The Cardiff Times

THE INCREASE OF MATERIAL WEALTH IN CARDIFF. ONE of the most interesting questions to the in- habitants of Cardiff is involved in the future of the development of the town. Thirty years ago the port of Cardiff was very insignificant. It had but few facilities for trade. True, the West Bute Dock had been opened for about seven years, and some strides had been taken in extending the commerce of the place. The reputation of the port, however, as a port, was little known in foreign countries- the trade being mostly confined to the coasts of the United Kingdom. About that time a great cloud stretched over Cardiff Then it lost one of the greatest of its benefactors by the decease of the late Marquis of BUTE, who left only an infant scion of his noble house to succeed to his possessions, and the fulfilment of his designs. With the last sleep of the man who had lifted the town out of the mud on its foreshore went away a bright hope of the port ever attaining the eminence to which it has since risen. Notwithstanding the loss of the nobleman who resided at the castle, and presided like a genius over the town, the port has made wonderful, regular, indeed rapid strides to fame and fortune. Ships from every clime arrive and depart from the port, until the name of Cardiff" is a household word in every trading port of the world. The policy which hr_s been pursued of ex- tending the docks as occasion required has, up to the present time, been well carried out by the trustees of the Bute estate. It is to be hoped that the present Marquis will not reverse the judicious policy of his predecessor by delaying too long a further extension of the Bute dock system. The immense increase in the quantity of business already done in 1877—being from 20 to 30 per cent above last year—fully warrants a serious considera- tion in the direction thus indicated. This by the way. Our present object is more especially to point to the great stride taken in the accumulation of material wealth in the town, during the life of the present occupier and owner of the Bute estates. For instance, if we take the rateable value of the property in the borough we find the following results :—In 1847, £32,200; in 1877, £272,0£18, making an increase of £ 239,898. The gross value of the property founded upon those figures would give an increase of about three million pounds sterling, or a per-centage increase of about 7,500. Such a result during one generation is not at all trifling, and if we may judge by it of what is to come, doubtless at the close of the cen- tury Cardiff will take rank with such towns as Glasgow and Liverpool. Of course the statement in question is not to be taken as the exact. wealth of the whole inhabitants who reside in, and own the real property of the borough. Besides that., we must consider the immense value and increase of value, too, of their personal property, their furnishings, goods, and ships. Of the two former it is dimcnlt, if not utterly impossible, to get an accurate esti- mate but, of the latter, the shipping, a more correct idea may be obtained. For example there were In 1847, of steamers, 153 tons of sailing ships, 6,090 tons. In 1877, steamers, 25,780 tons sailing vessels, 22,228 tons. If we take the value of steamers over all to be about £40 per ton, and the sailing "ships at J610 per ton, then we get the following result :—In 1847, £ 07,020 in 1877, JE1,253,480, or an increase of £ 1,18(5,460. This would give a per-centage increase of 1,770— not a bad result either. Could our spiritual- istic friends summon back the noble originator of all this wealth, he would, no doubt, be delighted to know the great advance his pet port had made towards becoming a "second Liverpool." Perhaps some of our maritime readers may question the strictness and accuracy of the value put upon the shipping of Cardiff. Our estimate is an approximation, meant to illustrate a principle. The principle we wish to enforce is that the town has increased amazingly all round, is increasing, and, therefore, is likely to increase in a somewhat > proportionate degree. So far as the value of the shipping is concerned, it is probable, if all the vessels that are" owned here were registered at Cardiff Custoin-House, the per-centago increase would be stillmore enhanced. A? regards the future of that class of property, we are assured that a dozen new vessels are now building for our shipowners, and doubtless another year will see that number doubled. Regarding house property, we have only to look around to see mansions, rising like the creatures of some wizard, that would have bewil- dered the people of 30 years ago. Shops, hotels, and pViblic buildings are now lifting majestic heads more in keeping with the rising fortunes of the place, and the stir and bustle of the people indicate an energy and suce ;3 surprising to sec, and defy- inn' to some extent, as they do, the pressure of dull times." No doubt there are many shades of a darker hue to tone in but our present pur- pose will be gained if we can show, in rough out- line the massive progress of the place, and' engender a hope of still better times to come. We would, indeed, like to see a stimulus given to the erection of more public buildings and scientific institutions for the aesthetic culture of the people, as well as to en- courage the further extension of docks and other commercial enterprise, upon which the wealth and general development o £ the port and town must hinge.

MADNESS, AND ITS INCREASE IN GLAMORGANSHIRE. ENGLAND is the maddest country in the world. Madness has increased, is increasing, and threatens our social system. We have it on the unimpeach- able testimony of the Magistrates of Glamorgan- shire, assembled in Quarter Sessions on Monday, that during the last fifteen or twenty years the number of lunatics in the county has rapidly in- creased, and that the number of admissions is much in excess of the discharges and deathfl. It is deemed necessary, therefore, to erect a new buil- ding within five miles of the present County Asylum, and the DEAN of Llandaff makes the common-sense suggestion that the contemplated addition should be used exclusively for chronic and imbecile patients. All this naturally points to an alarming increase of madness. Glamorganshire is not exceptional in this respect, much as the fact may be deplored, and few things call up more sincere resets. It would be difficult to explain the in- crease of madness in Glamorganshire side by side with increased home comforts, increased means of information and enjoyment, and increased tuition in our schools. No doubt thousands of patients are now in our asylums who would, a quarter of a century ago, hayc been neglected, or left to such limited treatment as private households offer. The increased payments from the Treasury, for pauper lunatics, no doubt stimulate the tendency to send chronically in^e or imbecile patients to our lunacy institutions. Thereby the national increase of insanity, so far as statistics go, is shewn. Two things are becoming clear- that insanity is increasing comparatively at an undue rate among the humble classes, or increased numbers of insane are being forced into pauper wards. The last report of the Commissioners in Lunacy makes the matter clear, thus Total of Whereol were On insane Private Tauper Annual increase in Jan. 1. arsons, patients, patients. total of insane. Total of \Y nereot were On insane Private Tauper Annual increase m T„, i arsons, patients, patients. total of insane. 1 Tso No. No. No. 18G7 49,086 0,055 43,031 1,433 18GS 51,000 0,040 44,030 1,014 1SG9 53,177 6,175 47,002 2,177 1S70 54.713 G,2S9 4q, 4.1:1 l,"í:;n 1871 5'j, 755 6,454 50,301 2,040 1.872 58,640 6,642 51,IMS 1.885 1873 60,296 7,023 53,273 1,6513 1874 62,027 7,2!-2 51,735 1,731 1875 63,793 7,390 50,403 1,766 1876 64,916 7,5C9 57,407 1,123 Pauper patients thus increase at a ratio of nearly ten per cent in excess of private patients, the gross increase of pauper lunatics during the last ten years being 33'4 per cent. On the first day of the year 1876, the insane in the country were located in this way :—34,154 were in country and borough asylums 2,79G in registered hospitals 4,G30 in metropolitan and provincial licensed houses 354 in naval and military hospitals and Royal India Asylum 508 in Broadmoor Criminal Asylum; 15,509 in union workhouses and 0,955, mostly paupers, were residing with relatives or others. Very great improvements have, in recent years, been effected in the treatment of the insane, but medical men do not seem to have improved much in curative methods. That may arise, to a large extent, from the varied sources of madness. The managers of the prisons of Scotland reported, a few months ago, that lunacy from protracted fits of hard drinking was increasing, and that the border-line of insanity was tkereby difficult to determine. Losses in business and religious excitement are increasing causes of lunacy and of suicidal mania, not in England alone, but in Europe and the United States. New York is the most suicidal city in existence. In 1870 there were 150 suicides reported there, or nearly double the rate in London. England, as we have already said, is the maddest country in the world, for while we have fully 64,000 insane, France has about 30,000, the United States 30,000, and Spain only about 1,000. Can our" mad doctors" throw any light upon this 1 Political madness is common in France. No less than 1,000 persons committed suicide in the department of the Seine last year, while in the rural French districts, self-murder is comparatively rare. The French, who display art in all things they do, commit self-murder as if it were, in Dg QUINCY'S phraso, one of the fine arts. In April last the bodies of two young persons were found in the Seine, fastened together by a strong cord. One was named HESRI DOMIXOIS, aged 20, the other EUZA DUPRE, 18 years of a-se. A letter found in the pocket of the youth told the sad story in a few words. "Our parents would not allow us to marry, and we resolved to perish together, in order that we might not be separated in Paradise." One can hardly conceive an English lad and lass acting andwritinginthisway. They would have waited their time, and married in spite of the paternal consent. The suicide of the famous French painter MARCHAL, four months ago, is even more romantic than the instance we have mentioned. MARCIIAL wrote to a friend, before ho committed the fatal act, that his sight was disordered, and doubled objects, so that he was unable to paint. What is the use (wrote MARCHAL) of purposeless complaint 1 It only troubles people who can do nothing. I have waited patiently, but a picture dealer in distress has failed in his engagements to me. I cannot stand so many accumulated blows, and as life deserts me I renounce it." Ho accordingly committed self-murder, and llÍs remains were followed to the grave by the representative men in French artistic circles. With all our experience, and despite the great attention given to psycho- logical subjects, we Iiave not added much to our knowledge of the creative causes of madness. It seems as true now—so far'as exact knowledge is concerned—as when POPE wrote the words, that "great wit to madness is allied." M. LALCT a French writer on madness, declares that NEWTON, SWIFT, BYRON, Sir WALTER SCOTT, OLIVRR CROM- WELL, and Lord CASTLEREAGH were all mad But the same writer affirms that DESCARTES was mad, and believed he was followed by invisible persons Cardinal RICHELIEU, he tells us, supposed himself a horse, and used to neigh and kick. In the same category he places CAESAR, MAHOMET, ALEXANDER THE GREAT, LUTHER (who conversed with the DEVIL), LOYOLA, PETER THE GREAT, CHARLES V., and MICHAEL ANGELO. ARISTOTLE, the great philosopher, is deemed to have been mad, because he threw himself into the sea,owing to his inability to account for the tides. CERVANTES, TASSO, and CAMOENS, not to speak of NAPOLEON BUONAPARTE, are all placed in the list of madmen. According to this style of reasoning every man of genius is mad, just because he does and says eccentric things. In Belgium the Catholic priesthood and the doctors have been in conflict respecting the inhabitants in the City of the insane," Gheel. The beneficent system adopted by medical men at Gheel has been threatened by the Ultramontane priesthood. The doctors say the priests make the mad people incurable—the priests insist in forcing their ministrations upon the insane. Thus the system by which the insane of Belgium were allowed the fullest liberty, and taught to be- lieve themselves sane, has been in danger. Might not our English mad doctors," and notably those of Glamorganshire, give some consideration to tho system at Gheel, before they proceed to the erection of costly new buildings ?

