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B L B sT' A Delightful Surprise Your linen will last longer-look quite as well-and H| cost you far less-if you starch it at home with ROBIN, ll the new powder starch-the starch with the gloss in it. =3. ROBIN I STARCH I J? is a powder starch-easy to mix-easy to use, and sure 3 to give satisfaction, if used according to directions. Try it for your Table Linen-it will make it just as you like it. e StarP-h BARKER'S BIG BARGAINS. Strong Cheap Field Gates. The Lincolnshire House. fL OVER 200 4x3ixoft., WIEKLY. 70/' 20^~0rr^er |gH6 x hii^' 8ft long. 9ft long. 10ft long. II111 13/- \ij. 15/. Creosoting, Creoroting. 1R 3d extra 4s. extra. Planed for Painting, Is 6d extra. 7tt x Sffc x ifl high, 10ft X 5ft x 7ft high Hanging Irons, 8s 6d per set, 155/- 225/- Strong Sheep Hurdles. k C"T°^\ „• ° i These nouses are made of the best Jin. to^gvea, grooved, V-jointed Maichbo rd on strong frame- 8ft long 6s. 6d. m < work, and mounted on four heavy 12in, wheels, Creosoting 9d extra |a The Fancier House. 20s Order Carriage *gl^FgF*f ^'E rir ■?■ Paid. | | OUR PRICE, A The Reliable 24/- ||§| I|j JJ Coop. Ix3x 3ft high, RR 1 IfH H M I 48 6d. each I Carriage Paid. jmrjl (I [||||j| HH11111 53s- per dozen- 9'wn I I Creosoting 6d extra pE^T jnd CHE VPEST house, on tbe mar. SSI^I S |HH| Sj R Shutters'or ^et, can only lv tua*^e aC »l>ove low I SLflb n,r„ »t.i„ T?i price because of the enormous quantity we sell. Movable x loors, They are m'de infections of the B»st K-d Deii Hd each extra. Matchboards in ssctions to s?rew together, and are «TT!f»ir WIBP Tf\p DITK complete with two up and down shutteis sliding «** i i At J eEo over lin, mefh wire netting, trap door for fowl's «»ft long, 4s 4ft os bft 8a, entrance, perchts, and lock up attendant's ^ioor. Strong Sitting Boxes. Long W<<ie High Floors Ne*t Box 0 » 4ft x Aft x 3ft 24s 6s 5s 61 1 division 4s. i eft x 4ft x 4ft 37a 6d 12» 5* fid j. a 'fi [rrrfft 6ft x 4ft x 5ft 55s 12* 8s 3d oJVISJOBS 8s. tnTffjfffflimiI Llljg^i 10ft X 5ft x 5ft 100s 25s lis 3 divisions lls.6d. All Cairiage Paid to any Station, o divisions 16s.(id. Creo»oting, 2* extra, PORTABLE SHEDS from 35s 6d. All 20s. Orders Carriage Paid. MOTOR CAR HOUSES from 42i. t F. W. BARKER & Co., Ltd., Carlton, Nottingham. c997 MEMBER OP W ATKINS, PLUMBER AND DECORATOR, 7, Custom House Street. Workshop-Sea View Place STORES FoR MANTLES, GLUBES, SHADES, Etc. IMKSmxv/ of all kinds and at all prices, ^S^§s8§iW*0// Als0 BLECTRI° LAMPS. '^QKf 7 8a, TERRACE ROAD. I STEAM SAW MILLS, ABERYSTWYTH, R. ROBERTS and SONS, TIMBER AND SLATE MERCHANTS. EVERY DESCRIPTION OF JOINERY DONE QUICKLY AND CHEAPLY. OARS' and BOATS' SAILS made on the Premises j also all kinds of SACKS, COAL BAGS, &o. ESTIMATES GIVEN. JOBBING DONE: FELLOES, FOR CART WHEELS, TRAPS, AND OTHEB; VEHICLES. Sm ii r | PETER JONES' Briton Slate Works CAMBRIAN STREET, *|| I n ABERYSTWYTH. Plain and Enamelled Slate i Chimney Pieces, and eyery |jfi description of monumental Ml wort in Slate, Marble, and Best Coal at lowest Price* Coke also Supplied |
THE Friday, June 30th, 1916.…
