Monmouthshire Merlin

CAUSES OF THE POTATO DISEASE. The following letter was received hy the Earl of Erne at his agricultural meeting held lately at Lisnaskea :— ArilroMgan, September, 1845. f My Dear Lord Erne,—With regaid to the potato lailuie, I r am convinced that there is something radically wrong 111 the sys. a tem of cultivation throughout the country which has impaired the < constitution of the potato and rendered it delicate and liable to failure, particularly on stiff nndrained clay and imperfec'ly wrought soils, some varieties being more liable to fail than others. The advice given by the various writers upon the sub- ( ject, is good so far as it goes such as planting whole sets, earl;. planting, selecting sscd: from high grounds and mountain lud. dormant dissection or cutting the sets before the sap rises, &c.; < but few or any of them discuss the preparation of the lond, or the manure, which I conceive to be the most important of all. ÐII- ring my experience, 1 hive geneially found that failures are most common on wet stiff land, which, in an unfavourable season, cannot he touched at all, and, in a dry season, becomes a heap of clods. hoih of which s'utes are very unfavourable 10 the potalo crop. The absolute necessity of thorough-draining is, there- fore, apparent, as the first step to be uttsined. I last year made an experiment, which wa< so successful, that I feel anxious il should be repeated by others in diffment parts of the country. It was simply this, 1 spread the manure in autumn upon a wheat stubble. I ploughed it in with a deep furrow, and in this slate it remained during 'he winter; early in spring, the sand was well pulverised with giubber and harrows, and drilled up for pota- tOES, which were planted in cut sets about the 12th of April, 1 without any more manure. The potatoes bad been cut six weeks prevlOus to their being planted, and the\ consisted of Ihe most delicate kinds, most liable to failure. The result was perfectly successful; there was not a diseased plant in the field. This might nol have bean Ihought so remllrkable had I not planted! some of the salDe potatoes in another field upon the old system of spreading the manure in drills putting the potato sets upon it. and covering them up. These turned so complete a failure, that I had to sow turnips In place of them, as not one in twenty came up; in every olher respe t the treatment was the same. In attempting 10 accounl tor these °ppc5ite lesults, I would observe that the potato is, of all vegetables, the most liable to feimen- ( tation on the approach of Spl ing, or when placed in contact with any fermenting substance it should, therefore, be placed as soon as the frost appears to be gone ia spring and if the ground is prepared in the autumn previous, the manure being well iocor- porated wiih it, there will be no danger of the potato fermenting too rapidly, as it is liable to do when placed upon hot dung. I believe that, by judicious treatment, and, above all, by not rua- nuring too highly, when we want to grow potatoes for seed, the plant may be bionght back to its former vigorous condition, and leoieled more hardy for, by gorging it wiih too much concen- irated manuie, it has been forced into an unnatural state. A moderately rich, rvel^ pulverising soil, il moie essential 10 the health of the potato than to plant it upon a dunghill. To effect the autumn manuring of his potato lend, no one deserving ihe approbation of a good larmer can be at any losi to raise a suffi- ciency of dung by the month of October, if he cuts and carries his clover, tares, and other green food to be consumed by his cattle in the house,"

HORRIBLE AFFAIR. (From the Cork Examiner.) We have been informed of the main features of a most horribla and atrocious deed of blood which was perpetrated on Sunday nioht last, in the town of Butievant, bysomesutdiersofthe J6ih regiment, lying in the barracks of that town, upen an in- | offensive young man, of 19 yeHs 01 age, the only support of an aged mother, who now deplores with maternal agony his un- timely removal from this life. It appears that < feeling of ill-will has for some lime subsisted between the people of the town and the military, between whom occasional scuffles took place as opportunity offered for collision. On Sunday night last two soldiers of IIlis regiment had a scuffle of this kind with 2cill¡Jiilos which, we understand, resulted in the defeat of the soldiers, who retreated to their barracks, and after a short time re appeared in the town, arcompanied by a large body of!heir comrades, to tha number of 15 or 16 men. The party searched everywhere for the persons who had been engaged in cooflict with their comrades, hut without sllccess; and tailing in the object of their pursuit, Ihey laid violent hands on a young and inoffensive man, Denis Couglau, a baker by trade, tt.ey crying out at the same time VVe* 11 crump him." They then surrounded him, and seizing him by the back of the neck, they pressed his head down to his b east. When they let him drop he w?s a corpse Same few people, alarmed al- the furious erie, and threats of the soldiers, tied from the scene as they beheld the fatal deed perpetrated and when they had the courage to venture near the spot again, they removed the body, and laid it insiJe a v\&!l at the end of the town, where the foul crime was perpe rated. An inquest was held next day, and the doctor of the tegimeot was one uf the witnesses examined—the medical witness. We are not acquainted in detail wiiih the evidence given at the in- quest but we understand that the verdict returned was—that the deceased, Denis Couohlan, came by his death from a rupture of the heart As we are informed, it was not said by what caused. As we have only learned, as we said above, the main features of this appalling case, we shall not venture on any com- ment at present. If the facts are as we have stated, nothing but an immediate investigation t tit satisfy the euds of j«.6tite.

LEIPSIC FAIR.—The siate of the manufacturing markets on Ihe Continent appears to be very favourable just now. and ac. counts of the 28111 ult., from Leipsic are'perticufarly satisfactory, though we regret to observe iha* English fabrics do not cpme in for their former share of the general demind. The quatnyot Zollverein goods brought to Leipsic was exceedingly large, and there was also a very numerous attendance of buy ersfromPoland, Russia, Wallachia, Switzerland, Bavaria those of the two laiter countries being pa'iicularly active in their purchases. Both woollens and cottons are in request, but the former attracted most attention. 10 leather a good trade was done and furs, Iroih American, imported through England, and those from RnOs:M. were going off very fairly* LARGE DORSET AND SOMERSET SHEEP FAIR.—Appleshaw, Oct. 7.—This was the first day of the great annual show of ewes in lamb, principally from the above named pououe-. Many graziers and dealeis were there. About 60,ut)0 had been permed by twelve o'clock, aud many more conllnually flockIng in. Many were sold even before they had time to pen them. A hrisker sale iud nOI been known lor several years. The ewes ill excellent condition the buyers were from all parls of the country, many from the I-Ie of Wight. 1'h.. Someiset or horn siveep sold from 36s. to 48*. Dorset do., 328. to 45. Souih D >wn ditto, 18.. to 38s. Mr. Joseph Simms, from Kingston, Dorset, soli 214 Dorset ewes, at 36s. each. Mr. William Dunning, Titfle Trenty, seven miles from Dorclies;er, 300 Dorset ewes, 35s. each. Mr. Neale, 250 Souih Downs 25s. pach. Mr. Pennister Settle sold 150 Somerset horn ewes at 48s. each. There were but few lambs no rams or sheep for the butchers, STEEPLE-CHASF. ExTKA0RDTNAKw—-On the morning of Tues- day last, a chase of a novel description occurred near Chelmsford between a mau named Charles Brooks, resioingin Barrack-lane and police-constable Catchpole, It appears that early on Tues- day morning, before it was light, Catchpole proceeded to Brooks' house for the purpose of apprehending him under a warrant for stealing a quaotity of potatoes and the cause of his going so early was that Brooks had set the police at defiance during the last fortnight, apparently having something within him which gave notice of the approach of thosf. (to him ) unwelcome visi- | tors, and enabled him to get out at the back as the police entered the front ot the house. Such t>eln¡:- the case, Catchpole deter- ( mined to take time by the toieiock," and go before daybreak. On arriving near the house, he saw his man run out of his own t house with nothing but his nigln dress on, into the house of a man t named County. Catchpot-went round to the b nk of the house, ] but as he went 10 Brooks ran out, just as he had risen from his bed, and proceeded ai full speed down the lane, arrossthe Lou- t don load over ihe railway, into VVnttle-paik, and fiom thence f to Mr. R. Baker's, at Wriitle, near which place the policeman I lost sight of him, being encumbered with a great coat, which pie- vented him keeping up with Brook>.—Eut-x Standard. < |

