Weekly Mail

WHEAT AND THE AMERICAN RAILWAY TARIFF. LETTER FROM Sl? G. BALFOUR TO MR. DANIEL OWEN. Mr. Daniel Owen, of Ash Hall, near Cow- bridge, recently forwarded (by request) a copy bis pamphlet on the qae&tion of ical- tural depression to :ir George Balfour, K C.B., M.P. Some time subsequently Me. Owen received from Sir George the subjoined letter, for the publication of which he haa since obtained the peimiaaion of the hon. baronet. It will be 8<:en Sir George asrrees with Mr. Owrn in the opinion that the Canadian and American railways have been conveying wheat at & loss—thus differing froni the Duke of Beaufort, who in a recent letter to Mr. Owen took exception to that view in the following terme :—" i believe it to be an error (said his Crace) to say that the railways" \viz., the Canadian and American) are carrying wheat at a loss, there i& nut auiBciem eompedticn to came them to do that." The following id Sir George Balfoura letter :— CatpThant Valley, Surrey, 1 tth October, lb7i). Dear Sir,— I am indeed grea-tty plaai'cd with you? neeful and well Wtitrln pamphiet. I wish it every aucocea. IquH/eagreeia;ocr view inauiH eient capital is the cause o( backward ftrm- UJIr. la it not-p.M'eible to induae lords of lands to thare in cultivat¡)n to & greater es.te<n ? They now tet lacdtotarmera i\hy nus part in Uia cuhivt.1<-n, or by LOt. tu"M a Jui.'t tbJck Com- ? Inauct!n..e¡.¡Wl to thd pneent ptodnoo ot CUT !i.nit<:d tand eh .uld bo heM OU. But no HyI:er is a. h:rm imp.cnd. bat the mor.av retire Me tax.d !n tbo !jrLj. of of scji ions to :he titbp, Mud higher :?y Icccise Tax, aeeess'mem-) oc the ;nt ajd tbn Iheee cotfrrm? inSusn'tes a<I ši xe way to the ore gr(,6t object in country, of Meeting opeciBgsformen ?;ith money I\nd man of e!:ij! takisg part m agÙon}tare. We have aaa.bua. daiico of eap!ta.l, and caany men woutd c 'atribatQ the <!iB<ia to enable oar agrioultnr'ate to exnd their operatione, and iBcreaae the produce of guin Md otttie. We can get a nnmberof experienced men who a.ro aenctent ot moBey, but wcii quliàed to be .aDIltU\ger8 cf a farm carried on with ontMide capital —the expectation at page 8, wonid then bo Kaliaed. tarmere coul.1 piant ma.ny acres with trees, bat the right thereto, at the end cf the IeMe,.pteTeBta the uaeful work. I donbt if America can aead wheat ao cheap as in the paat few years. I am trustee of an Amaticttn railway cf 5()u milea, which 8mce 1874 naa hot ]paid ita wotking expenaea. We have now the Mtiafaction of knowing that the cbar)?ea for tnma. tort: are raided, and an income iaaurpina to work- ing ohargee. 1 believe aU the railwaya in America Me ra.ieiDg rates. In thia way ectst of wheat. wiU moreaae. Yonr analyeia ot the coai: of raiaiog nheat alao ehowa that it ia not eo aa tMooonta made oat. So ae the lawa ot Hypothec in Soottand, and of diatreaa inEagIand, Me in force, -we ahtU never nnd landlofda doing M you auggeet at page 23 about the of farmera. I am glad you have given det-aita of yoor management of land, by ating Btdc, lime, &o. I had no notion ttat <!t.u ocahalt) of lime per acre could he given—a!!ont one boehel to I'M square feet. I have made the and the bushel cf 1:16 quite covera the area. B.it I knowime to be moat useful, in many forms, to land. '1 )n do not aay whether the ia your owu or hired —at page 29 you do refer to it as tuok the farm." No doubt you are aafe from compete tion aa to losing tha farm, for no landlord otJld be wke to part with one who haa got ao mooh out of the ground Certainty of tenu re oy a long leaae ie pKferabte. The injuriea from game should be prevented. The enttdle and atttle- meata of land ahould be altered ao aa to convert the provision, for famiiiea, from acreage to one of money valnea. The holder of landed eacatoa having money ohargea on the acrcaga ahouid bo freed from the reeponaibility of payintr their }iabilities out of the uncertam rents. Hia ngkta ehouid be nxed at t money value, with power, -tinder eanction of the Court of Chancery, to diapoae ot the actea, and then to invest the anm reatMed in aecuritiea for t.he gcod of all concerned. The Government employ leomtera to go aboat to teach cookery, s!ao keep up aohcols to tuin youths to technical learning—why not do likewise on an extensive acale aa agriouiture ? The Chineae are moat earetui aaoat manurea. At Shanghai, which I oatahliahed in 1813, the nelda were wonderful aa regarda cultivation and CMmating. JMttnure of every kmd, even che whieh M ao abundant, by reaaon ot Chinese ahav- mt! oi the head, uaed, after being wtJll mixad with other kinds ot ao.beta.n068. Rave you examimed the bearing of tithes, ot local fmd impetial taxation, aa to whether their incidence ia unusually heavy on agriculture? A httle relief might, I think, be given, but it would fall fax abort of what would be gained by following yoir valuable system. I djaot if the 2} milliona given by the Government aa grants in aid, really benented the farmers.—louK v'jcy truly, G. BALFOL R. D&niei Owen, Eaq.

PRICES JN THE GRAIN TKADE. The TtM'cs on Monday morning pubHahed an elaborate estimate of the reault of tc.ia year'a harvest, ot which the following extract gives the eubatanoe :—Takina; ar«a and yield together, be piogreaaive faHing-oS in production id remarx. able. t'orthen''6tnveyearaoftheaerieaof it, tbe average number ot aotea of wheat in the United Kingdom waa 3.iOl,400; in the laat nve yeere the average haa been only 3,27t;,4'30 acre), a decrease of nearly 14 per cent. We produced, on an avercge of the nrat Sve yeara, 12.2,OOO but on an average ot the laat nve yeara only 9.2()7,000 quartera available for oonaumption after deducting eeed, being a deoreaae of 3,635,COC qu&rters, or no leas than 23 per centi. The produce of 1879 ia reckoned only 5,989, (MO qu&rtera. But when the qnality ia inferior a larger portion than usual ia appropriated for the feeding of animals and there ta no doabt th&t, notwithatandiBg the counteracting enact ,of tha in price, so bad is the whba.t of the present year that a much greater propiriiou thlU uau:tl will be used on the faj'm. jOl!tead of baiBff aoM r<\r making bread nout. Ffobab!y, therefore, the total produce which will be food for the peopte ia !oae, and not more. than the quantity 'u tae taHe.

To CONSUMPTIVES. CONSUMPTION Is Cuu,%iiL,F,A certa.m me-hod of oure h.n boa <h-<. cvp:ed for this distrMBiB?tompIa.?t. by ?phyic?a. who ie denroua that all s'.aercra in?v ,<"?''?' ?? ? ?M pr( videDt ml discovery. It ia beyond al' (ionhLtti? ,u?t, re bie temedy of the & ThOLmnda u,eu sired ty it. Full partiouiars wi!I b.-se'-t b? pf.st; to <? pw-onfrtieof charf!A??s??'?H.t??io Dto xd tenace. Hy6e faik. London,

DANIEL ('WN? ANU C? ? ABC RA!'?? Tuu; .íAlJU;S. i-vury j.rt<U 'r ,CJÜ ,)118 d he?.e uI>eful guidt.-8, jrrice (,0 j'C¡¡'llY, ? n'' atroet.Cad- t

AGRICULTURAL PROSPECTS AKD THE Gr!AIN TRADH. The weather (asja the Mar.'c Lane Expres.") hi been bad during the p&ac week, and prcv-jd a hindrance aJike to thl".>2z.mg and sowing. Ltte l at it ia, onps have not yet been aU secured, ovjn m the eoathetn coantie", whore m&ay neida of beana are still expoaed to the i*otien of tha while in the diftdcta in ScotiMid the I haryeetiBg of cata still dfa<;a wearily along. Iri jh advieea, however, contraat favourably with thoae from ether parts ct the United Kingdom. The oat crop is heavy, barley haa yielded fairly, 14ud wheat has exceeded previous expectation. Rootw have made acme prcgreaa of late, bat general dissatisfaction ia expreaeea at the miserable pticea which store cattle of all deacription are fetching. FariEera have been buaily engaged in preparing for winter aowing. Notwithatanding the dMBp weather, a gced deal of English wheat haa been Uraahed out lately with reanlts which fulty coa- arm the general ahortnoaa of the aeaaon'e crop. The ccBOiMcn of the bulk of wheat on sale during the past week both m London and the country haa been anytime bat good; indeed, really sound eom nt for milling or Bowing haa been compar-t- tively rare, and unaffected by the decline of ia wo 2a per quarter generally quoted.

TRE BEGISTRAR-GENERALS RETURNS. For the quarter ending September 3'Jth, 1379, the Registrar-General'a retuma for South Walea, like thoee for the other large divisiuna of the land, Me exceedingly satisfactory; thaa the deatha in ±e pa<t quarter were 3,490, whereM the average of the three previoaa correepondiaa' perioda ia There were 134 deatha in workhoaaea, eo9pitalo, and other public inatitntiona; 224 were enquired into before the coroner, and HOd wera due tc viotecoe. An excellent report ia alao fur. ItahedMtotheoaaMX of death; that, the only fatal caoew of zymotic diaeaaea were: emallpox 1, meaabe 2. aoMtet fever H2, diphtheria 15, whoop- ia<f 'ongh .38, tever 144, and diMrhceA49. Of t'oarae it léi eafy, on oloaer examination, to point ('Jot a few drawbttcka exiating in thia return, thna the diø..rMä o< Cüiff, Fontypridd, aad Jjlaneily tihow deaths i#y ''c&rlet fever. In the oaae ùf fever8 ot typea the aehona item of 66 fataj <MM begin« badly in the Swansea ratum. H:e rem.iw.Dg aMo« ale aoattered over the V.1rh>na cietrtcta, m jr.o doea th totat oaL fcr p&"m.nL.r !lUÛOO. 1&.118 ) !>\¡!mg the ;:lli.ee moutiM) taateaced on ne dlJtll oi Septambtr la,, tüare were M;. birtha and 3<:7 <1ea.t.l\t¡ red m :.he QiatrK ot union of CAr. ?° the lt.tt r tota' ?curring agaiMt an average j of ?7? u?in ?om the <ihre6 <Mr?eaponding ?'M?-a. T.he d<?Ath< mo?uae !'? be?ow l and 60 tt-Atcecmr? ? ? ?? upwarda. rhere were 38 ..?a?e m pn?e matitutioaa, K" wore inquired ?m ?r.th.?? ?? ? ??da. <o? fa. te,tat zymotic dtaeaa6<' were — ?? ?'t'?'? ?M, 11; d?hBheda. ? ??' ?"?'?coagh,3;and<!mrrhota,?. IbtB.u?a th.?a. f,om nearly every oth?r F!?, ?/f'?*<?? report touch?? the H?th of ?- ??t ? ? p?? qea?r. it haa t?Men ?? M'a ???? ?1 Ma?e M-c fa- bo,GW che ?f?f- ana th??.?l?jt?oa of tn? if fo?cd in tl'? ?.'?'?ariy fe? .,? ??g ? bo,GW che .lh..Ø. ana of if found in tP, .'if"lat!y f. ('.alOeS of .ld. r.nA to thie dicute "tI¡¡. m 1iL;¡ "Olber j .n¡¡uu '\t.b.u' bae ev -v. wbew tb!a titff aae .Ii., check. 111 tile Wail, < oLurch MU& t;16 c<;ttds wote 22. Q- tour '[¡!'(Jer tht. <tT€f&<?c. (J, ji L.1t:ite wa.)' dae toO fevr. In \'h" truiC La Oltth& were! 8'? and the d?atu? ?i{?. ;? ? 'atia t??a .be *ef?e ?tcasieacau?d 1, ?c????o?Qf .t.tJ<t.j"?''r)?g ) whocp'r*! ':cc,'t. 3, a.nd diarrr in 'b-il'.c. the .1c&tca ') '5, Cf (< 1<=6B thtin !i.v>'t't{I:I. j\ot (¡)B th'-?-' w du to &