THE Friday, June 30th, 1916. LOXDOX PROVISIONS, Monday.— Butter all descriptions quietly steady without material change in quotations; Dutch shipments are to be resumed, but none have been landed; Danish quoted 174s to 178s, Siberian 116s to 140s, French 146s to 155s, Irish 142s to 160s, New Zea-. land 160s to 120s, Canadian 160s to 164s, and Argentine 154s to 156s. Bacon- Irish and Danish firm; Canadian steady; American quiet; shipments of Dutch are resumed: Irish quoted 100s to 110s, Danish 104s to 110s. Dutch 100s to 106s, and Canadian 94s to 100s. Hams steady- American long-cut quoted 86s to 98s, and ditto short-cut 84s to 88s. Lard quiet- American pails quoted 798 3d, and ditto boxes 78s. Cheese slightly steadier on improved Canadian oadviceg Canadians quoted 98s to 102s. New Zealand 100s to 104s, and United States 94s to 100s. Eggs quiet; supplies small—Irish quoted 17s to 17s 6d, Danish 17s to 19s, Russian 13s 6d to 15s, Egyptian lis, and English 18s to 18s 3d. LIVERPOOL PROVISIONS, Monday- American bacon showed no practical alteration in prices despite shrinkage in values of hogs, owing chiefly to higher rates in products. Only a quiet country business. however, was done. Shoulders steady, with quiet sales. Hams firm and unchanged. Irish and Danish continue steady, and Canadian held for Saturday's level. Lard spot was 6d dearer for choice Western on better cables. Cheese remained in only quiet request without change in values. Butter steady, and again moved off quietly, while eggs were firmer for Irish hen at 15s 9d to 17s. Refined lard futures opened 4!d to 6d dearer—July done at 73s 3d and Septem- ber 74s 3d. OSWESTRY, Wednesdgy-The numbers in the Smithfield were: 176 fat cattle, 462 store cattle, 166 dairy cows, 135 calves, 2,130 fat sheep, 600 store sheep, 210 faT, pigs, 355 store pigs. Official quota- ti.OllS :-Shorthorns, fat (per live cwt) 1st quality 69s, 2nd 64s, 3rd 54s; store cattle: yearlings. L14 10s. £ 13, 211; two year olds. £24, £ 20; shorthorn dairy cows (per head) (in milk) t33, £2.6, L21 10s; calvers: -027, t22, £ 18; fat sheep: Downs, 124d, lld: Welsh: 12d, lld; crossbreds 121d, 4 lljd; store sheep: Welsh, ewes with lambs, 45s, 38s; shearling wethers, 26s. 23s; bacon pigs (per 14 lbs.) 12s 7d, 12s 3d; porkers 12s 9d, 12s 3d: store pigs (per head) 8 to 12 weeks old 50s, 41s; 12 to 16 weeks old, 95s, 70s; fat I-a nibs 13d, 12d; calves for rearing 92s 6d. 72s 6d. 45s. OSWESTRfc, Wednesday.—Wheat 7s I 2d to 7s 4d per 75 lbs; oats 21s to 22s per 00 lbs.
t ICOMMANDEERED WOOL.'
t I COMMANDEERED WOOL. The Executive Committee of the National Farmers' Union and representa- tives of the War Office and the Board of Agriculture have met in London to discuss the Government's intentions with regard to purchasing the 1916 clip. It is under- stood that the War Office is preparing lists of approved wool-staplers, who will act as authorised agents. It is proposed to divide the United Kingdom into areas, in each of which an executive officer will be appointed by the Government to organise the purchase, and the various interests concerned will be represented on an advisory committee. On behalf of the farmers it was urged that the scheme should be put into operation as early as possible and that the Government should arrange to pay the major portion of. the price as soon as wool had been delivered. The War Office representative announced that it is the intention of the Government to draw up a schedule of prices based on the prices ruling before the war, with the addition of thirty per cent. Farmers' representatives urged that this percentage would be insufficient to meet their in- creased expenses and the meeting unani- mously asked that the Government should fix a. higher price. At the request of the War Office an advisory committee was appointed to discuss details of the scheme.