FIIOM 0(111 LONllOJUJOltfTliSFONDiiNT. LONDON. THunsDAy. The conduct of the Irish members during the memora- ble sitting of Monday night aud Tuesday morning, has been the one topic of discussion atWesttuiiMter. It Ï2 felt that the present position is intolerable, and that if allowed to continue, all business, whether legislation or voting supplies, would be impossible. It is seen that thia little faction, disowned by the great bulk of the Home Rulers it is very fair to say, is not amenable to the con- siderations which ordinarily govern the conduct of gen- tlemen, and cannot be treated as such. At the same time it is feared that if anything is done hastily, and under the influence of the present excitement, the privileges of private members may not be properly taken into account, and they may afterwards find the remedy to be worse than the disease. Mr Pnleston's motion was very favourably received, inasmuch as it seemed to stop pure obstructiveness, without curtailing lawful rights. But at the Cabinet Council held yester- day it was considered that the matter ought not to be left to a private member, but should be refctred, on the proposal of the Government, to a Select Committee. I understand that the reason why Mr Biggar was not present in the House on Tuesday morning, is that he was in Ireland, and he is credited with an engagement of a peculiarly interesting kind, a matrimonial one, to wit. It seems to have resulted from his conversion to Romanism. Several important political gatherings have been fixed lately. Mr GLnlstone speaks next Thursday at Willis's Rooms, on behalf of the Bosnian refugees. Mr Bright will be at Bradford on the 25th. Lord Granville will preside at the annual meeting of the City Liberal Club on the 26th, when Mr Goschen will find some cold looks for his recent vote on the County Suffrage. Then there is the Cobden Club dinner, at which Mr Gladstone and Lord Hartington are to be present. The Lord Mayor gives his banquet to ministers in August. There is to be a great Conservative demonstration in Manchester during August, with Sir Stafford Noithcote for principal orator; and next Wednesday the West Kent Conserva- tive Association is to dine at the Ship, Greenwich, and to have for speakers Earl Stanhope and his clever brother, Lord George Hamilton, Sir Massey Lopes, Sir W. H. Dyke, and Viscount Ilolmesdale It is stated to-day that the English fleet is to go to Galipoli. That is serious news. To send it to Besika Bay was sufficiently significant to be mischievous. But in order for the fleet to pass the Dardanelles we must" have the permission of the Turkish Government, and the permission will not be granted unless the Porte has very good reason to believe that our ironclads will enter aa friends. It is difficult to understand how Lord Salisbury or Mr Cross could be a party to such a step as this. It would be entirely contrary to their recent declarations. There is all the less need for intervention, because the Turks seem very well able to defend themselves. There ia no longer reason to doubt that they have inflicted Eome very severe defeats on the Russians in Asia, though there the Russians seemed at first to be carrying everything before them, and when we talk about the Russians entering Constantinople we forget that before reaching that city Adrianople has to be taken, and before taking Adrianople the Balkan mountains have to be crossed, and before crossing the Balkans there is the Turkish quadrilateral to be dealt with. Is there any chance of all these various steps being taken before the early winter sets in ? A new element is about to enter into foreign calcula- tions. The Enjperors of Germrpiy and Austria are going to meet, in all probability, at Gastein, and Prince Bismarck and Count Andrassy are to be present. Simultaneously with the announcement comes the news that the export of horses from Germany is to be for- bidden, a measure which always has a warlike' look, though in this case the assigned reason may be the true one, and Germany may fear that her own army will be left insufficiently supplied if the drain to Russia is not stopped. Nothing is settled on the Liberal side of the House with respect to the contemplated supplementary vote. So far as I can gather, there will be no serious resistance to it, provided the Government "frankly states what the money is wanted for. If Mr Gladstone attempts to dis- pute the vote, I do not think he will have a large follow- ing. The relations between him and the majority of the Liberals in the House are still by no means cordial, and the Attempt to have IT'S bust ejected from the Reform Club is au indication of the unfriendly attitude whifh if assumed towards the ex-Premier. He, it will be remem- bered, took his name off the Reform some 2! years ago. We have now reached the zenith of the year, and henceforward the London season will wane. Yesterday was a great day for thœe who live in order to enjoy themselves. There was the amateur theatrical perform- ance at the Gaiety in the afternoon, when Lady Sebright, the Hon. Ally Wroltesley, Mrs Monckton, Mr Wtguelin, Capt. Lacy, and other fashionables played, it must be confessed, to a scanty audience. The National Rose So- ciety, a newly-formed body of "rosarians," held a splen- did show of roses in St. James's Hall. The Duke of Devonshire gave a garden party at Chiswick, at which the Princess Louise, the Marquis of Lome, the Count and Countess of Paris, and the Kashgar Envoy were present, together with about 1,200 other guests. The two first-mentioned subsequently dined with the Speaker, and met the Archbishop of York, the Earl and Countess Granville, Mr and Mrs Gladstone, Sir Coutts and Lady Lindsay, and other distinguished people. The Marquis of Hertford also had a dinner party, at which the Duke of Cambridge, a number of generals, and Captain Buruaby were present. While Bishop Thomson was feasting in Westminster, Archbishop Tait was dining at the Mansion House, and delivering a clever apology for the Estab- lished Church. Last night also Sims Reeves was sing- ing to an enormous audience at the Albert-hall, with Nillson, Trebelli-Bettini, Santley. and Foli for fellow vocalists, and Wilhelmj on the violin, and Dr Stainer ou the organ. There was also a brilliant gathering at the Botanical Gardens in Regent's Park, with a beautiful display of roses, and the place was turned into fairy land by coloured lamps. As usual, the Princess Mary and her husband were there. The Royal Academicians also gave their soiree at Burlington House, and the president, Sir Francis Grant, was sufficiently recovered to receive the many distinguished guests who were present, and ^ho included such well-known picture buyers as Mr Hermoc, M.P.. and Mr Eaton, M.P. While all-this gaiety was going on in many directions, there was an enormous amount of earnestness going on in Exeter Hall. The great room was thronged to over- flowing. Sir Wilfrid Lawson's reception was a sight behold. There is no man except Mr Gladstone who can evoke so much enthusiasm as the main promoter of the Permissive Bill. Mr Sullivan had a very strong ease in the manner in which the Irish Sunday Closing Bill had been treated on the previous day, and every word be uttered told ou a most enthusiastic audience. The London papers give a very inadequate report. The conductors of the Ez-prrss are finding out what a very serious matter it is to start a daily paper. Their paper is admirably conducted, but they say plainly that they must have £ 10,COO more capital if their enterprise is to be established. Earl Nelson, the Hon. WHbraham Egerton, M.P., Mr Heygate, M.P., Cunon Gregory and Canon Ashwell, have formed themselves into a com- mittee of directors, to control the Church tone of the paper, and they append their names to a manifesto, in which they say that if Churchmen let slip the present "opportunity of having a widely-circu- lated dailypaper devoted to the interests of the Church and maintaining Church principles it is impossible that they can ever again have it proffered for their acceptance. The question is if even clergymen will not find the amount of Church news excessive. They are not all so devoted to '"shop that they care to read a dozen columns a day of speeches on ecclesiastical and religious subjects. Even if they can digest this, they are not sufficiently venturesome to keep a paper going unless they can count on the support of a large number of laymen. If they really want to establish a paper, the squires and the rectors should not only order it for themselves, but have it sent to their curates and schoolmasters. It will be exceedingly interesting to watch the result of this ex- periment. Three M.P.'s, Mr Errington, Mr Dillwyn, and Mr Maitland, who represent Longford, Swansea, aud Kirk- cudbrightshire, have brought in a Bill which will rather astonish some of our medicos. It provides that the 15th clause of the Medical Act, passed in 1858, shall be amended, in so far as it permits persons to be registered who possess only one of the legal qualifications, and that henceforth no one will be entitled to be registered unless he possesses a degree or licence to practise medicine, as well as one to practise surgery. Moreover, no person after January 1, 1878, is to be entitled to hold any fur- ther medical appointment, whether in the army, the navy, under the Poor Law Board, or in any hospital, or in connection with any friendly society or charity, un- less he possesses the double qualification. Within three months after the passing of the Bill an examining board is to be instituted, consisting of three examiners from England, three from Seotland,and three from Ireland, whose duty it shall be to examine all persons who, being already registered under the Medical Act, shall present themselves fur examination, and they on passing it shall be entitled to write after their names the letters C.M.B. (Civil Medical Board), and such persona shall be entitled to hold public appointments. The examiners are to be appointed for three years. The fee for examination is to be £5, and should that not be found sufficient to defray the costs of the Board, the Treasury may award such sum as may be necessary. But. of course, the Bill will not pass thk year. No new private lueasure ha.3 the remotest chance of getting through. We Londoners know pretty well that our early potatoes and brocoli come from the far west, but I fancy few are aware that we are indebted to Cornwall also for a large portion of those delicious strawberries which we are enjoying just now. They are grown on the banks of the Tamar, and there is one grower who sends up 200 tons in the course of a season, and spends £1,200 a year on pottles, and another grower in the same neighbour- hood sends 180 tons. They come by fast goods train which leaves Tavistock about 3 p.m., reach Waterloo about 12 hours later, are met there by carts, and quickly conveyed to Covent Garden, where they are for sale about 4 a.m. A railway extension into the strawberry district would doubtless greatly stimulate the produce, though I suppose the growers would take very good care that we did not get our strawberries any cheaper. An amusing story is told by one or our judges. He had to try a ease of collision at sea. His knowledge of nautical matters is not his strong point, |hough he rather prides himself upon it, and on the strength of it is much given to take counsel's duties upon himself. In this particular case, Mr Butt, Q.C. (the Englishman, not the Irishman), was counsel, and he was examining a sailor who gave evidence that he was told to port his helm, did so, and bore up against the wind, when the Judge stopped Mr Butt and caid he would like to examine the witness himself. He did so and elicited the same information, and seemed greatly impressed by it, saying to the sailor, "You came against some- thing?" The son of Neptune was a little puzzled, and Mr Butt was about to explain, when the Judge stopped him, declaring that he preferred examining him for him- self. Again he elicited the information that the ship bore up against the wind, and again the Judge remarked that the ship therefore came against something. By this time the court was in a roar, and at last the°Judge allowed the counsel to explain that the sailor was using a nautical expression, and did M mean that the ship had come into collision with the wind. I do not think it is generally known that General Ord who is commanding the United States troops on the Mexican frontier, and seems likely to celebrate the first year cf the 2nd century of the union by adding a new State thereto, is a grandson of George IV. The general's father was the king's son by Mrs Fitzlierbert. Her son wa-f consigned to a tutor, named Ord, who settled in the States and gave his name to his pupil. When young Ord had reached man's estate he married a Virginian lady, and by her had two sons, whom he called Atlanticus and Tacificus. Pacificus is a judge in California. Atlanti- cus, having been educated at Wise Point, is now the General above-mentioned. It would not surprise many persona if this descendant of an English king added to the Anglo-Saxon Republic the Kingdom which the French Emperor wanted to convert into a Latiu Empire in order to counteract the Republic.

