The Cambrian News and Merionethshire Standard

THE £ Velsh Farmers' Gazette. » Friday, Decembei 16th, 1910. 1;: Market Reports. p o LONDON DEAD MEAT, Monday.—Good applies and trade slow, prices being difficult I maintain. English beef, 3s lOd to 4s 2d R cotch aides, 4s 6d to 43 S i shorts, 4s lOd to a s 2d Deptford and Liverpool kil!ed, 3j 8d to 21 a 2d refrigerated hindquarters-best. 4s 2d r ) 43 4d do seconds, 38 lOd to 4s; do fore- n uarters, 28 6d to 28 8d Argentine chilled— 11 indquarters, 23 lOd to 3s forequarters, la lOd b a 2s. Mutton-Scotch wethers, 4s 4d to d s lOd ditto tegs, 4s 6d to 5s ditto ewes, 3s 0 3s 2d; English wethers, 4s 2d to 4s 6d wes, 3s to 3s 2d Dutch bhepp, 3s Sd to s 4d veal, 4a Od to 5s 4d English pork, 8 8d to 5s Od Dutch, 43 4d to 4s 8d per 8 lbs. LONDON PROVISIONS, Monday.- Messrs c lamuei Page & Son report :-Butter quiet for ii ine sorts and dull for secondary and inferior c :inds.—Dutch, 112s to 1148 Siberian, 94s to 0 06s Daniah, 116s to 118s French, 92s to n 168 Australian, 90s to 112s Irish, 98s to d 14s. Bacon weak—Irish, 683 to 75 Danish, t •6s to 73s Canadian, 66s to 70-. Hams— 1, rish unchanged, American long cut, 80s to 84s; t hort cut, 66s to 70s, light weights in good t lemand. Cheese firm and quiet-Canadian, 54a t o 56s. Eggs flemer-values 6d and Is higher. n 08WESTRY CORN MARKET, Wednes a lay.- White wheat, 4s 6d to 4s 8d per 75 lbs b ed, 48 6d to 48 8d; oats, 10s 6d to lis per 200 f bs malting barley, 17s Od to 20a grinding r; arley, 13" 6d to 148 per 280 lbs. h OSWESTRY GENERAL MARKET, Wed. u iesday. Butter, Is Od to Is 2d per lb S ggs, 6 and 7 for Is potatoes, lOd per b core rabbits, Is 8d to Is lOd per couple a owls, 4s to 5a per couple geese, Sd to 8d per t b ducks, 5s to 168 per couple onions, 2 i unches a Id carrots, Id per buuch water- c ress, Id per bunch tomatoes, 4d to 6d per 1 b apples,2d 6d to 3s 6d per 100 pears, 3d to a d a III celery, 2d to 3d per stick oauliflowers, 0 d to 4d apiece Brussels sprouts, 2d to 3d per a b. c CARMARTHEN PROVISIONS, Saturday, j -The supply of butter has been greatly reductd 11 lemand much greater than the quantity c-ffered e or sale. The price remained firm, with fuliy d d advance. We quote Is Id to Is lid per lb s resh ponnds, Is Id to Is 2d per lb. Chees p >43 to 35r per cwt. Eggs again firm, at 17s 6d > .0 20s per 120. 1 LLANDILO PROVISIONS, Saturday. n 3utter in lbs, Is 2d butter in tubs, Is Id. I rowls, lOd per lb docks, lid per lb geese, c Id. Welsh cheese, 4d to 5d, Caerphilly do, 1 rd. Eggs, 6 and 7 tor la. t f

CAMBRIAN RAILWAYS.—Approx mate return )f traffic receipts for the week ecding Dec, lIth, 1910. Miles open *280^—Passengers, jarcels, horses, carriages, dogs, and Trails. E2,089 Merchandise, minerals, and live stock, E2,222 total for the week, E4,311 aggregate :rom commencement of half-year, £ 169,216. Actual trajfic receipts for the corresponding week last year. Miles open *280J.—Passengers, itc, £2,159 merchandise, etc., t2,147 total :or the week, 94,306 aggregate from com- mencement of half year, E163,211 ^Increase for ;he week Merchandise, etc., £75; total for the week, f5. Decrease for the week- Passengers, etc., £70 Aggregate Increase— Passengers, etc £ 4,705 Merchandise, etc., £ 1,270, Aggregate from commencement of half-year, £ 5,975. *Inculaea 23i miles of Light Railways worked by the Company.

