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SWANSEA. FRIDAY, APRIL U.…

-.---.--.-------.--COLONIZATION.'

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COLONIZATION. THE topic of Colonisation—tht> roost IRNPORFJIJIL by far which lias occupied the attention uf ille Legislature for the present, or imleKl (or mnnv H pnst Session — was introduced into the House of Commons, oti Thurs- day iie'iinijrht, hy Mr. Clmrles liuUer. in a .speefli which, for luci InesH, extpur of informntion, and a com- prehensive mastery of the subject, would have done credit to the 0)0'1' celebrated Statesman this country )IHS ever produced. We do not ).)tfntt now following the Hon. and Learned Member throughout the anr«- inenig which he so nhlv and so eloquetitlv expoundeH. NVe presume that i^ has been uuiverKaily read, and read with that nttelitioii wheib it so jiwtiy demands. Wt- would merely, in ihis place, enforce upon onr readers the importance of lite ftuhject oi Colonizniion a aubjecl wbicli has ever bren, and even now is mo*t imperfectly understood, by the public a^large, and also by that large portion of the public, which has been iustlv styled, The Uneasy Class," yet to whom a judicious scheme of Colonization opens the most un- bounded advantage. We are no advocates of a system of compulsory emigration—the forcible deportation of the poor, merely for the purpose of diminishing the rates which press upon the rich, and cure the lainer of those unpleasant qualms, which the presence of a large mass of want and misery has a tendency always to beget No. this is not what we advocate; and it is certainly not what either the Mother Country or the Colonies require The system which we approve of. is precisely that which was explained in the remarkable speech to which we have referred—viz that provides for a judi- cious selection from all classes which are to be found at home. Our Colonies, in fact, ought to be miniatures, as complete in all their features as circumstances will allow, of the State from which they emanate. Tliev ought to be provided with those blessings of sound laws, and civil and religious institutions, which expe- rience shews are desirable for those who tarry at home. There ought to be encouragement for the investment of capital, and inducements for men of cultivated tastes and intellects to become denizens of these colonies. Nay, we go further, and say, that it is desirable that a due admixture of aristocratical elements should be found in these settlements. It assuredly would com- port fully with the interests of all concerned, that men of established families in this country should settle there. All this has a tendency to beget a society of a superior kind, and of such a character, that people removed above the middle classes of the community at home, may feel no disinclination to convey themselves to colonies where they may procure a larger amount of actual comforts than they can procure at home. without sacrificing those satisfactions, which, to a well- constituted mind, are often of greater importance than even more tangible advantages. Our Australian set- tlements, and the settlement in the Island of New Zealand, have proceeded, in a great measure, upon this enlightened principle. A short time since, a gen tleman of birth and fortune (we mean the Hon. Mr. Petre), returned for a time from New Zealand, whom we had the pleasure of meeting and conversing with upon the subject of emigration generally, and especially touching the prospects of New Zealand. The enthu siasm in which this enlightened Colonist spoke of the advantages clearly perceptible in the undertaking in which he had ventured, and with which; at the time the conversation occurred, he had considerable experience, would have quelled the fears of the most timorous, aild silenced the scruples of the most fastidious. The cli- mate of New Zealand, and also of the South Australian settlements, is beyond all comparison superior to that with which we are familiar. The country, too, we have been informed by more than one who has ex- plored these tracts, resembles, for hundreds of miles together, the finest parks of our nobility and gentry and the soil is of the finest quality, and is convertible with ease into arable and pasturages, returning, upon the slightest cultivation, produce far surpassing in abundance and quality any crops found upon a British farm -We