FATAL RAILWAY ACCIDENT NE \R DUBLIN. An engine and entire train left the line at Dalklev near Dublin, ou Wednesday night. The carriages were all turned over.audone man, named Brynne, waa killed and several persous injured. The accident is attributed to a defect in the points. Later particulars state that the carriage in which the mail who WM killed sat was an open summer one, and lighter than the rest of the carriages. It was completely smashed. Brynne died on a stretcher while being conveyed to the hospital Two Jews, named Bloom and Stepstein, have sustained the worst injuries. Ihe other sufferers are servants in the neighbourhood. 1 ortuuately, the train was almost empty. Ihe line is not much damaged The spot where the accident occurred is only 100 yards from a tunnel, which parses through the edge of a hill, and opens upon a ledge of rock over the sea, along which the rail- way track thence runs for a mile. 1 his is one of Brunell's engineering feats.

1: GENERAL GRANT AT FOLKESTONE. [SPECIAL TELEORAM.1 General Grant, replying to the address presented to him at Folkestone, on Thursday, said :—Mr Mayor ladies and gentlemen, I am much gratified, not only with the address which I have just heard, and the kind re- marks of your mayor, but with the whole of the recep- tions I have had since J landed in England. I shall always retain pleasant memories of all I have seen and all I have heard, and all that has been done for me. I thank you for what has been said in honour of my great country. It has been a feeling of mine of many years standing that the United States and Great Britain should be the very best of friends. You have kindly alluded to my efforts as the executive of the United States to settle questions that were existing between the two countries, and which were liable at any time to create a disturbance, Fortunately, however, these difliculties were settled in a manner creditable to both nations. There was no desire on my part, and I am sure there was none on the part of the United States, that England should be humiliated in any sense, and there was certainly a determination on our part that we should not be humiliated, but we wanted a settlement that should be honourable to both nations, and would lead us in a fair way. That was my desire, at all events. (Applause.) General Grant con- cluded by again expressing his thanks for the reception accorded him.

ENGLAND VERSUS FRANCE. For generations Chocolate has been imported in larifc quantities into this Country from France. We are to find tlie tables turned at last, and that Cadburys, the Makers of the well known Cocoa Essence bave opened elegant premises at 90, Fl\lIbcu"g" St. Honore, Paris.— ¡ Their Cccoa Essence bjinaf perfectly genuine is a beverage far better suited to warm diniates than the thick heavy eompoutidti of Cocoa with sugar and starch geiie/ally sold. m

