Weekly Mail

RURAL JOTTINGS. SUABLE HINTS AND INFORMA- TION. *U>JTTEE FOR MUSHROOM GROWING. rj^nshrooms ha.ve been scarce this season. weather has been too dry for them, ^HEN the fields are well moistened in August «arly September they come in shoals, but SL ^AS not so this year. Consequently, they been high-priced in the shops, and T^PPLIEA have disapjwinted lovers of the J^THSOME esculent so much tjiat a winter would be particularly welcome. Now is V 6 time to set about preparing. The first ^UIREMENT is a supply of manure to make bed. Horse manure from the stable is only reliable sort. The droppings should collected with some of the short straw in Form A heap under cover in an airy add each day's collection till one or cartloads have been secured. If V^-NXIRE is not formed at home, it may be R°^GHT from neighbouring stables. It is ,°Hh 3s. 6d. a load. As the heap is being JOINED, turn it over every day, and spread et OUT, to admit of the superfluous moisture RAPING. If left in a heap a.nd never turned, 1 gets into a very bad state and mildews scorches and becomes incapable of pro- JOEING mushrooms. It should be dried till A handful of it is squeezed together it not adhere. RECENTLY STORED FRurr. » good deal of the fruit that was stored .^TELY now showingMcfecte which had not 'Jfcveloped when gathered. The small biTd and waspholes, which had all the ^Dearance of not being harmful, have ?Radually spread out in decay and become companions of the sound fruit. To pre- A?^T the disease spreading to these, look over 8 stores carefully, and throw out every ^^IMEN that is not sound. ^TTJRING TENDER PLANTS BEFORE THEY ARE FROSTED. ^^HERE are many beautiful and interesting that are planted out of doors in Z^FTMER that will not bear exposure in I ^TER. Plenty of them are not wanted .THCR, and are alloWed to ijerisih or are E«.RED out, but there are others it is desired G, RETAIN for another year, and aJl these ^^ULD be secured before they are in any injnred by frost or rough weather. Make of Uiie, as once the tops or any part frost-bitten it will be a difficult matter J, prevent their decaying in winter. Dig UP without injuring too many of the ^T^TS. Try and get a little soil to them. off all dead leaves AND flowers. If some TATHE shoots are long and straggling shorten TO make compact heads. Long- roots also be removed, but cut all off clean, and "not hash fchean. Single plants may be put small pots. A number may be put into ones, or they may be put in boxes. boxes may be from one to two feet long, inches deep, and a foot or so in width, holes in the bottom to let water escape; J/*13 is imperative. Put gome rough material J?. THE "bottom as drainage. Cover over with then put the plants in, and cover the with sandy soil. Make it very firm; it JJ;*1 hardly he too Arm. Place a layer of ,?^ID on the surface. Those put in pots may in way. Do not manure now, as this retain^ the moisture too much in winter. When planted water the roots and make the soil moist, and keep it in this state, but avoid a saturated condi- tion; that is unhealthy. Place in greenhouse, frame, windows, rooms, or any position where they will get light and a comfortable atmosphere. PLANTING THE ACONITES. The winter flowering aconites are dharm- ing subjects. They are delightful in groups in the flower beds.. The flowers are of artistic form, bright yellow, and open during the shortest days. They should be grown in every garden. and. are well adapted for "the small gardens attached to villa or cottage. Once planted they remain. They enjoy a somewhat light, rich soil that is well drained. They should be introduced now. FIRE HEAT IN GREENHOUSES. The introduction of fire heat to green- houses is never a welcome occupation. It entails more labour and greater expense in two items which no one relishes, but all lovers of plants and flowers, and they are as innumerable aa the sands of tlhe sea, are not disconsolate over this, as preserving their plants is their first consideration, and the more perfect they are retained the greater the satisfaction. No greater misfortune can befall a collection of plants in pots than to have them injured by frost or damp, par- ticularly at this time of the year, as they will be deprived of all tiheir attractions throughout the winter. It is a much harder matter too, to keep them alive with bitten and decayed ends than if whole and robust, and the first care now should be to see and prevent all damage. If the weather is mild do not fire. If a. sharp spell occurs keep up the temperature above all danger. If the weather is moist fire to expel the damp. Weather conditions may be taken as guides, but never be giving frost and wet the bene- fit of the doubt, a.nd be caught napping. It is no time of the year to attempt to force, and sufficient heat for this should not be pressed. For a month or two the aim should be preservation only. UTILISING FALLEN FRUIT. However careful one may be in collecting the fruit before it falls from the trees, quan- tities are sure to be brought to the ground by the wind, and very often the trees which we leave to-night with a fine lot on have been shaken half bare by the morning. This is vexing, particularly if the variety is a long- keeping sort. If ready for use the windfalls can be sold at once, and are quite suitable; but when those that are hard and green fall they cannot be sold readily, neither will the fruit keep for any length of time if it :s at all more or less bruised, but will soon rot. This applies to apples and pears. Plums are of less importa.nce, and less numerous. In cider-making districts fallen fruit is not objected to in the making of this admirable beverage. Big jam-makers, too, like to get great hauls of fallen fruit, as they have it dirt cheap, and convert it into jellies and jams which bear no traces of fallen fruit. It is not everyone, however, that has a cider or jam maker at his door, and a great deal of fallen fruit has to be handled in some way or left to rot on the ground. The latter should never be