have said rather more than we intended upon this head, but the intense interest of the subject, as it appears to us, and which we feel anxious to com- municate to our readers, has in some measure tempted us to digress. The topic of Emigration has been as- sailed by many ignorant, and, we regret to add. by not a few sensible persons, with a most ill-deserved obloquy The poor man, and the man of means which place him above poverty, and even the rich themselves, whose families urgently require settlements more ample than they find within their means to grant, are all interested 'n this subject. It is well worth any one's while to consider this matter in all its bearings, divesting his niind of prejudice for assuredly, by means of it, at) Hiler of hope may he presented to many, whose miseries. and whose children's miseries, would otherwise seem interminable. We are proud to state, that our Ngting townsman, Mr. W. H. Michael, obtained, last week, at the Aldersgate School of Medicine, London, the tirst certificate of honour for midwifery. The Committee appointed at the Quarter Sessions, recently held at Cowbridge, had a conference with the Town Couucil of Neath, on Tuesday la..t, and we are happy to learn, that arrangements were made for the immediate erection of suitable premises for the accomodalion of prisoners in that botongh. We understand that llie smnof 1G0(., will be contribnted by the county, towards the expences of the building, upon condition that one wing of the intended edifice be devoted to county purposes. Willing Peel, Esq., of Taliaris, has been appointed High Sheriff for the County of Carmaithen, and Charles Bishop, Esq., of Llandovery, his Deputy. REBECCA AND HEK DAUGHTERS AGAIN.-A second daring and destructive attack was, abont two o'clock on the morniug of Thursday last, made -on the Prendergast toll- gale, near Haverfordwest, by a party of about tweniy-four men, some of whom were dressed in sniock frocks; they caine down in a body from Ihe Fishguard road, headed by a large-sized man in a white mackintosh greatcoat. The first movement on arriving, at the toll-gate was, to appoint a part of the mob as guards at the doors of i-lie-cottitges near the gate, to prevent anybody from coming out to interrupt their operations. They advised Phillips, the toll-taker, to keep in the house if he was not quite tired of hit life, because they intended no liarru to liiui." The Caltlain then gave order* to commence the assault, and to work the mob went in good earnest; they did not desist till they had demolished the gate-posts and signboard to splinters. They then told Phillips that they had fixed on that night for doir g tbe job, because it was bright moonlight, which would prevent them injuring their hatchets! On leaving they gave a hearty cheer, and carried away with them a portion of one of the potts, in token of thl ir triumph. TAFP VALB RAILWAY.—On Wednesday the Directors of this Railway elected Mr. J. James their Secretary, who is now the manager of St. Helen's and Runcorn Railway. There were nearly three hundred applicants for the situa- tion, but only five we. e summoned to attend the nieetiug of directors. VALUABLE CARGO.—The Champion, Holt, master, arrived in Swansea on Wednesday last, from Valparaiso, ha>ing on board thirteen tons of bullion, in doubloous and silver. The rest of the cargo consists of copper op, 55 barrels of flour, 366 sacks of wheat, &c. The Janet, Wilson, from Valparaiso, for Liverpool, 101 days passage, hating a large quantity of specie on board, put into Milford, to land dispatches and being short of oil. On the 10'h inst., spoke, in the chops of the channel, the ship Lamport, of and for Liverpool, fiorii New Orleans, out 30 days. On the 11th brig tlarman, frmn Clyde, 3.5 miles N, of the Smalls. Spoke no other vessels during the voyage. The Great Western s'eamer arrived at Milford on Thursday se'nnight, and after having her keel and fore foot repaired in the dry dock at H.M. dock jard, Pembroke, has returned to Liverpool, to resume her station between that port and Bristol and New Yoik. ACCJDKNT AT TIIR CllT -On Thursday evening last an inquest was held at the Infirmary, before C. Collins. Esq., Coroner, on the body of James Williams, aged 31, who was employed at the New Cut. It appeared that the deceased was in the act of wheeling earth in a barrow over a plank,, having one end resting upon