'77. W§HS!TICK j 0* £ SM?EE Simply turn the rim and it fits auy size of A ^<5^ candle. The X a holds the .C'1 '■ candle firm and secure so that it A C~. can be burned to U* -the very last: ) A ,f\ J J no candle ends, no mess, no waste. V 1 Ll t To get the candlestick: \1 | 4 send four Archer designs VT f f cut from the new cartons UT Ji 1 of Arrow candles, extra q L^!ii 1 y j i* You can get Arrow candles at ly I'Ti most grocers or stores. You ¥± 11 can make sure of them too. f i Arrow candles are packed in 7 1 V sealed triangular cartons 9 y six candles in each carton, If T each candle guaranteed. f jP %■ An Arrow candle burns W about 5 hours; it is /f V V the longest burning 7f p V domestic m v\v Jmm ,Ae p. 1. Four "Archer" designs brine you ESTOV the free candlestick. Ask for Wlfcq! vtf i Arrow candles—the candle in the if sealed carton—to-day. aKStoJ J" M 6 long-burning candles, 2d. | Jf £ fttadc by THOMAS, Bristol, C1KOLKIUUR9 SINCE I7*J-

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE S OF WALES. dv U.C.W. AGRICTLTFRAL DEPART- g- MEXT. cr PIG- PRODUCTION AND BACON of CURING. ac ———— na AN IMPORTANT INDUSTRY FOR pr FARMERS. ta ———— it Oil Friday afternoon the annual meeting fa the Agricultural Society connected with cu le W. Agricultural Department was he ld in the Chemical Theatre of the Col- bu ge under the presidency of Professor m ryner Jones, who was accompanied by In Lr. A. E. Jones, the hon. secretary. w Mr. Loudon M. Douglas, F.R.S.E., en dinburgh, lecturer and technical adviser co i bacon curing, the meal industry, and mdern dairy practice, gave an address on m Bacon Curing and Pig Production," which g as illustrated by means of lantern slides pi f the breed of pigs best suited for bacon h, nd of the construction of bacon-curing d< ictories. Mr. Douglas said that bacon C" uring was one of those subjects which had b. :me into prominence in connection with c( griculture during recent years and was c( kely to attract even greater attention, w s it was intimately associated- with the ii lodern development of agriculture. C acon curing was a very ancient art and t.; ad been carried on from classic times to m he present day but ancient methods were oi ardly to be compared with those now used [ 1 bacon-curing establishments. The fi lodern method was of comparatively- h ecent discovery and might be dated back b ) about the middle of the nineteenth b entury when a demand arose for mild- ki ired meats. The method hitherto adopted fi as such as to produce highly-salted meat ti hich was due to the fact that mechanical ppliances for the cooling of pig products ci nd the arrest of putrefaction were un- ir nown. In the ancient history of Wales p 'ere evidences that swine industry was a, ractned on similar lines to those of iV ther countries. In the course of time, a ig-breeding in the Principality fell con- if iderably out of use and in course of time y he production of pigs in Wales, in com- d ron with that of other countries, showed h great decline. The figures for 1909 were w 04,784, which was the lowest number on g eoord since 1893. That falling off was ot confined to Wales. Throughout the a 'or1d during the past two years there had w een an unaccountable decline in pig pro- t; uction a decline that had come about so ti uddenly that its approach was not calcu- d ated upon, and the result was that the n rice of pig products at the present day fi ras higher on the average than it had r, ver been before. Facts and figures con- « lusively proved that there was room for o mmediate developments in the bacon- uring industry in this country, and not c nly room, but absolute need. The a tational demand for bacon and pig pro- 8 lucts was not likely ever to decrease On I he contrary, it was evident that as popu- ei aticn increased and the standard of living n lecame higher, there was every likelihood 0 hat the demand would become greater w han ever. There was therefore a prime I lecessity for considering the matter from national point of view. Agriculture had l: Ie en developing in the direction of dairy b arming during the past quarter of a c; entury. The best way by which the Sl y-products of the dairy can be best 0 itilized is by converting them into bacon. separated milk and whey are among the iost kinds of feeding material for swine, ,nd there was no more profitable use for t hem than in pig-breeding, more especially b f they were used in conjunction with 0 ereals, potatoes, or such like food. a therefore the pig might be looked upon as 81 valuable asset m modern agriculture, not P inly in a large way, but to the smallholder 11 nd the cottar. Unfortunately a hyper- P ritical inspection has arisen during recent ni 'ears by the Board of Agriculture which lad caused people who would otherwise ngage in swine industry not to ? lo so because of the risks encountered from 11 uch inspection. Coming to the kind of Si >ig best suited for bacon-curing purposes, d dr. Douglas said there were six notable ,reeds-the large white Yorkshire, the a aiddle-white Yorkshire, the Tamworth, the v >erkshire, the large black, and the Lin- t ulMhire curly-coated pig. None of those )reeds exactly conformed to what the a tacon-curer wanted. The best type of pig c or industrial purposes was one that was :ross-bred. Tlie siz^e of the TUP- "wanted for bacon-curing was one weighing sixteen ;tone live weight, or about two hundred weight, the dead weight figuring out about L68 lbs. Public taste being very fastidious nowadays, the bacon-curer must supply rairly-lean meat which has been mild cured. A pig breeder must therefore keep these facts in mind. When pig-breeding in any district has been developed to such an ?xtent that there is a visible supply of pigs capable of keeping a bacon factory going t will then be a matter for farmers to con- sider whether it will not p ty them better to convert their own pigs into bacon and pig products on the spot. If so, the first I consideration was that the pig supply should be constant and not be subject to sudden drops. It was essential to the profitable conduct of the business that the raw material should be provided in the districts and in such quantities as would enable the factory to be kept going at its full working capacity. Failures in bacon curing, which happily were not many, were due to the absence of that constant supply of pigs. A bacon-curing factory can be organised in two ways-either as a co-operative concern or as a joint stock company. The co-operative system is re- sponsible for the majority of the fifty-three factories which exist in Denmark which supplied about 40,000 sides of bacon every week to the English market. The farmers who are shareholders are hound under a penalty to supply all the bacon pigs they produce. That rule had the effect of promoting a personal interest in the wel- fare of the factories which, it it said, does not exist in the case of joint stock com- panies. The advantage of a joint stock company, on the other hand, wa.; that capital