allowed, and all may be utilised in some form. Where apple jelly is made the fallen fruit will do nicely if used promptly, but there are other outlets. Fowls are very fond of apples. They will eat them greedily, and benefit by them, too. If the fallen fruit is in the orchard let the fowls in there; if in the garden, where they cannot be admitted, pick the apples up and put them where the fowls are. The apples act as green food, and are capital for those in confinement. Pears they do not relish so much. but pigs are partial to all fruit, and once they learn there are wind- falls about they scour the orchards every- where. There is no objection to this so long as they do not do any other damage, but if there is a danger of that only let the pigs out a little while every morning till the fruit is eaten up, or collect the fruit and convey it to them. Let them have it fresh, as rotten fruit is very objectionable to all animals. Cows, too, like apples, and where they graze in orchards they are constantly on the look- out for fallen fruit. I know of one cow- keeper who during the latter part of the milk famine time, now happily over, asserted that his supply was well maintained from the cows eating many juicy apples. I can believe this; but, in a.ny case, no one should regard fallen fruit as worthless, and all should employ it for. animal food as far as possible. LATELY-PLANTED CABBAGE. Oajbba«-e3 for the spring put in some weeks ago are now growing well. It is a great advantage to get them thoroughly established before the winter sets in. They then pass through it with little or no injury or set- backs, and are in good order to push ahead in early spring. At present the plants should be trodden round firmly, then draw a little ridge of soil up on each side with a drag hoe. FLOORS OF POULTRY HOUSES AND RUNS. As fowls roost up on perches a was from the floor or ground, it may be thought it does not matter what state the floors are in, but it docs. A very great deal, too. Nothing makes the atmosphere of the houses so offen- sive as to have holes in the floors where the droppings accumulate and remain. It is unhealthy for the fowls and disagreeable for all who attend them. The floors should, therefore. all be made quite smooth and hard. If composed of bricks fill up vacancies with these. If concrete, use this mwterial, and make all secure. Wired in pens where the fowls remain in the day time are often very filthy and unhealthy in winter. The surface material is frequently sticky, and holes retain the water for a lone time after rain falls. Then, is it any wonder if roup and other ailments set in, and the hens are unable to remain in laying condition? This is very often the case. I hear much of it after tihey become eiok; but how much more satisfactory it would be were preventive measures taken in good time. When is that? Now? Yes, now. If the founda- tion is stiff soil or material that tho waterdoee not soak through readily, dig it all out to a depth of one foot or more. Put some drain tiles in, and Oil np with broken bricks and clinkers. There are capital rough stones a.nd such like. Then place a layer of ashes, grit, or gravel to a depth of three or four inches on the surface, and beat down firm. Be sure and leave no dents, and try and make it to incline sharply to one side, where the water will run off. Although there is some labour in all this, depend upon it, compensation will follow in the extra good health of the fowls, and their capabilities of being useful will increase. When the foundation is all right, the sur- face may be wrong. If of a hard-set mate- rial repair all holes. If of loose stuff, pick this over, take away the surface for several inches down, and renew in a substantial manner, carefully guarding against pools forming. EARTHING UP CELERY. All colery now requires earthing up. It is not acceptable without this attention, and if not oarefully done much may be spoiled in the earthing. The first crops have been earthed some time ago, a.nd they require more now. Tie a. little piece of material round the tops of each plant to keep it close together. Break up some of the soil finely along the sides, and then push, it up to the plants and put it neatly and firmly round each one with the hands. A height of about four inches is enough to raise the soil at one earthing. Beat the soil neatly up along the outsides of the raised soil The late plants that have not yet been earthed up should have all their little bottom leaves taken off. Leave only the' tall ones Give the roots a thorough soaking of liquid manure, tie the leaves up aa in the other case, and then break the soil finely along the sides, push it between the plants with the spade. and press down with the hands. Take great care in all earthings not to let any soil fall into the middle of the plants. This will make them earthy when cut np for use, and very unacceptable. When celery is well watered before earthing it keeps the roots in good order afterwards, as they do not suffer from drought then. A CAUTION—LONG SHOOTS ON ROSES. Robust bushes often produce shoote four, five, or six feet in length. They give the plants rather an uncared-for appearance, and th9 disposition of the owners is to out them off to make things more tidy. This is generally done when a clean-up is given before winter, and I write now to try and avert lharm being done. There is far too much desire .to cut roses down in the autumn, and very many promising plants are crippled by it Autumn is not at a.ll the season to prune roses, and whatever the length of the long shoots may be, they should never be cut down to more than half their length. This may be taken as a safe guide, and adhere to it, please. There will never be any harm done a.t such a distance, and the plants will be made quite presentable. There is no objection to this, and shortening very tall shoots has another advantage, which should induce their curtailment, apart from getting a. neater appearance. When the shoots are very long they afford a great