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-.FROM THE PAPERS.I ""\.'--vrv'"\f'."'\.,-''-'''''''''''''"\,.''''''''''''''''-.
FROM THE PAPERS. "vrv'f' The fifth" cocoa tavern" established in Bristol was opened on Thursday, May 2, at Bedminster. It was stated that at each of the four temperance taverns already in operation in the city the average attendance of cus- tomers is between 700 and sot:) daily. A teleg"am from Calcutta announces that Mr. Cooper, the British Political Agent at Bhamo, in Burmah, has been assassinated, as well as two Sepoys, by the Sepoy Guard. The crime is not supposed to be due to political mo ives. Respecting the extensive strike in the cotton trade, there is little to report beyond the display of such firmness on both sides, as to give little hope of the threatened general lockout being averted by compromise. A young woman, who was acquitted at the last Leeds Assizes of a charge of concealment of birth, brought an action in the County Court on Monday, May 6, again*<. Dr. Heald, the police surgeon, for assaulting her, by medically examining her in prison against her consent, by order of the chief constable. The jury awarded her £23 damages. Mr. Gathorne Hardy is gazetted a peer, by the title of Viscount Cranbrook, of Hemsted, in the county of Knt. His seat for the University of Oxford, which he has repre- sented since the general election of 18G5, is thus vacated. It will be contested by Mr. John Gilbert Talbot, M.P. for West Kent, in the Conservative interest, and Professoi Smith, in that of the Liberals. An inquest was held at Wasdale Head, Cumberland, on Saturday, May 4th, on the body of the Rev. James Jackson, formerly incumbent of Rivington, Lancashire, who had been killed whilst making the asce it of the famous Pillar Rock. A verdict of "Accidental death" was returned. Mr. Jackson, who was eighty-two years of age, made it an annual practice to climb the Pillar on May Day. The shareholders of the Leeds Public Cocoa-houses Company are divided in opinion upon the question of opening the houses on Sundays. After a two hours' dis- cussion, at a meeting held on Friday evening, May 3, a vote was taken for and against the proposal, and the Mayor declared that the majority were in favour of Sun- day opening. The minority were dissatisfied and a poll was demanded. On Monday night, May 6th, a shocking case of murder and attempted suicide took place in Nottingham. Thomas Cholerton, costermonger, who has been separated from his wife for a long time, has recently kept company with Jane Smith a charwoman. On Sunday, they quarrelled, and at nine o'clock on Monday night,■while they were walking through Notintone-street,, he cut her throat with a razor, and then tried to cut his own, but was prevented. The woman died about five minutes after the injuries had been inflicted. When arrested, Cholerton begged of them to give him the razor, saying that he loved her, and wanted to die with her.. Mr. Ray, a Sunderland ratepayer, objecting to an out- lay of some £2 000 by the Corporation of the borough for entertaining General Grant, on the occasion of the open- ing of a Free Library and Museum, the matter has come before the Queen's Bench. The Lord Chief Justice said the borough rate could only be applied to the actual ex- penses of carrying out the Municipal Act, and the rates could not be applied to defray such charges as were pro- posed by the Corporation in this case. A rule was granted for a certiorari to quash the resolution of the Corporation for the payment of these expenses. Sir F. Goldsmid, M.P., has met with his death by acci- dent. He arrived by train at the Waterloo Station fifteen minutes late, and he left the train before it had stopped, slipped, and was sadly crushed. It is not known that he had any special engagement. to account for his haste. His right foot was severely bruised by the step of the carriage, which cut the boot across the ankle, his pelvis was smashed, and a number of his ribs were broken. He also complained of injury to his chest. When taken up he was supposed to be dead. but consciousness soon re- turned. When taken to St. Thomas's he asked what hos- pital it was, and when informed expressed his satisfaction that he was taken to the one of which he was one of the Governors. He lived nearly an hour after his arrival. His last words were, Do not disturb me let me die in peace."
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I TIPYN 0 BOB PETH._____
TIPYN 0 BOB PETH. The new peer, Viscount Cranbrook (Mr. liaray), was educated at Shrewsbury School. Lord Mostyn has been elected Chairman of the Holy- well Board of Guardians for the 44th time. The memorial stone of a new Calvinistic Methodist chapel was laid at Minera on Wednesday, May 1. el, It is stated that all the publicans of Pwllheli have signed a paper in favour of Sunday closing. "Flintshire county gaol has been closed against the re- ception of prisoners. There are now only two gaols open in North Wales—Carnarvon and Ruthin. At the last meeting of the Mold Local Board it was re- solved to proceed against a voter for alleged tampering with voting papers. The death is announced of Mr. John Davies, tool manu- facturer, of Hope, the father of seventeen children, eleven of whom are alive. The marriage of Mr. H. W. Thorn to Miss Nest Lloyd, daughter of the Rev. T. R. Lloyd (Estvn)$has been celebrated with public rejoicings at Llanfynydd. Robert Parry, a collier working at the Ffrwd colliery, near Wrexham, was killed by a fall of coal on Wednes- day, May 1. The Vicar of Wrexham has undertaken the erection of an iron church for the military and civilian population of Hightown, Wrexham. John Jones, carrier, Bettws-y-Coed, has been sent to gaol for a month, without the option of a fine, by the Llanrwst magistrates, for working a horse whilst it was in an unfit state. Old :frs. Hughes, who is well known to many of our readers as a vendor of tracts and hymns, some of which were of her own composition, died at Portmadoc last week. g Through the kindness of friends, her remains were removed to Pontrobert, to which place she belonged. In consequence of the legal decision in the case of Till- yardv. Hertford College,Mr. Watkin Williams,M.P. pro- poses to ask the Government whether it is their inten- tion to bring in a Bill to amend the University Tests Act. At Newport (Salop) last week, James Bryson was committed for trial for obtaining employment in repairing weighing machines by falsely representing that he was connected with Messrs. Avery's establishment at Bir- mingham. The rector of Msrthyr should be appointed chaplain general to the jingoes. In a sermon to the volunteers the other day, he called the Czar an "old hypocrite," and the Emperor of Germany" a sentimental, sanctimonious old Tarhaffe." The music halls could not beat that. The affairs of the Northern Bank (Mr. Connor) have again been before the Bankruptcy Court at Manchester. The bankrupt, in his examination, said his difficulties began with a heavy loss through forged bills which were drawn upon a Manchester House. The proceedings were again adjourned. 