Monmouthshire Merlin

MONMOUTH. I THE RODEN DIVORCE SUIT.-In the Court of Queen's Bench, Westminster, on Wednesday, the 31st ult., before Justices Blackburn and Quain, an application was made by Mr. Mereweather on behalf of Mrs Roden to make the award in this Monmouth divorce suit a rule of Court. It will be remembered that Mrs. Roden petitioned the Divorce Conrt for a judicial separation from her husband, Colonel Roden. The suit stood over, however, and the parties entered into an arrangement for a deed of separation, with the understanding that any dispute as to allowance should. be referred to the Hon. George Denman, Q.C. The latter gentleman made his award, hence the present application. It was opposed, however, by Dr. Spinks on the part of Colonel -Roden, on the ground that this being a matter in the Divorce Court, the Court had no power to interfere. The Court held that the award, being the award of an arbitrator appointed by common consent, clearly came within their jurisdiction. It must, therefore, be made a rule of Court, leaving it to the other side to raise any point when the award was sought to be put in force. PAVING COMMISSIONERS MEETING. The usual monthly meeting of the Paving Com- missioners was held in the Jury-room of the Borough Court on Monday last. His Worship the Mayor pre- sided, and there were also present—Dr. Mayon, Alderman Watkins, and Messrs. T. Hyan, B. Stevens, T. Baker, W. and C. Whitehead, J. James, T. J. A. Williams and Mr. W. Cossens, Clerk to the Board. The business was of a general character. Some discussion arose in consequence of the report by the Surveyor that he experienced considerable (^difficulty in obtaining paving stone for the repair of the pavement in different parts of the town. Alderman Watkins suggested that the Surveyor should communicate with the contractor for the Ross and Monmouth Railway respecting the paving stone, for he bad been given to understand that the Railway Company were quarrying for stone to build the bridges, and if that were so a considerable quantity of stone fit for paving purposes—which would other- wise be broken up—might be obtained. Mr. Hyam said that the paving now turned up" by the Railway Company in their quarrying for stone to build the bridges was of a superior quality. It was decided that the Surveyor should communi- cate with the railway contractor upon the subject. With reference to the letting of the grass for Chippenham Mead, which was the next matter brought on the tapis, it was mentioned that Mr. T. S. Williams, who is the owner of a portion of the grass laud, objected to re-letting his part, and it was de- cided that a deputation consisting of Alderman Watkins and Mr. W. Hill should wait upon Mr. Williams, and endeavour to persuade him lo meet the views of the Paving Commissioners and allow the grass to be let by auction. It was reported that the sum paid for the grass during the past twelve months amounted to zC135 16s. Od., and Superintendent Wheeldon was allowed X5 commission for having collected the same. The Board having resolved itself into a Watch Com- mittee then considered a report from the Superinten- dent that he had made clandestine visits to the trades- men in the town, and had inspected the various weights and measures, the result of suchinspection being that he had in some instances impounded the weights on account of their being below the standard. he deficiencies in weight however were so trivial, and could be accounted for in consequence of the wear and tear experienced since the last inspection, that he had considered it advisable to consult the Committee on the subject before issuing summonses against the offenders. The^VIayor suggested that the owners of the defec- tive weights should be cautioned aud informed that in case of the offence being repeated summonses would be issued against them. 0 Mr. Stevens took his seat at the Board, having been only elected to the vacancy caused by the decease of Mr. Webb. The Board then adjourned.

CRUMLIN". MUTUAL IMPROVEMENT SI)CIETY.-On Friday eve- ning last, a lecture, entitled "Souvenirs ef Charles Dickens," was delivered by Mr. George Cress mith, of London, to the members of the above Institute.* Com- mencing with the early life of the celebrated novelist, the lecturer launched, with appreciative humour, into the Pickwick Papers," Sketches by Boz," and others, illustrating with telling force the characters of the immortal Sam Weller, Alfred Jingle, andSarey Gamp, then gliding into the pathos of the Christmas Carol," with its charming episode of Tiny Tim and Old Serooge. The lecturer completely won the atten- tion lIf his audience, and earned a well-deserved vote of thanks which was given to him at the close of the lecture by Mr. H. N- Maynard, who ably presided.

ABERBEEG. THE LATE FATAL COLLISION ON THI RAILWAY.— The Government Inspector of railways, Lieuteuaot- Col-MD F H. Rich, R. E., in his report to the Board of Trade respecting the recent fatal collision that occurred on the 11th alt., at Aber'oeeg Station, on the Monmouthshire Railway, says that the screw breaks on the double waggons were very bad and insufficient, and that, the ac. ideni. having bee.' caused by a faulty link of a coupling chain, he does not think the safety of A train ought to depend on a siugle link. In this case the links had never been tested, nor was it known by whom they had been made. He considers that on all railways two centre couplings should be used to couple goods waggons together, and more particularly on lines of such steep inclines as the Monmouthshire Railway. Colonel Rich further re- commends that the trains should be provided with a larger amount of break power, and that there should be a larger proportion of guards and breaksmen to assist in shunting operations.