the batik, and the other upon a ladder, commonly called "ahorse," beneath which was the nam into which the earth was thrown. The plank acci- dentally slipped off, and the unfartMiiate man, together with ba load, was precipitated from a height of about six or seven feet, Irs head coming in contact with the tram-plate. He soon afietwatd* expired from the effects of the fall, V e: dict, "Accidental Death." Haverfordwest fair, on Thursday, went off pretty wen-milch better than was generally expected. There wa4 a good demand for fat cattle, and a great many sales effected, at improved prices. The show of hmsea was small, aud but little done. Sheep were a very poor sale. Lm.VKLLY.—The examination of the pupils or the School for General Education at the alkive place w-at licia on Friday evening last. The senior pupils had completed a i,ottrse of English Grammar, derivation of words, arithmetic, &ei, and the junior class a mitr.%o of Geography, Grammar, &e., 'irt,whicli branches they were examined by Mr. John J entity M.A., of Swansea, and acquitted themselves iu a creditable manner. SINKING CLASS AT LLANKLI.V.—.Mr. Williams, Pro- fessor of Mu»ie» &c.,of this town, give his first lesson 011 Wilhem's System of Singing on Monday evening last, to a cla** consisting of about 113 persons. LUXR.LLY UNION.— Ihe following gentlemen were reitlrneil Gnairrlians of the Poor tor the se"erlll parishes of the above Union, for the ensuing year, viz —Thex. liowen, Moo. Wm. Thomas, Frood, and Thomas Ungoed, Cwi aelli, for Peinbrey David J)a<ies. Llwydcoe.l, and John Jenkins, CoednmWr, for Llarwnf Morgan Morgan, Bail\glas, for Lougkor Borough; Evan William*. Penybank, and Phillip Howells, Maesgwenlliau, for Kidwelly Borough EzekiH Williams, Glitwin, for Kidwelly Parish; John Roberts, Et w-wasiail-fawr, for Llanedy; George Williams, Feddec- sefach, for Lougltor; John Thomas, W tiler-street, Llaudly, William Moodie, Penyfan. Richard Williams, Hirlilom, and Jeremiah Giitii'hs, Brynvgioes-fawi, for IJanelly; John Biddnlph, Platissa, for Liatigennech. -111 lllinvii Chambers, was unanimously re-elected Chairman, and John Hughes ){pf<, H-q.. and Mr. Johu Thomas, piiuier, were elected Vice Chiirmcn. GOVKUNMKN 1* EDUCATION1 BILL.—Petitions from the various congregations ol Dissenters in Haverfordv*est,«i;aiu^t 'his hill, Itau., during the last fortnight, been numerously Miine,1. an,( forwarded to tlus Member, Sir n. B. P- Philipps, or piespuiaiion.—A requisition, signed by a great many of '"ailing Di,,Ptetvte, and others, has also been presented to the Mayor, requesting him to call a public meeting in the lowri-Haij^ ro consider the educational-clauses ot the bill. Mayor has appointed Monday next for the meeting. Nt \v!>i,I(r NAXTTOLO RAILWAY.—We understand that it is intended to enlarge the sphere of this railway, so as to embrace flip greater portion of the iron-works and ill the district, asit is admitted that Ihe trade cannot be carried on except at a loss with the present delective means ot bringing the produce of the mineral districts to market. t PERSON AI. COMFORT "—The preterit season being that in whirl) the iiti!iiie.s *nd grateful effeel* of ROWLAND'S KALY- 1/(111 beemme eqqailv nppsruiil wiib thai of Summer, we strenu- OUBU recommend it to those parsons who suffer from the baneful fnef!t<.nf)ncte"t€ht weather on a lender anit deictte skin, 1111 j «\ir.ioi(tiiiari efiteact in aliasing all irriubililv and tendenr.v to ilvSaniaiatjon of the -kin. ill no less esteemed than are itit peculiar »irioe* .wt enhancing the B«-auty of the Cuiiipievion and w • Toilet apperwlagw, is of onq<iealionable Xtttetj, ellicaey, and of OURI'ALUD eu.,anoe., -Sue Adt>cfi»eme#t. MELANCHOLY CASE OF SVICIDt -00 Monday last, the vittage of Stainton, near Milford, was thrown into a state of const terable excitement, on the discovery that a young woman, a servant in the employ of Mr. Davies.of that place, fanner, had hanged herself. It is said that a day or two previous to the commission of this dreadful act, the poor gul was suspected of having stolen some a. tictes of small 'alIII' from her master, and on his charging her therewith and threatening to bring her before Mr. Leach, the magis- trate, at Miltord, she declared her innocence, and vowed that sooner than lie brought before illi. Leach, she would destroy herself The poo. creature, from Ihe time of her being accused of the theft, till s|,on|v before her death, an- peared to be in a most distracted st'ate of mind, and con- stantly repeated her determination to hang herself before she would submit to go before the magistrate; but little o. no attention was paid to her ravings. She at length carried her resolution into effect, and on Monday morning, watchin- all opportunity, she went into one of the onthnnsf's, and sus- pended herself by the beam. She was not discovered until life was totally estinct. Up to the time of the charge against her, she had borne an excellent character. SWANSKA POLICK.