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" "i» "VxVUi/ UV/liUWUO.

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"i» "VxVUi/ UV/liUWUO. SEIE. NECESSITY AND CHARACTER. It nfijy be of importance that attention in tected to the character and to the necessity of %her board schools in places where they exist, III where, it should be added, they are doing a teessfnl as well as an important work. We we already such schools in existence in England, td they are showing results which must be very tttilying to those who take an interest in the Ideational progress of the country .• and it is -4isfactory to learn, as Lord Aberdare pointed 9t iabt week when a deputation waited upon to .rating him tu preside over a meeting for promotion of a higher board school in eounec- Mon with the Llanwonno School Board, that hvrge centres, at all events, these schools are, [^pd will doubtless continue to be, self-supporting. (Jgis in the direction of Scotland, however, that 'ijb look for the best and most general results, TPjcause it is patent to all who a.re conversant «'ith aie matter that while in Scotland the public and boards do their utmost to get the best possible ts out of the Education Acts, there is we **pM' no such consuming desire manifested in other j of the kingdom. In order to draw attention a few broad principles in connection with ti^Bondary education and the establishment of 1 ^ther schools, we may refer to some recent •arrences in Scotland. A fortrng-hi, ago Mr faster formally opened a school in connection ítb the Govan Bon-r^, and as Govan is to Glas- h" what the neighbourhood of the Bute Dock" la Cardiff, some reference to what was sa.id, done, fid anticipated on the occasion, may not be in- jportune at this moment. In the school that as opened on that occasion it is ))4eved that the higher branches of education Bl take a prominent place not only m what are JBed the university subjects, but, if the children ajpaain sufficiently long at school, in some of the gSmce subjects also and it is important to MflPtember—and it would be strange if it were not y—that as the population of the Govan district pffcs increased, so has the desire for secondary or ttfher education. As the results, so far as the ijlBsus is concerned, at Govan are even m excess S those experienced at Cardiff, it will he of Merest to point out that the increase between • Ike last two censuses at Govan was no less than BO per cent in the population. Speaking on this tbject, Mr Forster said In the last eight ■Mure before the census the children on the roll ijpcreased 150 per cent, and the average atten- dance had increased 140 per cent," and with this jbeat measure of success in elementary educa- it 5» not to be wondered at that the ovan Board is trying what it can do Mth higher education and the promotion of higher Bard schools. Are they justified in doing so ? et U8 see ? In Scotland, in 1874, 4-,407 pupils *we examined in specific subjects the next year hat grew up to 13,000, and in 1881 to no less than, 6,000. Comparisons are said to be odious, but here can be no harm done in declaring the truth. 18751,117 pupils in Scotland were passed in kathematies, and 2,703 in Latin, and these figures ad grown in 1881 to 2,809 in mathematics and ,364 in Latin. Compare this state of things with f that prevailed iu England and Wales, which has population six times as large as that of Scotland. fce pupils examined in the whole of England and tales in 1881 were 6,174 in mathematics, and tty 1,006 in Latin. | Now, it should be remembered, as Mr Forster Hfcdd hie hearers, that there is no class that pay ft both theic taxes and rates so large a Boportion of their incomes as the lower section f the middle classes and the higher section i the artisan classes. They are paying beBe rates for the elementary education of bildren of their feflow-eitizens, and they eeUlld ly—"We have a right to get a return for our ■tea by at least the same amount of money per fciW for our children and who shall say that fcis is not a demand they are entitled to make ? Sorely, it is but a reasonable concession to these highly-rated tradesmen, and others, to provide Bf them, and not for them alone, be it remenv- fcted, higher board schools where their children My receive art education suitable to their intelli- ( pace and requirements. There is another im- fortaot point which Mr Forster touched in Onsidering this part of the subject. Said he I believe you think there is a regulation in the [ which you do not altogether approve—it is k same regulation as there is in the English code 1 t no Government grant shall be given for a | tiild who pays a fee of over 9d a week." And fcie no doubt ia the case,, for there are many parents "ho would pay more were it not for this restriction. Dot there is this to be said, that under the Scotch ids, this ninepenny fee is averted that i8. here are classes to which admission is gained by the payment of about 5d per week, wir'r there Hte ethers which are entered by a fee of ever Is e.