leverage for the wind. They wobble about till the roots are loosened, and this is 80 injurious that means should be taken to thoroughly prevent it. OLD RASPBERRY LEAVES. All of last year's growth and tha.t pro- duoed fruit this year are now absolutely useless. They are not taking anything out of the eoil now, but they are untidy, and may still screen the sun and air from the useful oanes. It ie, therefore, beet to go over them and cut out every old oane by the ground level. Clear them all away, and put them in the rubbish heap. Do not disturb the young growths now. HOUSING CHRYSANTHEMITMS. It is ulteafe to allow valuable chrysanthe- mums to remain exposed out of doors now. Damp will ethnse them to mildew, and frost will injure the flower buds. Much dis- appointment often occurs by this. as once the top of the bud is nipped. howeAer slight, it will develop into a blemish in the bloom, and the petals will be ragged and shabby. To have them entire and perfect in form and colour, the plants should never feel frost, but this may be experienced any night now. Pick out all the most forward first. Those showing the least bit of colour at the tip of the bud are in most danger. Wash the pots, and pick off all decayed leaves. Then put them in any cool, airy house with a waterproof roof. This may be a vinery, peachhouse, conservatory, or greenhouse. The plants may be stood quite close together, and the roots kept always moist. Liquid manure may now be given liberally to assist, in developing the flowers. Do not use fire hea.t for them; keep them cool and airy, as the later they can be kept the better. A slight shade overhead is not objection- able. They are best, too, if not very far from the glass. Thoise that are very late should be placed in a sheltered position out of doors for a w&ek or two longer, unless the weather is very rough and severe. LATE TOMATOES. Tomatoes will not make much more pro- gress in the open. I hear many accounts of their great success this season, and their more extended cultivation next year is assured. This I am glad of. As soon as ever any fruit shows the slightest sign of colour- ing pick it. off, and put it in a warm room to complete ripening. If many of them are splitting, take them all off, and submit them to the same treatment, whether they are green or not. Disease will be very common now, as the moist, cool nights favour it. This appears as a spot of decay on the fruit and spoils it, but it will not occur after the fruit is taken in. If plants in pots were placed out of doors and still bear fruit, take the best of them into the greenhouse. Many of them will produce quite late fruit. Do not give much water at the roots now; just enough to keep ttem from drooping. Do not give liquid manure. Plants that have been grown under glass are now nearly over. If only a little fruit remains gather it and throw out the plants. Their space may be better occupied by other subjects now. Winter tomatoes are not a profitable crop unless good, glass-houses are available.

IMPORTANT RATING CASE COEDFRANC OVERSEERS AND DOCK CONTRACTORS. At Neath. County Police-court Mr. L. J. Kempthorne gave the decision of Messrs. W. Leyson and Edward Davies in the matter of the action of the overseers of Coedfranc against Messrs. Topham, Jones, and Railton, from whom was claimed a sum of £ 600 for rates, which were stated to be due in respect of certain land at Gnimlyn Burrows, in the occupation of the company, who are the contractors for the King's Dock at Swansea. The overseers were represented by Mr. Edward Powell, and the respondents by Mr. D J. Davies (of Messrs. Aeron Thomas and Co., agents for Mr. B. Duncomb Sells, solici- tor, London). The Magistrates-clerk d r. L. J. Kemp- thorne) read the decision of the justices. In doing so he pointed out that the defendants had leased a quantity of land at Crumlyn Burrows, and had constructed 2,OCO yards of railway across it for the purpose of working the sand necessary for the construction of the new dock. The landowner was the Earl of Jersey, and he agreed to lease two quarries, the defendants to take sand from that portion indicated upon the plan. In the agreement the defendants undertook to pay all rates, &c., and the agreement gave the landlord the right of re-entry and the power to distrain should the tenants be .n arrear. Further, nothing wa« to prevent the landlord from selling sand, but he could not do so to such an extent as would interfere with the rights of the defendants. It was argued for the plaintiffs that defendants were in the exclusive occupation of the sand-banks, and were, therefore, liable for the rates. The respondents, on the other hand, contended that the right to take the sand was only an easement, and not ratable, that the defendants were riot in exclusive occupation, and, therefore, not ratable, and that the real effect of the agreement was the demise of the two quarries and licence to take the ea.nd. The justices held, however, that they were bound by the whole of the terms of the agreement, and not by any isolated portions I thereof. Did the exercise of the rights given by the agreement involve a physical posses- sion, and was the right an exclusive right? The justices found as a fact that the defen- dants are in physical possession of the soil, and that they could exclude other persons from exercising the rights belonging to them. It was stated at the hearing that Messrs. Cammell, Laird, and Co. had sunk two trial holes, but those holes were sunk by the defendant company, the former being anxious to test the foundations. The justices found that the railway was made under the powers of the agreement and not under any Act of Parliament, as had been sug- gested at the trial. The defendants were in exclusive occupation, "d were, therefpiye, liable for the rates. An order for payment and costs was made. A discussion in regard to costs followed, and twenty guineas was agreed upon on the suggestion of the clerk. It is understood that the matter will be taken to the High Court.