"NOS CALAN GAUAF." (Br MoajBN.) The above !a name given by the Carno'o. Altittiluw<tAveu,or 1; ¡.HO,.n:n8, aLd we&re to!d thtt r of 'he Homan Catholic Clu'ch Ofifbr&te'i, oa th') JlJt of Nu'.emtjer, in COill.JlP-WIJr"Ü",n of nH h'M nuntB LQ e1Jer"j. Ihe f:IUottl btJl}-"we Ii:) LumerousiatheChurahthataday cuuH uos be eet opMt for each of them; in there were aot da.IB encash m the for the purpose; and hence, in 833, the lat cf November was appointed for all such M had mot special days for thamsetvea. The popular usages which in oar own and other countries have ocme to be connected with thia day, or rather the preceding eve or night, are evidently cf Pagan origin, and after wlUde cme to be sanctioned by the Church." The name of the month of October in Cambro- Britieh is Hjddfref," corrupted into "Hydref." It: ie a compound of hydd (stag) and breu, to rnt as deersdo, for in tiia month the hind goes to rut." The word cc!<m in the same language signiSea tegiEniag, and the phrase Nos Galan GaJwj eignicea, therefcre, the beginu'ug of winter. The month of November ie called and haa two meanings, ,¡z., some quantity, somewhat, a little, a remnant-tach. ttfo!<t of money, tachwtdd of oom also that which draws towards the end, referring, ia thia icatai.oe, to the near approMh of the end of the year. The ancienta hare al30 tachwedilu-to nttieh, to enit. Ihe it' eh.h reckon oy nights, aa the Anglo- Saxcns did, as evidenced by fortnight, &o. The old cal.m, therefore, was applied to the l<*9t night ot October aa the beginr'ijag of w'nter. Most cf the cbeervanoes cf the Soman Catholic Church have been grafted on the ptAcuses of the catione ot the North, 'for it waa th< po)i''y cf the Church 'to supplant heathen by Christian observances 'it.e Jt!làned agrlOe that thia feast iaCettioor Welsh in its ori¡in, dating, no dMUbt.ainee the t'me that DtuiCMm was the of Bnttum at d (jtutt, au i moat ot the Connneut of t urcpe; foe Ctc<;ro ..dmlL8 t&<n toe Df.ada wero the indent ore of w\tr.oh.gy, andttlay were, there- tore, the men who g*ve to the wortd the ropclar cuatcMt' albod.ted wi:h auciont cythoJtgy. It moe? bo adHtistcd. ho. ttcr, that mttcycf cuftoma. a*. filtt, Ltcaoo corrupt ,t the of it&Hot6. Du:ihg the Micidie A:e3 W\i8 wihueaaed. So HlDal.k&bj ight on the and, indued, in Bntain iz, the ChfMMaa Church (aa repreeenttd by the Charch cf Rome) ocmbimag Dtnidic obaMTaLC<a, exoeedtrgty poput<tr, bm in aconnpttcrm; foratterthe al&Qghter(Qratby the Romaca.aiterwarda by the AET;Io-aa.Xt'n!)the Drnidio phiioaophera—those "living Ubrartea," the hty to thf popuLtr allegotiee, for saoh the onetcatB were land indeed are, and the obaervAnoea anEBgUah writer etdte: "to extirpate thoee ritea, the Caaroh ac'aght to Chnstianiao them by associating them wttt) ri 6tt of hH own, and for thia purpoee Mther appoiated a Church festival at the ume of the heathen one, or endeavoured to ahift the time of the he"theu observance to that cf &n aireMdy nxed Cnaroh feetival." A'M Calan C<'«/a/ ia etHt exoMdicg!y popata< in all parta of Walea, aad, indeed, wherever Welah people and other Celts, deaoendanta of the Dftdde, are found. Buc the festival haa loit much of itaancie it oharaste]'- iatica, yet, in tena of thouaaada of Celtio hoaae- holda, in lonely valleye, and on hill aidea, the nifht ia one of rejoioinga and merrymakinga. The Coe7geTth, however, ia but rarely aoen blazmg on the hill. Thi" Coelgath goM nnder another name in Scotland and Ireland. It ia ihere oalied BeZttin, Be!t(MM, or Bettt!n<. The Coe¿gerth, how- ever, 6<:ema to be the primitive DraiJio name, unleaa we accept the theory that Btltane ia a corruption of .4b Han! tan (the son of the uery aun). Be that aa it may, it ia clear that the name c(llgerth given to tM boiinre ia a ccmponad of cuel iMtd certh (marvellous). The last word ia employed by Dhfydd ap Gwilyn: 0, 1terth y n;e<Mt yerth !JH ("Thtough the atrength of tae deariy betjved prayer.") That context givea an additional meanirg to the word, which agrcea better with fact that Cae/verth was a re'igioua ritit among omr anoeatora. "Ihe name," ta.ye the late Rev. Thcmae Richarda, curate of Coychuroh, ie given to the ancient bardic nrea of rejoicing for the aeaeons, on the ervea of the lat of May and the lat of November; perhaps," he adda, "b9aa.naethe latter of theae daya waa tamed for traGÍt\OD, and aome chroniotea Bay that the British chiefa were treaoheroua!y alain by the Sajccna at Stonehenge on that day." Pencant, writing in the last century, reoorda that "in North Wales there.Îø a. cuatom upoa All Saints' t-ve of making a great nre called when every f..mily about an hour in the night makea a great bounre in the most conapicuons plM9 near the houM, and when the nre ie nearly extinguiahed every one throwa a white atone into the aacea, having nrat marked it; then, havicg said their pMyera, turned round the nre, they go to bed. In the morning, aa soon aa they are uP. they come to March ou'. for the Btonee, and if of the<a "re found wanting, they have a notion thritli the peraoa who threw it in will die before he Bees another All Samta* Eve." They alao in aome looatitiea dm. tribute aouZ cakES at thereoeivicgof which poor people pray to God to bleaa tho next oro? of wheat. Mr. OweB'a account ot barda in Sir R. Hoare's Itinerary of Archbishop Baldwin's Tour thrc'ugh Walea," aaya: The auttnanal nre ia etill kindled ia North Wa!e8 ou the eve of the lat of November, and ia attended by .aany ceremonies; &uch as running through the nr' and aceoke, each casting a atone into the Sre, tud ail ruEBU:tf to eecape from the bjack ahort-cailed aow (symbol ot A'ltnh8, the goddess of yinier, and therefcre of deatruotbn), "then supping noD par&nipa, Bute, and applea; catching at an apple, eutpended by a atring, with the mouth alone, and the same with an apple in a tllh of qater; each throwiBg a nut into the nre, and tboee that bum bright betoken prosperity to th'< owners through the following year, but those burn black and crackle denote misfortune. On the following morning the for in the nre, and if any be mi_ing.they betide ill to thoae that threw them At St. Kilda, on the eame nigbt, they bae a cake in ham of a triangle (/J\) furrowed r<tuu'i, and which was to be eaten all th*t night. There ia not the shadow of a dcubt that the CoelgeTth is a remnant of the Solar religion. I advisedly refrain from aayirg the 8olar worship, for ib ia untrue that the Druida worshipped the host of heaven. They worshipped the Creator, and Him only, ancLthey simply, regarded the sun aa Hia chief representative in the visible orea'ion, and ite beams /t\, Hia Word /)\, by whioh ..ll things were created.

GOSSIP IN THE "WORLD.' The .ETon. Jem Lowther has gone down to the West—which luck'ty, thacka to the Midland !ine, ia no longer tha iJor Weat-to efo if the mit:try ao forcibly and sensationally told by aundry specials, and pictured in popular weekly journals, )e a truth or an exaggerated over- coloured romaBoe. Under the title of Pen :Sketches 6i/ o Vanished Han(!, Mr. Bentley ia about to iaaue some of thoae quaint chatty essays, fnil of cultivated Mnaotion and out-of-the-w&y lore, which Mortimer Collina used to sow broadcast among all k'nda of odd periodic&Is. A leading feature in the volumea will be his observationa—not wholly botaDioal— in hM garden, which ho loved, and where he lounged, communing with Nature, of whom he was so devoted a worshipper. Mr. Cecil Lawaon, if I am rightly informed, got .£1,2W for his great picture in the last Groavenor GaUery exhibition. Yet a friend tella ma he aaw a signed and guaranteed work by Mr. Cecil Lawaon aold laat Friday at an auction-room for J63 2s. 6d. Somebody has got a bargain. I am eorry to hear that the ex. Queen of Naplea lies in an almost hopeless condition at Vienna. It is considered by herphyaiciana improbable that the will recover. Rer Majesty hM long been known to suffer from consumption, and with the present fall of leaves her condition haa aaanmed each M banning character aa to leave no hope whatever. The Count and Countess de Chambord have been telegraphically aummoned to her bedside. It ia becom'ug the fashion, at diatingulahed weddings in Paha, for page.boys to be substituted for briceamaida. They are all dreaaed alike, mcatly in red or bine or aatin, with silk stockings and gold buckles: and, for their buaineaa have to, attend on the bride, carry her prayer-book and bouquet, support her train and veil, and generally be at her bidding all the day. Young brothers, or relatives under twelves yearo of age, are usually selected for the omce. Frascueio, the torero whom all Madrid escorted the other day to hie grave.ia stated to have left <t tortane of close upon eighty thousand poimda, exclusive of a nne mansion in the Spanish capital, several houses at Seville, and a quantity of dia.. mends. Of the latter, one set of buttons alone, with which he was presented by the ex-Queen Isabella at the cloM of a /Mnct(Mt rea!, ia worth eighteen hundred pounds, whilst some of the dresses he wore on such occasions, embroidered with silver and pearls, coat him twenty thousand reals. If anything could help to revive the rink skating m&nia at Brighton at.d elsewhere, it would be the fact of Plimpton's patent having expired, and that now aU the world can purchase his far-famed skata for seven a&d atxpenoe a or use any other ro!ler they may fancy. At Brighton three skating rinks are now open, and doing a fair business, viz, the original one at Hova, here wood pavement ie used aa well aa asphalte, the extensive asphalte rink in the Kind's and the coverod.in rink known aa Melli<)on'a, in the Western Bead. At a dinner-party in St. Petersburg, at which the Turkish Ambassador was present, the oonver. sation turned on the acoial m<)r.Üty of different nationa.andayongdtplomatMt rashly vemured a pleasantry on the subject of Turkish harems. Tne ire of the Ottoman representative waa imme. Stately aroused, and he dumbfounded tae company by a tirade aaainat Chtiadfm immorality in Ktnetal. In concision he said, with a oiuntaeaa doea Bot bear literal trcmsladon, i laye for? and I have never paid attentions to otli. females. Which of the company dares tpti !UF\ teat, bi,, Te)ationa with the fair sa have be<c reatticted?" S0146 rthher noted ';V() were present with their epouasa, iolt a litt'a

