The Cambrian

THE TICHBORNE TRIAL. FRIDAY. John Woolnough, who said on Thursday he knew Arthur Orton at Reedy Creek, near Kilmore, Australia, between September, 1859, and January, 1861, entered the box yesterday for cross-examination. Some time was occupied in ascertaining, by the aid of the witness, the exact position of Reedy Creek on some maps. The witness produced a paper which enabled him, he said, to search legally for quartz, for the purpose of fixing the date when he went to Reedy Creek. Mr. Justice Mellor—It is d -fed the 3id of November, 18.59, and remains in force for 12 months. Witness—I went to Reedy Creek three months be- fore I obtained that document. I left just after Christ- mas, 1869. I think it was the early part of that period that I first saw Arthur Orton at McManus's shop. I must, have been at Reedy Creek three or four months before I saw him. I certainly saw Arthur Orton twice a week in McManus's shop. Sir. and Mrs. McManus served in the shop, and so did Orton. The defendant, when I had an interview with him in Lon- don, did not seem to know the name of McManus. I rather think he said he knew Arthur Orton, but be did not lead me to suppose he knew him at Reedy Creek. Re-examined—Being shown the photograph of Arthur Orton, the witness said the only resemblance he saw in it to the defendant was in the mouth, and it was only a general resemblance. In reply to the jury the witness said he never heard of Arthur Orton being charged with horse stealing. The defendant did not say by what name he passed in Australia, nor that he went under any other name than his own. Never heard at Reedy Creek of any- one of the name of Castro. The next witness called was John Dyke, landlord of the Ingoldshy Arms. Birmingham, who went to Aus- tralia in 1859, and was engaged at several gold dig- gings until 1862, when he went to Wagga-Wagga. Afterwards he rented a billiard-room at the Australian Hotel, Wagga, from Mr. Fennell, the landlord. Hig- gins succeeded Fennell, and he also carried on a large business as a butcher. At the beginning of 1864 he recollected five or six men coming into the billiard- room, and one was addressed by the others as "Tom." Knew him afterwards as Castro, the general manager of Higgins's butchery business. He had a man named James Stephenson under him, who assisted in slaugh- tering and can ying carca-es to the shop, and cutting up the meat.9 Castio remaned with Higgins about two years. lie stemed to know much about horses. He was always very reserved in his manner. Knew him altogether about three years, and recollected his getting married. After he left Higgins he started a butcher shop ot his own close by. Recollected having been thrown from a horse and having his head tied up. While in Wagga-Wagga he (witness) knew a man named Orton. He came to Higgins's with cattle six or eight months after witness arrived in the town. He saw him before he s:tw Castro. Orton only came two or three times into the billiard-room. He was a tallish man, five feet ten inches in height, and muscu- lar. His hands were rather larger than usual, but pro- portionate to his s.zc. Castro was a man of thirteen or fouiteen stone. He was not a bit like Orton. Had seen Or on and Castro together three or four times. Oitoil's face was rough compared with Castro's. Orton had very prominent features, high cheek bones, and light brown hair—much lighter than Castro's. Orton was. bony—neither fat nur thin. He witness came to England in January, 1866. First saw the defendant about twelve months ago. While the last trial was proceeding he came up to London to communicate with Baxter, Rose, and Norton, and then went to the defendant's hotel. The witness proceeded We recog- nised each other The defendant said, Well, 4 Chips,' bow are you:" (Laughter.) I recognized him at once as Castro. Once I bought a horse from him in Aus- tralia. Orton followed cattle-driving, attended to horses, and anything of that sort. Mr. Hawkins applied for the postponement of the cross-examination until Monday. Although the Crown had received notice the witness would prove that the defendant was not Arthur Oiton, it was only this morn- ing that they received notice he would prove that he knew Arthur Orton in Australia. The Lord Chief Justice, in d once acceding to the application, said he had never yet heard a case opened by a counsel who had not felt it an essential part of his duty to tell the jury what evidence ba intended to bring forward. In this case, not a particle of this ,evidence had been mentioned. Mr. Hawkins was en- titled to every possible indulgence under the extraor- dinary circumstances. Let the witness come again on Monday morning. Dr. Kenealy said as the defendant had no money to ,p'.ty his expenses he could not undertake to produce the witness on Monday. The L )rd Chief Justice-You must. Mr. Justice Lush—If you do not bring him forward we must strike out the whole of his evidenca. Dr. Kenealy, in saying he could not bring him, ob- served that he meant no disrespect to their lordships, as it was a mere question of f s. d. Charles James, a greengrocer at Hornsey, said he went to Austialiain 1851, and followed the occupation of drover and butcher in that colony. At the latter .end of 1856 he met Arthur Orton at Friar's Creel:. He was a tall, raw-boned, hulking sort of a fellow- He was then along with a bushranger. The Lord Chief Justice—Bo you mean a highway- man ?—Yes. He had high cheek bones &nd light hair, and was very coarse in his language. He had very large hands end feet. In the same year, four or five months later, he met a man who was called Tom Castro. Orton was In with him. Had seen Castro two or three times before. The Lord Chief Justice—Was Castro also a bush- ranger ?—Yes, I considered him as bad as the rest, as he was in their company. Saw them many times afterwards together in dif- ferent places up to 1858. They were riding together; he meant following the occupation of bushrangers. Orton was marked with small-pox, and he had the mark of a cut on his left cheek. His ears were pierced, and he used to put the stems of leaves through them for amusement. The Crown having had no notice of this witness, his cross-examination was deferred, both he and Dyke being bound over to appear. Sarah Smart, who knew Arthur Orton very well as a lad, said defendant was nothing like him. James Marshall, a shoemaker of Wapping, gave similar evidence. Orton had very large feet. Henry Pounceby, a stationer, and headborough of St. George's-in-the-East in 1851, knew Arthur Orton very well, and gave the usual description of his face, large hands and feet. Defendant bore not the slightest resemblance to him. Henry Palmer, a clothier, gave similar evidence. The court then rose. MONDAY. IIAt the sitting of the court tc-day, John Dyke, the landlord of the Ingoldshy Arms, Birmingham, was cross-examined by Mr. Hawkins. He said be had kept that public-house for eighteen months Before he had kept the Rose and Crown beerhouse, in the same town, for twelve months. Previously he kept a grocers shop at Pudspy, near Leeds. In that business