Advertising
LOVEDAY, Registered Plumber and General Decorator, 22, Chalybeate Street, ABERYSTWYTH. Telephone 21 P.O. This Season's Pattern Books sent out immediately on application. GARDEN SEEDS J. VEAREY, Has now in Stock a large variety of NEW GARDENT SEED, OF THE BEST QUALITY. FRESH VEGETABLES Daily from our own Gardens. Sweet Peas a Speciality. Note Address: 17, Northgate Street, STEAM LAUNDRY, ABERYSTWYTH. B. JOJ5TES BEGS to inform his numerous Customers that owing to the increase of business he has put down additional NEW AND MODERN MACHINERY to enable him to execute all orders with promptness and despatch, and hopes to still merit your esteemed patronage and support HOTELS AND PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS SPECIALLY CATERED FOR. SHIRTS AND COLLARS A SPECIALITY. All Goods Collected and De ivered Free of Charge Send a Postcard and the V^n will call- Particulars and Prices on application. The Oldest Billposting Establishment it the Town and District. JOHN LLOYD & SONS Town Criers, Billposters and Distributors, Having the largest number of most prominent Posting Stations in all parts of Aberystwyth and District, they are able to t&ke large contracts of every description. OVER 100 STATIONS IN TOWN AND DISTRICT. Official Billposters to the Town and County Councils, G. W.R. Co., Cambrian Railway Co., all the Auctioneers of the Town and District, and other public bodies. Address-TRINITY RD., ABERYSTWYTH
- Farmers War Economy.
Farmers War Economy. WEEDS AND THEIR SUPRjESSION. The special attention of farmers is called to the great need for combating weeds, which are usually responsible for heavy loss in the yield of crops. It is most important that the maximum yield of foodstuffs should be obtained from the land. That can only be done by keeping the land free from weeds, and in a high state of cultivation, and by sowing pure seed of high germinating power. As a rule, weeds are permitted by bad farmers only, and a determined attempt, notwith- standing all difficulties, should be made to get rid of the weeds So that the yield per acre of the crops we grow may attain the highest standard. Weeds may be annual, biennial or perennial, and must be com- bated by somewhat different metheds according to their habit of growth. What- ever methods are adopted, they must be promptly, vigorously and faithfully carried out. Systematic well-timed effort is the foundation of success. The most obvious means of suppressing weeds is to prevent them seeding. When it is recognised that an ordinary charlock I plant produces from 1,000 to 4,000 seeds, and a moderate-sized poppy 10,000 to 15,000, and large plants 50,000 seeds, the torce of the adage that "one year's seed- ing is seven years' weeding" is obvious. In destroying weeds of this tvpe the fre- quent recurrence in the rotation of root and other crops which permit thorough cleaning is an advantage. Seeding of weeds growing in hedgerows, on roadsides and waste places, and round farm build- ings, should similarly be prevented. IT nder no circumstances should imper- fectly-cleaned seed be either purchased or sown. The Board of Agriculture impress on farmers the great importance of taking steps to ensure that there shall be no failure of crops due to the sowing of poor iseed. Deep ploughing is soimetimes restorted to with considerable success, many seeds lotting when deeply buried. Others, how- ever, remain dormant under such condi- tions and may subsequently be brought to the surface. Where practicable shallow cultivation and the preparation of a good tilth prior to the sowing of a crop will encourage the seeds to germinate, when they may be destroyed by further stirring of thp soil. Such a method will help to clear the ground of many annual and biennial weeds, such as poppy, charlock, and some species of thistle. In view of the present shortage of manual labour, in districts where hand- hoeing is usually largely practised, corn crops may usefully be drilled in rows wide enough apart to permit of horse-hoeing, Sa~ f T 'n' aPar^- This is especially \vi 111 cas? °f spring-sown corn. ♦Vliere horse-hoeing cannot be practised, the wetter the climate, or the more the land is subject to the growth of annual weeds, the closer the drill coulters should be set. When weeds are plentiful it is advisable immediately after harvest to disc or lightly scarify the surface with a view to encouraging the germination of annual weeds. These should afterwards be ploughed down. Hand-pulling, digging with fork or spade, and total removal of weeds are efficient mean, of destruction, but these methods are all expensive, and are only resorted to when other plans have failed or are inapplicable. In every case the weeds collected should be burnt. The application of dung nrd artificial manures induces considerable charges in the character of the herbage 07.1 matures and of the weeds on arable 1: nd. The application of five to eight cwt. of basic slag per acre to pastures on stiff day land often has a wonderful effect in encouraging clovers and generally improv- ing the herbage, while a mixture of super- phosphate and sulphate of amonia is often an effective means of reducing such weeds as buttercups, daises, and plantains. Suit- abe manuring may so stimulate cultivated crops that many of the worst weeds will be crowded out, a fact which i, of especial significance at the present time in connection with the growing of successive corn crops. Farmyard manure, believed to contain wped seeds in any quantity, should be allowed to rot well before application to the land. Weeds may often be suppressed or much reduced h", the growth of denge, heavy" smother" crops which choke them out. Close feeding with sheep will often (,he-k certain plants and prevent the-m seeding e.g.. ragwort, yellow rattle, and hardhead or knapweed.
