The Cambrian

HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE-QUEEN'S BENCH DIVISION.—WEDNESDAY, JAN. 27. (Before Mr. Justice Hawkins and Mr. Justice Wills.) SW ANSEA TRAM Co. v. SWANSEA URBAN SANITARY AUTHORITY JUDGMENT. Mr. Justice Wills: In this case, which was argued before us yesterday, the question is whether tramways, for the purpose of rating uuder the Public Health Act, tall under the exemption, or part of the exemption which is provided in the case of a railway. The question arises oil the 211th Section of ,the Public Health Act, the ma- terial words of w:aich are "any land covered with water or used only as a canal or towing-path for the same or as a railway"—t-hen it will be lated at one-fourfil of the value. It was argued that the word" ouly" does ,enot apply to ttie railway. I can see no reason why it should not. The natural construction of the words would make it so appli- cable, and if in the second member of the phraze it Was inteuded to omit that word. tije natural way of expressing it would have beeu to have it said used only as a canal, &c., or as a railway." Used ouly" in one branch of the sentence, fol- lowed by "or as" in the other seems to imply that the word only" covers them both. But it seems to me immaterial for the purposes of this case and the question which we have to decide because the objection which has be"n taken on the part of the respondents, which, in my opinion, is a good one, is that tramways are something essentially different from railways, and that in the Legislation of 1875, where rail- ways are spoken of, they cannot possibly have been supposed to include tramways. By that time tramways had been thoroughly well introduced, and were so completely part of the ordinary communication made use of in this country, that in 1870 a Tramways Act had been passed which consolidates the provisions which in all ordinary cases are for the future to apply to tramways. The Legislature, when it passed that Act, did not think it necessary to define a tramway and, as it seems that the definition is always I shall follow the inclination of the Legislature and not attempt to define either railway or tram- way. But it appears to me to be sufficient to say that no ordinary person has had any difficulty in distinguishing between the two and it seems to me that the exemption in favour of railways cannot possibly, by the Act passed in 1875, have been intended to cover tramways. That seems to me to be a sufficient answer to the objection which has been made on behalf of the appellants. But then it was argued that in this case there were some special circumstances in the Legisla- tion with regard to the Swansea Tramways, which took this particular case out of such general consideration. The tramways were formed under a variety of Acts, the earlier one being of 1844. When I say the tramways, I mean the tramways and certain other portions of the undertaking, which are now carried on by the Tramways Company, which consist of a railway —that which is called in the Act of Parliament under which it was made, "railway or tram road co Oystermouth"—and of a series of tramways proper, which are indistinguishable from any other tramways. which are carried on in any part of the United Kingdom. In the earlier Act of 1844, the undertaking to which that applies is described as a "railway or tram road." Afterwards, a number of other Acts were passed, by which the present Tramway Company have got powers of laying down a considerable number of tram- ways and making large street improvements. They also got power under the Act to become the owners for the time being of the Oystermouth Railway or tram-road, and they also got power to make a considerable number of tramways and the present question arises, not with regard to the Oystermouth Railway or Tram-road, but with regard to the Tramways proper which have been made under I¡he provisions of this Act of 1874. The 67th Section, and a group of Sections begin- ning with the 80th Section, seem to me to show conclusively that these are the ordinary tramways which are laid along the streets of a great town, and which are indistinguishable from tramways as ordinarily understood. Parts 2 and 3 of the Tramways Act of 1870 are specifically incor- porated. Further, to take away all doubt from the fact of there being some exceptional circum- stances in the fact that this Tramway Company now owns the Oystermouth Railway, it is pro- vided in Section 97, Sub-section 4, that that Railway or -'i'ram-road, that is the Oystermouth, shall be for all purposes of tolls, ra.tes. and charges, and all other purposes, part of the tram- way undertaking." So that Ithere is nothing in that Section, or, as it seems to me, in any other part of the Act, which constitutes these Tram- ways anything but the ordinary Tramways so understood in general language, and of the same class as tramways all through the country. It was pointed out yesterday, in the course of the argument, that the distinction between Tramways and Railways had been recognised, I think, in other parts of the Public Health Act, and in several other Acts which were mentioned before us. It is quite impossible to suppose that, under a Section which created an exception in favour of railways, the ordinary street tramways could have been intended to be included. For these reasons I am of opinion that this appeal ought to be dis- missed. with costs. Mr. Justice Hawkins I have nothing to add to the judgment of my brother Wills, but to say that it is to be considered as our joint judgment. Mr. Finlay: My Lord, the costs would include the costs of an application made to enter the case after the time had expired, of which costs were reserved. Mr. Justice Hawkins Oh, yes. Mr. Justice Wills That is, by the non-success- ful appellant. Mr. Finlay: Yes, my Lord. There was a special application, my friend tells me, to enter the case. The time had expired, and on that application an order was made that the costs be reserved. I ask that the costs of that should be included.. Mr. Boyle We cannot resist that, my Lord. Mr. Finlay: No. Mr. Justice Wills I might have added, and I intended to add as one of my reasons, or illustra- tions, rather, that it never yet has been con- tended, and I certainly am personally interested that it should not be contended, that all the tramways are subject to the jurisdiction of the Court over which I have the honour to preside, namely, the Railway and Canal Commission.

A TRAVELLING SIDE-WALK. The moving sidewalk/' as it is called, at the Chicago World's Fair grounds, was recently opened to the public. This contrivance is practically composed of a ring-shaped platform of considerable diameter mounted upon trucks which are kept moving at the rate of about three miles per hour, on rails fixed to the o-round. Upon this continuous platform are fixed rails for a series of cars or trains which move forward relatively to the platform at a speed of three miles per hour, or at a total speed of six miles. This, at least, was the original idea, though we do not gather from reports whether it has been fully carried out. One of the criticisms made of this means of transportation was with reference to the daneer to old men, ladies, and children but experience from a week's use of the road shows that there is no trouble in this respect. T1.P aneed is slow enough to offer no difficulty • rrJh-inff on or off. In this respect the moving sidewalk" resembles very much the to be found m some of the big London warehouses or blocks, there being a „ elevator chambers continually s?- i"™;»Blr ^so thfa jLenger has 0nly P 0r Lightning.

„ of the Labour Commission The pipping iSamuel Plimsoll, president nieJifnJ^ue8 Firemen's Union, gave evidence of theSeamen>andFimnen ,B fL K KT ound that the loss of life the prohibition it was rouuu was reduced by two-thirds. That Act was repealed in 1S62 without a word of ex^anation. A com- mittee appointed ten yea^s after t p n that the deck-loading period was marked by a loss of life four times greater than wi pro- hibited. He would prohibitdeck-loadin in winter across the Atlantic, though perhaps special pro- vision might be made for the peculiar c l°n of Canadian ships. The witness proceeded o speak of bad provision issued to seamen, which resu ed in death and frightful disease, and of msuffic.ent accommodation. He also urged that seamen s offences should not be tried by shipowners. QUESTION FOE THE LADIES.—Which is the best Tea to drink ? A leading London Tea Hroker better "Blue Cross" Pekoe Souchong, at 2s. per lb., »s Detter tea lor drinking pun OKB thau a Golden Tip Tea, wMch recently sold at almost its own weight in gold, ASK j vour Grocers for Blue Cross" Pekoe Sonclion„' (see you 1 ret it), in lead packets. 2s per lb. Other prices, Is |«d, I £ m. » 1M, and M«d W lk. J t*25