he failed for about £300. Did not know what his creditors got, but bad heard they received 10s. in the pound. Be- fore then he had come from Australia. Having given the names of some of the places at which he pursued bis trade of a carpenter and joiner, or the calling of a gold digger in Australia, be said, as he kept no memo- randa, be could not give the names of all the places or the dates when he was at them. Before he went to Wagga-Wagga he had met Arthur Orton at Forbes's, on the Lachlan, in 1860 or 1801. He could not say in which year he saw him, nor whether it was in the sum- mer or autumn. He saw him when he went, he thought about October or November. He was a tall, rough man, with long hair, and seemed to have been buffetted about a good deal. He only wore a beard on his chin. He was a little splay-footed, and threw his feet out. He knew him on the Lachlan about two months. He was no friend of his. Orton had a man wi'th him named Taylor, a native of Australia. He did not know whether he (witness) or Orton left the Lichlan first. Orton was employed m shepherding horses for diggers—that was, taking care of' theni. Next saw Orton at Wagga-Wagga, after he had been there eight or nine months, and spoke to him. Knew his name was Arthur Orton because he gave him an I O U signed Arthur Orton for £ 3. On tho Lachlan he knew him as A. Orton" only. Orton paid him the money about twelve months afterward". He (witness) finaliy left Wagga-Wagga at the latter end of Novem- ber, 1835, so as to get to Melbourne by the beginning of the year to take boat for England. He only kept a small pencil book when he rented the billiard-room at the Australian hotel at Wagga-Wagga. He hal not preserved it, or a single book, or scrap of paper which he had in Australia. To the Lord Chief Justice—The IO U was partly for money owed for playing at billiards and money 16 Cross-examination contii ujd-Only heard Orton called by that surname on the Lachlan Shown two calien uy _itnef!g said he could not state positively le, were in the handwriting of the Orton he whether they were in w C(llllcf not 8tate posi. knew. one fc)|at he (wjtneS(.) *«r the at Wagea- W™ a week or two after Higgins came, and knew hT™8?. Thorn,: C..tTo, H» r»,'geJ,Hig„8,°htJt h" business. Before then he hid not seen him t knowledge. Should not like to swear a ou if he were not positive. He bad always Mr. Hawking-rou need not boast about that at present, i r Cross-( xamination continued-Saw the defendant t very day attending to the business. Had seen him slaughtering and (u ting up and d es-ing meat. It did not require much skill for cutting up meat in Aus- tralia, as it was generally sold in large quantities. Had teen joints hanging up in the shop, and thought they were tolerably well cut up. The defendant said he had bsep shipwrecked. He thought the defendant wa? & Spaniard from Chili, as he had been so informed. He never asked the defendant where he came from, or anything about his adventures. He presented then much the same appearance as he did now, except that he was much thinner. He had changed in his manner of speaking; he had improved, and now used more refined language. The Lord Chief Justice—Formerly be conversed like a working man now more like a gentleman. Cross-examination continued—List saw the de- fendant on the day he left Wagga-Wagga, in Novem- ber, 1865. He voice was very little changed. It wa- not milder. He bad changed a good do il in bulk. The 'a we defendant at Wagga-Wagga weighed only about four- teen stone. He wore very much the same beard he did now. Constantly saw the defendant, and was con- stantly in the shop. Had seen Castro and Orton to- gether, but could not say he ever heard them address each other or entpr into conversation. In reply to further questions, the witness said, the Birmingham invitation committee,' which invited the defendant to Birmingham, met at his house, and that he attended a meeting held at the Town-hall when tho defendant was present. He addressed the meeting, bnt he denied having said that the defendant had never been a butcher at Wagga-Wagga, because he never was any- thing else there. Never saw Roger Tichborne. Did not recollect assuring the meeting that the defendant was Roger Charles Doughty lichborne, nor saying that he had the pleasure of meeting an old Australian friend, Sir Rnger richborne. A subscription was opened at his house in favour of the defendant. The Lord Chief Justice—Arthur Orton Was never a regular resident at Wagga-Wagga. To Mr. Justice Mellor-Saw Orton and the defend- ant together in the billiard-room three or four times and on other occacions in Higgins's yard. Dr. Kenealy asked the court to reconsider their de- termination not to pay the expenses of this witness and Woolnough. The Lord Chief Justice, in saying they could not, observed they bad made'it an expross condition that notice should ba given of the witnesses. Charles James, another witness, whose croRs-exami- nation was also postponed on Friday, was then called. In answer to air. Serjeant Parry, he said he had car- ried on a greengrocer's business in the Honey-road for eighteen months. He went to Australia in 1851 and returned at the latter end of 1861. The witness then explained that he made a mistake in saying < n Friday tht he first met Arthur Ortcn and Castro together at F.ia 's Creek in 1856, and again in saying it was in 1854 It, was in 1858 that lIe first met them at Friar's Creek he had no doubt about that. Since Friday he had had no communication with any one on this sub. ject but found out his mistake by looking at some tickets for meat which he had kept by him. No one h d told him that he had t. Id a pack of lie.. on Friday. He had spoken to D, ke, butn -t on this matter. Dyke did not say he made a fool ot himself in court When he first saw the men together they were on horseback. He saw them again in 18.)8 at Castlemaine. He next saw them at Bendigo. In the early part of 1850 he saw .hem last at Mount Gambia. They appeared not to do much else but oushranging iu other words th-v were highwaymen. He meant to say that the defend- ant, whom he knew by the name of Tom ( 'astro went about Aa>tralii with bushrangers from 18a8 to 1859.. The witness then gave the nimes pf several other bushrangers, aud said he was net aware t"rIat any of them had been convicted. William Phillips, s-iid he kept the N«rwav hotel at Truro. He lef- England for M. lbonie i"^853 and stayed in >he colony about five y.ars/ H- went "o the Bendigo dil,gins, and there became acquainted with Arthur Orton. He was a man about öft. loin in height-a large-limbed man. He thought he had brown hair, and not very much whisker ° It was at Bak Creek, Bendigo, that he met Oiton He ,left Hack Creek and went three or feur miles away. Whilst there witness had a horse stolen. He went to Castlemaine to see if he could find his hoise and whilst standing in a sale-yard there he saw Orten. enter the yard riding his horse. Orton was the sS man he had known at Bendigo. He gave Orton in charge, a d he went before a magistrate, who com- mitted him for trial. He than