FATHER JONES MEMORIAL DECISION TO ERECT NEW VESTRY- ROOMS. A sermon in memory of the late Father Jones was preached at St. Mary's Church, Cardiff, on Sunday evening by the Rev. H. A. Coe, vicar of St. Dyfrig's, who was for twenty years assistant-priest under Father Jones. After the service a. large number of the congregation met at the schoolroom, in order to consider the best way of perpetuating Father Jonee's memory. The Rev. Gilbert Heaton was in the ohair, and was supported by the Lord Mayor and others. The Lord Mayor moved a resolution that a memorial be established, and Mr. Heaton said he could not think of anything which the late vicar would have wished for more than the building of new vestry-rooms. Mr. Cullimore moved an amendment that ft stained-glass window be raised. The Lord Mayor said he saw no reason why a stained-glass window could not be erected fn addition to the vestry. The vestry would cost at least £500, and he looked forward to a larger amount than that being subscribed. Mr. H. J. Thatcher, who was also in favour of building a vestry, read a. letter from the Rev. Mr. Noel, who promised to contribute JB10 towards the expense. On a vote being taken tie majority were of opinion that the memorial should take the shape of vestry-rooms. A committee was appointed, and a further meeting will be held in the Bute-terrace Schoolrooms on Friday, at 8.30. I l-1

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REBUKED LOVERS SUICIDE A promising young soldier, named Joseph M'Cabe, was found shot in Armagh Barracks. The cause of the tragedy could not be guessed till the following letter from his sweetheart was found:- Dear Joe, Just a line hoping to find you quite well. I must say you gave me a. splendid character on Saturday. I never knew what a flirt was before. When you had given me up you might not have taken away my character, as a. girl has nothing in this town if she loses her character. I would like to know who told you I was a flirt. I think you should have known mo better than a.ll that. Now I would not have the best boy in town to clean my boots—not but I could have a half- dozen if I only wanted. Of course, I don't expect to be long in this town. I expect to see Chesterfield very soon, a.nd as you don't want me, perhaps I'll get a nice fellow over there; but, of course, none of them will ever be as nice in my eyes as you have been. Although you may have heard a lot of lies about me, I always thought too much of you to flirt with anyone. Bat don't believe that I have anyone else. No, dear Joe. You can never love two. You know you don't treat me fair, but I hope you will forget all this and forgive me if I said anything wrong.-I remain yours for ever, Annie. The coroner's jury believed that the "tiff" with his sweetheart preyed on M'Cabe's mind, and they returned a verdict of Suicide while of ensound mind."

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SOUTH AFRICAN FOOTBALL TEAM IN ENGLAND. I The first photograph taken of the team since their arrival in England. It will be noticed that they are wearing their "springbok" vests. Reading from left to right, their names are:- First row:-A. F. MaTBburg. A. Stegmann, J. Crige, D. Morkel. II. Beid, J. Baaff, D. Brink, II. Daneel, W. Brooks, S. Morkel, D. Moore. Second row :—H. Carolin, W. A. Burger, W. C. Martbeze. C. H. Carden (manager), Paul Boos, (captain), P. Le Roux, J. B. Loubser, H. A. Da Yillierm. Bottom row:—r. «7. Dobbin, Andrew Morkel, 8. Q. Melker, W. Miller, J. Le Boux, —. Burmeister, A. Jackson, J. G. Hirsch. tPhoto Half Tones.

SHOOTING STAR OF POLITICS. LORD ROSEBERY ON LORD RANDOLPH CHURCHILL. Lord Rosebery gives his reminiscences and impressions of the late Lord Randolph Churchill in "a volume which was published on Monday morn- ing by Mr. Arthur L. Humphreys, of 187, Piccadilly. Lord Rosebery seldom touches any subject, either in his speeches or writings, without investing it with par- ticular interest, and this remark applies especially to what he has to say about one of the most striking personalities in the political world of the latter half of the nineteenth century. Lord Rose- bery as a personal friend had, perhaps, better opportunities than most of his contemporaries of forming an estimate of Lord Randolph, and what he has to tell us, in the graceful diction and felicitous phrase which characterise his style, forms a valuable supplement to Mr. Winston Churchill's biography of his father. Of Mr. Winston Churchill's book he speaks in eulogistic terms: — If there be a flaw, if there be a. want unsatisfied, it is, perhaps, that we are not treated to more of Randolph's crisp, pointed, and delightful letters. The reason is. no doubt, that they were too crisp, pointed, and delightful for present publication. What a fascinating volume" could be provided by his voluminous corre- spondence with Lord Salisbury, himself so skilful with his pen! But this for the- present generation, at any rate, is, I pre- sume, forbidden fruit. THE COMPACT WITH PAENELL. Before leaving the subject of Mr. Winston Churchill's Life Lord Rose- bery deals with the alleged "compact" with Mr. Parnell, about which at one time there was so much controversy. He says:—"Sincere and honest as it is, Mr. Churchill's memoir cannot be a complete disclosure. It is quite possible, for example, that it will not eradicate the impression that the relations between Randolph and the Irish party up to June, 1885, were