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Saturday to Monday's Posts.

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Saturday to Monday's Posts. LONDON, JAN. 23. PAPERS and letters from Lisbon to the 10th inst. have been received by the Duke of Malborough packet which arrived at Falmouth on Thursday last. They announce the death of the Queen Dowager of Portugal, the mother and adviser of Don Miguel,-the fanatic plotter against the peace and freedom of Por- tugal. and the unrelenting instigator of general perse- cution and violence. Few persons in modern times -have enjoyed such extensive means of mischief on so "limited a stage of action, and none have ever exercised them with a more eager instinct of cruelty and ven- geance. Reflecting, in her last moments, on the dis- tracted condition of the Portuguese monarchy, groaning under usurpation and oppression, with its trade dp stroyed, its industry paraliserl, and its best subjects in dungeons or in exile, she could leave the world with the proud satisfaction that its delivery into the hands of despotism and anarchy was mainly her own work. The death of the old Queen of Portugal may be of con- siderable advantage in its influence on Portuguese politics. We do not know whether we ought to connect with this certainly not disagreeable event, the fact that an early, if not immediate amnesty, is to be issued by Don Miguel: But who can trust the perfidious oath- breakerf A tremendous fire broke out in Lisbon on the 3d inst. which destroyed a great number of houses, much property, and a very fine palace, (we could not learn the name of the owner) and that the conflagration had been attended with the loss of several lives. The Bramble cutter had arrived at Lisbon, after a passage of four days. By this arrival we also learn that a whole company -of Italian players, twenty-two in number, going from Lisbon to Oporto in a Portuguese vessel, were inhu- manely murdered by the Captain and crew of the ship in which they had taken their passage. The perpetra- tors of this horrible butchery are in custody, and have confessed their crime, which was committed for the sake of plundering the property of which the unhappy Italians were possessed. The Paris papers of Wednesday contain an official account of the revenue, from which it appears that there was a diminution of eleven millions of francs (nearly half a million sterling) in the last three months of the year ending 1829, as compared with the same months in 1828. It is remarked that the diminution has chiefly taken place in articles of general consump. tion, thus proving that France is suffering at this mo- ment in every branch of her industry. The King has sent 60,000 francs to the Prefect of the Seine, to be distributed amongst the indigent inhabitants of the capital. The German papers which arrived on Thursday state that the Sultan is collecting magnificent presents for the Emperor of Russia, in the hope, it is affirmed, of inducing him to reduce the amount of the indemnity contracted to be paid by the Turkish government.—On the 31st ult. the Emperor Nicholas was, for the first time since the recovery of his health, at the parade of his gUMds at St. Petersburgh. His Majesty, it is added, was received with loud acclamations. A disastrous explosion took place on the 27th of Nolr vember in the great powder Magazine at Shumla; which, not only destroyed the whole of the stone build; ing, in which there were nearly seven thousand cart- ridges and two thousand barrels of gunpowder, but also forty field-pieces, that were ready to be sent to Adrianople, were broken to pieces and totally spoiled; J the latter were for the most part melted, and forty-eight artillery men killed. In the same building there was a magazine of provisions, in which it is said ten thousand sacks of corn and a great quantity of other provisions were destroyed. The fire in the magazine continued the whole day, and as the bombs, grenades, &c. were flying about in all directions, nobody ventured to at. tempt to extinguish it, though the Grand Vizier was present the whole time. On the first explosion, the bombs flying over the town in every direction, a great agitation prevailed among the inhabitants and the, troops; and, till the real cause was known, there was a general cry that the Russians were storming the town. This false alarm caused great confusion, which the Grand Vizier himself found it very difficult to put a stop to. An odd report is spread in the Continental Papers, that a proposal has been made to the Sultan for the cession of Palestine and one of the versions is, that proposal has come from a great "cosmopolite" flobse of Hebrew loan contractors, who are to take the anctentseatof their nation in mortgage for an advance to the Sultan to meet the demands of Russia. The story, as the phrasegoes, wants confirmation." Money is so abundant on the Continent that the King of Bavaria, has Authorised his Ministers to pay off all the Five per Cent. Loans, and to issue for :t Four per Cent. Bonds, which are at 100, and 2 per Cent. premium. c, By the last arrivals from America, advices have been obtained from Quebec and Montreal to the 16th ult. The season promised to be much milder than it has been in Europe. All the outward-bound vessels from Quebec or from Montreal had consequently got out to sea. The number of emigrants who arrived in Canada last year was unusually great, not less than 17,000 or 18,000. Of these 10,000 and upwards were from Ireland, 3,500 from England, and 2,500 from Scotland. They were settled thus—about 3,500 in Lower Canada, aod 8000 in Upper Canada, while the remainder had repaired to different parts of the territory of the United States, but were in general likely to return to the Canadas. The report that England intended to open the trade with the1 West