AtDurh-'n) Afeizea, cu Monday, HcghDou?ber, A c.c.cnpit ùl-I tna,c, waa brcught befofe Mf Pow. n to recoive sentence. haTing gtilty cf atte')aptin<; to marker biawife by <'utti''g her whiiti! they :Vf'r f'ceping' P"'eoT:er made a piteous 1i:)pe8 for r.p. eteLts\ to K' years' "rvitude, a

THE SALVATION ARMY AT MOUNTAIN ASH. KXTRAOBDINARY PROCEEDINGS. THE "AEMY" ON ACTIVE DUTY, RCT, SHARP, 'rRA IGHT.SHOOTI'xG AT BbJiLZEbUB." (By MomEN.) I comfeea that I am perplexed M to how to deecribe the utlaordil1.ny acenc't I witneaaed en Friday might and morning within & abort èistaLce of the residecc: of Lord Ahl!rdye at McuBteinAeh. My di.Jiculty ia thie :-While revering religioua eajcestneaa, so much th%t ia comic, acd, thtrefore, accordiEgto the notions of a son of the Puritans, irreverent, crowd to my pen when tUnkiBg over the acenea I havo just witneaeed while with the Slvatbn Army "intheneld" in the Cynon Valley, that, moat anxicua aa I am to give the Sflvationifia every credit for honesty and eegerneaa to do good, Momus, the god ef ridicuJe, mirth, and raillery, will intrude hia laughing face into my title, somewhat aa the bed of King Charlea iotruded itaelf upon Uncle Dick in David Copperneld," that, to employ a well nnderatood word, t am "B&bbergaated." When one remembers the eameetneaa of gyrating derviahes, and the devil èanoers of India, who, under apreading banyan tranchee, With rinr. Can their grizzly Kiog, IN dian.al Q)HM:e about the furnace Mae. Propitiating the manea of Siva, their god, the fear of whom ia the leading principle of their creed; and when oce liatana to the earneat incantationa and tom-tom beating of the witch doctMa cf the flopea of the while oce pihea one cannot bat respect, for everything thay co ia one to the ptompti?ga of genuine <enttineQ6. How much mere should ?e reepect a otMa <.f people, hke the Saivatiuuia:a, who hile acourdirg to onr motioua cf true tr.lIttioD. liet.la.t.e &(1\8 oalculattd our r'MblefaculHeB. ale doi):g their utmost to bring hoMe to the heatta of the people tie tenata of love taught by the Prophet of l\lizuetn? General Buoth, by hta aMo.de.oaTp," Mr. H. T. t-dmonca, a geutteaat.nty youog m&j fro.n Lcccon, had called moet of hia prm. Mpal'y youcg women, in South W<*lea to Moan. tain Aah on Friday, for the purpose, apparently, ot a66i6titg at the hot, ebarp, elr..iht ehootiag at Beelzebub." Whether Lord AberJ&re'a village -as credited with beirg the head'qaartera of Beelzebub waa not stated, but it ia oettnin that the announcement aa to wh&t waa about to take place among them excited the ooBee.toviag people, aa the inhabitacta are deaoribed, very much. By a proceaa of exaggeration peculiar to Kumour with her many tonguea, it waa even Stdd by aome that Lao been aotnally aeen dodging in the neighbourhood, and that the little aon of a ahopkeeper in the village, hearing ao much ae to what waa about to happen, aahed hia father Mxioualy what Benjamin" done. I myaelt hoard a young man, who had juat come out of the meeting aaying, in Wolah, to a crowd of young men who accompanied him, that ho had gone into the E'eetingwith the intention of catching Beo!z9. hub alive," intending, he aaid.were he auooeaaful, to let him off again ne&r Eglwyewyno. In abort, Beelzebub waa very popular on Friday with certain aympatbetio people at Mountain Aah. The above illuatratea the manner, peculiar to themeelvea, the Salvatiouiata atLraot atten. tion to the work in which they are engaged. During the day marchea, headed by the nstga of the regiment," had been gone through, and addreaeea on Holineaa." Ready to be o&ered cp," &c., delivered at the Workmen'a h*U. At 7.30 p.m. a public meeting waa announced to be htid at the eame place, when addreaaea were to be delivered on "The R'ae and Progr8is o< the WM," by the aide-de-camp, followed by "hot aalvaticn ahota from Captaina J. Eobcrta, K. Sheppard, now of Bcynmawr, late of the Rhondda. Valley; P. Shepperd, Mra. Shepperd, E. Lock, Pentre; Coveny, and Miaa ThomM, Ebbw Vale, under the ommand of Broadbent." At 11 p.m. waa to commence an "all night with Jeaua." lattendeiboth. On entering the hall for the earlier meeting I found the place full, gallery and noor being doeely packed. The platform waa occupied by the omcera, nve or tiix malee, and twelve or nfteea iemalea. All were einging when I entered, the tnne hein," Nelly Grey." I there ia a bright and a glorious Imd, Away in the heavenH bih. WbeM all the redeemed sball with Jeaua dwell. WUl ycu be there tind 1 ? Will you be there and I ? Wheie aU the redeemed t.btU with Jesua dweJl, Wilt you be tihere and I P In robes of white, o'er etreeta ot gold, Benea.th & at), They'll wtik in the light of their Father'8 l'ne. WiU yoa be the< e Mtd I ? Every one preaent aeemed to be ainging moat earitettty. TLhe <nde d6.camp.¿eüvered &n adareaa on TheProareaB ot the W&r,' atatrng &h%t tuere ware now engaged in it 3,0<M nnpatd preaoheM, and pointing out tbt Mnount ot work aooomplMhed. He oocaaiomaUy apoke with great animation, hia re' mMka beint: frequently interrupted by ahowera of Aba t" Then toUcwed addreaaea from 80411e of the othera, both male and female. Mt&a Ebbw Vale, oomme4ced her addreaa in the Welsh language, but ahe aeemed to be uoaocuatoaied to speak on the aubjecc in that lanpo¡¡age. and aha proceeded to apeak in EsgUah. isne a3.id that 1,100 had beec" converted" at Ebbw Vaie ainoe March la at, at which announcement thare was a ehf'wer oi Glory be to God," and fIaill"luj,bd.u She atated that while apeaking at Ebow Vajfe one day, from the top of a chair ic front of a public. houae, a drunken man came out, having been urged by someone to atrike her. He oama forward in a great rage and in a actimde, and the brethren, ehe a&id, around her were alarmed and preparing to pr<'iet:t her. But ahe aaid, "leave him alone," and when he lUe near her ahe began einging— Oh. the tmgels "iU come with mnaM. come "il. theJr. mucic- Iweet lIoWlic to we hJ.ne; lu the hlght IUÚies of the shtnuifoneawili etand, And bing me a wekome in welcome to their native Iniid. The man stopped, and after gazing at her a little while, he burat into teara, which be WlpOO awd,y with hie cap. He joined the ranka of the army. and walked there and then wich them to the hall in which they held their meetinga. She viaited the poor drunkard'a home, which ahe deaoribed aa beiBg in a wretched pliKat, without food and without furniture. She TMited ii. a<rain a few daye ago, when ahe found there new fumiture and a leg of mutton on the table. Another, a vcuth, who waa a%id by the aide.de. <'o[wp to have been promoted to be a "lieutenant." atated that while hatching to the .odnsses of the brethren and aiatera he h.*d been thickiBg of the poor Sahermen of G.tIUee who wore made nahera cf men. All of them wera c?t appointed, he thought, to catch large uah; 9ome Wfre intended to catch whaloa, othera to otoh tBackertil, aBd othera to catch (Laughter ) He eeemed to hint, reterriag to hm 0-0 wmparatively aubordiDate poen-ioa, tha: ho had intended to cach men of the lJoõt-na.œud c]a¡,s. Oce of the male captains," who ia stationed at CardiS, dojiKff aome remaps on faith," st",ted that he and hM wife entered thut town true to apostolic tradition, without money iu their puree, in <aot decidedly hard up." But he treated in the Lord. They held a meeting, a VHY bappy one, and at the clOde a weather beaten Bailor, who aeemed to have newly returned from a voyage, came to the penitent form and aaked hun how he and hia wife lived f He replied that he truated in the Lord. The tar slipped atealthity into hia hand aix bright sovereigne. This waa followed by loud erica from aome of tho "laaaea" on the platform of Juat hke Jeaua," and how nice." A very excitable male "captalu" commenced his remarka by Baying If 1 ain't in Heaven 1am on the way there." Miee Kate Shepperd spoke with that winning modesty of manner whica attracted ao powerfully in the Rhondda Valley. Miaa Coney aummed up her remarka in the worda," Prepare to meet thy God." "Captain" Roberta, Merthyr, alaoad- dreaaed the meeting. About ten o'clock the meeting came to a close, and the congregation broke.up after ainging lord. I heM ot ahowera ot Messing Thou art scattering tnil Mid ft-oe; Showers, the thirsty land JLet some droppings (aJl on me, even ma. Socn after 11 p.m.. when the atreeta of Mountain Aah were deaerted and the moonlight ahowing the outlineaof the lofty ailent mountaina, between which the village ia aituated, aooom. panied by the Rev. Thomaa Phillipa, Calvinietic miniater. Mountain Aah, I wended my way to the meeting announced aa "all night with Jeaua." It muat be admitted th&t the daring character of the announcement M to the object of the meetiuf canaed one to feel a degree of awe at we wended our way through the eilent atreeta. Truth to tell, one thought of another night in a far diatant land among the olive trees with frowning Jerusalem nigh. To all ahadea of thought that dramatis epiaode in the life of the NUllrrene ia more than nteroating. Light ia seen, aa we approach, in the wiaaowa of the Workmen'a hall. We reach the dofr, b<i'; we nnd it baired. In the atill night distant moana end wailinga are heard, and the &eah creepa af if the natural quaila at the near approach of the aupematural. No doubt thie ia aH the ooect of imagination. We knock at the door, tho ctack of the boh ia heard, and it ia opened by a cmBed youth, who ia the janitor of night. Wo ascend a night of Etaira euently, the waite and moana becoming atrcpger in our eara. We come euddenly iu falt view of the gas.lit hall, and we witaeda a moat extraordinarv acene. Between 300 and 400 people of both fexee are on their kneea. Soorea with wan, uplifted facea praying, aomo with a loud voice, othera in lower tocea, producing auoh a diaoord th&t one canrot eaaHy fcrget, were ho to live aa lorg aa Methuselah. I hope I ahall not be deemed irrfverent vcen I say that I am irreaiatibly re. mindd by the Babel at noise of a n )ok of aheap irg driven to be dipped in I air aBgry with myself for ouch an irreverent comt&rMon, but wheo earneatty engaged iu dirpcttrg toy thoDlfht8 to a erroove more 8uihbl" to a deep mouthed brother naar me uttered a otv ao much like another I well re- member, t))&t I am no'u')y thrown into oonvul. ?:PBa by 6R<i??voutu ff to check my ria bte ftmut- tieB. I, however, bpcome graduaHy more acoua. toopd to the etrange poece, .nd I and tha!: at! afe terl?lv jD after a quarter of au honr tb" a1õ(.tie.c6mp (-'Ivel!! tho and a.it tbt'r PI'.Hi! He eeema to bJJ.v6. beda fCnHHlh!\t affeoted by t'imi!f\r iu6.\leneeø to th<F.le tl,at, had to,j"bed me, fur ha por.tedty l'Effra to the ehou'.mg," and c'):\Uel "1i38H of !t." Tt'enfoUowatheaingitigot abyma to the ture. H When Johnpy oomoa marching home." Vi htcn allkütt-l again. Mo-t of the prayerB &reia L, zgli.h, bat now two were delivered in the Woiah !om{uag«, biit) f'olivfred in thu olt oh..n'.iJ.J etylo, with ii rillij:g efftct. 1 wail toid the.t tho øllpplio&a>, "tn- kl gtil'iy Ôtcl'}Ðl/,ed in Ma tbtejla,it, a't, IW I l.fttLtó io kia tucpte p*thet'o tit. l-,hra.okf.?v of the Wd,t\ Detpn)!!g'-cht.c), iti(iuant. of J)\)th" i"ri tp'm, lt IJlf1'8 M*h<t," E)Ivyip(g on hoe p'pe a-)!' ty..J;JJ M ,.1' 'vi'e tutbc VilID, and a!M te(D*rt, «r "Illa lht- iLUWHI «f tM tüC¡ ill bj N019a t actt?ttd t'' r eutenng Heaven n?td a. broken ? htnn." The ?)<cle of th« tae?tm? ooa?Iated of pra)tr end eicgit.g, with ooe.SlOnt\! eho:ta.tion8. A meet oxtfaon.inary scene w&a wisaooeed during the last htif hour of the meeting. A nnmbar of Dh-n and wcmen ere on thtif knece crowded rouhd a table in the middle of the room, and engaged in a ftantio manner in pi!ayer. One womtti'tbecamehyBte'ical.ar'd, 60:eacoinf, left the hall vaviug her arma about. The meattng came to a close eoon after four o'clock ca Matur- day mornit g.