in the nature of a close understanding little short of an alliance." Lord Rosebery points to Lord Randolph's own statements, and adds: There can be, I think, no question in any impartial mind that there was a valid, though unwritten, understanding with the Irish leader, of which many in high position among the Tories may have been unconscious, and of which Lord Randolph was the medium and the channel. It may, perhaps, be held, without doing him any injustice, that Randolph was pre- pared to concede almost all the Irish demands except that which is popularly and sentimentally known as Home Rule." But on that issue he was immovable. I never heard him use but one language with regard to it-that it was impossible. A CHARMING PEN PICTURE. A considerable portion of the volume is devoted to the circumstances attend- ing Lord Randolph's resignation as a member of Lord Salisbury's Govern- ment, to the part he played in the Fourth Party, his advocacy of Tory Democracy." and his speeches. Lord Rosebery defines Tory Democracy aa the wolf Radicalism in the sneep- skin of Toryism." Interest, however, will unquestionably concentrate chiefly upon the personal element, and Lord Rosebery presents us with this graphic and characteristic description of Lord Randolph — Randolph's personality was one full of charm, both in public and in private life. His demeanour, his unexpectedness, his fits of caressing humility, his impulsiveness, his tinge of violent eccentricity, his appa- rent dare-devilry, made him a fascinating companion, while his wit, his sarcasm, his piercing personalities, his elaborate irony, and his effective delivery gave astonishing popularity to his speeches. Nor were his physical attributes without their attrac- tion. His slim, boyish figure, his mous- tache, which had an emotion of its own, his round, protruding eye, gave a. com- pound interest to his speeches and his con- versation. His laugh, which has been described as jay-like," was, indeed, not melodious, but in its very weirdness and. discordance it was merriment itself. All this is in the true Roseberian vein, and the humorous description of the "moustache which had an emotion of its own will be appreciated by all who were ever thrown into close persona] contact with the subject of the sketch. HIS PLACE IN HISTORY. Lord Rosebery has much to say of interest with reference to Lord Randolph's speeches which in this notice can only be touched briefly. Hft considers that Lord Randolph was best on the platform before a great audience. He invariably wrote his speeches, shutting himself up for two days before- hand to prepare them, and when he had read the manuscript over twice he had invariably learned the speech by heart. What strikes Lord Rosebery chiefly in these speeches is their audacity and their extravagance, as if he deemed anything good enough for the ferocious enthusiasm of mass meetings." Why, with all his dazzling attributes, did he not achieve a complete success? inquires Lord Rosebery. His career was not a complete success, and yet it was far from a failure." The reason ho did .not achieve a complete success, Lord Rosebery attributes in the first nlace to waywardness," but it is neces- sary to remark that we do not know when his fatal illness began to affect him. Another reason was that he was in the wrong party. His opinions, instincts, aims, were not merely Liberal, but Radical." WTiat is his place in history?" is the next question propounded, and Lord Rosebery's answer is:- In one sense he cannot All a large p&g^ for he left behind him no great measure. Nor did he found a school or inaugurate a new policy; for Tory Democracy ia seldom mentioned in these days save with the mournful accents of some bereaved devotee. But he will long be cited as a political prodigy, he will encourage those who wish to play a great figure in youth, he will be studied for the methods of hia extraordinary success. Of Parlia- mentary reputation Randolph is sure. Even with his unfulfilled promise he must be remembered as one of the most meteoric figures, as the shooting star of politics, as one who when in office strove for a broad and enlightened policy to which he pledged his faith and career. He will be jathetiially memorable, too. for the dark cloud which gradually enveloped him, and in which he passed away. He was the chief mourner at his own protracted funeral, a public pageant oftloomy yeam) And, finally, Lord Rosebery, in refer- ence to his generous estimate of Lord Randolph's character, says:—"I see, as the public saw, many faults, but I remembered what the public could not know, the generous, lovable nature of the man. I cannot forget the pathos of the story; I mourn, as all must mourn, to whatever party they belong, that he had not time to retrieve himself, not time to display his highest nature. I grieve, as all must grieve, that that daring and gifted spirit should have been extinguished at an age when ita work should only have just begun."

j WIFE AND WAGONETTE. GRIFFITHSTOWN MAN CHARGED WITH THEFT. At Pontypool on Saturday Henry Watery of the New Inn, Griffithstown, was charged by his wife. Mrs. Amelia Waters, with steal- ing a wagonette, her property. Mr. W. J. Everett, of Pontypool, appeared for the com- plainant, and Mr. Harold Lloyd, of Cardiff, defended. Mr. Lloyd stated he would choose to have the case tried by a jury, and he was poBi- tive no jury would ever convict. The case was adjourned for & week.