- '"eek. In the English Acts the ninepenny lee is the maximum, and no pupil is permitted to y more. In the Education Act of 1870, under the heading of definitions, it is laid down K The bnn 1 elementary school' means a school, or de- partment of a school, at which elementary eduea- tion is the principal part of the education there Pwni and does not include any school or depart- ment of a school at which the ordinary payments a respect of the instruction from each scholar ex- wed ninepence a week j" so that while in England the hands of the boards are tied, in Scotland £ *?y are permitted a certain amount of In the Scotch code it is laid 8ewn that "The ordinary payments in respect of the instruction from each child must not exceed oinepence a week. This condition has no place in either of the Scotch Education Acts, but is taken from the Elementary Education (England) Act of 1870, and forms part of the definition of a public elementary school. The Govan board interpreted it as meaning a rate of fees over the whole school equal to an average of nine shillings per quarter, or thirty-six shillings per scholar of the number in average attendance throughout the year; but the interpretation of the depart- r ment was that the fees must not exceed thirty tthiMings. A deputation waited upon the depart- tMatm 1880 in reference to this subject, and a temporary concession was granted, allowing the j of thirty shillings on the average attendance to be increased proportionately to the number of weeks in excess of 40, during which each school is epen throughout the school year. As those who are now actively engaged in the promotion of higher board schools will be guided by the experience of those who have passed initi- dory stages, w. subjoin the following letter from Mr John A. Craigie, the clerk to the Govan Parish K n0 Board, which contains particulars of int *> «s yon fc tendance e nisu w; iy so to the accommodation. rbo foe v, e charge is as high as tha code will allow .slaiiy of the parents would willingly pay more faee f;e 37 of triennial report). The cost to the rates 82 16s 4d) for the Church-street School was caused extraordinary repairs, which are not likely to eceur again. We organise our schools on the mixed ■ystem. Buildings two storeys high. Ground floor, want department and classroom; juvenile depart- ment and two classrooms. Upper floor, junior depart- ment and two classrooms; senior department find two classrooms. The headmaster has the entire charge and to responsible to the board for the management of the .»? has charge of the infant depart- "'dustrial work. In this wr,y we do not Cf? j t S¥?r>* for mistresses as is usually done roiiofiihioi'd.Schoil"eSoi <ta"'1) SKBfciiSi gJS&sB&i s$ house on the ground. WK6r. who has a P^F0. Opened Aim,* 1H70 AocoiBmod&uion, ftt oifiht Bou&vd f1879. ^6M8s 2d, or £ 8 Ss^pev iSdW ]fr\C'Jst Area of sife. 2,328. squarl i6* ftt Jt6s per gouare va.rcJ hnf .,0Zj*, by an animal feu Sf IS? U achool sates m Scotland are held in this u 0 onr Khool bWd hold, the s^ in porpetuitv atu'i '-e-' ttie rr^ttced% 1^'lU; 18821^e-7o|2a3i"3cl 1^881-<™0ntt °f M82— £ 1,140 Is. 1881—B™la^ to i ?ls 6d I wtes, £ 591 6s 4d 1832— £ 375 0s 3d pa?°j • flmd or mbjects at examinations, Aoril' IQ5O e II' sPeciflc eeonomy, 118 English Uteiuture 219 • D.om,cs«c graphy, 42 Latin, 29 mathematics 13 P <rfca.1 Seo- acholars at present studying in specific TO >» £ .*• L?f and the subjects str.died are—Phvsiral 1 ls 2°li literature, Oeck, I^atin, French, and mathemaMcsP y> Chnrch-street Public School—Opened September i R7« Acommmodation; at eight square feet 695 Th ■Aool buildings in this case were purchased anf? „„6 Itoged Year entiing January, 183l-Average attend Itoged Year ending January, 1881-Aver8.jl;e attend- mee, 390 1B32-469. 1831-Average pas«, 97^6 IM. MS1-Amount of grant, £ 370 18s; 1832^- £ <J3i 6d. 1881—Grant per scholar, 19s 1832—iss 5d JSB1—Drawing grant, £18 5s 1882-£18 191; 3d 1881 -^mount of fees, £ 412 8s 6d 1882— £ 736 6s 6d My—PTQO11^ 1°, school fund or rates, £ 5 7s Id • ttbiwk i. to rates). Passes in specific mpTiLX. ?X>r"iiry-. Domestic economv, 51 "thelStics, A. 1 Fre"ch' &4 Greek' 5 ? A cco mm oration ° r 0pene<l August, 1882. and 10 square feet S(l'1!lr5 feet for infants £ 9 16s. 4 Snnfhtr Jfer, per child. Veeific subjects, \(/f Scholars studjhig economy, literature. Lat:n studied- dom'jstiu mL J'Nnch. andinattematics. The page m the triennial report referred to in ^TfZIfon0" h T8 "■ f°ll0WS:< « parish a JsiderabWmbe^et^ ? riassand mid^e-class Wjr their Chiidren educated at .choobTder •ttspection, and were quite willing to mv » i in ";e °th» 'd;. Thf boLard were aIso of opinion that the cation to be nnparted in public schools was ly to be of an elementary, character, as shown from sectwn «7 of the Education 1) Act, 1872, "Pw/ided that due care 6n by the Scotch Education Depart- constouctjon of uch minutes, that I "»f education which now exists inthe l *iall uot be lowered, and that, ae tlwk a utaadai^ abaQ kt mm > 0, j- -■ _JU.<I JD au ichoois inspected by the s. id De-I partment.' In dealing vi th this question it must be norii.