Tribunal and the Amalgamated…
Tribunal and the Amalgamated Press. DISGRACEFUL ACTION." An engineer's turner applied at South- ward Tribunal last week tor exemption. He said he had been for two and a half years employed by the Amalgamated Press. The Mayor inquired if he were included in the list of fifty-three employees for whom the Amalgamated Press had applied -and obtained conditional exemption for twenty-one. Applicant replied that he was not. The firm, he said, only appealed for single men and left the married to shift for them- selves. He volunteered as an engineer for munition work and obtained a situa- tion, being give-n a certificate and a badge by the firm who employed him; but the Amalgamated Press claimed him, and he had to give up the munition work. The Mayor—Are you correct when you state that your firm fetched you away from munition work?—Yes, that's quite correct. Mr. P. Haynes: I think it is most dis- graceful. Councillor We-aver said he agreed that it was a disgraceful action. The Tribunal decided to allow the appli- cant a month's extension with a view to his obtaining work in a Government-con- trolled munition factory. The military representative stated that he had consulted the Mayor and the tri- bunal with reference to the certificates which had been granted to the Amaga- maed Press for the exemption of the twenty-one single young men who had been granted six months' extension, and, with the consent of the tribunal, he had reduced the certificates to two months. The consequence was that these young men had now got to join up.
Advertising
Simply boil the clothes for thirty min- utes, no rub, no scrub, no soak. The SIMPLE SIMON way. Ask your grocer; he knows. j Costs a groat; worth £ s. 2
Geography and Citizenship
Geography and Citizenship INTERESTING ADDRESS BY PROFESSOR FLEURE. The summer meeting of Carnarvonshire County Association of the National Union of Teachers was held on Saturday at the Boys Council School, Pwllheli, when Mr. ■ H. Stephens Llandudno, presided over a large and representative attendance The principal feature of the conference .1 was an address by Professor Fleure, D Sc University College, Aberystwyth, on Geography and Citizenshin." Dr. Fleure, who is one of the greatest authorities on the teaching of geography in time w^sh^uli1 18 fittiug that in these fSn of +h gT Wi,th a general con- We hivf> w e Poverty of our citizenship. VVe have worshipped statistics of imperial Donulati expo't. and import trade, of population and income, of all manner of external things, whiile the mo™ Z Jd ne< leSed o g+ to° much neglected Our towns have grown haphazard in ugliness and vulgarity Hear hear). Our chapels in thei/evSy line deny thE> great purposes they were G n b't pllUi f ° t'Xpress- We sell the Umlet Rock for quarrying though we should regard ourselves as trustees of its 11. p »>eauty tor posterity. We displace our u+Pn\-l furniture and household utensils and buy factory things with hideous designs that destroy our aesthete appreciation and make our children <rrow up robbed of the sense of beautiful vvork- bi?t&btWhMh S ,0U,d, have been their onthiight. (Apphiuse). U is a nf cheap goods and cheap food for cheap people m cheap houses and cheap towns (Laughter and hear, hear). But I am not concerned with politics which so largely dismiss the origins of and the respoif- sibJity for this state of affairs. It seems to me that we, as teachers, can set our minds rather upon the problem of the improvement of citizenship, knowing full w ell that if we can but bring that about the political problems will be transfigured the political problems will be transfigured therebj. It is this humanist effort that, it seems to me, we teachers should set before ourselves at this serious juncture. Let us try to go back to the great Teacher, now so sadly out of fashion, who said n "If £ ^le kingdom of God and all these things shall be added unto you." Some of the greatest steps forward in the history of our civilization have arisen through humanist effort and effort of scores of humble out-of-the-way teachers like ourselves; and it will help me to make my points if you will let me draw your attention to one of these chap- ters of our tradition. When the Roman power decayed the barbarians from over ne' "ii 111 steamed into Gaul, d stioymg the old Roman cities, but i actually becoming subdued by the majesty of Roman tradition. After a tew centuries we find thP warfare dimin- slung and the old tradition rising spon- taneously everywhere under the Ieader- ship of the Church. Then we find thousands of teachers spreading all over Gaul and linking up the Roman Christian radition with the folk traditions until the th° r^lT,l T +i0llt °f that fusi°n arise Ve cathedrals, those supreme expressions ,ve" »'<* 'K.oPn S all their consequences in civilising power, lliej made the Middle Ages a time of ZZTl,Ts,vsa in« °f I ° fine«ess of workmanship. They spiead the cult of the Virgin and those thoir |T TE influences which, however their later developments may call for controversy, did so much to raise the dignity of woman and so of life. I have referred to this, felly, forst of all; in oidei to draw attention to humanist effort on the part of thousands of the great unnamed; but I shall need this example for other purposes later on. First of all let us grasp the fact that most humanist efforts are deep founded in a vision of the realities of life around us. For us, as teachers of geography, let that mean a t ision of the life of our