The Cambrian News and Merionethshire Standard

JFROMTHE PAPERS.^ The Guion steamer Idaho was lost on Saturday evening, June 1, off the coast of Wexford. Passengers and crew were saved. She was homeward bound. Lord Penzance has restored the Rev. J. Edwards, of Ingomells, Lincoln, to his living. Mr. Edwards was sus- pended for five years for immorality, but at the end of three years has regained possession by presenting two testimonials of good conduct, in accordance with the terms of the judgment. A Capetown despatch announces that the opening of the Cape Colony International Exhibition has been deferred by order of the governor, Sir H. Bartle Frere, until March next. Mr. Otway, formerly M.P. for Chatham, has sent a letter to the Greenwich Liberal Five Hundred accepting their invitation to contest the borough at the next election. Mr. Justice Field has appointed Monday, the 24th of June, for the trial, at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, of the two election petitions presented on the 15th May from South Northumberland. A double murder has been committed, during a dancing party, at a place called Mohohler, near Ballingarry, County Tipperary. Two men, named Fox and O'Brien, were stabbed to death. Six persons, who were at the party, have been arrested. A Russian imperial order is officially published directing that political offences are to be tried, according to their character, either before the tribunal by which the indict- ment may have been drawn up. or bv the supreme court of justice. Dr. Falk, the Prussian Minister of Public Worship, is said by the Morning Post to have received, on Tuesday, May 28, on visiting the town of Gosliar, "an ovation more hearty and enthusiastic than has ever been accorded to anyone except the Emperor." The adjourned inquiry, at Epping Petty Sessions, into the charge brought against H. G. King, wholesale chemist, for selling violet powder adulterated with arsenic, lasted seven hours on Friday, May 31st, and was further ad- journed for a week. Medical evidence proved the exis- tence in the accused's powder of from fifteen to fifty-one per cent. of arsenic. He had done all he could to prevent further injury resulting from the use of the powder. A painful sensation was occasioned in the Houss of Commons, on Friday, May 31st, by the announcement of the sudden death, in the library of the House, of Mr. Wykeham Martin, Liberal member for Rochester. Mr. Martin had been warned by his medical atten- dant the day before to abstain from work. A vacancy has also occurred in the representation of South- ampton, by the death of the Right Hon. Russell Gurney, which took place on Friday. The remains of Rossini are at length to be placed in the church of Santa Croce, at Florence, where the Italian Government intend to raise a monument to his memory. By the consent of the Florentine tediles the remains of Madame Rossini are to be buried in the cloister of the same edifice. Advices from the Barbary coast give a terrible account of the results of the prolonged drought in Morocco. Star- vation is said to be threatening the native tribes of Bedouins in the interior. Their fields are completely parched, and there is a great distress. The want of rain causes holders of cattle to sell them at any sacrifice. The Atheweum. says that Mr. Swinburne was invited to attend, as representative of English poetry, the Paris celebration of the Centenary of Voltaire's death, but, un- fortunately, was unable to be present. At M. Victor Hugo's own desire, a seat had been reserved by his side for Mr. Swinburne. Some interesting Roman remains have just been found in Lincoln. Excavations were being carried on near the ola Roman gate known as Newport Arch, when the work- men brought to light several pillars of a Basilica. A num- ber of highly-prized coins have also been picked up, audit is expected that one of the finest Roman buildings in Great Britain will be uncovered. On Friday, May 31st, in the House of Lords, the Thirlmere Water Bill came before the standing order committee, who declared that since its introduction it had been so materially altered in a manner which had not been covered by the parliamentary notices, that they declined to recommend the suspension of the standing orders so as to allow it to proceed. The Bill, therefore, falls through for this session. The Daily News states that at a meeting, held in the Tea Room of the House of Commons, on Thursday, May 30th, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who was present, was strongly urged to give the first place to the Cattle Diseases Bill, even though it might be necessary to drop the County Government Bill, and the Daily News says it is believed that the Government will take this course. The Foreign Relations Committee of the American Congress has agreed to report favourably of the Halifax Fishery Commission Award Bill, and to recommend that the President be authorized to pay the amount of the award if after communication with the English Govern- ment he should deem the payment demanded by national honour. The Senate has adopted the bin for paying the award made by the Halifax Fishery Commission. Eugene Marie Chantrelle was executed in Calton Prison, Edinburgh, on Friday morning, May 31, for poisoning his wife. The culprit slept soundly during the previous night, ate a hearty breakfast, and walked firmly to the scaffold, exhibiting great composure. Marwood was the executioner. He made a statement privately to the Rev. Mr. Wilson, embracing the Christian religion, and entrusting to him the care of his children, but said nothing respecting his crime. New York papers of May 22 describe a fearful steam- boat catastrophe on the Grand River, Ontario. An ex- cursion steamer, the Empress of India, liecame unmanage- able