1 Archdeacon Allcii delivered his annual charge last week. He referred to the good which might be effected by Mr. Stanley Leighton's Ecclesiastical Insurance Bill, and said he could think of no real ground of opposition to It, except that it would diminish the profit of the Insurance Offices, which seemed to him unreasonable in amount. The customary procession of workmen, horses, and drays employed in the Wrexham Breweries took place on May Day. At the close of the proceedings, Mr. Walker's men were, as usual, each presented with a new black hat and blue serge jacket. Mr. Walker entertained a number of friends, inclucling,-Itlie Hon. G. T. Kenyon, at luncheon. A set of new coaches which made up a train on the Great Western Railway and passed Gobowen on Friday, excited considerable attention. The train consisted of two first class carriages, one second class, and three third. The latter, in which there was plenty of width, had com- fortably cushioned backs and seats, the second-classes were cushioned up to the shoulders, and provided with racks, patent ventilators, roof lights, &c., complete. The first class coaches are fitted up in luxurious style. In the case of James Potter, who was found dead in one of the pits at the Ffrith colliery, near Brymbo, the coroner's jury returned a verdict "that the deceased had come to his death by falling down a shaft at the Ffrith colliery in consequence of the said shaft not being fenced in accord- ance with the Mines Regulation Act. The coroner pointed out that there was no footpath through the colliery, and that no one could be held criminally responsible for the death of the deceased. Ma>ifair says the day after the papers had stated that the damage to his windows had been assessed at £ 3 10s., Mr. Gladstone received a badly-written letter from a working man, enclosing the exact sum. The writer said that he and his family had felt so ashamed of the great statesman's windows having been broken, by anyone calling himself a working man, that thsy had scraped together the sum to pay for the damage. The Bishop has opened a school called the Chester School for Girls," at Chester. It was stated that the school was intended to meet the wants of a large class of girls that it started with the principle not only that provision should be made for religious teaching, but that all the proceedings of a school should be leavened by Christian faith and good feeling; and that the religious instruction should be in accordance with Church of Eng- land doctrine. Subscriptions in aid of the school will be required. Replying to an invitation to address a representative meeting at Merthyr, on the Eastern Question, Mr. Glad- stone writes, expressing his hearty thanks for the sym- pathy and support extended to him by the people of South Wales. He cannot, at present, however, visit them but may at some future time do so. Mr. Gladstone points out that he had already consented to receive the Welsh n:>" 1 n'ld'-ess on Wednesday at Hawarden, conjointly with a Manchester address. ine icev. John Parry, now rector ofLlanarmon Dyffr/n Ceiriog, Denbighshire, having been upwards of II years curate in sole charge of the parish of Radyr, Glamorgan- shire, was a few days ago presented with a handsome silver cup, bearing the following inscription Presented, as a token of respect, with a purse of money, to the Rev. John Parry, oytne parishioners of Radyr, and friends at Ton- gwvnlais, upon his departure for Llanarmon, 12th April, 1878." The testimonial was presented to Mrs. Parry, in her husband's absence, at Radyr Court, by Mr. Jacob Lewis, churchwarden, and some of the principal farmers, Mr. David showing great hospitality on the occasion. May Day at Knutsford was celebrated in the most ela- borate manner. The Queen of the May, a bright and dignified little girl of eight or nine, selected by a commit- tee of ladies for her constant attendance at school and gen- eral good conduct, was driven in an open carriage adorned with blue rosettes and drawn by four prancing greys. She was surrounded by a bevy of maids of honour; her shep- herd and shepherdess, with straw hats and crooks, were seated in front, and her pages, with powdered wigs and three-cornered hats, behind. In the procession which escorted the carriage were a number of morris dancers, who went through their quaint performances royal jesters in a tandem donkey cart; the First Royal May Day Foot Guards in crimson coats and dark blue pants Foresters in Lincoln green, with Robin Hood and Little John the Court Falconer, with hawks on hand, and, not to mention others, a company of tiny Royal Beef-eaters, and the representatives of various trades. The way is kept by ;miuia,ture policemen, who are almost all helmet; and when the Queen has been crowned on the village "TPen. there is feastinc for the school children. O. Mr. Copner Wynne Edwards's remarkable and danger- ous resolution was not carried at Denbigh School Board on Thursday. A compromise was arrived at. The reso- lution was-" That, having regard to the observations made by the Inspector to our Clerk, and the resolution passed at the meeting of the 7th of March, as the santion for the discipline and moral teaching of the Board Schools, the teachers be directed ,to tell the children that untruth, disobedience, idleness, and all bad and sinful conduct is wrong, beeause we are taught in the Bible that such things are contrary to the will of God," and the result of such teaching, as every body except Mr. Copner Wynne Edwards can see, would be, to weaken the sanctions of morality. Everybody who be- lieves in the Bible believes that untruth is wrong, and those who do not accept the inspiration of scriptures ar- rive at the same rules of moral conduct from other start- ing-points. By Mr. Wynne Edwards's theory of edu- cation, a rejection of the doctrine of inspiration would in- volve a repudiation of the claims of morality And this is how the children of elementary schools are to be trained in the way they should go. By the way, if the teachers are to instruct them that all bad and sinful conduct is wrong," they might at the same time teach them that "all good and righteous conduct is right," and that black is not white. Possibly it would save mental and moral con- fusion if excellent men like Mr. Edwards were content to accept the fact that right is right and wrong is wrong everywhere, in the Bible and out of it, without trying to make morality dependent upon the acceptance of their own theological views. The Church papers have given us their views of the appointment to the Bishopric of Lichfield. The Guardian says Mr. Maclagan "is an able and energetic man, with much breadth of sympathy, and great powers as a preacher." The Church Tunes is quite sure that no useful work in the diocese of Lichfield will suffer, if only his health be spared him." Church Bclh says that "not being identified with any party, nor suffering himself to be drawn into the heat of controversy," Mr. Maclagan "preserves always that quiet spirit in which is one great secret of his power," and that "to him belongs, with Mr. Wilkinson, and now, happily, a large band of other clergy, the praise of showing that sound Churchmanship is thoroughly consistent with being as Evangelical as the Gospels themselves, and that a clergyman may be a true Catholic without ostentatiously disobeying even Privy Council judgments, and witl i out op posing and thwarting his own or any other bishop." The Record "cannot altogether conscientiously approve of the appointment," but "when we remember how very much worse were rumoured, we cannot but express a certain sense of relief that it is not more objectionable." The Hock says" Mr. Maclagan's temper is unimpeachable, his perseverance admirable, and his zeal in what he believes to be his Master's service in- disputable, but his theology is incoherent," which means that the Rock does not like it. He will attend a Bible meeting and a retreat at Mr. Bickersteth s, but he will also introduce the three hours' agony into his church on Good Friday. In other words, he is a man of no particular sect in the Church, and therefore, one would think, in that respect, the very man for a bishopric but the Rock is disturbed. Nevertheless, it finds comfort. It is satisfactory to hear him speak of our separation from Rome as that which he trusts we shall never be ashamed to call the blessed Reformation Let him study the same in the light of prophecy and history, and all may yet be well." Poor Bishop! He will have little time to study prophecy and history, or the columns of the Rock-
[No title]
SUBSTITUTE FOR AIILK.-The editor of the Medical Mirror has called the notice of the medical pro- fession to Cadbury's Cocoa Essence, which he calls Cad- bury's Concentrated Vegetable Milk, and remti-],zs:- "The excess of fatty matter has been carefully eliminated and thus a compound remains which conveys in a minimum bulk a maximum amount of nutriment. We strongly recommend it as a diet for children."