THE RIOTS AT NEWPORT. THE FORTIETH ANNIVERSARY. (BY MoRijsN.) I am reminded by a venerable {tien.1 o* the hiatorical fact that Tuesday was the fortieth anniveraary of the Chartist riota at Newport on the 4th of Kovember, 1S39. My friend w&a in the thick of the fray in front of the Weatgate Hotel, the pillara of the porch of which atiil bcM traoea to this day of the bnlleta of the riotora; but more interesting (!) atill, one of the fiagers of my friend bcara the aoar of a wound it received from a atray bullet fired by a soldier through a window in one of the wiage of the Weatgene iiutel. My friend, I tLoroaghly boiieTe, wae one of the attaokicg party, lor.e i. able to dbiioriba what took place ic the paeeage of the hotel, and men feii to riae no more near him. A Me. SleU, he ttlia me, waa ahot through the arm near htm, and it M!<6 he who tied hia arm to aave him trom oieed. ing to death. Mr. 8he!i, howev r, w*a lying I,ILC,lg the cead and dytng ehortly &fwrwarda. My mtotmaMt waft, hcweter, in <uti retre..t from the A% esi gate, bnt had not @ul1e iM wuea a baiiet etruck t&e ro&Q near him and boanded agtunac hie hand wtth each f«fce <K to up open hid tiuger lie ttitjBted to imve boen en fttmitiitr ticrcM witti Mr. SheU, tor hb ia able to teit we tb. uju(.entki ot tLeitt er wmtMt by him the day befare, wiahunt; bilk ttielads food ble. axid ka)iiig ta<tt on tha tLonowhe was gcing to (mike a btow for hberty, ti-d that he mignt le,.utu hoate no more. Brava, i be-igh mibtbkeu man I My i.nform..rat mMoaed item the Monmouthshire with the rioera. Be deecrtbea the pteparationa of the night bofoM, eh<trp<niBg weapoce, acd to fotth, and witaeaaed tno dunging on the way to Newport. He m<Mie kno% n to me a fael thst I had not heard before, tuat the lasdois had perenaded the men that the toldiera were dieaffected, and taoh was urged to take with him an extra coat with which to supply each aoldiar aa he tt'rew away the red cae. It aeema that the attack upon the Webtgate was contrary to the direct Utttractiona of the loadera, whcae nrat object was to demolish Newport Bridge, and thereby prevent the Ct.aoh from running, which was the pro. arrayed eignal to the Chartiata in England that the U els]2-an had atmok the nrat blow at the Throne. The riotera, however, laokily alipped from the control of their leadera, and to beer ia E.ttribuMd thia to the preaent hour. rhere were amcng the mob htmdtoda of unwiHing men, who had been competed to tmoompany them. Thoao only wanted the elighteat exonae for eeoapicg from their dangeroaa oompanionf, and when the nrin? between the mob and the aoldiera began the opportunity had come, for each had then enough to do to attend to hia own safety, wÎ\,hout attend. ing to hia UUv.¡lhng iriend, ao that really what the mub had intended aa addi. tional atrength booame the means of diaorganita-tion in their ranke, as eaoh bolteo away for aafoty. Mr. Rowlanda, hoaae decorator, Fontypridd, tella me that he aaw the mob entering Newport and reaching in front of the Woetgsza. Re ran up Stow hill, when he heard the rattle of mnaketry, and returned through Commercial afreet to a apot opposite the Town hall, when he aaw several men in the diatanco writhing in a<(ony againat the kerb. etocea, whilat the rioteia that could go away were bolting in every direction. The Bev. William Evana, Tonyrefail, who remaina to thia day, was preaching the night before at Fontllanfraith, and early on Monday morning he reached the village of Tonyrefail on horaeback with the tidinga that the Monmouth. ahire men were on the march to Newport. Shone Mab Maraley," atiil alive, a native of Uantriaant, bat then working in Monmonthahu'e, waa (ompelled to juin the riotera, and he marched with them a considerable diataoco, but at the earlieat opportanity bolted hiM the wooda, and he eat under a tree all night, with torrenta of rain falling upon him. As aooa as day dawned he harried to Glataorgaaahire. There waa a large organisation in Glamorgan under the command of the late Mr. Wm. D&vd, Shop y Garreg, Dinaa, and Dr. Price, now of LIantrieant. But at the laat moment the !aen of Glamorgan had the good aenae to give up marchng upon Ctrdia, at had been intended. The alarm in the TaC Valley waa very great, and aU that could get away di<t ao into remnte vaMeya among the hiila. where they aheltered in barna, cow- houaea. and auoh plaoea. The alarm at Nant. garw haa been unmottahaed by the following Itnea ttom the pen of a local poet :— MM ttcn yu Wantgarw fod y tShartia yn dod pbcbum e1fD i gilo coeti; 'Aoed Hcrriet o'r feim Sh&u TomM y orydd, A hea Duie or tyrpic am Soi tua. Ch&erdyttd. The whole male population of Dinas, the then moat populoaa portion of the Rhondda Vallay, and a little world in itaeljf, eeoaped to the valleya of Uilfaobgoch and Ogmore, then merely aheep wallM. Wixty Emwnt Shamo, whoaegrandaonahave become large colliery ownera, and several othere, hid tbemseivea in carcycolyn hay loft, near the top of the mountain between Dinaa and the nrat named place, ard aa long aa he lived he waa twitted at the fright he experienced when one of hia companicaa in <±e hay pointed out to him that he waa opposite an aperture in the wall through which bullet conid come it the Ch&rtMta ared in the valley beneath. George y Saia remained all night on the top of a tree-" on the tree oolfan," M he afterwarda described it. I have heard old men deaoribing how tremblingly they alicabed, with the peep of day, from the oppcaite Mde of the mountains to the anmmit, to peep M Dinas houses-their homes—in the valley beneath, and how joyfully they beheld them intact. Dr. Fnce, as is well known and as he wilt laugJbiagly *d'ait, eaoaped out of the country dteMed a* lady, being aaaiated gallantly on board a ateamer at the Cardiff Booka, as ia pcpu!arly believed, by the late Superintendent Stoekdale, who little thought that one of the men he w&a in aearoh of was the graceful ''lady he had leaning oa his arm. Mr. Wdliam David, peace be to hie ehacie, escaped to Liverpool, on horaeback, and thence to America, the Rev. Mr. Edwarda, Zoar Chapel, Dicaa, of which tae leader waa a member, walking by his tiida through obaouie hamleta. Mr. David was very lama, heJlce ()JJe rioiug <md the other walking. Ha returned after eome yeara, got married to one of the daughters of Cwmaaerbren, Rhondda Valley. Thait ton ia Mr. Waahingtoa David, the nodical student who diatinguiahed himaolf with Dr Dyi{e e.t the Tynewydd diaaaijer by attempticg to convey food through deadiy perd to the impriaoned minera. Mr. WHimm David eteepa tbe Ùing Bleep not f a): from tha grave of hia faiWul friend, the old mituator, near Z 3ar Chapel, at the foot of the moontaina of Citruy- celyn. lie lived, however, naMly long enougn !.o eeo almoet OT6rY point of the charter conceded by peaceful meMSt_

THE GEOLOGICAL DISCOVERY NEAR DOWLA18. (FROM OUR MERTBrTB COBBESrONUBXr.) Sir Ivor Gaeat, I?dy Cornelia, the M?rquass of BIand?ord, and other diatingniahed viaitora at Dowlaia Hoaae, have recently visited one of the aandetone quarries in order to inapect a foaait tree of great dimenaiona found there, and the local preISs haa been favoured with Jettora of a highly elaborate character, proftaaing to give an account of the aaid tree ere it became foaailiaed. Every day the apot ia viaited by large numbers of wondering Mghtaeera, and theDowlaia authoritiea have thought nt to place a watchman there, as it is the intention of Sir Ivor to have the tree taken out and conveyed to the manor at Canford. At our vMit recently there waa a crowd of lookera-on from Dowlaia and Merthyr, aud it was !co<t amnaing to hear the explaa. atioM and sarmieea. Firat of rJI we maat state that the rock ia millatone grit, of a fine aandy character, and ia aaed for building and aome of it for the oaBiater lining of the atcal Mnvcrtera. The rock is moderately foaauuerous, principally flora of a aeant and badly marked btype. One can get but rarely any of the well known types stigmaria, siqyiLlaria lepidodendron, or oalamitea, which are found ao abundantly in the coal meaauKa, and the reaaon of thia is obvioua to a geologic!. Carbomiferoua limeatoueforma the bed of the coal meaaurea, and the flora of that epoch —the limeetone—ia oonnned, with aoarcely any exception, cc polyp. of midway linka between the animal and regetable world. Immediately upon this carboniferous limestone basin come the aodi- mentary rocka, aandatore grit, millatono grit, conglomerate, &c., where oti!y a aparae acd faintly marked vefetation exiated. Then from that era, cnder poasibty ohaugiag oonditiona of poaiiion, came the tropical vegetation of the ooal epoch, affordiljg ns sbale". which give MceUenc matfit tor the ahandaut flora and fauna of the period. Thua the aand. stone of the Dowlsis quarries fofmed th'i river bed, into "bioh the ancient trunk fell, and waa cohered over and foaeilieed, and then, ia after artS, upheaved. At the period uf oar visit thora 1ta.ø a collier who looked wondcringly at th9 tieo, andaaid, "Hnm! case of growth." "O.then," said a friend, "you don't believe it ever grewi"' No." Bot np at the oajatle, in the limeatoae, yon wi]i nnd cockles in the solid etone. How do you account for that ?" Growth." And the nshea there never swam, of course?" "No, growth." And this Beemed to find favour with Btacy a listener. It was atrango to he%r the old ptaanc theory of the tta'iama brought out upon a Welch monnta.in, Md idle to bring forward the overwhetmicg evidence with which Hugh Miller scattered the fancy to the winds by his analogy oi a village churchyard and the atrata of the buried life of the ptst. 1"1' ita eizo, the tree is weU worthy of a vieit, a.rlr\ we may ortt to ocr''ett'erathatatbin film of co. 1 yec"a- mainat ahoWlrg t" thj mrk.