OUR LETTER BOX. RAILWAY SAFETY. To the Editor of the Monmouthshire Merlin. Goscote Works, near Walsall, Oct 6,1845. SIR,—I am g)ad to see that the Idter I addressed to you a short time since, has attracted the notice of Messrs. Cook and Wheatstone, of the Electric Telegraph Office; and that my pro- < posed plan of a telegraphic communication between the driver r and conductor of a train is likely to be brought into operation. I Idt so convinced of tne importance of tht: Idea, that I enteltaiod serious thoughts of taking out a patent myself; but as the object I had in view—its adoption for the public good —is accomplished, I am glad to see il In Ihe bands of parties likely to corry il into effect • and my reason for now addressing you, is to say, th;it if your correspondent, Ale.) Oran," wishes any communication diiect with me, you can give him my real name and address, and I shall be happy to forward the views of the parties In any way I can. I remain, Sir, your very obedient servant, 1 AMYNTOR. n )

To the Editor of the Monmouthshire Merlin, Sin,—Through your favour, I beg to thank the writer of the Monmouthshire Beacon, for the erudite, though not very scientific, i remarks, in his paper of Silturday last, relative to the bridge pro- posed 10 lie erected across the Severn al the New Passage but since his silly observations must have been the result of sheer ig- ( norance ofthings at the present day. it naturally leads me to the conclusion, that the plural unit" alluded to must hive recently emerged from some hermit's subterranean cell in the wild woods, or under the picturesque ruins or rocks of Monmou hshtre, or he 1 never would have expressed so much astonishment, either at the ( successful progress which man is now daily making over whai was, a very few years ago, termed impossibilities, or at my plain statement of facts and figures," to which he refers;* and ] which facts and ligures" he most carefully avoids touching I upon, exceptIn ridicule—the fool's argument, the poor and empty subterfuge of weak and little miod* and therefore I must leave the very learned, lilliputian public instructor," in question to freely and fully exhibit his harmless cock-a-doodle doo wit and ancient nursery bug-a boo presentiments for the edification of the disciplesof stand-still-ism, or the admirers of the "N DO-Improve. men I Society," which has the honour to claim him as a mem- bei —«ilh just observing, that all I have slaled with respecl 10 the proposed bridge across the Severn at the New P<.s-age, is incontrovertible, either as regards principles or practice, facts or figures; and until some rational attempt at refutation of what I have proposed be laid before the public, I shaii continue, in opposition to all the buckets of water" that may be thrown upon the subject from the banks of the Wye," or from any other quarter whatever, to advocate so advisable an undertaking, not only in a commercial, but in every possible point of view, as that of connecting the whole of the West of England wiih South Wales, by a magnificent and useful stone bridge at the site above referred to and that simply because I am thoroughly convinced uf Its complete and comparatively easy accomplishment;—aod moteovei, I am of opinion that it would be a physical impossi- bthty, with present human knowledge, to construct a stou». bridge at any other point on the Severe below Lidney, except at a pei- lectly ruinous expense. I am, Sir, yours most respec'fullv, S. B. ROGERS. Nantyglo, October 2nd, 1845. Memoranda relative to a Toll-free Bridge across the River Severn, between the New Passage tfoute, in Gtouceftrahire, and Black Rwfc, in Mwamcuththtft."

BULL FIGHT. TREAT FOR THE DUKE AND DUCHESS OF NEMOURS. The French Princes have been royally entertained at Pampeluna, witu bull fights, reviews, comparsas, illumi- nations, &c. On the 5th instant, they made their first appearance at a bull fi^ht. All the ladies, including the Duchess of Nemours,' wore white Mantillas; the Dukes were in plain clothes. The entertainment was performed in its most splendid manner, about ten thousand persons occupying the seats of the amphitheatre. Suddenly, military bands ceased playing the Royal march, ar d that renowned torero, Monies, followed by hi> caudrilla (company), two and two, including six picadortf. on horseback, entered the arena, and, advancing wiih dignified steps beneath the Queen's balcony or palco, grace- fully knelt and did homage to her, the picadores lowering the points of their lances at the same time. Behind then. came two iines of gaily caparisoned mules, three abreast, with yellow and red nonfalones streaming from then shoulders, dpsuned to dra:" the carcases ot the slain horses and bulls from the circus. This ceremony over, the caudrilla dispersed and awaited the entrance of the bull, three of the picadores being stationed about twenty yards behind each other, close to the barrier on the right of the hull gate. There are ten chulos (teaiers) or tereros, who are dre-sed in the ancient gala costume 01 Andalusia, con- sisting of a jacket coveted with gold and silver embroidery and spangles, tight velvet bieeches, ("ither green, crimson, or purple,) and while stockings & pumps. Their hair is tied up or clubbed with black ribands, and surmounted by a small momero or black three-cornered cap. ornamented wiih tult*. Each torero carries a cloak of pink, yellow, or blue linen, with which he excites the bull by shaking it betore him and when closely piiisued he leaps the barrier, leaving the cloak behind as a decoy, which is soon made pars minima SUI" by the enraged animal. When the trumpet sounds for banderillas, three or lour toreros have darts ornamented with strips of coloured paper given lliem Ho'ding one in each hand, the man meets the bull as it runs at him, is seen for a moment apparently between its horns, and the next instant springs lightly aside, runs off, leaving the two banderillas slicking in the animal's shoulders. The picador is a) ways on horseback; he is armed wllh a light pole, at the end of which is a spike, about an inch long. His legs particularly the right one, which is most exposed to the hull's attacks, are cased in thickly-padded buff inte- guments and gaiters of the same material, generally stained with the blood of horses killed under him. Long spurs with most imperative rowels decorate his lieeh on his head he wears a broad-bnmmed, low-crowned Panama hat and his jacket is very like the torero's. He only requires a lasso in his hand to become the personification ot a wild South American cattle hunter. Thus prepared, the picador boldly confronts the bull, and receives him on the point of his firmly levelled lance. Sometimes the horseman succeeds in fuming off his formidable assailant, but it ofiener happens that man and horse are violently overthrown. The situation of the picador then becomes very perilous, for his unwieldy padded leas render him as helpless on the ground as a turned turtle; and all he can do is to keep the body of the prostrate hotse between him and the bull, who sluts Ins rage upon the unfortunate animal until Montes comes to the rescue. The time which elapses between the entrance 01 each bull into the arena and the death blow, is a quarter ot an hour. It is said that their necks are sciritied and vitrio poured in the wounds, and powdered pepper blown into their nostrils, befote they are driven into the ring but, whatevei may be done to excite them, several refuse to attack either man or horse, until urged on by the waving of the bright coloured cloaks and Bags, and the pricks of the lances ol the picadores. A picadore does not appear to have any feeling in Ills body. He is dashed to the ground or agains' the barriers, in all sorts of break-neck and break-back fashions, and his horse rolls over him in the agonies of dsaih; and yet, when placed upon his feet,he seldom,unles* dangyiOLisly injured, shows any sign of suffering, and, doggedly remounting, bis bleeding, trembling horse, again encounters the bull. The loud blast of half-a-dozen trumpets gave the entrance of the nrst bull, and one of the Queen's Chamberlains threw down the key of the animal's cell, covered wiih ribands, into the ring. The bulls performed their parts to the great satisfaction of the amateurs, not one of ihem re- quiring to be urged by the application of that ultima ratio the bandenllos de fuego or 6ery darls. About a dozen noises were slain, and six bulls, of which three fell by the hand of the veteran Monies himself, who fully maintained his ancient reputation. It was curious to observe him chuckle with a consciousness of his power, when, after ex- citing the rush of the bull, he vaulted, with more than youthful agility, over the enraged animal's head. One o' the picadores was severely bruised, but was aule to limp out 01 the citcus. The sixth and last bull was encountered by ten millers, prmed with short pointed spears. The animal had his horns embollados, or tipped with leather balls. Neverthelass, he soon put two of the combatants hors de combat indeed, one ot them lay in the centre of the amphnheatie as if dead hut the millers at last, closing round the pcor brute, pinned him against the baTTIer by main force; and, after some minutes of dreadful torture, he fell exhausted to the ground. This exhibition was much more atrocious than the preceding ones in which Mootes figuied.