WISE AXD FOULISH VIRGINS.
All the pedestrian* who recently competed at the {Agricultural Hall for Sir John Astley's prize were, it I appears, smoker^. Thetis easily understood—a pro- fessional walker would be nothing without his backer. —J ad y. LAWSOX'S LAIV-I ON TEMMJUANOE.—Never be "Intoxi- cated" with delight. Kever" drink" in sweet sounds. Never have a "bumper" at a benefit. Never buy mn.sic of "Boosey." Be an ofEcial (when you can) "liquid- hater." And, ladies, never be fond of yoi-ir glass. it. Some paragraphs have recently appeared adverse to the "Corporation of the Sons of the L Clergy." We really cannot see anything very dreacftftl in a clergyman's son having a corporation, especially if he be somewhat broad in his views. and more or less of stout principles.-Fuil. Ax OLD FKIEND.—A recent number of Mai/fair con- tains-the following story Fred. Whitestock was sum- moned suddenly the other day to see a sick labourer. The man had been a local Bradlaugh—a thorn in the side of the worthy curate. What induced you to send for me, rny good man?' quoth Fred., in his gentlest tone, as he approached the sufferer's bedside. What does a saa?' growled the sick man, who was deaf, appealing to his wife. E saas—what the deuce (lid yer send for 'im for?' bawled back the wife." It will perhaps interest some of your readers to hear the history of this story, which is an old friend. Some years ago a lady, one of the congregation attending the chapel in which the Rev. James Parsons, of York, preached, told me that one evening, in company, she heard Mr. Parsons—who though famed as a preacher had a weak voice—tell the story how, when sent- for to visit a sick pugilist who was somewhat deaf he had asked the question, What induced you, &c." The rest of the story Is much the same as given now in Mayfair. I thought it too good to be lost, so I sent it up to the late Air. Shirley Brooks, and it appeared in Punch', with a picture illustrating it; and a young 'curate instead of an old Nonconformist minister as the parson. JARCO. WISE AXD FOULISH VIRGINS. [> rom Punch. Ah. happy France! Grave English, philosophic Germans, sneer At thee for shallow, frivolous, unwise, And s.un themselves in one another's eyes, For height and depth of mind, for vision clear. Here's Germany, with scarce the strength to stand Under the loads of past and promised wars, Debts, quarrels, social feuds, religious jars, And drill, drill, drill, through her land's breadth and length. And here is England arming to the teeth, And to War's Maelstrom drifting on and on— A War that she is of two minds upon Its cause a mist of wild words hid beneath. While France, her debts paid, healed her scars of fight, Her Parties muzzled, if not merged in one, Her feuds in Church and State bid to be done, To her great Peace-Show doth the World invite- Ah, happy France A CONTRADICTION. These- Lancashire strikes Are the worst civil war. And the less that they loom The larger they are !—Punch.
FROM LONDON LETTERS.
FROM LONDON LETTERS. It may perhaps have been reported in the newspapers, although I have not seen it in print, that Philo Christus," which is making some stir, is by Mr. Llewellyn Davies. I believe that there is no doubt he is the author, and to write such a book was a bold thing for a clergyman of the Established Church to do. There is some curious infor- mation in "Philo Christus" about the traditions of the Jewish Scribes. For Example, it was a sin to wear a dress on the Sabbath to which any ornament was pinned. If the ornament was sewn to the garment it became part of it, but if it was pinned it became a burden, and it was not lawful to bear burdens on the Sabbath. Happening to read this out loud to a certain lady of my acquaintance, and, expecting an exclamation of surprise, I was met with the remark that her servants were just as hypercritical. The nurse had no objection to pin a collar in the child's frock on a Sunday, but she thought it a sin to sew one in. So it is that custom blinds our eyes. Our minute distinctions on many points are as absurd as thosfe of the Rabbis.—Bir- mingham Post. Mr. Gladstone on ox-tail soup" is the latest manifes- tation of the ex-Premier's activity. The Times is a little sarcastic upon him for his readiness to speak on every conceivable subject, from Homer's rainbow to cookery, from the ruins of Troy and the sorrows of the Bulgarians to American axes and the Hawarden soup kitchen. But is this quite fair ? How would any one of us like to have a reporter dogging one's heels, and to have one's remarks taken down whenever one said a few words to a clas-s of I Sunday scholars or addressed a remark to a street beggar ? The world would suppose that we were always talking, even though we were not more loquacious than the ma- jority of persons. It is not that ilr. Gladstone talks more, but that everything which he says in a village or writes on a post-card is thought worth publication. This is rather hard upon a public man. It is bad enough for some men to have even their public utterances reported. I see for instance, that Mr. Roebuck has been telling the Saddlers' Company that England ought to go to war "to maintain the glory, the power, and the safety of the norM," so that we may expect to hear of reinforcements being ordered from the moon, and that Colonel Stanley has purchased the horses of the sun. This kind of stuff is a good deal less useful than talk about ox-tail soup.Lit-er- pool Mercury. One of the events of the recent agitation on the Eastern question is the utter collapse of the Times as a power in the country. Its vacillation has brought it to such a pitch that the meanest of all the London newspapers is probably of more authority. Nobody looks to it for a definite opinion, and since Mr. Walter was blackballed at the Athemeuni its hesitation has increased. Years ago the Times did really shape the minds of men, and spoke so plainly upon great questions that it was called the Thun- derer. Could any name be more inappropriate now? Is there anything less like thunder than the timid squeak of its editorials ? It has lost, too, its power of characterisa- tion. It delights to call Mr. Hardy a hard hitter, as it did the morning after his speech at Bradford. If there is one thing which Mr. Hardy is not it is a hardhitter, un- less hardhitting means much muscular energy and a big bull voice. Mr. Hardy was always famous for eliciting roars of cheers from his Conservative friends behind him, but he was always famous also for never going near the point; and surely if hardhitting is anything, it is a power of discerning the kernel of a controversy and of crushing it. This Mr. Hardy never could do. What he does is to diverge invariably into rhetoric. If he has to talk about the Eastern question he steers clear altogether of the difficulties, and prefers to bring down the House by expa- tiation on the greatness of England, and on the well-known fact that our flag waves in every clime. To shake the walls of the place where the Bradford Conservatives were assembled by informing them that our colonies would rush to our aid is not hardhitting, but bunkum—even if it were declaimed by cannons and steam whistles, assisted by all the drums of all the regiments in England.—Birmingham Post. There is still talk of a Dissolution. I don't think, however we shall hear much more on this subject. Some time a"o' Lord Beaconsfield and some of his colleagues in the Peers were most desirous of an appeal to the constitu- encies. I believe, however, that Sir William Dyke strongly opposed the proposal, and in doing so he spoke on behalf of a large number of the Conservative members. The truth is many of these gentlemen are by no means willing to bear so soon again the expense of an election. Many of them spent extremely large sums in gaining their seats; and they think—and have openly declared this view—that they have a right to enjoy their dearly- purchased places as long as the statute permits. Recent electoral events have come to the assistance of these views. South Northumberland and Tamworth have given a severe lesson. The first fruits of this bitter experience is seen at Southwark, where Colonel Beresford has been induced by the Tory wire-pullers to withdraw his resigna- tion. Our English Conservatives are in one repect like the Bonapartists. At one moment they shout for a plebiscite the next they shrink from all popular contact. What to-day is called the solemn verdict of the nation, is to-morrow denounced as the delirium of the mob.—Bir- mingham Post.