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— x LANDLORDS AND TENANTS DIFFICULTIES OVER THE PAY- MENT OF RATES AT CARDIFF. There was another, long list of rate sum- monses disposed of by the deputy-stipen- diary, Mr. E. Milaier Jones, at Cardiff Police-court. The difficulty that per- petually recurs in the relationship between landlord and tenant agai-n cropped up more than once. When the rate is inclusive with the rent, and the tenant has fallen into arrears, the landlord refuses to fulfil his part of the oontract and pay the rate; or. as sometimes happens, when the tenant has paid his rent in full the landlord, who has agreed to pay them, is behind with the rates. Then the tenant is summoned, as being the party legally liable, and he explains that be has paid the rent and cannot under- stand why he should pay rates for the land- lord. Then the tenant is always directed by the court to deduct from his rent the amount of rates for which he fcas been summoned. In a case in point on Friday Mr. Lougher, one of the collectors, rose and asked if it might not be written off the rent book, as in half the cases they could not see the landlord. Were they not, then, justified in writing it off? Mr. Milner Jones: It is your duty to see that it is done. If you don't do it you excuse the landlord, and not the tenant. Mr. Lougher: Shall we be justified in marking it on the rent book? His Worship: I think you are justified in marking on the book that it has been deducted from the rent. You can put that on the book; nothing else.

MR. LLOYD-GEORGE AT LLANELLY. I REPLY TO CRITICS OF THE EDUCATION BILL. I Mr. D. Lloyd-George, M.P., president of the, Board of Trade, visited Llanelly on Satur- day afternoon and addressed a public meet- ing at Zion Chapel—that spacious edifice which has been the scene of many notable gatherings in the past. There was a full attendance, representative of the Liberalism not only of Llanelly, but of the whole of the county, while Swansea, Neath, and other towns were also represented. The right hon. gentleman came in for a splendid ovation as he marched up the aisle, accompanied by Mr. Llewelyn Williams, M.P: for the Carmar- then Boroughs, and Mrs. Williams, and Mr. D. Lleufer Thomas. The chair was occupied! by Mr. D. Rees Edmunds, who at the outeet proposed a vote of condolence with the Prime Minister in the bereavement he had recently sustained. The vote was passed in siience, the entire audience upstanding. Mr. Richard Guest proposed a resolution of confidence in the Government. Mr. Evan Evans seconded the resolution, which was carried without a dissentient. In responding on behalf of the Govern- ment Mr. Lloyd-George at the outset of his speech referred in warm terms of eulogy to Mr. Llewelyn Williams as a member who had thus early in his career made his mark in the House. Mr. Williams's first speech on Free Trade earned for him warm encomiums from the Prime Minister, who when it was being delivered turned to the President of the Board of Trade and asked, Who is he? He is a very able young fellow, at any rate." (Hear, hear.) Proceeding, the right hon. gentleman claimed that the Government had done better work in the few months left them by the old Government than any Government of modern times. They had carried the Employers Liability Bill prac- tically through all its stages. They had carried a Trades Disputes Bill through two or three stages. They had carried a Plural Voting Bill placing every man on an absolute basis of equality 60 far as voting power was concerned. They would send those Bills to the House of Lords, and then something would happen—there would I be a fine game of football in that field before long. (Laughter.) Then there was the Bill abolishing the property qualification for magistrates—(cheers)—a Bill which said that what a man wants to sit on the bench was not land but brains. (Applause.) This was a very startling proposition-^ very revolu- tionary one, which had upset ail the notions of the old Tories. Again, there was the Merchant Shipping Bill, in which he was interested—(hear, hcar)-and many small Bills. THE EDUCATION BILL. Regarding the Education Bill, the speaker pointed out that it was a measure of thirty clauses, but judging by some of the criticisms it might be imagined that it was a one- clause Bill. The clergy talked about Clause 1, but there were 29 others. There were friends of his own who talked as if there was only Clause 4. The position now was that there were 6,000 schools in the country whose only source of income was the rates paid by the public, and yet no Noncon- formist could be the head-teacher in any one of those schools. Nonconformity was as great a disqualification as if it were a crime. The Bill would put an end for ever to that state of things. (Applause.) It established absolute popular control of all schools main- tained out of the public funds. Then in Clause 8 all theological tests for teachers were abolished. He himself had been brought up in one of the Church schools in Carnar- vonshire, and he had that school in his mind when he sat at the Cabinet helping as far as he could to draft the Bill. He knew what happened at those schools. He did not theorise about it, for it had been burned into his brain. People said that children saw nothing and felt nothing. They saw more and felt more than they knew. Four- fifths of the children at that little school in Carnarvonshire were Nonconformists, and it was, managed by the parson He had never heard of a parson sending his own children to the echool which he managed. At that school, which was maintained for the most part by the ratepayers of Carnarvonshire, without distinction of sect or creed, they were given religious instruction. Whose? That of the Church of England, and they were taught dootrines wnich their parents told them they could not believe. In that school with him was a boy who was now a learned canon Off the Church in that-county. At that time he was. a frantic Calvinist, while he (the speaker) was an equaJly fanati- cal whole Baptist. (Laughter.) But there was a startling change, and the future canon's faith in Calvinism suddenly vanished. (Laughter.) What had happened? He had become a teacher, and in order to become a teacher his whole faitih in "Cyffes Fydd" vanished, as he could Tiot become a teacher without it. If be had stuck to the "pum pwnc," he would have been still a. miller with his father. (Loud laughter.) These things in school filled their little souls with disgust; and what could be said of this barter and sale of the greatest gift that God had given to man—this barter and sa-le for money and a career?