J" THE ARTILLERY EXCAMPMSNT AT LAVEP.NOCK. This year the 1st Administrative Brigade of the Gla- morgan Artillery Volunteers are to Lave their week in cam;) at Lavernock Battery. The official notification of -the orders for the week's campaign states that the encamp- ment will commence on Saturday, the 14th instant, and the day of the camp breaking up is fixed for Friday, tLe 20th. This year the week in camp is looked forward to with an unusual degiee of pleasurable anticipation on the part of the artillerymen of the county, inasmuch as the prospcct of what may be termed a week's genuine encamp- ment-in other words a week under canvas, fairly out of reach of the seductive allurements of the town, and a week of utter banishment from enervating domestic com- forts has not been offered for two or three years past. In 1874 Lavernock was picked as the camping ground, but last year the Sophia Gardens Field was resorted t". Redolent as is the latter locality with military associa- tions, and tempting as are its surroundings, witli the murmuring winding river on one hand, the thick umbrageous foliage hiding the busy town from sight, and the grateful prospects of green slopes and a ro- llUtLJtic lookout in the old ruins over the water, there was something humblmg to the martial mind in the recol- lectiou that the camp was within easy reach of civiliza- tion, and resembled anything in the week's experience it afforded rather than an actual camp in war time. Its proximity to the town utterly destroyed the romance of the week's outing, and the volunteers were ,consequently not attracted to the camp in overpowering numbers. Un- fortunately this feeling defied argument, and no amount of soldierly drill and exercise could utterly dispel it. Thus the hapless vicinity of the spot to the town destroyed all hope of an encampment there proving of so pleasurable and instructive a character from a military point of view, as it ia confidently e^picted this year's visit to Laver- nock will turn out. Since the days, not so long ago. when the volunteer movement was set on foot with humble pre- tensions and much enthusiasm Oil the part of its early promoters, it has successfully braved a storm of hostile criticism and cynical disapprobation. It was the lot of the movement to encounter opposition in many quarters where support might fairly have been looked for. But the volunteers now have grown to be a powerful aud well-organised body, having success- fully lived down tho early opposition on the part of a certain section of the public, to which at one time they were exposed, and now perhaps standing most in danger of the evils which dow from excessive popularity. Noth. ing has so much contributed to the inculcation and fostering of esprit de corps among volunteers as the yearly gatherings of officers and men under canvas. These meetings have been the means ot promoting friendly feeling among officers and men, and have in no little degree strengthened the bonds of sympathy among the men themselves. In furnishing a rough but graphic notion of actual soldiering, which, whether it prove of use in time of warfare or not, cannot fail to afford discipline of a most valuable kind, these meetings are of much service. In the multitudinous ramifications of their organization the volunteers have necessarily col- lected in their ranks members of all dispositions, and there are, without doubt, not a few by whom the pleasure of being associated with the movement for the sake of the fun to be got out of it is regarded of far more consequence than the military knowledge, disci- pline, and martial training which happily may be gained. Into the question of whether these are an increasing or decreasing body, it would, of course, be idle to enter here. Nobody pretends that such a body does not exist; generally it may be taken for granted, however, that the sanguine view of our brave self-elected defenders, which represents them as fired only by promptings of patriotism, is not a veiy highly coloured view, and that there are hosts of men in the ranks who, while they keenly enjoy the fun of a week's campaigning in the open, are by no means blind to its importance from other standpoints. To these the encampment at Lavernock will be of a thoroughly enjoyable character the "carpet knights" may hardly anticipate a g-ood time. It has been determined to make the week one with plenty of work in it, the locality being admirably adapted for the purpose, and the meeting will no doubt come up to the anticipations which have been not un- justly raised respecting it. Though the encampment does not commence till the 14th, the picturesquely-situated camping ground will present a busy aspect for some days before the volunteers march in and take up their quar- ters, The preliminary arrangements are already being entered in to, and it was on Thursday expected that the con- signment of War Office stores, bell tents, mattresses, and all the impedimenta supplied from the national head- quarters for the week's sojourn under canvas, would have been received at Cardiff. They will probably be sent to- day. To.morrow (Saturday) Lavernock Battery will be taken possession of by a fatigue party, under Quarter- master. Strina, and the preliminary arrangements—put- ting up tents for the stores, canteen, making up the sites for the tents for the oflicera' quarters, and so on—will be commenced in earnest. Then in the course of the week the guns and ammunition will be conveyed to the spot. The friends of our citizen soldiers will be interested in the arrangements which have already been made for the week's outing. It may be stated that volunteers joining the camp will be under strict military discipline, and will be liable to fine or dismissal for any violation of the orders which from time to time may be issued by the commanding officer. Every volunteer is required to proviue himself with soap, hair- brush and comb, knife, fork, and spoon, &c. It is op- tional as to whether a great coat is included. The stand- ing orders state that these articles, which are named in detail, are to be brought to the Drill-hall by the 10th inst., neatly done up, with the name and battery of the owner written on the wrapper. The men are to march into camp in regular military fashion, and not wearing civilian overcoats. Uniform great coat, or capes, which will be kept at the guard-tent, will be provided for men on guard. A charge of Gd will be made for the admission of stramrers to the camp. The reveille will be sounded at five a.. m.; the retreat at 7.45 p. m. The hours for parades, meals, Ate., are not yet defined, but those arrangements will l>e made by tne commanding officer in camp to suit atteudant circumstances. On the sounding of the re- veille everybody is expected to turn out or be liable to the rough and ready modes of awakening the drowsy slumberer to which the dweller under canvas soon grows accustomed. Fifteen minutes before parade will be sounded a warning trumpet—the non commissioned officers' call will be five minutes beforehand. Orders of the day will be posted ou the camp order board. No one in camp will be exempt from the liability to duty. The officers will be subject to being appointed captain or subaltern of the day, non-commissioned officers for guards picquetd, fatigue parties, and 60 on. The duties of the captain of the day wilt comprise the general superin- tendence of the ca.mp and the maintenance of good order throughout its whole extent. The captain is ex- pected to attend all parades, and march off all guards, to visit the guards once by day, and once also after 11 at night. He has also to visit the men's tents and the cooking kitchens during the day, to look in at the hospital and canteen, to see to the closing of the canteen, and the extinguishment of all fires and lights at the hours prescribed. It is directed that he must always appear in uniform with pouch belt, and he is not allowed during his brief term of office to quit the camp. At morning guard mounting hisduties commence each morning, and immediately after being relieved he is expected to forward a report to the commanding officer specifying all that has been done during his short occupancy of the office. It will thus be seen that the duties of the captain of the day are by no means light. He is assisted in the discharge of them, however, by the subaltern of the day, who inspects the food previous to its issue, and generally assists the captain. They are accom- panied in their rounds by the orderly-sergeant. To the orderly-sergeant is entrusted the supervision of the tents and adjacent ground he has to see that all lights are out at the time ordered, to keep his eye on the canteen and prevent ary irregularities arising there; to keep the camp clear of the nondescript class termed "unauthorised stran- gers," and to attend parades and roll-call and circulate the orders. The orderly-sergeant is assisted in the dis- charge of his duties by an orderly corporal. The general oharge of the camp is under the control of the quarter- master, whose duties are the superintendence of the issue of stores and rations, and the general superinten- dence of the fatigue party. Under the camp quarter- master is that invaluable officer the quartermaster-ser- geant, who has to. inspect the food on its delivery in camp, and to be responsible for the camp ground being well drained and clean. He has at his disposal a. fatigue party. The guards will be mounted on the arrival of the brigade in camp. They will undergo 12 hours' duty, being relieved at 8.30 a.m. and 8.30 p.m. Each battery will ° be expected to furnish daily its quota of non-commissioned officers and men for guard duties. Each officer will enjoy a whole tent; the non-commis- sioned officers and gunners are, if possible, to be distri- bvted five in a tent, and the occupants of two continuous tents form a mess. From each such pair of tents a man will be told off daily to the senior non-commissioned officer (a nou-commissioned officer to have charge of each tent), and it will be his duty to attend at the kitchen at the hours prescribed to bring the rations for his mess. He will »l.jo have generally to look to the tent arrangements, and should any man belonging to his tent be on guard, take his meals to him, his comrades providing for his being similarly dealt with if similarly circumstanced. Each man iu camp will be entitled to be rationed as under For breakfast—1 pint of coffee, £ lb bread, 1 ox butter, i pint of milk, £ oz sugar for dinner-i lb meat, I lb bread, I lb of potatoes, pepper and salt; for tea—1 pint tea, £ lb of bread, 1 oz butter, £ oz sugar,$pint milk. Each day one battery will be on duty, and will have to find all fatigue parties for camp duties. The canteen will be imder the management of a committee of officers. It wifl be closed at "tattoo," and not opened for the sale of liquor unliluoon next day, but provisions will be on sale after 7 a.m. The canteen keeper will be strictly looked over. The regulations on this score are, very properly, of a most stringeht character. As to the arms of the battery, there are already three 7-ton 7-inch guns rigged on Mon- crieff carriages on the spot, and next week will be sent up in addition the following guns :—two 40-pounders, one ^-pounder (m.l.), one 32 pounder (smooth bore), and the necessary mounting and dismounting ordnance and stores. There yet remains sundry details of arrange- ment to be decided on, which will be determined proba- bly in the course of a day or two, as, for instance, the appointment of a contractor, &o. It is not yet finally settled whether the volunteers will travel to the camp by boat or by road. In any case, they will have to march through the town on the way. If they are favoured with weather similar to the present, and are not visited with oppressive heat, the outing cannot fail to be de- lightful to all who take part in it. There can be little doubt that nothing will be wanting on the part of the 1st Administrative Brigade (which, by the way, comprises the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd corps of the Glamorgan Artillery, hailing respectively from Swansea, Bricon Ferry, and Cardiff) to make it so.