gave the name of Scott. He was kept in p; isun two or three months until the trial came on. Witness appeared at 'he se.sioato prosecute him, and his defence was that he had bought the horse at a place called Hurcourt. He was there- fore, acquitted. He never saw him afterwards. The defendant was not the same person he knew as A.rthur Orton. Witness was broughttp by the Crown to give evidence, and he then stated that defendant was not Orton. He saw no resemblance between the two. The witness was cross-examined at some length, but his evidence was not in an-y way shaken. William Sibscy said he lived at Netley Lodge farm, at Netley, in Hampshire, and Was a farmer and con- tiactor. From 1848 to 1856 he was employed as farmer to Messrs. Myers, of York-road, Lambeth. In the course of his business he had to go to Wapping, and was stationed there six months. He remembered Arthur Orton, who was a large, bony, stout man, with big hands and feet. Orton was slightly marked with the small pox, and he wore wires in his ears. Defend- ant was not at all Lke Arthur Orion. He had spoken to Orton scores of times, and -his voice was not at all like defendant's. Witness was cross-examined, but he adhered to his statement. The court then adjourned. TUESDAY. At the sitting of the court this morning, Dr. Kenealy applied to be allowed to put some additional questions to Wiiliam Bailey, the innkeeper near Alresford, who was examined yesterday, stating that he examined him from the report in the Daily Telegraph, and not having his proof of the witness's evidence he had omitted to ask the questions. The Lord Chief Justice said as the witness had been examined and cross-examined, if they acceded to the application it would be an inconvenient precedent. It would give the witness opportunity of saying something which was not mentioned before. Dr. Kenealy observed that it was entirely his fault, as his brief had been left at his chambers. The Lord Chief Justice asked if the sub jest on which he wished to put the questions was contained in his brief Dr. Kenealy replied that it was not. The Lord Chief Justice-In that case the questions may be put. We only wanted to be satisfied that it was not an afterthought. Wna Bailey was then recalled and examined by Dr. Kenealy. He said he knew Colonel George Greenwood, and remembered his making, with the assistance of Roger Tichborne, a cairn over the dead horse. Roger's shirt sleeves were tucked up as he was wheeling the stones in a barrow. He saw no tattoo marks on his arm Cross-examined by Mr. Hawkins—Believed L men- tioned the making of the cairn when he wa« A + the l»„t trial, but woul'l not be podu'V7nd^™ld nS pledge his oath on the subject. Believed it was mpnHnnpd in his brief. Was sure he sawit in the brSf"wWoh Mr. Onslow wrote for him since the last trial That was about two months ago. Thought it was not after Colonel Greenwood was called in this trial. Did not know when he was examined. Could not recollect reading hia pvi dence, and could not .swear that the brief was written after he was examined. Was examined at the lasl trial after Dr. Lipscomb, who said he did not see R O T on Roger's arm. Last night, after he left the\ J i' r^t'ootSS*9 °Ugh' to b- "tea about Mr. Hawkins—He did not say a syllable ahonf The Witness—I mentioned Colonel George r™ i and I believe I spoke about his working at!he cafrnTith liogcr# The Lord Chief Justice, having looked nt +i,Q -j said the witness did not say anything ahonf +i7 evidence, Mr. Hawkins-Will you swear you ever 2lmattf;, cairn until two months ago ?—I will swear ? it, but I believe I mentioned it to tnanv r,»r!! g about Mr. Justice Mellor—How came Mr. On«l °n\ down your evidence?—He asked me what r i" the case, and wrote what I told him. knew about Thomas Parker, a farmer and corn dealer near Alton Hants, who was also examined at the l.f f -U1ear Alton, called. He knew Koger Tichborne from^>1, i' 2Ias next of 1848 to 1859. Roger used to come,l er, part back to his house in company with a tenant named John God well, but merely to pass the time awnw ? he (witness) was a tenant of Lord Rr.,l7' e time Roger in the hunting-field and at Tichhnrr?J'r> A Roger a horse for £ 50, and shortly afterwnrl • So, cheque for the amount from Gosford H ,re,ce.'ved a possession the letter enclosing the chenno /ri1 ln his December 26, 1848.) When Roger camp\ i Wias dated sometimes had lunch. Came to his house he Look at this gentleman. Who was he Ti • r. Tichborne. I saw him first after his reti'im • Alresford. I did not know the defendant f minute, but after he spoke I was convinced HP ASt same person I knew before. The defendant w iiT^ Ins uncle Sir Henry, a little in-kneed ? walked like defendant about the horse I bought from him ito he recollected the circumstance, and that sal1 the transaction he was riding his uncle's nonv i "l"6 called Louisa. That was correct. AfteS/ r "T enquiry about the name of the ponv ma^e gi ven the right name. The daffi"?^ °Un1 he had the time they were riding through the coverts at Oh^ at That was quite right. He als > spoke of his Unr £ £ n £ °n; living at Cinllon and Bishops Sutton—iobert statements. Since 1867 the defendant has call/l correc1t times at my house. I have not the slightest doubt that the defendant is Roger Tichborne. ° 8t doubt that Cross-examined—Substantially gave thp -j at the last trial, but did not mention the cov^rh T6 uncle living at the two places lie had named vl °r questions were asked on those subjects in' I made in 1807 witness said he knew Koger from ?Suo tn 1853 but he was very ill in bed at the tirae A-A <■ read it through, but the dates were correct mlf vi meant between those dates. First saw the & > the yard at the Swan, Alresford, in September 1867 as hp was coming in from shooting. Had ? visited at Alresford at Christmas, 1886. Mie'ht h vp !i September, 1807 to peopj, that he Su^'knw the defendant because he once bought a horse from hiC but he never mentioned that the defendant was ri W h s uncle's pony. Did not know the name of the ponv until in made enquiry Did not know that it was called the Black Prince. A butcher named Hasted was with him when lie first saw the defendant, and have men- tioned the subject of the horse to him. When the de fendant came up to him and they had shaken hands he said, Do you remember, Sir Roger, your buying a horse rom ine?" and he replied, Oh yes, very well a dark- brown horse, and I was riding my uncle's pony at the time." That convinced him at once, without anything I further, that he was the man. No one could have known that but Roger. But supposing he had been told it ? Ah, that is another matter—(laughter)—but no one could know it but Roger, He spoke different from what he used to do, and his face was altered. Recognised him also by his voice. It was different from the voice of most Hampshire people. He did not speak so much like a foreigner as he did in 1848, but the voice was the same. He spoke better English. Roger was slim before he left England, and witness should not have thought he would have grown so stout. He asked Lillywhite, who had formerly been