Indies had reached both the United States an(I-Britisti America. In the former it had pro- diced great joy; in the latter much gloom. A most lucrative trade has lately been carried on between our North American colonies and the West India settle- rULt)ts I the latter were never better or more cheaply supplied- with provisions, with lumber, or with cattle out the citizens of the United States assert that they «sve enjoyed a great part of the latter trade by Smug, beef' wi»ter-op.to the dates of these papers had Bnffaln 1 Cons>derable fires had taken place at luiilHin Clnc'nnati; at the former fifteen valuable buildings were destroyed. TO??hhfi 8 rr"-Sh Government seems at last to concur with the United States and this country, in adetermi- 10 suppress piracy. Hitherto the freebooters in the West India seas have found refuge and protection in the ports of Cuba and Porto Rico; but it seems that the sentence of the law has been carried into effect on seven of thesedelinquents, who have been tried and condemned at Porto Rico. _.Letters have been received from Serampore, stating that Lord William Bentinck, the Governor General of' v *» issued a proclamation, abolishing the in- human practice of burning Hindoo Widows, which has JO long prevailed jn India, to the disgrace of the East Company and of the British name. The procla- mation was published at Benares, and was favourably eceived by the Brahmins, the only class who were is likely to make any opposition to it. This step to-have been taken by Lord William Bentinck be lifSi°Wn authority and responsibility, but i here can doubt of his proclamation being confirf»ed by coIiS0urt of Directors, as they will never venture to measure** S° ^U9t' S° excellent» and 50 hu a Considerable sensation, it is said, has been excited at the Foreign Office by the appearance of an article on Greece, in a quarterly publication of recent date, the facts of which must havs been derived from official do- cuments, surreptitiously obtained. This account, says the Courc Journal, is correct, but we have authority to state that the inquiry set on foot by the Earl of Aber- deen, has satisfied his Lordship that the information was not obtained by any breach of trust in any person belonging to, or connected with the Foreign Office. It will be recollected that a similar circumstance took place with regard to the publication of the Greek Treaty, which was supposed to have been supplied by a foreign diplomatist of high rank. It is not impro- bable that the present affair may be traced to the same quarter. On the subject of the King's state of health, the Courier says— We have great satisfaction in being enabled to contradict the rumours that have been in circulation on the subject of his Majesty's health. The King, having suffered from cold, is now better. The severity of the weather, of course, prevents out- door exercise, but we understand his Majesty has re- sumed his usual habits in his palace." The particulars of an interview between his Majesty's Ministers and the West India Planters, have transpired in the City; and it appears, that the Duke of Wellington said, that there was not the slightest intention of re- ducing the duty on sugar and other West India pro- duce; nor were any measures in contemplation that would relieve the West India interests, which were only suffering in common with every other in the country. A few days ago, the Magistrates assembled at the Lewes Quarter Sessions, following the example of the Grand Jury of Kent, passed a string of resolutions on the agricultural distress of the country, which they forwarded to the Duke of Wellington, who has sent the following answer:— I have this morning received your letter ot the I6tn inst, inclosing the declaration of the Magistrates acting in the Eastern Division of Sussex, upon the distress which they state to exist in every part of the country, commercial as well as agricultural to which I will draw the attention of the King's servants." The Edinburgh Observer mentions that the Right Rev. Bishop Sandford died on Friday evening last. Mr. Secretary Peel, it is said, has undertaken to bring in a bill to regulate the fees at present demanded by Clerks of the Peace. A meeting was on Wednesday held at Lewes, at which H. Curteis, Esq. the County Member for Sussex, presided, to petition for a Repeal of the Malt and Beer Duties. The resolutions were agreed to with only one dissentient voice. The Magistrates of Sussex, with Lords Chichester and Gage at their head, have followed the example of some other counties, by appealing to the Duke of Wel- lington on "the distresses that exist in every part of the country, commercial as well as agricultural." The county of Chester is about to follow the exam- ple of Lincoln, Norfolk, and Devon, where county meetings have already been held, and of Essex and Cumberland, where similar meetings are announced, to take into consideration the present distress that per- vades all classes of the community. The meeting at Chester is fixed by the High Sheriff-for Monday next. A meeting was held at the Town-Hall, Banbury, on Saturday last, the Mayor in the chair, when resolu- tions to petition both Houses of Parliament for the re- peal of the Malt and Beer duties, were unanimously agreed to, and the petitions lay for signature in the Town-Hall. A numerous meeting of land-owners, farmers, and others, interested in agriculture, took place on Satur. day at Doncaster, to consider the present depressed state of the country, and to take such measures thereon as might be deemed expedient, was held at the Town- hall, Doncaster, on Saturday. Sir W. Cooke, Bart. was in the chair, and observed, that in consequence of the reduction in prices, and stationary taxes, farmers had at the present time to give three bushels of corn,where they had only to give two under