CHEPSTOW. BOARD OF GUARDIANS, SATURDAY. -Present: MR W. Æ oeys (in the chair), Rev. J. 'Vice, Messrs. J. Taylor (vice-chairmaa), J. Morris, G. Stnedley, J. Powell, A. Miller, T. Woodward, D. Baker, C. T. Chandler, C. Rymer, G. Roberts, W. Garland, F. Bullock, J. P. Rvmer, A. Arthur, T. P. Williams; Captains Lewis aud Jenkins ex officio.—The statistics as presented in the master's report were as follows Inmates 152, against HiD last week, and 139 in the corresponding week of last year vagrants relieved, 35. Balance in the treasurer's hands, £295 16s. 9<1 —A man named Walters, from the parish of Llangwm attended the Board, and refused to pay (through inability, as he stated) 3s. lOd. per week for ten weeks towards the maintenance of his daughter, aged Id years, who is an inmate of the workhouse. After consultation, the guardians reduced the payment to Is. d' per week. This the man positively refused to pay, and the clerk was ordered to issue a summons for the full amount. AValters left the room, telling the Guardians they should have all the family.

FLORTLINE !—FOR THE TEETH AND BREATH.—A few drops of the Flagrant FlorUine on a wet tooth brush produces a delightful foam, which cleanses the Teeth from all impurities, strengthens and hardens the gums, prevents tartar, and arrests the progress of decay. It gives to the Teeth a peculiar and beautiful whiteness, and i imp.rts a delightful fragrance to the breath. It removed | all unpleasant odour arising from decayed teeth, a dis- ordered stomach, or tobacco smoke. The Flagrant FlorUine is purely vegetable, and equally adapted to old and young. It is the greatest Toilet discovery of the ages SOld at 2s. 6d. by all Chemists and Perfumers. Prepared only by H. C. GALLUP, 493, Oxford-street, London. The i wortl Floriline" is a Trade Mark." ri "THE LION, THE NET AND THE MOUSE.To prevent Pir ites, and unprincipled Traders from deceiving the public, the proprietor of POWELL'S BALSAM OF ANIOEED has been compelled to adopt the above Trade Mark (Lion, Net and Mouse), and thi.; design will in future continue to appear upon the wrapper of each genuine Bottle, a id any one imitating it will render themselves liable to FINE or IMPRISONMENT. The following letter will bear testimony to the wonderful curative properties of this OLD COUGH MEDICINE.—"Her Majesty's Gun Boat, Netley,' Wick, North-East Coast of Scotland, 7th September 1808. Dear Sir-—Having had a most distressing and severe Cough, which caused me many sleepless nights and restless days, I was recommended hy His LORDSHIP THE EARL OF CAITHNESS, to try your most invaluable Balsam of Aniseed, and I can assure you with the first dose I found immediate relief, even without having to suspend my various duties and the first small bottle completely- cured me, therefore I have the greatest confidence in full mcomnen ling it to the million. Most respectfully yours W LINZELL, H.M.G.B. 'Netley.' To W. Powell." Pre- riared and Sold by THOMAS POWELL, 10 Blickfriars Road ondo'n • and Sold by Chemists and Medicine Vendors throughout the World. In Bottles only at Is Itd and 2s 3d.°each Ask for POWELL'S BALSAM OF ANISEED.' A MOTHER CURE OF FOUR YEARS' ASTHMA BY DR. LOCOCK'S PULMONIC WAFERS.—" Matilda Shaw, of Har- Jin"hay has been severely afflicted with asthma for four years so that she could only he in one position m bed. After taking three boxes of Dr.Locock s Wafers she is so fir cured as to be able to He m any posture without pain lar curea as walk anv reasonable pace or or inconvenien the relief and cure of d.stance Her testimony is, th. Witness Mr. E. asthma the Wafers are inva „r SQUIRE, Louth." Dr. Locock's Wafers give infant relief to Asthma, Consumption, Coughs, Colds Bronchitis and all disorders of the throat, breath, and Hysterical, Nervous, and Heart Complaints, and in Rheu- matic and Nervous Pains, they act like a charm. Nothing else gives such a sound, refreshing night's rest. To singers and speakers Dr. Locock's Wafers are invaluable for (Hear- ing and strengthening the voice. They taste pleasantly. Sold by ail Druggists. JL lid- and 2a. 9d. per box.