THUNDERSTORM AT NORTH SHIELDS. A severe thunderstorm broke over North and South Shields on Thursday afternoon, accompanied by vivid lightning and heavy rain, The lightning struck a house in Church-street, North Shields, and a chimney fell through the roof into the rooms below, doing damage to property and furniture. One of the inmates was struck by the debris on the head and injured, and a child sleep- ing in a bed was also injured about the head, The lightning also set lire to some goods in a shop occupied by a grocer, and considerable damage WHS doue.

At the Worcester Assizes, on Thursday, "William Lewis, garclener,was sentenced to penal servitude for five years for placing a stone on the rails of the Tenbury and Bewdley Railway. From the year 1G10 to 1707, tea was sold at sixty shillings per pound, a striking contrast with the prices of the present day"; good quality, however, as well as lowness in price, is desired by the public, therefore IIornivitin's J'irre Tea secures a preference, beii;_>- uniform in strength, delicious in jlavo'ir, and truly cheap. Supplied only in uackcts. Agents ii' *Jiis locality are I advertised III our columns.

HOUSE OF COMMONS—MONDAV. The Speaker took the chair at 4 o'clock. COLONEL WELLESLEV. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, in reply to Lord F. Conyngham, said that Colonel Wellesley had reported that he was most satisfactorily received by Prince Oortschakoff on the ::7th ult., and informed that he would be perfectly well received by both the Emperor of Russia a.nd the Grand Duke. He was placed inexactly the same position as the German and Austrian attaches. There was no official correspondence which could be laid 011 the table. THE WEIG FACH EXPLOSION. Mr CROSS, in reply to Mr Macdonald, said that he had not received the report of the trial of Beniamiu lliomas, the manager of the Weig Fach mine, near Swan- sea. As the managers of mines appeared to be in the habit of regarding the Mines Regulation Act as a dead letter he had ordered an investigation into the conduct of the manager in this case, under the 32nd section of the Act, for the purpose of showing the managers of mines that it is not a dead letter, and that they are Ha )le to be pro- ceeded against under it. LOCAL PETITION. Mr 1HLLWYX presented a petition from the inhabi- tants of riwausea in favour of the bili for the control of habitual drunkards. MOUNTED RIFLEMEX. On the motion for going into Committee of Supply. Mr CARPENTER GARNIER ui-ged the expediency of organising an efficient force of mounted riflemen, fol- lowing the plan carried out by Lieut.-Coiouel Bower in the Hampshire Mounted Ril'e Volunteers THE ARMY. Dr LYON PLAYFAIR brought under notice the position of militia surgeons, who uuder the Royal warrant of 1S76 were, as he submitted, without adequate compen- sation superseded in the duties, from which the greater portion of their incomes was derived. I Dr LUSH called attention to the condition of the medical department of the army. Mr.HARDY replied at length upon these matters— justified the action which he had taken in each case. He added that he disapproved of a corps of mounted rifles. Air BOORD moved a resolution declaring that it was expedient that those persons who had been debarred from participation in the benefits of the Superannuation Act ot 1873, by the W7ar Office circulars of ISUI, should be restored to the position they would have occupied had those circulars never been issued. J he resolution was negatived without a division. rlhe House at eight o'clock went into Committee on the army estimates. On the, ote of £ 27,SCO for the administration of mili- tary laws, Sir C. 0 LOGHLEN characterised the present svstem of administration as a disgrace to justice and to the rep- resentative institutions of the oountry. After speeches from Sir A. Gordon, Mr Whalley and Mr Campbell Bannerman, Mr HARDY suggested that early next session a select, Committee should sit on the question, The vote was then agreed to. The following votes were also passed :-£243,300 for medical establishments and the services, £534,000 for militia pay and allowances, and i74,400 for yeomanry cavalry pay and allowances. The next vote of £4138,700 for volunteer corps gave Sir W. BARTTELOT an opportunity for advocating that adjutants of volunteers should be placed on the same footing in respect of retiring allowances as adjutants of the militia. Col. MURE suggested that there should be a compul- sory audit of the accounts of volunteer corps, and tha.t facilities should be afforded for the formation of volunteer camps. Mr MARK STUART desired some pecuniary re- cognition of large musters of volunteer artillery. Mr JAMEtS BARCLAY thought that by some further encouragement, the muster of volunteers might be in- creased, the standard of efficiency raised, and <> the force rendered more valuable than it was at present. Tho remaining business was disposed of and the House adjourned.

HOUSE OF LORDS.—TLTISDAT. The Lord Chancellor took his seat at 5 o'clock. THE BRITISH FLEET AT BESIKA BAY. Earl GRANVILLE asked the Foreign Secretary whe- tber he could five the House any information with regard to the reported departure of the fleet from the Pirsua. The Earl of DERBY: It is the fact, as has been stated in the newspapers, that orders have been given to the British fleet to leave the Piratis, where it had been stationed, and to return to the station where it was last year, namelv, Besika Bay. THE UNIVERSITIES BILL. The Marquis of SALISBURY moved the second read- ing of the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge Bill, which was r< rssestially different from the Oxford Bill of last ye?.- 2 chief point was the incorporation of Cambridge -xford, but a change had also been made in the Const. 1 .c:i of the Oxford University Commis- sion by introducing into it persons closely connected with the discipline and studies of the University. Lord COLCHESTER moved as an amendment "That legislation with reference to the Universities would be premature, uidess preceded by an inquiry into the work- ings of the changes effected in the state, studies, and disci- piine of those Universities by the legislation of 1854 and 185G. He quite concurred that it was not desirable that the Universities should be continually interfered with, and he asked for delay with a view to the passing of a lasting measure. Lord CARLINGFORD said he had the utmost con- fidence in the powers of the Commission to resist revolutionary changes, and thought there was more reason to suppose that it would do too little than to fear that it would do too much. On the whole, he regarded the measure as a better considered scheme than that which was put before them last year, but hoped their lordships would have an opportunity of expressing an opinion in regard to clerical fellowships. The Duke of DEVONSHIRE, though he did not approve of all the details of the measure, anticipated that its result would be greatly to increase the usefulness of the universities. They had already the fullest informa- tion before them, and he could not tLiuk that anything would be gained by further inquiry. The Earl of CAMPERDOWN regarded the Bill as an improvement upon that of last year, especially from the circumstances that rt dealt at the same time with both universities. Lord MIDLETON also considered it infinitely more valuable than last year's measure, and especially approved of the provision for a preliminary investigation before the powers of the Act were put in force. The Marquis of SALISBURY then replied, and the amendment having been negatived the Bill wa-s read a second time, and ordered for Committee ou Thursday week.