can be more easily raised than by cc-operative methods, for it was most un- desirable to start a bacon factory without adequate working capital. The modern factory was now a very simple structure compared with what at one time was thought to be necessary. The modern process also was very different from processes which existed as lately as a generation ago. The quaint methods of the past had given place to systematised working which would be better understood by following throughout the principal operations which take place in a modern bacon-curing factory. The pigs were received, weighed, and paid for by live weight. They are rested for a day and then slaughtered. The carcase is slung along a bar, thrown on to a dumping table, and then rolled into a scalding tank with water at about 150 degrees, after which the hair can be easily scraped off. The carcases are next exposed to a white heat for about twenty- five seconds in a vertical singeing furnace which has the effect of shrinking the outer skin and imparting a particular flavour to the meat. The carcases are then thrown into a cold water bath after which the offal is separated, the carcases weighed to ascertain the dead weight, the secondary offal (the head, feet, and tail) jwed to cool. When a sufficient portion œ1 the animal heat is dissipated the sides ? trimmed and put into a cfiill room and ex luced to a temperature of thirty-eight m; grees, after which they are pumped with standard pickle which is forced into the IW sues of the meat. The sides are then pe d on the floor of the curing cellar and •inkled over with an equal mixture of -ti tpetre and curing powder on top of on ich a thick layer of salt is distributed ex d the siues left in that condition until inJ fed. Mild-cured bacon is thus produced about fourteen days. When the cure is th iiplete, the sides may be washed free it >m excess of salt and can be drained re, d sent out as smoked bacon. The pro- th' cticn of Wiltshire bacon, such as had to en described, was what took place in an ) majority of European factories, but gi1 :r'e were modifications necessary for w £ rious products. The modern methods da 3 simple in character and are so designed of it losses through taint are reduced to a iiq, inimum, the process of curing being no ga nger a rule of thumb but a scientific 60 •actice. In a factory there are also ve oducts in the shape of sausages, lard, ca d quite a large number of the tiner pro- dr icts such as cooked meats and preserved dij ov all of which require a certain e0: nount of skill in manufacture, but which rei ntribute largely to the profits. He had wI ited that bacon curing was a natural yi, roliary of dairy farming. That be g Gf it was strange that though there v rce pa me twenty-two agricultural college in th e United Kingdom there was not one at wi licli the technology of that business was in ught. Bacon curing, if properly carried ac ( in this country, would mean the qu Idition of many millions to the revenues st; agriculture. It therefore seemed to sti m., now that the supplies of pig pro- fa icts from abroad had decreased so of eatly and were likely to continue to de- rei ease in the future, that there was a be lendid opportunity for the introduction co that business to the permanent Ivantage of the farmer and of the th ltion. Primarily he suggested that the tø: inciple of bacon curing should be th ught in all agricultural colleges so that Co might be carried on not only in the th ctoiy but on the farm as well. Bacon TI an the farm was a subject on which re > had net spoken, but that branch of the bu uiiness was c a pa bio of immense develop- ent. At any rate. a course of study in W( icon curing might be given in connection a- ith the University College of Wales with th ormous advantage to the agricultural ot mmunity of the Principality. (Apptauss di Mr. D. D. Wiiliams remarked, in com- encing an open discussion, that Cardi- m lllshire was said to be noted for the re roduction of pigs and parsons. The in- ac ibitants therefore naturally took a be ep interest in both. (Laughter.) In of ardiganshire people could come across at icon and ham as good as anything that lu ,tild be obtained in any part of the er xmtry though sometimes at Aberystwyth hat was sold for bacon seemed to be more tl] ke stuff for the soleing of boots. In H ardiganshire it was a common practice > keep a sow until she became a grand- other when she was fattened up to twenty thirty score, killed, and used in the ir Inn house for food. Beef and mutton NJ -om aged cows and sheep was tough, but i'c e did not find there was much difference fc etween the bacon of mature pigs and the B aeon of aged pig" He should like- to si tiow if it was better to produce a pig of E 'om ten to eleven score than one of tn iventy or thirty score ? cl It having been stated that a bacon- g; iring factory was started some years ago H l which Mr. T. W. Powell, who was H resent, was interested, Mr. Powell was 0 sked to give the result of his experience. D Ir. Powell stat-ed that his conclusion, D fter several years' experience, was that, g< 1 certain conditions, a factory at Aber- S stwytli would be a most profitable in- R ustry. When he carried on the factory, 9 dealt with between 150 and 200 pigs a eek; but he experienced a difficulty in etting the raw material because the C irmers of that day were not well educated al nd not progressive. An arrangement le as made with dealers in South Wales to w ake the whole output; but it was found pi hat farmers of those days would not pro- hi nee bacon of the size required or the lean D ,eat demanded. He believed that if T irmers could be got to produce what was h equired, and if someone took up the work g •holeheartedly, the bacon-curing industry B ould be made to pay admirably. (Cheers.) J Air. John Williams, Mill-street, con- g; (Hred with what Mr. Powell had said, sc dding that what was wanted in Cardigan- 1; hire was^ uniformity in size and age. oi nstead of producing two pigs of from ai ight or ten score suitable for bacon-curing lany farmers seem to prefer producing ne pig of twenty score which, after all, ,-as only fit to be cut up and melted down f farmers produced pigs from eight to ten c core and took care not to make them too 01 at, any amount of bacon so obtained could li e sold, and he should be glad to join a A ompany of bacon curers if pigs of that t] ze and quality of meat could be regularly btained in the district. Without a proper T apply of pigs it was hopeless to attempt U 0 establish and successfully carry on a actory, for with the present pig produc- 8, ion bacon sent down South was liable to E e returned as unsaleable. If he could VJ btain the size and quality of meat suit- ble for the provision merchant, he could Bit any amount of bacon; but before any p regress could be made in Cardiganshire T 1 bacon-curing farmers must be got to xi roduce pigs of the size and quality of dl teat required. (Cheers.) r. Mr. Rigby Jones thought that farmers ai ■ould welcome