WHY THE RUSSIANS PERSECUTE THE JEWS? TO THE EDITOR OF "THE CAMBRIAN." SIR,—ily attention has beeu drswu to an article in last week's issue under the above heading, which contalDs statements of an iinccurate character. As I have to thank you for some very kind remarks on the Jews in Russia and Jews in genera!, in previous impressions, it may seetu UQgi acious to fiBd fault on the present occasion, yet in justice to the Russian Jews, I cannot allow such an article to pass unnoticed, especially as systematic attempts have beeu made of late to cheat the Russian Jews oat of the sympathies and good wishes of western nations by preferring charges against them, tending to lend a colourable pretext to the diabolical persecution of which they are the objects. It is said that the autagouism of the Russian peasantry to the Jews is not at all, as has been too generally supposed, a matter of religion. Religion has next to nothing to do with it." This tale is only told by Russian officials, whose own fortuues are to a considerable extent built up on the hard-earned wages of helpless Hebrews, who have beeu compelled to live under privations which would have destroyed any less hardy race. The present persecution of the Jews in Russia deserves t) be studied, as part of the system by which the so-called Orthodox Greek Church aims at producing absolute uniformity of religious belief throughout the Empire. Western Europe is completely ignorant with the consistent policy of religious persecution that has characterised the Russian regime at all times. The Jews are persecuted simply because they are not, and will not become members of the Greek Church, and everyone else who persists in remain- ing outside the pals of Orthodoxy are also made to feel the consequences of daring to differ in their re- ligious belief from the tenets of the Greek Church. In proof of this, one has only to observe the persecu- tion that is being directed against, Roman Catholics, Lutherans, Stuadists, Arme«ians, and Protestants. la the eyes of the bigoted and fanatical Russian Government, all the former are accursed heretics, whom it is the duty of the Orthodwx believers to persecute, despoil, and destroy. A project has only lately been drawn up by the Russian Government in co operation with the Church, to consider the means to crush the ever-spreading agglomeration of religious sects, with the most rigorous treatment possible. Thus the Orthodox Government of Holy Russia proposes to introduce a system of religious boycotting. The Daily Chronicle some weeks back informed us that M. Pauloff, the well-known leader of the Russian Baptists, who returned three months age from a prolonged banishment in Siberia, has bean again transported for another term of four years, for refusing to sign a paper pledging himself to abstain from religious exercises." Our friend who recently returned from a trip to Vienna tells us, through you, Mr. Editor, that "the Jew has, to a large extent, not only a monopoly of money, but, unfortunately, a monopoly of the drink trade," and that if the peasant has a bit of land of any sort, or any other property, be, in an hour of misfortune, slIoI or mortgages his property up to the hilt. Not only so, but, under the dire influence of present gratification of his passion for drink, he mortgages the result of his next season's labour, that is to say, he sells to the Jew the right to garnashie and take possession of the wages which the Moujik may earn for his next year's labour." The Jews of Russia were originally able to be money-lenders, because they were themselves the only people who had money credit and it was known that what they borrowed they would certainly pay. In Russia, compara- I tively few Jews now have either the money or the credit. The great Russian novelist, Turgenieff, faithfully depicts life in his country, by repre- senting in his "Virgin Soil" the Russian noble- man lending money to the peasants at 100 to 300 per cent. per annum. Outside the Pale of Jewish settlement, where there are no Jews, the usurers are all Christians, sometimes noblemen, frequently even clergymen. Mr. Arnold White, in his recent report on the Jews in Russia, states that he had tried everywhere to find a Jewish usurer, as he had (probably like our Vienna friend) heard so much of this class, but that he failed in his quest. The Hebrew money-lender and exploiteur, who saps the blood of the Russian peasant, and who, as village Shylocks, advances money to drunken Mooschiks, whom they never again release from their clutches, turns out to be a fiction of the mendacious Russian press. It is the Kulak, and not the Jew, who extorts the last copeck from the Moujik. If the Jews "mortgage the Moujik's property up to the hilt, and the result of his next season's labour," how is it that a law has not been passed to prevent them doing so? Day after day we hear of fresh edicts and new laws being framed against the Jews of Russia, which are being enforced with severity. The Jew has not a monopoly of the drink trade. In a book on "The Jewish Question in Russia," by Prince Demidoff San-Donato, translated from the Russian by J. Michell, H.M. Consul at St. Petersburg, statistics are given which prove that the drink traffic is far greater in Russia proper, where no Jewish spirit dealers are allowed, than in the Jewish Pale, there having been in a given time in Russia proper an increase in the consump- tion of spirits of 17 per cent., while within the Pale the consumption remained practically stationary, the increase being 0-2 per cent. Drink is one of the great curses of Russia, as in many other countries. Within the Pale there are some Jewish spirit dealers, but, as I have mentioned before, in Russia proper there are not I any. "There can be no doubt" (said the Liverpool Courier some weeks back), that the case against Russia, and in favour of the Jews, has been proved up to the hilt, and it is a disgrace to the names of humanity and Christianity that, because this power is of colossal proportions, her barbarity should be meekly tolerated by all the nations that call themselves civilised." Frederick the Great never said a truer word than this: The government that persecutes the Jews is ruining its own subjects." Even the dull, apathetic Russian is rapidly becoming alive to this truth, and it is greatly to be regretted that the minUrtera of the Czar have not thought fit to bring to their master's notice the petitions of several Russian districts, entreating the govern- ment (for their sake) not te persecute the Jews. Would our Vienna friend kindly read articles appearing day by day in the Telejraph by Count Leo Tolstoi, a Russian, and ''For Goi and the Czar," by J. E. Muddock, week by week in Tit-Bits. Voilil toitt.-Yours obediently, J. PHILLIPS, Minister of the Swansea Hebrew Congregation. 26th Jan., 1892. ♦