region, of the way man has moulded its circumstances to his needs, of the ways in which the expression he has given to his thoughts and his di-eains has been moulded in turn by the ciicumstances of the region. The old farmhouses of Shropshire and Montgom- eryshire are beautiful buildings dependent on the oak of the Severn valley. The style has spread over the pass westwards to RnrH H Si°PS Sh°rt aS We »et to wfni aii? tlle S(1a where the salt w inds hinder the growth of the great oaks. In Ardudwy, on the other hand, we I have the massive building dependent upon the presence of old crystalline rocks that weather into the most delightful com Plexity of subdued colour. These are but trifles by the way; but they tell us that all the life round about us is worth studying with maps to show how all these things I are distributed and how they have come to be what they are. If we do that we shall soon nse above the present low level of I appreciation which results in finding uglv and elaborate ornaments on the mantel shelves of so many of the better houses, for example, while beautiful things are exposed to all sorts of dangers. perhaps in outhouses, perhaps, as I noticed this morning, in small shop windows when they are merely holders for other things and are liable to be broken any day. But if we merely study our region of and for itself we shall do more harm than good. We shall either get 4epressed because of its poverty in certain directions that in- terest us, or we shall get narrowly enthusiastic about it in a way which will encourage the Sinn Fein spirit that is always ready to spring up and to criticise bitterly an honest attempt to contribute to the life of a region because the contri- butor happens to come from away. Nor must we see our region relations to the rest of the world solely in reference to cer- tain incidents that may have occurred in it. There is too much of a tendency to concentrate attention upon the fact that, let us say, Henry VII. slept at a certain Weisli farmhouse on his way to Bosworth. That incident may have its main human value in that it has sometimes led to the preservation of the bed which is likely to be an example of fine local craftsmanship in those days when quality of work was a decisive factor. Or on a larger scale, we should remember that the military aspect of the Norman conquest is probably, in ultimate human values, quite subordinate to the fact that it gave an opportunity to the monks of Cluny to spread all over the country teaching and developing local ideas of workmanship and of citizenship. Let me put it that we should try to follow out the way in which our region serves as a mirror, a miniature if you like, of the evolution of our civilization. Let us spread the feeling that in addition to being citizens of our region We are citizens I of civilisation. (Hear, hear). I have spoken of mediaeval France, of the fusion there of the old ideals of the City of God which had spread to it from the Mediter- ranean with the folk traditions of the Northern plain and the Ocean coasts. Thatmade mediaeval France the mother of our civilisation and its expression in the universities following the great mother at Paris made those universities above all things the trustees and exponents of that sense of membership of civilisation which would lift us all out of the slough into which we hav« fallen. Yet another point about th<» study of our own region. We may study it not only as a mirror of the general evolution of civilization, but also, at the same time study it in comparison with other districts which we know, near and far. Comparison is an infallible guide to the significant points of the things com- pared. I have hinted at interesting little details in comparison of farmhouses of two parts of Wales and could give many more of the kind. I shall try to sketch out one or two comparisons of other kinds. Little ports like Pwllheli, Llanbedrog, Abersoch, Aberdaron, Nevin, Carnarvon, have not arisen haphazard. They exist all along our coasts and if you go into them anywhere you find old sailors who knew when there were more ships in them than now, when maybe someone built boats then and spent his spare time in making oak furniture or mahogany furni- ture that had the strong simplicity and accuracy of measurement that shipbuild- ing involves. And if we have our eyes open Wp soon see, as William Morris pointed out, that it was no accident which led the great shipbuilding centre of Glas- frow to become a centre of artistic inspira- tion which, one hopes, will grow until it can transform the squalor of that city's poor quarters. But let us enquire further what these little ports meant. They were used in many cases, in the days of small shins, much subject to winds and tides and stress of weather ships which hardly knew where to put in and must have alternative havens every few mi.les. So the ports arose in groups and the Llevn group is most characteristic. It has usually, h vnpened that in the case of a group of these ports on a peninsula some one town m the centre has become a sort of general centre for the trade of the whole lot. The centre of the base of Llevn is, however a great mountain mass and Dolbenmaen is hardly a site for a city. So it has happened in the case of Lleyn that the centre grew up at one si(L,-of the base, namely at Carnarvon, which also' had advantages for connections with Anglesey But those connections with Anglesey were better farther north. Bangor, therefore, gi e\v there so that