while descending the rapids, and dashed on. amid "the shrieks of all on board, until it came to Gait Fall, when it went over, broadside on, and was dashed to pieces. No one was saved, and sixteen bodies w ¿re recovered immedi- ately, the number lost being unknown. One body re- covered was that of Harry Alaffray, described as a journalist, from England. An amusing question came before the Supreme Court of Scotland on Wednesday, May 29, on an appeal by an Orangeman who had been sentenced to fourteen days' im- prisonment by magistrates for marching through the street playing on a flute the tune of Boyne Water." The Lord Justice Clerk said he did not know the words of Boyne Water," and never knew anybody who did, and remarked that various words were often put to the same tune. Boyne Water" might be played in many places in Scotland with the utmost impunity. The Court quashed the conviction, and gave the released prisoner expenses. Mr. Edison, the inventor of the phonograph, writes, in the North American Review, that we are to have "books of 40,000 words upon a single me'al plate ten inches square"; songs "reproduced with marvellous accuracy and power"; "a doH which may speak, sing, laugh, or "ry,_ may be safely promised our childrrn for the Christmas holidays ensuing7"' and "it will be henceforth possible to preserve for future generations the voices as well as the words of our Washingtons, our Lincolns, our Glad- 5tones, &c., and to have them give ;us 'their greatest sffort' in every town and hamlet in the country upon our holidays. y At a meeting^ of^ operative delegates from the cotton manufacturing districts, held at Accrington, on Saturday, June 1st, it was unanimously agreed that any such pro- posal as that made by Alderman Pickup, of Blackburn, could not be accepted. A proposition, suggested by the mayor of Burnley, that a reduction of 5 per cent. for 0 three months should be accepted, with the understanding that at the expiration of that time another 5 per cent: should be taken off if there should then be no improve- ment in the trade, was adopted, there being only two dissentients. The Voltaire Centenary was celebrated on Thursday, May 30, in Paris, and passed off quietly. There were two great meetings, one at Myers s Circus, the other in the Gattd Theatre. At the latter M. Victor Hugo presided, and delivered a characteristic -speech..He eulogised Voltaire as the friend of justice and the enemy of fanaticism, and, in condemning all wars, said that the true field of battle was that which France presented at this moment in the Universal Exhibition. Ellen Lanigan, who, until lately kept a small sweetmeat and ginger beer shop in Richmond-row, Liverpool, was brought before the stipendiary magistrate on Saturday, June 1st, charged with having drowned her twin children in a field off Stanley-road, on the 17th May. The prisoner admitted the offence, pleading that the father of the children—who is not her husband, the latter having been for some years in a lunatic asylum—had deserted her, and that she w-as was reduced to great privation. She was remanded for a week. The Hong Kong Daily Press., of April 15, gives details of the destruction by the tornado which paesed over Canton on the previous Thursday. The storm levelled all the houses in its course, makinga clean sweet; of every- thing for a width of about 600 feet. The mortality has been variously estimated at from 5,000 to 10,000,.and pro- bably the latter number is nearer tke mark. Nine thousand houses are known to have been destroyed." In the canal more than 100 dead bodies have been found. About 20 streets of houses have been completely swept away, besides a number that were pulled down to st(JI) the course of the great fires which broke out soon after the storm. Upwards of 1,000 boats were wrecked. The supply of coffiRS was nearly exhausted, and the under- takers were charging double prices. The regulations framed by the Local Government Board under the Canal Boats Act, whiefc come itto operation on the 30th June, have just beeR issued, asid these specify the sanitary authorities upoR whom tAe registration of canal boats will devolve. Eighty^fixe canals are mentioned as coming within the scope of tke regulations, which wo vide, with the view of simplify; registration, that where any boat is accustomed or in- tended to ply on a canal on which two or mo-re districts abut, °r on two or more canals, it shall not be n<x;essai\" that such boat should be registered with more than one registration authority. News of the Kaffir war has been received to the 14CI! May. Engagements were fought between the eoionial>] forces and the Kaffirs on the 8th and 12th of May. In: the first engagement a captain, corporal, and two troopers of the frontier light horse were killed. Nothing is said of; the KafSr loss. J le troor,ers fought (]ismounted. In the second engagement, J.) Kaffirs were killed, and of the British force only two Fingoes were slain. The leader of the Galeka rebels has bee captured. In opening the Cape Parliament on the 11th May, the Governor Sir Bartle Frere referred to an, mproved scheme for tiie frontier defences, and to the necessity for increased taxation to meet the expenses of suppressing the Kaffir outbreak. The Peace Society of Liverpool, in petitioning HIP Queen in favour of peace, have drawn her Mvlestv's it tention to the fact that with with a certain music song is published a letter from Sir Thomas Sd'iScon veying, in the name of ner Majesty, her appreciation of the author's motives, and her thanks for his aimnnin'^o verses. The memorialists ask her Majesty to give a con- tradiction to the statement, or to forbid the continued publication of the letter. An official reply has been re- ceived that, the petition has been laid before the Queen.