- in mind that 10 tile in England there has always I been a dispcsi'jjn to check the improvement of education, in »sj?otland the tendency has been in quite an opposite direction. As an instance of this, let us make one more reference to Mr For- ACf H-)*S^e^CiV a Scotch Education Act, L01-d OUli-T knew very well that if we merely passed an act for elementary education you i-cotchmen would not bo satisfied, and you msis ea njxm these words being inserted in the preamble, not merely to promote education, but to vil0 education of the whole people of bcotland. And this i" really what is being done, > ?ntl°n ni;,t to educate a class or classes, U, ° j,.1 eat're community up to a proper an su cient level in regard to its scholastic re- quirements. There haa been no feeUng on J6 f °/ man that his child should not be brought up with the child of the poor man, the fact being that they are educated together up to the apes of nine or ten, and it is fK' -*l i 6r ^la'; t hat the superior means of \VC1 I'arent are utilised to push his children up the educational ladder. As so much doubt appears to prevail in the minds of members of the school boards in this and 0 er istricta as to the aim and end of higher board schools, we have thought it necessary to bring every possible light to bear upon the sub- ject, and hence this article; and we think we cannot do better in conclusion than to give the prospectus and curriculum of the Polloksiiields Public School, in connection with the Govan Board, which are as follows :— Mondav^7**?be °Pened fcr the fourth session on Th^y'.7th,A^st, 1882, at 9.3« a.m. hands.oi^r00!. BUU<IINOS, which are commodious and ano-ovBri 'r.ii^aVe ^ewn constructed after the most ventilation ue attention has been given to furnialipd aud the class-rooms have been instruction w appliances requisite for efficient convenience necessary to the health are apnur^t i pupils has been provided, and there ThlPohl^pl?y<F<\und*for b°ys school in b^ard in the maintenance of this while maint^ s^ucational institution which, will sunnio^11U1^ fc c'oncy in the elementary subjects, will such a course of instruction as for cirlo fv,1 i"r lor the university or for business; edu«itir!n tu" hranohea of a liberal course of female H M he annual examination of the school by 'aTlf 13X. Suara»t«e of its efficiency. the n^ru +i° speciiic subjects, the studies of torv for rhi a<II'ai!ced class will be made prepara- tory lor the university local examinations. rpu- ™E AXtKXANDliR STEPHEN BURSARV." coain^uursa?'*lof the Talue of £ 4°. wiU be open for attends.011 b°ys a-bove 13 years of age who are in .of the 3chools under the board. The Vni^Zi! candidate will require to attend the Glasgow can Z WV sessions. Syllabus of examination can be had from the head master. CURRICULUM. INFANT DEPARTMENT. R- £ ?1,r8' 10 12 and 1 till 3. Fee, 5s per quarter. la1* lnstruction, reading, spelling, writing on states, elementary arithmetic (mental and black- board/, object lessons, singing. IT„ JUyENILE DEPARTMENT. Y-3? tll! .12 1 tiu 3. Fee, 7s 6d per quarter, (A)-Religious histruction (with explanation), spelling, writing (including dictation), elementary arith- metic, oral lessons in grammar, elementary geo- fT»\ -rP^PPy< singing, sewing (for girls). "efious instruction, reading (with explanation)^ spelling, writing (including dictation), arithmetic (simple rules and tabits), geography, grammar, singing (from notes), sewing (for girls). tt „ — JUNIOR DEPARTMENT. Hoars, 9.30 till 12.30 and 1.30 tiU 4. Fee, Ms per Religious instruction, reading (with explanation), writing, dictation, aiithmcuc (compound rules and reductions), grammar (with elementary analysis and composition of sentences), Scottish nwtory and geography, singing (from notes', drawing, military drill (.for boys), needlework (for gir 1;). instruction, reading, writing, arith- metic (practice and proportion;, composition (nar- rativx), grammar and analysis, English history, geography (Scotland and local), singing (from notes), drawing, military drill (for boys), ueedle- > work (for girls). hTRA SUBJECTS.—Latin (for boys), domestic economy (for girla), English literature. SENIOR DEPARTMENT. Hours, 9.30 till 12.30, and 1.30 tiU 4. Fee, 12s 6d per (A) Religious instruction, roading, writing, arith? mefac (fractions), English composition (narrative and correspondence), grannnar and analysis, Kftglish history, general geography (including naap drawing), siHging (from notes), drawing, notary drills needlework (for girls). l»>—Keligious instruction, reading, writing, English hterature (including history of the language and derivation), composition (corres{>ondence and assay), grammar and analysis, history (general nistory of the 19th Century and English history), general geography (with map drawing), singing (from notes), drawing, military drill, needlework (for girls). TR^ REJECTS.—Classics, French, mathematics, book-keeping, domestic economy (for girls), physiography. • • TV- r ADVANCED CLASS. local ExamlJaa,ûOD8.. SUBJECTS.—Religious instruction, reading, writing, isnglfeh language and literature, composition, grammar and analysis, general history, physio- graphy and physiology, drawing and sketching, plain and fancy needlework, classics, French, mathematics, book-keeping. PIANOFORTE. per quarter. More Advanced- Fee, <i0a per quarter. CHUNCH-sirtEET PUBLIC SCHOOL has a some- curTic»lum. except that its ordinary Preparation for university classics and mathematics, French grammar, and translation. The fees also ranjre from 5s to 12s 6dper quarter, with extra payment for pianoforte instruction. it ALBERT-ROAD PUBLIC SCHOOL has precisely j same curriculum as the Church-street iSchooL the same fees. It is intended to shortly add uennan to the curriculum.

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