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Routh, physician to the Samaritan Hospital for Women and Children declares Among the vegetable substances Du Barrv's Revalenta Arabica is the best, as it contains all the ele- ments of milk," and that under its influence many women and children affected with atrophy and marked debility have com- pletely recovered." Dr. William Wallace Elmslie, of 7, Seafield Brighton W., writes to the Laitcet Du Barry's Food is worth its weight in gold." Cure No. 89,915 Twenty-five years' incredible miseries from chronic dyspepsia, nervousness, sleeplessness, low spirits, debility, and swellings all over to double my natural size—miseries I endured, and for which I tried the best advice in vain. For five months I have lived en- tirely on Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food. I never felt so well in my life as I do now, all the swelling and nervousness hav- ing left me. I sleep well and feel happy, CHAKLES Tuso-N.- Monmouth, 30th of August, 1876." Du Barry's Revalenta Ara- bica Food (suitably packed forall climates) sells: In tins of ilb. at 2s. lib, 3s. 6d.; 21b., 6s.; 51b., 14s.; 12s. 32s. 24lb., 60s. Du BARRY'S REVALENTA ARABICA CHOCOLATE.—Powder in tin canisters for 12 cups at 2s. 24 CUDS, 3S. (KL. 48 cups, 6s.; 288 cups, 34s.; 57t') cups 64s. Du BARRY'S REVALENTA BisculTl,They soothe the most irritable stomach and nerves, in nausea and sickness, even in pregnancy or at sea, heartburn, and the feverish, acid, or bitter taste on waking up, or caused by tobacco or drinking.—lib., 3s, 6d.; 21b., 6s.; 51b., 15s.; 121b., 32s.; 241b., 60s. Du BARRY AND CO., LIMITED, No. 77, Regent-street, London, W., and through all Grocers and Chemists in the world.—Sold in this district: Cam-trvon Nlr. Roberts, grocer. Pugli and Pritchard, 33, Pool-street Festiniog—R. Parry, general dealer. Llanrwst—Jos. Fincliett, grocer. Machynlleth—T. Brers, grocer. Tlios. Rets, grocer. Newtown, Mont.—R. Lloyd, jun., grocer. I ( BUSINESS ADDRESSES. | E. JOXES, COACH BUILDER, Moor Street, Aberystwyth. CARRIAGES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MADE TO ORDER Repairs executed by First-class Workmen. JOHN BAKER, I Rhydypenau Farm, Bow Street. BY the request of numerous friends has been in- duced to take a VALUER'S LICENCE, and he will be happy to attend to the commands of gentlemen leaving their farms or requiring a Valuer's services con- nected with land or stock. BINDING OF ALL KIXDS CHEAPLY AND EXPEDITIOUSLY EXECUTED. -=.; ORDERS RECEIVED BY J. GIBSON, 3, QUEEN',S-ROAD, ABERYSTWYTH AGRICULTURAL SEED, 1S77. S D W A R LT~ ELLIS, 7 & 8, PRINCESS-STREET, AB2HYSTWYTH, BEGS respectfully to return tlmnks for the kind JD support given him during the last 23 years in the seed trade, and calls particular attention to the splendid stock he holds this season of all ki-nds of Agricultural Seeds, Seed Potatoes, Early and Late. E. E. begs to acquaint the nobility, gentzv, agricul- turists, householders, and others, that he holus an Auc- tioneer and Valuer's Licence. SALES AND VALUATIOX UNDERTAKEN WITH CAKE. £200 to £400 may be had on mortgage on freehold property.—Apply to E. ELLIS, Auctioneer and Valuer. FOR SALE, 800,000 BRICKS, Ready for delivery at any station on the Cambrian o Manchester and Milford Ralways. Also GLAZED AND COMMON DRAIN PIPES, RIDGE AND FLOORING TILES, COAL AND LIME, &c., & c. APPLY TO WM. THOMAS, Wholesale Merchant and Commission Ageut, STATION YARD, ABERYSTWYTH. Sole Agent to the Powell Dyffryn Coal Company, whose Coal will be forwarded to any Station on the above Railways. A Cargo of WHITE'S CEMENT will arrive "-shortly. MRS. E. EVANS'S DINING AND REFRESHMENT ROOMS, 8, Market-street, Aberystwyth. Hot Dinners daily at one o'clock. Roast and Boiled Joints, Chickens, Ducks, &c., always readv. Mrs. Evans begs to call attention to her Pies, Puddings, I and Tarts, made daily or to order. Oyster and Veal Patties, liruit and Preserve Tarts, Cakes, Buns, &c., fresh daily. Tea and Coffee at any hour of the day. GOOD NEWS. CHEAP COAL. Owing toa favourable contract PETER JONES, Railway Station, Aberystwyth, Is now able to sell for cash on deliwry BEST NEWPOKT, 10s. per ton. BEST RUABON, IGs., Booking Price, 2s. extra.. PAPER HANGING WAREHOUSE. T. THOMAS, PAINTER, &c., 12, Darkgate Street, Aberystwyth. A CHOICE STOCK OF PAPER HANGINGS, From the Best Manufacturers. CHIMNEY AND OTHER GLASSES. A Good Assortment of OLEOGRAPH PAINTINGS, PHOTOS, &c. Pictures framed in Gold, &c. All kinds of Moulding for Frames Paints, Oils, Varnishes, Glass, Lead, Closets, &c., &c., at very moderate terms. T. & W. BUBB, PAINTERS, PLUMBERS, GLAZIERS, GAS- FITTERS, HOUSE DECORATORS, PAPER HANGERS, & GENERAL HOUSE FURNISHERS, Terrace-Road, Aberystwyth, and Newtown. Agent for Broner's BURNERS, and Wright's GAS STOVES. ESTIMATES FOR WORK OX APPLICATION. Agents for Atkins & Co.'s Patent CHARCOAL BLOCK WATER FILTERS. GADD'S PATENT REVERSIBLE HANDLE PERAMBULATORS. BATHS AND PERAMBULATORS ON^HIRE. DOLGELLEY. JAMES B. MEE, FISHMONGER, GAME DEALER, FRUITERER, &c., &«. Bridge End House, Dolgelley. Constant Supplies of various kinds of frsh Fish, Game, &c. according to Season. ORDERS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO, And anything not on hand procured on the shortest notice. Ice always on hand, and supplied by the pound and Upwards» JSS" Note the Address :— Bridge End House, Dolgelley. RICHARD ELLIS, Unicorn Lane, Dolgelley, GENERAL BILL STICKER, POSTER MESSENGER, &c. Contracts may be made with Auctioneers and Publishers MR. CROSSLEY, Organist of the Parish Church, Dolgelley, RECEIVES PUPILS. Organ, Pianoforte, Harmonium, Singing, and Harmony. Bank Buildings, Dolgelley. When you asK for Reckitt's Paris Blue See that you get it, I as bad qualities are often substituted. V_ i L L A X LINE SHORTEST OCEAN PASSAGE TO M E R I C A HALIFAX, CANADIAN, AND UNITED STATES MAIL. COMPOSED^ OF TWENTY FIKST-CLASS STEAMERS. DONDLixRl every IRIUAY, for H ALIF4T OUF- BEC, PORTLAND, and BAJ/riMOp'K Tbin.h tickets to BOSTON, NEW YORK, PHILADEL- T '-ri-1 to I)0Ult3 ln CANADA and the STATES. Low Fares and excellent Accommodation. Passengers who secure their Tickets before leaving home are met at the Railway Station by an appointed Agent of the Company, who takes charge of them until they go on board the Steamer. i-. The Canadian Government grants ASSISTED PASSAGES by the ALLAN" LINE Write for the Pamphlet LORD DUFFERIN IN MANITOBA." Apply to ALLAN BKOTHEKS and Co., Liveri>or.l or Londonderry, or to Or to the Agents— EVAN^.JONES, Builder. Bain. I. T. PAHIIY, The Bazaar, Cross-street, Oswestry. "WHITE STAR" LINE ROYAL AND UNITED .r ,r-, n r,r" 7, L -Fr- T. # bl ATJiS AiAJ L STEAMERS. Ni x'ICE.