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,WHY STOESSEL GAVE IN.

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WHY STOESSEL GAVE IN. Garrison Distraught with Weak- ness and Famine. Almost Every Man Sick or Wounded. Bitter Grief of the Defeated I General. Pathetic Appeal to His Subordin- ates to Fight On. (Press Association War Special.) Tokio, Taesday,-The text of the besieg ers' telegram announcing the capitulation of the fortress was as follows — "The plenipotentiaries of both parties concluded their negotiations to-day at 4.30. "The Russian Commissioner accepted the i whole of the conditions submitted by us and consented to capitulate. 'Signatures are now being fixed to the document. "Simultaneously with the conclusion of the negotiations both parties suspended hostilities. "It is expected that the Japanese will enter the town to-day. "The Commissioners signed the compact of surrender at 9.45 last night." TAKING POSSESSION OF THE FORTRi S. (Press Association War Special.) Tokao, Tuesday (4 p.m.).—The Japanese to-day took possession of a number of the Port Arthur forts. The Russian oiiicer and officials are per- mitted to return to Russia on parole, the officers retaining their swords. RUSSIAN HOPKS DIRECTED TO EDt. (Press Association War Special.) Paris, Tuesday.—The "Journal" pays high tribute to the valour of the Japs. The "Figaro" remarks that Stoessel, hy holding out at Port Arthur, rendered to Kuropatkin the inestimable service of de- taining a quarter of the Japs' forces, which enabled the Commander-in-Chief to remain at Mukden and there organise his army. The fall of Port Arthur is now nothing more than an incident. It is in Manchuria that the issue cf the war will ho decided. NEGOTIATIONS AT -c,-G EAGLE'S NEST (Press Association War Special.) Chifu, Tuesday Noon.—At eight o'clock last night, when the last launch left Port Arthur, the negotiations between the Japa- nese and Russian representatives for the sur- render of the fortress w re still in progress at a fort mailed Big Eagle's Nest, near Er- lungshan. It was reported that a proposal ot Gen- eral Stoessel's that the Russian sick and eral Stoessel's that the Russian sick and wounded should remain under Russian medi- cal supervision, and another proposal re- garding the removal of non-combatants from the town had been favourably received by General Nogi, but the condition that the Russian troopg should marcn out under arms was giving rise to some controversy. Sub-lieutenant Klkovitch, who com- manded the launch, in an interview thris morning, said not a shot has been fired dur- ing the past two days. What the Chinese heard last night was the Russians blowing up the forts, ships, magazines, warehouses and docks and everything else of value. 'When I left Port Arthur the fortress and 'he town was almost completely wrecked. warships died hard, several explosions being necessary to complete their destme- kno. ,rrho Sevastopol, ,ter catching fire, blew ut) and tarred turtle. The harbour entrance ia Mocked by the sunken ships. "Ile "iiy navigable vessels at POt" Arthur are the hospital ships Kasan and Mongolia, but you r),, not expect them here as they are -nabl*; to J'e on account of the ob- f.-wios in the chaui&el. 1't::) lieutenant said Colonel Reiss repre- spr+s General Stoessel in the negotiations which began yesterday. It was ei^ected that agreement would Le reached by midnight. A table in Big Eagle's Nest fort was spread with vine and food, and the envoys on both sides tre«»<:ed each other with the greatest courtesy, which quickly merged into informal good fellowship, and mutual compliments were paid to the bravery of besiegers and besieged. "Never were compliments more truly de- served. "The statement that there are 6,000 fight- ing men at Port Arthur is misleading, be- cause the majority of them are either half- sick or slightly wounded. "The news that General Stoessel was pre- pared to treat for surr-ader was received with the utmost relief. "For the past month severe wounds have been gladly received becarise they allowed the weary troops a rest which otherwise it was impossible to obtain as when they were not fighting they were tunnelling on half- rations. "The bombardment of the last day or two of the siege was terrific and everybody said that even General Stoessel must see the futility of further resistance when our guns were unable to reply. "It is a mere han-iul of broken men who surrender, and bu a debris strewn desert that the Janane.se gain. Not one of Port Arthur's magnificent public works remains. "The soldiers for whom every month's service in Port Arthur has counted as year, are rejoicing that they will soon see their families again." Tl,e statement telegraphed yesterday re- garding the arrival of a steamer with 800 wounded Russian soldiers on board, turns out to be incorrect. Chifu, 2 p.m.