The St. Louis Journal says that Boston is Chicago's mother-in-law. The Chicago Intelligence.r says :—"Within five minutes after the alarm was given our reporter was on the ground." A rival paper observes :—"We have little doubt of it, if he gave the slightest provocation to the foreman of the Engine Company." The new form of the "Jingo" rhyme (says the Spectator) is pithy and sententious— We don't want to fight, but by Jingo if we do, We won't go to the front ourselves, but we'll send the mild Hindoo. The Cincinnati Enquirer s Essay on Man is in one canto, as follows:— .Man's a vapour, Full of woes; Starts a paper, Busts and goes." | Dr. Cumming ought to be happy It appears (says th Whitehall Review) that at the War Office they were dis cussing the precise spot where a decisive battle would b fought in the event of all the world being at war, and tha they pitched on a coincidence of latitude and longitud which on an old map was named "Armageddon." Whethe: an angel marked this ominous geographical expression oi the old map is not stated. Society at the present time (says the Saturday Review is comparatively indifferent as to whether people are good, clever, sensible, or amusing but there is a universa desire, almost amounting to a frenzy, to meet nice people. To be nice people and to know nice people seem, indeed, to be the aim and object of life in this latter half of the nineteenth century. A Meriden (Conn.) storekeeper has a cat which is nurs- ing several kittens. A few days ago a young rat was caught and thrown into the box in which the mother and family were, the expectation being that they would kill it. Strange to say the cats did not harm it, but the mother adopted it, and is now nursing and feeding it as if it were one of her own family. Since its adoption she has killed several other rats. WEATHER LORE.-After the splashing May we have had this year, the following bits of the wisdom of our ancestors will be interesting :— A dry March and a wet May, Will give a right good stack of hay." When the oak precedes the ash Then you'll only get a splash, But when the ash precedes the oak Then expect a good down soak." These have been often published, but the following, which was repeated to my informant by a gentleman in Oswestry as far back as 1815, I fail to find in any collection of weather proverbs:— When the clay doth feed the sand Then 'tis well for Old England, But when the sand doth feed the clay Then Old England rue the day." M.G. The following is an extract from a review in the Pall Mall Gazette of a book by D.C.L. called The Edu- cation Craze and its results" :—What many will think the most interesting and what all readers must regard as the most amusing pages in The Education Craze" are those devoted to the absurd interrogatories proposed by examiners in Board Schools, and the ludicrous answers which they call forth. Not only do very few of the school children pass the higher standards, but of those who succeed in doing so many seem unable to spell and quite unable to understand the drift of the simplest ques- tions put to them. The cleverest children-those in whom mother wit has not been entirely extinguished beneath heaps of disjointed historical and scientific facts-seem to be those who, instead of answering the examiners accord- ing to their folly, dodge them humorously and reply as though they were dealing with mere propounders of conun- drums. A clockmaker's daughter, called upon to explain the meaning of "the devil and all his works," said that his works" meant his inside. A boy of genius, asked what he understood by poor in spirit," replied, "Them as have little gin left in their bottle." Conscience having been described as "a hinward monitor," the inspector called upon an intelligent pupil to say what a monitor was, when the youth replied, "A hironclad." Such answers as "Turkey is the cappital of Norfolk," "Tureen is the cappital of Chiner"—due to lads who had completed a three years' course at a Metropolitan Boawd School- would pass in a Strand burlesque as jokes. The boy, how- ever-also a certificated three years' student—who gave Devonshire, Exeter, Littikus, Numbers, Stronomy, Jupiter, Judges, Ruth, &c. as the names of the books of the Old Testament was apparently in earnest. So also was that other lad who, full of what Strauss would have called "the stern common-sense of ordinary mankind," said he did not know what a miracle was that if he saw the sun shining overhead at midnight he should call it the moon; that if lie were told it was the sun he should say it was a lie and that if the school examiner in person declared positively that it was the sun he should say that the school examiner was" werry drunk." (From Punch.) CLUB SJIOKING-ROOM.—G.30 p.m.—Octogenarian: "Let me offer you a light, and save you the trouble of getting up!"—Youth: "A-tha-a-nks! So kind of you Octogenarian: "Don't mention it! I always make a point of being civil to rich young men who smoke and drink sherry before dinner!"—Youth "A—why?"— Octogenarian: Well--they might perhaps mention me in their wills, you know 1" THE BILL, THE WHOLE BILL, AND NOTHING BUT THE BILL.-Seven thousand Sepoys at Malta will cost John Bull (see Supplementary Estimate) C748,000, i.e., £100 a man. Black draughts come expensive Throw physic to the dogs!" says Macbeth. "Throw money to the dogs says Britannia. A HARD CASK-Enter Young Husband, who throws himself into a chair, and exclaims—" What! Toothache a gain, Maria? I do call that hard upon a Feller Why, you had Toothache when I left this Morning And here have I been at Epsom all day, with the jolliest lot o" Fellers ever got together in one Drag, and won a pot o' money, and had no end of a jolly time, and I did think I should find something cheerful and jolly to greet a Feller when I got home And there you are Toothttehc again! I do call it hard upon a Feller—precious hard!"