MONMOUTHSHIRE CHAMBER OF AGRICULTURE. The annual meeting of the members of the above Chamber was held at the Three Salmons Hotel, Usk, on Monday last. Present-A. D. Berrington, Esq., President, in the chair; Messrs. G. R. Greenhow- Relph (Usk), John Hill (Llancayo), Herbert Williams (Southbrook), Warren Evans (Llandowlais), T. F. Hallen (Race Farm), M'Intosh (Wernddu), Williams (Steps), J. Jones (Trostrey), T. Williams (Aberfrwd), Williams (Llanarth), J. S. Stone (Newport), J. Howells (Blackford), J. Morgan (Little Mill), M. Ion (Rhoswen), C. D. Phillips (Newport), Lewis Williams (Redwick), Peter Marfell (Cwm), W. Morgan (Chain Bridge Farm), J. Haines (Llanrothell), T. J. A. Williams (Monmouth), J. Culverwell (Abergavenny), T. Edwards (Llanarth), Joseph Frost (Llandenny), Thomas Derrett (Mardy), &c., &c. The Chairman read the following reports :— Report of the Council to the Monmouthshire Chamber of Agriculture, February 5, 1372. The Council present herewith a statement of the accounts for the past year, duly audited. It will be ob- served that whilst the income on paper is sufficient, and the estimated balance considerable, the subscriptions are very seriously in arrear. By this means what would otherwise be a. very satisfactory statement, is converted into one showing a small deficit. The subscription (5s.) is so trifling that members could easily transmit it in stamps by the post, and they would thus save the Hon- orary Secretaries much unnecessary labour of collection. The number of members at present stands at two hundred and eighty-four, of whom ten are life members. At the last general meeting the President promised that he would not lose sight of the question relating to the incidence of Local Taxation. During the spring and summer he attended as a deputed member several meet- ings of the Central Chamber of Agriculture in Loudon and later in'the year a meeting of the Committee of the Boards of Guardians of Monmouthshire was held at Newport. A deputation from this Chamber was invited to attend, and a memorial to Quarter Sessions was adopted. The magistrates in Quarter Sessions have since agreed to petition Parliament to enquire fully into the whole question of Local Taxation. Mr. Fletcher's motion with respect to compensation to tenants for unexhausted improvements was referred by the Chamber to a Committee, which has met on. several occasions during the year, and which will to-day present its report The Royal Agricultural Society have decided on hold- ing their annual meeting at Cardiff during the present year, and a stimulus cannot fail to be thus givon to the improvement of the agriculture of the district. The Council have, as always, to express their very best thanks to the Honorary Secretaries, Mr. Pybus and Mr. Stone, and also to tke District Secretaries, for the great trouble.they have taken in the management of the affairs of the Chamber; and they trust that members will show their sense of those labours by a more punctual discharge of their subscriptions. "A. D. BERRINGTON, President." Report of the Committee appointed by the Monmouth- shire Chamber of Agriculture .[to consider the question of Compensation to Tenants for Unex- hausted Improvemcoits. Your Committee nav.3 fully considered the question which was referred to them, and they desire to record their sense of the clearness and ability with which Mr. Fletcher has treated it. They are, however, of opinion that it would Rot be in the powel of the Chamber to adopt his suggestion of establishing a custom on the sub- ject which should have the force of law and that, even if this were practicable, it would neither be desirable nor fair towards the landlords. They have therefore, with the view of carrying out their instructions, drawn uncertain clauses, the provisions of which they consider equitable in case3 where high farming preuails and which they think might be gradually adopted as a whole or in part in the agreements of many estates. They wish it, however, to be distinctly understood that in doing so they have 11() desire to dictate to any landowners the course they should pursue, but merely to record in a convenient form their opinion of the relative values of different unexhausted improvements. The clauses are founded to some extent on the prize essay of the Royal Agricultural Society pub- lished in the Journal for 186.; The outgoing tenant to be aHowed— 1. For all lime and undissolved bones used in the arable land in the last year of the tenancy, one half the cost, and for that used. in the last year but one one-fourth the cost. ■ 1. For all cake or corn consumed, or Peruvian guano, superphosphate of lime, or other soluble manures (not being nitrogenous) used on the arable 1 in 1 in the last year of tenancy, one-third the cost. "'3. For undissolved tones applied to meadows or p >r manent pasture the full cost, less one-eighth part for each year since application. the above three clauses are not to include the manure or feeding stufl's purchased with the proceeds of hay, straw, or roots, sold under any agreement with the land- lord. .1.. In nil draimigir mioculuil In a pjruiaueut manner (provided it is done with the written sanction of the land- lord), on delivery of a plan of the drains and outfall, and an accurate account of the cost, the full cost less one- fourteenth part for each full year since such draining wa3 done. "'5. For new quxekset fences, made with the written .consent of the landlord, the same having been kept clean and well taken care of, the full original cost, less one- tenth part for each full year .since the planting. 6. For healthy iruit trees planted within seven years, with the written consent of the landlord, and properly preserved, the full cost price. 7. For new buildings, if erected in a substantial and permanent manner, and with the written consent of the landlord, the full cost, less one-twentieth part for each full year since the work was done.' "A. D. BERRINGTON, Chairman." Mr. J. S. Stone then read the following statement of accounts. Whilst going through the items he stated that the amount of subscriptions received up to this day had "reduced the amount of arrears to about £ 70, but the money received had not been sullicicnt to pay all the claims against the Chamber, whereas if all subscriptions were paid up there would be a balance of zC55 Os. 9,1. to their credit. Dli. £ s. d. To 'Life Member's Subscription (J. A. Rolls, Esq.). 5 0 0 Member's Subscriptions 40 6 0 Balance due to ilou. Sees.