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RELIGION AND AMUSEMENT. THE REV. J. E. MAXNIXG, M.A., ON THE SUBJECT. We have before us a book, published by the British and Foreign Unitarian Association, con- taining eight essays on "Religion and Life, and an essay on "Modern Religious Developments, by various writers, under the editorship of Richard Bartram. The subjects treated on in- clude an introduction, then "Religion and Theology, "Religion and Science, "Religion and Ethics, Religion and Trade, "Religion and Citizenship," "Religion and Society," "Religion and Art. The following lengthened extract on the subject of Religion and Amuse- ment, is by the Rev J. E. Manning, M.A., now of Sheffield and formerly of Swansea. We may say the book is an easily-accessible one, and should be in the hands of all thoughtful persons who have an interest in Modern Religious thought and feeling. What relation does Region bear to our Amuse- ments ? L-t w" reply by auother question. What relation does Religion bear to any other interest of Lfe? What to our daily occupants? our business? our social intercourse? our conduct in the world? Religion i» coueernad, or ought to be concerned, in all these things, its special ltiuction as applied to them being to purify, enuob'e. and restrain to help us to do our duties faithfully to make our work the fitting result of earueet labour seriously bestowed to render social life pure. Religion is like the leaven. It penetrates life through and through, making wholesome the mass. God intended it not meiely for the Sunday, to keep us devout on oue day in the week oulv. It is to go with us into the work of the other fix als >, to consecrate all that we do, permeating the whole of life and making it good, nght, and clean. Religion ought, therefore, to touch our recreations and amusements also, rendering them innocent and helpful, as well as enjoyable, and so enable us to go back to our work refreshed and strengthened. Recreatloa is re-creation, and Amusement is, etymologically, the hall which a dog makes in the chase-a pause to suifE the air, in order to see which way the scent lies. That done, he starts off again witri redoubled speed. Hence both wonis, recreation and am«sem,ent, contain in themselveti a guide to the understanding of the place they should occupy in our lives. They are for tile reirEsh. iag of our strength for a pause in the serious work of life, in order that we may gather our faculties together for tresh effort. Now, Religion has nothing to say against Aaauasmtnts which r fulfil this object. Religion sanctions a Sabbath- a rebt from labour. It sanctions all recreations and amusements which make this rest efficacious, a real revfc for Mind or body. But it has oulv con demnation for the abuse or Amusements, when they leiid to vicious and depraved habits, and to Irecreations which involve any moral blemish, Toac Puritanic spirit which condemns all Amuse- meuts indiscriminately is false. God made us capable of eujo iog ourselves, just as He made us able to tinnk, and talk, aud labour with our hands. The child can play before ic can do any one of these things. Experience proves how natural enjoyment is to us. We do our work the better lor it; we are more cheerful for it- we do the drudgery of life more con- teutedly for our intervals of pleasure. Children flag if they are not allowed time for play. Better woik is done in a school in which a break in ttie routine is regularly permitted for games in the open air, than in one where the papils work on through the whole morning it an increasingly vitiated atmosphsre. A romp in the fresh air is a more tffeciual stimulant than the cane. So also, we children of older growth need times of re- frestaibg in the routine of daily business, moments when we can ihrow off the lead of care, hours of relaxation when we can drinkjin the sunlight, and enjoy pleasant converse with our fnenas. We should be overwhelmed by the monotony and seriousness of life but for its intervals of We should be overwhelmed by the monotony and seriousness of life but for its intervals of pleasure. God has tempted our caDacitios together in such a way as to produce, by tiieir harmonious working, the best results, and the capacity for Amusement would not have been given us if it were not intended to serve a userul purpose. The world will have recreations and amusements, whatever Puritanic asceticism may say to the con- trary, and it is right that it should have them. Abuses arise, it is true, and tome amusements Religion caunet sanction. But abuses also arise in business—fraud, dishonesty, shatp practice; and Religion cauuot sanction these, though it has notbiug to say against business legitimately con- notbiug to say against business legitimately con- ducted. Religion will help us to discover in both cases what is lawful and what is not what business We may follow witaaut centimination, and, ou the other hand, what amusements we may indulge in innocently, and what we must avoid. Card-pUying is in itself iunocent enough. Though many excellent people condemn it as sinful, I have never yet been able to tee the smallest harm in a quiet rubber ef whist. It is certaiuly a reat boon to the aged, when the fyes are failing, and reading is 80 longer a possible resuuice lor a dull evening. For both oli and young it is an intellectual game, i and it affords that amount ef play for the minu which gives it rest from more serious thoughts and presiiug cares. JBut*it may be abused like every- thing else. You may aiakeita means of cheating, gambling, swindling. But that is your fault. Tae fault does not lie in the game. Let nothing ever induce you to play for money stake, however, small. Let your liieuds sneer at you, or laugh at ) ou, If they will; but do not let that shake your determination. It is the money stakes that do the mischief. It 1b here the abuse comes ill. Begin to piay for money, and from thrit moment the danger signal is hoisted. He may escape unhurt. Thousands do. But he may not; and it is the wisest and most prudent thing, to say the least, to avoid the possibility. Betting and gambling are a curse in this land, secoud only todr.nk. The vice has made its way even into our schools, and is regarded by the boys as a proper and manly thing to indulge in. A lucrative trade is canied on among them by gambling ageuts, Who send advertiseaieuts offering them money on easy terms, by which they may risk the chances of some forthcoming race and the victims are the more easily duped by the aE- surance that their parents will make up all losses. Nor is the vice less pernicious among the young out- side the school. The boys iu the street risk their small peuce ou the result of this race or that foot- ball match; and, losing, appropriate money that does not belong to them; or, winning, spend it on things they are better without; and under any circurnstauces lose the honest, candid, wholesome character a decent lad ought to have. Betting and gambling, and almost every other kind of vice, find a natural home in the racecourse, as vermin breed iu a barn. What a mass of ini- quity is represented in the wordlf 41 the turf." Immoral men aud women of no character gather at races as it by natural instinct. It is a gay and pretty scene, a race; innocent enough at the first glance; the busy field, the handsome dresses, the smart equipages, the happy faces, the ceaseless movement, and the mingled voices of the crowd, combining in one bright picture pleasant to look upon. The very horses seem to enter with anima- tion into the spirit of the hour. But a closer view dispels the lllusien. Here are card-sharpers and blacklegs; men with blackguard plainly written in their faces, vice in every feature, who flavour the air as they pase with mingled giu and tobacco. Here are men who come to swindle, and women who come to allure. Here is the thieving tout and swindling tipster the professional backer, the heavy betting owner, the sporting publican, the liar, the gambler, the broken down betting man, who, at the first glance, proclaims himself, from the sole of his patched-up shoe to the crown of his rakish hat, to be precisely what he is-an unprin- cipled rascal. Hither comes the city dlerk, the shop- boy, the shop-keeper, to risk his small savings, or, worse still, the money he has borrowed for the oc- casion, on the chauce that some favourite horse may win. If the race were between tha liorses, he might, perhaps, see his expectations realised. But there is a jockey astride each horse, and the result is doubtful! Hither also comes the merchant, the manufacturer, the book-keeper, to try his luck in the risky business, of book-making. Hither come the idle, the frivolous, the vain, the needy, the scum from all classes of society, to see and be seen, to bet and swagger—a noisy, demoralized, and, latar in the day, a tipsy, blasphemoull crowd. Religion has nothing the say against racing as racing. There is nothing intrinsically cruelin it, as there is in coursing and pigeou-shooting nor is it more injurious to lifeaud limb than hunting. No moral law is necessarily infringed by a trial of speed between well-trained horses. It is the knavery connected with it that renders raciug morally injurious, the betting and gambling that have became the sole interest to the thousands who flock to the course. Some have thought that Religion ought to frown down all Amusements as pernicious and morally objection- able. The puritans, in the time of the Stuarts, set their faces bternly against games and recreation of every kind. It is true the looseness and dis- soluteness in certain quarters gave some colour to their objections, and certainly the Puritan ab- horrence of the unbridled gaiety of the age, with its selfishness and sensuality. had something noble in it. But they carried it too far. They frowned down all public amusements, from masques which were exhibited at the mansions of the great down to the wrestling matches and grinning matcheB on the village green." To be continued.

CADBURY'S COCOA. Of fI1 strength :of a highly economical nature, free from added starch and sugar. —Health. A It is stated from Rome that the Pope has a plot of ground on the Aventine Hill, 50,000 metres in extent, and has given orders f/lr the building of a large monastery, the cost of which is calculated at four million francs. The greater pait of the sum has been collected by the Benedic- tines in all parts of the world. In an action bronght by a Shropshire farmer against the Great Western Railway Company to recover the value of several s tac ks of wheat igiited by sparks from the company s engine, a r.ry in the Queen's Bench Division on Saturday found a verdict for the defendants on tbe ground that the latter had adopted a proper method of arresting the spark,, and that the plaintiff was guilty of con- tributory negligence in having erected the stacks within a short, distance of the railway. MAZAWATTEE These CHOICE BLENDS re- all the delicious CHINA Teas of 30 years ago. PRICKS, U. l«d.i 2fc,2s. W., 2s. 1M., m>4 te. pv lh.