FROM LONDON LETTERS. The Rock states that a prayer meeting was held on Thursday morning at St. Mary Abbotts, for the purpose of supplicating the divine blessing on the appointment of Mr. Carr Glyn to the vicarage of Kensington, vacant by Mr. Maclagan's appointment to the see of Lichfield. The Rock seems a little doubtful about the appointment, but on the whole thinks that the Deity may gire his blessing. Mr. Glyn is the youngest brother of Lord Wolverton, the late Liberal Whip. He is 35 years old was educated at Harrow and University College, Oxford; graduated B.A. in 1867:; was curate of Doncaster from 1868 to 1871: in the latter year was appointed private secretary and chaplain to the Archbishop of York; in 1873 was appointed vicar of St. Mary's and Rector of St. Nicholas's, Beverley; and in 1875 vicar of Doncaster. He is, 1 believe, a moderate Low Churchman.—Lives-pool Mercury. Colonel Stanley the other evening apologized for Ksing what he called "the slang phrase "to settle down." I do not believe it is slang, but that it is honest Queen's English. At any rate it is not such odious slang as the regular Parliamentary slipslop which "alludes "to "the essential feature upon which this question hinges." Nor is it so bad as a remarkable notice of motion given by a learned; member, and duly recorded on the Order Book for this week. This learned member intends to move -11 that, in the opinion of this House, the circumstances -under which Nokwai, a native of Tanna, was put to death on board her Majesty's ship Beagle, on the 25th of Sept. !last, amount in law to the crime of murder, and that her Majesty s Attorney-General be accordingly directed to prosecute the offenders forthwith." The circumstances amount to the crime of murder "Amount," used as verb, is rather a favourite with folk who do not like Anglo-Saxon, and as a rule may be safely avoided. This, however, may be hypercnticism. It is certainly not hyper- critical to say that circumstances cannot by any possibility amount to a crime.—Birmingham, Post A P*rlia™ent Y161;this (Friday:) afternoon', only to talk of death Everybody came down to the House full of the terrible accident in the Straits of Dover, and pressing for information as to the saved. In both Houses the first free question related to this lamentable disaster. In the H<f use of Lords the next question related to the burial of Earl Russell. Lord Beaconsfield made one of his finished speeches in memoriam, annouiicing that Lord Russell was by the Queen's desire, to have been buried in Westminster Abliey, but that in his will he had indicated his desire to be laid with his ancestors at Chenies. While everybody was fcrdking upon this subject poor Mr. Wykeham-Martin who was frll of health and vigour when he entered the 1 House of Commons this afternoon, lamenting as he passed 1 throitgh the lobbies the death of Mr. Russell Gurney- i the news of which had just reached the House-went into i the library and died there in a few minutes. The news of < course came like a thunderbolt. It took the interest out < of everything. The vision of the dead man haunted the i House. The lobby was quiet and subdued. The House 1 was (inly half occupied, and was too mueh impressed for e debate. !(I such an event has occurred since the death of f. Percevai.—Liverpool Post. Who is the mysterious stranger that purloins jewels at the state balls? So many ladies of rank have had to lament the loss of precious ornaments at the Queen's last lall, and agaiu at the Marchioness of Salisbury's reception it the Foreign Office, that a stricter surveillance of invited aersons is to be kept at the doors. It is pronounced im- jossible to place detectives within the rooms. The missing ewels are presuieed to have been picked off during the ;rush and crowdiug of guests, where sleight of hand can- lot be detected. Kleptomania will hardly account for JlCse systematic depi,e(]:ttiong. -Liverpool Post.

POETRY. Y DDYBACCO. The following Welsh poem, by an Archdeacon of Mer- ineth, is from the St. Beuno's Coll. M.S. H.W.L. Dail hirion crinion, nid cryno—mo'u dull, A thrwy ei dwll i sugno; Ffri o'r anadl yw ffroenio, Mwg wr gwrs a megin go'. Daw gynydd y sydd yn sudde-bonedd Yn bennit' tybacco A'r ail fydd ar ei 01 fo, Cam eisus carwsio. Baria cllrwsfa crasfwO'-o'r bibell A'r hobl rhuad ddrwg Lie gwelech hyllu golwg, Chwith yw'r niodd a chwythu mwg. Tra tveh bvw a Kwvch, heli gilr—nag anwyd, Na gwenwyn na llafur Nac arfer, drwy sychder snr, Mwg dail, rhag niagu dolur. EDMWNT PRYS a'i kant.

BYE-GONES. -r- MOTES, QUERIES, and REPLIES, on subjects interesting to Wales and the Borders, must be addressed to ASKEW ROBERTS Croeswylan, Oswestry." Real names and addresses must be given, in confidence, and JISS. must be written legibly, on one eide of the paper oidy.