a different state of things and that consequently the differences against them were as one to three. Several gentlemen spoke, and the Rev. Mr. Hett read a long address. It was un- animously resolved to petition the legislature on the meeting of parliament, to take into immediate consi- deration the state of the country. Two of the county members, the Hon. W. Duncombe and R. F. Wilson, Esq., were present. The meeting lasted upwards of four hours. A County meeting was held yesterday at Cambridge, at which the High Sheriff presided, for the purpose of preparing a petition to both Houses of Parliament, com- plaining generally of the depressed state of the agricul- tural interests, and praying for a repeal of the duties on malt and beer. The petitioners referred in strong terms to the injurious effects of the present licensing system. The petition was brought, forward and its adoption moved by Sir S. V. Cotton, Bart, and was seconded by Mr. Adeane. Mr. Wells, of Huntingdon, read to the meeting a petition couched in the strongest terms; and additional resolutions were proposed by Mr. Prime, of Cambridge. The meeting, however, was not disposed to adopt the former, and the substance of the latter was embodied in the original petition, which after much discussion was adopted by a considerable majority. Lord Milton was present, and advocated the taking off the duty on malt in preference to that on beer, as all beer did not pay a tax, but all malt did. The meeting was composed of nearly two thousand persons, princi- pally farmers. Lord Chief Justice Tenterden decided in the Court of King's Bench a few days since, that apothecaries are 1 entitled to charge for attendance upon patients. This decision relieves this class of medical men from the necessity of procuring a remuneration for their time and attendance through the medium of enormous charges for unnecessary drugs. At a meeting of the Middlesex Magistrates yester- day, the following resolutions were unanimously agreed to:—That the present low price of British spirits af- fords such an encouragement to an improper indul- gence in the same, aggravated as the mischief is by the mixture of vitriol and other deleterious ingredients, that the increase of misery, madness, and crime, in the [metropolis may in no small degree be imputed to it. That the Magistrates of Middlesex have no adequate I, means in their power by which the evil can be pre- vented. That these resolutions be signed by the i Chairman, and forthwith be presented by him to the Secretary of State for the Home Department, together with the earnest expression of the hope of this court, that his Majesty's government will take the same into its consideration, and apply such remedy as in its wis- dom it shall think fit." An advantageous plan for employing the poor has been adopted at Boreham, Essex, since the 30th of last month, when the parishioners met at vestry and unanimously resolved, in order to prevent the possi- bility of their poor remaining idle, that for every Q51. in the rate-book the occupier should employ one man, and in the like proportion to such parties as may be assessed a larger sum. The arrangement has hitherto proved satisfactory not a man has remained an hour in want of employ, the rate having been formed ac- cording to the number of labourers m the parish, who, when discharged by one master, are directed to apply to the overseer, and he, knowing not only where every man is stationed, is also advised of the vacancies as they occur. This system has worked so well, that the painful necessity has hot presented itself of discharging many deserving objects, Who continue in their respective places, notwithstanding they belong to other parishes. A Meeting was held at Manchester on Thursday and resolutiont passed to petition Parliament for afree trade to the East Indies and China. Upwards of 2001. was subscribed on the instant towards the expenses of pro- secuting this measure, Mr. O'Connell, in a long letter to the people of Clare, gives an outline ot his proposed Parliamentary campaign. Hespecifies certain objects oi localadvantage-harbonrs, bridges—which he will strive to secure for the country besides others of a more general nature—the removalof tithes, and the reformation of the Grand Jury laws. Bishop Watson says, that Great Britain is capable of maintaining 30 millions of inhabitants another writer, Dr. Hall, says, it would support with ease 90 millions when the Earl of Lauderdale, one of the modern econo- mist school, declares it might sustain 180 millions. It is not true, as stated in some of the newspapers, that his Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland is about to assume the goverment of Hanover. If his Royal Highness proceed at all to the Continent, which is at present doubtful, he will merely go for a few weeks, to break up the establishment at Berlin, which his haste to be in his place in the House of Lords last February prevented him from putting an end to it then, and which is therefore still continued at a considerable expense to his Royal Highness.