„ 5 15 114 £51 1 lli CR. £ s. d. By balance due to tke Hon. Sees., as per last Statement 7 3 7 Disbursements at Annual and other Meetings 5 15 9111 Expenses of Deputed Members to Central Chamber (Dec., 1870) 3 3 0 Subscription to Central Chamber 5 0 0 Postage Stamps, Telegrams, and Car- riage of Parcels 16 8 I Printing Pamphlets, Rules, Reports, and Ad vertlSlng 23 2 11 S51 1 IU A further statement showed that there were sub- scriptions unpaid amounting to jf 99—with outstanding liabilities of about £44. Mr. -H. S. Williams called attention to the large amount due to the llereford Journal, and Mr. Stone explained that it was an outstanding account which had not been paid for want of funds. The reports and statement of accounts were severally adopted and ordered to be printed for circulation amongst the members. ELECTION OF OFFICERS. The Chairman said with regard to the election of officers, which was the next matter for their considera- tion, he had been commissioned to communicate with Mr. Charles Lewis, of St. Pierre, to learn if he would consent to be proposed as President, and he was happy to till them Mr. Lewis had consented to act. He hesitated at first, because he said it would be impossi- ble for him to be present at this meeting, but when told the Chamber would excuse his absence from the annual meeting if he would give them the benefit of his services he consented to act. ID was then proposed by the Chairman, seconded by Mr. John Morgan, and carried with acclamation, that Mr. Charles Lewis be the President for the year. The Chairman announced that the next annual meeting will be held at Chepstow, and he hoped the members living in that neighbourhood would use their influence to induce gentlemen who had not joined to do so in time to be present at that meeting. On the motion of Mr. John Morgan, the Hon. G. Morgan, M.P., Mr. J. A, Rolls, Mr. G. R. Greenhow- Relph, Mr. John Lawrence, and Mr. A. D. Berring- ton (the latter in place of Mr. Clay, in order that there might be one vice-president for each district) were unanimously elected vice-presidents. The Chairman said their next business was to elect two hon. sees., and he thought they could not do better than ask Mr Stone and Mr Pybus to give them the be- nefit of their services as hitherto. The Chamber was ex- tremely indebted to those gentlemen for the valuable assistance they had afforded, and he would move that a vote of thanks to that effect be entered on the minutes. (Hear, hear.) Mr. G. R. Greenhow-Relph seconded the motion, which was carried unanimously. Mr. Stone thanked them very kindly for the vote of thanks they had passed to his colleague and himsslf for services during the past year,and whilst consenting to accept office during the year current, said he must express a hope that the Chairman would make it a rule to fine hon. sees. £ 10 if they held office longer than five years. (Laughter.) He thought five years a pretty good apprenticeship, and that it would be to the interest of the Chamber if some one else wbuld come forward and undertake the duties of that office. Mr. Thomas Williams proposed and Mr. John Mor- gan seconded a hearty vote of thanks to the Chairman for his services as President during the past year. (Applause.) The Chairman said he was very much obliged to them for the kind manner in which they had given him a vote of thanks. He was sorry he had not been able to do more, but could assure them what he had done was done willingly and to the best of his ability. Tha district councils were all re-appointed. In Monmouth dictrict Mr. S. Roberts, Danyrhiew, takes the place of Mr. McMaster, deceased. Mr. Jones, Trostrey, was transferred from the Aberga- venny to the Usk district, and Mr. James Parry, Hardwick, added in his place. It was resolved, on the motion of the Chairman, that the district hon. sees, be requested to continue their services, and a vote of thanks was accorded to them for past assistance. This concluded the formal business and the members adjourned to the assembly-room, where a most excel- lent and substantial dinner was awaiting them. After the removal of the cloth, The Chairman announced, for the information of those members who were not able to be present at the meeting, that Mr. Lewis had consented to act as Pre- sident for the ensuing year. He then proceeded to detail what had been done in the Chamber during the year of his presidency. The principal question, and that which he thought was nearest the hearts of most of them, was Local Taxation. (Hear, hear.) It might perhaps be remembered that at the last annual meeting at Abergavenny he was called upon, as Presi- dent of the year, not to lose sight of this subject, and he had not lost sight of it. When in London he attended several meetings of the Central Chamber, and there the matter was very fully discussed. During the last session it was also taken up by Government, and some bills were introduced. Had there been any likelihood of those bills being proceeded with, it would have become his duty to call a meeting of this Chamber to consider them; but it was so evident from the first that they were only put forward to try the public feeling on the subject, and would not be carried, he felt it was unnecessary to call the mem- bers together for that purpose. Those bills could not in any sense be considered as satisfactory to agricul- turists, for what they d-d give was given to the towns, and not to the country. They did certainly relieve the tenant to some extent by putting the rates upon the landlord, but then that would naturally in the end have led to increased rents, so that the tenants would have been no gainers. What they wanted was to see local taxation more fairly and evenly adjusted, so as not to have all the locai expenses pressing so heavily upon the land. (Applause.) Later in the year it was thought advisable that a Committee from the Board of Guardians should meet to inquire into the subject, and a deputation from this Chamber was invited to attend. At the meetings of this Committee the question was again discussed, a"nd a memorial to Quarter Sessions adopted, praying the magistrates to use their influence ia moving the Government to relieve the burdens at present thrown on the rates. The memorial was presented at Quarter Sessions, and a discussion ensued, which resulted in the magistrates adopting a petition to Parliament, asking for an inquiry into the whole question. That is how the matter stands at present. Another subject which had been under con- sideration daring the year was that of compensation to tenants for unexhausted improvements. The subject was very ably brought under the notice of the Chamber by Mr. Fletcher at the last annual meeting, and was afterwards referred to a committee. That committee had met several times, and very fully considered the question, but they felt they would hardly be justified, in adopting Mr. Fletcher's views. That gentleman spoke of a. custom that had been adapted in Lincoln- shire, which was allowed to have the same force as law, an& he strongly advocated the adoption