—Two more Japanese de- stroyers have left, and onlv one now re- mains here. The news that General Stoessel had accepted General Nogi's terms surprised the Russian officers, who arrived here by the last launch, as they had not heard the report when they left Pert Arthur last night. STOESSEL WISHED TO FIGHT TO THE LAST MAN AND CARTRIDGE. (Press Association Wa- Special.) Chifu, Monday Night.-Captain Kartzoff, in an interview he gav me to-day, said: "Port Arthur falls of exhaustion—exhaus- tion not only of ammundtion, but also cf men. "The remnant left was doing heroes work for five days and five nights, and yesterday it had reached the limit of human endur- ance. "In the casements of the forts one sa.w everwbere ,face. black with starvation, ex- haustion and nerve strain. "Y üU spoke to them and they did not amwer, but stared dumbly in front of them. "Lack of ammunition alone would not have gmenipt-ed aily attempt to arrange terma; lack of ammunition has been com- mon in the fortress during the past months, and many forts had nothing with which to return the fire of the enemy. "The ftuesiaiis sat in the casements firing no more than one shot to the Japanese, GOV. "Then when the assault came they "e- pulsed the enemy wlt the bayonet, but the men tbemselvftl eding for three months on reduced rations, were so worn that it is marvellous they stood the final strain &o long. "Yesterday, StOessel Still vanted to fight. His wounds received early m the sicge had been bothering him but his determination to fight as long as one rllaIl Stood was un- dimtnshed. 'But we cannot sadd his geltetaiS) 4our men cannot move.' Th<y sleeP sid- ing They do not see a bayonet at t^j, brlasls. VVe can orde^ but they cam* "'Then you general* fight! cried] Stoess" clenching his fistc He seemed fan- atical on the subject, but finally brought to see reason by the lDsLSt of a subor- dinate. "Admirals Lo 'hnsky and ^en> Generals Bmyrncff, Fock and many oth" wnictiraes w:th broken voices, urged which »11 had dreaded tor so long. "I am sure that port Arthur have sought terms long ago nad it not \>eeu i°r Stoessel, who, wit', bul.'dog tenacity, re- pulsed tho repeatedly urged adyioe of the ftber officers. He had told bis Emgwr that he would never i arrender, and he meant to keep his word. "The greatest loss Port Arthur suffered occurred a fortnight ago when General Kondratenko was killed. Officers and sol- diers alike regarded h-m as the brightest star in Port Arthur's firmament, and when his death became known, a fall in the sol- diers 'spirits was plainly visible. Kondra- tenko was seated in the casement of a cer- tain fort discussing with several other officers tue best way cf counter-mining the Japanese, when an 11-inch shell burst, kill- mg everybody in the casement. General Nogi has taken Port Arthur with his artillery and tunnels. Rifle bullets he seldom found effective. "Constantly we endured a bombardment fiercer than any in history, the Japanese f>ori(jdically assaulting. If repulsed, they calmly resumed the bombardment. i do not exaggerate when I say that the big shells which were mostly used fre- quently left no place to put one's foot. "The Erlun gshan Fort is a case in point. The Japanese advanced their trenches and artillery, shelling the Russians out with a shower of metal, then occuping the position. "StoesseTs whole incentive is keeping the promise be made to the Czar. "We who came here to-day do not know the terms he suggested to Nogi for consider- tion, having departed even before the mes- senger was despatched. There is a general impression, however, that Stoessel proposed that the army should go free, he alone be- coming a prisoner. "The last concession semed to wrench the sturdy old man's heart, but whether the negotiations terminate in an agreement on the terms of surrender or not it is cer- tain that Port Arthur is doomed. "We still have some ammunition and some guns in Liaotishan, but Liaotishan