the establishment of a ('I aeon-curing factory in Cardiganshire as ° i would ensure a regular demand and a ale at market prices. They had now to epend on prices which were subject to all inds of influences and conditions. With S factory, WeVsh farmers would be pro- a ided with the means of competing with he foreigner in bacon production. ii The President agreed with Mr. Douglas L s to the desirability of the College Agri- P ultural Department doing something in e he way of imparting instruction in F aeon curing. It had been suggested to the e ?olleere authorities, who were in <:vmn.th" ti -.JJ ..t'l.J." with the suggestion, but had no funds to carry it out. ] Replying to a vote of thanks for his < lecture, as well as to questions, Mr. Douglas said that aged sows were never 1 dealt with by factories, for the tissues of the meat would be hard and the albumen- ous contents certainly less. An animal for commercial purposes should give a live weight of about 220lbs., and a side of fifty or sixty pounds. The chemical process of curing could be applied by anyone. The supply of pigs was a difficulty everywhere and the object of lectures of that sort was to induce farmers to pay more attention to pig production of the proper kind. Mr. Powell struck the right note in saying that it was largely a matter of the education of the farmer. The f armer- was very slow in picking up new ideas. If he accepted new ideas in pig production, he would find them very profitable. To properly cure bacon at a farm without a refrigerator was extremely difficult and not without the risk of taint. It would require from 150 to 200 pigs a week to give a factory a prospect of paying On Saturday morning, the annual business meeting was held when the Treasurer reported £20 15s. receipts, as against £16 2s. 6d. last year, and the ex- penditure C26 9s. 4d. (including L6 19s. 9d for medals): leaving a balance at the bank to the credit of the Society of £10 18s. lOd The Secretary reported thirty-six new members, bringing up the membership to about 300. Seven essays had been sent in on the agricultural labourer as com- pared with other labourers, Welsh sheep, motor engines, breed of armv horses, pros- pects of horse-breeding, calcium cyanide, and catch traps. The prize was divided between Mr. Roger Thomas and Mr. E. W. Jeffreys. A portion of the prize fcr the best yield of milk from one cow for a ?eriod of nine months was awarded to Mr 'avid Williams, Glynhir, Lampeter, as well as the prize for an invention fcr uplifting a cart. The cow was taken ill during the milk period, but the yield was 608 gallons. The Society was in a flourish- ing position. During the year two of its members had been appointed to posts under the Development Board and one patrolling shepherd. Mr D. D. Williams read the award on root crop competitions and gave the prize to Mr. Morgan, Maesnew^dd, and the reserve to Ruelisaf. Mr. Douglas and Professor Anwyl were appointed honorary members of th.e Society; Principal Roberts honorary presi- dent. Professor Bryner Jones, president; and Mr. R. D. Williams Mr Morgan. Maesnewydd, Miss Ella Edwards, and Mr. Jeffreys, vice-presidents; Mrs. A. F/. Jones, treasurer; Mr. A. E Jon^-s, secre- tary; and Mr. Roger Thomas. editor of the transactions. On the proposition of I r Forbes, director of agriculture for M mtgomery- shire, it was resolved to hoi the next eral places of interest in the locu'ity. I [be President stated that during 1910 jeriments had been conducted in the jn ■nuring of crops and meadow lands, and Q. ,vas agreed to continue the same experi- nts for 1911 with the addition of ex- So •iments with clover seeds—Welsh versus [>( eign. The President hoped that r- xlentG would continue the experiments Ü{ their own farms, for by continuing the 1'e leriments over a. series of years valuable re ormation could be obtained 1'e L'he President introduced a discussion on in value of milk records, remarking thai r, would be a good thing if records were ;ularly kept in Wales. At the end of 'se ) year farmers would then know the se al quantity produced by their herds Hi 3 would also know how much milk was en by each cow in the herd and what r'(J s its quality, and would also obtain ta on which investigation into the causes th variation in milk produce might be sed. If thev found a drop from 8C0 4,- lions in June to 500 in July and from r 3 or 700 to 300 or 400 at the end of the j>| ar, it would be useful to know the j use—whether it was occasioned by a Dp in the temperature, wet weather, ferent food, or the introduction of new tvs. The chief use, however, of milk :ords was to obtain information as to licli cows were giving a satisfactory ;ld and which not, and so at the end each year be able to say which cows a id best. A farmer's wife who attended ar g dairy was able to guess pretty well -A' thout records which were the best cows the herd, but she could not obtain llli curate information as to quantity and n aiity without keeping regular and con- glJ int records. There was no reason why idents should not start on their own -nis to keep records from the beginning Sc the year. Another advantage in taking "4 ;ords was to ascertain which cows were "T st adapted for the breeding of dairy m Mr. Jenkins, a student, thought thai e keeping of records would not always >t the remumerative. value cf a cow, for e cow which gave the most milk might nsume in food more than the value of B increased supply of milk. (Laughter.) ie keeping of milk records might als:> ('l, suit in the produce of good milch cows t the produce of weedy bullocks. The President replied that milk records ire still valuable, fro farmers would be ai 'le to ascertain whether cows which gave i.1 e most and the best milk eat more than 'P her cows and whether thev produced in- f1 [ferent bullocks. It having been agreed to urge the •s.( jmbers of the Society to keep milk S!, cords, the members considered the K'; visability of awarding a prize for the st managed farm. It was resolved to a< :er a prize but to require competing pi udents living on their father's farms to ^ve had the management of the farms tered for competition. gJ On Friday evening the members of le society dined together at the Waterloo otel.

YSTRAD MEURIG. St. John's College.—At a general meet- S 19 of St John's College, Mr. Henry [organ, senior scholar, in the chair, the ►llowing students were elected to office S,1 ir the Lent term :—Secretary of school, agil Herbert; librarian, Joseph I). Sayer; lb-librarian, Idwal Jones; chairman of °' nglisb debate, Alban LI. Jones; secre- try of English debate, George O. Jones; lairman of Welsh debate, Henry Mor- in; secretary of Welsh debate, David !enry Evans; captain of football, Evan Hopkins Jones; vice-captain, Oliver wen; captain of second eleven, Etlielstone tl avies; secretary of football, Garfield w ■a vies; sergeant-at-arms, Tudor Da vies sneral committee, Ernest J. Davies, W. e: Jerman, David R. Jones, Arthur Lewis, S O Rowlands, and J. M. Wright.