of a similar custom in Monmouthshire. The Committee, however, felt it was not in their power to adopt such a course in this canuty, and even if they did so, it would not have been fair to those landlords who had not joined in the movement. The Committee afterwards drew up a report, in which they sketched out what amount of compensation they thought would be fair for a certain class of improvements, aud that report would be printed for general circulation among the members very shortly. He did not know that there was any 0ther point to which he ought to allude, unless it was to call attention to the great arrears of subscriptions, He thought when gentlemen-looked at the statement of accouuts and saw that the arrears of subscriptions exceeded the amount of one year's! income they would admit it was not a creditable state of things. One of their hon. sees, had told them to-day he felt great reluctance in oil with kis duties, and it was to be feared uhat reluctance arosti, in a great measure, from i;ke diffioulty ho ovj>oriuvkoud. in jotting in H- subscrip- tions. The amount to be paid by each subscriber is so small it might easily he senate the secretary in postage etainps. He really hoped after this that gentlemen who supported the Chamber would feel it their duty j to support the hon. secretaries in this respect. (Hear, i hear.) He then annoimeed that the next annual meeting would be held at Chepstow, aud tint Mr. Pybus (hon. see.) would bring the matter under the notice of the residents in that district. A hearty vote of thanks having been accorded to the Chairman, and suitably acknowledged, discussion was duvited. The first subject introduced was the CONTAFJIGUS DISEASES (ANIMALS ) ACT. Mr. T. Williams (Aberfrwd) thought the great expense incurred by veterinary inspection which was really unnecessary, required that something should he done. (Hear, hear.) In Gloucestershire the Act was being worked by the magistrates and the police, but it had been said in this county the police could not undertake the duty of inspection, because they could not tell when shab was in sheep. He would not 3-d "Üt that as an excuse, for in five minutes he would under- take to teach every policeman in Monis.outhshire how to know when there was shab in sheep. (Laughter.) Mr. Greenhow-Relph asked if he would open a semi- nary ov hospital for the instruction -of the police. (Loud laughter.) Major Herbert said he was glad to hear Mr. Wil- liams had so good an opinion of the county police, and he promised, if Mr. Williams would undertake to teach the police to know shab, he would undertake that they should act as inspectors. (Hear, hear, and laughter.) In order to show them the difficulty to be encoun- tered, he related an instance where a policeman was called in to see that a flock of sheep was not moved. It was asserted on the one hand that the sheep were not affected, whilst the veterinary inspector declared they were suffering from shab, and forbade their being moved. The policeman did not know what to do, and they sent for him (Major Herbert) to decide. He said he was Chief Constable of Monmouthshire, but did not profess to be an expert at shab. However, he went to see the sheep met two or three expe- rienced farmers, and amongst others, Mr. Williams's brother. They said, "WIll you, as a friend, tell us if these sheep have the shab, or not V Well, they examined the sheep the farmers and himself decided that they had not the shab, but the veterinary i,1- spector, a man of great experience, declared that they had. Let them imagine what would have been the result if that had been left to a policeman to decide. Mr. T. Williams said the Major's story was in his favour. it was bearing on his own argument—that they did not want inspectors. (Laughter.) Major Herbert thought it shewed how difficult it would be far policemen to decide. However, he would not go back from his offer to let the police undertake the duty of inspection if Mr. Williams would teach them to distinguish shab. (Hear, hear.) As they had spoken of the Contagious Diseases Act, he would say here, as he had said before, that to adopt the Con- tageous Diseases Rules, which were very stringent, for a slight thing like shab was simply nonsense. (Hear, hear.) Probably the officials who drew out those rules had never seen a shabby sheep, aud imagined it was a very dreadful disease, something like cattle plague. If he might be allowed to make a suggestion, he would ask the Chamber to memorialise the Govern- ment in respect to this subject. The rules had been relaxed in regard to foot and mouth disease, aud thereby a large saving in expense would be effected. He did not see why the same rules could not be adopted in regard to shab in sheep. (Hear, hear ) Mr" T. Williams said it appeared to him their money was now going to men who did not know what shab was. Farmers did know what it was, but the inspectors, if they saw a bit of wool sticking to a gate, inspectors, if they saw a bit of wool sticking to a gate, or a tick in a sheep's back, said directly it was abab. These inspectors were receiving about £ 80 per quarter, and there they were riding round the country in a way which made it dangerous to meet one of them 'c on the road, but yet they could not tell shab. (Laughter.) The Chairman said Major Herbert had made a proposal to see if they could not get Government to place shabby sheep on the same footing as animals suffering from foot and mouth disease. Mr. T. Williams wanted to know if that would affect the gentlemen who ride about the country. Major Herbert said the gentlemen who ride about the country would then only have to make one visit instead of many. The Inspector would have no more rides after the first visit, until the farmer felt that he had got a clean bill of health he would then eend for the Inspector to certify that the farm was clean. That would be only two visits instead of 20 or perhaps more, because the Inspector is now obliged to visit once a week in order to make out his returns. If the rules for shab were assimilated with those as to foot-and-mouth disease the Inspector would in no CAse be paid for more than two visits. (Hear, hear.) Several gentlemen having expressed their entire concurrence in the remarks made by Major Herbert Mr. Jones and Mr. James also complaining that they had been fined for an infringement of the rules under circumstances which made it very hard upon them because it was to their interest to get rid of the disease as quickly as possible. Major Herbert said they must not blame either the magistrates, the inspectors, or the police, because they did not make the rules. It was the Privy Council who made the rules therefore all blame must be attached to the Privy Council, and not to those who were bound to see the