Mr Walter Coffin, and died in Italy the following January, being succeeded in his estates by his eldest son, John Cole Nicholl, of Merthyr Mawr, who was born 1823, served some time in the Rifle Brigade, is a J.P. and D.L. for the county, and in 1860 married Mary, daughter of the late Lewis L. Dillwyn, M.P. for Swansea Town. And now to say something of the Norman family of Stradling or De Esterling, which came over with the Conqueror and settled m Glamor- ganshire about the end of the eleventh century, becoming therein one of its most powerful fami- lies, in their noble demesne of St Donat's Castle. Sir John Stradling, Knt., who was of literary tastes and published some volumes of epigrams and poems, succeeded his kinsman, Sir Edward, in the estates 1609, and was created a baronet two years later. He served as'High Sheriff 1620, and was knight of the shire for Glamorgan 1626. and his son Sir Edward, the second baronet, was member for Glamorgan 1640, and during the Civil War took a brief but active part on the side of Royalty, fighting as a colonel at the Battle of Edgehill, where he was taken prisoner. His death took place soon afterwards in 1644. and his remains were interred m the chapel of Jesus College, Oxford. This Sir Edward married Mary, daughter of Sir Thomas Mansel, of Margam, and their grandson, the fifth baronet, sat as member for Cardiff 1698-1701, and again 1710-22, and had two sons, Edward and Thomas. The eldest son, Edward Stradling, married the daughter of Sir Edward Mansel, of Margam, was High Sheriff 1710, and elected for Cardiff 1722, but died in the lifetime of his father, 1727, while his younger brother Thomas succeeded to the baronetcy on his father's death in 1735, but died unmarried at the early age of 27 at Mont- pelier, in France, three years afterwards, when the title became extinct. Then the demesae of St. Donat's Castle and the other estates of the Stradlings (then valued at about £ 5,000 per annum-a very large income in those days) de- volved for life upon the Hon. Bussey Mansel, who was M.P. for Cardiff 1727-34, and Glamor- gan 1737-44, when he succeeded his brother as fourth Lord Mansel (of Margam), and who died six years afterwards, when the peerage became extinct.
BASE DECEPTION.
BASE DECEPTION. RUBENSTKIN I vant four tollar feer der shoes. 'RASTUS: Fo' de lawd sakes de sign say two dollars. RUBENSTKIN Yeas, put dot sign ees only on von shoe.
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There is a young member of the diplomatic corps in Washington who is disposed to be polite, but who is not always judicious. He was con- versing with a lady who combines intellectual and physical graces with a. considerable degree of maturity. "I have enjoyed talking with you very much," he said. It is a pleasure to be in the society of some one who has observed the world." "But, Mr Brown," she said, laughingly, "perhaps I am not as old as I look." "I was always sure of that," he returned, with all the gallantry of manner he could muster. DELICATE TO A FAULT. —MrsSlinjson My Clara is an awfully delicate girl she can't stand any- thing. Mrs Von Biumer Neither can my Maude. She put on a sailor httt the other day and it made her seasick.
--GOSSIPS' CORNER.
GOSSIPS' CORNER. It is repeated that Lady Salisbury is most anxious that her liege lord should accept a dukedom. It is stated that when the Courts resume after the Long Vacation Lord Coleridge will not again take his seat as Lord Chief Justice. An article by Mr Gladstone on the Irish ques- tion will appear in the North American Review. It is a reply to the Duke of Argyll. The Rev Henry T. Valentine, of Little Walden, near Welwyn, Herts, has intimated his intention to abolish all compulsory fees for marriages ot burials. A word book of the Messiah, when first per- formed in Dublin, in 1742, contain ing pencil marks by one of the audience, has been acquired for the British Museum. Messrs Brunner, Mond, and Co. intimate an interim dividend at the rate of 50 per cent. for the last half-year, placing £ 50,000 to the reserve fund and carrying forward £ 77,000. The Duke and Duchess of Fife and their daughter Lady Alexandra Duff have left Duff House, Banff, for Mar Lodge, Eraemar, for the season. Mr George Fardo, the postmaster of Cardiff, has been the recipient within the past few days of cordial felicitations from his staff on his recent marriage. Ben Tillett is an enthusiastic cyclist. He tells his friends that his bonny little safety saved him a good many shillings in cab fares during his recent Parliamentary contest in Bradford. Mr H. Vv". Lucy is comjjiling a diary of the Salisbury Parliament after the manner of his previous book, The Diary of Two Parliinc-nts." The new volume will be illustrated with pictures by Mr Harry Furniss. The ex-Empress Eugenie, who is at present at hir beautiful seat at Farnborough, is enjoying very good health. Her hair has become white as snow, and she can walk only with the aid of a stick We would recommend our friends of Tarlan y Gioeithiwr to bear in mind that there is a very essential difference between an editorial article and the views of an anonymous newspaper cor- respondent. Among other honours bestowed by the Germap Emperor during his recent visit to England it that of the First Class of the Red Eagle upon General Du Plat, Equerry to the Queen, who has many times been attached to the Emperor's suite. The Grand Duke Sergius opened the Congress of Anthropology at