LOCAL RAILWAY TRAFFIC RETURNS eREAX WESTERN RAILWAY. W k: eudeè. Jan. 25, 1891. Description. Week ended (Corrected to Jan. i4, 1692, rue actual figures). Inc. Dec. M. C. M. C. M. C. No. of Miles cpen.. 2.481 2 2,481 2 £ £ £ £ Passengers, parcels, > fi9 goJ 59 79o HO Ace., and mails f Merchandise, live { 91,600 91,G9!) 3,090 stock, & minerals f Total for the Week. 151,508 154,486 2,930 Amount for pre- ) vioiis 3 Weeks of 425,770 431,530 5,760 half-year ) Aggregate for 4 i 577,270 586,010 8,740 J. D. HIGQIHB, Secretary. LONDON & NORTH WESTERN RAILWAY. „. Week ending Corresponding r D Description. Jan .,4> 1891> Week in 1890. 1 No. of Miles open. 1,8&9 £ 1.S¡¿t 13; £ £ £ £ Passengers, parcels,) 66 933 67,145 865 &c., and mails S Merchandise, Min- > 130,773 137,542 .734 erals, & Live stock Total for the Week. 197,058 204,687 i-:61 Aggregate for 3 week 577,011 599,558 22,517 T. HOUGKWON, Secretary. EHONDDA AND SWANSEA BAY RAILWAY. Week ending Corresponding T Description. Jan. 24, 13j1. Week in 1S9«. "ec No. of Miles open 15 15 i: Passengers fLocal) 118 vH Goods & Minerals S12 333 Total for Week 470 480 10 Aggregate for 4 Weeks 1,844 1,S11 33 TAFF VALE RAILWAY. Week ended Weekended Jaa. 23,'92 Jan. 24,'91. Inc. Dec. No. of miles open 113 113 Passengers, parcels, ) £ £ £ £ Horses, Arc., & Mails J 2,273 2,245 28 Merchandise, <Stc,, 1 l,i»9S 11,326 672 Total for the week. 14,271 13,571 70).. Amount for previous 3 weeks of year. 36,426 37,611 1,185 Aggregate for 4 weeks 50,097 51,182 43 3 BRECON & MERTHYR RAILWAY.—Miles Open, 61. Week ending Corresponding Description. Jan. 17,1892. weeK last year Incr. Deer. • (adjusted). t s d d jC d iC s d. Passengers, &c. 284 18 7 272 10 1 Grds, inin'r'ls&c 882 0 10 1241 9 11 Total ld6tt 19 5 1,514 0 0— 347 0 7 Per mile per week 19 2 7 24 16 5 I r0tWeeks 4 £ 4,7X0 7 1~ *'m 2 7 1,097 15 6

] EDUCATIONAL. Government School of Science and. Art, ALEXANDRA ROAD, SWANSEA. In eonnection witn the Scieife a,nd An Department, South Kensington. Chairman: THE MAYOR or SWANSEA. ART CLASSES: F. F. Hosropii, Art Master. Freehand Drawing. Anatomy, as applicable to Painting in Oil, Tempera, Art. and ater Colours, Objects Designing for Decorative of Still Life, kc. purposes, Modelling Or- TheFigure from the Antique naments, Figures, &c. TheFigure from the Antique naments, Figures, &c. and the Life. HOURS OF STUDY—DAY CLASSES: TrESDAYS AID FRIDAYS, Morning Class from 11 to 1. TRESI)AYS AND FRIDAYS, Afternoon" from 2 to 4. WEBKESDAY, „ „ from 2 to 4. BATURDAT, "froIR 2 to 4. EVENING CLASSES MRMBATS, WEDNESDAYS, and FRIDAYS, 7.1; to 9.15. FEES: All Fees are payable in Advance. XOEX;>"S CLASSES, Tuesdays and Fridays, 20s. per term of ten weeks 5s. Entrance Fee. AFTERNOON CLASSES, same Davs and Fees. WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON CLASS, intended for Male and Female Students from Private Schools, 1.56. per School term. SATURDAY AFTERNOON CLASS, for Teachers and Pupil Teachers of Elementary Schools. 5s. to all ethers, 10s. per Session. Open from September to Mav examination. U25] JAMES W. EOGEBS. Hon. Sec. MR ,ARTHUR HEY, F.C.O., L.R.A.M. (Organist and Cheir-master of St. James' Chnreh), PROFESSOR OF MUSIC, S. PAGE-STREET. SWANSEA. [813 11, Carlton Terrace, 11. Swansea Kindergarten. Froebel's Thoroughly Philosophic System," For Boys and Girls from Three to Seven Tears 141 Age. "Princ;pal"-FRAU AURELIE KORTH, late Principal of the Angrlo-German Bchoo!, ut XeWtwrt. ITS MOTTO IP'uck the shotting wee«s, and f Plant the vises in season. THE Symbolic Construction of KIN DEE-GARTEN envelopes the Purport of Planting Moral Principle?'' by All^g ry." The 11 Swansea Kindergarten" is conducted in both languages pure English and German." Tlius, in nccordauce with its origin and jifiture." also sub- stantial in its 11 Natire Srstem," the Swansea Kindergarten" differs entirely from the. Englisil Infant .School," contexted with the Germaa Word" Kindergarten." Terms and Eeferen^s on application. [2003 Girls' Boarding and Day School, ST. H E L E iN LODGE, BRYN-Y-MOE ROAD, SWANSEA. PRINCIPAL.—MISS GARLICK, A.C.P. Assisted by certificated resident & visiting Teachers. PUPILS PREPARED FOR ALL PUBLIC EXAMINATIONS. The Hoose is well situated, fire minutes wa'k from Beach and Parks. ACADEMY OF MUSIC, 34, WALTER-ROAD. MRS. EDWARD FRICKER AND MISS M. FRICKER, L.R A M-, r> K-'UME LESSONS en' MONDAY, JAJTCAEI li) lltb. Piano, Violin, Harp, Singing. [2006 Art Classes. UNDER THE DIRECTION OF Mrs. J. C. VYE-PARMINTEH, EXBTEE VILLAS, UPLANDS, SWANSEA. THESE CLASSES comprise Oil, Water-Colour and Pastel Fainting, Sketching from Nature, Drawing and Paintina from the T ife, Portraiture, Flowers. Fan and Screen Painting, kc. Special Classes in Drawing for junior pupils. Students may join at any time. Private Le!tsnllS W arrangement. Next Term commences on TUESDAY. JAN. 19. 117 Dancing, Calisthenics, Spanish Sf Physical Excrciscs Gedney House, St. Helen's-road. Miss CRAVEN'S CLASSES ARE HELD at her residence, and at The Gwyn Hall, Neath, Llanelly, Llandovery, and the Mumhles. Private lessons in the Valse, Minuet. Scotch Reels, &c. The Chorolistba, a new round, dance. Ening Tuition Class. The term dates from day jf entrance for Juvenile Olttssee. Classes will re-commence on SATURDAY, January 9th. [18 36, ERYN ROAD, SWANSEA. MISS KATIE CHUNE, certificated (Senior Honours) Royal Academy of Music and Triuity College, Loudon. RESUMES her Lessons and Classes on TUESDAY, JANUARY }9;h. Piano and Harmony. L2037 MISS BEESLEY WILL RESUME her CALISTHEXIC and DANCING CLASSES for CHILDREN on SATURDAY, JAM'ART 9th, at 2.30 and 5 o-c;ock, and her EVENING CLASS on WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 6th. 1892. at 7.45, at her residence, 198, St. Helen's-road, Swansea. Private Lessons given in the Y alse, Menoet, New Lancern, V»I«e, and Iolanthe, a new round "lInee introduced in London this Season. [1539 Girls' Boarding- and Day School. ESTABLISHED 15 oYEARS. CLAIRMONTE, GROVE-PLACE, SWANSEA. -PRINCIPALS -YL I S S E S HEPWORTH (SUCCESSORS TO MISS HAVAED). Assisted hy CerWictel Resident and Visiting Teachers. pTTPILS prepared for all Public Examinations. The 33] Belle Vue, Mount Pheasant, twansea- GIRLS' BOARDING and DAY SCHOOL. Principals-the MISSES PHILLIPS. Resident Foreign and English Governesses and Visiting Masters. Pupils prepared for Local Examinations. Belle Vue, in accommodation, situation, and recreation groundsi ,offers special advantages for healtbfu. study, cc mnfart, and pleasure. Terms and references on application to the Principals. r22 12, Castleton, Mumbles. DAY SCHOOL FOR GIRLS, & PREPARATORY SCHOOL FOR LITTLE BOYS. Conducted by the MISSES POTTS, (Daughters ef a Clergyman). Highest References. Terms on application. 201 Next Term commences THURSDAY. Jan. 14. Tanyrallt School, Pontardawe. BOYS BOARDING AND DAY SCHOOL. Head Master, MR. ASTLEY SAMUEL. Assisted by resident English and Foreign Masters. SPECIAL attention to commercial subjects and Shorthand. Preparation for professional examinations. Home comforts good diet healthy situation. Terms moderate and inclasive. Prospectus on application. Next Term, JANUARY 19th, 1892. [30 MISS COOPER (Medallist and Exhibitor Royal Academy of Arts), T"V7"ILL RESUME her L»ssons, class and V » private, on JANUARY 19th. AU branches of drawing and painting taught. Certificated teacher of the Drawing Society's system fer school. S.K. certificates. Addreag-13. Bryn-road. [2062 Porthcawl. ESPLANADE SCHOOL FOR GIRLS PORTHCAWL. PRINCIPALS—THE MISSES JONES. Assisted by the following Governesses and Masters:— English and French. Miss SMITH, with Junior Governesses assisting (certificated). Pianoforte and Zither, FRAULEIN HAFNIK (cer. con. Berlin). Drawing and Painting, Mr. T. J. PHILLIPS, Neath. Violin. Mr. LEATON. PUPILS prepared for examination. Good home for Boarders. Additional house to be opened after Christmas, affording greater accommodation. Spring term Jan. 19th, 1392. [1884 EPPS $S GRATEFUL AND COMFORTING. BREAKFAST) [ COOOA. I MADE SIMPLY WITH FOILING WAT EE OR 1 MILK. T57 Who are your Printers ? THE LOCAL FIRMS, OF COURSE! THEY are RATEPAYER-, and so help on our Town. Their interests aro tbe Town's interest. Local Industries must be an advantage to the place, an,1 should be encouraged +herefore, support the LOCAL PRINTERS. The Cambrian Newspaper Co. (Limited), PRINTERS AND STATIONERS, 58, Wiud-street, [ SWANSEA.