a servant at Tichborne, the name of the pony, to satisfy himself the defendant was right. Did not know Lillywhite used to have charge of the pony. He was a shepherd in the em- ploy of Mr. Stubbs, the gentleman who had been shoot- ing with the defendant at Alresford, and came in with him when he saw him first in the Swan yard. To Mr. Justice Alellor-Tlie defendant's voice is not husky, nor altogether clear—it is like most other people's. (Laughter.) Charles Guy, who had been a labourer for twenty years on the Tichborne estates, said he knew Roger after 1850. He saw him often, and sometimes g-oing to fish. Saw him several times with his arms bare grubbing -up the roots of an old oak tree, and used to think he would never doit. Never noticed any tattoo or other marks on his arms. Had seen him walking many times with Miss Doughty in the park, coach-road, and in the by-walks. He meant the private walks between the shrubs. He (witness) cleaned the walks of the coach-road. The by- walks were between the shrubs. At times others were with them. but not always. Had a perfect recollection of Roger Tichborne. The defendant was the gentleman whom they used to call Roger. He first met him in Alresford, when he said, "Good morning, Guy, and he at once recognised him as Roger. Cross-examined—Never had any conversation with Roger, except to pass the time of day. Was certain he had no mark on his arm. Witness bad several brothers, but he could not say whether William, whose arms he must have seen bare, had a tattoo mark or not. Did not think he had. Incidentally, in answering a question of the Lord Chief Justice, the witness said that on the last day Roger was at Tichborne, before he went away in a fly, he saw him and Miss Doughty together in the garden, kissing, and crying, and wiping each other's tears with a white pocket- handkerchief. In reply to other questions from his Lordship, he said he could not recollect the time of year when this incident occurred, but thought it was three or four months before Sir Edward Doughty died. The Lord Chief Justice having stated that Sir Edward died in March, 1853, asked the witness if he really meant to say that Roger was staying at Tichborne at the time he mentioned, and that he saw the occurrence in question, and also saw him take his final departure ? The witness replied that lie meant to say it positively. To Mr. Justice Mellor—I mentioned this incident to Mr. Wright when he took down my evidence two months ago, but I had before talked of it scores of times. The Lord Chief Justice remarked on the extraordinary circumstances of this important incident, although taken down in wriiing, not having been brought out in the ex- animation in chief, but being volunteered by the witness. Dr.Kenealy-.Mr. Wright is no agent of ours. or, Mr. Hawkins said he was clerk to Mr. Adams, solicitor, at Alresford, and was included in the list of the de- fendant's witnesses. Caroline Skakes, whose husband kept the Golden Fleece public-house at Petersfrehl, and who formerly lived in the neighbourhood of Tichborne, said she saw Roger Tich- borne and Miss Doughty walking together and alone near the lover's seat, which was between two trees, overlooking Tichborne Downs, and about a half or three-quarters of amilefromTichbcrne House. It was near a footpith and was placed for viewing the races. Also saw them walking alone in Crawl's field, and again near a stile by Bransworth Road. She acted occasionally as servant at the house of the Rev. Mr. Tilt, the Roman Catholic priest at Tichberne, and several times saw Roger and Miss Doughty there. The defendant was Roger Tich- borne. Cross-examined—The lover's seat was by an open road, and Bransworih Road led out of Tichborne Park. When she saw Roger and Miss Doughty together it was in sum- mer, but in what year, or whether it was after Roger left Stonyhurst or not, she could not say. She knew the defendant was Roger, not only because she recognised him, but because when she spoke of these walks he re- collected them. Albert Ernest Pages, who went to Australia at the end of 185*2, said that when lie was acting as drover he met Arthur Orton, in 1858, at Denniliquin. He was a tall, large-framed man, clumsy, and with large bones. He was slop made—that was disjointed—and had large hands and feet. His upper lip protruded, and he had a fair complexion. He was driving a team of bullocks, which were drawing an empty drag. Saw him again in the Campasoie River, near Mount Alexander, in the same year. Went to Wagga-Wagga in 1859, and saw a man named Castro, who was butchering, he believed, for him- self. Left him once a laree sheLp. Saw him there half- a-dozen times. The defendant was the same person. He knew him as Castro, not as Orton. There was no re- semblance between the hf.nds and feet of the two men. He might have spoken to Orton once or twice, to Castro half-a-dozen times. The Lord Chief Justioc-Is it worth while cross-ex- amining this witness ? He fixes the year 1859 as when he saw Castro at Wagga-Wagga, and the defendant him- self -stated he did not go there until 1862. Henry Welsh-I am a. bricklayer, residing at Cheriton. I knew Roger Charles TSchborne from 1846 to 1855-up to the time he left Tichborne. I did not hear of his leaving England. I was employed many years on the Tichborne estate. I saw him once on the chapel roof when I was repairing it. I can't give the date. He chopped the lead gutter with my hammer. I met the defendant at Alresford after his return. I asked him if he remembered using my hammer. He said, Yes, he chopped lead with it to make bullets." His hair was I dark brown. He twitched hie eyebrows. He was a mis- chievous young rascal. (Laughter.) He was fond of a game, and sometimes had a freak with the workmen. I have heard the defendant speak once since his return to England. I have no doubt he.is Roger Charles Tichborne. Cross-examined by Mr. Sergeant Parry-I saw the de- fendant at the Swan, at Alresford. I have forgotten who was with him. My statement was taken down afterwards by Mr. Adams. I was at the former trial, but I was not examined, I asked him if he remembered taking my hammer up on the chapel roof that was all I said. He replied, Yes to make bullets with the lead." I might have talked of it to others, and mentioned the details. I don't remember when I first saw the defendant after his return. Mr. Justice Lush-He said just now that it was five years ago. Witness-I don't remember when I heard he had re- turned that I spoke of the incident of the lead gutter to anyone. He did not exactly speak good English." The Lord Chief Justice—Did he speak good honest Hampshire, like the rest of you ? (Laughter.) Witness—Not quite. He spoke as good English as I do. (Laughter.) He had a little French accent about him, but f could not understand what be said. It might have been German for aught I knew. By Mr. Serjeant Parry—Roger was rather slim. Witness—But he had a lot of loose skim (Laughter.) By the Lord Chief Justice-I don't believe I mentioned to any one about the chapel gutter. I was on the roof alone at the time. The Court adjourned.