rules carried out. Know- ing that, and also how hard and absurd some of those rules were, he had been led to suggest to this Cham- ber to memorialize Government for their relaxation. Mr. Greenhow-Relph said he should have much pleasure in seconding the proposition, but he should also have liked to go further and get rid of inspection, j either for shab or foot-and-mouth disease, altogether, except in the markets. It had been supposed that foot-and-mouth disease was brought into this country from abroad, but such was not the fact, for it broke out in 1S39 and 1840, long before a foreign beast ever set f(iot on their shores. He didn't see that there was any necessity for these visits from the inspectors, ex- cept for a disease so virulent as the cattle plague was, because their own interests would be sure to induce them to get rid of the disease as quickly as possible. (Hear, hear.) He quite approved of the inspection of all public markets, as he was afraid there were some men who would not hesitate to take a diseased animal to market in order to get rid of it, and thereby risk spreading the disease throughout the district into which the beast or sheep might be takeD. He would for these reasons like to see a strict inspection of markets maintained, and a severe penalty inflicted upon any person who should knowingly drive into market an animal aSected with any disease that could injure other cattle. (Hear, hear.) He agreed with Major Herbert that it would be advantageous to have shab put on the same footing as foot-and-mouth disease. Mr. Haycox concurred in the views expressed by the proposer and seconder of the motion,, and further suggested whether it would not be better to have all animals examined before they were allowed to go into a market. The Chairman agreed most cordially with the proposition, and strongly urged its adoption by the Chamber. Mr. T. Williams wished it to be understood that he had not one word to say against Major Herbert and the police. The motion was then put to the meeting and carried unanimously. LABOURERS AND THEIR DWELLINGS. Mr. Culverwell (Abergavenny) said he had been asked to bring forward a subject which had long occupied his attention, and that was the difficulty of procuring and retaining the services of really good farm labourers, and the desirability of considering whether they might not be able to get a better class of men if more comfortable dwellings were provided for them. The inconveniences to which he had been subjected had led him to give attention to the subject, and with the permission of the Chairman he would no 7 read to them his ideas on the matter as he had written them. He then read the following paper :— Being one day much annoyed by the work not going on satisfactorily, I sat down in the evening and thought —Why and what is <.he cause of the labouring -class be- coming so troublesome ?—and, as I thought, I wrote my idea,feeling it would be much easier aud less irksome tomy audience, than attempting a speech, to read to them from i paper and with the permission of the Chairman, anil the kind indulgence 9£ my brother farmers, I will lay before this Chamber a matter that is becoming quite a serious question to agriculturists, and I shall be happy to hear oh r mem be .-s discuss it. Then, if approved of someone more able than myself will form a resolution that will go forth unanimously from this Chamber to the benefit of landlord, tenant, ancllabourer, The subject is the present difficulty of having and managing, or getting a better class of farm-labjurers me a who would take some interest in their employers' business. ] am sorry to say publicly, from my owu ex- perience, and also from information received from other farmer. the labourer's interest is to get as much wages as possible, and do as little labour in return as he can, and will not believe or feel they should make themselves worthy of theit- hi.-3. I contend that a farmer should get some ••eiu"'i for the money that he daily expends on Jahou. for if he pays bis man 2s. per diem, and he oiuy eavn, IJ. or only Is. worth of labour, he is certainly robbing his e uployers. I do not wi di to drive the labourer as a slave, lo -t mosi; of us know what is a fair day's work, and have a perfect right to demaui 1 it; and we should expect of our IE en that tiey should feel themselves as one of the m.ia wneels of the f.vm, and think and act fo? the bencSu of the as who employs 1 he,,1, whereas they are now merely (I cmt compare Uiem to anything el-() mechanically-moving figure?, never caring or thinking 'jiow thev mav assisi ihe master hv taking a slisrlr: inter' -t lI1 his w¿lbL" oue Uomg 01 wmcif wouiu a-uia on-i- uess more easily managed, his property better cared for, and. establish :1 kinder 3.11,1 more grateful feeling-, besides adding much to the benefit and happiness of employer hId ■e nploved. The 1 cames the question, what is the cause ? 1 cannot believe it to be entirely from ignorance, and I have no noubi: m my here, ranch oiler than myself both in busing s and years, will say it never used to be so. I 1 never h:.cl one tithe the difficulty I have now, and I pay j much higher wages, ami vhcre only one used to be ah18 Lo read and write twenty call now, whilst under the Comp tl- sory "^education Aet the labourer's child will be better educated than I can afford to ed icate mine, becan .c I j have to pay higher rent., treble the rates, and higher j wages for les< work. "It may be itl this clblrict, from the nearness of mines -and ironworks, also froas emigration, that there is a scarcity of hands. I Another cause is from the Want of unity characteristic of farmers. Men are beccming.careless of possessing what every man should value as dearly almost as life, viz., his J character. And why ? iecause wo, by our supinenass, have allowed it to be sc. If a man is discharged for ] drunkenness, neglect, or misdemeanour, the next neigh- bour wanting a man employs him, not caring to inquire, or j hardly asking hiui for hi; character. Thus he becomes j indiiferent to what should be invaluable to every one, both j for the present and the future. In this matter we, as I farmers, are morally responsible for a certain amount of crime and degradation that helps to fill our traols and unions for when once a person begins to sink, he too often gets deeper and deeper in the mire of wickedness then the results—the gaol,-sometimes the gallows, because I he has been allowed to be oareless of a character. j Then another great cause. The responsibility here must fall on whom it belongs. It is not the poo- man mor the farmer it is the first men of the realm the landlords of England. Let us imagine ourselves walking about the different farms aiid parishes. Let us have a look at what every man should feel a delight