CARDIGAN. t< Local Will.—Mr. David Davies, The eJ ottage, Penrhiwllan, Llanfairorllwyn, 8 'chitect, who died on the lOth November, 1 ft estate of the gross value of £2,393 l&s., l ith net personalty £2,300 18s. 4d., and t( robate of his will, dated 26th June, 1909, b as been granted to his son, Mr. James fl avies, architect, of the same address. tl estator left his residence and effects to e is daughter, Margaret; JE75 each to his AV rand-children, Anne Griffiths and Rees 0 eynon Davies; £ 350 each to his sons, ohn and James, and his daughter, Mar- e aret; his architectural instruments to his ° )n James: JB550 to the daughters of his I ite daughter, Hannah; and the residue c f his estate to his children, John, James, h ad Margaret. b k —————————————— c

UNIEV.RiSITY OF LONDON. d Among the successful candidates at re- 11 ent examinations, the following names cur :-Honûurs.-CQassics, second class, r William David Hill, University College, iberystwyth; third class, Mary Jones, d niversity College, Aberystwyth. r Modern languages..— Second class: homas Quayle (English and French), niversity College, Aberystwyth. c Modern European history. — Pass, jcond divison, Kate Batchellor and lizabeth King, University College, Aber. sitwyth. Third (M.B., B.S.) examination for tedical degrees.—B.Sc. examination,—- ass, first division, Thomas Henry o hompson Evans and K. E. Zimmerman, 0 niversity College, Aberystwyth; second j ivision, William Frank Grant, University n ollege, Bangor; Francis Charles Orpet nd Daniel Jenkin Thomas, University s ollege, Aberystwyth. —————————— h I

A singular case ame before the London t essions last week when Ernest Druce, an v uthor of Newport Pagnell was sentenced h ) nine months imprisonment for obtain- r. ig goodis worth £ 24 by fraud from various v london hotels, including hundreds of ex- c ensive cigars. Defendant said he had f very intention of paying for the goods. t [e was a hard-working author and was d ngaged to be married to a, lady in Not- t inghamishire who possessed £6,000 or I -<,000. Smoking had become almost a nania with him, but he squandered many )f the cigars among friends. The prose- cution said the defendant was the son of rumble parents, but in his youth showed m aptitude for the classics and Lord Penrhvn paid for his education at Oxford University. A remarkable case was referred to at the St. Asaph Board of Guardians last week. It was decided to relieve the case :>f a girl stated to be fifteen years of age, who had been born without bone. She is thirty-six inches in height, and weighs but thirty pounds.

THE QUESTION OF HEALTH. There is an old saying A stitch in time, saves nine," and if upon the first symptoms of anything being wrong with our health we were to resort to some simplebut proper means of correcting the mischief, nine-tenths of the suffering that invades our homes would be avoided. The body is a machine full of intri- cate and delicate mechanism and when one part is impeded it gradually throws the whole out of gear unless it is quickly put right. A cold, a chill, a touch ef indigestion or liver nomplaint, a pain in the loins or the little indiscretions to which in the hurry and tur- moil of life we are all prone (such as eating too quickly, not taking sufficient rest, worrying too much over our troubles, etc., etc.), all tend to bring about a deadlock in some part of the human mechanism or a weakening or slowing down of the whole. A good bracing tonic, one that will re-vitalise and will wind up all the machinery, will at such times work greater wonders than a long course of nauseous medicines. A dose of Gwilym Evans' Quinine Bitters taken when you feel the least bit out of sorts is just that stitch in time." The question of health is a matter which is sure to concern us at one time or another, specially when Influenza is so prevalent as it is just now, so it is well to know what to take to ward off an attack of this most weakening disease, this epidemic catarrh or old of lll aggravated kind, to combat it whilst under its baleful influence, and particularly after an attack, for then the system is so lowered as to be liable to the most dangerous of com- plaints. Gwilym Evans' Quinine Bitters is acknowledged by all who have given it fair trial to be the best specific remedy for dealing with Influenza in all its various stages, being a preparation skilfully prepared with Quinine and accompanied with other blood purifving ant* enriching agents, suitable for the liver digestion, and all those ailments requiring tonic strengthening and nerve increasing pro- perties It is invaluable for those suffering with colds, pneumonia, or any serious illness, or prostration caused by sleeplessness, or worry of any kind, when the body has a gen. eral feeling of weakness and lassitude. Don't delay, but try it now, Send for a copy of the pamphlet of testimonials, which carefully read and consider well, then buy a bottle Isold in two sizes. 2s. 9d. and 4s. 6d.) ac your nearest Chemist or Stores, but when purchasing see that the name "Gwilym Evans" is on the label stamp, and bottle, for without tehich none are genuine. Q.l" 'D-t, O.- J— T>?i> *«"