An 1DnreoHon to'!k placo Q "'n'rdty t th Alexatd a ¡'¡¡lac£', tf a. nhmberot n),v \n, th I r,), el ty of <h( U:i ieh .1h 0 .yhto'-i h'. btet fúrn td to )n';ccu<M an tm furo t ca.) ¿,ce throt.J:01Jt ouu,ry, ist, L. a.'J. ':<)rs a, t.t<ukug at t whtds tVt<' }!\Ve, ci<,i.r.<d thl>t r,¡ ¡(.,Je ut' Lo.o:i t,ti. !\)"ut. £LO,OÙO t.'m)} jn h]j-f, Thrr:! w. h.3 1J,1 .t ? lÍlan I.il(,,O teetct -Z,r4 tiCaOLg th.o o.bl.dv"J ut the Mt'tEupc.tij9,

TBE WELSH SCHOLARSHIPS AT JESUS COLLEGE. A DEFENCE OF DR. HARPER'S TO THE KDITOB.. E'JR,Che tCCe:jllo/ lit. tku iHtuperaBce h&il, on the 3tlj )Btt, <<JjtU tu O1..(:Uta thep''opot'e.i t.M.iui nii'tBochiftUifUt (a tt fton)d be o*tiedj uf tt.e fi, h e¡¡.o- Ual.ll.8 vt jr.,u4 ti,)Iitge, tt« sitarke oitctacle of it ob.irluin wno, at the outset of the proceedicga, declared his oonMenoe in the witdom and jubvice of Principal Hyper's acheme, and ended, nevertheleea, by auppprting Msolntiona, one or two of which implied, in the minda of the other apeakera, ac.d of the audience, a complete diatrnat of the aame. It waa diaappointiEg to the rector and to other ao-oalled pa trio* ic uphoidcta of the oloae foundationa, that the chairman, apeoiaHy invited to lead a general howl against an atchtraitor and apoliator," aioulo ah&mcte?Bfy b?eak the compact by oonfea- a'rg h'a own aversion to the viewa uf the public eBen.y t For my p&rt, I am heartily glad M Snd that ho, in oompttny with Lord Aberdare and Borne other gcntltMnn of high poaition, has nut been inna. enccd by faLje criea and ahailow con8idEratiocke to join in the unreasoning clamoar against the principal, who, holding an oQIce uaually aBBOciated with luxurious ease and re- tirt'Ment, has ahown an example of aelf-decying exertion and of a warm-hearted aympathy with Welch diaad vantages which his opponcnta fhould reapeot more than they seem to do. But it is a pity that Mr. Vivian ahould appear to countenance an agitation which was moatly without meaning on HM own hypothoaia that Dr. Harper waa worthy of oonndence. Why haa thia unholy alliance been formed of the Dean of BMgor, the Rector of Merthyr, Mr. Thcmaa Gee, and other diaoordant elomenta of the Welch nation, which have never before been leagued for a common purpoae? The oijly answer we ahall obtain is thiir favourite war.whocp. Welsh money for Wales," which haa exerciaed tena of thouaaoda of throata. Even that numeroua party in WtJea who profeaa aduterBjination to atrip a certain other venerable irstitTtUon ct ite peeuniary heritige shriek hoartply when, in return for the innumerable aovaltagu wb)ch alee has dethed duriog the piepvl,t century from the openiaigo" other colleges fcrmcrly clo<-ed <o her eoua, it m propped to re- otpro<tte the kindLeaa to a alight extent by rtn.ovi-.)g xome of the rcanictiona whtch were attached to JI:,SWI Co'iego und"r pfculi!4r con. ci'iotja lotit otcce pa'-aed away. fo repettt whftt haa becu ataied beiore by abler advocatea, a U elsh coilege was BeceeBary when Welahmoo, h{ wevtr prcnuient, could obtatn noaid frotn other collie; but if all the rcllegea in Cxford h*d in, the 16 h century been open, the benevolent el*hmt it (I; ran, ing their existence) who endowed Jeaua College would uothlaove thought it ncoeaaary (tf euch really were the caae) to connno all the iellowthipa and acholarahipa to Welehmeu. fne alteied MrcumatanoeB of the present day have made the continuance of the Welsh reatriotiona only prtially neceaaary, and I do not conceal my own conviction that a complete opemng of the oollfge, from the pnnoipalahip to the amalleat eibibitio.-n, to all codera oi whataver na.. tionality, will in a few yeara be possible. Two chief conaiderationa aeem to have prompted a deeire for throMng open a purtion of the endowmenta. Firat—The raw material, ao to apeak, which is attracted to the college by these eaaily. got prizee, is often unfit to receive the advantages of a univereity education. When many well. prepared young Engliahmec who need help, and who have not been auoceaeful in the neroe com- petition for the open acholarahipa of other collegoa, have to turn their baoka on the university, and cheese a leaa congenial oaraer, it aeema a pity to waste money on young Welshmen who have not received the requiaito preliminary training, and who leave the univeraity with a. auperSoial cruat of learning, of little benent either to themMlvea or to their country. They often are eot even atudcnta, and when a moderate range of mental power, a lack of ardour in the I)Urbtiit-of knowledge, and a denoienoy of early t,tairing are combined in the aame individual, as wae eometimea the oaae within my own know. !ecge, the 6nal product la not valuable, even under the beat educational machinery. I muot guard agaiBat the miaconoeption thut I speak thua harehly of all the holdera of Welah aoholar- Ehipa, some of whom have been highly dia. tiBguiehed both dnriDg and after their univoraity career. It is thought that, if a certain proportion of the aohoJarahipa be thrown open, the remainder will probably be nlled by really decerving men. Secondly—Even for the aake of the Welah Mhola.ra themaelvea, It ia advisable to give them EBglieh ocmpaniona. The isolation of Jaana CoUege is so well known that I need not attempt to prove it. It is the exception, for a Jeaua College man to have a circle of frienda in other colleger, and this meet obvioualy entul the loaa of one of the most important and meat coveted advantages of university education, viz., the aociety of educated men, drawn from different parts of the kingdom, and, therefore, exhibiting euoh a variety of opiniona, experienoea, and tat-tea <M cannot be expected from a band of Welahmen, drawn from a amali and thinly populated area. Thia haa oauaed so great a prejudice againat the college that the beat Welah talent is any of it, and prefera to develop itaelf in the more bracing atmoepheze of an English college, where at the aame time it can claim the honour due to auooeat in an open corn. petition. Thia tendency of the beat trained boy a to choose other oollegea will cot diminiah (as the Rector of Merthyr fondly hopea), but will moat obviously and oertaiEiy inoreMe with the improvement in Welah intermediate education, unleaa it be pMtiaDy checked by a meaenre auoh ae Dr. Hetper propowea, or is believed to propOM. Anyoae who haa not corn. promised himself by giving a hasty and pro. mature adheeion to the viewa of what i may caU the ultra-proteotioniat party,in Witloa, will see that thia infuaion of an Engliah element will prove of immenae becent to the WeLih iu the college. Mr. Vivian aeema to think that the Engliah are to ba attracted without diverting Welah money from its original purpoae, but aa Engliah boy a will tot eacri&oe themaelvoa for the furtherance of Welsh culture without a bribe, it is clear that a large eum will have to be given up to open Echolarahipo, although thia end may be parsly gained by ahortenmg the tenure of the aoholar. ahipa generally, and by aimilar meMurea. It is true that acme of the Welahmoo, who at preMct unduly monopolue advsmtages for which they are not ripe, will have to give place to better material, but it cannot be too often repeated that many Wel&h bova can, and do, carry off open scholarships in the face of aevero competition. As a proof of this I may mention that 25 Welah boy a hold echclarehipa at the present moment in other oollegea. The Engliah may, in fact, fairly aocuae us of exoeaaive greedineaa in preying on their aheep, instead of connning our attention to our own ewe lamb," as the Jeaua College endowmenta have been affectionately called. The total amount of money held by Welahmen in Oxford, in all the coilegea, inoludicg Joana College, ia very oonai. derably more than the anm to which they have an original claim. But I am afraid it is hopeless to convert the patriota" to thia view of the cnao, aa eo macy have failed before me. It is disingenuous to apply the term "aliena- tion to the propoaed partial enfranchiaement of the Jesus Cotlege revenuea. If four OQnatriea, A, B, C. and D, have each of them cloac endowmenta at a common univereity, and if B, C, and D throW th(irr open to all, including A, it is not altena- tion," but pnre juatioo if A foltowa their example. The patriota throw duet into the eyea of twir mipguided followers wt'en they talk of "English" money. England in this aenae imiudea and I have shown that English money is Iarg< ly in the hands of Welshmen. As we have proaMd, and contmue to profit, ao much by Ecgltah geDeroaity, let ua perform the aomewhat t*rdy juatice of allowiBg Engliah boya to compete for (not neceaeatily to acquire, in the face of Wa?h rivala) aomo portion of our own gifts, which are localiaed in the national univeraity, eapeci-ttiy as we ouraelvea shall derive collateral advantages thereby. It may or may not be true that Wales ia deScieBt in educational endowmenta, in the matter especially of intermediate schoola. But it may be aaaumed aa a primary axiom in alt die- cuaeiona on the question, that the endowmenta of no Oxford College can be apareo by the country at targe for the purpoae of aupplying a local dcnoiency, however great. The oollegoa are organic bodiea which have elowly grown to their preeent development, in unity with the univereity, which is itaelf also an organic body. and the property of the nation. Only a amalf portion of the college fnnda—that deaigaated the Moyriok treat money—can be regarded aa available for intermediate education. Dr. Harper had made a draught acheme for benefiting the Welah in this manner long before the agitation against him commenced, and from every indica- tion of his intentiona which haa been made, I think we may put more trust in his plans than in thoae which can be framed in public meetinga by the many .headed and often very wrong-headed mob, which has lately usurped the role of legislating for an Oxford College. No, it is from the National exchequer tint we mnat hope and pray for halp to create a comprehenaive ayatem of mterme<uate eoucation, oy wmon a complete ladder may be made from the elementary school to the universities. Our claims will be listened to with far more readiness, when we have paid our own quota to the national university of Oxford by rm partially opecing our private endowments there. As regards the financial condition of the col- lege, I cannot understand why the Rector of Merthyr and others do not accept the very olCM statement of the oolle(te accounts furnished by the principal to Mr. Vivian, and read by the latter gentleman to the meeting on. the 23rd inst. It is perfectly evident that the principal must be better able to deal with these ngurea and ex. plain their meanun? than any outsider evca with a pile of Blue-booke: Aa to the college livings, of which so muon w<M made last Thurf day, I do not think they are realisable property in the present state of public opinion, otherwise I have no doubt that the prin- cipal and fellows would entertain the propoaal to dispose oi a certain number of them. All the clerical restrictions shoulj, in my opinion, be done away with, as they oem in no wiee beneut "true religion and uaeful iearciBg," and the splendid bribe may m some caseB produce the ug!y fruits of perjury, followad by a hfe-IoBf hypocrisy. It is an empty dream to think that the ra' aotionary policy of restoring the open fellowships to Wales will ever be adopted. The reasons agaicat this are strong, and will at once sug- gest themselves to those who agree that the largest neld furnishes the best choice. Withal wo cannot but feel grateful, and, I du's a&.y. Dr. Harper himself M grateful, for tha uai- TersfJ interest which has btrn shown in Welsh education, ev, n although it has been tinged by I 6ocje Bja!evo!enoe, eome uncharitable Bu&piotca, aLC ar occasional vulgarity of demeanour in de* h g v.Üh men ot bigu posniou, w<ho have never ct, e, led a ech(.lari, and didi.iiiod altitude. 1 t-hfiU comitcdo with eome reciarka on the t.?jE<')pale off"co, atid the (:a)gel.' e,ir(1 Ulni.fe':d by f..t nie lwho h<<.ve lafg,3 ihe.tuea of tht-ir to ili?,ke him do n,.or,KurL- for hiss moiacy. ,It wpA laid down by a lawyer of large pract¡,; aad brilJiallt proepecta that phould BOt lava mfe than .£1,\)<IU ¡¡, yenr, and f<!HJ\Jld do eome worker it. ThoKef.tiOfof .M<!thyr bad hHnd (¡f. M,y vol; a v:lo.ieati<1.1 mcfafiH'-tt). 'Ie w;r{: w<ich ¡; me ru,íson detre f' & Ct:)'<-).e prme;p2lway .<<t; u. t'i') )¡, "')til.' ul.Idtrt..ke t*n a'j}a un & do..} priauip'e U:t) .-&)jof & dm' el.¡jDJat ihe- value of wu.k. tiio Pflaolp*! of JlÕnli College haa aobievt:<t which hia Bhiary, to a!iberal rdnd, wou I(t seem quite an ill. adequate feu-nneranon. A tom- embrsci! g it viait tu I'¡ramllir eichool of any in:pcrtan.'<acarefot inhO the stte of theeBdowm< nts and Q1:iobg6, ac i a cooetdoration of tLe nlf!anS WbPl(jby in fa.'hioatttncetho eniciercy cf the school may be rtti-ed, ia no slight task to uzdertake in the ootirae of ft sommer vacation. Of the work which the head of a oclifge may do in term t'ma. and which Dr. Rarpcr doeB, no eattmate in poundM,lIhiUiufrs, and ptnce c&n poaeibly be m!t.de. Beatdea, oa another ground, itie extremely desirable thatmenofouiture ehculd occaeionally be poj6ft abor" of targe inoomea without l:avu)g to tarn it iu thA sense in which the manufacturer or the profesaional man does. AaloBgeawe have a hereditaty aristocracy of raBk and wealth, let there a)eo be place for a self made aristocracy, where learning, dignity, gcod.breeding, and afHue¡;oe may at once be combined, and to which a gifted youth may rise ftcm any tank. With the hope that the next generation of Welshmen may Bfe land sown thick with emcient grammar schools, and Jesua College free! I am, &c., W..D W ARIH, H.M.'a Inspector of Schools, Late Fellow of Jesus College. Oxtoro. Merthyr, Oct. 3J. 1879.