OUVIillS. THE LADDER OF LIFE.—Hope is the ladder we climb- Disappointment the hand that shakes us down—Scorn the foot that tramples on our fate.—Lucon Rcdivivus. When Sibihorp hea-d that M'Dougal, late of the Andover Union, had been sergeant of the Guards, and a Waterloo man. re remarked that he shold h*ve thought he had been more engaged in the wars of Bdny-part. AN IFTDTFEASIBLE TITLE.—A witness examined before the commltlpe on the New Zealand question, slated inci- dentally that he knew a Chief, in New Zealand, who main- tained that he had a great title to his land, inasmuch as he had eaten ihe former owner. A POWERFUL PREACHER.—"Ah, sir! exclaimed the elder, in a tone of pathetic recollection, "our late miFiistei was the man! He was a powerful preacher; for, in the short time that he delivered the Word amongst lis, lie knocked three pulpits to pieces, and banged tile life out o' five bibles! The motive of Mr. Sergeant Murphy in resigning his seat for the beautiful city of Cork originates, as is well known, in no particular disgust for the House of Common". It is not that he loves politics Ipss, but his pocket mure, that he has thrown up his seat. Making speeches in Par- liament is ragged work, compared with aCIIlIg as counsel for railways, in committees; and the tempting fees given in return for legal labour, tell tremendously on the right side of a ballker's book, in the course of a session. ,) TlIUE GREATNESS.—Near to this (Salisbury) is some o' the properly of the Fox family, now Lady Holland's. A man told me that his father had been huntsman to Lord Holland I asked him if he remembered Charles James Fox ? He thought he had heard of him. But the great man of the family was Henry Fox: he was the one to go in at the hounds! — One who has U histled at the Plough, RATHER CAUTIOUS.—An old gentleman of Penobscot, who is very careful about his health, generally makes a point of ainng his umbrella before using it. A; Sewell's livery stables, Strand, is a monster horse; he is twenty-one hands high, and of symmetrical propotHons colour, glossy black; he was recently purchased in North- amptonshire, by Mr. Carter, the lion king, and in a few days will be exported to America, for Mr. Van Amburgh. So anxious is Mr. Carter to procure a "pair" that he would give a thousand guineas for this horse's fellow. GbRMAN CHARGES.—The Times correspondent, and five other gentlemen of the press, who attended her Majesty's movements on the Continent, wereeharged .Cl.4s.each for breakfast, on board the Prince of Prussia steamer. Coffee was set down at 10s. 6d., a mutton chop at 8s., and eggs ai 2s., each individual. The impertinence of the saucy young Joinville, in smoking his cigar in the presence of her Majesty, at Eu, is not forgotten. Even the Coburgs laid aside their pipes on the arrival of Victoria at Saxe-Gotha, in order to give her Majes'y as sweet a reception as possible. Yet French politeness did not dictate the propriety of dispensing win the fumes so hateful to female olfactories. "Pom, why am de sun like a loai of bread ?" "'C-nise he am round, eh, Cuff?" "No; yougubitup?" "Yes, I ain't done nuflin else." Well den, 'cause it rises in the yeast (east). The term Chiaro-oscura literally signifies the light and dark of a picture. 11 comprehends all that retatestottgh) and shadow, by which objects are made to appear round and in relief; and by gradations of tints, to give the appear, diice of distance, and those pleasing effects due to the influence of the atmosphere. MAXIMS OF BISHOP MIDDLETON.— Maintain dignity without the appearance of pride. Persevere against dis- couragements. Keep your temper. Be punctual ai d methodical in business, and never procrastinate Preserve self-possession, and do not be talked out ot conviction Never be in a hurry. Rise early, and be an economist o! Never be in a hurry. Rise early, and be an economist o! time. Practise strict temperance. Manner is something with every body, and everything with some. Be guarded in discouf-e, attentive and slow to speak. Never acquiesce in immoral or pernicious opinions. Be not forward to assign reasons to those who have no right to ask. Think nothing in conduct unimportant and indifferent. In all yoar trans- actions remember the final account. PERILS OF LONDON STUDENTS —What temp&tions to then, now for the first time, and 10 what diminution of comfort., ihey are at the same time exposed All ttieir firmness and resolution are necessaiy to avoid falling in the numerou. plllalls wllh which the metropolis abounds. In Ihe lonell. ness of its bustle, without one lamilar face around, the inex- perienced are too apt to make fiiends ol the first who evtoct a IlItle ordinary civility, and are thus at the mercy of de signing persons manyot whom belong, with shame be II admitted, to our own class—men whosedays and nights an spent in ihe lowest, the most degrading debaucheries. How many there are of this class who haunt the neighbour hood of medical schools, seeking to draw the unwar> student fiom his studies! Ot such men we saybewate! avoid the vicinity of their haun s—billwud-iooms and not. houses. Lastly, be not over anxious to form acquaintances" but rather wait till alter personal observation with carefu wisdom, companions may be selected, and friends found who will so remain through life, and be a source of pleasan reflections, years after the scenes enjoyed together have passed way,—Medical Timet,

MEETING OF CROWNED HEADS BELOW. T SHALL CROMWELL HAVE A STATUE. Intelligence havint; reached this side the Styx that it is pro- posed to etect a sta'ue to Oliver Cromwell, a meeting of Kings was held the other morning in Hades to protest against it. Henry the Eighth was unanimously called to the caalf. I he 1 hird George moved that Napoleon Buonaparte leave the roum. This proposirion was seconded by Loais the Eighteenth. Napoleon—I understood this was to be a meeting of crowned heads. The Third George—True true- but you are not a regular Kins—not a regular King. Napoleon (much exeit"d )-1 was for some rears near enough England to have heard of a reenlar du-tman, but I confess that I never heard or read of a reo-ular King befoie. (Lcud cries of Order.' and "turn him o°t ) Louis the S,v,een h-vv i,ere's mv head, you- JNdpoteoa—1 have notf ing TO do witu your heads, no more than O'Connell's tail. 1 consider 1 have as much right here as many now present. Georae the Fourth-Lea«e the room, sir. or I he I hird Oenri^e—J„. t him stay, George let him stay if he will promise to take no put in the proceedings. (Cries of No, 110, aod i es, yes.") Richard the Thilrl-Uff with his bead-CLoud cries of "Hear, herV"tr0m L'r^es ,he ri.stand Louis the Sixteenth ) The Fourth William (smiliuZ)—Don't y^u wish you may get 11, Dick. 5/ i Gtorge the Third (aside,) —Not in Bosworth now, not in Bos- wOlth. William the Third.J suppuse he comes here to support the usurper Cromwell. Gedrlte the Third—No doubt. Birds of a feather, birds of a feather. Kichard the Third-By St. Paul, "my blood grows clilly, and I freeze with horror" at the very thought of such a monster having a niche with 'Heaven's annointed! Henry ihe Eighth Most audacious villain I Richard the Second—A WatTjler Charleo the Fir'sT—It Rives me m6re pleasure than T can ex- press most dread shades, that you to nobly vindicate the sacrednessof my lead. Louis the Sixteemh-As heads have been alluded to, I tender my gratitude. George the Third-No, no, sir, we have no stomach for a chop at the King's head. If Pitt had not been transftmed to uies/iades, beT, "ould have seuled the question of a statue to Lromwell. Kings were Kings in those days yes, yes, hedged by a div.nity," i.edged by a divinity." George the Fourth (aside)—But not even then" hedged" against duns. The following resolution was then moved by Richard the Third seconded by Charles the Second, and carried unanimously :— "Resolved-That to place a stntue to Ctomwell by the sideof the legitimates, would be a direct insult to the ghosts of Kings who stiuggled so hard to maintain the divine right of monaichs." Moved by William the Thi d. arid seconded by John: — #t Resolved—I Is at the shudrs of the mighty ones" view with alarm the cool nianner in which the people of the present day compel a King to vacate his throne, and they ffe) indignant tha: the monarchs cf Europe should have remained passive, and content to be mete i' cyphers in the great account," while their subjects have even dare to praise what they wickedly and blus. phemously style a glorious three days." Henry the Eighth having left the chair, it was taken by George the Fourth, who moved the thanks of the meeting to the chair- man; Henry returned thanks. He felt proud of the honour con- ferred on him, t) e more so as it was proposed by the "first gen- tleman" in the realms below-but bv no means the last! The shades then glided away, and Hades resumed its accustomed quiet.