NEW MAGISTRATES FOR GLAMORGAN. THE LORD CHANCELLOR'S LATEST LIST. The Lord Chancellor has added the follow- ing names to the commission of the peace for the county of Glamorgan:— Mr. W. J. Williams, of Barry, partner in the firm of Williams a.nd Mordey, ship- owners, of Cardiff and Barry. An active Liberal and one of Mr. Brace's chief sup-1 porters during the Parliamentary contest this year.. Mr. T. W. David, timber merchant, Pen- doylan House, Peterston-super-Ely. Mr. Sam Thomas, superintendent, of the Taff Vale Railway Company's docks at 1, enartb. Mr. J. M. Berry, Pembroke House, Merthyr. A native of Haver ford west who went to Mer- thyr in 1874, and has taken an active part in various matters connocted with the wel- fare of the borough. For twelve years he has acted as election agent for Mr. D. A. Thomas, M.P., on the Merthyr side of the constituency. He was a member of the old district council and of the corporation. He is chairman of the public works committee and an ovex-seer. He carries on the business of auctioneer .and accountant. Mr. Gwilym Arnold Evans, Ffrwd Villa, Mountain Ash, is a fellow both of the Incor- porated Society of Accountants and Auditors and of the Chartered Institute of Secretaries. He was a member of the late Llanwonno School Board for nine years, and also sat for five years on the committee of governors of the Aberdare Cbunty School. A Liberal and a Churchman, and a lieutenant in the local detachment of the 3rd V.B. Welsh. Mr. John Isaac, of Elmgrove, Dinas Powis, has carried on business at Cardiff for many years, formerly as member of the firm of Collett and Isaac, provision importers, and latterly as head of the firm of J. Isaac and Sons. Mr. Isaac is a. Liberal. Mr. W. J. Lewis, Caederwen, Park-street, Bridgend. Mr. W. Evans, estate agent, Tonyrefail. Mr. Samuel Jenkins, Cwmgoree, is one of the largest timber merchants in South Wales. He has spent some years in the United' States. He was one of the promoters of the New Cwmgorse Colliery and Cwmgorse Brick- works, two very successful companies. He is a Liberal and a Oongregationalist. Mr. William Daniel, of Crynant, mining engineer, has for more than twelve years been a member of the Neath Rural District Council and a guardian. He is the principal, in the Crynant Colliery Company and in the Wern Plemys Colliery, Ystradgynlais. Mr. William Howell, monumental seulpior, of Skewen, has already served a good apprenticeship to the work, for he has been a justice by virtue of his position as chair- man of the Neath Rural District Council for six years. He has for a long time taken a prominent part in the management of the affairs of the county, and in educational work he has proved a strong factor for good. Mr. Howell is a militant Nonconformist and a Liberal. Mr. Jacob Ray has been agent since 1893 of the Ocean Deep Navigation Collieries, Tre- barris. He was born at Tranch, Pontypool, and started to work underground at the age of ten. Later he served as collier, fireman, overman, under-manager, manager, and agent. He has served on the Rhondda Dis- trict Council, has been president of the South Wales Colliery Officials' Association, and member of the South Wales Institute of Engineers. Mr. E. H. Griffiths, F.R.S., fellow of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, has been prin- cipal of the South Wales University College, Cardiff, since the death of Principal Viriamu Jones. He is a man who takes a very extended view of the scope and influence of his position, and takes an active interest in educational affairs generally in South Wales, especially in its modern and commercial side.

DISSOLUTION FROM WITHIN LORD MILNER ON THE GROWTH OF ANTI-NATIONALISM. Lord Milner was on Friday, at the offices of the Imperial South African Associa- tion, presented with an address from the inhabitants of Cape Colony. The address was presented by a deputation comprising several gentlemen who had travelled from South Africa to be present, many Anglo-Africans in London, end the members of the Imperial South African Association. The deputation was introduced by Sir Gilbert Parker, M.P. The address, which was signed by over 25,000 inhabitants of Cape Colony, S'ald Lord Milner'a work in South Africa had recently been attacked in an ungenerous manner in a quarter where continued misapprehension of its true character and tendencies might have the graveet consequences both to South Africa and the Empire. Therefore, this was considered a fitting occasion to express the unqualified approval of the signatories of the principles which had guided his lord- ship's conduct as High Commissioner. Lord Milner, in* replying, said the great objects they all had in view was the gradual Lord Milner, in! replying, said the great objects they all had in view was the gradual fusion of the white races in South Africa into one nation, and the retention of that nation as a. permanent member of the British group of States. These objects bad been in greater peril in the past than they were to- day, though it would be a mistake to under- estimate the present peril. In his opinion the danger was on this side far more than in South Africa. The danger in Squtb Africa was disunion, but the danger at home was the growth of a spirit of what he -could only call anti-Nationalism. It was II a gTave fact a.nd a real danger that so large a number of people in England, whenever theiT oountTy's interests were at stake in any part of the world, alwayB felt compelled by conscience to side against her. South Africa was still suffering from the anti- BTitish at home. Once the people realised the danger of this spirit there would be a tremendous rally not only in this country, but in our great Colonies, for the preserva- tion of the Empire from dissolution working from within.