THE DISTRESS AT TON GWYlSLAIS. The are utmost tc miiJgate t)fe diatretl¡ pxiatiptf a*. T and ttp Eurrounding TJeÎllhbourhco!i. 'I'M w)mmittee met on and "Vt-ntugd, wben ab< nt 100 apphoatiune for <M'*e Diad" Soma receiTed lo&ve. ef bread snd <* qunn ity of fhoeao, oihfte whose families WcrnaappHed with r.otep, fr<'m \8 to 46 vo.ll1(- to p'ootnQ tbty moetBftded. Mrn. lJ"w! of Gf,et\. aoup m 'luegtiay bny we'e t'upplie1 with coal in ote cwt. Iota by tho t«trte bø.tlil. Mra. H. JcScriea, Ynija, hat) atao been '.afge!y aeeiatiEt: in tbe work of allewiartmg the diatreaa prevailillg Mccnd here.

ARCHDEACON GR7FFITas APPEAL3 FOR RELP. TO THE EDITOR. SiRy—Toa kindiy at eoaaider&Ma leBgih, in yoar colnmnB of to-day the proceedings of a iMgoly attended convened to consider the beet meats of alleviating th3 diatj-eab Mtid to exiat ia the diatnoc of Tongwynlaia, Whiichnroh, t'en';Jroh, TaS'e WeM, Ac. Whatever donbta may have exiated of the reality of the diatreeB Lone now remain. May I ask for ft amaU space to let the pnbUo how the reantta of a Btoond viEitihavethia aiternoon paid those diatrictd, and the deoihiona arrived at by tt committee of tha leading inhabi. tamaata meeting held at over which I waa called to preaide ? Uno reatdt u a conviction that there ia alageamjnntofreal dcati'.ntion prevailing in the homes oi tuany aeorea of familiee. A hnrrMd report wae to-day preeented by the gentlemen appointtd la6t niKht tü make inonirtea, hiohÐOntained aome very patn<ul narra.uvea of the condition of homea viaHed by them. Fifty CMee were Mpotted aa teqnirtng immediate relief. In aa many homea ttiete wM no foxt, and no coal or candlea. Aa there were no mea.aa at hand, I made myasit reepunaiole for the maintenance of these nft.y f&muiea antil aoma. thing conid be done for them om Monday. I mention thM) to show the urgency of the o&M. When Monday cornea and another nfty ta.muie6 axe added to tha preaent liat of ennererB, what can be done ? Will yon allow me to pnt thia qneation to th& well-to-do neighboura of theee anSeiins' once and to the public generally ? I am enre the anawer from many will be, We wiH aae'at you in relieving theBe pcor people whoaroauffe?!ng from no fault of their own, nor even from any action auch aa atrikee, but are the viotima of oiroum. atancea over which they have no control." It will be neceeaMy to iaene a formaJ appeal, and take the atepa nauaUy rebortcd to when auch oalamitiea viait a locaiity, unlesa the oanaes of theae aunetinge wi!l be removed by the opening of the now closed works. A oarefn'!y aeleotcd committee appointed by the men tbemselvea wiU ait daily to tranaaot the bUEinesø for which they were appointed, and to administer the relief which will be entruated to them. Beporta will be publiahed oentaining a. list of aubaortbere, ani of amv donationa teat may be forwarded in the ahape of food and olcthiner. The childten are ia great want ot the Ittttat. I caw MHM aoozea ot the unemployed men to- day, whoee aommtenamoee amd general appearfmco unmia<xkttbly thowad groat want and What I pray for io immediate help to meet the moat urgent oMea. A treasurer will be appointed, but in the meantime I shall be glad to receive a.ny euma that Djay be cent me, whish wiM be BepRj'ately acknowledged, and, if required,, will appear !n the printed liet.—I am, &o., JOHN GRIFFITHS. Archooactjn of Llandaff. The Ctmonry, LlandaS, Cardiff, Nov. 1.

NEW DISCOVERY IN BUTTER MAKING. Dairying ie the one braaoh of agricultural industry which, by con'mon consent, ia to be a mainstay of British farmera againat foreign com- petition. New apparatus, new prooeBaea, new ayatema are being introduced in the oream-raiaing, butter.mf king, and cheese makmg of 3ur dairies, and where novel methods are not deemed indie. pena&ble, attention of a. now and important kind —namely that of the master of the farm—ia being devoted to the more per feet carrying out of the methods "now in nae. It 'baa been found out that English dairy. maida need to be instructed, eepeoially in the art ot making butter. They do not atwaya churn eweet cream; they do not churn at the right temperature; they do not )atop the action of the churn at that particular point whan the butter haa juat o<.me in little nuggeta like rough marbleB; they do not withdraw the buttermilk and then waah the butter in the churn with repeated dosea of salt water, until the water rnna out clear; they do not refrain from mixing ia powdered salt after tMa; and they do Mot work out every drop of buttermilk by flntod wood roller, instead of squeezing and rubomg the butte!* ty hand. The improved practice ia extended, and ae awakened are the pu t>lic becon.icg to tha importance of keeping at home the many millions of money now in fctMgn dairy produce that oven gntle. men by no meaua dependent farming are starting herds uf dairy ",U.,f&. Yea hear of baroneta and mea cf leaaRr note build iEg cow-housea at their country ae%te, %nj entenr g upon the milk trade with tLeir 5'). or IM) milch cow a. Some large milk expect henceforth to drw a large part o* rilid supply from the t'arma of country gentlemen. Kow, a diacovery haa been itttely made wh:oh brings a new element into the calculation ot cue futuie of the trade in batter. From the high position which the Ayleabury Dairy Company occupiaa that company aie continually applied to with reference to schemes, plans, and patents for improvementa in dairy work innumerable trivia have been made of the propoaala of inventors, and hitherto they have proved of Ihtle practical value. At laat, however, a prooosa of preserving butter haa proved auooosstal, the reault involving great oonaequenoea which no one yet can adequately foresee. On the 24th of July Mr. G. M. Allender, the managing director of the company, put a churning of butter to the teat, treating it in accordance with a new patent brought before him. The butter, in a, mualiu doth, WM placed in Srkin, without a particle of salt, and every precaution taken to ensure that there could be no tampering with the experiment. The nrkin remained on the premises at St. Peters. burgh place, Bayawater, for three months, and, when examined on October 2 it, it was aa sound and sweet aa when nrat put in. Practically this butter was exposed to the atmoephere during the whole time, seeing that air found free admittance into the Srkin. Without treatment the butter would have gone completely putrid; but on smelling and taatmg it wae found to be perfectly aweet, nrm, and excellent in Savour. Experts in the business, both in thia country and in Ireland, have had samples, and pronounce the preservation wonderful; the only difference they nnd being that newly-made butter (and thia nrstrateofita kind) haa a peculiar aroma not quite equalled in the preserved butter while the latter ia oonl- sidered a little "dead," so that just t trace of salt in it would be an improvement. The eSect will be to drive all salt butter out of the market. In order to make it .keep, the Irish and ail imported butter is now mixed with 5 or 6 per cent. of salt. Under the new system, 1 per cent. of salt will be ample for the purpose, and the cost of the preservative wiU not exceed half-a-crown for a 56ib. nrkin, orhttle moreth&a a halfpenny were pound, fhe dieerecce M vaJue between a. very mildly.salted and a coarse and strongly.pickled butter ia at least 4d.perpoemd. acd hence it appears pOBbl?le that fortunea may be made by substituting preserved for aalted butter, ahke m the immerse quantities shipped from Ireland and in that brought from fojtCtgn countriea. It ia not possible to estimate thMgam of being able to displace from ourtttblee and irom our euokeriea the objeotiionable salt butter, the change being especially grateful to voyagM on chip board and to countriea such aa Brazil, wmch import the whole of their butter. One great feature of the trade in future will be the purchaaeand storage of butter in summer, when prices are low, for in winter, when prices rule lher-wlth opnaiderable eBeot to- wards equalising that ?fo60&Honed pricoa to oun- Burners. Reserved better, cf course, will not be aMe to ccmp<ito tho choicest new fresh butter, but, neTorthcIeBa, ths xeault ct displacing salted butters must be iWmCll.B3. The great merit of the in-peEtion conaiats in it? aim?lictty. The butter, wotked wnh a. triCing quantity of the patent ma.(;;H¡¡1 to bo perfectly harmless) difdoi.ly after churMBg, keeps good &ud a.veet for months without any particular cr acy o&ro bcKtowed ttpon ita eitna'jou lOr except tLst, jiika other butt.er, it I.a.a to be k&pt, m a n:oderatoly ocol place. FlObabl.J thia new taetelelM, aad Rntiscptio IDa) work üthJ wiJud,.c,¡ lXlodi tie¡¡.