Our column!; are open to the intelligent discussiwi or all questions of an important public nature; but, 0 course, it is understood hllt we da not necessarily eaderse the vieivsof ow. Correspondents. All. letters to the Editor must be authenticated with the name and address of the writer, not necessarily far publica tion, but ns n yuitrrmtee. of good faith. tllp cannot insert letters which have appeared elsewhere; nor dc we undertake to return rejected manuscripts.

THE IMPROVEMENT OF NEATH LEADING LIGHTHOUSE. TO THE EDITOR OF "TUB CAMBRIAN." SIR,-In Mr. Gwyn Lewis's letter of the 22nd inst. appeared the following' sympathetic words It seems to me a pity that Mr. Hammond should display such a want of knowledge of the subject, and even go so far as to try and cast reflection on others." In reply to this, I challenge Mr. Lewis to show me another such a meagre Leading Light to a Harbour on the coast of England, Ireland, or Scotland, like this atrocious farce, the Lead- ing ight of Neath, in Wales? Whether of pitch-pine, red-pine, or of white- pine, it is still a wood pole, or a lantern on a post, and if it, did cost a little over 32s. 6d. I am only reminding the Harbour Authorities at I Neath end on that they grab the Port Charges of vessels, and in return forget their responsi- bility in the shape of providing a proper Leading Light with every essential means of saving life, as stated in my last letter. Now, sir, I am supposed, in Mr. Lewis's opinion, to lack knowledge on this subjet. He, on the other hand, is so self-opinionated as to say in his letter the following" The river entrance Lights to N.eath answer their purpose, and I fail to see why the Neath Commissioners should erect a place of refuge for crews, of wrecked vessels." To this I will say to Mr. Gwyn Lewis- "Man's inhumanity to man Makes countless thousands mourn." I remain, sir, yours truly, CHAS. HAMMOND. Swansea, January 25th, 1892.

THE PROPOSED NEW PARISH CHURCH FOR SWANSEA. TO THE E»ITOR OF THE CAMBRIAN." SIR,-I am rather surprised that I have not yet seen or heard any announcement that those two -reat antagonists, the Vicar of Swansea and Col. Morgan, have shaken hands and buried all differences in hearty acceptance of Mr. J. Clarke Richardson's timely suggestion. That sugges- tion was an excellent one, to my way of thinking. Unless the new church is to be built in a pit, or a kole, the floor of it will have to be raised above the level of the present church floor. This being done, i.e.-the floor of the new church being placed at such a height as to cover all the graves, the new structure might be made as large as desirable. All the graves would be preserved in situ, and their places might be sufficiently marked by laying their top slabs or bead- ptones in the floor of the new edifice. Surely the Vicar, who is a practical man. would not object to such a raising of the floor level! And, surely, Col. Morgan, who kas quite as much common sense as he has filial sentiment, would not oppose the building of a new church, how- ever large, on such conditions. A legal fight in the Consistory or any other Court is a luxury as unsatisfactory as it is costly and, therefore, I hope the little differ- ence which has cropped up between local churchmen will be settled amicably at home.— Yours- fait ii fully, PEACE AND PROGRESS. Swansea, January 26th, 1892.

DEATH OF GENERAL BENSON, C.B. It is with unfeigned regret we record, this week, the death of General Henry Roxby Benson, which took place at his residence, Fairy Hill, Gower, on Saturday morning. The gallant gentleman was brother of the late Mr. Starling Benson, the honoured Chairman of the Swansea Harbour Trust for many years, and Mayor of Swansea in 1843 and of Father Benson, the head of the Cowley Fathers, near Oxford. The family, in the earlier part of the century, became the possessors of the Tyrllandwr Estate, on the eastern side of the River Tawe. With the era of railways and docks, this estate proved a splendid purchase, and soom underwent marvellous development under the able management of Mr. Starling Benson. Being a gentleman of great prescience and tact, and impressed with the future importance and wants of this port, he made an offer to the Swansea Trustees of that day to make a cut or channel through the estate. Party spirit, unfortunately, was then rife in the Trust, and the offer was declined. Not long afterwards, the want of a channel through the Tyrllandwr property became an absolute necessity, and Parliamentary powers were obtained to secure the land. Failing to agree as to the value of the same, the matter went to arbitration at the Mackworth Arms, the late Mr. Justice Vaughan Williams appearing for the Benson family. The result was that a sum was awarded to them which amounted to more than the estate cost, not- withstanding their offer at one time to make the present New Cut themselves. Subse- quently, the Swansea Vale Railway, the great copper ore wharves of the Baths and the Richardsons, and the graving dock, and the North Dock were constructed, and enhanced the value of the land at Tyrllandwr enormously. On the death of Mr. Starling Benson, the deceased succeeded to the property, and after leaving the Army, General Benson made Fairy Hill his permanent residence, and lived until he attained the age of 73. Although the General led a retired life, he made himself very useful and respected in his neighbour- hood. As a county magistrate, he often sat on the Bench of the Gower Petty Sessions. He was a member of the Gower Board of Guardians, and as a country gentleman he took a deep interest in the welfare of the farmers of Gower, whilst he often presided at the agricultural gatherings of the Peninsula. He was a most genial and excellent neighbour, and by his death the poor will miss a most charitable and benevolent friend. He was a brave and gallant officer. Entering the Army in 1840, he reached the rank of Major in October, 1854. and as such commanded the 17th Lancers in the Crimea from January, 1855. Obtaining his Lieutenant-Colonelcy in September, 1856. in the three following years he served in the suppression of the Indian Mutiny, commanding the second cavalry column of the Mohw Division in various operations. He became Lieutenant-General in October, 1877, and in 1881 was placed on the retired list, being advanced to the rank of full General. From 1870 till 1884 he was Colonel of the 7th Hussars, and of the 17th Lancers from 1884. General Benson married, in 1845, Mary Henrietta, daughter of the Hon. Sir William Wightman, a Judge of the Queen's Bench, by whom he had issue several sons and daughters, one of the- sons being Mr. D. W. Benson, of the South Wales Circuit.