A FAT PIG.—A pig of tne pu.e breed, from the stock of J. B. R. Cooper, Esq., the high sheriff, hss been reared and fat- ien«*d by Mi. Smith, of Huntingdon Couory Gaol, which wai lately slaughtered six months' old, weighing 9st. 10 lbs., and measuring from the head to the tail only one yaid and two indies. The head was ihiity-one inches round, and eight inches long the body ihuty-eight inches round, and the ears three and Ii half inches long. RAILWAY PHOJECTS.—All railway projects come under the cognizance of an act of Parliament which came into operation in November last, for the tegulation of Joint Stock Companies. The Board of Trade has ihe dueetion of the regisl ralion, and certain fees are demanded. A fee of £5. is paid for a pro- visional registra'ion," anil considering the many piojec's which have been commenced, a considerable sum must have been al. ready paid. S ime very searching returns connected with joint- stck companies are required 10 be presented to parliament* By another act which took t-fteet at the same time, a speedy remedy .s provided against such companies, Bnd individuals are liable where proceedings against a company are futile. Among the provisions of the first act there is a penalty of £10. fixed against persons who advertise the ndme of an eminent or opulent indi- vidual as connected wi h an undenaking, when his sanction has not been obtained. The acts are respectively the 7tb and 8th Victoria, chap. 110 and Ill. AN UNCOMFORTABLE POSITION.—A young man named Porter, who lesides within a mile of Reeth, in Sweledale, was out the other day with his dog, for the purpose of hunting rabbits, The dog having run Iwo rdbblls inta a hole, and jU11 gOI holli of one when the stones gave way aod closed him io so fast th^t he could not siir i>i& head or arms or bi>dy—only his legs were un- coveied. In this extraordinary position be was discoveied, alter being buried tor ninety hours. He was taker: home io a wretched condition, but Mill retaining his consciousness, and is now g'a- dually recovering. His discovery was <|uite accidental, although the whole neighbourhood turned out to find him.—Lancaster ..Guaxdiaiu, TUB itton TRADE.— Dudley* Saturday.—The last of I he quar. leily meetings of ironmasters of this district was held in Dudley to-ilay, whi-n the prices de'ermined upon at Birmingham, on I hurtday, were fully coofirmed. Some of the masters were io- clined to make a funher adduce, but the more prudent resolved to abide by the present rate of prices. It appeared, however, 10 be a general opinion that if a furtbei advance look place. mioeis and ironmeo would require' a corresponding advance of wages, and, taking all matters intoconstdfratton. 1 hat such a proceeding would be decidedly injurious to the home trade dependent upon the iron raanutacture The following may he quoted as the prices now fixed —Bars, £10.; sheets, £11. 10s.; hoops, £10. 10s.. at the works, being 40s. higher IlIan those established at the last quaiter day, and 20,. higher than tho-e fixed at Wolverhampton, a fortnight ago. OSWESTRY,—THE POTATO Cltop:-lr now becomes apparent there that there will be a great deficiency in the yield of Ihi. IIseful esculent in many parrot this district. The prevailing disease has fouud its way to this neighbourhood.— Carnirvon Herald. 1 Ii E Bisnop OF EXEIER ON RAILWAYS—( From the Western ^itminary.) — correspondent has favoured us wuh a copy of a leiter, wnieh has been s^nt by tne Lord bishop of this diocese t:1 those clergymen with cure of souls whose names appear in the iisis of provisional committees of lailioad companks:- I, Bisliopstowe, Oct. t, 1845. Dear Sir,— Without the slightest intention of ascribing any improper purpose to you, I scruple not to cull your attention to I and t Victoria, c. 105, ,5.29, 30. I think that the word • dealing for gain or profit,' in the -»th section, taken in conjunction with the exemption in favour oi benefit societies, and fire or lite assurance companies in the JOrh section, may beheld to bring railroad companies within Ihe provision of the statute, and therefore that the being members of provisional committees m.gbt possibly expose clergymen to the penally of the statute. I am, dear Sir, yours sinceiely. H. EXETER." On Monday last, his Grace the D«rke of Wellington was pro- ceeding to Rye, to visit '.he harbour and (ortificauons. He hat occasion 10 wan a few minutes a' l)yi"Cl|urch to change horses, when an elderly gentleman accosted him, declaring that it had ever been the height of his ambition to shake hands with so il lustrious a man. His grace, in the most kind and condescending maonei, offered him his hand, and eotfred lamlharly lulo Con- versation with his new acqua ntaoce. who, wlieo ihey parted, de- clared himselteased of a great burthen, and should die contented now that he had seen and conversed with the Duke of Welling- 'on. Kentish Observer, A CURIOSITY.—An ordina y earthenware dish, purchased at the Cambrian pottery in this town, about 16 months ago, hy Williams, a tailor, re..idicCt in Goal-street, has excited a consl- derable portion of curiosity in the minds of some of our towns- people. It appears that a short time since, a great number of very small crysulised subs anres, having the appearance of flowers, or miniature mushrooms, were observed to prow out of the dish, breaking ihiough the hard glaxed surface. One ortwo of these grew to the extent of an inch, but were accidentally broken. Others are now budding forih, covering nearly the whole sutface of the dish. The taste is very similar 10 thai of common sail. The oldest and most txpeiienced individuals engaged in lhe manuf8clure of earthenware ID Ihl8 town do not remember witnessing such appearances on any previous occasion. A potter, who keeps the Compass public-bouse in High-street, pur- chased the article from the original owner for £1. 5s. and has issued bills announcing it for exhibition. The geneial impres- sion in the upper region of our town, is, thai it is a bewitched d'sh but we opine that chemis's, upon analysation, would be able to account for these curious appearances, t.y the accidental presence of sonie chemical ingredient not usually found in the m a lella Is from which suih articles are maoulactuied—Camorian. PROJECTED LINES.—The following is a summary of the number ot new schemes before the public, and amount required for deposits. It will he observed that already there is more than one scheme, and neadya million a day tor the en He year, exclusive of foreign projects :—New rail «,ay schemes for the session 1846, to the 71h of October. 1845. United King dom, 399 s hciirj; amouot uf deposllS £ 28,994,074, amount of r«P't*l i3.!9 290 000. Foreign schemes 7u "mount of capital £ 197 280.01/0 amount ot deposits £ 17,680,750. ROMAN CATHOLIC STATISTICS.—Duiwg the last six years titty-four new Roman Catholic Churches have been e.ecied in England. Many of them, especially those in London, Liverpool Birmingham, Manchestei, Derby, Nottingham, M-cdesfield) and Coventry, are on th* largest scale of parochial building jD this country. Seven re Igious houses have been erected nine- teen new communities of nuns, aod nine houses of religious meo and nearly two million volumes of Catholic publications have been printed in the same period. It is undersmod thai her Majesty "ill pay her long expected visit to the Marquess of Salisbury, at H-* field H..use, about ihe 1 bb or 12th of the ensuing monlh. Preparations foi the visit have been making on a maun ficent scale dunngjhe last lew months. ThirlY or forty German, Italian, and French artists have been engaged m embellishing the principal apartments In the ancient and noble m msion of Hatfield. Thor Roval Highnesses -he Duke and Duchess of Cambridge arrived at Berlin on the 5'h msUot. Thev proceeded immedi- ately to the Palace of Sacs Souci, where they were to pass several days. AUTUMN- We are now in the, autumn of the year—the season of golden hues and lading verdure.—Nature's chill breath is iuipe ceptibly passing over leaf, plant ana flower, and imparting to them all the tincture ot approaching decay -The green caroet of creatior is being superseded by one ot yellow or more moUev colour, and all around and about us tells of the perishable nature oV things. It is a season pregnant with reflection for it admonishes that, decay is an inherent principle of S It WdV those of us Who have not yet entered «fhe sear and yellow leaf of life' to prepare ourselves tor that period —to h «/«nd our r sources for it as the farmer does bis harvest gatheiino that we may look back on life's summer with a quiet O iiieu ip, ch a3 an autumnal evening s sun imparts to UriWo* w'io have aircady past the EuSicon nt-l-li^i lfil it tells that the advent oi life's winter is fast ot middle li an iuJex to some particular passage of a approaching h termjnation of life's journey—to death nn W^'LCave Autumn is a chaste and gentle season f-it ana to tne y frigidity of winter about it—it has not the ?9 nf 'nf .Mini nor the fire and passion of summer. Like coquetry of P -brings a soothng balm to the mind, without true friendship, ito ^*1 pa £ ion3- Itg win(h ar'e mild as 1 a'mccher# voice—its suns shine qji the worid calmly as ft father a mc. en ..Jf¡:n I imilcD ou ftuoily*