the civic expression of Carnarvonshire is divided between the ."o w ith losses and perhaps compensa- tions to both Let us compare some other districts with ours. St. David's Head -irtd a whole series of little havens on its two sides and they were used in the days when the light of civilization, dimmed by barbarians elsewhere, still shone from Ire- and. So this intercourse, more religious t,w,n commercial, came to that headland and led to the consecration of a sacred l*jty at its centre. The comparison of Carnarvon-Bangor with St. Davids is full of interest. Go farther afield and see mchester as the focus for a group of little ports on the Solent and Canterbury as the focus behind the Cinque Ports and you uiidei-stiiid why these two cities be- came important and venerable -as the gates through which the ideals of the Mediter- ranean and of Gaul spread to inspire niitam. Or take another line of thought about these ports and see that, with "the decay of the little ship and of petty fish- ing, which we must try to restore' the occupation of the men departed and they naturally took to engaging themselves in the mercantile marine. So our districts came t0 have men for their chief export and to acquire an importance and a claim upon the solid help of the big cities for this most important contribution which some- how is rarely mentioned in the books of inhuman geography which have been so largely used during the past generation. I (Applause). Next let me point out that it we study our own region as a place in which i-n-alls soul has expressed itself: if we study it as a mirror whereon, it may be ever so imperfectly, the general growth of civilization is reflected; if we study it in comparison with other regions near and far we shall be led on quite instinctively to studvi other regions in the same spirit 'Hear, hear). We must try as teachers of geography to look at other countries' geography to look at other countries i from this point of view of a new humanism. It is our opportunity in the present sad times if we aje to develop that sense of citizenship of civilization without which all is of no avail in our hopes for a better Europe and a better world. (Applause). Let me illustrate by reference to trance once more. If we study France with its great Rhine corridor opening southward to let in the sunshine and the civilization of the Mediterranean; if we see the Parish basin as the great' melting pot when southern and northern traditions ha-vo melted into one another we have a better idea of that land than if we let the various episodes from Bowvines and Cirecy up to Fontenoy and Waterloo I dominate our minds. We gather an im- j oression of a land where effort is rewarded by rich corn crops; a land of a hard work- ing peasantry acquiring just enough leisure to apoly to the pursuit of spiritual ends; a land typified by th^ peasants, painted by Jean Francois Millet, bowed and hard worked it is true, but with those possibilities in the direction of the ideal that have so surprised a commercially- minded world in the present tragic struggle at Verdun and that have ex- pressed themselves in the literature, the cathedrals, the gardens of France. Let us learn and teach about the life of France and not be content to show that its ex- ports are less than ours, just mentioning as a curious and isolated detail that it has some picturesque old cities. They are full of human meaning and I very much want to take over a party of British teachers to study them after the war. (Hear, hear). We are in so ialuny ways the children of France that it is meet we should know and appreciate her. If we do so we shall have return contributions to make. In our insular security we have been able to develop characteristics that she needs and the exchange we hope will be set up can- not but enrjeh the life of both. (Applause). Only do not let us try to Anglicise France or Gallicise England. No, and do not let us try to Anglicise Wales or Ireland either. They are all spontaneous expressions of man's spirit. At they will but live in mutual apprecia- tion side by side our civilization will be en- riched by contributions- from each and all. None is negligible and none can do with- out the others. France is richest amongst modern nations because she has the most varied elements all fused into her life and tradition. Germany, unfortunately, has tried to maintain its distinctness by hunger-striking against France for years, and by growing a false and foolish theory of race pride about the Teutons. Unfor- tunately there are evidences that both Anglo-Saxon and Celtic enthusiasts in Britain are a little inclined to be bitten with the same mania. It is well to take nride in our own traditions. It is not well to throw away proffered help from others. But some day we shall be oahle to see Ger- many apart from all this degradation and to understand that it, too, has a contribu- tion of its own to make to the common stock while remaining distinct in many things from us and France. In other words we see that each region of the world has a right to its own life and can de- velop that life for our common benefit. (Xoud applause). In compliance with a request from the Chairman for criti.cism on the address. observations were offered by Mr. Gilhert i Williams. Llanwnda Council School Mr. T). Da vies, B.A., Penygroes County chool, and Mr. F. P. Ev'ans, M.A., Car- •'a'-von County School. Thp Chairman remarked that it was nile of thl" most delightful addresses he had ever listened to.