THE DANGER OF ATTENDING FUNERALS. WHY SOME SW\NsEA GENTLEMEN REFRAINED FROM WALKING IN THE PROCESSION. All over the country, where there has been a public funeral demonstration an the occasion of the burial of the Duke of Clarence and Avondale, very large numbers of persons have turned out, notwithstanding the inclemency of the season, and walked in procession. In Swansea, as we reported last week, the demonstration was a large and most loyal one but there were many persons who, like our esteemed Stipendiary Magistrate, Mr. J. C. Fowler, refrained from walking' in procession from the fear of cm tracting indisposition They, however, attended" at the Parish Church during the service. It is one of the privileges of the members of the medical profession that they have the opportuni- ties of seeing the various abuses incidental to our every day life, and of suggesting the W?'^ieS'T,Wl1uCb'J however' are n<>t generally heeded By the death of the Duke of ClarenoJ AT?ndale the pufelie mind has been <fm-r°U aroused to the danger which has "+t,arS7- Past been repeatedly pointed nnw1"™ Lancet. All the various suggestions T ch +e as keeping the head covered and shortening the service at the graveside so far from being original, as the various correspondents would app*tr to imply, were suggested years ago. A loci correspondent has forwarded to the Lancet details of the death of a leading Liverpool oitfcen, whose death was tie direct result of a •hill caught while standing bare- headed at a fuueral, and at his own funeral which followed but a fortnight after the attendant relatives and friendj were requested to remain covered. Now that attention is strongly drawn to this painfully important matter it may be profitable to supplement the pre- ceding with some further remarks. None should attend funerals in such weather as now prevails except those who are in robust heal tit; the aged, and those whose health is in any degree delicate' should be absolutely forbidden to do go. It is not only at the graveside that fatal chill,, are ac- quired. Cemetery chapels are proverbially chilly- place*, and it is to be feared that care is not taken to sufficiently warm thetu previously. This is all the more imperative, since in and iDclement weather the whole of the service (except what muft necessarily be Said at the grave), and particularly any address or panegyric on the deceased, should be said in the chapel. Some clergymen who wish strictly to obey the rubrics may object to saying in the chapel what is ordered to be said at the graveside. The Lancet points out, however, that there is one rubric which it is necessary to disregard—namely, the dipping of an infant into the water at baptism. In spite of the plainest words which a rubric can have, no child is 'dipped, however discreetly and warily," and the attendants are not even asked whether the child "may well endure it." Whether the rubric was ever obeyed is a question which has never been satisfactorily answered it is enough that no infant should be subjected to such a risk. By a parity of reasoning it may be urged that the attendants at funerals ought not to be exposed to a similar danger.

MAZAWATTEE These CHOICE BLENDS re- call the delicious CHINA Teas of 30 yeiars ago. PRICES, .s. 10d., 2s., 2s. 4d., 2s. 10d., and 4s. Der V THE UNDERPAID TOIL OF MEN AND WOMEN." —Preaching at Mount Pleasant Baptist Chapel on Sunday morning last, before a large congregation the pastor (Rev. James Owen) said it was wrong', terribly wrong, that great wealth should grow up alongside of abject poverty. It was wrong, terribly wrong, that great fortunes should be built up on the grinding, underpaid toil of men and women, as recent investigations bad proved. It was wrong terribly wrong, that every facility and opportunity for drinking should be supplied, leading men into temptation, spreading misery and ruin and increas- ing pauperism and crime. Seen at its root, sin was always selfish, and it was only as the love of God and the love of man was shed abroad in our hearts that it was possible to conquer this Upas tree to destroy the sorrow that had touched the heart of the nation in consequence wf the recent Royal bereavement. It not only showed that beneath the Princely robe and the peasants' only garb, there was the same human heart beating, "but that also as citizens of the commonwealth we sorrowed and rejoiced one with another, and while we had our political and religious views, we may well pray to be delivered from the selfishness that was blind to the needs, and death to the cries of others. America bad no rest while tha slave trade con- tinued, and the cancer was cut out by the sword. England should stretch forth her hand to assist the poor and the needy, and then she would prosper as she ought to. WEBBER AND SON FOR CLOCKS AND WATCHES. MAZA W ATTEE These CHOICE BLENDS re- jyjL call the delicious CHINA Teas of 3 > years ago. PRICES, Is. 10s., 2s., 2s. 4d., 2s. I0d., and 48. per lb. WAS IT FOOTBALL? On Monday an inquest was held by Mr. Edward Strick, at Sketty, on the body of Isaac Williams, aged 2], who died from lock jaw. It was at first thought that death was due to injuries sustained on the football field, and mncb capital was made out of this. At the inquest, it was found that the injuries to deceased's leg were sustained whilst at wqek. A verdict of accidental was found that the injuries to deceased's leg were sustained whilat at wcck. A verdict of accidental death was returned.

Max O'Rell declares that in conversation the American woman, and the American woman only, can make a man forget her sex, tnd lead him to treat her as his intellectual equal. The toadstools and mushrooms of the world have (as the Horticultural Times reminds us) been enumerated and catalogued by a scientist, and it is found that there are 4,60J species. Not more than 5 per cent. are definitively known to be edible, while from 30 to 100 are positively asserted to be very poiMnoni.