THE LATE DISASTER IN ALGERIA. The government has received a report from General de Bour- jolly, addressed to the Governor-General of Algeria, ad interim, [ of the affair with the Arabs, in which Colonel Berthier was killed, and Commandant Clerc wounded. It differs in no ma- terial point from the accounts which we have aheady published. General de Bourjolly states that the loss of the enemy, judging from the nu'nber of slaio left on the field of battle, was enor- mous. and that the loss on the side of the French was 27 killed, and 79 wounded. A report has also been sent by General Ca vdign^c, of the attack made by about 20U Arabs, on a position which coveied his camp. The enemy, he says, walrompelled to retire wi hout effecting his object. Chef de. bataillon Periaguay, whose death we have announced, was killed whilst charging at 'he head of his mro the French had only two killed and six wounded. Thii was on the 23 dull. In another report from General Cdvaignac, dated 'he 24'h, he gives an account of an attack made upon the enemy on that day, near Bllb Me»mar, in which the position of the Arabs was carried with a loss on the s'deofthe French of three killed, and forty-seven wounded. The Arabs are stated to have fought with fury and desperation. A despatch from Genera I de Larnnrtcieetothe Minister of War, dated from the roadstead of Tenez, 29 h ult., mentions the sad affair of Djema Ghazaouat, and aD nffair of slight importance which took place between Colonel de Saint Arnaud with 4 000 infantry, near the river Djedema, and an Arab force of 1.500 In, fantry and 2,000 cavalry. The Gnvernor-Generat states that the Arnbs e<tirrihie their loss in the affair with General de Bour. jolly at 600 killed and wounded. General de L^moriciere ea. peered to be at IVIostaganem on the night of the 29th. He gives an acount of his arrangements for pursuing and chastising the enemy. The general encloses a repou of the affair of Djema Ghazaout, from chef d'escadron de Martimprey. The column of Montagnec was composed, according to the official account, of 346 men of the 9th baitalion d'Orleans and 9 otncets, 62 men of the 2nd hussars, aod three officers, 1 interpreter, lod two men of the waggon-train, in all 423. The details of the struggle of this brave band confirm the accounts given by Ihe AlgIers journals. Colonel de Montagnac, although moitally wounded, tormed his men into a square, and expired almost immediately afterwards. For nearly an hour, says the report. tbls square contended against the impetuous and repeated charges of the whole of the cavalry of Ab del-Kader, nearly 3,000 in number, aod commanded by himself io person. The ammunition of the French troops exhausted, the Arabs closed npoo them, and ihey fell under the fire of the enemy like a wall. The report confirms the statement or A bd el. Cader having sent several letters to Captain Geraud who commanded the eighty Fiench in the Maraboui, urgiog him to surrender, and representing to him that resistance wts useless, as he could not escape from his army, or the 5 000 to 6,000 Ka- byles who hemmed him in. When Captain Geraud made his some he had still eighty men alive, but seven of them were wounded. They had arrived within a league of Djema Gh-za- ouat. having with the greatest courage fought their way through the blockading column, and provided themselves wiih sufficient bill* by cutting what remained into four pieces. Only twelve of this heroic force reached Djema Ghazaouat, under the protection of the force which had been sent out to 'heir rescue. 1 he officers killed in the first engaeement were—Colonel de Montagnac, Chef d'escadron Cognoid of the hussars. Chef de bctaillon Fro. meol Cosce, Captain Gennl S-unt Atphonse, Lieutenant Klein, Capta-ns Dutenre, Charge, and Burgard; Lieutenants Ray. mond and Larraze. and A'fj'itaot I horn's and, in the retreat, Captain de Geraud, Lieut. Chappedelaine, Dr. Rozaugetii, and M. Levi, the interpreter. The number of men who returned to Djema was, as already slated, only fourteen-vlz.. a hussar, and a carabineer, who marfe their escape from the scene of carnage before the affair of Maraboul, and the twelve men who were saved from the second massacre. The force who rescued them also brought off elgbt of the slain.

SPAIN. Our accounts from Madrid of the 30th ult., state that the capital was unusually quiet, and that, with the exception of irioistenal changes, which have been so often tepeattd that no one now believes them, there was no political news stirring. The conduct of General Breton. as Captain General 01 Ca- taloola. creates the utmost disgust, even among the pariizans of the government itself, The Globo, a Moderado paper, gives several specimens of the stringent sys'en^which be has chosen to adopt. Thirteen persons arrested on suspicion of gambling, which is prohibited, were in the first place thrown into prison, then transported to Tolosa, and afterwards sent to different vil- lages in the mountains, where they are kept under the surveil- lance of the military. The alcalde of a village, not having understood, or, moie probably, not having chosen to execute the orders given to him, General Breton took the matter ioto his own bands, and administered personal chastisemeot 00 the UD- fortunate alcalde, striking and kit king him most lustily. This violence, which is not eonfined to a few acts, has produced squab- bles between the general and the other provincial fuoctionarias. A letter which he wrote to ihe poli ical chid of Barcelona was so intuiting that Doo Fransisco de Exciso has sent in his resig- nation, and some of the other functionaries will probably fol- low his example. The government will probably be forced to remove Genetal Bieton. A letter fiom Malaga states that the two sergeants who had been sentenced to death by the court-martial, were shot on the 29th ult. Two priests were sent to offer them the consolations 01 religioo, and on their beseeching the prisoners to forgive all men, one of them refused positively to do so, declaring that he could never forgive a man who b.ca come 10 them ia prim, ami offered them their lives if ihey consented to denounce as accom- plices various persons whom he named. 10 consequence out of the prisoners had denounced a number of persons whose names he mentioned. The priests persevered, and at last the prisoner paidooed every one. This declaration of the prisoners was the subject of general conversation at Malaga, and Wil spoken of with indignation

MOROCCO. PROBABLE DECLARATION OF WAR BY FRANCE.—The sud- den re-appearance of Abd-el-Kader in the neighbouibood of Tlemçen, and his equally sudden surprise and destruction of Colonel Montagnac and his 450 troops, has induced the French government to relolve upon measures to arrest the further pro- gre>sof so active aneoemy. The Council have met, and ordered the departure of a cootidersble armament to the province of Oran, in Algeria. Judging from the tone of the Journal des Debats, we would infer that the French government have de- termined on the pursuit of Abd-el-K«der at hazards to their eo- teipnse, and to the disregard of the Morocco territory.

DEATH OF SIR CHARLES ROWLEY.—We regret to announce the death of Sir Charles Rowley, Bart., G.C.B admiral of the white, wbirh took place 00 Saiurday last, at his residence at Brighton. Sir Charles Rowley bad virtually given up the com- mand at Portsmouth, eaily in September, but did not strike his flog until the 30 h of the month. He was in perfect health on assuming the duty on the 1st of January, 1843; but while in attendance on her Majesty, with a squadron of ships of the line, 00 her first visit to Fiance, the gallant admiral exposed himself to cold and night air, in his anxiety about ttie ships, while they were off I he coast of France, and he never afterwards recovered the illness which ocuired. The marriage of Earl Howe, with the Hon. Anne Gore, se- cond daughter of the late Admiral Sir John Gore and Lady Gore, and Maid of H. jour to the Q ieen Dowager, was solemnized on Thursday, at Wiiley-coun, in the presence of Queen Adelaide, the Duchell5 Ida, and the Prioceases Anne and Amelia uf Saxe Wanriar, and a select circle of the friends of both families. At the conclusion of the ceremony, the Queen Dowager advanced a few paces and embraced the brida in the most affectionate mao- ner. Her Majesty also shook hands very warmly with Earl Howe. At one o'clock the happy pair left Willey, tor the DrOit- witch atation, en route for Gopsall. Earl Howe's seat, in Leices- tershire, which they reached about II. o'clock in the evening. M. Thiers, the ex-Minister ef France, has taken apart- ments at Miiart's Hotel, London.

