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--0'1 PROGRESS OF POPULATION…

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--0' 1 PROGRESS OF POPULATION IN I MONTGOMERYSHIRE. In a former article we made some general statements with regard to the progress of population in Montgomeryshire. It may be interesting to our readers if we now proceed to describe the increase and decrease in various parts of the county, and, in some cases, to give the reasons suggested for that increase or decrease. The whole population of Mont- gomeryshire rose from 48,184 in 1801 to 69,607 in 1841, then fell to 66,919 in 1861, and rose again to 67,623 at the last ceneus. Of that number 18,677 were included within the limits of the six pariL.meata.ry boroughs, allotted as follows:—Llanfyilin, 1,132; Llanidloe!s, 3,428; Machyn- Hpth, 2,042; Montgomery, 1,285; Newtown, 5,744; Welshpool, 5,048. The number of ma.1es in the combined population of the Boroughs was 9,063; the number of voters 2,792; while of the 25.032 males in the county con- stituency, 4.790 were voters. Of the two municipal boroughs, Llanidloes has increased in population from 3,127 in 1861 to 3.428 in 1871, while Welshpool has de- creased from 7,304 to 6,983. The municipal borough of Welsbpool which contains 19,549 acres, is, as many of our readers know, one of the largest in the kingdom. Wen- lock, m Shropshire, is considerably larger, containing 33,000 acrea both Wenlock and Welshpool are what we may call rural boroughs, arbitrary divisions of the county, extending far beyond the borders of the towns whose names they bear. Comparing Pool with the municipal borougts of Liverpool and Manchester, we nnd that the former i only about one-fourth as large, and the latter only about one nfth; while the City of London contains but 6G8 acre- The parliamentary borough of Pool also covers an extensive area., but it is only about a third as large as the municipal borough, and shows an acreage of 6,761. The Jimita of the parliamentary and municipal borough of LIanid!o"s are conterminous; the number of acres is 611. As we have already shown, there has been a decrease in the population of the municipal borough of Welahpool that decrease Is partly attributable perhaps to the fact that in 1861 a considerable number of railway labourers were em- ployed in the locality. Taking the Registrar's sub-district of Welshpwl, we find a decrease in the townships of Leight.in, Hope, Trewern, Middletown (216 to 113), Uppington, and Cyfronydd, and the divisions of Pool Middle (2,644 to 2,504). and P.WI Upper; and an increase in Castle Caer- einion. Pool Lower (1,478 to 1,710), and Clatterwood. In the Sub-District of Montgomery, another part of the same colon (Forden), out of sevei Montgomeryshire townships, five gh,.w an increase, L!andys<il the largest, 790 to 830; and two a decrease, Berriew from 2,155 to 1,929 (principal attributed to emigration), and Churchstoke (partly in Shropshire), 1,369 to 1,320. Taking the union as a whole we and a slight decrease, from 19,097 In 1861 to 18,858 in 1871. A decrease is visible in both the Sub-Districts we have mentioned, and, as we have shown, is not compen- sated by an increase of 150 in the Sub-District of Chirbury, which includes part of Shropshire. When we pass to the neighbouring union of Llanfyllin we also 6nd a decrease, but only of 18. The population in 1881 was 21.699; at the last census it was 21,671. The decrease is contined to the Sub-District of Llanfair, which lost 375 inhabitants in at the end of which it contained 6,100. This remarkable falling cS is :attributed to the emigration of labourers in search of more remunerative employ- ment and to the demolition of dilapidated cot- tages, but it is a fact which seems to require explanation that the decrease is chiefly of females' C.'n anyone te!l us why this stampede of women from Llangy- aiew, from Danfair-cat-reinion, from Llanerfyl, from Llan- gadfan—Liangadfan only lost one male, but thirty fe- males'—from Hannhangel, occurred in the last decade? Garthbeibio is the only parish in the sub-district that shows an increase there the males remained stationery, at 186 smd the females increased in number from 140 to 146. The flight is not explainable by any theory of an overplus of females, for in 1861 th&y only numbered 3178 as compared with 3197 males. Altogether, the former show a diminution cf 199, the latter only of 79. In theigub-ilistriet,3 of LIan- saintnrnid and LIanrhaiadr there was an increase of popu- lation 10,223 to 10,447 in the former, and 5.101 to 5.124 in the latter and there is some ground for the supposition that the "night of women" from Llanfair took the direc- tion of those two districts, where the number of females Increase 1 by 171 and the number of males by 76 In LlanaaintSraid district—the increase is observable in ('ar. reghova (400 to 524), the Pool division of LIansaintnraid (725 to 838), LlanfytUn (1,880 to 1,934), Meifod (1.806 to 1.855), and Hanfechan (60 to 665); while Deytheur (530 to 524), Llandrinio (910 to 875), Llandysilio (689 to 674), and Guilsneld (2634 to 2558). show a decrease. In !Lla.arhaiadrdistrict,the chief increase lies in the Montgomery- shire pir of the parish of that name (772 to 856), and of Pen- nant (705 to 802); and Llangynog is in the same favourable (,lteg,ry, though the numbera are only 608 as compared with 601. Llnarinon, which is in Llanfyllin Unioa, but in the county of Drnù;ù, Laa ..J"IC:C:Ù \l'iv t.' J.Jv/, ".t<, Llangedwyn (297 to 268), and Llancadwaladr (223 to 209), m the same coun'y, have Mien on', as have Himant (295 to 361). and Llanwddyn (529 to 443). The decrease in the two last named localities is attributed to the atoppage of mining worka, and the increase In Pen. nant and LIanrhaiadr to the opening of mines; while the opBn¡n of the railway Is credited in the Census Books with the aidition to the population of Llansaintffraid Darish and Carreghova township. For the present, perhaps, that is a sumciently large mass of ngures: when we re- turn to the subject it will be our more agreeable duty to deal with the two unions at the other end of the county, ;Nr town and Macynlletb, where population has in- creased. These statistics will enable us better to com- prehend how great a benefit, in a commercial sense, mining railway, and other works, confer upa& the com- munity into the midst of which they are bright. We may hope. however, that the movement which is now going on amongst the agricultural labourers wit! tend eventually to check the decrease of population even in secluded rural parishes. At nrst, no doubt, migration will be at work, producing a contrary effect, but as the standard of wae, rises, a.nd the condition of the labourer improves, the .3 attraction of the centres of manufacturing and mining operations will diminish. Improved land laws and condi- tions of tenure, and the abolition of, at least, ground game, by bringing more land into cultivation, and introducing better and more productive systems of farming, will act in a similar directioill 'and re-act beneficially on the whole corn munity.

CUll-I AGAINST THE POLICE…

. A SAD CASE OF DROWNING AT…

'<:j MAOHYNLLETH.

LLANIDLOES.

NEWTOWN.

WELSHPOOiL.

MARTON.

LLANFYLLIN. ,?

RUYTON XI. TOWNS

F.T.r A ?LANFECHAIN.

LLANDysiLm

MjANFAIR CRAEIRF-INION.

OSWESTRY.