LAMPETER. F Gas Company.—Tlie half-yearly meet- g of the shareholders of the Lampeter ia< is Company was held on Wednesday. Sc d presided over by Professor A. W. J 0 ott (Mayor), the Chairman, Principal ell. bb, Cbionel H. Davies Evans, Mr J. ia( Harfoid. Mr D. F. Lloyd, the retir- an g director, was re-elected." A letter was Li, v ad from the Town Council asking for a wa duction 111 the price. cf gas. The Sec- Ce tary was directed to write in reply that iu face of the liabilities incurred by the by impany m order to extend facilities to bv rsons to use gas, the Company cannot ui 3 their way to reduce the price at pre- nt. The Manager was directed to pie- re and submit an estimate of the ex- nse of exending the main along Bryn- ad. Soar Chapel.—The weekly meeting of ry. 2 Christian Endeavour Society was held Wednesday evening when Alderman tnothy Ric'liard occupied the chair. A ,iU per was read by Mr J. Emrys Jones, p! loslwyn, L-,iititlecl "-Alyfyi-ioii at, Deifi f lich gave ail- account of interesting ices on the banks of the Teify. Messrs jie m Davies, D. Jones Davies, and John w :es, and Mrs Rees, Peterwell-terrace, "1,< cl Mrs • D. Rees also spoke. p I he pulpit at Soar Chapel was occupied p it Sunday by the Rev Dr Williams, ,pel Noni. Although living near, there s many years since the rev. gentleman eaclied at this chapel. The Rev Evan .1 •ans, pas-or, was also present, this be- I the first time after his serious ill- vv^ ss. He announced his intention of be- ve ining his duties next Sunday. he Agricultural1 Society.—The annual qu neral. ireeting of the Agricultural NV ciety was held on Friday of last a ■ek at the Black Lion Hotel co cJ.er the presidency cf Mr. J. C. ;U1 arford, Falcondale. The financial state- of ent for the past year showed an ad- br .lies' upon that of the previous year th a prospect of further receipts of out- br anding subscriptions. The town had Cl bscribed remai'Kably well this year, and th o canvassers were congratulated upon re eir success. The following officers were fa. eeted for the yca-Cluiii,niaii I Mr J. pe Harford, Falcond'ale; vice-chairman, gi r John Rees, Dolgwm; treasurer, Mr Ll G. Edwards, Lloyd's Bank; I secret- M T, Mr J. D. Lloyd, 2, Bridge-street; He iditors, Messrs D. H. Davies, X.P. lie ink, and J. E. Evans, Nantygelly tr, ouse. A motion was brought forward be have a trotting competition at next to mr's show which will be further con- wi let-,ed by the Working Committee. The fo, fer of silver medals at next year's show br the W elsli Black Cattle Society was ch cepte-d, and it was also resolved to TI itition the Board of Agriculture to gu ipply a cob stallion of the old Welsh ve 'pe to travel the district, or to give a R, 'ant towards obtaining one. (u dr YOUNG LIBERAL LEAGUE. Q PEECH BY PROF. TYRELL GREEN, G ]i At Brondeifi Schoolroom on Friday n rening a lecture was given by Professor yrell Green on "Why am I a Liberal." ti he meeting was held under the auspices e the National League of Young Liberals p od the schoolroom was packed to over- owing in fact, many had to return be- r ti-101 g whs no room. ]VXr j) Pivy ly ones occupied chair and, in his i pening address, said he was glad to take Z ie chair in the regrettable absence of p ie Rev R. C. Jones. He was sure they -v ere all pleased to l^ave an opportunity _J t listening to Professor Green giving an r- position of his political faith, and felt rateful for his assistance in furthering p ;e cause of Liberalism. His active par- n cipation was an accession of strength ° > them. Some of their political oppon- ° 'its had in the past been inclined to ? lve themselves airs of superiority; to as- ime, aria occasionally to state, that only ,l Ynornt and benighted people belonged > the Liberal party. Well they would e glad to welcome Professor Green as a j How ignoramus. (Laughter.) He C: liought, however, that even their oppon- nts would admit that Professor Green 'as not entirely illiterate, uninstructed, I r obtuse-ddim yn hollol dii-p-(Iatight-er) c -or that he Ixad no qualifications to v nable him to form and express his ? pinions on the questions of the day. ,ampetenans were all proud of the sue- OSS of the St. David's College and d eartily wished it increased prosperity; 1\ ut no doubt, like other institutions of its k ind, it had its share of old fogeyism and fl onventiona 1 ism. He hoped that the in- g ependent attitude of Professor Green J -ould be the means of sending a breeze 3 f fresh air through the corridors and S lassrcoms that would make for virility, q obustness and independence of thought ? 11 the students. Of course no one would J ream of holding the Professor responsible s or anything he (the Chairman) might H ay. (Laughter.) ° rj x-'rofessor Tyrrel Green, wiho wa's ac- b ompanied by Miss Green, was enthusi- « stically received. Referring to a re- nark by the Chairman, he said 1 ohcy of St. David's College was a liJr^ h ne. There were no bests- tvff r' n ral I governed bv a reprawntative^d?! » l that I f Wales wa. ot 2 Voceeding, ]le 'sa;fi 1 11 } 8 Council. ,ake a t,^t afd'atout CSm"'no?ing ,tlu,t f1""1 bSn ;rfClbindsaTdmfhaJ°h^s k»owWie.bH 1 & u' IS ? mt if Jones was not present* lid NOTLZZXT him that he hought hls rellg?ous views and mt that ES +u-aS ^reati-v mistaken; s TheJ alsT tl? t feak- (i±ear' hea^> Orders «l!ai1 that he as a clerk in Holy watiferinnf i ■iaddress Political fds infl? £ nh,v zt was destmctive of him tn u Po1^1^ were to° sordid for no? Poht,cs- however, were dona S t l for clergymen and college year ^L f the beginning of the Roberts' aPPea1:^ on Mr Fossett iionerts s platform. (Hear, hear ) Hp would reply, "What is sauce for the tSTtT sauce for the gander." (Laugh- cwL t1hought w-as a mistake for aloo^?en andx.educated men to stand did +a m P0,'s. If politics were sor- plert> w°uld not become any better bv V ^vr"en refusing to have anything to w„rth fhen!