—The steamers of this line take the Lane Routes recommend- eel by -Lde ,Htnari„ Aiaury, u11 Loth the Outward and Home- ward passages. LIVERPOOL to NEW YORK Forwarding Passengers to all parts of the United State v and Canah. These well known magnificent Steamers are appointed to sail weekly .as under, carrying her Majesty's and the u luted States Ala its From LIVERPOOL. PF1TTPXK Thursday, May 10 *v: Tuesaay, May 21 GERMANIC Thursday, May 30 BALTIC Tuesday, June 4 ADRIATIC. Thursday, June 11 From NEW YORK. RLPL BLIC Thursday, May 2 GERMANIC Saturday, May II From QUEENSTOWN the following day. These splendid Vessels reduce the passage to the shortest possible time, and afford to Passengers the highest degree of comfort hitherto attainable at sea. ^Average passage Si day&in Summer, days in Winter. Each Vessel is constructed in seven water-tight compart- ments. • T>6 ^a'°°n' Eadies' Boudoir, State Rooms, and Smok- lno' Rooms are amidships, and are luxuriously famished and fitted with all modern conveniences pianos, libraries, electric bells, bath-rooms, barber's shop, &c. Saloon Passage, 15, 18, and 21 guineas; Return Tickets at reduced rates. The Steerage accommodation is of the very highest cha/rac- icr, the rooms are unusually spacious, well lighted, ventilated, and warmed, and passengers of this class-will find their com- fort carefully studied, and tfte provisioning -unsurpassed; Stewardesses in Steerage to attend the Women and Ch-ildren. Drafts issued on New York free of charge. For Freight or Passage apply to J. D. HUGHES, 1, Railway Terrace, Aberystwyth. ISMAY, IMRIE AND Co., 10, Water-street, Liverpool, And 34, Leadenhall Street, LONDON, E.C. BARMOUTH. — HUGH OWEN, GOMERIAN HOUSE, BARMOUTH, PHOTOGRAPHER. BEDFORD'S AND OTHER ARTISTS' VIEWS. WIXDSOR AND NEWTON'S ARTISTS' MATERIALS AND COLOURS. STATIONERY. LADIES AND CHILDREN'S UNDERCLOTHING. DRAPERY- A GOOD STOCK OF HATS, BONNETS, & MILLINERY Always on hand. PORTMADOC ROBERTS, LEWIS, & CO., GENERAL MERCHANTS, PORTMADOC. ROBERTS, LEWIS, & Co., beg to announce that they have opened new and commodious premises near the Cambrian Railway Station, Portmadoc, where they have a large assortment of goods. The Builders' Department. consists of :—Kitchen Ranges—close and open fire, Regis- ter Grates, Sham Registers, Mantel Shams, Mantel Pieces, Marble Chimney Pieces, Cast and Sheet Iron Ovens, Sash Weights, Eaves Troughs, O.G. and other Ornamental Guttering. Rain Water Pipes, Stove Pipes, Wrought Iron Pipes—black and galvanized, Sheet Lead and Zinc, Glazed Sanitary Pipes, Bricks, Paving and Ridge Tiles, Chimney Tops, Cement, Plaster Paris. The Agricultural Implement Department. consists of :—Mowing and Reaping Machines, Haymakers, Horse Rakes, American Rakes, Chaff Cutters, Turnip Pulpers and Slicers, Machinery for bruising, grinding, and splitting Grain, Winnowing Machines, Ploughs, Cul- tivators, Chain Harrows, Zig-zag Harrows, Clod Crushers, Field Rollers, Mangold and Turnip Drills, Wrought Iron Gates. Hurdles and Continuous Fencing, Waggons, Carts, and Market Cars, by all the leading makers. The Mine And Quarry Department. consists of i — Circular Slato Saws, Files, Octagon Cast Steel (L), Blister Single and Double Sheer Steel, Cast Steel and Iron Hammer Moulds, Crucible Cast Steel Waggon Wheel and Axles, Bar, Rod, Hoop and Sheet Iron, Pumps, Crane and Rock Chains, Wire Ropes for inclines, Anvils, Vices, Smiths' Bellows and Tue Irons, Portable Hearths, Machine Belting, Oils for Machinery, Fuse, Dynamite. hGEXTS FUH NOiiELrS EXPLOSIVES CO. Applications for quotations are invited. Second Hand Quarry Materials bought and for sale. pENSON'S WATCHES. Wateli aii(I Clock Maker XJ _to the Queen and Royal Family, and by Special appointment to the Prince of Wales and Emperor of Russia. Old Bond-street, and (Steam Factory) Ludgate- hill, London. BENSON'S WATCHERS of every description, suit- able for all climates, 'rom £ 2 to 200 guineas. Chrono- graphs, Chronometers, Keyless, Levers, Presentation, Repeaters, Railway Guards, Soldiers, and Workmen's Watches of extra strength. ENSON'S ARTISTIC ENGLISH CLOCKS, decorated with edgwood aud other wares, designed to suit any style of sxehitecture or furniture also, as novelties for presents. Made solely by Benson. From £5 5s. ENSON'S PAMPHLETS on TURRET CLOCKS, Watches, Clocks, Plate, and Jewellery. Illustrated, sent post free each for two stamps. Watches seat safe by post. Benson's new work, 11 Times and Time Tellers,' 2s. 6d. "SANITAS." This incomparable colourless Fluid is the most powerful, cleanly, and agreealue Disinfectant and Antiseptic known! A REAJ«iY MARVELLOUS DISCOVERY." O ANITAS is the best preventive against the O spread of Small-pox, Typhoid Fever, Scarlet Fever, Hay Fever, Foot-and-mouth, Cattle, and all Infectious Diseases. IT IS NON-POISONOUS, and has no iajurious action on the finest clothing, fur- niture, carpeting, &c. It is strongly recommended by the highest medical authorities. it SA-N ITAS 11 is the only preservative of BEER kept O in the house two fluid ozs., costing a few pence, should be added to the 9-gallon cask. "SANITAS" should be used in every LAUNDRY to tO bleach the clothes and prevent the spread of infec- tion. Half a pint should be added to every 20 "allons of water used in rinsing the clothes. ° Prices. -Bcttles. 1st Quality only, Is., Is. Gd., 2s. Gd* or in bulk, 1st Quality, 20s. per gallon, 2nd Quality, 5s. TOILET "S ANITAS." This preparation is the most luxurious of its kind; it removes the odour of tobacco, sweetens the breath, im- proves the complexion and the growth of hair it whitens the teeth and prevents dental caries. In Elegant Bottles at 2s. 6d. 0 Pamphlet with all particulars free on application to the USANITAS COMPANY, 57, Moorgate-street, London, E.C. SANITAS may be had of Chemists and Wholesale Druggists, or direct from the Company. THE LEADING PAPER FOR CARDIGANSHIRE, MERIONETHSHIRE SOUTH CARNARVONSHIRE, &o, DELIVERED by Post, or at any Station on the Cambrian, Great "Western, or Mianchester and Milford Railway, for Twelve Months, for 8s. 8d. in ad- vance. THE CAMBRIAN NEWS. Delivered by agents (through whom it may be ordered) on Friday morning, for twelve months, for 6s. 6d. in ad- vance, at all the places mentioned in our List of Agents on page 7, Published by J. GIBSON, Aberystwyth; JACOB JONES, Bala; D. LLOYD, Pertiuauoc. (' r.. r*
POOR LAW CONFERENCE AT RHYL.