in—his home. What do we see ? Hnrrid bevels. House or cottage ii too dignified a term for them. They ar3 (lens of nLh, w I I ere vice andimmorf.lity are engendered, not fit habitation for animals of the lowest order, and jet families—ku nan tiouls must live therein, may l>e. all sleep iu oue room for the want of more, or that the roof has fallen in over tli3 other —mm and women, b')ys and girls, altogether. The picture wan. no more painting, the dark tints are too familiar to ui all. Wiio is to bl imc here ? Compulsory cottage3 would raise the poor man quite as mu 'h, if not more. in the soci il scale, than compulsory education. We. the occu- piers, have to pay for the latter, '('here is no compulsion ou the landlord for the former. Is it consistent that edu- cation and such homes should go together ? Do the landed proprietors wish to drive the respectable labourer out cf the country ? If so, let the cottages be neglected and fall to ruin let them tumble down about the occu- pants. Then they must go, and this 1 may venture to assert is almost a common occurrence. N JW for the remedy. As I have mentioned what ia my humble opinion are the causes, they of themselves will suggest the remedies. Theii let us, the members of this Chamber, urge upon the landlords to see that every farm has its certain num- ber of cottages. That they will be conducive to the good of everyone i- a moral certainty. I wi]l not believe that cottagers would not pay a fdi per centage ou capital in- vested. if by those causes previously mentioned labour in this district is become scarce. higher wages and good houses would be au inducement, and labour could and would be imported. Many counties pay much lower wages than we do..< would sugg £ t<t that two cottages, or say a double cottage should be built for every lot) acres, with suitable gardens, and that when built, should become with a proper per centime, the tenant's part of his holding, he being respomjbJe tor the rent; that they should be built as cheaply as would be consistent with durabiliiy and comfort, and have not less t han three sleeping ap:.r.- ments. so that the rent may be estimated accordingly. That the farmer should hold out certain inducements to his men, such as giving them potato ground in addition to the wages, such to be forfeited by misconduct, and should also sell them wheat at first cost for theii bread in fact, give them every opportunity that would be consis- tent with his means. I maintain that all these matters would establish a good feeling between them. Rusine-s would become a pleasure, whereas no.v it is almost unbear- able. Land would increase in value by being better cuiii! vated. The landlord would benefit by that, the tenant b the easier and improved management of the land labourer by constant employment in his work his d'1 't and comfortable home, garden, and perquisites' Wh°° there in creation insensible to comfort 1 u know how to appreciate a comfortable >/omrt £ ? T aid worn in body and mind, is ii Z' \? Are not our labourers the same fl(. a !eSbn\l?f' *'rid "rnot ho's w ? £ S&w sl'°?u pf his„mu!" u,™e case—work all day on in* Vi' lmv'l 11 i-n' e<^ ;ln(l worn, retra e 'i:s s'<p.; to ,1'rty'.no glass in the windows, not fit A1? fV, 1?, Wlfe' Sluklv family, and misery supreme ? All this should not be-ought not "to be. Let this Cham- ber urge it upon the landlords. It is their duty. Their life is one of plenitude and luxury. Let them look at it financially. It is not a losia"- speculation. Would there not be greater remunera.tion in having raised families in the social scale-that comfort and happiness reigns where misery and squalor before abounded ? Is there not much pleasure in feeling that good has been done ? Unless something is done farms cannot be managed. They cannot be worked without labour, and that is not tp be had. I will now come to the farmers. The cause here also suggests the remedy. Let us become a more united class. Let us by united and good feeling abolish selfishness, and try and teach by precept and practice the value of truth, duty, and sobriety, and let us be determined and insist upon having and giving characters. It is incumbent on us for the benefit of society. It will and must work much good in time. If a man can better himself it is his pro- vince to do so. If deserving, it is our part to help him. It is a dnty we owe one another to help each the other. I believe we can all mutually assist, and by so doing benefit ourselves and the community at large. I have not had time to collect as much information as I should wish, and will invite, in couclusion, my brother farmers, to give us now their views on the subject." -Before sitting down he moved :— That inasmuch as the members of this Chamber find H to their loss the difficulty of getting labourers every day H bacoming more serious, and that it is a great detriment H to the proper and seasonable cultivation of the soil, they do most earnestly urge the Landlords of the County to ■ build labourers' cottages, where required, believing that such accommodation will remove the difficulty of obtain- ing labour, and will be the means, socially and morally, of improving the condition of the labourer, and add to the better cultivation of the soil, and consequently increase the value of the land." H Mr. John Morgan (Little Mill) seconded the motion. I He had not been able to catch all that Mr. Culverwell I had said, but with regard to the subject of labourers' I cottages he thought no member could have brought I forward a more important subject, or one that re- I quired more immediate attention. The habitations of I the agricultural labourers were now not only a dis- I grace to the landlords, but a disgrace to the farmers, I and must tend to demoralise the labourers very con- I siderably. (Hear, hear.) In consequence of the few I inducements there were to this class of persons to I remain at home, the best of them were emigrating to I foreign countries or removing to the manufacturing I districts where labour is better paid. The subject was I as important to the landlord as to the farmer, and I equally so to the country as well. (Hear, hear.) He I therefore had the very greatest pleasure in seconding I his friend's resolution, and he hoped the question I would be put before the farmers in some shape so that it may receive their serious attention, because if they lost the best of their labourers the land would be in- sufficiently tilled and the whole country must suffer in consequence. (Hear, hear.) It was to the labour- ing classes they were indebted for the construction of thoss great works of modern days, such as railways, docks, harbours, and every other undertaking that had conduced so materially to the welfare and happi- ness of mankind, and he thought it a disgrace