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A Copy of a Letter to the DUKE of WELLINGTON,- upon the situation of England. My LORD DUKE,—Bankruptcies, ruin, and general distress, announce to Europe, that the resources of England are upon the decline, the wealth of which has been gradually diminishing ever since the introduction of Free Tnde, and the Currency Bill of 1819, What can commence more alarmingly sad than the year 1830, the early days of which authenticate a deficiency of upwards of one million sterling in the revenue, of desolating poverty amongst the farmers, of landlord's sacrificing fifteen and twenty percent, to their tenantry, 01 ruinous low prices amongst tradesmen, and of a currency too contracted for the necessities of the commercial w rid These national distresses will soon torn) themselves upon the attention of Ministers, and whilst thereis still time for reflection, pray condescend to suppose a case, and such a case may eventually, and at no great distance of lime arise, that the rental of England, injured by the intro- duction of Foreign Wool and Corn, should retrograde to what it was in 1791, and that in consequence of Free Trade, the ex- ,.)r ports, excise, and customs should graduate annually less and less, until the Treasury expenditure is found to exceed the re- sources of the country, in what, pray, are you and your col- leagues prepared to meet a crisis so terrifying in its conse- quences? These are considerations more immediately within the province of Parliament, the assembling of which will soon take place, and for whose information the usual sessional speech should be a faithful representation of the pecuniary difficulties of the state, and not as heretofore a "Vox et praeterea nihil." The members composing the lower House of Parliament are the constitutionally appointed guardians of the public purse, under whose inquiring guardianship the expenditure of the country must be considerably, and immediately reduced, and such members as will at the approaching session vote the esti- mates of the current year upon a similar scale of extravagance with the last, will deserve dismission from their constituents, whenever a general election takes place. In these days of pauperism, distress, afflictinglv felt throughout the kingdom, with the exception of the public creditor, the balance of justice should equalize the scale of taxation, the unfairness of which cannot be more evidently made clear, than by catechising your Grace with the following questions Why are the poor rates, the tithes, the support of the Protestant Church, the Bench of Bishops, and the Clergy, exclusively borne by the landed interests, and why are not the funds made to contribute in an equitable manner towards supporting burdens national y ell tablished for the benefit of the poor and desolate, and for the maintenance of the Reformed Christian Religion ? Another question remains to be answered. Why the daily transfer of st"ck is not made to supply the necessities (If the state in the same way, and in the same degree, that the sale and mortgaging of estates are made available, by paying a lucrative stamp duty ? Great and unfair as these exemptions are in favour of the public creditor, tlrere still remains to be named a grievance that renders effortless the industry of the landed interests, effortless in as much as a debt of upwards of eight hundred millions, contracted in a paper currency, never can be paid in bullion, and when Mr. Peel passed his cash resumption bill, lie injudiciously doubled in value the public burdens, and as a consequence of the same measure, reduced all landed estates one moiety in valuation, and yet wiilf these stultifying proofs of incapacity, pointing him out as the cause of the currency being too con- tractedly and too hastily reduced, he is allowed to talk of his consistency of legislative principles, from whose observance (though injurious to the country) he considers it treason to ex. pect him to depart, principles easily shorn of their self-import- ance, when rejected at Oxford. Lessors and lessees, propri- etors, and cultivators of land, the hour of union, of self-preser- vation is arrived, and loudly demands a constitutionnal effort to petition the Legislature to enact that from henceforth, the funds shall equalize with yourselves the taxes required to main- tain the poor, to pay the tithes, and to support the Church and Clergy for without this fellowship of public burdens, the landed interests must perish, and whenever its ruin arrives, it will, like a vast destroying deluge, sweep away in its desolating vortex, the pulilic creditor, whose debt, without the prosperity, and sup- port.ofthe landed interests is, onlv the shadow of a shade, fleeting, ,i,lltisory,- and disappointing. No Charlatan has ever acquired more notoriety than Mr Huskissot), to whose principles of Free Trade, the pauperised situation of the people is principally attri- butable. Reciprocity has never formed any part of the con i- nenta) system on the contrary, discouragement by prohibitory duties closes the channel of admission to English manufactures. The Huskisjonean mania of Free Trade has unwisely permitted the exportation of sheep, of mares, and entire horses, as if an- xious that the breed of these animals should, at some future time, be made available against England's prosperity, and as a. mea- sure of still greater evil, the machinery of England has been exported all over the Continent, which, worked by English artizan", expatriated for want of home employment. has enahled the rivals of England to fabricate goods to the exclusion of British articles. The energies of England are still great, and equal to the extrication of your Grace and colleagues from present difficulties, if you and they are seriously disposed to confine the expenses of Government within its resonrces, and not, as heretofore, regulate the state of taxation in conformity to the expenditure of the country. Retrenchment is become absolutely necessary to the security of the public debt, and an abatement of taxation imperative to prevent a crisis which, were it to occur, would convulse the kingdom to its foundation! As the greatness of England does not consist in establishments exceeding her re- sources, or it) Ambassadors and Consuls receiving much larger salaries than are paid by other nations, it becomes a public duty that your Grace should propose to his Majesty a considerable reduction in ti)e army and navy, as well as in all pensions and salaries, especially in those that have of late years been in- creased on account of high prices. The period for which the new 4 per c;-nts. were created being about to expire, the mo- ment is arrived when the people expect to be relieved to the annual amount of one million and upwards, by -reducing the rate of interest from four to three per cent. and against this financial reduction no justifiable complaints can be urged, for as well may mortgagees feel discontented at being paid off, when the mortgagors fortunately find themselves in circum- stances to negociate new loans at three instead of four per cent. The resources of the country mnst not be exclusively engaged by the fundholder; he must be-called upon by Parliament to contribute to the iecessities of'tlie State in equal degree of taxation with the landed proprietor, and without this union of effect, the alarming situation of the country can only be com- pared to a vessel upon breakers, when part of the crew muti- nously refuse assistance in the hour of shipwreck. As a mea- sure of Ministerial extrication from pressing dangers, your Grace and colleagues must wisely and boldly proceed to reduce the expenses of the country considerably within its resources, to convert the fours to three per cent, to revive agriculture by home protection in corn and wool, and above all tilings essen- tia! to the assistance of an over taxed people, to keep the rate ,of intereslso salutary low as to enable Government to payoff all discontented creditors. Whig- and Tories have identified themselves loo closely with the Treasury charms of places and pensions to be held in estimation by the observing part of the community, whose expression of et)ii(leiiiiiilioit. vill, be heard and responded to. notwithstanding the prosecuting-efforts of Sir James Scarlett. I have the honour to be, mv Lord Duke, A WELL-WISHEK TO-HOME PROTECTION AND THE PROSPERITY OF ENGLAND.

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JMt Lbo...! Wediiesdni/ and…

BANKRUPTS from Tuesday's Gazette.

postscript.