JUNE 5, 1878. NOTES. AGRICULTURE IN ANGLESEY.—The Sport- ing Magazine for Feb., 1815, says :—So extensive have been the agricultural improvements in Anglesey, by in- I closing and draining, that snipes and wild ducks, formerly so plentiful in that part of the country, have this year to-ally disappeared. F. T. QUERIES. OLD CHURCH TREASURES AT NEWTOWN. ) In Arch. Camb., Jan. 1850, W." writes to ask what, has been done about the ancient rood-screen belonging to this church, also the fate of the altar, with its slab of veined marble," and the "altar-piece, painted and pre- sented by Dyer, the poet, the subject being The Last Supper?" No answer appeared. Where are they all now ? I have not been in Newtown for many years. Is the Old Church still standing ? H. B. REPLIES. ON THE LOCALITY OF MACKERFIELD. (May 22, 1878.) The remaining topics of Mr. Littler's argument are, for the most part, so interwoven together that it may be diffi- cult to take them separately. I propose to deal with them, therefore, in the order in which they naturally occur in the course of my argument. And, as the latter part of Mr. Littler's reasoning turns very much upon the direc- tion that might naturally have been taken in the invasion of Northumbria from Mercia by Penda. I will commence with examining his hypothesis, and the manner in which he brings it to bear upon the conclusion he seeks to estab- lish. Oswestry," he says, "is 40 miles within the terri- tory of Penda, the sovereign of Mercia. Why should Oswald and Penda be fighting at that remote corner of Penda's dominions, unless like duellists they had gone to an obscure corner to have it out privately? But Winwick is in the direct high road of an enemy advancing from Mercia upon an antagonist in Northumbria." Then he proceeds to infer that because the Derbyshire hills on the east, and the Mersey, the Marshes, and Chat Moss on the west, would present impassable barriers to an army invading Northumbria out of Mercia, therefore Oswald would probably have been slain at Winwick, near which has been discovered part of a Roman road running in a northerly direction, rather more than half a mile to the W. of the Church, while the site of St. Oswald's Well is rather more than half-a-mile to the E. of the direction this Roman road would pursue. It will be seen at once that this argument is entirely hypothetical, and proceeds on the assumption that the battle in, or con- sequent whereunon. St. Oswald lost his life, WM frmaht during the progress of an invasion of the Northumbrian territory by Penda towards the north. But the facts of history, so far as they have come down to us, militate wholly against such an assumption, and point really in the opposite direction. To show this it will be necessary to go back a little, so as to trace the course of events from the commencement of the strife up to the date of the last engagement. We must look to the origin of the respective kingdoms of Mercia and Northumbria, and the causes which led Welsh princes to be mixed up in the conflict. It will be remembered that, about the middle of the foregoing century, the Saxon kingdom of Northumbria had been established by Ida, called by the British Fflamdwyn, or the Flame bearer, who landed in England A.D. 547, and, after a series of well fought and bloody engagements, in which he and his Angles were opposed by the heroes of Taliesin's song, Urien Rheged, and his son OweH, by the latter of whom he was at length slain, had succeeded in bringing under his own sovereignty the Cymric territory of Bryneich, called by the chroniclers who wrote in Latin Bernicia, which comprised the county of North- umberland and the south-east coast of Scotland, as far as the Forth and by Ella, or Alia, whose followers were also Angles, who established himself in Deifr, latinized into Deira, which included the counties of Durham, West- moreland, York and Lancaster. These two states appear to have coalesced before the beginning of the 7th century. It is said by some that Ida succeeded in uniting the two territories of Bernicia and Deira into one kingdom, and that at his death they were again separated by Ella, who seized upon Deira for himself. It is certain, however, that Ethelfrith, the grandson of Ida, found himself at his succession in possession of Bernicia only and that Edwin, the son of Ella, who was an infant of three years old at the death of his father, was forcibly ejected by Ethelfrith from his kingdom of Deira. The child, according to the Welsh Bruts, was carried into orth Wales, and educated at the court of Cadvan, King of Gwynedd, together with his own son Cadwallawn. Grown to man's estate, we find him again at the court of Ethelfrith, possibly in consequence of the introduction of a condition to that effect into the terms of the peace made between the latter and Cadvan, who, if the Welsh Bruts are to be believed, had pursued Ethelfrith into the north after the victory gained over him on the Dee by the united forces of the Welsh princes in reparation of the disaster at Bangor Iscoed. According to a uaner hv Mr. Boyd Dawkins in the Archaiologia Gambrensis (iv. 236, 4th Series) in all probability South Lancashire was oc- cupied by the English at this time," when "the Brit- Welsh inhabitants were either put to the sword or com- pelled to become the bondsmen of the conquerors." Thus the establishment of a royal residence in the neighbour- hood of Winwick, even prior to St. Oswald, is fully ac- counted for, but it does not seem to have occurred to Mr. Littler that the local tradition to that effect, taken in com- bination with the inscription on the Church, mili- tates rather against the hypothesis of his death there than for it. "Time was," says the inscription, "when this place, Oswald, pleased thee well." Why ? Because he was slain there ? Is the ghost of a murdered man supposed to haunt the spot where he was murdered simply because he liked