to the country that, so good and valuable a class should have been so long and so greatly neglected. (Hear, hear.) He thought the heavy taxes with which cottage property is at present burdened, one great detriment to the investment of capital in that way. Why the rich owners of railway and other property should escape contributing to the institutions of society, whilst cot- tage property was paying at the rate of 16 per cent. he was at a loss to conceive. (Cries of "shame.") There was no excuse f-r it., and no palliation that he could see. With regard to the value of cottage pro- perty to investors the return is most wretched. He happened to have a few cottages in Pontypool, and in reality he got nothing from them. He would not think of investing in such property in towns, but in the country it was their duty, looking at the matter from a social point of view, to see that suitable cot- tages were provided for their labourers. He hoped this subject would engage the most serious and anxious attention of the Chamber. (Hear, hear.) Mr. Greenhow-Relph said as regarded the paper Mr. Culverwell had been kind enough to read to them it Appeared to him to take two views of the subject- the present position of farmers in regard to their labourers, any their future position. He thought that was what Mr. Culverwell desired to bring forward, and a more important subject, or one in which they were all so much interested, he did not think could have been placed before them. (Hear, hear.) As Mr Culverwell said if they were always ready to take on a hand who had been discharged by a neighbour for drunkenness, it had a tendency to make men careless of their character, but he was afraid this could not be avoided unless he had more inducement to look to his good conduct. Tt was unfortunate that it should be so, but they might have to wait a long time very often, if they waited for a man with a character of which they approved, because the good man did not change ins place. (Heir, hear) The farmers were driven every now and then to take any hand whom they would not approve of under uther circumstances. He had not many men in his own employ therefore it was ea-v for him to pick a id choose, but farmers gene- rally were bound to do it or their business stopped. 'Hear, h,.ar.) Therefore he could not blame them to the extent he might otberwis ■ ha/e done. He thought they could not look 0round tv'v' see what was g nog on in lie laoour nia-iiet 0: the country without expecting that thi day must come when the agricul- tural labourers will combine amongst themselves to seck for a reduction of their hours of work and that with such reduction they will wisn for an increase of wages. It was not wise for them to close their eves to what they see must come sooner or later therefore he wanted the farmers to look ahead and see how they could keep tint tby off as iong as possible. Many of these labouring men had to be out at live o'clock in the morning to look after their horses, and late at night, wiien they had finished their hard day's work j had nothing but a wretched comfortless hovel to J return to..How could they be surprised at such a man being tempted to dr ip into a cheery-looking public house on his way home. Then when oncif inside perhaps he would meet with companions who would keep him there longer than he intended to stay when he went in. If Mr. Culverwell's ideas with regard to the cottages could be carried out there would^not be the same temptation in the way of the labourers. If they were provided with deceut and comfortable \OUl 33 there would be a greater inducement for them TO return to their wives and families. (Hear, hear.) Why was it the labourers now were in such a degraded ) position? It was not simply because they lived in hoveL', but because they had been neglected from in- fancy. Because iliey had never been taught that they oad--«on]s, he was going to Sty-but they were never mught that, they had a mind, and never had an op- p.>. t.. <>itv of cultivating that mind so that when the labour of the day was done they could take up some interesting book to read. In this way they had from gel ation to generation been kept in the position in which their fathers were before them. There was a chance for them to get out of it now, but they (the farmers) would nave to put their shoulders to the A'heal if they would lift the children of this genera- i tton out of the slough of despond in which their i p:\rents had lived. Ic wis possible that in some dis- triers fc:i°y would have school rates, and those rates will hH 011 the farmers, but he believed if it was seen that the money was well expended they would be the last to grumble at a rate woicLvnast maiulyfall upon them. It was simply the ignorance of their labourers which In.d p> evented them combining together as the more intelligent mechanics had already done. thought if rild ses w lo make better labou^rsW payi.ig them better wages it would be to their interest to so. He Heard a farmer say the other day he could no 1. afford to give a uiau less than 2s. Gd. per day, because he s.ui the man WIID received 2s. Gd would give you a half-crown's worth of work, whilst l! vr.ho receive,! only Is. 9d. or 2s. would in all j the cheapest. What he should Jike to see t nT better cottages, and a little bit of Ian 1 j H* confessed that lie had no cott on h^FF f°u i.ig but perhaps if they p:d tlas rejointiL It would spur him up to do 1 e-)lu.tl0u rest. (Hear, hea, .) along with the Haycox strongly advocated ^1 ve t n psrauMta al,„ t J cMer nalj KnaSZ-i *"d 3 Li="el' "d* »t w«e«» m th ^I'a 11 dl'' r'['J1 an a^va.vs felt it to be the duty of for'v 't|i 1 Pr,vicle a; far as possible for the com- all >' ]/ T !° •V(i'' un Idspropeits', ami bethought m.' S ShouM takp 'lew of the question, o i-lT' There certainly was a great deal which l'-i it to je done in order to puu the houses of the a jouring classes in the condition in which they wished to See them, and for these reasons he should have much pleasure in supporting the motion. He then put it to the meeting, and it was carried unanimously. The Chairman then proposed that a vote of thanks I to Mr. Culverwell, for the able manner iu which he had brought this subject before the Chamber, and to Mr. Thomas Williams, for bringing forward the ques- tion in regard to the Contagious Diseases Act be passed to those gentlemen, and duly recorded on the minutes. Major Herbert seconded the proposition. The want of suitable cottage accommodation had, he said lonp- been felt; and in years gone bv he had often tf -v"" men, and say what yon want,' Every farmer should do so, and in course of time it would come to that. Mr. Culverwell and Mr. Williams having duly teSe »p S* ]>»« »m. the Leti/g

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