SERIOUS ACCIDENT TO A TIGHT-ROPE WALKER.—On Saturday, an exciting scene occurred in the Grand Con- cert Hall, Birmingham. Amongst the company engaged there is Madame Laura, one of whose feats is to discharge a. six-barrelled revolver whilst standing on a lofty wire. Madame Laura Had arrived at the middle of the rope on Saturday night, and discharged four of the barrels when the revolver burst, portions of the weapon finding a lodgment in her face and breast. Notwithstanding her injuries and the acute pain she was suffering Madame Laura never lost her presence of mind, but amid the breathless interest of the spectators she bravely walked to the end of the wire and back again, that being her only method of descending. On reaching the ground she fainted, but is now in a fair way of recovery. THE SALMON SEASON.-The salmon season closed Satur- day, and it is unlawful to take this fish, except with rod and line, until the 1st of February next. Anglers can fish until November 1, but no salmon can be sold after the 3d inst. in England and Wales, except foreign fish, This has been a very prolific year, and reports from the two most celebrated English rivers-the Severn and the larye-are cheering, The season began well, and the price was lower than for some years. The fish were re- markable in the Severn for their large size, a great many having been taken of from 201b. to 301b. weight, while several larger fish were captured in the estuary up to 501b each The season has also been remarkable for the paucity of grilse, or salmon of the first year. The last week of the season ended well for the middle country- men on the Severn, and the nets at Tewkesbury, Upton, and Worcester last week took more fish than had been taken in any previous week. Severn and Wye fish sold two or three weeks ago at 8d. to Is. per lb. CANON GIRDLESTONE ON THE AGRICULTURAL LA- BOURERS' UNIoy,-Canon Girdlestone contributes a short paper to Mac miliaria on the National Agricultural Labourers' Union. The essay takes the form, first, of a plea in .justification of the Union and its promoters, and secondly of a sermon inculcating the principles upon which the Union ought to act. Although Mr. Girdlestone is anxious to avow his pride in the part he has taken in the movement, he does not attempt to conceal the serious dangers to be apprehended from political agitators—" persons who care more for the political bearing of the movement than for the real improvement of the condition of the labourer." The reverend gentleman stigmatises the projects of these people as mad schemes. He thinks good wholesome work for the Union" consists "first in bringing pressure upon Parliament in the next general election to exact such reforms" as those indicated by him. His proposals include the enfranchising of the agricultural labourer, the reforming of the liquor traffic, a remodelling of the ina°isterial system, and an amendment of the Master and Servants as well as of the Criminal Law Amend- ment Acts. He says, by regulating the liquor traffic, not 011 the principle of contributing as much as possible to the revenue, but of providing necessary refreshment," the abuses of the public-house would vanish. Of the county inagistratee, he says, There is no need to abolish them, but only to give them a responsible guide and leader," by appointing barristers of high standing as stipendiary magistrates to preside at every court of petty session." Coal has been successfully cut by machinery at Pelsall. The Birmingham News believes this to be the first success- ful application of machinery to coal-cutting in fecalford- shire.

THE INCOME TAX. The popular demand for a repeal of the income tax has drawn from Mr. Leoni Levi a letter in the Daily Telegraph, in which he says:— The alternatives seem now reduced either to main- taining the tax as it is, or to cutting down such portions of it, at least, as are manifestly incapable of improve- ment. For my part, I have no hesitation ill saying rn ity that the only portion of the tax. that should remain -is that levied on property. 'Property, whether consisting of land, houses, railways, canals, mines, or gasworks, is always tangible, and incapable of evasion. III levying Customs duties the State seizes the article before it reaches the consumer. In levying the Excise, the officers inspect every process of the manufacture. Again, it is no use attempting to levy a tax on an uncertain quantity—on profits which cannot be clearly ascer- tained or established. As it is, the most extensive frauds arising from the income tax take place in con- nection with the schedule D, where the amount as- sessed for gains from Any profession, trade, vocation, or occuption, rests on the simple declaration of the party. All the heart-burning—all the cry against the injustice of the tax, is really launched upon schedule D. The lower middle classes and the poor clerks suffer from it intensely. The injustice of the assessment is often in- tolerable, and the arbitrary surcharges Oil the cup of indignation to the very brim. Abolish this portion of the income tax, and the rest, with some modification, will excite but little opposition. What would be the loss P If we take as a basis the gross annual value of property and profits assessed to the income tax in the year ending 5th April, 1872, the following may be expected to be the gross revenue from this source for the current year:- Amount Rate in Probable Schedule. of the Amount of Property. Pound. Revenue. A. For all lands, tenements, here- ditaments £ 153,863,007 I D. Quarries mines, ironworks, f3d. £ 2,119,000 fisheries, canals, gasworks, I &c i?39,6r>7,876 B. In respect of the occupation rtr:r: of lands, &c ^59,196,176 j *-363,000 C. From profits arising from annuities, &c £ 38,646,360 I D. For all gains from any pro- fl)S7nflm fession or trade £ 163,147,491 [M- ^,o/u,wo E. For all public offices, annui- I ties, pensions, stipends, &c.. £ 27,772,836 J £5,!S57,000 Giving a net revenue, after the exemptions are removed and the cost of collection taken out, of little more than £3,000,000, about one-half of which is imposed abso- lutely on property, or on what has been called spon- taneous revenue, and the other half on profits, annuities, stipends, or in other words, on professional income uncertain and variable in its nature, and most precarious in its character. Abolish this latter portion at once, and modify the former by making proper al- lowance for insurance, repairs, &c., and you will save at least one-half of the amount from the general wreck. This, in my opinion, is the only practical mode of deal- ing with the question and it has the great advantage that wbilst the present loss to the revenue would not be too great, the tax itself, as a burden upon property, would remain capable of being enlarged or reduced as the Exchequer might require. It is not desirable, how- ever, that the remission so advocated should go to re- duce the proportion of direct taxation still more, and to lighten the burden of the wealthier classes, upon whom schedule D principally rests. If absolute re- duction of taxation was contemplated, a corresponding reduction of other duties now more especially bearing on the labouring classes would have to be made."