it? But the inscription proceeds to say, "Who hadst been king of the Northumbrians, and now pos- sessest the kingdom of the skies, having suffered, in a meadow called Mercelde." Does this look like a reference to a place close to Winwick, itself within the very district of Mackerfield, in which, by the hypothesis, he was slain ? On the contrary, the allusion to the meadow called Mercelde is in the style of one who refers to a distant spot while the word prato meadow seems to agree well with the Codoy of Nennius in giving a distinctive character to the spot, namely, of a wood near water. Edwin, whose life was endangered by the jealousy of Ethelfrith, after a term of houseless wanderings, threw himself on the protection of Redwald, king of E. Anglia who received him hospitably, but, at length, pressed by Ethelfrith, first with bribes, and then with threats of war, consented to betray his guest. Warned by a friend, Edwin, meditating one night in front of the palace on his dismal future, is said to have been consoled by the vision of a person who told him that if he would follow the ad- monitions of one who should teach him the way of salva- tion he should excel in power not only his own ancestors, but all who had ever been kings in England. Then, lay- ing his hand upon his head, he added, When this sign shall be given thee, remember this hour and this discourse.' The sign was afterwards recalled to his recollection by St. Paulinus, when Edwin, after the defeat and death of Ethelfrith at the battle of the Idle in A.D. 617, had been restored to his throne, and extended his conquests so far, that they included even the islands of Mona and Man. Through the agency of St. Paulinus he became a Christian, and married, for his second wife, St. Ethelburga, daughter of Ethelbert, the first Christian King of Kent. We then find him at war with Cadwallawn, Prince of Gwynedd, and by the election of the Cymry, Sovereign Paramount of Britain; but as to the cause of their warfare the history -is so vague and meagre as it has come to us through the Saxon Chroniclers, and, through the Welsh, so entangled with fable, as to leave but little that can be relied on as truth. It appears certain, however, that Cadwallawn was il the first instance so thoroughly discomfited by Edwin that he was chased by him into Wales, and compelled to flee into Ireland, where it is stated in a Triad that he remained for seven years, during which his dominions must have remained in possession of Edwin so that it would seem not impossible that the set- tlement of Angles in Flintshire (in Teg EingL, the fair Angles), and in Angle-sey (the Isle of Angles) may have dated originally from his reign, and subsequently only from those of Egbert, or Edgar, and that from him Ed- win, the founder of one of the Noble Tribes of North Wales, may have derived his name. Cadwallawn, say the Bruts, now took refuge with Selyf, or Solomon, King of Armorica, returned to Britain, and encountered Penda, King of Mercia, whom he de- feated and took prisoner, (a) but having afterwards united with him, and married his sister, they jointly attacked Ed- win, and defeated and slew him. The spot where the battle was fought is stated by both the Saxon and Welsh Chroniclers, to have been Hethfelth, that is, Hatfield Chase in Yorkshire two, however, excepted, Nennius and Annales Cambriae, who place it at Meigen or Meiceren in Powysland. Nennius has bellum Meicen" in which he says Edwin and his sons were slain" ab exercitu Cat- gwouauni regis Gwenedote regionis," and the Ann. Canibriw, A.D., 639. "Gueith Meiceren (MS. B has 'Bellum Meigen') et ibi interfectus est Etguin cum duobus filiis suis: Catguollaaun autem victor fuit." In the Elegy of Cadwallawn the contemporary Bard Llywarch Hen names Meigen as the site of one of his battles. But, as he men- tions only that Meigen was burnt, and is silent on the death of Edwin, he can hardly be said altogether to con- firm the account of the Chronicles. He speaks, however, of two other encampments of Cadwallawn, one on the Severn, and the other on Mynydd Digoll, the Long Mountain. (b) Both are near enough to Oswestry to prove that its neighbourhood was the scene of more than one battle-field between the Cymry and the Saxons; an important fact, because, as has been well remarked, "history repeats itself;" and the same neighbourhood which witnessed the defeat, and perhaps also the death of Edwin, may, by a natural consequence, have witnessed also the defeat and death of Oswald. There is further confirmation of this in the life of Oswald himself; but the rest of my remarks will better, perhaps, be reserved for another paper. H. W. L. (To be Continued.) (a)- Four Ancient Books of Wales Vol. 1, ch. 5, p. 69. (b)-Lluest Cadwallawn ar Hafren, Ac o'r tu draw i Ddygen, A breiaid yn llesgi Meigen. Lluest CMlwalhtwn glodrvdd, Yngw; rphaf Digoll Fynydd, Seith-mii a seith-gad beunydd. An encampment of Cadwallawn on Severn, And on the farther side of Dygen, And men of action burning .Meigen. An encampment of Cadwallawn the renowned, At the foot of the Digoll iiiou,ttin,- Seven months, and seven fights daiiv.