BRISTOL CHANNEL FIND. FUTILE ATTEMPT TO TOW A MAN'S BODY ASHORE. The crew of the ketch Union saw the body of a. man floating in the Bristol Channel some distance below Barry on Friday, and a boat having been put out, James Howard, the mate, and J. Binding proceeded to tow the body. They continued to do so for about an hour amd a. half, but, as the tide was carrying them towards the south-east, they had to give up the task. The body was that of a man agod about 50. It had black bair, the head being partly baJd. The clothing included a blue guernsey and plaid moleskin trousers, and on the right foot was an Oxford shoe, with a tip on the heel, the left foot being bare. The body had, apparently, not long ccmc to the surface.

DISASTER DUE TO HIGH SPEED. CAUSE OF THE SALISBURY CATASTROPHE. The Board of Trade report was issued on Friday in reference to the disastrous railway accident which occurred at Salisbury on July 1, when the engine and coaches of a boat-train express from Plymouth left the rails and came into violent collision with a milk strain. It will be remembered that the express carried 43 first-class passengers, in addition to the usual employes and waiters, and that of the passengers Z4 were killed or died subsequently from injuries, while seven were seriously maimed. The engine- driver and fireman were also killed, and a ticket-collector and two waiters injured. To this deplorably long roll of killed have to be a,dd,ed the guard of the milk train and the fireman of a light engine which was stand- ing on the down bay platform road, whilst the driver of the light engine was badly &calded. Major Pringle, who held the inquiry, says that, bearing in mind approximate calcula- tions as to the centre of gravity, curves, and speed of trains, and for want of any evidence from the con- dition of the permanent way, engine wheels, Ac., of ordinary derailments, he has come to the conclusion that the high speed at which the train was travelling caused the engine to overturn on the sharp curve imme- diately at the east end of Salisbury Station platform, and that the disaster was directly caused by the speed of the train, which must have been very much in excess of the maxi- mum speed authorised by the company's instrucnions and timings. Obviously, no increase in the depth of the flanges would have any effect in minimising liability to overturning. I do not think," says Major Pringle, "that there was any defect in the permanent way or in the engine or rolling stock which was likely to have contributed to the acci- dent, nor had the length of the train or the weight of the load behind the engine any- thing to do with the case. Further, I believe that if the speed-limit of 30 miles an hour through the station had not been exceeded the disaster would not have occurred. THE GUARD'S SHORTCOMINGS. "It was within the power of Guard Harri- son, if lie was aware that the train was not running in accordance with the usual prac- tioe or with the company's speed-limit and timings, to apply the continuous brake him- self. If he had done this he would have reduced the speed of the train, and possibly have prevented the accident. He explains that he was afraid of breaking the couplings or causing some other damage to the train. He stated at my inquiry that he recognised that the speed was dangerous, and if this were eo, it was his duty to have used the brake even at other minor risks. In his evidence at the coroner's inquest he said he did no-t think the speed was dangerous, and made other statements conflicting with the evidence he gave before. I feel obliged, there- fore, to regard with suspicion much of the material portion of his statements. Whilst recognising that his position was a difficult one, it is a matter for regret that he showed himself go little fitted for responsibility when he must have been aware, if he were awake and alert, that the driver was not obeying the company's instructions regard- ing speed." Commenting generally on the speed of trains, Major Pringle states that further im- provements in the way of alignment and inclination will assuredly become necessary if companies desire to ptoce themselves in a position to meet a demand for sustained high-speed travelling. CUTTING TOOLS ON TRAINS. Some time appeared to have elapsed before all the passengers were extricated from the debris, and it bad been suggested that the time of their imprisonment would have been shortened if saws and other cut- ting tools for such an emergency were carried on the train itself. But it must be remembered that men as well as tools were required, and it was not clear that if tools had been carried on this train they would have been brought into use. Major Pringle concluded his report with an expression of deep regret for the long roll of valuable lives lost in this disaster. SPEED POSSIBLY 70 MILES AN HOUR. It is many years, he says, since an acci- dent has occurred in the United Kingdom with such terrible results, a.nd there is no known case. where overturning has been caused by hfch speed. It is but fair to the London and South Western Railway Com- pany to add that during the past seven- teen years only two passengers have been killed on their system in railway accidents. Major Pringle in the course of his remarks in reference to speed says it is im- possible to say what the speed of the train actually vms, but the whole of the evidencfe pointed to the probability that the speed was at least twice as great as that autho- rised by the company, and it was possible that it may have been as much as 70 miles an hour. Apart, however, from regulations and timings, it was inexplicable how a driver could have apparently been so reckless as to travel at such a high speed on this section of the line.