Officer of Health. Being appointor to a lavso distnrt, his status would be best defined by occupying a relative position in the sanitary organisation as the Chief Constable does in the police. The authority of directing the minor sanitary opera- tions, such itS the suppression of lluis:ll1¡;'èS, &e., wonItl thus be vested in him; and that there might be unanimity in the work, in compliance with instradions he gives, the appointment of the subordinate officers should be made by him. The sub- ordinate officers would be sanitary inspectors or superinten- dents corresponding to the superintendents of police, appointed to the charge of large sections of the district, having under them for defined areas a sufficient number of sanitary officers or inspecters of nuisances corresponding to the police officer. Up to this time inspectors of nuisances have been appointed from various classes of society, according to the remunerations attached to the appointment, with varying aptitude for the duties of the office. Thus some appointments are held by civil engineers, whose capacity for the work is lar in ex- cess of what is requisite, whilst others are held by men in no wav skilled in sanitation, or whose perceptions 01 what is offensive or prejudicial to health have been blunted by long habits of endurance. The acquirements of the proposed sanitaiy inspector would be that besides having a general knowledge of the literature of hygiene and the Public Health -Acts, he should be able to lay out an ordinary system of uramage or water supply and of the proposed sanitary officer that he should be capable of intelligently receiving and carrying out in- structions. These latter would best be drawn from such classes as have had some personal care bestowed upon them, and have thus learned to appreciate the rudiments of sanitation, such as areiy pensioners, reserve men, or police-constables. In this organization the respective officers would have work allotted to them and remuneration according to their station in life. and according to their competency. Then, of the allied officers which -it is proposed to combine with that of the Medical Officer of Health. (1). The first is that of the "certifying factory surgeon." This is but an extension of the powers already con- tained in the Public Health Act, and would be but 10 bring under the immediate observation and authority of the .Medical Officer of Health, what he has already to take cognizance of, investigating the predisposition to disease. This step, though embracing so much, is but a short one from the position of the Medical Officer of Health in regard to trades as defined in section 91 of the Public Health Act. This sub-section has it that "any factory, workshop, or wurk place (not already under the operation of any general Act for the regulation of factories and bakehouses) not cleanly kept or properly ventilated, or overcrowded, is deemed to be a nuisance, &c." As the Medical Officer of Health has to deal with the whole population, all dwellings, and some factories, it seems but little that he should have all factories placed under his supervision. And indeed it appears rather a redundancy that this officer, having the same end in view, should hold office under different authori- ties. (2). The second office is that of superintendent registrar of births and deaths. Copies of the district registrar's entries of deaths, with numerical extracts from the register of births, are periodically sent to medical officers of health, and these are utilized in statistics both in giving expression to the salubrity of districts, and in ascertain- ing the prevalence of disease. Superintendent registrars are not called upon to draw up uch statistics, or materially to Ileal with the information these registers afford. Such work is obviously best done by the medical statistician, and of this no brighter "example can be quoted than that of our distinguished Registrar-General. (3). The third is that of the office of •coroner, or rather, I should say, that a process of enquiry similar to that conducted by the Procurator-fiscal in Scotland might be instituted to supersede this expensive and cumbersome court—this court, the most ancient in the realm, has for its object the discovery of the cause of death, and has doubtless afforded protection to life, and thwarted many an act of flviolence. In meting out justice it works, it may be said, in duplicate with another equally efficient and expeditious court, and like it, is set in motion only by some aggrieved person or by a chance information. In later years the system of registration of deaths and burials has been designed to extend this protec- tion to life. These apply most rigidly where they are least needed, that is, where medical certificates attest the cause of death, and for the rest the coroner s court fails to make good what is here wanting, which it should do were the system of registration perfect. This may be per- haps better understood by such examples as these, in which it will be recognized that a large number of deaths take place with no cause attested in which grounds of suspicion, violence, or neglect may be looked for. In London about two per cent. of deaths registered are not certified. In an adjoining sanitary district to the one in which we are now meeting (with which I am connected) about 40 per cent. of the deaths are un- attested, the coroner's certificate being given in two per cent. only of those certified. I do not think that these figures are ex- ceptional. Some of them are cases of people dying of old age or longstanding incurable diseases. Others of those dying under the hands of druggists or other unlicensed professor of the healin" art. Nor is it to be supposed there are grounds of sus- picion in all or any of the uncertified cases. Yet 1 do think that a more rigid system of certification would lessen the death- rate, especially among those dying under unskilful treatment, and among infants and illegitimate children. It being noted that the Registration Act and the coroner's court fail to reach those deaths concerning whieh information is most needed, all inquiry should be instituted by or under the direction of the Aledical Officer of Health into the cause of death in all cases Where no medical certificate attests the cause. In drawing these remarks to a close, I fed that 1 have done but meagre justice to the importance whieh this subject commands. At tho s,une time that I haye endeavoured to show how sanitary organization may be best adapted to the preservation of health I have ineluded With it that which is collateral and almost inseparable from it. Xocal comparisons have beeu avoided, :Lshave snell circulllstances as may have affected me personally as a medical officer of health. Mr. B. WYNNE said they were extremely indebted to Lloyd Roberts for his very able and discursive paper, With the details of which it was not possible to grapple at 'that meeting. He had always maintained that it was for the interest of the community that one independent officer a.t a high salary should be employed instead of the several local practitioners, as being less liable to local influences ■°r prejudices. Mr. S. T. BAUGH had something to learn before lie Could agree on that point, but he would be glad to read the paper when in print, and to give the suggestions his ireful consideration. (Hear, hear.) At present he ob- jected to the employment of a number of subs, who would be like the police all over the country, with a Power in London to pull the strings. THE Rev. J. D. JoNEH, Colwyn, said he had been form- ply very much of the same opinion as Mr. Baugh, and had been one of those who had opposed Mr. Doyle's Scheme for a united