Yn Amser Rhyfel.
Yn Amser Rhyfel. NODION AMRYWIOL. fVvvvd "^vn r rhyfol bob cylch <* AuddiMt dTddordebymdeithaT1A g°r" ngweithrediadau' cyhoeddus ar ..hail i ta,*n byr^dau cenedlaethol. Cymer v [ ° ,bwys 0 amser a modSS*Jl,,(w'>UUaIS IIool, ac o'r braidd r °ynshorau flaw y Cj-hoedd heb dd» yn argraS y rhvf b 4! rediadau'r Senedd ac ifid weith" 1 ymdrafodaeth eithriadol^l8^! cysylltiad unionevrchol a'r /htf i ddaI cyfeiriad. Yr u vrlW\ Jv yn mhob tevrnged uchel i ff l lu eddaf talwyd Kitcl5W«plidf° £ ?'TeW! >rslwydd ■ddo. SiaratUvvd yn hv w>r| i '"W" ac vr nprlH hj nod o deimladvvy Ki j,™nrhr £ fr1 Sr g,vr eadarn yn yr^ ond er eu galar ni lesghant ac nM^f jeu Penderfyniad i orchfygu. ant yn°y ieneSrSSd 3:dra'?d"r^ Uvivodraetlr11 ^OT ddethohiyd S' y ar e„ » i,th „ rK!eUO?,d « ed, codi yu ifresvmrT ,Pnsiau "«^»^V"Ttre*edPSJ™an,,e^d Meddylie;trS'dCh V » gyflemvad na° Hy„«ld uwch am y rheswm, meddir v tnsori/v cyflenwad gogyfer a'r dyfodoL Os ydvw "11 fod masnachwyr yn codi anghenrheidiau bywyd er mwyn cyfoethogi imfam ar.drauI J wlad sydd vn dd? f Z'tmuit nis Sellir cosPi pobl mw ddi-egwyddor yn rhy drwm. Ond Z o Ssvm™ bufdd, Persono1' eeir llawer i 0 resymau anorfodol yn gyfrifol, megys diffyg ongau a llafur. Gwelir er hyny fod | masnachwyr a chanolwyr yn elwa er oWaethaf yr holl ddiffygion. Er fod cyflogan wedj codi yn gyffredinol nid yw'r codiad yn gyfatebol i'r prisiau ychwaneg- ,)I ,i lialvlia'r gii-eitliwyr yn naturiol i'r Llywodraeth ffrwyno'r elw masnachol Ar ,\r un pryd nis gellir gofalu gormod ar jn°?aeth y Llywodraeth i beidio gwas- traffu i fvvyda yn ddoeth. m j aynyddu f'vn^vrdl y tir hyd yr eithaf posibl 7 „ | L | amaethyddiaeth rhoddir cyfle neillduol i torched Cymru. Mae miloedd o honynt am gael cyfle i helpu eu gwlTd Pan ma-e prisiau bwydydd mor uchel eglur jw mai r gvvaith goreu i'r rhai sydd yn P?, y.wlad ydy\x gvvneud pobpeth yu eu gallu i ychwanegu at faint cynyrch v tir Os na cheir help merched y wlacf bydd y cynhaeaf eleni yn llai ac nid vn "L8m frd iCynifer ° ddynion £ fyddin Gydag ychydig ymdrech gallai'r ™€1? ied ad-drefnu eu gvvaith er mwyn gaiddio ychydig neu helpu ar fferm ger- Gallant odro unwaith neu ddwy bob ydd' Sal'ant orffen eu gwaith arferol yn ystod y boreu i roi help llaw yn y cyn- haeaf am y gweddill o'r dydd; gallant hel ttrvvythau a gwneud cymaint ag svdd bosibl o "jam"; a gallant wneud llawer o gymhwynasau eraill, pe ond gofalu am blant cymydoges tra y mae yn y caeau neu gyda'r gwartheg. Mewn llawer o ardal- oedd cedwir rhestr o enwau'r merched sydd yn barod i helpu'r wlad yn vr argyfwng presenol, er gwybodaeth i ttermwyr ac eraill mewn angen o help Os nad oes restr felly mewn unrhywl ardal ymofyner a r "Labour Exchange" agosaf. Dylid gofalu am gyflog teg am bob gwaith ar y tir. Disgwylir i blant yr ysgolion ac ysgolteistri gynorthwyo'r ffermvvyr hefyd, fel y gwnel pawb eu rhan tros