Isze-Kung asked, Is there one word which i-nt,v !frve fI a rule of prilctice fer aU oBe' life?" Confucius (509 B. c) r^plifd, "Is net reciprocity I such a vvor(i ? "-I-o,-d Ai)zbci-Ic ?i. Dr. Clifford s-avs & revolution is in sicht which threaten* to rearrange the whole industrial world. And if it threatens in toues ominous to seme people, they must remember that diamonds are not cut with soap, nor are great revolutions accom- plished with words smooth as butter. The Monmouthshire miners, a large proportion of whom belong to the National Federation of Great Britain, have resumed work under the employers terms, after a strike lasting three weeks. The following is the result of 'ballot takea by the London Society of Compositors on the proposnl thflt a strike should be ordered in all shops employing nor-societv hookhintlers :—For tbe proposal, 359 agmnst 6,065; naajority against the propositi to strike, 5,706. Twelve colliers out of three bandred who left work without notice at the Fitzwilliare Colliery, near Pontefract, were 811 Saturday fined Is. a day damages and costs fey the magistrates at Pontefrct. The case was a test one, and it is expected the other men will now return. In accordance with the decision of the Tyneside, and Sunderland Shipbuilders' Associatioa, 2.5 per cent. of the engineers received notice on Saturday to leave their employment in a week. It was the intention of the masters, unless the dispute at Jarrow was settled, to discharge the whole of their men at weekly intervals. This, however, was on Saturday prevented t y all the men handing in their notices to leave. A later telegram states that a meting ef the Fed-ration of trades took place at Newcastle on Saturday evenin, at which it was re- I solved that the engineers and plumbers' strike on I the Tyne should be settled by arbitration. The output of anthracite in the United States during 1S91, of which full returns are published, amount«d to 42,539.779 tons of 2,2401b., while the production of bitumiuous c*al, which is in part estimated, amounted to 98,000.000 tons. J The threatened lock-out in the Bristol boot and shoe trade is at last an accomplished fact. All the workpeople engaged in ranking goods were locked I' out with the rounders and finishers, who ceased work some days age. About 15,000 people are thus threwn out of employment, and the lock-out hScets I about 30,000. The interim report of the Rbymnev Iron Com- pany (Limited) announces a divideod for the half- year at the rate of 1 per cent. per annum. The course reluctantly adopted by the directors ten months ago of stopping their furnaces, Bessemer nlant, and rolling mills had been abundantly justified. THE UNEMPLOYED IN VIKSSA.- VIENNA, JA>\ J 24.—The labour question here is assuming a serieus aspect. It is stated that in this city at the present moment no fewer than 40,000 operatives and work- luen in various trades and industries are out of employment, and thole among them great distress prevails, many families being on the verge of star- vation. It was further asserted that so severe a winter as the present for the working classes in this capital has not been known during the past ten years. The directors of the Bristol and South Wales Railway Wagon Company (Limited) have decided to recommend the payment < f a dividend for the half-year ending December 31st last at the rate of 10 per cent. per annum, and a bonus of 2 percent. per annum, free of income-tax. NATIONAL FEDERATION OF MEAT TRADERS.— The National Fedeiation of Meat Traders at Liverpool on Tuesday protested against the increased rates for live stock by Irish railways, contending for equal rates charged over the United Kisgdom. Resolutions were also passed that the cruel delays in the transit of live stock by land and sea should receive the atteation of the Legislature, in favour of dishorning cattle as an antidote t. the beasts injuring themselves in transit, and the more human treatment of pigs, frequently burned by the fresh limewasb in railway trucks and steamers. It was said that cattle weie landed in better condition after a trans-Atlantic voyage than a journey by rail or a Channel voyage. A meetiDg of nailers on strike was held on Tuesday afternoon at Bromszrove. Mr. Harris (Manchester) said the message he had brought was for the strikers to be firm. The funds for their relief were ie- creasing, and he oould now guarantee them about E300 a week. He understood the nffjr of the masters of 10 per cent. advance on the 1890 li,t was to be withdrawn in a fortnight if not accepted, and, if so, he advised them to go in for 60 per cent. instead of 50. The strike had ziow arrived at a crisis, and if the men gave way now they would bring discredit on themselves and on those who bad assisted them.

— — AN AMERICAN PROFESSOR ON THE NEARNESS OF THE MILLENNIUM. THE CHANGE TO OCCUR BEFORE lSfJ9!. [BY A STUDENT OF PROPHECY.] Colenel Totten, Prcfessor of Tactics at the Yale University, has recently created great sensation in America by his articles on tbe nearness of the Millenniam. These are nor, it is said, the Incubra- tions of a visionary mind, but the logical deductions of a bard-headed mathematician. The Frofosser says-" I am a Christian, and am orthodox upon the Aposteiic basis. I have studied the Bible with searching scrutiny. Before the bar of whatever mathematical aud logical ability I have, I have weighed, measured a«d *umfeered mach of its historico-pvophetical chronology—and find it to be without possible fhw. It is a perfect and stupendous system, and its evolution cannot but have been supernatural. I have as yet made no prediction' as to the hour, day, or year, of the Savieur's approaching advent. I have simply stated that the whole system of Bible chronology unites in pronouncing it 'impending,' and that it f must occur before 1899}. I do not base this upon the reading of one parable or two, but all, and there is not a solitary time prophecy' concerned with the end of this halting, faithless dispensation, that does not hear me out. There can be but one accurate sequence of years; upon it the cycles of the heavenly bodies must fall into place without lapse or clashing, because it is from these very cycles that chronology is and must be evolved. It would be insulting to say that God spoke in approximations.' If God has spoken as to the times and seasons, He must have used accurate expressions, and have had accurate cycles in mind. I submit, further, that it is impossible to undrr- stand these tilings unless we put every recorded jot atid tittle into the equation. It was by doing this I was enabled to verify the fact of Joshua's long day, and the ten degrees,' or forty minute", added to the cycles in the time of Hezekiab. Now, it was just at this point, and by means of this very double day [which splits selar time (2555j years) from Adam to it; and lunar time (3437 years) from it to the date of this writing, making in all 5992 years, or eight short of 6000!] that I succeeded in getting on to the true system. I believe I am there with both heels" and I use the slang to fix the fact in modern ears.. • I am no prophet, sir I am simply a hard My forte, if anything, is that of an interpreter, thank God gladly for the light I have received, and that I can before the event warn such as have wisdom enough to■ eomein at ^nel Totten seven nearing thunders [tier. 1C_ calls attention to the words of D.sraeli in 1874 when he said, "The great crisis of the world is nearer than some suppose, and a s ro- fessor Goldwin Smith's testimony in the Forum that there is a general feeling abroad that the stream of history is drawing near a cataract now, and there are apparent grounds for the surmise. There is everywhere on the social frame an unto- ward rest which, as usual, is a sign of fundamental change within." Speaking of the coming changes, Professor Totten says: The irbn crown will be knocked off mortal brows and with an iron rod im- mortal hands will thenceforth direct such human affairs as shall survive the crisis. Whether they will or not, the nations will be ruled with a rod of iron, and the band that wields it will be omni- potent. His ministers of justice will insure to innocence the reign of peace. All who work shall have the pleasure of their toil, and each one take a rest beneath a vine that is his own. Toward such a land who would not crusade with the King, and count all human sacrifice a paltry thing, to see the crown upon his Saviour's brow? We shall then live upon a perfect earth. Man's occupation will begin in earnest, and more than ever will he be called to play his own part, in terrestrial affairs. But in place of discord we shall have true unity, equality and fraternity, in lieu of politic, real statesmanship, instead of Mammon merit." Query: In view of the increasing expectation of impending stupendous changes, perhaps if our Christa- delphian friends, who have been consistent advo- cates of the same thing, will turn out to be right ? Verb. sap. Verb. sap.