MANSION-HOUSE, LONDON. A WITNESS TO CHARACTER. The following curious case occuired before the Lord Mayor on Friday last:— On Tuesday a lad, named William Young, was brought up, charged with having stolen a pair ot shoes. The prosecutor, a shoemaker, staled that the prisoner walked into hissrnp. looked at a pair of shoes, and suddenly disap- peared. The shoes disappeared at the same time. I he prisoner said his character was without blemish, and nothing could exceed the soundness of his integrity, as his em. pl iyer could testify. The Loid Mayor: Very wall; we shall send for your em- ployer, and make further inquiries about you. A policeman, who subsequently made enquiries about the prisonei. said the YOllng man was in ihe hab-t of associating with thieves, and had been in custody on pievious occasions for rubb'iiK. The Lord Mavor Let his employer stand forward. Here a very odd-looking peison, who said his name was John Brightwell, appeared in the witness-box The Lord Mayor: Pray wlatson of chuacteris the prisoner? Brichtwell: Character! why he is in my service, aod he is a good character enough. Tbe Loid Mayor Do vou mean to say that you never knew him to be imprisoned for robbery ? Brightwell: I believe he might have been charged. The Lord Mayor: Don't you know that he was ? Brightwell: Why, yes he was in trouble, i believe. That is I think he was locked up for a while. The Lord Mayol And how can you say that he is a proper ° B^htwell: I am willing to take him back, if your lordship will discharge him. The Loid Mayor: There is quit- enough against him to justify me in committing him as a rogue and vagabond and I shall do so What do you think of a little corection ? Brightwell: 1 believe a little confinement w II do him good my Inrd. It will be a lessoo to him how he meddles wiih other people's property in funire. Tne Ptisoner: Vh, do you say so. old fellow? Well, I'm blest, if that an't a good un. Now. won t I open upon you. Please you, my lord, 1 confess 1 stole the shoes, and this old thief knowed it, and took them to the shop of a woman of the name 01 Sharpe, and tned to sell them to her. What do you think now, old fellow ? The Lord Mayor: What do you say to that, witness? Brightwell looked qui'e blank upon hearing the accusation; but declared most solemnly that he had himself never done any- thing dishonest, however it might appear. Subsequently Mrs. Sha;pe appeared and stated that the man had ce.t.inty offeied a pair of shoes for sa e, but. as she did not want them. she lefused to make the purchase. She, however, lent him Is. 8d. upon them, and he atterwards released them. The prosecutor said tbeie was a singular circumstance con- nected w iih tne robnery. Tbe very 8ho«s which were stolen had been made by the man. and been actually brought home by the boy who had just acknowledged that he had stolen them. The Prisoner: Yes he kDOW d his own work. The Lord Mayor: Why, you must just step from the witness bof to the bar.. t f /T The Boy Ay. this is just the place for him. (Laughter ) The prisoners were then remanded, and the Lord Mayor di- rected the police to make further inquiry. Upon being brought up again lor examination, the boy and his master were placed at the bar together, and the inquiry was regularly gone into. There was, however, nothing further stated m confirmation of the charge as to the connivance, but it was distinctly proved that the boy was what the police call a bad un." The Lord Mayor then committed the boy for three months as a rogue and vagabond, and discharged the man, regretting that <uch testimony as would have legally proved his guilt, the moral evidence of which nobody could doubt, could not be brought forward. His lordship then sharply reproved Brightwell, who declared, upon leaving the bar, that thf lei MB b. had received already mid, hUB a battw maa.

Corn Trade. The very wet, unfavourable weather experienced during the week, has done so much injury to that portion of the crops still abroad in ihe northern counties, as to render it nest to impos- sible for the grain to be secured ia aoy other than the worat con- dition, however auspicious the weather may hereafter become. When rain occurs early in the aea on, its effects may frequently be almost wholly remedied but the year is now too far advanced to admit us to hope that the mischief dooe in the present case can be repaired the shortness of the days, the diminished power of the sun, and the heavy night dews, all tend to prevent that which has been thoroughly saturated with wet being easily dried. except by artificial means; the corn which has been exposed io the fie'ds to the frequent heavy showers of the past fortnight (And the quantity it, we are sorry to learn, consideiable), must there- fore inevitably be carted in a damp state. Ia some localities, where there have beeo heavy floods, a portion will be entirely lost, and ibai part saved can scarcely be expected to be in fitordei for thrashing for months to come so far, therefore, frnm any improvement having taken place in our prospects, there is reaaoa to fear that the result of the harvest—taking the kingdom collec- tively-will prove even more unfavourable than was before ap- prehen-ted and there can be no locger any doubt that fine old wheat will become more valuable in proportion as it is found to be itquired for mixing with the damp inferior qualities of new. That the quantity left over of last year's crop is trifling, is gene* rally admitted whilst it is an undoubted fact, that of free foreign very little remains in the country. It is iruethat we have about half a million of quarters of wheat in bond in the kingdom, and it is possible that somewhat about 100,000 quartets may arrive before winter puts a stop to shipments from the Bailie; but even were 'be whole of this quantity immediately released, we doubt whether it would have any material influence on prices. In the present position of affairs, it is not likely, however, that impar. i ters will en>er for home consumption, aa, by leaviag their pro- perty under lock, they will be in a position to take advantage of he fall which mnat. later in the year, occur in the duty. r t The trade in wheat has, since our last, been active and not only has the previously established advance been maintained, but a further rise in prices has taken place at many of the priD- I cipal markets. Notwithstanding the inducement held out by the present remunerating rates, farmers bave manifested very little anxiety to part with their wheat, aDd the deliveries have rather fallen off than increased; buyers have, on tbe other hand, deemed it prudent to make further addition to their stocks, and, at pre- sent, we can discover no symptoms of a re-action. Oor advices from Scotland speak very despondingly of the weather, and the progress made with harveat operations in that country. Even in the neighbourhood of Edinburgh much of tbe corn is still, we are informed, in the fields; and, in the back- ward localities, immense injury has, it is feared, been done by tbe heavy and constant rain as, bovMrer, the prospects io re- spect to quantity were previously »ery^)od, it was still boped Ihat-thougb tbe quality would be inferior—about an average produce would be secured. These remarks apply more particu. lurly to oats, the staple crop of the country wheat appears tbere as with us, to have suffered from the want of warmth and excess of moisture during the summer months, and ia therefore expected to be short in yield. There was considerable excitement in the grain tiade at Edinburgh on Wednesday. Wheat wal quoled 2s. per qr., barley Is. to Is. 6d.. aDd oats Is. to 2s. perqr. higher, with an active demand for each. At Glasgow. business was also lively 00 the day named, and the rise in prices was quite as great at ihe last as at the first mentioned town. Ireland appears to have beeD visited with similar weather to that experienced on ihis side of the Chanoel; and a good deal of injury is said to have been done in the later districts, not only to the corn remaining abroad, but also to the potatoes. Tbeae reports, and tbe rise in the English markets, btd caused holders of grain to demand higher teims; and. at the principal marketa, the value of wheat aud oats bad tended upwards. A lively inquiry for bonded wheat hss prevailed throughout the week; and, bad importers been disposed to have accepted former terms, extensive transactions would piobably have beea entered into. The very high rales asked have, to a certain eIe. giee, checked business; atit! some rather Urge sales were coo. eluded on Friday for good to fine high-mixed. Dsntzig wheat at 53s. to 56s. per qr., and for a lot of old red Kontgsberg, 52s. 61, per qr. was paid. There was very little Lower Baltic red wbeat offering as low as 50s., and for fine heavy Rostock, sellers de- clined accepting less tb 1 D 52, making th. lise from Monday fullv 2s. per qr. The arrivals of barley have as yet but slightly increased, aod, as the time 111 now drawing near when the mallatera usually com- mence purchasing. holders of the little here bave muif.ted. disposition to insist on enhanced prices. Fine qualities were cert linly tbe turn higher at the close of the week, and even old foreign samples were held for more money. Barley is at preseot relatively cheaper than most other kinds of grain, and it is there- fore reasonable to cslculate 00 some advance in its value. Thescdrtity of fine old malt has caused the belter kinds to be sought after, and a further small improvement on Monday's quotations has, in partial instances, been established. The total supply of cats has amounted to only 7,243 quarteR during the ^e»k of which, 1,306 qrs. have been received fiom our own coast, 670 qrs. from Scotland, and 5 267 qrl. from Ire. land; From abroad tbere have beeo no arrivals. Though that portion of the oat crop which was secured early, yielded well to the acre, and proves of good quality, so large a proportion of the harveat is yet abroad in Ireland aod Scotland that it has become doubtful whether the total quantity willeaM up to tbe estimates iormed of the yield -r •» ibm yaw. and tbe disease by wbtetl the potatoes lialft o*wrywkfeiv &Ma attacked—a circumstaoce which must caose a greetfy-iaereeaed consumption of oaimeal—may account for the fires too* which holders of oats have this week sssumed. Oa Wednesday, few factors were willing to sell at former prices, and on Friday ao advance of 6J. to is. per qr. was established without difficulty, not only on home-grown, bu* likewise on free foreign oats. 10 the early part of the week, prices of beans bad iatber a downward tendency; but the continued wet weather, and the probability of the outstanding crop being much injured thereby, gave rise to a more lively demand on Friday, when the alight I depression was completely recovered. Peas were slso much more sought after at the close than in the commencement of the week, and neither white, blue, nor mlplel could be secured 00 so easy terms on Friday al on Monday.— Mark-lane Express.