eu gwlad, canys os pery'r rhyfel fisoedd eto bydd v cwestiwn o gael digonedd o fwvd o'r pwys mwyaf. Un o r cwestiynau hyny sydd a'u perth- ynas a r rhyfel yn cynhyddu'n fwy union- gyrchol Iel y gobeitlxir y dynesa'r diwedd yw setydiu r mdwyr dychweledig ar y tir. £ nidrafodaetli yn y Senedd dro yn tod yn anffafriol ac er i gynyg Mr. Dvd Da vies, A.S., jLlandinam, gael ei ia-rtliod, rhoddir lhesymau cryf dros i'r Llywodraeth sefydlu man-ddaliadau yng Nghymru i'r milwyr, a gobeithir y der- byniant ystyriaeth ddyladwy. Naturiol yw meddwl y disgwylia rhan fwyaf o'r milwyr a'r morwyr Cymreig ddychwelyd i'r tir y magwyd hwynt arno, a gall Cymru hawUo'r devrnged hyny am fod y wlad fechan wedi cymeryd rhan mor fawr yn y rhyfel. Bydd gofyn am gwell awdurdod na Deddf y Man-ddaliadau cyn y gellir boddloni'r newyn am dir sydd mor nod- weddiadol o hanes Cymru a chyn y gellir rhwystro dibobli'r ardaloedd gwledig a gwella safle amaethyddiaeth. Mae'n dda fod byrddau lleol fel Cynghor Trefol Aber- ystwyth yn symud i anrhydeddu'r gwyr aberthant eu bywydau ar allor gwlad- garwch; ond heb amharchu unrhyw fudiad o'r fath, oni fyddai yn fuddiol pe svmudai'r cynghorau sirol a gwledig i sicrhau byw- ioliaeth i'r milwyr a'r morwyr ddychwel- ant wedi'r rhyfel? Bydd hyn yn sicr o greu dyddordeb yn en gweithrediadau. Nid yw yn debyg y dychwela'r arwyr i'r swyddfa a'r siop. Y tir a'u gal want a'r tir ofyna am eu gwasanaeth. Oni chant le ar y tir ymfudant i'r trefedig- aethau a cheir y gweddill ar grwydr neu i or-boblogi'r trefydd mawrion, i gynyddu tlodi, ac i iselhau cenedlaethau dyfodol. Pa bryd by nag y daw heddwch a pha fodd bynag y penderfynir y telerau, nis gall y cynghorau lleol na'r Senedd esgeu- luso parotoi yn y cyfeiriad hwn. Yn wir, mae'r Senedd wedi rhoddi arweiniad, ond nid oes argoelion fod cynrychiolwyr y trethdalwyr yug Nghymru yn barod i ddilyn ac i symbylu'r mudiad i. gael tir. Cyfeiriad pwysig arall y rhoddodd y Senedd arweiniad iddo. tra yn gwahardd gwario yng ngyfeiriadau eraill, oedd ynglyn a gwelliant-au iechvdol. Mae'n syndod cyn lleied o ddyddordeb a gymer cynghorau gwledig yn v cyfeiriad yna pan vstyrir yr heintiau a'r marwolaethau gellid osgoi. Difudd hollol fydd ymdrechu cvnvddu poblogaetli yr ardaloedd gwledig os na ofelir am wella manteision a budd- innau cartrefol.
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(continued from previous column). The other delegates agreed and a cordial vote of thanks was given Dr. Fleure, and i.t was also agreed to reprint the address. At the business meeting which followed it was decided to make a contribution of P,50 to the national fund for broken Welsh warriors from the teachers' war fund created to relieve necessitous cases in the county. The question of reverting to the use of sletes i.n the schools was referred to the consideration of the local associations of ,the county.