is not well adapted for -fence from the land side and the Japanese wou" I find it an easier task than the others they have attempted. The same is true of the Tiger's Tail Penin- sula and Golden Hill has been without am- munition for three months. "Sinoe reaching Chifu I have seen at tempts made to make it appear that General Stoessel alone wished to surrender, the other generals, wishing to continue the defence. This is a Lie based solely on the personal dislike entertained for Stoessel in certain quarters. "It is a simple story: Had the ammuni- tion held out the fortress would have held out indefinitely. "For months we held Port Arthur wth bayonets alone till flesh and blood could do no more. "When a man fc" there was none to re- place him, and thus the garrison was gradu- ¡ ally worn down. "203 Metre Hill cost us 5,000 men, and the capture of that stronghold was the be- ginning of the end." Captain Karzoff added that the Jap ar- tillery was excellently served and very strong. They had 400 guns trained on 203 Metre Hill. "In personal combat the Japs were greatly Russians inferiors. One Russian could take care of three or four Japs in a bayonet fight. "The Japanese are good and brave sol- diers, although I like them little. "It has cost them 80,000 men to take the fortress, and some say 100,000. "The number of our own dead ris unknown even to the high officers. "No sacrifice was the ght too great to im- press the enemy that all was well dnside. This is the first potato I have tasted for our months, and is {his really and truly a steak?" JAPAN IRATE AT ALLEGED ILLEGAL ACTION. (Press Association War Special.) Tokio, Tuesday. General Stoessel is being sharply criticised here for destroying I the ships, attempting to choke the harbour entrance, and despatching destroyers to Chifu subsequent, to his offer to surrender. The "Xichi Nichi" says that while Gen- eral Stoessel has made a gallant defence, his action in blowing up the ships after he had offered to surrender leaves a lasting blemish on his military reputation. The act, it urges, indicate a want of sin- cerity and leaves room for the extension of treatment to him commensurate with ihe reputation he has won by his bravery and gallantry in defence. The journal contrasts the conduct of the Mikado with that of General Stoessel. The "Ji Ji Shimpo" characterises Gen- eral Stoessel's action as mean and unlaw- ful, and says that it should deprive him of any military honours at the hands of his captors. It revives charges of the violation of the Red Cross flag at Port Arthur, and declares that in fixing the terms of the surrender no treatment of the Russians could be too se- vere. This journal also contrasts the conduct of the Russian General and the Japanese Em- peror. PAINFUL IMPRESSION IN ST. PETERSBURG AND PARIS. St. Petersburg, Monday.—The greatest consternation was everywhere produced on receipt of the news of the capitulation of Port Arthur. In marine circles it is con- sidered that the loss of Port Arthur is an irremediable disaster. People in the streets refuse to believe the evil tidings. Paris, Monday.—The news of the capitu- lation created a painful sensation here. The "Temps" says: "The moral effect in the Far East will be terrible." Berlin, Monday.—The news of the sur- render created immense excitement here, and the capitulation is considered to be a tre- mendous blow to Russia. WHAT JAPAN'S TERMS WOULD BE LIKE. The "Standard," on Tuesday declares it is able to state that the fall of Port Arthur "is a great step towards peace." It learns, however, that while there is no question of mediation, the great obstacle to a peacehl solution of the struggle, as far as Japan is concerned, is removed. While Port Arthur held out, it continues, there was not the slightest possible chance of peace. The great carnage has, however, hardened the temper of the Japanese, and they will demand much more stringen terms now. Tho terms, says the "Standard," "would be the permanent occupation of Saghalien Ly Japan, a protectorate over Korea, the c s- sion of Port Arthur to Japan, with absolute discretion as to retrocession to China, tne placing of Russian railways in Manchuria under an International Board, with a certain predominance to the Chinese members, and an indemnity."

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TERMS OF SURRENDER.

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