bW AXSEA EXCHANGE. There was a large ntAnner on 'Change on [Tuesday, and although there were few sales effected, and prieec were st.ill low. shewing very little change on last week's q'K-utions, yet ei quiries were life is most branches, and matters twore a mere bsoyant and lJüIJeful aspect than we have seu for some time. Those present were Sir J. Jones Jenkins, and Messrs. J. H. Rogers, Morewood and Co. J. R. Wright-and R. E-eck. Gowerton Joseph Maybery, Llanelly T. Freeman, Ciavten Works R. Maclaren, Llanelly; Geo. Smith. Cl.vue; G. H. i Shriek, Amman Iron Works W. R. Q'iick, do. H. Clement, B.aufort; D. Jenkinv Port Talbot; Edward Davies; Jo. J. Harrop, Grove's End A. H. Barrlett, Neath D. Richard. Pantyffynon W. H. EdlVard, D. E. Edward., Geo. Sims, Great Westers Railway; L. E. T, ickey and R. S. Lowe, do. D. Rosse-, Cilfrew T. W. Jones. Swansea Tin-plate Work; E. M. Arthur Cardiff. Heywood, do.; W. A. Sciivenir, do. W. Davis, E ;bw Vale Co. Starbock Williams, C. G. Biggs. Biiton Ferrv I. Bev*n, Llanelly D. Russell, Cwm Clydach E. F. Dmiel, C. and H. M. Peel. J. P. Jones, Newport J. Bangham. Barrow Co. McNeill, C. Watson and Co. George Rowe, W. Williams and Co. R. W. E^ans, Llanelly Thomas, do. Travers Wood, E. W. Hamptaa, Ii: M. Sampson, Pontardulais J. W. Jonen, N«wport; R. Martin, Birchgrove John Powell. L^ndoreCo. J. Patoii. Pontypool D. Thotnus. Nant Merthyr R. Hardy, T. H. Jones, E. H. Hedlev, Primrose Co. S. Lippinann, Allowat. Port Talbot T. Simro, Joseph Lewis. G. H. Blenkinsopp, Bertie Moiris, H. PerllglÍlle: Gianam>tiau W. Sims, do. J. H. Grave, C^vwaman Coal Co. D. Imrie, J. R. Wat,bon, 0. H. Thomas. Ne,.t.v- E. Ball, W.. Mas ets, J. Corfield, Ddlwyn and Co. A. P. SteeO-. C. B. Polyblanlr. John Dixon, Swansea Harbour; D. Jenkins, Tirydnl; R. H. *vue, MJd- laud Railway: W. Bright, Fairwo^d W. Bevan. E. Roberts, Giifiirh Thomas, Gto'ge Shaddick, Burgess aud Co. F. Sander. H. Chaik, T. Ford and Co.; D. Arnold, Clydach Thomas Gwynne. Briton Ferry; R. Cound, Hirwait) S. Stevens. E. P. Jones, J. H. Strick. Citdonuel Co.: G. C. Beckwith, W. Lean, J. T. Davies, J. C. Newbottld, W. E. Norbury, Manchester S. Williams, Pontardulais E. H. Parry. Joseph Thomas, W. Westlake, and Captain Jenkins. Several meetings were held in the morning in connection with the tin-plate trade, at which we uuderstaisd the election of chairman and other business was transacted. TtJe fail in Scotcn warrants was a matter of considerable discussion. It was the opinion, if the price of hematite pigs was borne down lower than it is at present, that a further blowin^-out of furnaces would be tlae inevitable result, as the present selling piiee is stated to he below any possible cost, and without any immediate means of reducing the cost of making. In this unsettled state of the market there have been no tiaosactions to report, and any buying will be deferrei for the present other than what may be necessary to keep going. STEEL.—The state of the steel trade temains practically unaltered, the only variation in the price of steel bars being the competition with the North of England makes, which are delivered to works near the sea. The price of Siemens' bars is affected by this competition, and several works are contemplating to stop, as the trade is uure- mnnerative. Ti-N-PLATE.;S.-As surmised in our last report. there is a greater demand coming from America for tin-plate to replace the plates wnich have bt-en for some time taken out of Acks held on other side, bat the competition amongst makers on this side is so keen as to prevent any improvement in price being obtained. Therefore tbe figures given are the full quotations of to-day for a fair specifica- tion, but it is stated that a lower price has been accepted for ordinary 20 x 14. A greater prevalence of odd sizes has been the inquiry of late, aud it would appear that a greater variety will be fouud in future specifications, both as regards weight and size. COAL. -There is no alteration in the state of the coal market, but manufacturing coals are more plentiful, and prices are consequently slightly lower. PI. IF.OTT.—Grlasgew warrants, 436. OJ. eash buyers. Market quiet. ML»DLK5Bae.—No. 3, 36s. T^d. to 3os. lOd. prompt. Other numbers in proportie*. Marker quiet. HEMATI r £ .—Warrants, 46s. Bjd. to 46s. 10; d. for mixedl numbers, b. Cumberland, according to Brand. WELSH BARS, £ 5 7s. 6d. t. 95 Its. CJ. Aagles, te., at usual extras, f.o.t. at works. SHEET IK#N.—Singles, £ 6 10s. te f7 10s. f.e.t. at works. 8TEXL RAILS—Heavy sections, C4 Os. Od. to £ i 5s. 0. light da., t.7, 7s. (5d. to ito lus. Od.. f.o.t. sleepers, angles, channels, Le., according to section and speeitioa- tie.. STIEL SHEETS.—Singles, £7 10s. t* ZS 10* with the ..suill extnip ;r the higher gauge*. BESSKUKK "rEEL.-fill-DiatC blooms, £4 5s. 0-i. to 24 7s. Gd. tin-plate bars. 14 1"6. 8U, to E4 let. SIEMENS' TI.N-1'LATK BAEE.—Best, £ 5 2s. 61. te M is. All delivered in the district; cash, less 2j per cent. TIN-PLATES.— Makers' ijuotatious for iron coke tins, per box I.C., 1'J.t. 6J. to ll's. 9d.; Bessemer steel coke, lis. Gd. to 125. 9d.; Siemens'(coke finish;, 13t, Od. to ;35. Rd.; ternes, per double box, 6i by C., ils. od. te 26s. Od. bsst charcoal, lis. Od. t. 14s. ;id. according to lluisl1 of brand, wasters, 4id. te Is. per bex less tbau primes. All delivered in Prince et Wales Dock, Swansea casD, less 3 and 1 per cent. The Swansea Harbour Trustees have furnished the following official return of tin-piates received, irout the works, shipped, and in stock 11 Week ending Last week. Corresponding Jan. 23, lsyi. week last year. Boxes. Boxes. Bexes. Received 50,739 46.279 67,462 Shipped Zi5,72L 20,6 Si 63,334 In staek 142,-77 127,259 24\1,;J87 CoppLEt.-Ciiili bars, £;1,4 15s. te £ 45 2s. 6d. BLOCK TrN, ¡£:9 15s. te jE90 2s. Gd. SPELTEK.— £ 22 7s. td. te £ 21 10s. Per telejra* received OB 'Change. LEAH.—English, Lll Os. Od. to Lll 5s. 0.. Spanish, £10 17s. öd. to A;10 8s. d. ANTHBACITI COAL.—Best big vein, selected fer malting purposes, 15s. fd. to 15s. 6d.; best second, selected for malting purposes, liis. ud. te 17s. tid. ordinary larye, according to quality anii selection, 12s. to 12s. tid. Small ruboty culm, 5s. 0d. to 5s. !M. per ton. All delivered f.Q.U. Swansea, casli in 3J dys, less 4 per I cent. STEAM COALS.-Large, 12s. 9d. to 13s. Od. second quality, lis. Od. to ILs. bunkers, accorcling to quality, lis. 6d. te 12s. ed.; small, 6s. ud. te 6s. öd. per too, delivered f.o.b. Swansea. casU a days, less 2j per cent. BITUMINOUS COALS.—Large (JTo. 3 hbondda), 12s. Gel. to 13s. Od. thro' coals, 10s. Od. to lis. Ud. small, 7s. 6d. te Ss. 61. per ton, delivered f.o.b. bwaasea; cash 3e days, less 2i per cent. COKE.—Best foundry, 19s. OJ. te 28s. Od. furnace, 15s. Od. to 15s. «d. per ton, f.e.b. Swansea, cash 30 da Ii, less 2J per cent. PATENT FUEL, 12s. 6!. to 12s. Od. Inex ORES.—12s. tiJ. te 12s. 3d. per ten. ex-ship; casli 3v days, with an additional charge ef lb. 6d. per tea for selected large. PLTWOOD,-17s. 6d. per ton inte trucke, nett eash, 30 days.