— Before the \Javor — 4pril 6 Three persons were charged with depositing ashes in ihe public stleet, but were discl.a.ged upon promising not to repeat the offence. -April 10.—Richar«l Maker, navigator, John Dowling, seaman, Owen Morgan, of Morriston, butcher, and his son, David Morgan were charged with drunkenness and disorderly conduct. All ot them were reprimanded and discharged, upon payment of costs._()wen Morgall was also fined 13s. G l. 'or assaulting policeman Thomas Jones, who took him into custody. Aptil 11. —William Dawes, navigator, Thomas Davies, town crier of Npath, and John Evans, of Skewen, moulder, were severally fined 5s. for having been drunk.—Mary Llewellyn, a common prostitute, was charged with the same offence-reprimanded and lis. charged.—The complaint of the ferry-boatman against Mat- thew Kees, harper, William Davies, and David Walters, was dismissed. SWANSEA PETTY SESSIONS. Before the Mavor, Rev. W. Hewson, D.D., J. D. Betrington, W.I.Jones, C. H. Smith, T. Edw. Thomas, and IltÍtI Thomas, Esqrs.—John Hughes summoned Mr. A. Koundy, agent to Messrs. Vivian and Sons, for non-payment of wages. After an investigation the complaint was dismissed.—Charles Rees was summoned by John Phillips, for having assaulted him in Mor.is's-lane, by striking him in the face until he bled profusely. The defendant admitted having struck Phillips, hut said he did it in consequence of the latrer calling him Long Charley," and other more opprobrious names. The Magistrates per- ceiting that the complainant was himself in fault, recom- ntended the parties to make up by shaking hands, which was done, and the case dismissed, on promise of payment of li-, Costs.—John Evans, upon the application of C. Collins, Esq., was ordered to reimburse the Union in the sum of 8s., ex- penned upon his bastard child, and also to pay 2s. weekly towards the said child's maintenance, until he should attain the age of seven years.—Elizabeth Webb was convicted in the pemlty of 9s. for assaulting Mary Anne Hammond. Fine paid. NEATH SPECIAL PETTY SESSIONS, Friday April7th. —Before F. Fredricks, Howet Gwyn, Henry Thomas, G. Llewellyn, and Nashj Edwards Vaughau, Esqrs.—Thomas Williams, farmer, of the parish of Cadoxton-juxta-Neatb, was summed by John Smith, woodward to William Williams, E,q., of Aberpergwm, for catryitrg away some pieces of timber, the property of Mr. Williams. The Magistrate*, in consideration of the defendant acknowledged the charge, only fined him in the low penalty of 40s., including costs! Paid.—Thomas Hopkins, of the Pelican, beerhouse-keeper, Skewen, was summed by Sergeant Jones, No. 10, rural police, with keeping his house open for the sale of ljeer after eleven o'clock on the night of the 1st inst. The Magistrates did not consider that the complaint came within the spirit of the law, as there were only three persons in the house then drinking, who were also quite sober. The case was dismissed, with a caution to Hopkins to be careful in future.—Mrs. Williams, of the Swan Inn, Aheravon, was charged by Peter W rjgh No. 30 G, with permitting drunkenness and disorderly persons in her house, on the 31st of Jannary last. The case was adjourned on Friday, February 3d, to Friday, April 7th (this day), when the charge was clearly proved by the police- man. This complaint being the third offence of a similar nature, subjected her to a very heavy penalty, but the Magistrates, in consideration of Mrs. Williams being a widow, and not wishing to inflict the highest penalty, ordered her to pay 30s., the amount of costs, and to give up her license this day, which she agreed to do, after a long persuasion from Mr. Bird, who defended her, as well as the Magistrates, who felt inclined to deal with her case as leniently as possible.