THE CYFARTHFA IRONWORKS. L3UBTJNG THE Bf.AST FURNACE 3 TBE itl, STAR'] IN ti OF THE RA.IL MILLS. (.!KCM OUR MMB*TUTH I'-M Lt.,tz;eii.g by the fol'a BeeiDg t!lt) ti l' ni mfee, &td i: t6 seen and ffc:<y wtthja' but ldu an oven within. Wiil B ..tti Ha.a[hea ia there, tbf gravedigger of Cefn Cemetery. He was an old puddler, and when the worka stopped took to glvvc-diggiag but at the Srat sound he w:.a back .g-a.¡n. No," I!a.i WU1. "No mZ) dea.d mcB, and he need adjecuvea freely, did WiM, 'jeta?goamoEgat t?e living and make r&Ua aR&!Q. And ? w? ? ?? ? ?,?? acren??h, with a corehtution like the stuff he handles wotka auy and laugha and famoa a;id I had a](!et written aweara with mirth. A character ia Will. During the time of the shg. nation he haa made aoqaaintanoe with the tr'mt aa well as with the dead men, and, perhaps it ia juet aa well for Mr. Crawsh%yls trout atream that Will ie well employed. What a buatte, what a datib, what a roar M there; the aaw aurieka aa it onta eff the red hot enda of the rail, and it ia all daah, and haate, and roar. I leavethejrolla, where the rails, of excellent grit, equal to the beat over turned out from Cyf<u-thfa. aie being made, and turn &'vaY towards thefnr- naoea. Rumour haa said tha.t the furuMaa are being lit, and rumour if true. Three futnacea I found already lighted, and the preparatioBa goicg on for more. In the oonrae of the week the blast will be on, and I then Cyfarthfa will have started in earneat. I am glad of it, glad in my heart'" aaida man nAIr caO- He was an old worker at the blaac furaace, aad had been at the Vochriw Pit ever aiuca the stoppage. I have been getting 1:3:1 a-waek ever siHee," he said, and loat three of my tooa in the ccal wotk. Now I am on ag3,in 5s a,'lh¡ Hurrah i" And the man looked as thnigh he cculd have waltzed in hia glee. Kverythiog ia gciBg on vigorously at Cjfafthfa. For.y.uae horfea welÐ bought on Mond&y for the oat:4car w'rk. Mr. Crawshay ia in e'rneBt, and tt -Tilt takeoBiya few weet-a to ana the works jaetaR thtV wtft) in the gocd d ye of the pMt. Anothtr correepoRdent wmea:There WM an alJp'ct of innrf-aecd activiy apparoat at ttp Cytftrthta W(,rkp on Mondtty, wheM the rolho oi iicn rails, with the old bra.nd upon ttam, w&a again cf)mojen''od in earM'at at the Caetie MiU. Jmmi..lit-ly upoo their bBiol( roUed alld cut, theytn'e couve}')d iu the low r Ebep, vbere they are naisaedoS, and loaded it b.rgpa for coi,veye..noo by the Giaworg..ndhire CtUttI (in which the Messrs. Cralvarixy h*ve ao vey y unge lin interetit) to Cardiff, whence they will be clebtatched to their deatin&tiona. The number of mtn now omployed at the works ehuwB a menioible mcroase, thera being aomething like 300 hands engaged. la addmon to nrea having been; put into two blaet futnaoea—Noa. 5 and 7—und the coke oveia which for the past fortnight havf been in opsra- tion, the billing furcacea have been iucrea,<ed from four to ten in ad iition to whtoh the forge and 16 puddling furD&caa havo been ka?t ono- UnuaUy going. The nusiber cf men empUyed is boiBg oomtinua!!y increaaed and when the two furnacoa are put in blaat Mxt Monday, the number of workmen will be again very aetiaibly added to. A conaiderable number of viaitora have bten attracted to the Cyfarthfa Worka Mnue thai? re-Btarting and the nrat blowing in of the 5'aat into the furnaoea next Monday will donbtleae be viewed with aomething more than an ordinary amount of intereat.

TEE MOVEMENT IN THE IRON TRADE OF SOUTH WALES. IS IT PERMANENT ? The E1¡ilee, Cotliety Guardian, IrciL Revietv, and other leadicg technia)tl jontnalF, have devoted a great deal of epaoe of late to a diaouaaion of the question whether or not the present movement in the iron trade ia a permanent one, and the attention of the general preae of the c auntry aeoma of late to be directed to the aamo point. It is tbua an opportune moment to give the opir4on of one of the principal coal ownera of the didtrsct, a gentleman having one of the greateat, if not the greateat, stakes in the commercial proaperity of South Walea. You aak me what ia my opinion of the present movement in the i:on tra.de, and 1 will tell you. Ferhapa I may be in a better tosition than most men to know and anawer this. Thia is not atated egotiatically, but mv commnmcationa with America arw auch that they give me a moat thorough acquaint&nce with the exact atate of trade there. Well, America is in a moat proa. peroaa atate; it has had a euccaaaion of tiua batveete, and financially it was never in a better state. Now it begina to look about to rep<dr the omieaiona of the paat, and a leading omiaaion ta in the matter of railwaya. It had a railway mania before, but it waa of a very dtSerent.,kmd to ibta. Then there was tho great need of rad. waya, ar.d there was no cash in hand to tuDpty. So what did they do ? They came to yomr Craw- ahaya and yom' Gueata, who took aMok or aharea for thetr iron, and it waa thca, on a foundation of paper or credit, that the early railroads were laid. Now America haa gold to give yon in exchange for your iron auch is the rrgont need for r&ila and bar th&t they must of neooaaity come to Eag.'Mjd or Belgium; and, so tac aa a.ppelirbnOeS go, England will have the lioa'a chare of the ordera. 1'he exceptional tariff cannot: keep out Engiiaht or, let me eayWeIaa, iron. We Otui make at a pront and pay the tariff too. Already iron ia 27a 6d per ton higher. But I hold that the tariff ia doomed, and that the Western States will be able (and that before long) to break down the barrier. The tariff benenta only a few—injurea the many. It is a permanent item in the coat of every raiJrottd that is made, of every bir that is manipulated and faehionod into articles of domeatic and mechanical uao, and thua the tariff is a burden to the American people. Thia the Western States Bee, and are agitsting- and atriving to get rid of it. For to them it is an additional burden. They want to see Bfitiah ahipa come over laden with rails that they may re-load them with corn and meat. The Weatern States are atrong, &nd must au< oeed. From America cornea the principal demand at present, and even if the great nuah ia followed by a decline, ao inao manyphaaea of American life, ettll even from this aource we may have at least four or five good yeara of trade, and the benefit received by the iron trade muat of neoeaeity re-act upon the coal trade and trade generally, and enaure a etill longer continuance. Thua, I Bay it emphatically, we have reached the end of the hard timea, and we are now climbing up the hill again. Just note that India wanta rails quite aa much as America doea and India is also nnanoially better off now than she haa been. Her ailk crop is exceedingly good; and aa it ia bad, or on4y partial, in other countries, it follows that Spain, Fiance, and Ibly in particular, will be Bending money into India, which will come back to ua for bara and raila. .Next aa to coal. In the making of iron 25 owt. of ccke is need, and to make 25 owt. of coke you requite about a ton and a half of coal. Your iron work. put again into a good condition, that ia a? regards action, can turn out eaaily enough 30,CUO tona of iron a week in the old iron diatrio! that is frcm Tredtgar, Rhymney, Dowlaia, Cyt'arthfa, Plymouth, and Abefnant. If, in addition, you mclude Landore, Biaina, Fentyroh, Blaenavon, and Panteg, it is not too much to state that up- warda of iOU.OCO tona of coal wid be used weekly, a quantity fairly identical with the present weekly quantity seut by aea ffom Newport, itwitueea, aad 0'Mdut. Thia iBcreaae will t.a eoceptable to coal Owners, and be benecciai in ratee to the men it the dtdog Bcale be put into action. I :ay reauscitate the alioiBg scale but take away the limita. let thore be no minimum and no maximum, and thua every abiUing advance in erica will be a beneht to the collier, whomnetinturn share in penoaaot de. preeei<,n. I think it poaaible that a amaU &dvauoe may begin with the new year; aigna are promiamg. But before that the colliers wiM have a b{,nedt. There are thousands of iron workecenow worbrntf in aome capacity or other in the coai works, and theae are coming out daily. This ia a roltef to the othera, who will have more trama, and aoad up more coal, and get more money, ao that before an advance takes place the oondiMon of the collier will be very much altered? Reviewing the atate of thinga it is one which givea great comfort. We have passed through an unparalleled time of trial anddiaaater. Onr trade feU off, our colliera lost one year'a labour by thou- ahort.aightedneaa, and, in fact, .M taa been tew who could keep ?P'? through the otorm. Nowtheendof that epoch has come, and I am cocSdent of better timea. Wemuatnotbetoo aanguime—that M, hope for too much at onea, and be downcaat m not seeing it realised. While the east wind blW8 we cannot get ahipa to take off coal. anduntil furnaces are ready iron cannot be made. watt—every day improves." We commend this important expression of opuHon to the most earnest perusal of all our readera. If ? ?ad liberty to publish the name, no commendation on our part Would be required.

THE RISE IN THE PRICES OF IRON. OnvWolverhampton correspondent telegraphs on Wednesday The cut-nail makers have agaia put np their prioea. The nrma who act together Notify a rise of 15a to 25a, but in one place the rise ia only lOe, or a total of 20s per ton. Gal. vaJJised aheeta are advanced to .£17 in London for 24 wire gacge, making an aggregate rise of .£3. Iron, odd work, is advanced from 5 to 10 per cent. net. Iron merchants have.pnt up aniahed iton another lOa per ton.

WAGES IN THE STAFFORD- SHIRE IRON TRADE. MR. CHAMBERLAIN'S AWARD. Mr. Chamberlain, M.P, presided on Taeaday at a special meeting of the Somh Staffordshire Jron Itade Wagea Board, to consider theapplica- tion of the operatives for an advance of wagea, m&de on the ground that trade was rapfdiy i'a* proviBg and pricoa were advancing. The maatefa urged that the application was premature, a3 the demand, though satisfactory, waa speculative and tuDporary. Mr. Chamberlain, ae arbitrator, advised caution, and awarded the men an advance of eixpence per ton, from seven shillings to aevon shilliDga and sixpence, to come into operation on the 17th inst.