- Gn?n then .it on to give four general reasons for 8 a Liberal. The first was that he rp7>rnn a Liberal His parents were Pa-hot Radicals. (Laughter and cheers.) fre did not, however, consider that a suf- ncent reason, but it was one that in- nuenced many people. The second reason was that the Liberal party was the party of progress and of breadth of view. The third reason was that it was the patriotic narty. Under this head the speaker aealt with the Territorial movement and Praised Mr Haldane's scheme. THie fourth reason was that the Liberal party ^as a party of fixed principles while the Conservatives were opportunists. The speaker went on to deal with what he called his particular reasons for being a Liberal, and said it was because the pro- gramme of the Liberal party was good for the countrv now. Professor Green also spoke on the questions of the House of Lords, free trade, land, and the Church. S;>eaking on the latter question, he said he was not afraid of disestablishment or what would have to follow, namely, dis- endowment. He was definitely in fav- our of disestablishment and there was an increasing number of Churchmen who wanted it and would be willing to pay the price of disendowment for it. He was for disestablishment because present Conditions tended to hamper the spiritual work of the Church. The present state of things robbed the laitv and the clergy- men of a voice in the management of Church affairs and blocked the needful reform of the Church. The speech was punctuated by loud cheers and the meeting was very enthusi- la,tic thO'UghjxifU Alr A. E. Edwards proposed a vote of thanks to the speaker which was seconded by Alderman Charles Evans, while Alderman Timothy Ridhards supported the motion. A vote of thanks to the Chairman was proposed by the Rev Mr Atkins and seconded by Mr E. Davies, Soar House- The Chairman, in acknowledging the vote, referred to the presence of Miss Green and said she had evidently been born Liberal, and hoped she had been _1_ _1 -J. 1,

HYDCY MERE, LAMPETER Political Meeting.—On Saturday even- r a meeting was held in the Council hool to further the candidature of Mr 1m Hinds for West Carmarthen. The iir was occupied by Mr Thomas, Llid- lenog. the meeting was well attended d speeches were made by Messrs R ai/S' T^rlp^ir» K- Davies, A. E. Ed- o s, D. I ivy Jones, Lampeter; Evans fnpercyn; Jones, Llanybyther. vote support of the .candidate was proposed Mr Arnold Davies, Lampeter, seconded Dr Davies, Llanybyther, and carried ammously.

LLANON. M\\Sge ,0f M,1SS Marian Williams.- re i i'i y' December 7th, the vil- ,e ot Lilanon was en fete with flags and nting and several arches of evergreens. d been erected on the route to the tu.cli, the occasion being the wedding the Rev D James. vicar of Pencar ar Lampeter, and Miss Mari WIl- rn s, Glynpens Villa, Llanon. The cere- my took place at Llansantffrmd Parisii "Cn nIJ^ 0fficiatmg clergy were the v j1' Alo''g;u| (bnde's uncle); the 'v r, • Jone§ Mauley (bride's uncle); and Rev U. Lewis, vicar of the parish. e bride was given away by. her uncle, r E. Jloigan, The Green, and looked fi m a dress of white satin trimmed th leal Lucks lace, court train, and il wreatiied, orange blossoms and white ather. She carried a beautiful bou- et of whi:e chrysanthemums. Miss imams, the bride's only sister, acted as bridesmaid and was dressed in a beaver- loured velvet, trimmed with cream lace -f^+e a 1 and carried a bouquet uhue flowers. The best man was the ide groom s brother (Dr. James, Lod-e • riv, the service was fully cSioral, the ide being a member of the Church loir, and the service was well rendered roughout. After the wedding, the party turned to Glynperis Villa where break- 't laid. 1 he guests included many rsonal friends of the bride and bride- oom, ner Sunday School Class, and the ansantffraid Church Clioii*. Mr and is James left in the course of the after- on en route for London where the neymoon is to be spent. The bride's ivellmg dress was corduroy velvet aver-coloured skirt and coat with hat ma to IK She also wore a sable stole tii muff presents included the fol- Amg:—Bnde n presents: Bridegroom to ide, gold brooch. Father of bride, eqiie. Mother, cheque. Sister, silvers. ie Rev D. R. and Mrs Morgan, Bryn- Tran (uncle and aunt), set of solid sil- r tea spoons with tongs in case. The ?v H. J and Mrs Manlev, Llanbedrog ncle and aunt), solid silver mounted essing case. Captain and Mrs Sinnett- klla..C'I n..I+r. 1-1- — ^^11 ^uncie ana aunt), pair of rge Japanese vases. Aliss Morgan, The reen (aunt), three large pictures-copies F celebrated paintings. Mr Morgan The reen (uncle), Gladstone bag and travel- ng rug. Captain D. M. and Miss Sin- ett-Jones (cousins), claret glasses. Miss Lanley (cousin), colmer crumb brush and ray. Mr. George Manley (cousin), rotesque hgure. Messrs Jim and Row- 1 Morgan (cousins), set