- Evan Morgan, was summed by Henry James, both of the parish of Cadoxton-jnxta-Neath, for having assaulted him. The Magistrates dismissed the case, and ordered the com- plaiuant to pay the costs. Paid. CHURCH RATES -As the Easter Vestries are near, as there are conflicting opinions among the public as well all among the b gal authorities, and as some provincial papers have published doctrines of a, contrary tendency to a fair statement of the question at issue, we think it opportune jiut now to disabuse the minds of rate-payers, by publishing the following able article on the subject of Church-rates, from the Globe:- Conflicting decisions by the Courts of law, on qut stions affecting great public inltnests-lo the nettlement of which the country looks with anxiety, and on which the peace of the community depetids-eari never occur without producing results that all must deplore. The respect with which tneu should be inspired for the authority of the law ilself is diminished; the obligations of Obedience Hre weakened; the confidence with which the institu- tions of the country ought to be viewed by the people is lessened and thus the bonds of social order are loosened. The duties im posed by the national institutions on the subjects of tlie State are, in consequence, either neglected, because tlie mode of their per- forniHnee and the certainty of beiug protected in theoo»sequences resulting from the honest attempts 'o perform them aright, are regarded as unsettled or contentions are encouraged and the p.i.ssions of individuals are inflamed. The opportunities afforded for protracted litigation, the involutions of which ensure delav the certainty of I-rze cosls being incurred, present facilities for harassing less affluent or intimidating more timid opponents. The law, which ought to be associated with justice, is perverted into nn instrument of wrong and oppression. In a free countrv, the subject ought to be able to betike himself with confidence to the Judges ol his country, asSured that their administrations of the laws will be marked by impartialitv, and their decisions be prompt and tintd anti iliu-s any controversy into which he has been drawn by his own or other!)' miseoustruction of the laws, be autho itatively and finally determined. If snob ought to be the case in the ordinary transactions which give rise to litigation between private individuals, or with refer. eiice to the merely secular intereffo) large bodies of the com- munity, the necessity for promptitude in deciding litigated questions afttoting the celebration ol divine worship in the churches of the Establishment, become, yet more imperative. When the parties by whom, and the inode in which, the pecuniary meant of repairing the fabrics of, and providing what is required for the decent performance of reliKionl1 services within the parish church become, unhappily, the causes of fierce contention among the parishioners, and are then brought before the tribunals for decision—is it not, we ask, an anomaly, the existence of whioh •s as astonishing as it is mischievous and disgraceful, that the parties to such a suit should be able. by appeal from one juris- diction to another, to keep theuit pending for years and induce an expenditure in law costs exceeding the value of the edifice concerning the repairing of which the dispute originally arose? 1 be most odious of passions and prejudices are in the meanwhile ean" generated throughout the entire parish, to the great dishonour and injury of religion, and to the interests ol the Establishment to uphold which, it is pretended, the war has been commenced and is perpetuated tl this obviously injurious and disreputable state of things exists and is at this moment exhibited to the country in the case of the parish of Braintree, Essex. There the Chnreh-rate conten- tilln has reaolied ifie fearful consummation we have described. For a period of nearly six years have the pros, and 'be oons. on the subject of compulsory Church-rates been allowed to cirry the question, in one or other of the forms which the Courts allow sua on one or other of the grounds which the ingenuity of learned civilians and common-law counsel enable them to detect, for their own benefit, and the defeat of substantial justice, through an in- terminable and ruinous process of litigation, ecclesiastical and civil. After having passed through the Ecclesiastical Gonrts, and had judgment arrested by