A PRECIOUS VOLUME.—A curious circumstance occurred last week at the sale 01 books of the laie Dean of Lfacota, at Sedge- brook Rectory, near Grantham. Amongst the persons attracted by the advertisement of the sale was Mr. John Deigbtoo, tbe eminent bookseller, of Cambridge. He was looking over tbe lots shortly before the auction commenced, when, on taking up a copy of Donne's "Death. Judgment, Heaven, and Hell," he thought the volume felt very ponderous; and, on examining it, he discovered that io the bookbinder's "fly-leaf," at tbe begin- ning, several coins were sewed. He called the attention of the auctioneer (Mr. Wood) totbecitcumstance; end it wallpeedlly ascertained t;.at a manuscript letter was fastened to the leal, aDd that seven guineas and two bslf-guineas, of the reijCo of Charles II., were strongly sewed within it, tikeao many buttons. The coios were bright and fresh and, though many of tbe books in the library wete sadly damsged by damp and neglect, thit volume and its contents had escaped injury from the lapse of 160 years. The letter had bo signature, but from its stylo seemed to be tbe writing of a father to his son at one of the universities. The lot, made interesting by this circumstance, waa withdrawn from the auction.— Stamford Mercury. ( THE ECLAIR —It is with feelings of great regret that we an. nounce the death of Mr. Sidney Bernard, the assistant-surgeon, who volunteered his services on boa id the Eclair steam sloop at Madeira, and up to the 6th, with Mr. Charlea Coffey, tbe as. sistant-surgeon of the Growler, was in unceasing attendance on tbe unfortuoate suffeiers of tbts ill-fated vessel. Mr. Bernard died on board the Eclair, at Standgaie Creek, on Thursday morning at half put six, after three days' illness. It would ap. pear that both that ooble philanthropist and Mr. Coffey kept up very well whilst the sick depended on them alone, and tbey bad the excitement of responsibility, and it. only when other as. sistance was at hand that they yielded to that fate to which brokeo rest, assiduous watch)ngs,and constant weariness had predisposed their human frames, in spite of their indomitable spirit. The body of Mr. Bernard was examined previously to interment, and presented the usual light yellow appearance which are remaika- ble in case* of death from the fever in the West Indiea. Four I medical officers have died on board the Eclair. Surgeons, Mr. Maconochy, of the Eclair, and Dr. M'Clure, late of the Acuson and assistant-surgeons, Mr. Haitman, of the Eclair, and Mr. Bernaid. The latter was an assistant-surgeon of 1838, aod be- longed to the Caledonia, 120, at Devonpoit. at tbe commence- ment of the year. Mr. Coffey, we are gratified to hear, is doing well, aDd Lieutenant Isaacson is progresfciog very favourably towards recoveiy. Tbe pilot who was taken on board at Ports. moulh, Mr. Saunders, who had also been attacked, is not out ot danger, but he has favourably passed tbe cnSII. Mr. Campbell, the de:k, and the two seamen are doiog well. 1 he above were removed on Wednesday irom the Eclair'to the Worcester, 60- gun frigate (not Chic-nester;, provided by the Admiralty, and every soul was to have left the steam-sloop oa 1 huraday. oa which day no addditional esses were reported. On Wednesday one of the quarantine men was reported to have caught tbe fever. The quarantine restriction*i ate now somewhat relaxed, and the surgeon, Dr. Stewart, is allowedJo go from one ship to .he other without the quarantine boat; but it is ordered thett his boat shall show the yellow flag with a black ball la the centre. It is but justice to the medical profession generally to state that many gentlemen, other than those belonging to tbe Roval Naw have volunteered their services at tbe aame time we muat state, also, that the mosi absu.d propositions have been -1, resDect to Ihe steam-sloop and the unfortunate crew to gel rid of the fever, and to cute both effectually,—Standard v Tubtici'.—The SUcle, in an article upon the partiality « .i* SiS.SHhj* ~toL.sJ! j mary justice in England is expeditious aod sure. A peison ar* rested during the oight. or the previous evening, i, oo the fol- lowing morning '*krn before the judge. Ihe court is public, and the case is consequently tried in the presence of a numerous audilorv The witnesses are heard, after which the party accused states what be may bave to say in his defence. The policemen make their charge, and the judge passes sentence. In a few minutes the affair is finished. 1 his mode of proceeding com. bioes at once sure justice with promptitude of judgment. A ma- gisirate is thusenabted to get through fiom 50 to 60 causes during the day. This system would be perfect if it had better organs; but the police magistrates, who are geneially chosen Irom among 'be most able lawyers, beloog to a class of citizens in which rsok and fortune are held in high esteem. They bave their share, and a great share of the national weakness; their equity, which does not vary in ordinary caaes, wavers, and fre- quently yie'ds, when they are called upon to try faults or es- cesses of the aristocracy. The law, as tbey administer it, U severe for the poor, and indulgent tor the rich. In imitation 01 the aristocratic society in which they live,tbey lookupoo poverty as au aggravating circumstance, and opulence as one which les- soos the odium." A LEARNEP CHURCHWARD™.—At a village in South Lincoln- shire, not mmy days ago, on the occasion of the examination of he school-children, the clergyman invited the churchwarden of the parish to put some questions to them in natural history; whereupon ihe following learned query was made—"Which o' the Kinps wor it as burnt the cakes?'' Thus propounding, if not a question in natural history, one at least for a churchwarden very natural in history -Cambridge Chronicle. It is gratifying to state that the working classes in most of the various trades of Birmingham are in full work. Many of the manufacturers are so busy that tney canoot take in more ordeta. We observe that many of the large manufactures are enlarging their premises. Hands are wasted it wry mingham 4inrtim.