-St. James's Chron. It appears by official returns made to Government, that crime has very considerably decreased in the city and county of Dublin during the last year. The num- ber of persons sentenced to transportation, and against whom death was recorded, in the year 1828, amounted to 209; and in the year 1829, they fell to 145. In the former year there were no executions, and in the latter only two, namely, the elder Mellon and Magrath, for the murder of Hanlon. In 1828, the number convicted of larceny amounted to 1800; and last year the con- victions under that head have fallen to 1200; showing a decrease of one-third in one year. Assaults and other offences connected with the breaches of the t, peace, have suffered a corresponding diminution. The Old Bailey Sessions having been brought to a close on Thursday, the Recorder passed sentence of death on fourteen capital convicts; 15 were awarded to transportation for life, 13 for fourteen, and 70 for se- ven years; and upwards of 200 to various periods of imprisonment. The state of the city of Norwich has not greatly al- tered for the better. The President and Secretary of the Weaver's Committee had been arrested, but were afterwards liberated on bail. These persons it is stated, were not apprehended on any charge respecting the outrages against the property of the manufacturers, or the attack upon Mr. Wright, but merely with a view to 1. put an end to those meetings of the weavers, which have been esteemed to have had so fatal an effect upon the public peace. Five persons are still in custody on suspicion of being concerned in the attack on Mr. Wright; and the strongest hopes are entertained that the perpetrator will be brought to justice. The present winter is likely to be memorable with stage-coachmen and travellers generally. The late se- vere frost has been succeeded by heavy falls of snow all over the country—then a gentle thaw for about twenty-four hours-frost again—and then a thaw. At the General Post-office, it is stated, that the roads are in such a condition from the accumulation of snow, that the mail coaches have been more obstructed than for many years past. One half of the mail coaches only had reached the General Post-office by nine o'clock on Thursday morning, and letter carriers were dispatches with such letters as had arrived up to half- past ten, at which hour none of the western mails had come in. C,romford and High Peak Railway, which crosses the hills of Derbyshire, and will make a communication be. tween Manchester and the districts of Nottingham, Derby, and Leicester, is thirty-three miles long, has fifty- twobridges and archways, and two tunnels, and has been carried over an elevation of 1270 feet above the level of the sea. It has cost 180,000l. including engines and machinery, and will shortly be opened. The bun, in alluding to the progress making towards the formation of a Railway between Bath and Bristol, says—"We trust that shortly there will be a railway from London to Bath, to communicate with the one now in progress between that city and Bristol. Nothing can so far benefit the country generally as free and rapid com- munication between the several great marts of wealth and manufacture. A railway from London to Edinburgh —passing through Birmingham and Manchester- would wonderfully promote the comfort of all places near the line of route, by facilitating intercourse and trade. Branch lines could easily be carried to the more populous districts, and thus a safe and expeditious line of communication be made to ramify throughout the kingdom. We think the subject of such national im- portance as to merit the serious and early attention of parliament." The American papers state that Booth, the actor, who some years ago excited much attention in London by his close imitation of the acting of Kean, is become raving mad, and was obliged to be led off the stage at Boston, in the midst of the performances. On Monday last, the Marshalls Estate, at Romford, Essex, formerly the residence and property of Rowland Stephenson, was put up at the Auction Mart. The timber, which was to be taken at a valuation, is consi- dered worth 1,2001. The property was bought in for 14,1201. Twelve cottages in Collier-row, adjoining Mar- shalls, produced 1,6101. The estate cost Stephenson 40,0001. At an early hour on Friday morning, Hinchinbrook House, near Huntingdon, the ancient and noble family seat of Lady Sandwich, was discovered to be on fire. Expresses were immediately dispatched to Huntingdon, y t, Cambridge, and other adjacent towns, and every exer- tion was made to remove the valuable furniture from the mansion, by the surrounding farmers and the do- mestics of the family. A very few articles however were saved, owing to the violence of the destructive element, and a stop was not put to the progress of the flames until the demolition of the interior of the man- sion was accomplished. The funeral of the unfortunate Miss Both took place on Sunday in Poplar Church, quite in a private man- ner. Lieutenant Crowther and his friend Mr. Schmidt attended on the occasion. The deceased was interred, as she had requested, by the side of her sister. It is said that a lady of rank has taken the surviving sister under her protection. Cobbett, in taking leave of his kind friends at Man- chester', assured them of his unchangeable faith in his present opinions on the currency, and all other matters. He added, that he should soon have an opportunity of confronting Mr. Huskisson on the floor of the House of Commons, and of putting down that gentleman's free trade system, and all its advocates. In a letter to the Duke of Wellington in the Register, Cobbett repeats all this; and from some other statements it would seem, that the Currency Bill has made his fortune. Wherever he goes, the people flock around. He delivered, he says, four speeches in Manchester, on four successive nights, on each occasion to upwards of a thousand people. This, at the rate of a shilling a head, is better than fifty pounds ani-ht -so that Cot)bett's actingis remunerated at the rate of Kean's tragedy and Liston's farce. There 0 is, undoubtedly, very severe distress throughout the country; and the sense of this impels the many to seek advice that is delivered oracularly. When men suffer in mind, they are apt to listen to spiritual counsel; when the commercial relations of a country are unset- tled, they are easily indticed to open their ears to poli- tical prophets. This we take to be the secret of Cobbett's attraction,-Spectator.

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