ECONOMICAL USE OF COAL FOR DOMESTIC PURROSES.— A sum of JE500 having been placed at the disposal of the C/Gllncil of the Society of Arts through Sir Wm. Bodkin, by a gentleman who does not wish his name to appear, for promoting by means of prizes or other- wise, economy in the use of coal for domestic purposes, the Council have decided to offer the following prizes -1. For a new and improved system of grate, suitable to existing chimneys as generally constructed, which shall, with the least amount or coal, answer best for warming and ventilating a room-the society's gold medal and £ 50. -2. For a new and improved system of grate, suitable to existing chimneys as generally constructed, which shall, with the least amount of coal, best answer for cooking food, combined with warming and ventilating the room—the society's gold medal and £ 50. 3. For the best new and improved system of apparatus which shall by means of gas most efficiently and economically warm and ventilate a room-the society's gold medal and £50. 4. For the best new and improved system of apparatus which shall by means of gas be best adapted for cooking, combined with warming and ventilating the room-the society's gold medal and 1.50. 5. For any new and improved system or arrangements not included in the foregoing, which efficiently and economically meet domestic re- quirements-the society's gold medal and £.50. The council reserve to themselves the right ef withholding all or any of the above prizes, as the judges ap- pointed by them may determine. TERRIBLE RAILWAY COLLISION IN AMEEICA.—A disas- trous collision occurred on the night of the 10th ult. between a heavy paseenger train from Chicago and a train of coal wagons on the Chicago and Alton Rail- road, between Wilovi and Lemont. Eight persons were killed and thirty-five badly injured. The train started from Wilow Station, according ito the best evidence, ten minutes behind time, undoubtedly the rate of speed was somewhat accelerated. The conductor and engineer knew they were to pass a coal train at Lemont, seven miles distant; but unhappily that train did not wait, as should have done, but came on towards the passenger train, expeeting to make Willow Station. It was a race for life. The conductor and engineer of the coal train knew that the passenger train, laden with pr-ecious lives, was in front, and if they did not reach a awitch by a certain time, a collision was in- evitable. Both trains were rushing towards their destruction as they flew over the ironway through the darkness, the speed increasing at every revolution of the wheels. The suspicion cf danger never crossed the minds of any of the passengers, when suddenly, without a warning, even a whistle, the two trains were locked in au embrace of death. There were three con- cussions-first, when the engines met and were de- stroyed seoondly, when the baggage car struck and was smashed into fragments and thirdly, when the smoking ear collided and leaped in the air, lighting en the fractured boiler of the engine. The remains of the passenger train engine were thrown off the track toward the east, and so were the ruins of the baggage car. Then came the smoking car on the top of the boiler. The fore part of this car was burst open by the force with which it struck the hind wheeL Remaining on the track, there it stood at an angle of thirty degrees, the passengers imprisoned in the broken iron and wood, while the deadly steam came up with terrific force from the boiler below, scalding those whom it touched, instantly peeling off the skin, and causing the most excruciating agony. One moment was almost sufficient to cause death, but many were there several minutes before being extricated. A WOMAN'S WRITE.—Some editor who has been vic- timised writes as follows t-11 We shall never engage another woman to report gentlemen's fashions, for this paper. We might have known she would igno- minionsly fail; but she said gentlemen reported ladies' fashions, and she couldn't see why a woman shouldn't write up the masculine modes. We couldn't see either, so we gave her a carte blanche to go ahead. And such a. fashions article! Here is a specimen of the stuff; A recherche spring overcoat for promenade has pretty ribbed stripes, with three ruffles on the tails, festened with tassels. A lovely dress coat has three buttons and pockets in the rear, box-pleated on the hips, three-ply guipure lace on the narrative, gored in a bunch, and cut bouffant. Vests button up in front, same as last year, and have pockets with imperial polonaise up the back, and oxidised buttons in double rows on the collar, with tab frontt. The skirt is cut tight to the knee, and open in the front or behind, as may be preferred, with perceal bosom, trimmed passementerie; four rows of Magenta braid around the skirt, with hood at back, bound with galloon to match. Much depends on the pontaloons. A gentleman's dress is very incomplete without trousers. These are of some subdued colour, as London smoke, and should harmonise with the-the-the neck fichu. They are cut bias in both legs, with deep frills to fall over the instep the waist is granished with a grand band of batiste, with ecru facings, and buttons to match the -But that is though. Anyone but a Sandwich Islander will see at a glance that these fashions are frightfully mixed. Who ever heard of trousers being cut bias in the legs, deep frills falling over the instep, with a broad band of batiste—whatever that may be —and ecru facing and things 1 Rather than wear pantaloons built in that way, we would go without, and encase our limbs in two sections of stove pipe. New York Daily Graphic. WILLS AND BEQUESTS. -The will, with one codicil, of the Right Hon. Richard, Lord Westbury, late of Lancas- ter-gate, Hyde-park, was proved on the 23d instant by his sons, the Hon. Slingsby Bethell and the Hon. Walter John Bethell, two of the residuary legatees, the personal estate being sworn under £300,000. The will of Miss Charlotte Hulse, formerly of Buckland Rectory, Reigate but late of 56, Eaton-square, was proved on the 23d instant by Sir Edward Hulse, Charles Hulse, and George Edward Eyre, the nephews, the executors, the personalty being sworn under £ 80,000. The will of Heineman Herz Rosenberg, late of 35, Clifton-gardens, Maida-hill was proved on the 5th instant under £ 20,000 by Mrs. Matilda Rosenberg, the relict, and Ferdinand Rosenberg, the brother, the executors. The will and six codicils of the Very Rev. Thomas Garnier, formerly Dean of Winchester, have been proved at the Winchester District Registry by the Rev. Charles Henry Pilkington and the Rev. Thos. Parry Garnier, two of the grandsons of the deceased, the surviving executors, the personalty being sworn under £ 50,000. The will, with one codicil, of Mr. John Osborne, of Hast-mg." Lodge, North Brixton, was proved on the 28th ultimo by the executors, Thomas James Osborne, Frederick Harman Mitchell, and James Berriman Tip- pets. The personalty was sworn under £25,000.