Moscow on Saturday, in the presence of two hundred members, native and foreign. The majority of the visitors were French. Sir John Evans represented the Royal Society on the occasion. It is reported that the condition of Cardinal Lavigerie is very precarious. He has bad to leave his usual residence at Notte Dame d'Afrique and to remove to the hills. The Cardinal is suffering from partial paralysis of the tongue. This is the third attack he has had. Madame Pauline Viardot has just given to the Paris Conservatoire the original manuscript of Mozart's Don j uan, both words as well as music being in the master's own hand. It is not generally known that Madame Viardot possesses all the valuable manuscripts of Tourguenieff. It gives me the greatest pleasure," writes the Dean of Rochester to the Notts Cricket Club, to subscribe to the fund which I see you are collecting for the men who have done so much honour to the county with bat and ball. No one more admires their play or rejoices more in their success." Lord Francis Hervey, the new Civil Service Commissioner, is the son of the last Marquis of Bristol. At Eton and Oxford hs bad a distin- guished career—at the former carrying off "Newcastle"; at the latter(BalMeij.ejfailt^e first in Greats, and a fellowship at HerwOn^" jftsd' was President of the Union. Lady Henry Somerset's most important and energetic follower in the temperance war is the young Duchess of Portland. The paper which hor Grace will read at the forthcoming Women's Congress will consider the prevalence of excessive drinking on the part of women of the upper and middle classes. An interesting feature of the late rioting and bloodshed at Mr Carnegie's works was the employment of detective cameras to photograph the rioters unknown to them. The evidence of the plates will probably decide the vexed ques- tiou as to which party began the struggle and violated the law by entering the grounds at Homestead. The number of eminent ecclesiastics who have promised to be present at the investiture of Dr Vaughan (Cardinal Manning's successor) with the pallium will be remarkable. All the more impor tant men associated with the province will be at the ceremony, together with all the English Bis- hops. Representatives, too, will be present from Scotland, Ireland, and Wales. Among those whom Mr Gladstone has at his right hand at the present moment is Sir Algernon West, his former private secretary, who has toiled and wrought and thought" with tht modern Ulysses through past political excite- ments, and who now, after his distinguished career in posts of great public importance, can- not rest from travel when a new voyage is about to be undertaken by his old chief. Mr John Hodge, who is to be the president of the coming Trades Congress at Glasgow, is the secretary of the Scotch Steelworkers' Union. He is an Ayrshire man, and has been a steelworker during the greater part of his hfe. He has a capital presence, is a good speaker, and should make an admirable chairman. Mr Hodge is well known in South Wales. The young Earl of Arundel and Surrey, heir to the Dukedom of Norfolk, the proudest title in all the English peerage, is deaf, dumb, and blind. It is on his account that the Duke of Norfolk takes frequent pilgrimages to Lourdes, in the hope that, thanks to his devotion to the famous French shrine, some miraculous mercy of heaven may intervene in behalf of the sadly stricken heir ot the Howards. The booking for the Cardiff Festival is proceed- ing with extraordinary rapidity. Already over £ 1,000, or one-third of the liabilities, has been taken. Lord Windsor and Lord Aberdare have already booked seats in the President's Gallery, and Lord Bute has signified his intention of being present during the whole of the week. The Golden Legend is naturally the favourite, but serial tickets are by far the most popular, so that there is no great difference between the booking for the several perfc rmances.
A SATURDAY SERMON.
A SATURDAY SERMON. One cause of the commonness of intemperance in the present state of things is the heavy burden of care and toil which is laid on a large multi- tude of men. Multitudes, to earn subsistence for themselves and their families, are often com- pelled to undergo a degree of labour exhausting to the spirits and injurious to the health of consequence, relief is sought in stimulants. We do not find that civilisation lightens man's toili —as yet it has increased them and in this effect I see a sign of a deep defect in what we call the progress of society. It cannot be the design of the Creator that the whole of life should be spent in drudgery for the supply of animal wants. That civilisation is very imperfect ia which the mass of men can redeem no time for intellectual, moral, and social culture. It is melancholy to witness the degradation of multi. tudes to the condition of beasts of burthen. Exhausting toils unfit the mind to resist temptar tion. The man spent with labour and cut off by his condition from higher pleasures, is compelled to seek a deceitful solace in sensual excess. How the condition of society shall be so changed as prevent excessive pleasure on any class ia undoubtedly a hard question. One thing seem* plain*there is no tendency in our present instifcatiwirand habirs to bring relief. On the contrary; rich and poor seem to be more and more oppressed with incessant toil, exhausting forethougl| £ anxions struggles, fevetisb GQUip* t Jtitioas.—Dr Charming,