district to the last. Such a district ad, however been formed, and he stood there to tell them that he was now of an entirety different opinion. (Hear hear.) In the Carnarvonshire combined district they had no subs as spoken by Mr* Baugh, but the inspec- tors of nuisances reported cases to the medical officer, who was free of the local influences which often clashed with the independence of the medical officer. He could speak as one who had been very much opposed to the scheme, &nd would say that it was the best thing that could have happened to the county. The expense was a fraction that of the previous arrangement. I)R. REES, medical officer for the Carnarvonshire dis- trict, said he had six unions under his charge. The CHAIImAx said he should not like to enter into a discussion with so slight a knowledge of the points raised j5? the paper, many of which it was possible to miss in hearing it read. He must say, however, that in the ,'Vrexham Union they had two medical districts, both very important ones, containing large populations, especially the Ruabon district. They had a medical officer for each, and he had never found any local influence interfere with £ he discharge of their duties, which lie thought could not have been better done under one officer as suggested. J-hey had given long reports to the Board, and to the Local Government Board, and had been excellent officers. Mr. BAUOH said that as Vice-Chairman of the Board hs quite agreed with Captain Griffith-Boscawen. Their officers had shewn themselves independent of everyone, Whether baronet or peasant. Mr. WILDING said that in the thirteen rural districts of Shropshire and Montgomeryshire the system of one Medical officer worked well. Possibly it might not do Equally so in urban districts. Mr. ELLIS, Pwllheli, thought there might be an im- provement in the way inquests were held. Post mortem laminations were not made frequently enough, and he Pointed to the low percentage of certified deaths as aUuded to in the paper. Mr. IJROWNLOW WYNNE thought it was owing to the poroners being paid by salary instead of fees that caused '•hem to hold so few inquests. Mr. MURRAY DnowXE said he had always been strongly 111 favour of large districts and he was very glad to hear 5j[ch good testimony to the good working of the system. had never ventured to sketch out quite so elaborate a Scheme as that suggested by Dr. Lloyd Roberts, but taking ltas it.existed in Carnarvonshire under Dr. Rees, and Shrop- shire under Dr. Thursfield, it was well worthy of attention, ?hd, if he might say so, well worthy of imitation. (Hear, hear.) WORKING OF THE EDUCATION ACT, 1S76, AS IT AFFECTS BOARDS OF GUARDIANS. Mr. J. Oswell Bury, clerk to the Wrexham Union, read e following paper :— In considering the results from the application of the Act of f°76, due ^allowance must be made for the short time the Act Q&s been in force, but the importance of the subject as bearing ?Pon the question of education, and proper school attendance 'J1 districts not under the care of School Boards, and the antici- pated favourable results upon the question <,f pauperism, must Pe my excuse for troubling the Conference with this paper. I ,rUst that a short consideration of the moda in which the Act .?.as been applied in §the rexham Union may lead to sugges- ^°ns which may prove useful to boards of (Guardians in this special branch of their duties. Between the 1st of January and month of April, 1S77, the Guardians anticipating the duties the Attendance Committee, caused large placards to be sted throughout the Union setting joitn the provisions of the In the latter month, the Committee was formed, and hav- JS appointed the relieving officers School Attendance Officers, J^Used a complete census to be taken of all children under 14 of age in the district, and a copy of the Informa- j.l0n to parents as to the requirements of the lylucat-ion Act," pub- v^hed by Messrs. Knight and Co., was delivered at each house. a.° sooner was the ccnsus completed than reports of a .teady increase in the school attendance of the chil- is611 were made to the Committee. The census showed total number of children under fourteen years of nKe to be After allowing for children under five years of age, those who were attending school, and those exempted from at- J^hdance under the Act, some 200 children were left for the itPQiinittee to deal with, as not attending any efficient school, ^otices prepared by tthe clerk and Reived by the attendance "fleers upon the parents of these children, requiring the latter (5P attend school, were complied with in a short time in most of j*r6 cases. Returns from the attendance officers in January last .^uowed that with the exception of a few young children between *ne ages of five.iml seven, there were only fifteen children in the ^strict who habitually and without reasonable excuse failed to rj'tend school. To the parents of these children a special letter Tas written by the clerk, and in the course of a fortnight all 4, 6 defaulting children ware attending school. In March last committee obtained returns from all the schools in the dis- j*'ct, and it appeared that the average number of children at- school during that month w;is 1,673, as compare 1 with <•333 in the corresponding month of last year thus 290 cliil- were ii'lded to the muster rolls of the several schools, the J^ease being almost entirely due to the action of the School petulance Committee; and tlu se results were obtained jT^hout a single prosecution. Although the attendance has so greatly increased, it is a matter of regret to the atpllrftittee that they are unable at present to insist upon the ('atlce being regular. Many children attend four times a week instead of ten, and it is of course -eult to determine whet'ier the parents of such 'thi .611 can be deemed to infringe the 1 Lth section of Act. It may be urged that four or five attendances per ure better than none, but school managers and teachers Rni ral'y would rather be without c.iddren who attend so irre- inasmuch as they give extra trouble and fail to earn Part of the annual Government grant, J. he labour of en- On CUl« school attendance has, in some respects, proved more th;50Us than was anticipated. Still, experience already proves ill,« much good can be done without recourse to legal proceed- pi*t It i* almost impossible in large unions to establish com- :rl organization to carry out the powers of a new Act of th ,t ?,lllent at one but if fairly started, there can be no doubt itixt system which the legislature has approved of in this rasJ}?Ce can soon be made to work benficially. To secure good da* from the action of School Attendance Committees, it is 1 biv le to havo energetic, painstaking attendance officers, and 111 1:'ve no persons are better qualified for the post in the of districts than the relieving officers. They have opportunities of being acquainted with the parents and their