HOUSE OF COMMONS. -TCSSDAY. The Speaker look the ch&ir at & quarter-past two o'clock. THE SALE OF INTOXICATING LIQUORS ON SUNDAY. The adjourned debate on Mr Murphy's amendment to the motion for going into Committee 011 the Sale of In- toxicating Liquors on Sunday (Ireland) Bill was resumed. Mr R. SMYTH strongly complained of the opposition offered by so small a minority to the Bill, after its prin- ciple had been sanctioned by the House, and it was universally recognised aa in accordance with the wishes of the people of Ireland. He disputed the statistics of Mr Murphy, for there had been no petitions against the Bill except from Dublin, Cork, Limerick, and one from Belfast. If the Bill was again talked out, as was pro- bable, he trusted that the Government would depart from their passive attitude, and take up the matter in earnest Mr E. COLLINS said that the hon. member who had just sat down had quite failed to answer the arguments and statistics of Mr Murphy. The Bill would not be acceptable to the great majority of the Irish people, and he should oppose it. Mr A. MOORE protested against the character of the opposition to the Bill. In every possible way the opinion of the people of Ireland, both through their representa- tives in the House and out of doors, had beeu declared most strongly in its favour. Mr S. MOORE said that he had hitherto opposed the Bill, but he felt that the time was come when the Miuistry ought to bow to the majority, Mr. O'SHAUGHNESSY expressed a similar opinion, and said that if a due concession was made with respect to the large towns he would offer nO further oppo- sition to the Bill. Mr GOULDING supported the Bill. Mr SULLIVAN said that a certain number of Irish members had set themselves the task of talking down on the floor of the house the declared opinion of almost all Ireland. He defied them to show by any test whatever —through the pi-ess, through public meetings and through parliamentary representatives, whether Conser- vatives, Liberals, or Home Rulers—that there was not an enormous and overwhelming pretxmderance of public feelingin Ireland in favour of the Bill. Sir P. O'BRIEN opposed the Bill. Dr O'LEARY, at great length, also opposed the Bill, denouncing the motives ot the Sabbatarians and tee- totallers who had brought it in. and contending that it would only encourage private drinking and illicit sale of intoxicating iicmors. Mr B. \V HI T\\ ORTH thought that nine out of ten in his constituency, including the publicans, were in favour ot the Bill. He believed that the same feelin- would be found to prevail throughout Ireland The opposition to the Bill originated with the distillers and other interested parties. He considered that the Govern- meutwas bound to take up the measure. Mr KIRK protested against the Bill. all a measure of coercion inspired by|a tyrannical spirit of Sabbatarianism which would press heavily on the poor, and not affect the rich in their abundance. Air O'SULLIVAN said he opposed the Bill as a measure of confiscation without compensation, because it would promote secret drinking and immorality', because he knew it was a decided failure, and that it was repug- nant to nine-tenths *f the Irish people. He ndieuledthe way in which ]~>etit: f.is had been manufactured in support of the Bill, and the delusion under which Mr Gladstone and Mr Bright laboured, that it was a popular measure in Ireland. The hon. member was still addressing the House when the debate was suspended at 10 minutee to seven o'dock. Several Bills were advanced a stage. The sitting was suspended. THE EVENING SITTING. The House resumed at 9 o'clock. A motion was at once made to count the House, but 40 members were found to be present. THE VACCINATION ACT. Earl PERCY called attention to the very general re- pugnanee which prevailed to the practice of vaccination, and moved a resolution expressing the opinion of the House that it was expedient that inquiry should be in- stituted into the practice of vaccination, for the purpose of ascertaining whether it could not be conducted in a more satisfactory way than it is at present. Mr GREENE seconded the motion, and complained that in many cases vaccination was imperfectly and negligently performed. Mr PEASE said he desired to move an addition rather than an amendment to the motion. He had already brought in a Bill to alter the law relating to accumulations of penalties. He quite agreed with the noble lord, and he was strongly ill favour of vaccination, but he strongly deprecated the present law as to penalties, and moved to add to the motion the words and whether the law rela- ting to the accumulation or repetition of penalties for the same oftence does not require amendment." Mr JAMES seconded the motion. Sir TREVOR LAWRENCE opposed fie motion. The results in all the hospitals showed that vacc nation. was a perfect safeguard against small-pox, and, he depre- cated anv interference with it. Mr HÙPWOOD said the noble Earl had done good service in raising the question, in spite of all the efforts of the medical profession to carry out vaccination as the only safeguard against small-pox. If fairly inquired into the result would not be far out, 3^ there was 110 doubt, the most terrible di^ases transmit' ted by vaccination. An inquiry \Vud niost es- sential, for there was an instinctive feelin^ that a better system would be adopted^ which would prevent the disgraceful scenes constantly witnessed before the magistrates. t 1111' LATER-BOOTH opposed the motion, contend- nr> had been made out in support of it. There was a general consent amongst medic* authorities to the importance of vaccination, and the opinion was fully borne out by the great diminution in the mortality from stnali-fox since its introduction. The popular pre- judice would be met by obtaining vaccine direct from the cow. With respect to the amendment of Mr Pease, he did not think that ti. House was prepared to adopt the views of the Anti-vaccination Society, or encourage their efforts to break the law av^ it would be better to leave the cases of accumulated Realties to be dealt with on their merits by the Central Authority of tlie Govern- ment. Mr FORSTER admitted the difficulty -C'f administer- ing a compulsory Act of this kind, and trusted that the noble lord would be satisfied with the r'tSUit pf the discussion, as there was no doubt the medical department was quite ready to try any improvement or theory in the practice of vaccination. At the same time, he was strongly in favour of the views of Mr Pease, and hoped before long to see the law amended in that direction. He was strongly in favour of vaccina- tion, and believed that it could be safely performed, and the law vindicated, without resorting to the oppressive sys- tem of accumulated penalties under the old system, and the present laws in Scotland and Ireland. Mr WALTER suggested the adoption of the American system, which required every child to be vaccinated before being received into a public elementary school. Earl PERCY accepted the amendment; butonadivi. sion, The motion was rejected by 10G to 5r.. Mr MACIY Ell postponed his motion, out of consider. tion to the Speaker. The House was counted out at half-past twelve. The sitting of the House of Commons which began on Monday evening at a quarter to four o'clock, did uot terminate until a quarter past seven o'clock on Tuesday ,morning, 1 his is the result of the obstructive policy pursued by some of the Irish members, who did their utmost to prevent the Government from getting the supplies voted. No fewer than IS divisions were forced on the House, merely to prevent progress in Committee of Supply. There were also several a-ttempts to count out, one of which was successful. The names of the hon. members who moved the obstructive resolutions, are Mr O'Connor Power, Mr O'Doimel, Major O'Gor- man, Mr Richard Power, and Mr Parnell, and Mr Whal- ley aiso moved on two occasions "that the Chairman do now.Ieave the Chair." The motions were supported by nve members, the numbers in opposition varying frum 128 to 62.

— m HOUSE OF COMMON'S.— WEDNESDAY. The Speaker took the chair at 12.;?0. '1 tiE CONTAGIOUS DISEASES ACT. Sir H. JOHNSTONE gave notice that early next session he would move for leave to introduce a Bill to re- peal the Contagious Diseases Act. MAGISTRATES IN IRELAND. Mr SULLIVAN moved the second reading of the Union Justices (Ireland) Bill, of which he explained the object was to enable the ratepayers in each union to sub- mit to the lord lieutenant tbe name of a magistrate. There was no new principle in the Bill, for in the boroughs the mayor was was always ex-opicu> a magi- strate, and as there were only 163 unions in Ireland it would not involve a large addition to the magistracy. Mr T, D. BERESFORD moved the rejection of the Bill, which, he said, would involve a most objectionable change in the mode of appointing magistrates. The poor law guardians were useful in discharging their proper duties, but were not qualified, as a rule, to act as magistrates. After some discussion, in which Captain Nolan, Mr Downing,and Sir C. O'Loghlen,supported the Bill; whilst Mr Turner, Mr Bruen, and Mr Cogan, opposed it, Sir M. H. BEACH opposed the BUt, which would in- troduce a novel, objectionable.and unconstitutional prin- ciple in the appointment of magistrates. There was no parallel between the proposals of the Bill and the ap- pointment of mayors as magistrates in cities and bor- oughs, for, with the exception of the City of Loudon, every magistrate in the United Kingdom was appointed solely by the authority of the Crown. There was no necessity for the Bill, for the Lord Chancellor in Ireland had already power to appoint magistrates wherever neces- sary for every Barony of a county in Ireland. In the present circumstances of Ireland and the state of politi- cal and religious feeling, such a mode of appointing magistrates would be utterly impracticable. After some remarks from Mr Callan and Mr O'Donnell, Mr Sullivan brietiy replied, and The House divided, the Bill being rejected by 17o to 36. J PUBLIC WORSHIP FACILITIES BILL. Mr WILBRAHAM EGERTON moved the second reading of the Public Worship Facilities Bill. I ts ob- ject was that, iu parishes where there w:is insufficient spiritual accommodation, the Bishop might, after in- quiry by a commission, authorise the erection of a new cnurch, upon a guarantee being given as to the provision of the requisite funds, and the incumbent having failed himself, after three months' notice, to provide it.. Mr ASSHETON moved the previous question. The Bill had been fully discussed la^t session, and rejected. He objected to it on the ground that it would be used to promote discord in parishes, by the introduction of strange clergymen to the annoyance of the incumbent. Mr MONK seconded the amendment. There were, lie said, already ample means of supplying a deficiency of spiritual accommodation, without resorting to a process so objectionable and so liable to abuse. Mr BIRLEY supported the Bill, which would be found most useful ill the case of large towns. Mr WHALLEY complained that the Bill should have been met by the previous question, instead of by the usual course of a direct motion for its rejection. He strongly censured the use of the Confessional in the Church of England, and condemned the work known as The Priest in Absolution. Mr B. HOPE said that although the Bill was intro- duced with the best intentions, it would, if passed, be a source of dissension and irritation. Still, though he thought the Bill required considerable revision ne felt bound to vote against the previous question. After some remarks from Mr Rodwell, Mr Greene, Mr Milbanke, Mr Walter, and Mr Henley, in support of the Bill; and Mr Carpenter Gamier against it, The previous question was negatived by 94 to 78, and the Bill was read a second time. SECURITY FOR IMPROVEMENTS. Air JAMES BARCLAY moved the sscond reading of the Agricultural Tenants Security for Improvements Bill. The hon. gentleman was atill explaining the ob- jects of the Bill when the debate was suspended. MISCELLANEOUS. Several Bills were advanced a ttage. The Lord ApVOCATE brought in a Bill to continue the Board of Education in Scotland for one year. Sir E. WILMOT brought in a Bill to abolish impris- onment for debt in civil actions in certain cases. Mr W. H. SMITH brought in a Bill to amend the law relating to the transfer of stocks, being part of the debt of IWY colony, and the stamp duty thereon. The House adjourned at six o'clock.