ROMANCE NIPPED IN THE BUD. CHARGE OF STEALING £ 3,000. At the Mansion House, on Saturday, Charlc-s May, 19, a respectable-looking lad, was brought u f)r re- examination, before Alderman Finnis, upon the charge of stealing vaiious securities of the value the property of his employers, Messrs. Phillips .nd Co., f'reign merchants and bankers, carrying on e asiness in Water Lane, Tower Street. The prisoner was first brought up last v urday week, when the case was merely formally 0' n, d, and it was stated that the prisoner had only bit married the day previous to his being taken int; .tody: borne very extraordinary facts havesincetra redin reference to the affdir. It appears that th. ".isoner had been courting a respectable young girl -AL,- IS only eighteen years old, and he had told her rienda were very rich, and that he should soon be posses- sion of £ 9 0JO. They used to go out to* -r, and make. httle excursions by railway, and n one occasion he pointed out a villa at Richmond -J.! rehe said bis father resided, and he particulariv ( d his sweetheart's attention to a room at the top of L nouse and which he s;.id was his b d room. A: 2ength various preparations was made for the irai and the prisoner made an engagement with t.c-'voung lady to take her to see his mother, and to duce her to her, and he at the same time said .h :ie had with a. great deal of difficulty induced his i' • to let him have E3,000 of his fortune, and the- ,.< u-riage should take place very shortly. On the day inted they got icto the train together, the young iy be- lieving that she was going to be introducer1 to the prisoner's mother, and she was surprised v. y much to find the prisoner, after the train had stalled, lock the door with a railway key that he took from his pocket, and after they had gone a short di J ee the prisoner told the young lady that it was not r .e that his father had given him £ 3,000., but the i^.t was that he had committed a forgery upon him. and had obtained the money by this means. He then i i that if she would not consent to marry him r., would poison himself, aId he produced a bottle 1!11 his pocket, which, he said, contained poison, an i ;here is reason to believe that this was the fact, as r. bottle containing poison was subsequently found. The young girl being alarmed, consented to be what the prisoner requested, particularly as the prison r told her that his father would be sure not to prosecute him, and all that would be necessary for him to du was to remain quiet for a short time, and then th matter would blow over. The prisoner had obtained a licence and last Thursday they were married at Isle- worth Church, the bride-groom giving the assumed name of Vernon. On the day after the mfirrn.ee the prisoner was taken into custody by Sergeant l-nder- wood, of the City police, upon the charge rob- bing his employers of the large sum of momy above mentioned. It consisted of a bank post "hill for f,1,000, which the prisoner abstracted tr. M his master's iron safe, and a large sum of IT.v'd,y in cheques, and other securities, which he was entrusted with to pay into the bank. Mr. tet. Juhn "SVontner conducted the pr-v_ uiion. Mr. G. Lewis wa:ched the case on behalt or "erson who w.;s r-presented to have cashed a f,500 bank of England note, part of the produce of the rot'y that was committed by the prisoner. Mr. Wontner briefly stated the facts of the c ise, of which the above is an outline and he adden t'nat be- fore the marriage took place the prisoner rui 1 the contents of one of the bottles over his facu, v-'he n had the effect of blackening his face, and whiie the prisoner and the young weman were together he pa.-sed him- self off as an Indian officer named George M Uregor, and he brought a large quantity of jewellery, vhich he handed over to his wife. He also purcna? d an Indian hat and shawl, and dressed himself i most elaborate manner, strutting about with silver s- uis on and endeavouring to make himself as much d e the character he had assumed as possible, and vered jewellery, a la Shah. Since he had been in cusr dyhe had written a letter to the prosecutors adnunrag his guilt, and expressing great contrition for what he had done. The total amount abstracted by the usoner was £ 3,700, but he returned a £1,000 note, ^nd the whole of the remainder appeared to have been expended, his wife, at the time of discovery, having jew-, iljry of the value of £ 1,500. on her person, and her apparel being of the most gorgeous description. N" n;oi e than E5 was was found in money upon the prisoner and his wife at the time he was taken into custody. Mr. Wontner said he was not prepared at present go on with the case, and he therefore asked for a remand. Some formal evidence was, therefore, given and the prisoner was remanded.

THE "ANTI-PLEDGERS." The Manchester Examiner says We have lately made a discovery which we feel bound in all good faith to communicate as speedily as possiblv to our readers. It relates to the existance of a politi cal as- sociation, the ramifications of which, so far a we can gather, are pretty widely extended in there northern districts, and which in some respects is ne of the most remarkable that we have ever know- It is composed exclusively of Liberals of the purest water, who differ from others ot the same name in believing that Liberalism is an all-embracing and all-unlcient creed, standing in about the same relation to oelitics as Christianity does to the other religious of the world; so that when a man is once proved to be a true Liberal we need not, in the interests of the nation, ask any- thing more about him, having every reason to feel sure that he will do all the good he can to the utmost extent he may find practicable. But while the members of this association are Liberals to a man, we cannot discover that they include any who may be considered as a leaders of the party. All members of Parliament, all who intend to become candidates all who figure as party orators, and even all agents and canvassers, are quietly excluded from their ranks. They have no organisation that can be readily re- cognised, no central office, no secretaries, no sub- scription lists, and not even a roll of membership. These things would be foreign to their halits, and they do not feel the need of them, the facts of member- ship being readily imparted to each other by certain quiet signs which all can understand. The most notable feature of the association is its name, which has the rare merit of setting forth at once the precise object for which it exists. It is called the Society of Antl-Pledgers, mealllng, by a sort of Irish bull, that 3-2 bound by a mutual pledge not to vote for any eand date who gives a pledge to anything which lies outside the four corners Liberalism. For their Dart they scout the idea of asking for any pledge on their own account. They will be content with ascertaining to their private satisfaction that a given candidate is an honest Liberal, in deed and character as v. ell as in name. As soon as they are satisfied on this head they are prepared to vote for him, but on one p,c; E-mptory condition—viz., that he gives no more to others than he gives to them, and when asked to pledge himself on a score of minor questions, will return a blank re- fusal all round."