of table orna- lents. The Rev R. L. and Mrs Morgan, Vmdu, silver breakfast cruet. Miss iorgan Aelybryn, silver-mounted biscuit ox. Misses Rowland, Mount Pleasant, 'ver egg stand. Mr and Mrs Rowland, antanamlwg, silver sugar and cream. liss Rees, Court, chippendale palm and, with old plate and jug. Mrs lavies, Llainlwyd, silver-mounted cake late. Mr EBwards, Pantwhilog, copper- lounted coal cauldron. Mrs Edwards* do ak tea tray. Mr J. D. Edwards, 'pair f salt cellars. Mrs Rowlands. Penbanc ak crumb brush and tray. Captain D. forgan and Mrs James, Cadwgan, silver incneon tray. Mrs Clarke, White Hall, "ine glasses. Miss Davies. Chapel-street' ine glasses. The Rev D. Lewis and Mi&<; rewis. set of silver-mounted fish eaters in ase. The Rev J M Evans and Mrs Evans, lerthyr, cheque. Mr and Mrs Price, lorfa, pair of silver-mounted fish carvers. r Jenkyn Lewis, pair of silver-mounted arvers. Mrs Jones, Central Hotel sil- er bread plate with platter. Captain M. Evans, Ontario, half dozen carved ^ory serviette rings (Chinese) Mrs )a\ies, Ontario, pair of Indian embroi- ered pillow slips. Captain Davies and Irs Rees, silver tea caddy. Miss Jen- ins, Llangwyryfon Vicarage, silver ower bowl. Mr and Mrs E. J. Mor- an, Lampeter, one dozen teaspoons. Mr Evans, Star of Isle, pair of placques. ifiss Price, Glandulas, silver photo frame. Ir Howell, Aberystwyth, eiderdown uilt. Lieutenant T. James, pair of rhite kid slippers. Mrs Thomas, Bridge hid, set of jugs. Miss Davies, Tycefn, il ver-mounted salt cellar. Miss C. A. loi-ris, silver cake knife and jam spoon. 'he Rev E. Davies (Pcwys), double racket. Miss Evans, Cwmvov, two solid dver serviette rings. Mrs Jones, Llwyn )nn, silver-mounted salt cellar. Miss tichards, Marian Villa, silver-mounted mtter cooler. Mrs Edwards, Alltgoch, ndian photo frame. Mrs Hughes, Wol- erhampton, table cover. Miss Morris, )e,iiyboiit, marmalade jar. Mrs Hicks, heese stand. Miss Morgan, Peris-ter- ace, set of jugs. Miss Jenkins, duche-sse able covers. Mrs Thomas. Ystrad, sugar ongs. Mrs Roberts and Miss Jones, Har- iston, silver-mounted cake plate. Mrs fames, Maesllyn, trinket set. Mr D. livans, jeweller, silver hot water J. diss M. E. Jenkins, Tynewydd, solid sil- er jam spoon and butter knife in case, diss Davies, Pant-teg, massive brass fire rons. Mr and Mrs Davies, Tonn, silver- nounted fish carvers in case. Mrs Ed- wards, Urgent House, tablecloth Mr nd Mrs Morris Jones, Tregynan, sugar md cream on silver stand. Miss Ed- rards, Troedrhiw, silver sardine dish. Irs Davies, Digoed, brass fire irons. blisses Evans, Peris Villa, silver cruet tand. Mrs Davies, Frampton Park- ■oad, silver egg stand. Miss G. Davies, litto, centre-piece. Miss C. Davies, Pant- ;eg, pair ot salt cellars. Miss Lewis, silver-mounted jam jar. 'Mrs Jones, jwvnfa, afternoon teacloth and two serviettes. Mrs Morris, Lewis Cottage, :eapot on stand. Misses Cruickshank, large ornamental flower pot. Miss Mor- gan, Elder House, pair of stockings. Mr D. Davies, Bridge-street, table lamp; Miss A. J. Thomas, Mien House, tea pot an stand; Mrs Davies, Elder House, two pairs of stockings; Mrs Davies, Tyhen, tablecloth; Mr and Mrs Morgan, The Dauntless, writing case; Mrs Morgan, Pier-street, silver cake basket; Mr Wm. Richards, Market-street, silk umbrella; Miss Sarah Davies, fancy carved table; Miss C. Evans, Pentre, silver sugar dredger and jam s^con; Miss Jones, Court, old jug and plate; Mr Richards, Tyllwyd, tablecloth; Mrs Williams, euadd, six basins; Miss Evans, Rose Villa, silver photo frame; Mrs Stroud, Newport, tablecloth; Mr and Mrs Davies, Gwastad, hall set; Mrs Jones, Bristol House, sugar bowl and cream jug. Mrs Jones, Levazit, tablecloth; Mrs Evans, Trial House, oak framed pictures; Miss Jones, Carpentaria, pair of framed pic- tures Miss Eliza Morris .sugar bowl and cream jug; Miss Jenkins, Arddbori, pair of flower vases: Mrs .Jones, Vigilant, bread fork; Mrs Jenkins, Tygwyn, two glass dishes and cakestand Mrs Richards, The Panteg, oranmental flower pot; Capt and Mrs Jenkins, Morwylfa, silvers in case; Miss Beckett, pair of vases: Mrs Jones, Roseland, pair of preserve" dishes; Mrs Eyans, Swan, pair of china orna- ments: Mrs Jones, Troedrhiw, teapot and stand Mrs Evans, Euston, pair of china, ornaments; Mrs Griffiths, Plough, re- triever puppy; Messrs E. and T. Lloyd, Maesgwynne, cheque; Miss Jenkins, Pantteg, pair of hand-worked satin pic- tures Mrs Scott, Wakefield, tablecloth; Rev Moses and Mrs Davies3 Delfan, silvers in case; also a beautiful oak tea. tray with engraved silver presentation plate from her Sunday School class. Bridegroom s presents Dr and Mrs James, Lodge Park (brother), set of solid silver salt cellars in case. The Rev En Jones, vicar of Llandorery, Alford's Com- mentary of New Testament in four vol- umes. Miss Isaac, the Ems, Llandov- ery, two silver serviette rings. Miss Davies. Llangeler. cheque. Miss Jones, Llandovery, bread fork. Mr J. James, J.P., Ffynonhowel, cheque. The Rev J. Davies. Llandovery, sardine dish. The Rev H. J. Manley. Llanbedrog, blotter. Mr and Mrs Edwards, Porthmawr, writ- ing desk. Mrs James, ditto, pair of car- vers. The Rev J. M. Williams, Llan- gynidr, Dummelow's Bible Commentary- Mrs Davies, Charles-street, Llandyssul, cheque. Mr E. Evans, Pengaer. --Iver inkstand. Mrs Jones, Pencwmt 19.