| BUSINESS ADDRESSES. ABERYSTWYTH. E. JOXES, COACHBUILDER, Moor Street, Aberystwyth. CARRIAGES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MADE TO ORDER Repairs executed by First-class Workmen. I JOHN BAKEK, B Khydypenau Farm, Bow Street. Y the request o!: numerous friends has been in- duced to take a VALUER'S LICENCE, and he will be happy to attend to the commands of gentlemen leaving their farms or requiring a Valuer's services con- nected with land or stock. BINDING OF ALL KINDS CHEAPLY AD EXPEDITIOUSLY EXECUTED. ORDERS RECEIVED BY J. GIBSON, 3, QUEEN'S-ROAD, ABERYSTWYTH AGRICULTURAL SEED, 1877. E D W A R D ELLIS, 7 & 8, PRINCESS-STREET, ABERYSTWYTH, BEGS respectfully to return thanks for the kind -L' support given him during the last 25 years in the seed trade, and calls particular attention to the splendid stock he holds this season of all kinds of Agricultural Seeds, Seed Potatoes, Early and Late. ° E. E. begs to acquaint the nobility, gentry, agricul- turists, householders, and others, that he holds an Auc- tioneer and Valuer's Licence. SALES AND VALUATION UNDERTAKEN" WITH CARE. 2200 to E400 may be had on mortgage on freehold property.—Apply to E. ELLIS, Auctioneer and Valuer. FOR SALE, 800,000 BRICKS, Ready for delivery at any station on the Cambrian o Manchester and Milford Ralways. Also GLAZED AND COMMON DRAIN PIPES, RIDGE AND FLOORING TILES, COAL AND LIME, &c., &c. APPLY TO WM. THOMAS, WTiolesale Merchant and Commission Agent, STATION YARD, ABERYSTWYTH. Sole Agent to the Powell Dyffryn Coal Company, whose Coal will be forwarded to any Station on the above Railways. A Cargo of WHITE'S CEMENT will arrive shortly. MRS. E. EVANS'S DINING AND REFRESHMENT ROOMS, 8, Market-street, Aberystwyth. Hot Dinners daily at one o'clock. Roast and Boiled Joints, Chickens, Ducks, &c., always readv. Mrs. Evans begs to call attention to her Pies, Puddings, and Tarts, made daily or to order. Oyster and Veal Patties, Fruit and Preserve Tarts, Cakes, Buns, &c., fresh daily. Tea and Coffee at any hour of the day. GOOD NEWS. CHEAP COAL. Owing to'a favourable contract PETER JONES, Railway Station, Aberystwyth, Is now able to sell for cash on delivery BEST NEWPORT, 16S. per ton. BEST RUABON, IGs., Booking Price, 2s. extra. 1'APEK HANGING WAREHOUSE. T. THOMAS, PAINTER, &c., 12, Darkgate Street, Aberystwyth. A CHOICE STOCK OF PAPER HANGINGS, From the Best Manufacturers. CHIMXEY AXD OTHER GLASSES. A Good Assortment of OLEOGRAPH PAINTINGS, PHOTOS, &c. Pictures framed in Gold, &c. All kinds of Moulding for Frames Paints, Oils, Varnishes, Glass, Lead, Closets, &c., &<;• at very moderate terms. T. & W. BUBB, PAINTERS, PLUMBERS, GLAZIERS, GAS- FITTERS, HOUSE DECORATORS, PAPER HANGERS, & GENERAL HOUSE FURNISHERS, Terrace-Road, Aberystwyth, and Newtown. Agent for Broner's BURNERS, and Wright's GAS STOVES. ESTIMATES FOR WORK OX APPLICATION. Agents for Atkins & Co.'s Patent CHARCOAL BLOCK WATER FILTERS. GADD'S PATENT REVERSIBLE HANDLE PERAMBULATORS. BATHS AND PERAMBULATORS OXfifHIRE. DOLGELLEY. ———— JAMES B. MEE, FISHMONGER, GAME DEA'LER, FRUITERER, &c., &c. Bridge End House, Dolgelley. Constant Supplies of various kinds of fresh Fish, Game, &c. according to Season. ORDERS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO, And anything not on hand procured on the shortest notice. Ice always on hand, and supplied by the pttund and UptKirds. SIT Note the Address :— Bridge End House, Dolgelley. RICHARD ELLIS, Unicorn Lane, Dolgelley, GENERAL BILL STICKER, POSTER MESSENGER, &c. Contracts may be made with Auctioneers and Publishers MR. CROSSLEY, Organist of the Parish Church, Dolgelley, RECEIVES PUPILS. Organ, Pianoforte, Harmonium, Singing, and Harmony. Bank Buildings, Dolgelley. When you ask for Reckitt's Paris Blue See that you get it, as bad qualities are often substituted. j i -¿p- JL L A X L I E SHORTEST OCEAN" PASSAGE TO k M E R_I C A I HALIFAX, CANADIAN. AND eXITED STATES • MAIL. COMPOSED OF TWENTY FIHST-CLASS STEAMERS. I r>n vnlp w IvPOOL every THURSDAY, and LOX- ] DERRY every FRIDAY, for HALIFAX OUE- Bt(' PORTLAND, and BALTIMORE. Through p'm a t0j 0X' XEW YORK, PHILADEL- T 'x^ points m CANADA and the STATES Low x ares and excellent Accommodation. lassengers who secure their Tickets before leaving home are met at the Railway Station by an appointed Agent of the Company, who takes charge of them until they go on board the Steamer. T> 11- »Government grants ASSISTED PASSAGES by the ALLAN" LINE. iv l.he Pamphlet "LORD DUFFERIN iiS 1A.-NI10BA. Apply to ALLAN BROTHERS and Co., Liverpool or -Londonderry, or to Apply to ALLAX BROTHERS and Co., Liverpool or Lon(ionderry, or to Or to the Agents- EV"L" JONES, Builder, Bala. 1. T. PARRY, The Bazaar, Cross-street, Oswestry. "WHITE STAR" LINE ROYAL AND UN ITED STATES MAIL STEAMERS. OTICE.