circumstances, the schools and school teachers of the dis- tricts, and are thus in a position to provide the Attendance Committee with valuable information. Furnishe¡1 with a report books and census register, they can, in passing t11rol1;h the ir relief districts, pay periodical nsJts, Sity fortnightly or ¡¡¡ontlllv, to tb, varimls elementary schools. When thus engaged, the presence of the officer in the schools will be noted by the children, who will probably tell their parents of the visit, and in this way it will generally become known that others besides school teachers and managers are interested in the erlucation of the children. It is also desirable that a good understanding should exist between Attendance Committees allll SdlOOI teachers. The letter should be made to feel that the Attendance Committees are anxious to do all they can to promote the efficiency of the schools, by endeavouring to obtain regular attendance of the children, without in any way interfering with the functions of the school managers. Again, the importance of the personal influence of guardians and others in rural parishes, with the parents of those children who do not regularly attend scnool, cannot be over estimated. If guardians would point out to parents that the more regularly the children attend school, the sooner they will be able to go to work, I feel certain it would have a good effect. Parents should also be impressed with the fact that if a child attends school regularly, and passes the pre- scribed standard before the age of eleven, such child may become entitled to an honour certificate, and the school fees, payaole by such child at any public elementary school in the course of the three years after he or she obtains such certificate, may under certain conditions be paid by the Education Department. Irregular attendance can only be checked by Attendance Com- mittees with the aid of by-laws, and as therd is occasional diffi- culty and some expense in obtaining by-laws for parishes, as was shown at the Central Conference, held in December last, I think it would be well if the suggestion then made were adopted, viz: That memorials be sent up from Conferences and Attendance Committees, praying the Government to introduce a Bill to allow Attendance Committees to frame by-laws for their respective Unions, subject to the sanction of the Education Department, to take effect in every parish accepting them at a meeting called. in the usual way. If permission be given to Attendance Committees to pass by-laws as suggested, their labours would be lightened, and regular attendance could be insisted upon. Assuming, however, that this permission be not granted, and that parishes still neg- lect or refuse to apply for by-laws, then the attention of Attend- ance Committee will continue to be confined to the comparatively few cases of habitual neglect which have to be dealt with under the 11th secLion of the Act. If the Attendance Committees were provided with by-laws, aud the Attendance Officers with com- plete census registers made up from time to time from the registrar's returns, and the particulars of the examination schedule, I believe that, with the co-operation of the school teachers, entire supervision over all the children would be maintained, and regular attendance at school would be the result. The provisions of the Education Act, authorizing the guardians to pay the school fees of non-pauper children, has brought an entirely new class in contact with Boards of Guardians, and moreover a difficult class to deal with, viz., those persons (not being paupers) who can afford to provide themselves and children with the bare necessaries ot life, but represent themselves as unable to pay the school fees of their children, which in most cases do not come to more than twopence to threepence per week for each child. No doubt, poverty, in numerous instances, does press so seriously upon the working man, that the education of children at a comparatively trifling cost is almost an impossibility, but this plea is hardly acceptable beyond the purely pauper class. In Unions where the relieving officers have been appointed to act as inquiry officers, the introduction of this new class to the Guardians has already led, and has a tendency to conduce to in- creased pauperism. The thin end of the wedge having been got in, the first time the head of the family is ill or is out of work th'e application for school fees is followed by an application for relief; he has already partly ceased to depend upon himself, and cares little about losing his independence entirely. In the Wrexham Union, the relieving officers have been appointed inquiry officers, and the applications for school fees have re- ceived the most careful consideration by the Guardians. The school fees have been allowed in a great many cases, principally for the children of poor widows, and those of labourers with large families earning but small wages, and they are always paid to the school teachers through the enquiry officers. In conclu- sion, with the permission of the Conference, I would move That, in th opin.ioIl of this Conference, by-lws empowering 1\ttendance Committees to reqlllre regular attendance are essen- tial to the carrying out of the Education Act of 1876." The CHAIRMAN said he had been very much struck him- self with the working of the Education Act in the Wrex- ham rUnion. They had not brought one case before the JVIagistrates, and had added 300 children to the rolls, which was a large number, considering that they had several School Boards in the union. 0 Mr. PICKSTONE asked how many parishes had applied for by-laws ? The CHAIRMAN replied that none had. Mr. THOMAS ROBERTS, Llanfair D.C., seconded the motion contained in the paper. Mr. BKOWXLOW WYNNE thought the relieving officers would make the best enquiry officers. Mr. OSWELL BURY said the objection was in the associ- ations. The poor did not understand the tine distinctions, and having once applied to the relieving officer for 2d. or 4d. for school fees, they would hear of others who had 3s. or 4s., and it would tend to make them careless about exerting themselves. Mr. PICKSTONE said that whatever the Act might say the granting of school fees to the children would tend to pauperise the parents, and but for fear of that more fees would be granted by Boards of Guardians. Mr. MURRAY BROWNE said it was surprising parishes did not take action in the matter of obtaining by-laws. They had everything to gain and nothing to lose in doing so. In many parts of Wales the managers of schools had seen that it would be to their advantage in increasing the grant to get a larger attendance, and had put the Act into force. He was bound to say the Wrexham case was the most satisfactory one he had heard so far. The resolution was then put and carried unanimously. The proceedings terminated with a vote of thanks to the Chairman, proposed by Mr. PICKSTONE.