LONDON MARKETS. CORN EXCHANGE, MARK LANE, MON, OCT. tI, 1843. Tery wet 10 the la,wr P*rt )*" "eat, to 3a. «n English and fofd«a mora J1* 'aat few days, and aow looks more aeOW. The supply of now wheat for this moraine's market ta rather targe, but the coddition worse, which caused ZE2SFSSFJL^LDE THE #*A*D *ITH business, but was not so active at the cloae. and the advance is <». th« P"c«a of thia day week, [oquiry fer ?nd »l,^th« the advance o?tbu article since Monday last is about 4s. perqr. Tbere are oCs>s IfriiS m>shipments from the Baltic, but at high pn«* New Holstein red wheat 50s. cost aod freight. The Sour is ver, firm, and aiilleii will not close contracts at the late prices. Quotations remain nomtiudly the sane. Slur flour Is. to 2s. per sack dearer. 3 Fir»e barley » inquired for, and is Is. per qr„ and niodou qualities Is. per qr. dearer. » White peas are 21., aDd grey peas la. dearer. Beans fully maintain late prices. The arrivals of oats are small, aad we have the traia very ftrm at an advance of fully is. per qr. on all deacriptioos. CURRENCY PER IMPERIAL MEASITRP Wh"T.Essex & Kent, new red 58 6t White 61 05 Old, red do 60 Ditto a 17 KYCfMdteaaes aa»««* ss a t • a •• 34 98 NtW « 88 BARLSY, grinding,3032malting 38 34 Chevalier"34 Insb 26 26 Be re V ZT MALT, Suffolk and Norfolk 68 63 Brown*HI.no Kwgstone and Ware 60 — Chevalier ..65 — OATS,Yorksh & Lincolnsh, feed M 25 Potato .24 26 ^oughall fit Cork, black. 21 22 Cork, white.22 — Dublin 22 23 Westport..22 23 Waterford, white 23 24 Black .21 23 Newry. 25 — Gal way 22 23 Seoteh, feed 24 16 Potato .<& Se Clonmel 34 II Limerick 21 *1 Londondeiry 25 — Sligo. 22 23 B«AHe.T|ck,new 40 44 Old, amall.0 42 pe.Gre, 46 Maple .88 40 „ White 48 60 Boilers .38 40 r LOOK, Town-made.3 66 Suffolk44 per sack of 3801 be Stockton Ac Norfolk 42 Irish ..44 45 t »r r<>RElGN GRAIN ANO FLOUR IN BOND. WHSAT, Dantac 46 — fine 48 50 Hamburg 36 38 Rostock 18 40 BARLSY 19 21 OATS, Brew 11.8 Feed.H 17 Bt:A" 28 28 PaAS 18 32 FLous. American, per barrel.. 24 — Baltic.II- SEBI) MARKET. MONDAY, OCT. 13. Red clcmneed in improved dmand. at 3a. adverse; white aDd Tiefoil firm, but not dearer. HUP INTELLIGENCE. BOROUGH, MOMMY, OCT. 13. t The markaflds very firm, with a fair business doing. The duty sa calJe £$160 000. to £ 105.000. PItOVlSIQfil MAHKET, MONOAT. OCT. 13. T « *rtr'* s ,Mt «rom Ireland were I2.S66 firkins butter and 2,603 ciles bacon, aM from foreign ports 7,945 casks butter? In the but'er market daring ihe past week, we etpnieaced but a very limit, demand, aodthe business transacted waa at a decline of about 2s. per cwtl|ai our previous rates; the market closed dull, at tbe reduction. 5 The bacon r<aket was very dull and depreased; sales beinc pressed .prices raoidly gave way prime new aiseable sold at 55s. to 56s. landed, and a sale was reported ef prime mild cured snsable at 48c., and heavy 45a., on board, for ahipment in No- vember and the five following months. Lard meets a slow sale. Stocks and deliveries for week ending f%hr U. BUTTER. ) BAOOH. 18« S) u5S7- ,°ST' 1844 23,890 16.750 f,M0 2610 1845 24,780 10,200 ijoS BUTTER, BACON, CHEESE, AND HAMS. Iaisn Burr sa (new )e a. Curat*, per cwt. a. a. per cwt. — — Double Oloedaater .1, 68 68 Carlo*, new, on brd 100 — Sinxleditto 48 52 Sligo M — Cheshire •»•••••••• 88 76 1 Cork, 1st M —f MAMS. I ENGL us Ben ait Irish 58 64 1 Dorset, per firkin • ••• 54 — I Westmoreland 66 — I FonuoM. York 66 70 Prim, Friaalaai. et. M — BAOMI, new 48 62 Ditto,Kiel M — | Middlea •*••»••••• —• SMITH FIELD MARKET-Qcr. 13. I The arrivals ef beasts fresh up thia morning were again eaten- J sive, but, generally speaking, of middling quality. For the M pnnseet Scma, tu, Uw demna* was atondy, fully last'weefc'e if] quotations: but the middling and inferior bnseda were a alow inquiry, at barely stationary price*. i — LATEST CURRENT PRICES OF METALS. „ Lonnas, OCT. ||. IFTT, IRON—Bar« Walea. London J F { Nail roda .KM" *M•••— ••••*• » • Hoops(Staf.) W J> 9 AR m Scotch pigb 5 2 « RussiancCCND. *••*••••••* T Z £ pgl ••••••M.rt.w, O 9t9 Archantal 14 10 0 Sweedish d, for arriv V.V.7.V.V.V.V.V.V.V.V. "'F O « coprsn—Tne £ 1 Best selected ai m h Ordinary sheets t o w vi Tut—Com. blocks JFE* nenoea i Jm X; Straits h 4 t*'W Banca. 4 ( i j- Tim PI. AT as Ch., IC. i .&oa 1 13 8 •••••• ••••.»••• .•••« 1 19 I Coke, IC i 8 I IX 1 H LAAD-Sheet FC 20 # Pis., lefiDecI. II' '> common ••••• 20 is Spanish, in bd IF |0 0 American 18 19 0 T SPELTalt-(Cake) i lb Is v ZINC—(Sheet) m export • 39 0 a.| Qcicuitvis ..FT, 0 4* I' REFINED METAL.taw 7 2 0 » A Discount 2* per cent. 6 Net cash. E Discount' 2J per cent, D[Ditto. < In kegs 4 and F-inch. f Discount S ? per cent. g Ditto 21 per cent, h Net cash. in bond, S Dia- count 8 per cent, k Ditto 21 per cent, I Net cash bond m Dttcount 14 per CENT, N discount II per eeM. Fer home use it is Ðj. per ton. REMARKS. Iron continues in good demand. An advance of 20A. per ton was declared yesterday on Staffordshire iron. A coBsidafnble I SI|BJSS DONE IN rails, at high prices, this week, tod vVtlib pigi are in lequest. Scotch pigs have been comparatively qaiet but there appears no disposition to give way in prioe. opper. tin, and tin plates, aie veiy firm, and in good demand. t.ead is ste-idy, with a fair business doing. Spelter dull, at quotations. PRESENT PRICE OF TIN PLATES. NEWPORT. OCT. 11. V «. a. D. £ • 4 No. IC. per box. ill 0 WASTERS* 3 0 0. IX. per box 117 0 „ 8 3 0 „ 1 No.lXX. per box 2 3 0 „ 0 3 0 «, \M — .ni t BRISTOL HAY MARKET, OCT. II M Hay per ton. 2 7 « TE *.# • Straw per Dozen O 1 2 to 0 V 4 J

THE RAILWAY KINO—If ever the axiom that "Fortune aliMpf d! greases the fat sow's ear" was ever verified, it now is iuth«*#S« »f Mr. Hudson, the Railway King." He who was a swatl draper in a provincial town of no great tmpoitance eoaaperMto ome score the country. is now, by the force of Fortune fasufpf snterprise, the master of some two millions, with a Mat asaMM ncnme. Who would not be a speculator t What man basMpe nan can do, and a rival monarch may arise to dividi no ail way realm with King Hudson. What Hudson will oadltt jeing, it is utterly impossible to fortell. We certainly a«P<gt 'hat his bonnet de nuit has all the qualities which petAMMb H the celebrated cap of Fortunatns. He ia a perfect (>yl> speculative commerce. He haa but" toeot»o,taaoe|0 iWiif Does he desire a s*at in Parliament f He is born# lata Hi senate hI the constituency of a borough to which be is a atranger by a loud acclaiming majority. Does he deaire local kw»stt Forthwith is be gazetted deputy liaateaant for n» Does be covet the possession ot a valuable estate lielaomtift* rich Duke? Tbe wearei of Die coronet piomptly, the wish of the railw«g^poteetate. and the «scal acseo'iy acres pass forthwith. A public subscription ia being raised to give him a testimonial. Where will be tne limit of bis lew V* repeat it is impossible to foresee. THROWING THB HATCHBT.—In dO the situation of public executioner to the cUar -M came vacant; aud as it was a place of conridemw* egflf there were three candidates. A day was appointed W f pwPuQ JS display of their several abilitiea. The 6wt t*8"*? knife, cleverly separated the bead of Af*ieti*W*J8Pjb < shoulders. He was out-done by the rapid dwwww* whose glittering broadsword stnick terror "Tr* °ltXT surnftuding multitude. The I* ptwifing, in his hand > short,hatchet; and wben frg.VTff with his head on the fhtalbuxsk; m *77 whisper inqand if he was* swlkteaw* — wellf On being anaweied spring on his feet and putting on a fierce look^wtfi?**™ instead of making it dese^^w^d^ struck it with flrvit fotci teiothc Uoclt! ohoutft filixifft tiou rose from t £ ccn»wd» wA at bis wonderful escape, hod of the river before any etepa were taken to fWm him. He had scarcely, however, 3°"* *?• *7 executioner, taking a steady abn tifm effect, that tbe bgr cottoned nwtagsg^ tiweAer tto bead was off 11 .L. ilia.,