-+- HOUSE OF LORDS.—THURSDAY. The Lord-Chancellor took his seat at five o'clock. The Reservoirs Bill passed through Committee. LUNATIC ASYLUMS IN IRELAND. L >rd O'HAGAN moved the second reading of the Imbecile, Lunatic, and other afflicted Classes (Ireland i Bill. The measure, as he explained, was founded upon the recommendations of a Committee which sat so long ago as 1851, and its object vvw t > 'rive Ireland the law which England had, in order to enable bv her own charity to set up institutions where the afflicted would be cared for, and would have imparted to them such educa- tion as they were capable of receiving, such institutions to be afterwards assisted by the State. Lord OEANAiORE moved that the Bill be read that day three months. He admitted that the object wit. good, but the Bill made no adequate provision for inspec- tion. Lord INCHIQUIN urged the necessity for legisla- tion on the subject, and trusted their lordships would give favourable consideration to the measure. Lord STANLEY of ALDERLEY opposed t] e Bill. The Earl of COURTOWN approved of the object, but found fault with some of the provisions of the Bill, and especially with the arbitrary powers proposed to be placed in the hands of the police for the arrest of lunatics. The Duke of RICHAIOND conceded that the subject was one of the most importaut that could engage their lordships' attention, but he trusted that the Hill under consideration would not be piessed further that Session. The Government proposed immediately to appoint a commission to inquire into the whole question of the ac- commodation available for the classes referred to in the Bill. The motion and amendment were withdrawn, and the order for the second reading of the Bill was dis- charged. THE NEW FOREST. The Duke of RICHMOND moved the second reading of the New Forest Bill, and stated that its purposes were to define the mode in which the Office of Woods should exercise the Crown rights under the Acts of 1698, lSli8, aud 1851, and to amend the constitution of the Court of Verderers. The right of the Crown and of the com- moners had been estimated to be of about equal value, and this measure, he believed, would prove a satisfactory settlement of all points of dispute between them. The Duke of SOMERSET opposed the second reading because he considered the measure unjust to the Crown, inasmuch as it transferred property of the Crown to the commoners, and to the electors of Southampton. He moved, as an amendment, that the Bill be read a second time that day three mouths. The LORD CHANCELLOR explained that the only right beyond the forestal right which the Crowu possessed was that of planting six acres, and that was given not for the purpose of settling disputes between the Crown and commoners, but with the great public object of pro vidiug timber for the Royal Navy, This Bill gave the Crown an incontestable right to 18,000 acres in the best part of the Forest. It preserved all the other rights of the Crown, and was, iu his opinion, a very fair settlement of the differences between the Crown and the Commoners. I Earl GRANVILLE said he would be anxious to vote for any Bill the object of which was to preserve the Forest in its natural beauty, but as this measure was en- tirely opposed to the recommendation of the committee which sat only nine years ago, he suggested that after the second reading it should go to a Select Committee. The Duke of RICHMOND intimated that he should object to that, and after a few words from Lord Evers- iey, the amendment was withdrawn, and the Bill was read a second time. The House rose at ten minutes paat eight o'clock.