THM COAL AND IRON TRADES. JMPROV! D PBOPECTS [N SOUTI Tbfrc hta be tin, thnr nmarinble inpro I U "I t ilo dH' 1'1'111 11l'1 ¡ru, 'r,Ml uf Norta f. rOt-hu,. UII Ni- :II:hH8. H, .t-ert ll')",tli.nd ??'8 )a.mt tt? ?,? ,,t .t-tt 1? 8d pefOBt '"0 'HO.J <br 6ruf? h.tM tcne tbo tt'nO. ?hth' it-t.ct'?truuwutt'a af< r*?i'3gpttoe'<?nd Ali Iii- I"bCil ii trUTWU,I,,j af< ri4i,iig piioe,and IV tfr CHIl" 1.111 r.JtL),liul( cOQrcti tor 4DVibr two mun'ha except at M ttfyacc. At bj,s, rt3 Robert HeaA and :ODr-' works, Bya pU<111j¡ag furnaces W*e pat iD (,n N oT de y, rp ak il)q 34 alerted by ..he nrm ciuring 'hf t&et f"ri.IJlj( n r there are now only etvtii out, and tht-k4#a will bo bta'-ted.wapuddlerw OIlD be el gb ge d at tho current rate of wagee, wb'ch aretLaoh grumbMat. At<aeWhitdel4 C'ile-itB 15;) tr,rt OVl¡¡H" etarttdonMondaW morr.tBg, and there am cn< 500 more men engaged at the ptta than a fortnight, fiaoe. For the nrat time tor three years the whole have started to work day end night, aa have several adjoining cotiierma. Wrtting in referenoe to the improved atate of trade, the Patt Mall Gazette of Mond%ynight aays —The pact week h<&a O-eu «ae of ieaa excitement in the iron market; thf la actuations hae bee« Icaa violent, IIoLd buamcea ia eetding down in <t steadier course Fhe demllnd for the Uiite<! States oontiouca unabated, and this Tiootb'at exports are expected to be very large. In maM- faotnred iron the improvement is marked. Front Barrow it ia reported that both Beaaemer and force qualities of iron are in considerable demand i at late frices. Mahera have already entered into MraBgfmenta which would practically fanuah emplt'JDK:nt for half a year to come. Steel maketa are futi of work. 8hipbnHdera hava sotted new ord?ra, and revival M thown in nBiahed uon and cut: inhering, ironfonndingt Donenaaku,? ??? rolnr?.?tock manutactunaar f «c!Ba. Inh-nth Waica the iron and ateel trade" m"1fest a fnbatanttat improvement, and from tnC HIll U3 work a come mu<tt enoooraging rimortg, Pncta malDblD an Upward tendency. Finiahe-t I iton and steel are in gt,oJ roq aeat; and bare ar8 better lljqt1 red tcr. At b..tli",lQ there ioitinno to be i,joit) Hctftty in the i.on and at-BeIstadf th<.L f?r a' me tt.? p?t. ?? le?di?g h?oaea !& the B?e.it-er et'e' tul tr?? afa ?eU snpplM? Wlïh cic, r, UTUi tie HOW Ye, seta in, and the lIIits t U!\1Ii! go luU

MEETING AT AB.-hD.ibE. On Tn<'fd&y, a tneeti..n ir of miners' delegate)) from hiGEmuutbLhire iti Sûar.h Walea WM hel at the búre Arnttt !,uf,¡jc-bJIl..e. Abeidafe, M th< rliF(.d..swn of two higlly tmportant cio rt hpf-etii)g tt e oUtiefa at t&a preeent time, vis. the adDEabui y otatekint; an tm<aediate advano< of wi-sit s, allø the dfeitabtury of re-establishin he CcBmtittt'ou Board fur 'hadiatnot. Thef< were '<ma 20 ttflt<(;at.ts preaent, reprosentin ab<Dut35<?()woihmt:nit)<3onth Walea and Mon" Ynouthpi,ire. The mee'ing w<*d an adj<Ku'nment of the dt legate meetntg heM at M.onntaia Ash < tT.OBth ago. lhe reoui!. of tbo gathering, aa 0!t< Merthyi repreaotttative WM omoiaUy mformedt "aM rLat a large mjority of me minera re eeuted \hJ:Q in r¥ùut of the ? e.ta.Lli.h'CDer.t of the Conciliation Boatd for S' cth Wales and MonmonthehifO* It waf agreed to ifeae a oiroalar to the nunaft uf (.u,¡h Wales and Monmomhehu'e ao fellowa "Corc.l'attonboaid aM advanoeofwagew.—T<* the n it CM of MoLmonthahtre and Sottth Walee" FeMow Workmen.—At a delegate meeting, hold at the 8nte Arme, Abetd*re. on Taeeday, the 4 of November, it waa agreed that t oirou!M b< tabued to the minora of the whole diii caIliBg thtir attention to the foU3 impottant queationa :—F'rat, Bhall a board c' octiCUiatiom be fotmed tor the dMtnot mp<? the present pricea of c.al aad Wtgea; aD< aeconcly, shall we wait upon the empioyera t" atek an immediate advance of wagear" It to give the vationa ooliieriea in Soath Walee aca Mot monthehite tittte tu diecnae theae propoaitioB* amoc<:8t themeelvea, the moding waa adjour until the 18th of Nov.-mbi r mxt, when the replied ')f the var one cotlitrieb upon the qaeatiione snip mitted to them v-ill he rbcui,,ed andconaidered. 1. may be ai-'td that aefen did-,riola have seat ig their con; rbutions to the celaga. meeting for f<?Tn?atit<n uf naeheral ani?n ?mongat the miae<? for Moninouthehire and ?onth Waleo.

TRADE PROSPhCI'S AT LLXN--D TitIbANT. A corrfepondent writee Improvement ahowicg itaeif in the tm trfMie at LiantfteaBt' where the men have been L n fnll time for so weeha. 6everal atterationa nave lately been r:aad6 in the tiu.bGu&o. aod now an additional mill is bo built, and the contractor commenced work oC A'ond'y mcming. There is a rumour here that the Llanlay CoILery ia aoont to be re-atarte<* I y & part of th" (\ld company, namely. The ft, 1 an ,or Iron Company. Thi&ta one of the largest colli intheceighbcnrhood, andwunid employ agre<' 1 number of handa. j

ADVANCES OF WAGES IN TSS j FOBJb&T OF DBAN. i t In onBaiderntion of the improved poaition of ,b. c iron and tolD fla.te bMnohea two important a&! vancers of wageu have been conceded in the Cindef t ford Vlley. In the 6rst plitoe an advance of percent wtg giren by MesBrø. Crawah&y Sc.:a M th?ir fntn?cos, coiiaieacingfrom Mond<? ? T?e m<?n hiMi appHtrd to Mr. Orawahay a few day* ? ago. whu at once met tinm in a conciliatory ap?'? t aLd ia rMported to have aai4 Withdraw y? ? applicati, n and I wiM volutarüy give IOU" ¡ acvance of 5 per cent." In theaeoond ea<e* of)Ø4 < ccoaion of 7? per cent. haa bean made by Mea8t% ) Jacob Chivera a-nd Company, tm-ptate makeM ? Bawkwell, in the Bibon VaUey. TheM Bt'B' were ttartod at the beginnmg of the year, and is nndeKtoed that the aavanoe conceded <?' t Monc&y will be upon the original wage, the tee" < havmg beeo? pnt on abort time a few moatha '<* < aa an eqcuvalcnt to a alight redaction th<* 1 iwmÏJ¡(;nt.

— < THE TIN-PLATE TRADE. S MEETING or WORKMEN AT SWANSEA, i On Saturday a maeting of wortmeB, n&mb<rB' over 300, foxming the independent ? Tin.ilate Wurjktrs, wokVA.ea ..1; the Oddfello ? ha.i, Btrdin.Hand, Swansea. Mr; W. Le I (Llewya Afon) presided. The minntea of t!' $ previone meeting, which stated that the m 7 wera to ciacontinne working on Saturday eve< irga that the amount of work acknowledged b the association ahouid be 160 boxea fo, bom on!' ? and tin houaea; that the eight houra' ahifc t) while wcrkiBg the eix shitta per week should 0 ? 30 bcxee, the two othera of five Bhifta of 3 ? boxea; that tinhouae men in no instance whatev< t4 execute mere than 160 b xea per week, we< ? agieed to. There were doiegatea present all the works of the aurronuding countit.,g. ? long diecnaeion upon the ru<tea formed a ? part of the buaiceM. The apiary of tha a;onet< '\j aeoretary waa agreed upon, but the :tmoo<< of contribution, and nom¡ulMing and ink3-, the executive omot.ra, «adpootponod unttt? M nextmeettBg, whtuh wid oe held on S?turd? ? d week. The case of the annealers at tht3 &1 Tin.worka waa reported upon by one G t"' ? delegattia. ?t w,? B'atea that Mr. Ev? <t) Edwards, ct Lancote, htd inrroduoed men ?d wo<? ? for ieEB than the Maatera' A4ti-uoistioxi r1..)". '1' 't proprietor of the w(,rka had led the men to c-oli-a ti that hM old men v-ere gotcg away M sZl»' t another tin pi&te worka. When the men ttao<<, tamed how mat-tera stood they woulti 0" \t¡ oommeDce work, and the conaequence w th t; the old workmen ancoeeded in getting the pri ? paid at the Beaufort Tin-plate Worka. TIO annealere, it ia atated, would yet have to get t t) ratea of payment inoreMed to that averted ? by the aeacoiation. Tb.e ,picidere a:; the s worka will give notice to-morrow forBit'ular ra ? aBd it is probable that the whole of tie worked ic who are working nnoer theae ratei will taK* b atepa to enfotoe the increased ratea at ooo<* ? The men aeem very firm m starting their uni 1 bracchoa of which will be opened in each <j the worka in the United Kingdom, and by whiO they are anxious to improve the trade. A pro ?i was raised by the workmen againat the ooaduct c ? their employera in not returning to them at ? ? earner date the 7* per cent. Thelfetat 1; t' h commenting on the atate of the trade, øayt: << "TLin plateahave been very largely prodnced, are moving off in bulk. MiUtera are well 8UP ? with cidera, and ask more money for their good'* ? We quote ordinary I.C. coke, 24a to 25a.; b ? I.C., 248 6d to 25a 6d; JLC. charcoal, 35a 6d to on ? beat ditto, 27a to 28a. Large aalea are beM made on American account, and our speoialU cabled advices indicate a continuance of a bn<f demand from that country." ? We are informed that it ia not the Maohea T' ¡ late Worka which are shortly to be re-et!!kfte' ? by Mr. George Goen, of Swanaea, bmt tt? ? Waterloo Tin plate Worka, at Machen. ?

THE COMING GENERAL ELECTION. ? We have received from the Centra Nan" ? eecoBd edition of the list of Parliamentary a& ?. dates for the next general elecucn, corrected ft to the let ofNovembar. From this return" ? appeals that there are 889 cacdidateB in the 60" ?. for the 652 aeata. 1° 30 boroogha returning oB' <M member there are no L:berai candidates yeS a? Mum ed, while SSbotonghg returning one meaitf Me ae yet without conservative candidates. P )' five borofghs'etDmtBg two membera the Li ? have no oacdtdateta the Seld, and in 17 boroae;? ?< oLiy one candidate in each. In one boronP ? retcrBirer three mectbera they have one candied vhile in ODe borough returning the sa ?. number they have two. In 16 boroag? ? tetur?ng ?o membera the Conservative ? have no candidatea, and in 25 aao' ? borongha ody o? ,Q each. In nve boroag? ? returnui? tbMo membera they have but t<? ? aBpirants fcr Parliamentary honoma. la ? ? ???y divisions returnin); one meaiber each ? ic' U rL? ??? norepreaentativea in nve iaatano? ? and the Cocenrvati?es are without oandidatea' w eleven county diviaiona. In 41 diviaiona t ? 'Bg two membefa the Liber&Ia have no candidate ? ? ? in 23 inatttncea only cne. In nve diviai<? ? tetcrsiEg three membera the Liberia have oP' ono Ottitdtdate, and in two divisions two c-%u Oates. In 26 di-girions retarning two m<:mbe r:.t the Oonr..ervativee La-ç9 no c,\ndÙ1.toB, and .n ?? ?! only ore. In &ix dn'ieic'na re u'-ning three me bern they h.ve oc!y two cUlr:idatea. 1:J t.. '*< analytiia the Homo Rul, tmvo been takA., 60 tt portton of th- Libfrat 'IH'Y. For tha City <t ijondcH, Tetn;mrg forr u there aro -tt CoEacrvatifcf. and cits L't;<- tc the nsld. <