THE STOMACH AND ITS DANGERS.—Let us gently re- mind West-enders that rich and highly stimulating foods and drinks, even perfectly pure from stomach- fever taint, are almost as dangerous as typh jidal or stomach-fever ferments, even when such rich stimu- lants are used in what may be regarded i,- quite a moderate degree. They must keep the poor stomach and bowels in a perpetual state of feverish ex itement from overwork, preparing the way but too w. 11 for the action of the subtle stomach-fever enteric or t-phoidal ferment, whether that comes sljlyin with a penny- worth of milk, a first-rate juicy rump steak, or a two- penny bloater. It is thus that the rich and Lbe poor react upon each other for evil, and thus that the pre- valance of typhoidal fever among the well-to do can but too readily be accounted for. The ideas that pre- vail among the upper classes as to what is absolutely and essentially requisite to support the organic frame through the awfully overworked and feveied stomach are really most surprising. A west-end ner.tleman lately excused a lady for having failed to conn- up to the expectations of her admirers, on a certain ccasion by saying, apologetically, that she was mewhat exhausted (and required a stimulant doubt.- ss), hay- ing fasted for three of four hours Ifstom hs could only hear and think, one can imagine the hee ror with which such an apology would be received an ongst the whole party of them !—Builder. CRUEL ASSAULT UPON A CHILD.-The man Moles, who on Tuesday committed a violent outrage upon l is son, a lad six years of age, by lifting him up and violt ,:Iy dash. ing his head on the pavement, afterwards kicking him when on the ground and striking him in the m< olth with his clenched fist, was on Saturday brought up e 1 lemand at the Brentford Police-court. The evidence gn en was to the effect that the child was still in a precaric us state, unable to bear removal consequently the ben. d again re- manded the prisoner. The chairman remarked hat this was one of the most horrible cases which had. er come before him. He had seen the child himself, and therefore knew his condition. The boy might die, and if ne did the prisoner would have to answer a more serious c .irge than that of mere assault. MUNIFICENT GIFT TO BIRMINGHAM. On Monday, at noon, the Cannon-hill Park a gift by Miss 1 viand to the town of Birmingham—was opened to the poVdc. By the wish of the donor, there was no opening • eremony. The park covers 60 acres of ground, and has ht "ll taste. fully laid out by Mr. Gibson, landscape gardene; London. Pools for boating and bathing have been provided. The deed of conveyance to the Corporation provide- that no intoxicating liquors shall be sold within the ark • th« boats shall not be used on Sundays, nor shall Y b' of music be played, nor athletic exercises org, ..t wddt mitted on that day the care of the park shall de mX; taken by the Corporation, who shall maintain a I nrovf £ a sufficient number of gardeners, servants an Miss Ryland has previously made several muniti > nS to the town, its churches, and charities Th, 2 this latest gift is over £ 30,000. hi Talue of tod » Sunday torn the ol th. •

tunign gtttfUiflfiu*. FRANCE. PARIS, Saturday.—The balance of the war indemnity 250,000,000 francs, with interest will be paid on Sep- tember 4th. To-day'sDebats contains an article by MJohn Lemoinne declaring that has the Republic has become impossible, the only possible king is the Comte de Chamboard, pro- Tided that he consents to treat with the nation, which is not disposed to surrender its public liberties. According to privrte advices received here the relations between the Counts Chambord and de Paris continue in the most friendly manner; and it is said that the Count de Chambord, in writing to Count de Paris, as well as in private conversation, has given the latter- the title of Dauphin." An official decree exempts corn and flour imported into France from the surtax hitherto levied and from bonding duty. SPAIN. THE CIVIL WAR IN SPAIN. MADRID, Saturday.-The Government will to-day pre- sent in the Cortes a Bill for raising a loan with the taxes derived from tobacco in the Philippine Islands as security, and suppressing obligatory labour on the natives. It is believed that urgency will be demanded. The General commanding the Army of the North is expected to-day at Vittoria, with 10,000 men, and will then proceed to Estella against the main body of the Carlist forces, under the command of Don Carlos. It is estimated that, should the Carlist insurrection be successful, the Spanish debt will be increased by one- third in consequence of the engagements contracted by the agent of Don Carlos during the seven years' war, and the loans raised by his successors. MADUID, Friday.—It is stated the Government pro- poses to arm privateers against the Carlists. MADRID, Sunday.—The frigate Numancia, which was seized by the insurgents, is said to have been cap- tured by an English frigate. ITALY. ROME, Saturday.-The Minister of the Interior has issued a circular to the prefects, giving them instructions how to act in case of the occurrence of workmen's strikes. The Minister says that he has received information stating that the Internationalists are trying to excite strikes everywhere, and that the object of the Congress which is te be held at Geneva is to bring about a general strike in all industrial establishments. The Minister urges the authorities to distinguish be- 'twten strikes which result from ordinary causes and those strikes which, excited by agitators, are got up for the purpose of rendering any agreement between masters and men impossible. The prefects are requested to see that the laws are properly observed. INSURRECTION IN KHIVA. The following telegram has been received from the ,correspondeiit of the Dailg Telegraph:- TASIIKEND, August 26.—I have just learned, through private letters which have readied me from most re- liable sources, that an insurrection of a very serious character has occurred in the capital and throughout the Khanate of Khiva,. The object of the rising was simply to rid the country of the Russian invaders, and it took place at a time which the leaders judged auspicious for the attempt, General Kauffman, tbeRlIssian commander, being absent from the Khanate. The officer who held temporary command met the movement with a firm band, and succeeded in utterly crushing it. The report adds, that he caused the town of Khira to be destroyed, and that he has asked for permission to plough up the very ground on which the ruins lie tho conduct of the Khivans calling, in his opinion, for the most severe punishment. From another quarter I learn that the rebellion in the Khanate of Khokand has been subdued, and that very rigorous measures have been taken l'j the Khan against the disaffected. No less than s;x hundred executions are reported in my present advices. T A report comes from Kashgar that Yakoob Beg, the able and warlike ruler of that territory, is dead but it seems to me to require confirmation.