HOUSE OF COMMONS.—THURSDAY. The Speaker took the chair at four o'clock THE BOARD OF TRADE." Mr MACIVER gave notice that early next Session he would move for a Select Committee to inquire into the duties of the Board of Trade, especially with respect to the operation of recent statutes, and to report whether any chanee or severance was desirable in the Alarine and Railway Departments. THE NAVAL COLLEGE. Mr EGERTON. in reply to Air Edwards, said that the Admiralty had decided that Dartmouth was the best site for the Naval College, but had not yet determined whether to ask for a grant for it this Session. Mr B. COCHRANE protested against the Admiralty coming to any decision before consulting the House upon the question. THE POLICY OF RUSSIA. Air WHALLEY asked, with reference to the despatch of Lord Derby of the lith of May. whether any other nation had expressed its concurrence in the policy of that despatch restricting the operations of Russia in tiie pie- sent contest, and whether any European Power, except the Papacy, had expressed its disapproval of tlie action of Russia against Turkey. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER: I do not think it would be convenient to answer the question of the hon. member. (Cheers). THE SUNDAY CASING (IRELAND) BILL. THE CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, in reply to Air Lewis, stated that m the present -tate of the Government bu-iness he could not fix a day for the adjourned discussion 011 tlie Sunday Closing (Ireland B;:I. THEvOBSTRUCTION OF BUSINESS. Mr PULSION wifditfd to put u question w.th re- I apect to recent occurrences and the?process of obstruction which wae becoming a standing reproach. Mr CALLAN rose to order. The reference of the hon. member was so palpable that he wished to know if he coula raise, in a question, the privileges of private members. The SPEAKER ruled that no question could be put of an argumentative character. Mr PULESTON would only ask whether the Govern- ment would afford lurn facilities for bringing on his motum with respect to moving prog) ess in committee, or would adopt that or some other means of preventing what took placc the other night. The Cl,V,XCELLOI{ of the EXCHEQUER said that the Government had for some time been earnestly considering this matter, both before and still more earnestly since what occurred the other night. He felt that the time was come when it was desirable, and even necessary, that tne rules of the House should be revised, but he was unwilling that the subject should be discussed under any feelings of annoyance, or with reference to the conduct ol any individual mem- < bers. Though be was conscious that the Government had had many difficulties to contend with. 1 0 felt that the standing orders of the House, which had been sanctioned by the practice of so many generations, ought not to be dealt with without greatcare and consideration, The suggestion of his hon. friend was one which com- maiuied the approval of the Government, and he had no doubt that of the House also, for he believed that the Government was in accord with the House and the coun- try in thinking th.it something must be done to meet what had occurred during this session. Still he wouU suggest that they should go on as they were this session, for the reason already referred to, and the Government would consult with the Speaker and the other officials of the House and consider what revision of its rules and orders it might be desirable to propose. THE BRITISH FLEET AT BESIKA BAY. Sir W. LAW SON gave notice that to-morrow be would ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer whether he had any objection to informing the House with what object Her Majesty's Government had ordered the British Fleet to Besika Bay. SCENE BETWEEN MR WHALLEY AND THE SPEAKER. Mi-W HALLEY wished to olffr a personal explana- tion, and was proceeding to comment 011 the speech of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, wlien The SPEAKER informed the hon. member that he could not. upon a persona! explanation, reply to a speech made by the right hon. gentleman the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Mr W hai!ey made two more attempts to answer the Chancellor of the Exchequer. The SPEAKER on both occasions called him to order. and informed him that unless he submitted to the ruling of the chair it would be necessary to submit his conduct to the judgment of the House. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER cup- ported the ruling of the Speaker. Mr WHALLEY having agaiu riaen and moved the adjournment ol the House, The SPEAKER said that as the hon. gentleman alto- gether disregarded the injunctions of the chair, he should, unless the House thought otherwise, call upon the next hon. gentleman who had a question to put it in his place. (Cheers.) QUESTION OF PRIVILEGE. Mr JENKINS rose to ask whether the notice ot motion put upon tbe paper by Mr Blake, relative to speeches made by ^lr Parnell, ought not to tie taken before the orders ol the day, as a matter of privilege. The SPEAKEH pointed out that, a-s the speeches re- ferred to were made, one in April and the other 011 the 2c'th June, they could not, in point of time, be treated aa urgent, nor as a question of privilege. Air LLAKE wished to know whether it was com ye tent to him to ask that his motion as to Air Parueii's speeches should be taken at once as a question of priuilege. Mr PARNELL said if the liouse desired that he should make explanations as to his two speeches, he had no desire to stand in the way. The SPEAKER said it would be irregular to discuss the motion unless the House decided to give the hon. gentleman the opportunity. Mr BLAKE moved that his motion be at once con- sidered as a question of privilege. Mr NEWDEGATE wished to know whether the hon. gentleman was serious in making the motion. o At this juncture the Speaker, seeing Lord Maude ville, the liew ly-elected member for Huntingdon, waiting below the bar, called on hon. members to be seated, and the noble Lord to come to the table and take the oaths. This command having been complied with, Lord Mivudeville took his seat, and the subject introduced by Jlr Blake was allowed to lapse. COMMITTEE OF SUPPLY. The House then went into Committee of Supply on th, army estimates, when the following votes were agreed to: Army reserve force pay and allowances, 21-1 eommissa- riat transport and ordnance stores establish men ts,t3b.">,8'.)4; provisions, forage. &c., clothing establish- ments, i;7SS,044 supply of warlike stores, kc., £ 1,05L\04: works and buildings, ,4:.(;)H,2li: establish- ments for military education, £ 1^,800; miscellaneous effective services, .1::37,741: administration of the army, £ 209,790; rewards for distinguished services, £ 38,1)73 pay of general officers, £ SO,4;S7; full pay of reduced and retired otlicers.and half pay, £ 494,814 widows" pensions, £Hli,02- pensious for wounds, £ 19,097 Chelsea and Kilinaiiiham Hospitals. £ 34,7o4 out-iwnsioiis, £ 1,2.")8,908 superannuation allowances, £ ];">9,295; militia, yeomanry, cavalry, and volunteers, ,2:n; THE EAST INDIA LOAN BILL. The House having resumed, On the motion for the second reading of the East India Loan Bill, Mr FA WCETT, who had gi ven notice of an amend- ment, "that in the opinion of the liouse it was inexpe- dient to raise by loan in this country 011 the security of the revenues of India so large a sum as was provided for by the Hili," "aid the object of the measure was a two- fold one; first to raise two and a-half millions of money, not to meet an existing deticit, but to enable Govern- ment to speculate and gamble with silver 011 the Stock Exchange and next to add this large sum to tiie permanent debt of India in consequence oi a deficit in the revenue of India. He denied that the fund was recessitated by the famine. which he pointed out had been otherwise provided for, and having cautioned the Government against treating the constantly recurring famines of India as extraordinary expenditures, he argued that if the sum asked for were granted, the House had 110 guarantee that the money would not be appropriated as ordinary income. He should not press the amendment he had given notice of, thinking it would be better to try and get the amend- ment reduced in committee than to invite, at that hour of the evening, a certain defeat that might elsewhere be misunderstood. Mr G. ONSLOW regretted the necessity for such a measure. Mr WHALLEY asked for an assurance from the Government that none of the money about to be voted should be spent iu the pending warlike operations in India. Mr C. B. DENISON criticised the measure in a friendly spirit. Hir G. BALFOUR complained of the vague character of the estimate. Mr O'DONNELL said he should not move the amend- ment he had put 011 the paper for the rejection of the Bill in a Ho ise of such slender proportions, but he con- curred with those who considered that the finances of India were in a very bad state, believing that there was much reckless and wasteful expenditure, which would never be properly checked until India had a better re- presentation in the House. Lord G. HAMILTON, in explaining the circum* stances under which the Bill had been rendered neces- sary, characterised the state of affairs in India as very exceptional. He repeated the statement lie had made a few days before that the loss 011 public works was decreasii'i;, and added that it was intended to appoint a Select Committee tliat would next year inquire into the subject. The extraordinary fluctuation that had taken place in the exchange in silver had had a great deal to do with the existing state of tilings, and it had been found necessary to take the powers asked for in the BUt in order tnat the Indian Government might not be with- out a reserve, but it was to be distinctly understood that they would not be used unless absolutely necessary, The Bill was then read a second time. The House then went into Committee on the Supreme Court of Judicature (Ireland) Bill. A division was taken 011 an amendment by Dr Ward to clause 13, his proitosal being that the duties of the judges should be restricted to their judicial functions. The amendment was opjxised by the ATTORNEY- GENERAL of Ireland, and negatived by 133 against 03. The clause^ was then agreed to, as also were clauses 14, 15, and 10, and on clause 18. Mr PARNELL moved an amendment to reduce the salaries of the judges. This was opposed by the Govern- ment, and withdrawn. A SCENE. On the amendment of Mr PARNELL to reduce the salary of the judge of the Court of Appeal, Major O'GOR.M AN, who supported the amendment, said there was not a man at the Irish Bar who would not jump at an oiler of £3,500 a year. They had judges in Ireland who had sat in that House as members of the Pope's Band," men who had incited people to go hy night and commit murder. (Cries of "Oh," "Oh," and "Order.") They were 011 the bench at that moment. (Renewed crias of "Order." It could not be deuie<i,and had never been denied. He could bring forward the very words that were used, namely, "The nights are short in June, the nights are loug in December," and til" men who used the language were now on the Irish bencb. Sir J. LUBBOCK rose to order, and asked whether it was competent for any hon member to say that judges sitting on the Irish bench had incited men to commit murder. The CHAIRMAN The observations of the hon member are certainly unusual. Major, O'GORM AN Very likely, but they are true. The CHAIRMAN was not prepared to "ay it was uafe competent for au hou member sitting in his place, aud with a due sense of his res[>onsibility—(hear, near, from Major O'Gorman)—to bring any charge against any functionary, however important, but he thought he was doing his duty in pointing out to the hon gentleman that the responsibility he must accept. (Hear, hear.) Major O GORMAN said he accepted the resixjnsibibty, aud he declared openly before all England that there was a man 011 the Irish bench at that moment who had made use of The CHAIRMAN again rose to order, and pointed out that the discussion was waudering from the point, which was the salary of the judge of the Court of Ap- peal. Major O'GORMAN again interposed, and made some further remarks, in which he apologised to the chair- man it lie had been supposed to be disrespectful. Mr O'CONNOR PO^SK and Mr COURTK.VAV said a few words, the latter of whom regretted the lan- guage used by Major O'Gorman, but urged that its sting lay in the fact that it contained a certain amouut ol truth. Mr BUTT deprecated that attack ou the Irish bench and bar, and indignantly denied that any eminent mem- her of the Irish bar would jump at £ 2,500 a year, adding that Major O'Gorman knew nothing about the Irish bar. This brought the Major to his feet again, and he in- sisted that lie knew very well what he was talking about. From this point the debate assumed a calmer toue, and eventually Mr WHALLEY moved that the Chairman report the progress. On a division, the motion was nega- tived by 203 against 5, Mr PARNELL then withdrew his amendment. Clause IS was agreed to, and progress reported. The Public Works Loans ^Ireland) Bill passed through Committee. The Sheriffs Co u-ts (Sco'Jand) Bill was read a second time. The House having gone into committee on the Solicitors Examination Bill, Mr BIGGAR objected to a Bill with amendments being proceeded with at that hour (halt-past one), and 111 >ved that the chairman report progress. This was resisted, and, ou a division, defeated by !)6, ( against 5. Amotion by Mr PARNELL. that the chairman loava the chair, was negative by '.W against 5. Mr BIGGAR then moved that the chairman progress, stating that lie was prepared to m:\ke a moVon manv 111 ore times, rather than allow the Hiu to 6'0 through committer on tnat occasion. The House c-jiuited out at 2.t &,ja.

and while they watch Ardahan, they have ten the Russians in the Soghanli Dagh, and ccessfully maintained the defence of Kara. One -«AU Ixaxxlly believe that MOUKHTAR PASHA the incom- Turkish commander in the Herzegovina, °UId, from his own intellectual promptings, have matters with such success. The Russians ft:'°V° A. KKMBALL, the British military £ ] Cfl* w^"1a ^ie Turkish troops, has been advising "he Turkish Commander-in-Cliief in the Caucasus. s is likely enough, but it will be stoutly denied kt.. ift circles responsible for the despatch of the 1 itisli fleet to Besika Bay—a direct menace to .^ussia. The war, both in Europe and in Asia, has, Will bo seen, passed into the supremely interesting ltage