the Court of Queen's Benoh, some point was then solemnly argued, by writ of error, before the Judges in the Exchequer Chamber. There the churchwardens were finally de- feated. The rate illev-on the refusal of the parishioners to make a rate for the repair of the cliurcli-iid made by virtue of an assumed poiver vested in diem by law, was pronounced invalid. But the Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, on delivering judgment, said, He would not say what the opinion of the Judges would hav.e been, had the churchwardens, in conjunction with the tninarity in vestry assembled, made a rate for the purpose for wbicii the inraltd rale had fieen made." This wus enough.' The B^iintree shurchwardena made another rate in the way which the Lord Chief Justice was supposed to have imimated aud sanctioned. Tbe dissidents, consisting of a large majority of the parish, ap- pealed to the Ecclesiastical Court against its legalitv. Doctor LTLSHINGTON, in a judgment that was universally admired for the profound knowledge of the question it displaved, and the authorities on which he rested his opinion against the validity of a rate so made, decided against the church wardens. Thev-ap. pealed to the Court of Arches, where Sir ILTHBEBT JENNER FUST reversed ihe judgment of Dr. LUSHINGTON and thus, for the first time in the history of church-rate litigation, gave a sem- blance of authority to the favonrito dogma of High CharchUm,— that from time immemorial the parishioners have been under a legal obligation to proiide ihe means for sustaining the fabric of the church, and for the decent celeb'ation of divine worship <hcreit)"—a decision which is not less at variance with fact than it is opposed 10 the obviou* intention of the law in prescribing the mode bt which rates are to be ascertained and made for the objects described. '1'1. I i ne raw is express as to the necessity ot giving all possible puhlioity to tbe vestrt eonvenod for the purpose of'snbmittiug to tlie parishioners an estimate of the rale called for bv the church- wardens. The parishioners are hound to meet, and to consider whether they will grant a rate; and, if any, to what amount. Havinjr met, I liev grant what they please, or refuse to make any gr<i»t at alt.Vs the House of Common* mav be compelled to nieet by Koyal Proclamation, so the Vestry OIHV be led to assemble by summons from the churchwardens But when niet, whether the attendance al the Vestry be numerou or scanty —»s whether the House of Commons tie wellur ill attended, pro- vided there is a sullioient number of members to form a House — tliev are competent to transact business, and mav grant or refuse supplies at their discretion. If a majority of the parishioners, woo have been legally convened, agree to impose a church-rate Oil the parish, their decision is binding on the whole nod, of the parishioners. Hut if tliev di»serii, and reftiso to tax themselves, there is no tribunal that has power to coerce them. Such has been, in subsiance. the opinions of the most eminent common-law lawiers ho'h of the liar and from the bench: and. such, we feel persuaded, will he the decision of tlie Court of highest appellate jurisdiction, to which the question wid he re- ferred f f the judgment ol Sir H. J. FUST could he sustained, how Dtterly useless would be the parade of summoning the pa- rishioners to vestries, disouskiug the question of rate. and voting. fir polling thf parish, as the case ma. be, upon it. Who would think 01 recording his opinion, if lie knew that the question thus submitted to him was a foriii involving an imtnlt; and that, what- ever number of his fellow-parishioners may concur with hi," in opinion, the chotohwardeus. with two or three who mav he wilt- instin do their bidding, have the power of taxing Ihe entire par) J), w it Iron I the power Of mitigation or successful opposition to llieir wjll? Can »och a judgment—now for the first lime sought lo be fastened an-hiw upon the coeuiry-be snslainedl Would the tfountrv be satisfied to allow the Uw to continue which sustained it—xnppotthm it could for one moment be pronounced 10 be in accordance with law f

EXTENSIVE ROBBERY OF PLATE.I

[No title]

Anti-Factory Bill Meeting,…

To the EDITOR of The CAMBRIAN.

To the EDITOR of The CAMBRIAN.

--To the EDITOR of The CAMBRIAN.

Family Notices

-.+-SHIP RawS.

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