-The steimers of this lme take the Lane Routes recommend- ed y Lieutenant Maury, on both the Outward and Home- ward passages. LIVERPOOL to NEW YORK Forwarding Passengers to all parts of the United State and Canada. These well known magnificent Steamers are appointed to s.T weekly as under, carrying her Majesty's and the Lniti'd States Mails: From LIVERPOOL. ADRIATIC Tuesday. June 11 Thursday, June 20 Tuesday, June 25 GERl\fAXIC Thursday, July 4 BALTIC Tuesday, July 9 From NEW YORK. BRTTANSIC Saturday, June 1 CELTIC Thursday, June 6 From QUEENSTOWN the following day. These splendid Vessels reduce the passage to the shortest possible time, and afford to Passengers the highest degree of comfort hitherto attainable at sea. Average passage Si days in Summer, 9J davs in Winter. Each V essel is constructed in seven water-tLht conmart- ments. The Saloon, Ladies' Boudoir, State Rooms, and Smok- ing Looms are amidships, and are luxuriously furnished and litted with all modern conveniences pianos, libraries, electric bells, bath-rooms, barber's shop, &c. Saloon Passage, 15, 18, and 21 guineas Return Tickets at reduced rates. The Steerage accommodation is of the rem hiohest charac- ter, the rooms are unusually spacious, well lighted, ventilated, ami warmed, and passengers of this class will find their com- foi-t c arefuUif studied, and the provisioning unsujyxisxed. Stewaidesses iR Steerage to attend the Women and Children. Drafts issued on New York free of charge. For Freight or Passage apply to J. D. HUGHES, 1, Railway Terrace, Aberystwyth. ISMAY, IMRIE AND Co., 10, Water-street, Liverpool, And 34, Leadenhall Street, LONDON, E.C. BUSINESS ADDRESSES BARM 0 UTH. — HUGiT iJWES, GOMERIAN HOUSE, BARMOUTH, PHOTOGRAPHER. BEDFORD'S AND OTHER ARTISTS' VIEWS. WINDSOR AND NEWTON'S ARTISTS' MATERIALS AND COLOURS. STATIONERY. LADIES AND CHILDREN S UNDERCLOTHING. 1) R A P E r, Y- A GOOD STOCK OF HATS, BOXXETS, & MILLIXERY Always on hand. PORTMADOC ROBERTS, LEWIS, & CO., GENERAL MERCHANTS, PORTMADOC. ROBERTS, LEWIS, & Co., beg to announce that they have opened new and commodious premises near the Cambrian Railway Station, Portmadoc, where they have a large assortment of goods. The Builders' Department. consists of Kitchen Ranges—close and open fire, Regis- ter Grates, Sham Registers, Mantel Shams. Mantel Pieces, Marble Chimney Pieces, Cast and Sheet Iron Ovens, Sash Weights, Eaves Troughs. O.G. and other Ornamental Guttering, Rain Water Pipes, Stove Pipes, Wrought Iron Pipes-bhck and galvanized, Sheet Lead and Zinc, Glazed Sanitarv Pipes, Bricks Pavino- and Ridge Tiles, Chimney Tops', Cement, Plaster Paris. ° The Agricultural Implement Department. consists of Mowing and Reaping Machines, Haymakers, Horse Rakes, American Rakes, Chaff Cutters, Turnip Pulpers and Slicers, Machinery for bruising, grinding, and splitting Grain, Winnowing Machines, Ploughs, Cul- tivators, Chain Harrows, Zig-zag Harrows, Clod Crushers Held Rollers, Mangold and Turnip Drills. Wrought Iron Gates, Hurdles and Continuous Fencing, Waggons Carte and Market Cars, by all the leading makers. The Mine And Quarry Department. consists of i Circular J^late Saws, liles Oc^a^on Cast Steel (L), Blister Single and Double Sheer Steel, Cast Steel and Iron Hammer Moulds, Crucible Cast Steel Waggon Wheel and Axles, -Bar, Rod, Hoop and Sheet Iron, Pumps, Crane and Rock Chains, Wire Ropes for inclines, Anvils, Vices, Smiths' Bellows and Tue Irons, Portable Hearths, Machine Belting, Oils for Machinery, Fuse, Dynamite. AGENTS FOR NOBEL'S EXPLOSIVES CO. Applications for quotations are invited. Second Hand • Quarry Materials bought and for sale. BEXSON'S 'VATCHES. 'Yatch and Clock Maker to the Queen and Royal Family, and by Special appointment to the Prince of Wales and Emperor of hill^London reet' and (3team Factory) Ludgate- T>ENSON'S WATCHES of every description, suit- P) able for all climates, from £2 to 200 guineas. Chrono- graphs, Chronometers, Keyless, Levers, Presentation, Repeaters, Railway Guards, Soldiers, and Workmen's Watches of extra strength. ENSO-N"S ARTISTIC ENGLISH CLOCKS, decorated with Wedgwood and other wares, designed bo suit any style of architecture or furniture also as novelties for presents. Made solely by Benson. From £5 5s. BENSON'S PAMPHLETS on TURRET CLOCKS, B atches, Clocks, Plate, and Jewellery. Illustrated, sent post free each for two stamps. Watches seat safe by )ost. Benson's new work, "Times and Time Tellers'' s. 6d. "SANITAS." This incomparable colourless Fluid is the most powerfu1 cleanly, and agreeable Disinfectant and Antiseptic known! A REALLY MARVELLOUS DISCOVERY." "SAKITAS" is the best preventive against the KJ spread of Small-pox, Typhoid Fever, Scarlet ,?VTeri ?ay £ ever> Foot-and-mouth, Cattle, and all Infectious Diseases. IT IS NON-POISONOUS, and has no injurious action on the finest clothing, fur- niture, carpeting, &c. It is strongly recommended by the highest medical authorities. SA-NIT AS" is the only preservative of BEER kept in the house two fluid ozs., costing a few pence should be added to the 9-gallon cask." 46 SANITAS should be used in every LAUNDRY to bleach the clothes and prevent the spread of infec- tion. Half a pint should be added to every 20 gallons » of water used in rinsing the clothes. ° Prices.—Bottles, ht Quality only, Is., Is. 6d. 2s Gd • or in bulk, 1st Quality, 20s. per gallon, 2nd Quality, 5s. TOILET "SANITAS." This preparation is the most luxurious of its kird • ChfllElSCS breath^ aUd PreV6ntS d6ntal I» bSSK '•' SA c;n ^cation to the A XTTT A 5 I -T L00ROate-street, London, E.C» DruSistV J- J* Ta/ be ¥d of Chemists and Wholesale Druggists, or direct from the Company. THE LEADING PAPER FOR CARDIGANSHIRE, MERIONETHSHIRF snr-ra CARNARVONSHIRE, &c. SULIJ± J^EUVERED by Post, or at any Station on the -x-x Cambrian. Great Western, or ATin/.v>a-+^ Milford Railway, for Twelve Months, for & Sd in ad^ vance. THE CAMBRIAX XEWS. Delivered by agent, (through whom it mav be (Jrder) on Iriday morning, for twelve mor.ths, forijs. 6d. in ad- v-trce, all the ilace,, mentioned in Ollr List of Ag-ents Published by J. GIBSON, Abervstwyth JACOB JONES, Bala; t D. LLOYD, Portmadoc.